WO2009135437A1 - 一种光通信系统、装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种光通信系统、装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009135437A1
WO2009135437A1 PCT/CN2009/071651 CN2009071651W WO2009135437A1 WO 2009135437 A1 WO2009135437 A1 WO 2009135437A1 CN 2009071651 W CN2009071651 W CN 2009071651W WO 2009135437 A1 WO2009135437 A1 WO 2009135437A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical signal
optical
node
signal
wavelength
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2009/071651
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林华枫
赵峻
徐之光
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP09741712.5A priority Critical patent/EP2285019B1/en
Priority to AU2009243970A priority patent/AU2009243970B2/en
Publication of WO2009135437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009135437A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2587—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission using a single light source for multiple stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H04J14/0241—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
    • H04J14/0242—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON
    • H04J14/0245—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for downstream transmission, e.g. optical line terminal [OLT] to ONU
    • H04J14/0246—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for downstream transmission, e.g. optical line terminal [OLT] to ONU using one wavelength per ONU
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H04J14/0241—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
    • H04J14/0242—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON
    • H04J14/0245—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for downstream transmission, e.g. optical line terminal [OLT] to ONU
    • H04J14/0247—Sharing one wavelength for at least a group of ONUs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H04J14/0241—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
    • H04J14/0242—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON
    • H04J14/0249—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for upstream transmission, e.g. ONU-to-OLT or ONU-to-ONU
    • H04J14/025—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for upstream transmission, e.g. ONU-to-OLT or ONU-to-ONU using one wavelength per ONU, e.g. for transmissions from-ONU-to-OLT or from-ONU-to-ONU
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H04J14/0241—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
    • H04J14/0242—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON
    • H04J14/0249—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for upstream transmission, e.g. ONU-to-OLT or ONU-to-ONU
    • H04J14/0252—Sharing one wavelength for at least a group of ONUs, e.g. for transmissions from-ONU-to-OLT or from-ONU-to-ONU
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
    • H04J14/0282—WDM tree architectures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical network communications, and in particular, to an optical communication system, apparatus, and method.
  • the bandwidth that can be provided is inversely proportional to its transmission distance, that is, the larger the bandwidth, the faster the effective transmission distance; on the other hand, the wireless broadband access network, such as WiMAX, is connected to the wired line in terms of bandwidth.
  • WiMAX wireless broadband access network
  • the wireless broadband access network such as WiMAX
  • it is slightly inferior, but with its natural, seamlessly infiltrated, low-single-user network construction cost and operation and maintenance cost wireless media resources, it constitutes a huge burden on the increasingly heavy wired broadband access network.
  • Threat In order to reduce the operation and maintenance cost, passive optical networks based on glass fiber, such as EPON and GPON, have advantages such as long service life, small interference from external environmental noise, and huge bandwidth resources.
  • the fixed broadband access network is moving forward into the copper. Evolution.
  • the optical fiber passive broadband access network has a significant difference, that is, its coverage is greatly increased.
  • the traditional passive optical network can cover a distance of 20 kilometers, and the copper broadband access network. Usually covers a distance of up to 3 km.
  • long-distance passive optical networks Long-Reach PON, LR-PON
  • the transmission distance of a long-distance passive optical network can be much larger than that of a conventional passive optical network, that is, the transmission distance of a long-distance passive optical network can be much larger than 20 km.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical communication system, apparatus, and method, which use the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical communication system, including at least one relay device, one end of the relay device is coupled to at least one terminal node, and the other end is coupled to the central node, and the terminal node is implemented. Two-way communication between the central nodes; the relay device, configured to receive a first optical signal from the terminal node, and receive a second optical signal from the central node; the relay device, from the After the first optical signal recovers the data electrical signal, it is modulated onto at least part of the optical signal of the second optical signal, and the modulated third optical signal is sent to the central node.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device, where the communication device receives a first optical signal from a first node and a second optical signal from a second node; the communication device includes a receiving module and a modulation module, The receiving module is configured to recover a data electrical signal from the first optical signal from the first node, and send the data electrical signal to the modulation module; The data electrical signal is modulated into at least part of the optical signal of the second optical signal, and the modulated third optical signal is sent to the second node.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an optical transmission method, the method comprising: receiving a first optical signal from a first node and a second optical signal from a second node; the second optical signal includes a fourth An optical signal and a fifth optical signal; transmitting the fourth optical signal to the first node; recovering a data electrical signal from the first optical signal, and modulating the recovered data electrical signal to the fifth light And transmitting, on the signal, the modulated third optical signal to the second node.
  • the relay device can eliminate the need for an uplink light source, save the light source, and make the wavelength distribution more flexible.
  • FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C are schematic diagrams of an access system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of wavelength planning of a backbone segment according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a converged access system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4A-4G are schematic diagrams of a relay device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic diagrams of a relay device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6A-6D are schematic diagrams of local nodes provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C are schematic diagrams of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • communication system 100a includes terminal node 110, local nodes 140-1, 140-2...140-n.
  • the terminal node 110 is a device located at the terminal user premises, including an optical network terminal (optical network terminal, ⁇ ) or an optical network unit (Optical Network)
  • the difference between ONT and ONU is that the ONT is directly at the user end, and there are other networks such as Ethernet between the ONU and the user.
  • the following is uniformly indicated by the ONU; local nodes 140-1, 140- 2...140-n is an access point that covers a local area. For example, it can be set in any of a local computer room, a local cabinet, a street cabinet, and a switch box that is 10 to 20 km away from the user equipment.
  • the local node is uniformly denoted by 140; the central node 180 may be disposed in the central equipment room (Metr o machine room), for example, the central node 180 may be disposed at a position of about 40 to 80 km from the local node 140, and the central node 180 serves as an upper layer.
  • the network node (not shown) and the intermediate node of the local node, of course, the central node 180 can also directly connect to the terminal node 110 (not shown).
