WO2009076882A1 - 一种分离器的检测方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种分离器的检测方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009076882A1
WO2009076882A1 PCT/CN2008/073393 CN2008073393W WO2009076882A1 WO 2009076882 A1 WO2009076882 A1 WO 2009076882A1 CN 2008073393 W CN2008073393 W CN 2008073393W WO 2009076882 A1 WO2009076882 A1 WO 2009076882A1
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Prior art keywords
xdsl
isdn
splitter
model
line
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Jie Lv
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP08863310.2A priority Critical patent/EP2216972B1/en
Publication of WO2009076882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009076882A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H04M3/26—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing with means for applying test signals or for measuring
    • H04M3/28—Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor
    • H04M3/30—Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor for subscriber's lines, for the local loop
    • H04M3/305—Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor for subscriber's lines, for the local loop testing of physical copper line parameters, e.g. capacitance or resistance
    • H04M3/306—Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor for subscriber's lines, for the local loop testing of physical copper line parameters, e.g. capacitance or resistance for frequencies above the voice frequency, e.g. xDSL line qualification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • H04M11/062—Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors using different frequency bands for speech and other data

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a detection method, apparatus and system for a splitter. Background technique
  • DSL Digital Subscriber Line
  • UTP Unshielded Twist Pair
  • ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
  • Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line VDSL (Very Good-High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line)
  • SHDSL Single-pair High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line
  • ADSL2 Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
  • Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line 2 second-generation asymmetric digital subscriber line
  • ADSL2plus Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line 2plus, second-generation asymmetric digital subscriber line lus
  • VDSL2 very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line 2 Second-generation very high-speed digital subscriber line
  • xDSL is a general term for the above subscriber lines.
  • ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
  • ISDN uses a frequency between 80 kHz and 120 kHz to transmit signals.
  • Digital subscriber lines such as ADSL, ADSL2, ADSL2+ and VDSL2 use DMT (Discrete Multitone) technology, which greatly increases the bandwidth of the Internet.
  • ADSL technology can reach a bandwidth of up to 8 ⁇
  • VDSL2 can reach 50M or more. Bandwidth.
  • the bandwidth of ISDN can no longer meet the needs of Internet access. Therefore, the digital subscriber line access method is upgraded from ISDN to xDSL. However, services such as the original ISDN telephone cannot be discarded. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously carry out the ISDN service and the xDSL service on a pair of subscriber lines.
  • ADSL, ADSL2, ADSL2+, VDSL2 and other xDSL technologies define the mode of the ISDN service (Over ISDN) in the standard. These xDSL standards use only frequencies above 120 kHz to transmit signals in Over ISDN mode, and ISDN services use signals below 120 kHz to transmit signals.
  • the ISDN signal and the xDSL signal are separated or combined by an xDSL/ISDN splitter.
  • the main function of the xDSL/ISDN splitter is to separate the ISDN signal and the xDSL band signal, so that the ISDN service and the xDSL service can be carried out on the same pair of twisted pairs at the same time, ensuring that the xD SL service and the ISDN service do not interfere with each other.
  • a system that provides multiple xDSL access is called a DSL access multiplexer.
  • Both the central office and the client need a separate integrator to separate and integrate ISDN and xDSL signals.
  • the central office xDSL/ISDN splitter is often built into the DSL access complex.
  • the harmonics directly coupled to the line will typically be 40 dB higher than the ISDN crosstalk energy, so strong.
  • the interference will seriously affect the xDSL service, which will bring about a certain reduction in the rate of the xDSL service, and cause errors in the xDSL service, which will affect the quality of the service.
  • the prior art does not automatically detect whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is installed on the user side, cannot find and eliminate faults in time, and affects the xDSL service. quality. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for detecting a splitter, so as to automatically detect whether an xDSL/ISDN splitter is lacking, and reduce maintenance costs.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a splitter, including the steps of: establishing an ISDN interference power spectral density PSD model of an integrated service digital network; and obtaining a bit distribution parameter of a digital subscriber line xDSL subcarrier, and Determining whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is lacking according to the correlation between the ISDN interference PSD model and the bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier; or acquiring the static line noise QLN of the xDSL line, and according to the ISDN interference PSD model and the The similarity detection of the QLN of the xDSL line detects whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a detection apparatus for a splitter, including: an interference model establishing module, configured to establish an ISDN interference PSD model; and a data collection module, configured to acquire a bit distribution parameter of a digital subscriber line xDSL subcarrier. Or a static line noise QLN of the xDSL line; a processing module, coupled to the interference model establishing module and the data collection module, for calculating: [ SDN interference PSD model and bit distribution of the xDSL subcarrier The correlation of the parameters or the similarity of the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line, and detecting whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing based on the correlation or similarity.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a detection system for a splitter, including: a detection unit of a splitter, configured to establish an ISDN interference PSD model, obtain a bit distribution parameter of an xDSL subcarrier, and according to the ISDN interference PSD Correlation between the model and the bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier detects whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing; or, obtains the QLN of the xDSL line, and according to the similarity of the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line The degree is detected whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is lacking; the client access device is configured to transmit and receive xDSL signals for modulation and demodulation; and the central end digital subscriber line access multiplexer is configured to receive and separate the user access The signal sent by the device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: According to the embodiment of the present invention, the correlation between the bit distribution parameter of the ISDN interference PSD model and the xDSL subcarrier or the similarity of the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line The presence or absence of an xDSL/ISDN splitter is detected, thereby enabling automatic detection of the presence of the xDSL/ISDN splitter, reducing the cost of positioning due to the lack of an xDSL/ISDN splitter.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for detecting a separator of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a logarithmic waveform diagram of a PSD model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for detecting a separator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a detection system of a separator according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for detecting a splitter, according to whether the ISDN interference PSD model and the bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier are correlated or the similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line detects whether the xDSL/ISDN separation is lacking.
  • automatic detection of the presence of the xDSL/ISDN splitter is achieved, reducing the cost of such fault location.
  • FIG. 1 it is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for detecting a separator of the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S101 establishing an ISDN interference PSD (Power Spectral Density) model.
  • PSD Power Spectral Density
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the ISDN to transmit the PSD or the ISDN to transmit the fundamental wave of the PSD as the ISDN interference PSD model.
  • ISDN transmission using 2B1Q coding The linear value of PSD can be approximated by the following formula:
  • / is the frequency of the interference, /.
  • the unit of PSD is mw/Hz (milliwatts/Hz).
  • the logarithmic value of the PSD model can be obtained by conversion.
  • PSDisDN-log (/) 10 logloPSDisDN-Disturber if) ( 2 )
  • the logarithmic waveform of the converted PSD model is shown in Figure 2.
  • PSD ISDN (i) PSD ISDN-1 . g (4312.5xi). In this way, the PSD model of ISDN interference is obtained. Other coding types of ISDN interference PSD models can also be obtained in a similar manner.
  • the main influence on the Bi distribution is the fundamental wave of the ISDN transmitting PSD. It can be seen from the ISDN interference PSD model of equation (1) that ISDN interference is
  • the fundamental wave of ISDN transmitting PSD is a sine or cosine wave with a period frequency of /.
  • Step S102 Acquire a bit distribution parameter of the digital subscriber line xDSL subcarrier.
  • the transceiver unit of the xDSL stores the information of the bit distribution parameter Bi of the xDSL subcarrier, so the network management system can obtain Bi from the DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) through the SNMP protocol.
  • DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
  • Step S103 detecting whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing according to the correlation between the ISDN interference PSD model and the bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier.
  • the DMT-based xDSL divides the entire frequency band into different sub-carriers according to a certain frequency interval (4.3125 kHz) to carry bit data, and each sub-carrier calculates the number of bits that can be carried according to the signal-to-noise ratio, and the bit distribution parameter of the i-th sub-carrier is Bi.
  • Bi ((PSD slgnal-1 + Hlo gl - SNRM - SO) - PSD Noise-1 ) / 3 ( 6 ) Since SO and SNRM are unchanged, Hlog is basically the same for the same user line, signal transmission The power is only changed within a certain range, and the variation range of the noise power spectral density can be large. Therefore, Bi has a large relationship with the power spectral density of noise.
  • the Bi-sequence of xDSL can be related to the interference PSD model of ISDN. If the correlation between the two sequences is high, it indicates that there is noise of ISDN PSD coupling, and it is judged that there is a fault that no xDSL/ISDN splitter is installed. Conversely, if the correlation is low or there is no correlation, then it is judged that there is no such fault.
  • the correlation coefficient of the Bi sequence may use the Pearson formula or the method of calculating the vector cosine cosine.
  • the Pearson formula is taken as an example for the description of the present invention.
  • Rxy — (“ - ( 7 )
  • it represents the ith value of the sequence X, which represents the ith value of the sequence y, ⁇ and the average value of the sequence X and the sequence y, respectively, and the X sequence and the y sequence.