  • the terminal node 110 passes through an optical distribution network (Optical Distribution Network,
  • the ODN 120 is connected to the local node 140, and the local node 140 is connected to the central node 1 80 through the trunk segment fiber 172/174, wherein the optical distribution network (Optical Distribution Network,
  • the ODN) 120 includes passive optical components such as optical fibers, optical branching components, optical filters, etc., and the ODN 120 can include a plurality of cascaded branching components.
  • FIG. 1A schematically illustrates a central node 180 (Metro-OLT in Figure 1A) connected to n local nodes 140 (140-l, .., 140-n in Figure 1A) as an application, n
  • the local nodes 140 i.e., 140-1, ..., 140-n in Fig. 1A
  • the local nodes 140 may also be located in the same access point office, but it should be understood that the local node 140-1, .. ...., the placement position of 140-n does not affect the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Each local node provides a user-side interface, which is connected to 32 terminal nodes 110 through a passive optical network. As shown in FIG. 1A, the local node 140-1 connects to the terminal node through the passive optical network PON1. 2.
  • the local node 140-n connects to the terminal node via the passive optical network PONn with ONUn01...ONUn32.
  • the passive optical network PON1...PONn is a branch network, including an optical distribution network (ODN), capable of dividing light from the local node 140 into 32 branches according to optical power, and capable of combining light from ONUn01...ONUn32 One way.
  • ODN optical distribution network
  • central node 180 has a downstream transmit array (DS Tx)
  • the central node 180 further has an uplink laser array (US LD)
  • the local node 140 can modulate the uplink data to the seed optical signal provided by the central node 180, and the optical signal generated by the downlink transmitting array and the uplink laser array passes the WDM4 device.
  • the downlink optical signal transmitted on the trunk segment fiber 172 may include n uplink wavelengths and n downlink wavelengths.
  • the uplink and downlink optical signals between the local node 140 and the central node 180 are carried in different optical fibers, and the seed optical signals (wavelengths of ⁇ 1... ⁇ ⁇ ) generated by the uplink laser array are transmitted through the backbone segment fiber 172 and downlink.
  • the downlink optical signal (wavelength is dl.. Adn) generated by the array and carrying the downlink data is transmitted, which can avoid the backward and backward Rayleigh of the single-fiber bidirectional transmission of the seed optical signal and the uplink modulated optical fiber on the trunk segment fiber 174. Rayleigh Back Scattering (RBS), reflection and other issues.
  • the local node 140-1 receives the optical signal from the optical demultiplexing device 162, and divides the received optical signal into two paths by the wavelength division multiplexing device 137 (such as WD M2), and outputs one wavelength to the wavelength carrying the downlink data.
  • the optical signal S4 ⁇ dl) is ⁇ , and the other is the optical signal S5 ⁇ ul having the wavelength ⁇ as the seed optical signal.
  • the local node 140-1 transparently transmits the optical signal S4(dl) over the optical domain, that is, does not perform Processing such as photoelectric conversion, electro-optic conversion, and the like.
  • the optical signal S4 (dl) is multiplexed to ⁇ 1 by a wavelength division multiplexing device 132 (e.g., WDM1).
  • the optical signal of wavelength ⁇ ⁇ is input to the modulation module 136 as the upstream seed optical signal of the local node 140-1. It should be noted that if the optical fiber 122 between the ODN 120 of the PON1 and the local node 140-1 carries the uplink and downlink optical signals respectively by using the dual fibers, the wavelength division multiplexing device 132 may be omitted, and the downlink optical signal is directly passed through the corresponding optical fiber. The interface sends.
  • PON1 is equivalent to a broadcast network, dividing the optical power from local node 140-1 into 32 branches.
  • the ONUs 101...ONUs 132 respectively receive optical signals from the corresponding branches of the ODN 120, and receive their own data from the optical signals.
  • the transmission wavelength of the ONU is ⁇ , for example, ⁇ is 1270nm, and the transmission gap of the ONU can be assigned by the central node 180.
  • the method of gap allocation for systems such as APON, GPON, and EPON is not mentioned.
  • the ODN 120 multiplexes the upstream light from the ONU 101...ONU 132 to the local node 140-1.
  • the local node 140-1 receives the optical signal Sl ⁇ l) from the ONU 101...ONU 132 through the ODN 120, wherein the Sl ⁇ l) may include 32 ONU split-multiplexed optical signals.
  • the local node 140-1 includes a relay device 130a for performing photoelectric conversion processing on the upstream optical signal from the PON1, and modulating the electrical signal processed by the photoelectric conversion to the seed optical signal S5 ⁇ from the central node 180. Ul). Since the uplink optical signal of the PON1 system is a burst signal, the relay device 130a performs photoelectric detection and burst clock data recovery processing on the upstream optical signal through the burst receiving module 134, and outputs an electrical signal to the modulation module 136. Specifically, the photodetection processing of the uplink optical signal by the optical detecting module in the burst receiving module 134 can be resumed by the burst data recovery module in the burst receiving module 134, and the electrical signal is output.
  • the modulation module 136 modulates the input electrical signal to the seed optical signal S5(ul) having a wavelength of ⁇ , and obtains the modulated optical signal S3 ⁇ ul optical signal S3 ⁇ ul of the wavelength ⁇ ) to be input to the optical multiplexing device 160, such as an array.
  • the relay device 130a demultiplexes the upstream optical from the ONU 110 into the burst receiving module 134 through the wavelength division multiplexing device 132, and passes the downstream optical signal S4 (dl) through the wavelength division multiplexing device 132. Reuse to ⁇ 1.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing device 132 can be omitted, and the uplink optical signal of the corresponding optical interface is directly input to the burst receiving. Module 134.
  • the relay device 130a in the local node 140-n and the relay device 130a in the local node 140-1 operate at different wavelengths, but the two can be implemented on the device. The same is true, for the sake of simplicity, 130a in 140-n is not repeated.