  • the X sequence is a PSD ISDN sequence
  • the y sequence is a Bi sequence. Since the ISDN interference PSD model is fixed, S x is a fixed value, so in the above formula, in the denominator S x can also be removed.
  • the actual correlation coefficient calculation formula can be simplified into the following formula:
  • equation (3) When using equation (3) as the ISDN interference PSD model, the equation (3) is brought into the X in equation (8) and simplified, since the average value of the cosine function in multiple cycles is near It seems to be 0, so there is ⁇ 0, so equation (8) can be simplified as: In addition, since ⁇ 1) ⁇ 0 , equation (9 ) is further simplified as:
  • equation (10) is significantly simpler than equation (8). If the standard deviation of Bi of xDSL does not change much, this can be removed from equation (10) to further simplify the calculation.
  • the absolute value of R xy is compared with the threshold value to determine whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing.
  • the noise power spectral density is PSD N .
  • the larger the lse the smaller the Bi, so Bi and PSD N.
  • Lse is negatively correlated.
  • the ISDN coupled to the PSD on the line becomes noisy, and Bi and ISDN PSD should be negatively correlated; when there is an xDSL/ISDN splitter, the high frequency harmonics of the ISDN are separated by xDSL/ISDN Isolation is not coupled to the line.
  • the line noise of xDSL is independent of ISDN PSD, so Bi should also have no correlation with ISDN PSD.
  • a threshold value ⁇ ' can be set according to the measured data, and T' is a negative number.
  • the correlation coefficient R xy ⁇ T ' the correlation coefficient R xy ⁇ T '
  • the xDSL/ISDN splitter can be judged to be missing.
  • R xy > T ' no judgment is made that the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing.
  • FIG. 3 it is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the detection method of the separator of the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S301 establishing an ISDN interference PSD model.
  • the method for establishing the ISDN interference PSD model is the same as the method for establishing the SSD in the step S101, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S302 obtaining QLN (Quiet Line Noise) of the xDSL line.
  • the network management system obtains the QLN parameters of the xDSL line from the DSLAM through the SNMP protocol.
  • Step S303 detecting whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing according to the similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line.
  • the similarity between the QLN and the ISDN interference PSD model is calculated by a linear regression method, and the calculation formula is as follows: In xDSL, due to the signal-to-noise ratio, the number of bits carried by the lower subcarrier and the higher subcarrier is 0. Therefore, when performing matching, it is usually necessary to filter the matched subcarriers, and remove the lowest and highest parts. Subcarriers of frequency to reduce errors and obtain higher precision.
  • the similarity of the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN can also be calculated by using the Pearson formula provided in the first step S103.
  • the QLN parameter is basically the ISDN crosstalk, and the QLN and ISDN interference PSD models should be positively correlated. Therefore, the threshold T1 can be set according to the measured data. If the similarity is greater than T1, it is judged that the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing; otherwise, the judgment of the missing xDSL/ISDN splitter is not made.
  • the above detection method of the splitter automatically detects whether there is a fault of the xDSL/ISDN splitter through the parameters acquired by the network management system, without sending a professional maintenance personnel to inquire Ask or check the user's home for missing xDSL/ISDN splitters, reducing maintenance costs.
  • FIG. 4 it is a structural diagram of a detection system of a splitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a detection unit 1 for a splitter, configured to establish an ISDN interference PSD model, obtain a bit distribution parameter of an xDSL subcarrier, and according to ISDN interference Correlation between the PSD model and the bit distribution parameters of the xDSL subcarriers detects whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing; or, obtains the QLN of the xDSL line, and detects whether the xDSL/ISDN is missing according to the similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line.
  • a detection unit 1 for a splitter configured to establish an ISDN interference PSD model, obtain a bit distribution parameter of an xDSL subcarrier, and according to ISDN interference Correlation between the PSD model and the bit distribution parameters of the xDSL subcarriers detects whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing; or, obtains the Q
  • the client access device 2 is configured to receive and transmit an xDSL signal for modulation and demodulation, and the central end digital subscriber line access multiplexer 3 is configured to receive and separate a signal sent by the user access device 2.
  • the detecting unit 1 of the splitter includes: an interference model establishing module 11 configured to establish an ISDN interference PSD model;
  • a data collection module 12 configured to obtain a bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier or a QLN of the xDSL line;
  • the processing module 13 is connected to the interference model establishing module 11 and the data collection module 12, and is configured to calculate a correlation between a bit distribution parameter of the ISDN interference PSD model and the xDSL subcarrier or a similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line, And based on the correlation and similarity, it is detected whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing.