  • the optical multiplexing device 160 multiplexes the upstream optical signals from one or more local nodes, such as the local nodes 140-1, ..., 140-n, into the backbone segment fiber 174, and the upstream optical signal passes through the backbone segment fiber 174. Transfer to the central node 180.
  • the upstream optical signal transmitted in the main segment fiber 174 in the system shown in FIG. 1A includes n optical signals of wavelengths ⁇ ... ⁇ , and the main segment fiber 174 may further include amplification of the n optical signal.
  • Light-emitting device is amplification of the n optical signal.
  • the central node 180 receives the upstream optical signal from the backbone segment fiber 174. Specifically, the central node 180 is connected.
  • the optical demultiplexing device such as the arrayed waveguide grating AWG3, demultiplexes the optical signals of the plurality of wavelengths of the autonomous dry segment fiber 174 into n optical signals of corresponding wavelengths ⁇ ... ⁇ , and demultiplexes the ⁇ Luminous signal input to 1 uplink receiving array (US Rx
  • optical demultiplexing device and the uplink receiving array in the central node 180 may be integrated receiving devices.
  • an optical amplifier 170 may be disposed on the trunk segment fiber 172 for amplifying the downlink optical signal and the uplink seed optical signal; or an optical amplifier 176 may be disposed on the trunk segment fiber 174. , used to amplify the upstream optical signal.
  • the optical amplifier 170 can simultaneously amplify the downlink optical signal and the uplink seed optical signal of the plurality of channels.
  • the optical amplifiers 170 and 176 can be selected according to the uplink and downlink wavelength ranges. For example, for C-band and L-band light, Erbiu m Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) or Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (Semiconductor Optical) can be used.
  • EDFA Erbiu m Doped Fiber Amplifier
  • Semiconductor Optical Amplifier semiconductor Optical
  • the relay device 130a of the system shown in FIG. 1A includes one or more optical amplifying modules, and at least part of the optical signals in the relay device 130a may be amplified, specifically including at least one of the following lights
  • the signal is subjected to optical power amplification processing: the optical signal S2 ⁇ dl is performed on both the downlink optical signal carrying the downlink data and the uplink seed optical signal,
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing a communication system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the relay device 130b included in the local node 140-1 of FIG. 1B includes a light receiving module 138 and a light emitting module 139.
  • the light receiving module 138 converts the optical signal S4 ( ⁇ ) into an electrical signal, and outputs an electrical signal to the light emitting module 139.
  • the light emitting module 139 is a light emitting device, and modulates the electrical signal input by the light receiving module 138 to generate and transmit another A wavelength of light signal S6 ( ⁇ 2).
  • the light receiving module 138 may include a light detecting module and a data recovery module.
  • the light receiving module 138 may be a module that integrates light detecting and data recovery functions. It should be noted that the other functions of the relay device 130a of FIG. 1A are equally applicable to the relay device 130b of FIG. 1B, and will not be described.
  • the optical signal in the downlink direction undergoes wavelength conversion, and the downlink between the local node 140-1, ..., 140-n and the terminal node 110 The wavelength can be reused.
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic illustration of a communication system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the local device 140-1 of FIG. 1C includes a relay device 130c that provides four user-side interfaces, each user-side interface connects 32 terminal nodes, and the maximum user is extended from 32.
  • the relay device 130c includes four receiving circuits, each of which includes a light receiving module 134 for performing photodetection and burst clock data recovery processing on the upstream optical signal, and outputting an electrical signal.
  • the four light receiving modules 13 4 are input to the modulation module through the multiplexing module 142 (i.e., Mux).
  • the multiplexing module 142 multiplexes the electrical signals output by the four light receiving modules 13 4 into one electrical signal.
  • four transmit paths are included in the downstream direction, i.e., the data receiving module 138 is coupled to the four light emitting modules 139 via a demultiplexing module 144 (i.e., Demux).
  • the receiving module 138 converts the optical signal S4 ( ⁇ ) into an electrical signal
  • the demultiplexing module 144 demultiplexes the electrical signal from the receiving module 138 into four electrical signals, and each electrical signal is input to a light emitting module.
  • each light emitting module 139 generates and transmits an optical signal S6 ( ⁇ 2) according to the received electrical signal.
  • the light receiving module 138 may include a light detecting module and a data recovery module. Similarly, the light receiving module 138 may also be a module that integrates light detecting and data recovery functions.
  • the upstream receiving array at the central node 180 (US Rx
  • the MAC processing module processes, wherein the number of demultiplexed electrical signals is determined according to a user side interface provided by the local node or according to the PON
  • the MAC processing module decides.
  • the central node 180 can multiplex the electrical signals of the plurality of PON MAC processing modules into one path through the multiplexing module (ie, Mux), and then pass the downlink transmission array (DS LD).
  • An interface of Array is sent out, wherein the number of multiplexed channels is determined according to the user side interface provided by the local node or according to the PON
  • the MAC processing module decides. It is to be noted that the other functions of the relay device of FIGS. 1A and 1B are equally applicable to the relay device 130c of FIG. 1C, and will not be described.
  • the low-speed transmission can be converted into high-speed transmission in the uplink direction, for example, four channels of about 1.25 Gbps uplink transmission are converted into one channel of about 5 Gbps uplink transmission; in the downlink direction, high-speed transmission can be converted to low speed. Transmission, as will be all the way The downlink transmission of about 10 Gbps is converted into 4 downlink transmissions of about 2.5 Gpbs, and the rate is flexibly adapted.
  • the relay 130c can also provide only uplink rate adaptation or only downlink rate adaptation.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of uplink and downlink wavelength planning transmitted on the backbone segment fiber 170 shown in FIG. 1A, IB, and 1C according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the central node 180 may be the central optical line terminal of the next generation passive optical network, i.e., NG-PON
  • OLT OLT
  • the wavelength plan divides the C-band into two segments, the uplink and the downlink for DWDM transmission.