  • the processing module 13 includes: a calculation sub-module 131, configured to calculate a correlation coefficient of the bit distribution parameter of the ISDN interference PSD model and the xDSL subcarrier or a similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line;
  • the correlation determination sub-module 132 is connected to the calculation sub-module 131, and is configured to determine whether the absolute value of the correlation coefficient calculated by the calculation sub-module 131 is greater than a first threshold, and if it is greater, determining that the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing; or ,
  • the similarity judgment sub-module 133 is connected to the calculation sub-module 131, and is configured to determine whether the similarity calculated by the calculation sub-module 131 is greater than a second threshold. If it is greater, it determines that the xDSL/ISDN splitter is missing.
  • the detecting unit 1 of the separator may be a separate unit
  • the device which exists independently, can also be integrated into the central office access device, for example: the central office digital subscriber line access multiplexer 3.
  • the detecting unit 1 of the splitter detects whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter exists according to the correlation of the ISDN interference PSD model and the bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier or the similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line.
  • the detecting unit 1 of the splitter detects whether the xDSL/ISDN splitter exists according to the correlation of the ISDN interference PSD model and the bit distribution parameter of the xDSL subcarrier or the similarity between the ISDN interference PSD model and the QLN of the xDSL line.
  • the present invention can be implemented by hardware or by software plus a necessary general hardware platform.
  • the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which may be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.), including several The instructions are for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

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Description

一种分离器的检测方法、 装置和系统 本申请要求于 2007年 12 月 11 日提交中国专利局， 申请号为 200710198452.5 , 发明名称为"一种分离器的检测方法、 装置和系统" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信技术领域， 特别涉及一种分离器的检测方 法、 装置和系统。 背景技术
DSL ( Digital Subscriber Line, 数字用户线）技术是一种通过电 话双绞线， 即 UTP ( Unshielded Twist Pair, 无屏蔽双绞线）进行数据 传输的高速传输技术， 包括 ADSL ( Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line,非对称数字用户线）、 VDSL( Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line, 甚高速数字用户线）、 SHDSL ( Single-pair High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line , 单线对高速数字用户线）、 ADSL2 ( Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line 2 , 第二代非对称数字用户线）、 ADSL2plus ( Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line 2plus , 第二代非对称数字用户 线 lus )、 VDSL2 ( Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line 2, 第二代 甚高速数字用户线）等， xDSL是对上述用户线的统称。
ISDN ( Integrated Services Digital Network, 综合业务数字网）利 用基带调制的方法， 使用两个 B通道和一个 D通道， 可向用户提供 144kbps的带宽， ISDN使用 80kHz到 120kHz之间的频率传输信号。
ADSL, ADSL2、 ADSL2+和 VDSL2等数字用户线标准使用 DMT ( Discrete Multitone , 离散多频调制）技术， 这些技术大幅提高了上 网带宽， 其中， ADSL技术最高能达到 8Μ左右的带宽， VDSL2可以 达到 50M以上的带宽。
由于互联网的飞速发展， ISDN的带宽已经不能满足上网需要， 因此， 数字用户线上网方式就由 ISDN升级到 xDSL。 但是， 原有的 ISDN的电话等业务并不能丟弃， 因此， 就需要将 ISDN业务和 xDSL 业务在一对用户线上面同时开展。
ADSL, ADSL2, ADSL2+, VDSL2等 xDSL技术在标准中都定 义了和 ISDN业务共同传输（Over ISDN ) 的模式。 这些 xDSL标准 在 Over ISDN模式下都只使用 120kHz以上的频率传输信号， ISDN 业务使用 120kHz以下的频率传输信号。 ISDN信号和 xDSL信号通过 xDSL/ISDN分离器进行分离或合并。 xDSL/ISDN分离器的主要作用 是分离 ISDN信号和 xDSL频带信号， 使 ISDN业务和 xDSL业务能 同时不间断的在同一对双绞线上面正常开展，保证 xD SL业务和 ISDN 业务不互相干扰。
提供多路 xDSL接入的系统叫做 DSL接入复用器， 局端和用户 端都需要一个分离整合器来分离和整合 ISDN和 xDSL信号， 局端的 xDSL/ISDN分离器往往内置于 DSL接入复用器或者事先安装好了， 一般不会缺少， 用户端的 xDSL/ISDN分离器安装在用户家中， 由于 用户专业知识不足或者粗心大意，可能会漏接了 xDSL/ISDN分离器。 如果漏接了 xDSL/ISDN分离器， 则会对 xDSL信号产生衰减， 这样 会大大降低 xDSL信号的信噪比，降低 xDSL的速率。另外，由于 ISDN 信号的高频谐波在没有 xDSL/ISDN分离器的情况下将会全部耦合到 xDSL线路， 这种直接耦合到线路上的谐波通常会比 ISDN串扰能量 高 40dB以上， 这么强的干扰会严重影响 xDSL业务， 给 xDSL业务 速率带来一定的降低， 并使 xDSL业务产生误码， 影响业务质量。
在实现本发明的过程中， 发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问 题： 现有技术没有自动检测用户侧是否安装了 xDSL/ISDN分离器的 方法， 不能及时地发现并排除故障， 影响 xDSL的业务质量。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种分离器的检测方法、装置和系统， 以实现 自动检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器， 降低维护成本。 为达到上述目的，本发明实施例一方面提供一种分离器的检测方 法， 包括以下步骤： 建立综合业务数字网 ISDN干扰功率谱密度 PSD 模型； 获取数字用户线 xDSL 子载波的比特分布参数， 并根据所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性检 测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 或者， 获取 xDSL线路的静线路噪 声 QLN, 并根据所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN 的相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
另一方面， 本发明实施例提供一种分离器的检测装置， 包括： 干 扰模型建立模块， 用于建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型； 数据釆集模块， 用于获取数字用户线 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数或所述 xDSL线路 的静线路噪声 QLN; 处理模块， 与所述干扰模型建立模块和所述数 据釆集模块连接，用于计算所述： [SDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子 载波的比特分布参数的相关性或所述 ISDN 干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度， 并根据所述相关性或相似度检测是否 缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
再一方面， 本发明实施例还提供一种分离器的检测系统， 包括： 分离器的检测单元， 用于建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型， 获取 xDSL子载 波的比特分布参数，并根据所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子 载波的比特分布参数的相关性检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 或 者， 获取所述 xDSL线路的 QLN, 并根据所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型 和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离 器； 用户端接入设备， 用于收发 xDSL信号， 进行调制和解调； 局端 数字用户线接入复用器，用于接收并分离所述用户端接入设备发送的 信号。
与现有技术相比， 本发明实施例具有以下优点： 通过本发明实施 例，根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关 性或 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度检测是否缺 少 xDSL/ISDN分离器，从而实现了自动检测 xDSL/ISDN分离器是否 存在， 降低了由于缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器导致的故障的定位成本。 附图说明
图 1为本发明分离器的检测方法实施例一的流程图;
图 2为本发明实施例 PSD模型的对数值波形图；
图 3为本发明分离器的检测方法实施例二的流程图;
图 4为本发明实施例分离器的检测系统的结构图。 具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种分离器的检测方法， 根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性或 ISDN干扰 PSD 模型和 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离 器， 从而实现了自动检测 xDSL/ISDN分离器是否存在， 降低了这类 故障定位的成本。
如图 1所示， 为本发明分离器的检测方法实施例一的流程图， 具 体包括以下步骤：
步骤 S101 , 建立 ISDN干扰 PSD ( Power Spectral Density, 功率 谱密度 )模型。本发明实施例使用 ISDN发射 PSD或 ISDN发射 PSD 的基波作为 ISDN干扰 PSD模型。使用 2B1Q编码方式的 ISDN发射 PSD的线性值可以用以下公式近似：
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0002
其中/为干扰的频率， /。为 80000Hz, PSD的单位为 mw/Hz (毫 瓦 /Hz )。 可以通过换算得到 PSD模型的对数值，