  • the interval between the upstream band and the downstream band can be designed to be just the free spectral region of the optical demultiplexing device 162 (Free Spectral)
  • Range, FSR is an integer multiple relationship, so that dl and ul are output on the same port, and ⁇ and un are output on the same port.
  • the number of ports of AWG1 and AWG2 is the same.
  • ⁇ and ⁇ can also be designed to output from one port. If so, the number of ports on the AWG1 is twice that of the AWG2.
  • all NG-PON are NG-PON
  • the uplink of the ONU uses a uniform wavelength (such as 1270 nm) to directly receive the downstream light of the C-band from the NG-PON OLT in the downlink direction.
  • a uniform wavelength such as 1270 nm
  • FIG. 3 another communication system is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication system provides a fusion of a long-distance access system (60 to 100 km) and a typical optical access system (up to 20 km).
  • the communication system 300 includes terminal nodes 310, 315, a local node 340, and a central node 380, wherein the terminal nodes 310, 315 are connected to the local node 340 through the ODN 320, and the local node 340 passes through the backbone segment fiber and the central node 380. connection.
  • 1A, 1B, and 1C have substantially the same functions
  • the ODN 320 and the ODN 120 have the same function
  • the functions 130a, 130b, and 130c are substantially the same
  • the central node 380 and the central node 180 shown in Figs. 1A, 1B, and 1C have substantially the same function
  • the function of 162 is the same
  • the optical multiplexing device 360 has the same function as the optical multiplexing device 160 shown in Figs.
  • the conventional access system shown in FIG. 3 is a GPON system, and the terminal node includes GPON.
  • the ONU includes a local optical line terminal 350 corresponding to the GPON system in the local node 340, such as GPON-0 LT.
  • the system 300 provides a wavelength division multiplexing device 352, such as a wavelength division multiplexing device WDM3, which multiplexes the downstream optical signal of the GPON-OLT and the downstream optical signal output by the relay device 330 to the PON1, and
  • the upstream optical signal of the PON1 is demultiplexed into two paths, one for the GPON-OLT and the other for the relay device 330.
  • the local optical line terminal 350 and the terminal node 315 in the system shown in FIG. 3 are not limited to the GPON system, but may also be an Ethernet-based passive optical network EPON, GEPONs 10GEP ON, etc. It is a passive optical network APON, BPON, etc. based on asynchronous transmission mode.
  • the wavelength planning of the backbone fiber 372 in the system shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the wavelength planning of the backbone fiber 172 in the system shown in FIG. 2, and the backbone fiber 374 is used to transmit the upstream optical signal.
  • the access segment ONU
  • 315 uses the standard 1310nm upstream wavelength and 1490nm downstream wavelength; all ONU
  • the uplink of 310 is a uniform wavelength, such as 1270 nm, and the ONU 310 is subordinate to the central node 380.
  • the wavelength of the optical signal received by the ONU 310 is related to the relay device 330, that is, the ONU.
  • the 310 may receive the downlink optical signal transparently transmitted by the relay device 330, and may also receive the downlink optical signal processed by the relay device 330 by photoelectric conversion and electro-optic conversion.
  • wavelength blocking filter 315 needs to configure the wavelength blocking filter (wavelength blocking
  • the central node 380 is a Metro-OLT of the NG-PON system
  • the ONU 310 is an NG-ONU
  • ONU can only receive optical signals in the range of 1480nm ⁇ 1500nm, blocking all other optical signals, thus ensuring that GPON ONU315 is not affected by the newly added NG-PON.
  • WBF can be designed according to ITU-T G.984.5.
  • the GPON in the system shown in Figure 3 can guarantee the smooth evolution from GPON to NG-PON, and the access network and the metropolitan area network can be seamlessly integrated.
  • the GPON OLT of the traditional GPON network is usually installed in the equipment room. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is called a local equipment room, GPON.
  • the local equipment room where the OLT is located (that is, the equipment room where the local node 340 is located as shown in Figure 3) is configured to add the relay device 33 0 and WDM3 (WDM3 can be deployed in the deployment of the GPON network), and the NG-PON is deployed at the location of the central node 380.
  • the OLT deploys AWG1, AWG2, and trunk segment transmission fibers between the local node 340 and the central node 380, wherein the optical transmission infrastructure can be deployed in advance. Then, replace the GPON ONU of the GPON user who needs the bandwidth upgrade with NG-PON.
  • the ONU can replace the GPON ONU.
  • the ONU can replace the GPON ONU.
  • the OLT is completely shut down, thus achieving a smooth evolution of GPON to NG-PON.
  • the local equipment room (local node 340) can be removed, and all the relay devices can be centrally placed in a local cabinet or a street cabinet, thereby realizing the length of the access network and the metropolitan area network.
  • the distance is seamlessly integrated, which effectively reduces the operation and maintenance costs.
  • FIGS. 4A-4G are schematic diagrams of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the devices 400a - 400g are capable of providing relay functions between the terminal node 110 and the central node 380 of the system of Figs. 1A, IBs 1C and 3, corresponding to the relay devices 130a, 130b, 130c and the relay device 330.
  • the device 400a includes at least a burst receiving module 404 and a modulation module 406.
  • the burst receiving module 40 4 is configured to perform photodetection and burst clock data recovery processing on the first optical signal S1) from the terminal node to recover the data electrical signal;
  • the modulation module 406 is coupled to the burst
  • the receiving module 404 is coupled to the optical interface that is connected to the central node, and receives the data electrical signal from the burst receiving module 404 and the uplink seed optical signal S5 ⁇ ul from the central node, respectively, and modulates the data electrical signal to the uplink.
  • the modulated optical signal S3 ⁇ ul) is obtained on the seed optical signal S5 ⁇ ul).
  • the modulation module 406 is coupled to the optical interface that interfaces with the central node through the wavelength division multiplexing device 410, and receives the uplink seed light from the central node.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing device 410 can also separate the downlink optical signal S4 (dl) carrying the downlink data from the optical interface that is connected to the central node, and transmit the downlink optical signal S4 (dl) through the passive optical network.