PSDisDN-log (/) = 10 logloPSDisDN-Disturber if) ( 2 ) 换算以后的 PSD模型的对数值波形如图 2所示。 为了和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数 Bi进行匹配，需要将 ISDN 的 PSD离散化成和 xDSL的子载波数相同长度的序列， 因此，
取 PSDISDN (i) = PSDISDN-1。g (4312.5xi)。 这样， 就获得了 ISDN干 扰的 PSD模型。 其他编码类型的 ISDN干扰 PSD模型也可用类似的 方法获得。
由于在实际应用中， 影响 Bi分布的主要是 ISDN发射 PSD的基 波。 从式 （ 1 ) 的 ISDN 干扰 PSD 模型可以看出， ISDN 干扰在
/ = (" + )/。时有局部最大值，在/ = « · /。时有局部最小值，因此 ISDN 发射 PSD的基波是一个周期频率为/。的正弦或余弦波， 利用这个特 性， 还可以用下面的余弦函数来作为 ISDN干扰 PSD的模型：
Figure imgf000007_0001
步骤 S102, 获取数字用户线 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数。 在 xDSL的收发单元保存了 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数 Bi的信息， 因 此网络管理系统通过 SNMP协议从 DSLAM ( Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer, 数字用户线接入复用器）处即可获取 Bi。
步骤 S103 , 根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分 布参数的相关性检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
基于 DMT的 xDSL把整个频段按照一定的频率间隔（ 4.3125kHz ) 分成不同的子载波来承载比特数据，每一个子载波根据信噪比计算可 承载的比特数， 第 i个子载波的比特分布参数 Bi的计算过程如下： 由于 SN¾ = SO + 3 Bi + SNRM ( 4 ) 其中 SO为 9.8dB的减去编码增益， 表示承载比特所需的最低信 噪比， SNRM ( Signal to Noise Ratio Margin, 信噪比容限）是为了保 证线路在环境噪声变化的情况下仍然可以达到误码率要求而给信噪 比预留的容限， SN ( Signal to Noise Ratio, 信噪比 )是第 i个子载 波的信噪比的对数值， 8服1还可用以下公式表示： SN¾ = PSDslgnal-1 - PSDNoise-1 + Hlogl ( 5 ) 其中
Figure imgf000008_0001
PSDNoise-1, 1¾0&分别为第 i个子载波信号发送的 功率谱密度的对数值，噪声的功率谱密度的对数值和传递函数幅度的 对数值。 由式（4 )和式（5 ) 可以得到：
Bi = ((PSDslgnal-1 + Hlogl - SNRM - SO) - PSDNoise-1)/3 ( 6 ) 由于 SO和 SNRM不变， Hlog对于同一根用户线来说，也基本不 变，信号发送功率也只在一定范围内变化， 而噪声功率谱密度的变化 范围却可以很大。 因此， Bi和噪声的功率谱密度有很大关系。
如果线路没有接 xDSL/ISDN分离器， ISDN高频谐波直接耦合到 xDSL线路， 成为噪声被 xDSL收发单元接收到， 从而影响 xDSL的 比特分布参数 Bi。因此，可以把 xDSL的 Bi序列同 ISDN的干扰 PSD 模型做相关， 如果两个序列的相关性高， 说明存在 ISDN PSD耦合的 噪声， 判断存在没有安装 xDSL/ISDN分离器的故障。 反之， 如果相 关性低或者不存在相关性， 则判断不存在这类故障。
计算 ISDN的干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL的比特分布参数 Bi序列的 相关性系数可以釆用 Pearson公式或计算向量夹角余弦等方法， 但本 发明实施例以 Pearson公式为例进行说明，
Rxy— (" - ( 7 ) 这个 式中， 表示序列 X的第 i个值， 表示序列 y的第 i个 值， ^和 分别表示序列 X和序列 y的平均值。 和 表示 X序列和 y序列的标准差。 在本发明实施例中， X序列为 PSDISDN序列， y序列 为 Bi序列。 由于 ISDN干扰 PSD模型是固定的， 因此 Sx是一个固定 值， 所以在上式中， 分母中的 Sx也可以去掉。 实际使用的相关性系 数计算公式可以简化成下式：
Figure imgf000008_0002
当釆用式（3 )作为 ISDN干扰 PSD模型时， 将式（3 ) 带入式 ( 8 ) 中的 X , 并进行简化， 由于余弦函数在多个周期内的平均值近 似为 0, 因此有 ≡0 , 所以式（8 )可简化为：
Figure imgf000009_0001
另外， 由于^ 1)≡0 , 所以式（9 )进一步简化为：
( - 1)
。
Rxy
Figure imgf000009_0002
式（10 ) 的计算量明显比式（8 ) 简单了许多。 如果 xDSL的 Bi 的标准差 变化不大， 则可以把这项从式（10 )中去掉， 进一步简化 计算。
在计算出 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的 相关性系数 Rxy之后， 将 Rxy的绝对值和门限值进行比较， 判断是否 缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
从式（6 ) 可以看出， 噪声功率谱密度 PSDN。lse越大， Bi越小， 所以 Bi和 PSDN。lse是负相关的。如果缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器， ISDN 耦合到线路上的 PSD成为噪声， 这时 Bi和 ISDN PSD应该是负相关 的； 当存在 xDSL/ISDN分离器时， ISDN的高频谐波被 xDSL/ISDN 分离器隔离， 不会耦合到线路， 这时 xDSL的线路噪声和 ISDN PSD 无关， 所以 Bi也应该和 ISDN PSD没有相关性。
因此， 可以根据实测数据设置一个门限值 Τ', T'是一个负数， 当 Bi和 ISDN模型的负相关度大， 即相关性系数 Rxy < T '时， 可以判断 缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。 当 Rxy > T '时， 不作缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离 器的判断。 也可以将 Rxy的绝对值和一个正的门限值 T进行比较， 如 果该 Rxy的绝对值大于该门限值， 则判断缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器， 否则， 不作缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器的判断。
如图 3所示， 为本发明分离器的检测方法实施例二的流程图， 具 体包括以下步骤：
步骤 S301 , 建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型。 该 ISDN干扰 PSD模型 的建立方法与步骤 S101中的建立方法相同， 在此不再赘述。 步骤 S302 , 获取 xDSL线路的 QLN ( Quiet Line Noise , 静线路 噪声）。 网络管理系统通过 SNMP协议从 DSLAM处获取 xDSL线路 的 QLN参数。