  • the relay device 330 is provided with a wavelength division multiplexing device 402.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing device 402 includes three connection ends, one end coupled to the burst receiving module 404, one end coupled to the wavelength division multiplexing device 410, and the other end.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing device 402 can multiplex the optical signal output by the wavelength division multiplexing device 410 to the optical interface that interfaces with the passive optical network, and
  • the optical interface of the optical network is optically demultiplexed to the burst receiving module 404.
  • the relay device 330 can provide a channel amplification function, for example, coupled to the optical amplification device 418 at the input end of the wavelength division multiplexing device 410, or between the wavelength division multiplexing device 4 10 and the wavelength division multiplexing device 402.
  • the optical amplifying device 412 is provided, or the optical amplifying device 414 is disposed between the wavelength division multiplexing device 410 and the modulation module 406 , or the optical amplifying device 416 is disposed at the output end of the modulation module, or the optical amplifying devices 412, 414, 416 are provided. Any combination of 418; or modulation module 406 can select a modulation module having an amplification function.
  • the device 400b of FIG. 4B has two interfaces at the input of the downstream optical signal, and each interface corresponds to one optical signal.
  • the optical signal S4(dl) carrying the downlink data is directly coupled from one of the interfaces and coupled to the wavelength division multiplexing device 402 via the optical amplifying device 412; used as the uplink seed optical signal S5(ul)
  • the input is coupled directly from another interface or coupled to modulation module 406 via optical amplification device 414.
  • the downstream optical signal received by the device 400c of the device 400c at the downstream optical signal input end includes only one wavelength of the optical signal S2 (dl), and the device 400c includes the optical branching device 420 (Splitter, SPL).
  • the optical power of the optical signal S2 (dl) is split into two paths S4 (dl), S5 (dl), and one optical signal S4 ⁇ dl) is directly coupled or coupled to the wavelength division multiplexing device 402 by the optical amplifying device 412.
  • the other optical signal S5 ⁇ dl) is directly coupled or indirectly coupled to the modulation module 406 by the optical amplifying device 414, and the modulation module 406 outputs the optical signal S3 (dl) having a wavelength of dl.
  • the device 400d of FIG. 4D has a downlink output interface and an uplink input interface, and carries an optical signal of downlink data S4 ⁇ dl)
  • the optical output device 412 can be directly coupled to the downlink output interface of the device 400, and the upstream optical signal is coupled directly from the uplink data interface to the burst receiving module 404.
  • the device 400e of FIG. 4E uses a modulation module 408 having an optical amplification function, half of the figure.
  • the conductor optical amplifier SOA is capable of directly performing optical amplification and modulation on the ascending seed light S5 (ul).
  • the device 400f of FIG. 4F provides a photoelectric conversion and electro-optical conversion function in the downlink direction, for example, optical detection and data recovery processing of the optical signal S4 ⁇ dl by the light receiving module 414, and outputting the data electrical signal to
  • the light emitting module 416 generates and transmits the optical signal according to the received data electrical signal.
  • the light receiving module 414 can include a light detecting module and a data recovery module.
  • the light receiving module 414 can be integrated light. Module for probing and data recovery functions.
  • the wavelength of the light in the downstream direction is converted from the input terminal ⁇ to the output terminal ⁇ 2, so that the downstream wavelength of the user side can be reused.
  • the device of Fig. 4G 400g provides four uplink path multiplexing in the uplink direction and four channel demultiplexing in the downlink direction.
  • the four optical receiving modules 404 are coupled to the modulation module 406 through the multiplexing module 42 0 (Mux) to implement multiplexing of four 1.25 Gbps data electrical signals into one payload (payload). 5 Gbps data electrical signal;
  • the optical receiving module 414 is coupled to the four optical transmitting modules 416 through a demultiplexing device 422 (Demux), and demultiplexes a data electrical signal with a payload of about 10 Gbps into 4 channels of 2.5Gbps data electrical signals.
  • Device 400g may also include various amplification modules of device 400a.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the relay device 500a includes a chirp clock extraction module 540 that extracts a chime clock from the downstream optical signal and uses the extracted chirp clock as a reference clock for uplink reception and/or transmission.
  • the cuckoo clock extraction module 540 couples a part of the optical signal from the downstream optical signal, performs optical detection on the coupled optical signal, and recovers the line cuckoo clock, and the cuckoo clock extraction module 540 can process the recovered line cuckoo clock. If the downlink frequency is inconsistent, frequency adaptation or the like can be performed.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing device 502 of the relay device 500a and the wavelength division multiplexing device 402 have the same function, and the optical amplifying devices 512, 514, and 516 have the same functions as the optical amplifying devices 412, 414, and 416, respectively, and the wavelength division multiplexing device 510 and the wavelength division.
  • the multiplexing device 410 has the same function.
  • Burst receiving module 504 performs the function of burst receiving module 404, which is an external modulator.
  • the upstream optical signal S10) is divided into WDM1 and enters the optical detection module, and the analog electrical signal output by the optical detection module passes through the transimpedance amplifier (Tnmsimpedance).
  • Amplifier, LA (not shown in the TIA and LA diagrams), then recovered by the burst clock and data recovery module
  • the electrical signal is recovered and the recovered upstream data is input to the external modulator 506.
  • S2 ⁇ dl ⁇ ul) is amplified by the optical amplifying means 518 to input WDM2.
  • the uplink seed optical signal S5 ⁇ ul outputted by the WDM2 is input to the external modulator 506 through an optical amplifying device 51 4, such as a semiconductor optical amplifier SOA, and the external modulator 506 modulates the recovered uplink electrical signal to the uplink seed optical signal.
  • modulating the obtained uplink optical signal S3 ⁇ ul) through the optical interface that is connected to the backbone segment fiber.
  • the optical signal S4 ⁇ d1 of the WDM2 output carrying the downlink data is amplified by the optical amplifying means 512 and input to WDM1.
  • the above-described optical amplifying devices 512, 514, 516 and 518 are optional components.
  • the embodiment couples a small portion of the light from the downstream optical signal for extracting the reference clock. Specifically, a part of the light is coupled from the optical signal outputted by the optical amplifying device 512 to perform photoelectric conversion through the optical detecting module of the chirp clock extracting module 540, and the electrical signal output by the optical detecting module is input to the chirp clock processing of the chirp clock extracting module 540.
  • the unit, the reference clock is extracted by the clock extraction unit, and the extracted reference clock can be provided to the burst data recovery module for uplink burst reception and/or to the modulation module for uplink burst transmission.
  • the light required by the cuckoo clock extraction module is not limited to the optical signal output from the optical amplifying device 512, and may be an optical signal before the wavelength division multiplexing device 510.
  • Figure 5A uses an external modulation module with the advantage of high-rate burst transmission.
  • the modulation is performed by using an SOA having a direct modulation function.
  • SOA with direct modulation function is more difficult to achieve high-rate burst transmission than external modulation.
  • the light detecting module may be a photodetector PIN or APD
  • the burst clock and data recovery module may be a Burst mode Clock and Data Recovery (BCDR) circuit
  • It can be an Electro-absorption Modulator (EA) or a lithium niobate modulator (LiNb03).
  • FIGS. 6A-6D are schematic diagrams showing a local node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • local nodes 640a, 640b 640c, and 640d include relay 630 and wavelength division multiplexing device 652 and local optical line terminal 650.
  • the relay device 630 refers to the relay devices 130, 330, 400a - 400g, 500a, 500b and will not be further described.
  • Wavelength division multiplexing device 652, such as WDM3, will be Local-OLT
  • the downlink optical signal of the 650 (such as GPON-OLT) and the downlink optical signal output by the relay device 630 are multiplexed into the passive optical network, and the upstream optical signals of the passive optical network are demultiplexed into two paths, and one channel is provided to the L. OC al-OLT 650, the other way is provided to the relay device 630.
  • the uplink and downlink data electrical domain multiplexing module Mux and the demultiplexing module Demux provided by the embodiments of the present invention are exemplified below with reference to FIG. 1C and FIG. 4G. Based on GPON encapsulation mode (GPON Encapsulation)
  • the 2.48832Gbps downstream frame of the OLT follows the optical transport network recommended by G.709 (Optical Transport)
  • the multiplexing and mapping protocol of the interface is multiplexed into a downlink data frame with a serial bit rate of approximately 10.70 923 Gbps through Mux, through DS LD
  • a transmitter element of the Army is modulated into an optical signal to generate a downstream optical signal.
  • the Demux of the relay performs the reverse demultiplexing operation, regaining 4 standard GPON downlink data frames with a bit rate of 2.48832 Gbps.
  • Each standard GPON downlink data frame with a bit rate of 2.48832 Gbps is modulated into an optical signal of wavelength 1490 nm by the optical transmitting module, and then transmitted to the GPON ONUo through the WDM1 in the uplink direction, and the uplink signals of the ONUs from the four different GPON networks are respectively respectively.
  • the 1.244 16Gpbs uplink burst data is filled into the 2.48832 Gbps data stream by bit filling, and the 4-way 2.48832 Gbps is passed through the Mux.
  • the data stream is multiplexed into a serial bit rate of approximately 10.70923 Gbps, then modulated into the seed light S5 from the central node and transmitted back to the central node, where the center node 180 recovers 1.24416 Gbps by demultiplexing and de-filling bit operations.
  • the uplink data frames are sent to different GPO N MACs for processing.
  • an optical transmission method including: receiving a first optical signal from a first optical network device (the terminal node shown in FIG. 1) and a second optical network device (FIG. 1) a second optical signal showing the central node; transmitting a fourth optical signal of the second optical signal to the first optical network device; converting the first optical signal into an electrical signal and modulating to the second And transmitting, on the fifth optical signal of the optical signal, the modulated third optical signal to the second node.
  • the converting the first optical signal into an electrical signal and then modulating the fifth optical signal to the second optical signal comprises: performing photodetection and bursting of the first optical signal
  • the data recovery process modulates the recovered electrical signal to the fifth optical signal of the second optical signal.
  • the method further includes at least one of: after receiving the second optical signal from the second node, performing optical power amplification on the second optical signal as a whole; and on the second optical signal Before the fifth optical signal is subjected to modulation processing, optical power amplification is performed on the fifth optical signal; Before the fourth optical signal of the optical signal is sent to the first node, optical power amplification is performed on the fourth optical signal; before the third optical signal is sent to the second node, modulation is obtained The third optical signal is subjected to optical power amplification.
  • the method further includes: extracting a reference clock from the second optical signal; wherein the reference clock is used for a reference chirp of the burst clock recovery process, and/or for performing modulation processing The reference to the cuckoo clock.
  • An optical network node where the optical network node is connected to an optical network terminal node by using a local node; the optical network node sends a first wavelength optical signal to the local node, and a second a wavelength optical signal, where the first wavelength optical signal carries data transmitted to the optical network terminal node, and the second wavelength optical signal is used as a seed optical signal for the local node to perform modulation processing.
  • the optical network node sends at least two of the second wavelength optical signals to the corresponding local node by wavelength division multiplexing.
  • the GPON-OLT and GPON-ONU mentioned in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may also be an EPON-OLT or an EPON-ONU, where the local-OLT can be either a GPON-OLT or an EPON. - OLT.
  • the communication system of the embodiment of the present invention can further improve the transmission distance, reduce the number of central equipment rooms, and promote the integration of the access network and the metropolitan area network.
  • the deployed 20-kilometer EPON/GPON can be seamless. Smoothly evolve to a longer-distance, higher-rate next-generation PON (NG-PON).