步骤 S303 ,根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL线路的 QLN的相 似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
因为所有基于 DMT的 xDSL收发器都支持查询比特分布 Bi参 数， 所以用 Bi来检测 ISDN的方法比较通用。 但是， 从式（6 )可以 看出， Bi只是间接和噪声有关， 如果能获取 xDSL线路的噪声， 检测 就能达到更高的准确度。 QLN是当线路没有 xDSL信号时， 接收端 接收到的噪声功率谱密度。 目前， 很多 xDSL收发器都支持直接查询 QLN参数， 或者通过 DELT ( Double Ended Loop Test, 双端测试）来 测试这个参数， 有了这个参数以后， 用 QLN和 ISDN干扰 PSD模型 进行匹配， 可以获取更高的检测精度。
本发明实施例釆用线性回归的方法计算 QLN和 ISDN干扰 PSD 模型的相似度， 计算公式如下：
Figure imgf000010_0001
在 xDSL中， 由于信噪比的原因， 较低的子载波和较高的子载波 承载的比特数为 0 , 所以， 进行匹配时， 通常需要对匹配的子载波进 行筛选， 去掉最低和最高部分频率的子载波， 以减少误差， 获取更高 精度。 另外， 还可釆用实施例一步骤 S103 中提供的 Pearson公式计 算 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 QLN的相似度。
如果不存在 xDSL/ISDN分离器， QLN参数测量到的基本就是 ISDN的串扰， 应该 QLN和 ISDN干扰 PSD模型正相关。 所以可以 根据实测数据设置门限值 T1 , 如果相似度大于 T1 , 则判断缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 否则， 不作缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器的判断。
上述分离器的检测方法，通过网络管理系统获取的参数自动检测 是否存在缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器的故障， 而不用派专业维护人员询 问或者到用户家中查看是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器， 降低了维护成 本。
如图 4所示，为本发明实施例分离器的检测系统的结构图，包括： 分离器的检测单元 1 ,用于建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型，获取 xDSL 子载波的比特分布参数，并根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波 的比特分布参数的相关性检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 或者， 获取 xDSL线路的 QLN, 并根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL 线路的 QLN的相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器；
用户端接入设备 2, 用于收发 xDSL信号， 进行调制和解调； 局端数字用户线接入复用器 3 , 用于接收并分离用户端接入设备 2发送的的信号。
其中， 分离器的检测单元 1 包括： 干扰模型建立模块 11 , 用于 建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型；
数据釆集模块 12 , 用于获取 xDSL 子载波的比特分布参数或 xDSL线路的 QLN;
处理模块 13 , 与干扰模型建立模块 11和数据釆集模块 12连接， 用于计算 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关 性或 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度， 并根据该 相关性和相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器 。
其中， 处理模块 13包括： 计算子模块 131 , 用于计算 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性系数或 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度；
相关性判断子模块 132, 与计算子模块 131连接， 用于判断计算 子模块 131计算的相关性系数的绝对值是否大于第一门限值，如果大 于， 则确定缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 或者，
相似度判断子模块 133 , 与计算子模块 131连接， 用于判断计算 子模块 131计算的相似度是否大于第二门限值， 如果大于， 则确定缺 少 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
在上述分离器的检测系统中，分离器的检测单元 1可以为一单独 的装置， 独立存在， 也可以集成到局端接入设备， 例如： 局端数字用 户线接入复用器 3中。
上述分离器的检测系统， 分离器的检测单元 1 根据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性或 ISDN干扰 PSD 模型和 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度检测 xDSL/ISDN分离器是否存 在， 从而实现了自动检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器， 降低了这类 故障定位的成本。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解 到本发明， 可以通过硬件实现， 也可以借助软件加必要的通用硬件平 台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解， 本发明的技术方案可以以软件产 品的形式体现出来， 该软件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质 (可以是 CD-ROM, U盘， 移动硬盘等） 中， 包括若干指令用以使 得一台计算机设备（可以是个人计算机， 服务器， 或者网络设备等） 执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
总之， 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本 发明的保护范围。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤： 建立综合业务数字网 ISDN干扰功率谱密度 PSD模型； 获取数字用户线 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数，并根据所述 ISDN 干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性检测是 否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 或者，