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种光通信系统、装置和方法,其中,该光通信系统包括至少一个中继装置,所述中继装置的一端耦接到至少一个终端节点,另一端耦接到中心节点,实现所述终端节点和中心节点之间的双向通信;所述中继装置,用于接收来自所述终端节点的第一光信号,并接收来自所述中心节点的第二光信号;所述中继装置,从所述第一光信号恢复出数据电信号后调制到所述第二光信号的至少部分光信号上,并将调制得到的第三光信号发送给所述中心节点。采用本发明实施例的方案,中继装置可以不需要上行光源,节约光源,而且使波长分配更灵活。

Description

说明书 一种光通信系统、 装置和方法
[1] 本申请要求于 2008年 5月 9日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 CN200810066992.2，发 明名称为"一种光通信系统、 装置和方法"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容 通过引用结合在本申请中。
[2] 技术领域
[3] 本发明涉及光网络通信领域， 具体涉及一种光通信系统、 装置和方法。
[4] 发明背景
[5] 传统的基于铜线的宽带接入网， 由于铜线基础设施的日益老化， 正面临大规模 的铜缆的替换和更新， 运维成本逐年上升； 另一方面， 用户的带宽需求日益增 长， 基于铜线的宽带接入技术， 如 ADSL, VDSL, VDSL2, VDSL
2+等， 所能提供的带宽与其传输距离成反比， 即带宽越大， 其有效的传输距离 随之迅速缩短； 另一方面， 无线宽带接入网， 如 WiMAX, 虽然在带宽方面与有 线接入网相比稍有逊色， 但其凭借其天然的、 无缝渗透的、 低单用户网络建设 成本和运行维护成本的无线媒介资源， 对运维包袱日益沉重的有线宽带接入网 构成巨大的威胁。 为了降低运维成本， 基于玻璃光纤的无源光网络， 如 EPON, GPON, 因其使用寿命长、 受外部环境噪声干扰小、 带宽资源巨大等优点， 固定 宽带接入网正向光进铜退演进。 光纤无源宽带接入网相比于铜线宽带接入网有 一个显著的区别点， 就是其覆盖范围大大增加， 传统的无源光网络可以覆盖 20 公里的距离， 而铜线宽带接入网通常覆盖最多 3公里左右的距离。 为了进一步缩 减中心机房数量从而缩减运维成本， 长距离无源光网络 (Long Reach PON, LR-PON)的研究获得了大量的关注。 长距离无源光网络的传输距离可以远大于传 统的无源光网络的覆盖距离， 即长距离无源光网络的传输距离可以远大于 20公 里。
[6] 发明内容
[7] 本发明实施例提供了一种光通信系统、 装置和方法， 釆用本发明实施例的方案
， 能够提供光信号的中继传输， 延长光通信系统传输距离， 节省光源、 便于系 统扩展。
[8] 本发明实施例提供一种光通信系统， 包括至少一个中继装置， 所述中继装置的 一端耦接到至少一个终端节点， 另一端耦接到中心节点， 实现所述终端节点和 中心节点之间的双向通信； 所述中继装置， 用于接收来自所述终端节点的第一 光信号， 并接收来自所述中心节点的第二光信号； 所述中继装置， 从所述第一 光信号恢复出数据电信号后调制到所述第二光信号的至少部分光信号上， 并将 调制得到的第三光信号发送给所述中心节点。
[9] 本发明实施例还提供一种通信装置， 所述通信装置接收来自第一节点的第一光 信号和来自第二节点的第二光信号； 所述通信装置包括接收模块和调制模块， 其中， 所述接收模块， 用于从来自所述第一节点的第一光信号恢复出数据电信 号， 并将所述数据电信号发送给所述调制模块； 所述调制模块， 用于将所述数 据电信号调制到所述第二光信号的至少部分光信号中， 并把调制得到的第三光 信号发送给所述第二节点。
[10] 本发明的实施例还提供一种光传输方法， 该方法包括： 接收来自第一节点的第 一光信号和来自第二节点的第二光信号； 所述第二光信号包括第四光信号和第 五光信号； 将所述第四光信号发送给所述第一节点； 从所述第一光信号恢复出 数据电信号， 将恢复出的数据电信号调制到所述第五光信号上， 将调制得到的 第三光信号发送给所述第二节点。
[11] 由上述本发明实施例提供的技术方案可以看出， 釆用本发明实施例的方案， 中 继装置可以不需要上行光源， 节约光源， 而且使波长分配更灵活。
[12] 附图简要说明
[13] 图 1A、 图 IB和图 1C为本发明实施例提供的接入系统示意图；
[14] 图 2为本发明实施例提供的主干段波长规划示意图；
[15] 图 3为本发明实施例提供的融合接入系统示意图；
[16] 图 4A— 4G为本发明实施例提供的中继装置示意图；
[17] 图 5A和图 5B为本发明实施例提供的中继装置示意图；
[18] 图 6A— 6D为本发明实施例提供的本地节点示意图。
[19] 实施本发明的方式 为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面结合附图对本发明实施例 作进一步的详细描述。
图 1A、 图 IB和图 1C为根据本发明实施例提供的通信系统示意图。 如图 1A所示 ， 通信系统 100a包括终端节点 110、 本地节点 140-1、 140-2...140-n
和中心节点 180。 终端节点 110为位于终端用户驻地的设备， 包括光网络终端 （0 ptical Network Terminal, ΟΝΤ) 或光网络单元 (Optical Network