获取 xDSL线路的静线路噪声 QLN,并根据所述 ISDN干扰 PSD 模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分 离器。
2、 如权利要求 1所述分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 所述根 据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性 检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器具体包括：
计算所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参 数的相关性系数；
判断所述相关性系数的绝对值是否大于预设的门限值；
如果大于， 则判断缺少所述 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
3、 如权利要求 1所述分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 所述根 据 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度检测是否 缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离器具体包括：
计算所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似 度；
判断所述相似度是否大于预设的门限值；
如果大于， 则判断缺少所述 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
4、 如权利要求 1所述分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 所述建 立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型具体包括： 使用所述 ISDN发射 PSD或所述 ISDN发射 PSD的基波作为所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型。
5、 如权利要求 1所述分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 所述获 取 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数或所述 xDSL线路的 QLN具体包括： 通过简单网络管理协议 SNMP从数字用户线接入复用器 DSLAM处 获取所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数或所述 xDSL线路的 QLN。
6、 如权利要求 2所述分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 所述计 算 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性 具体包括： 利用 Pearson相关性计算公式计算所述相关性。
7、 如权利要求 3所述分离器的检测方法， 其特征在于， 所述计 算 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度具体包括： 利用线性回归的方法计算所述相似度。
8、 一种分离器的检测装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
干扰模型建立模块， 用于建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型；
数据釆集模块，用于获取数字用户线 xDSL子载波的比特分布参 数或所述 xDSL线路的静线路噪声 QLN;
处理模块， 与所述干扰模型建立模块和所述数据釆集模块连接， 用于计算所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参 数的相关性或所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的 相似度， 并根据所述相关性或相似度检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分离 器。
9、 如权利要求 8所述分离器的检测装置， 其特征在于， 所述处 理模块包括：
计算子模块，用于计算所述： [SDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子 载波的比特分布参数的相关性系数或所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所 述 xDSL线路的 QLN的相似度； 相关性判断子模块， 与所述计算子 模块连接，用于判断所述计算子模块计算的相关性系数的绝对值是否 大于第一门限值， 如果大于， 则确定缺少所述 xDSL/ISDN分离器； 或者，
相似度判断子模块， 与所述计算子模块连接， 用于判断所述计算 子模块计算的相似度是否大于第二门限值， 如果大于， 则确定缺少所 述 xDSL/ISDN分离器。
10、 一种分离器的检测系统， 其特征在于， 包括： 分离器的检测单元， 用于建立 ISDN干扰 PSD模型， 获取 xDSL 子载波的比特分布参数， 并根据所述 ISDN 干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数的相关性检测是否缺少 xDSL/ISDN分 离器； 或者，
获取所述 xDSL线路的 QLN, 并根据所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型 和所述 xDSL 用户端接入设备， 用于收发 xDSL信号， 进行调制和解调； 局端数字用户线接入复用器，用于接收并分离所述用户端接入设 备发送的信号。
11、 如权利要求 10所述分离器的检测系统， 其特征在于， 所述 分离器的检测单元包括：
干扰模型建立模块， 用于建立所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型； 数据釆集模块，用于获取所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参数或所 述 xDSL线路的 QLN;
处理模块， 与所述干扰模型建立模块和所述数据釆集模块连接， 用于计算所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL子载波的比特分布参 数的相关性或所述 ISDN干扰 PSD模型和所述 xDSL线路的 QLN的 相似度， 并根据所述相关性或相似度检测是否缺少所述 xDSL/ISDN 分离器。
PCT/CN2008/073393 2007-12-11 2008-12-09 一种分离器的检测方法、装置和系统 Ceased WO2009076882A1 (zh)

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