Unit, ONU) ， ONT和 ONU的区别为 ONT直接位于用户端， 而 ONU与用户间还 有其它的网络如以太网， 如无特别说明， 下文统一用 ONU表示； 本地节点 140-1 、 140-2...140-n为覆盖局部地区的接入局点， 例如， 可以设置在离用户端设备 10 〜20km的本地机房、 本地机柜、 街边机柜、 交换箱 （Cabinet) 的任意一种， 如 无特别说明， 本地节点统一用 140表示； 中心节点 180可以设置在中心机房 （Metr o机房） ， 例如， 中心节点 180可以设置在离本地节点 140约 40〜80km的位置， 中 心节点 180充当上层网络节点 （图中未示出） 和本地节点的中间节点， 当然， 中 心节点 180也可以直接连接终端节点 110 (图中未示出） 。 另外， 终端节点 110通 过光分酉己网（Optical Distribution Network,
ODN)120与本地节点 140连接， 本地节点 140通过主干段光纤 172/174与中心节点 1 80连接， 其中的光分配网 (Optical Distribution Network,
ODN)120包括无源光器件， 如光纤、 光分支元件、 光滤波器等， ODN120可以包 括多个级联的分支元件。
图 1A示意性给出一个中心节点 180 (图 1A中的 Metro-OLT) 连接到 n个本地节点 140 (图 1A中的 140-l，..，140-n) ' 作为一种应用方式， n个本地节点 140(即图 1A中 的 140-1， ...... ,140-n)也可以位于同一个接入局点的机房里， 不过应当理解， 本地 节点 140-1， ......， 140-n的布放位置不影响本发明实施例的实施。 每一个本地节 点提供一个用户侧接口， 该用户侧接口通过无源光网络连接 32个终端节点 110， 如图 1A中本地节点 140-1通过无源光网络 PON1连接终端节点用 ONU101...ONU13 2, 本地节点 140-n通过无源光网络 PONn连接终端节点用 ONUn01...ONUn32。 无 源光网络 PONl...PONn是分支网络， 包括光分配网 （ODN) ， 能够将来自本地 节点 140的光按光功率分成 32个支路， 并能够将来自 ONUn01...ONUn32的光合并 成一路。
[23] 图 1A中， 中心节点 180具有下行发送阵列 （DS Tx
Array) ， 用于发送承载有下行数据的光信号， 优选的， 中心节点 180还具有上行 激光器阵列 （US LD
Array) ， 用于给本地节点 140提供种子光信号， 本地节点 140可以将上行数据调 制到中心节点 180提供的种子光信号， 下行发送阵列和上行激光器阵列生成的光 信号通过波分复用装置 WDM4复用到主干段光纤 172上， 其中主干段光纤 172上 传输的下行光信号可以包括 n个上行波长和 n个下行波长。 主干段光纤 172上传输 的光信号通过光解复用装置 162， 如阵列波导光栅 AWG1进行波长分离处理， 光 解复用装置 162输出 n对光 S2( dlAul) ...... S2( dn, un), 每对光包含两个波长的光
， 每对光提供给对应的一个本地节点， 具体波长规划将在下文结合示例具体说 明。 本发明实施例中本地节点 140和中心节点 180之间上下行光信号承载在不同 光纤中， 上行激光器阵列生成的种子光信号 （波长为 λνι1...λνιη) 通过主干段光纤 172与下行发送阵列生成的承载有下行数据的下行光信号 （波长为 dl.. Adn) — 起传输， 可以避免种子光信号与上行调制光在主干段光纤 174上进行单纤双向传 输吋存在的后向瑞利散射 (Rayleigh Back Scattering， RBS)、 反射等问题。
[24] 本地节点 140-1从光解复用装置 162接收光信号， 通过波分复用装置 137 (如 WD M2) 将接收到的光信号分成两路， 一路输出为承载有下行数据的波长为 λάΐ的光 信号 S4^dl)， 另一路为作为种子光信号的波长为 λνιΐ的光信号 S5^ul 本地节点 140-1对光信号 S4( dl)在光域上进行透传， 即不进行光电变换、 电光变换等处理 。 光信号 S4( dl)通过波分复用装置 132 (如 WDM1) 复用到 ΡΟΝ1。 波长为 λυΐ的 光信号作为本地节点 140-1的上行种子光信号， 输入给调制模块 136。 值得注意的 是， 如果 PON1的 ODN120与本地节点 140-1之间的光纤 122釆用双纤分别承载上 下行光信号， 可以省去波分复用装置 132， 直接将下行光信号通过对应的光纤接 口发送。
[25] PON1相当于广播网络， 将来自本地节点 140-1的光功率分成 32个支路。
[26] ONU101...ONU132分别接收来自 ODN120对应支路的光信号， 从光信号中接收 属于自己的数据。 [27] 在上行方向上， 当某个 ONU需要向上发送数据吋， 在属于自己的吋隙发送波长 为 λΐ光信号， 例如 λΐ为 1270nm， ONU的发送吋隙可以由中心节点 180指派， 可以 参考 APON、 GPON和 EPON等系统的吋隙分配方法， 不再赞述。
[28] ODN120将来自 ONU101...ONU132的上行光复用到本地节点 140-1。
[29] 本地节点 140-1通过 ODN120接收来自 ONU101...ONU132的光信号 Sl^l) , 其中 Sl^l)中可以包含 32个 ONU吋分复用的光信号。
[30] 本地节点 140-1包括中继装置 130a， 用于对来自 PON1的上行光信号进行光电变 换处理， 并将用光电变换处理后的电信号调制到来自中心节点 180的种子光信号 S5^ul)上。 由于 PON1系统上行光信号为突发信号， 中继装置 130a通过突发接收 模块 134对上行光信号进行光电探测和突发吋钟数据恢复处理， 输出电信号给调 制模块 136。 具体的， 可以由突发接收模块 134中的光探测模块对上行光信号的 光电探测处理， 由突发接收模块 134中的突发数据恢复模块恢复数据， 输出电信 号。 调制模块 136将输入的电信号调制到波长为 λνιΐ的种子光信号 S5( ul)上， 得 到调制后的波长为 λνιΐ的光信号 S3^ul 光信号 S3^ul)输入光复用装置 160， 如 阵列波导光栅 AWG2。 图 1A中， 中继装置 130a通过波分复用装置 132将来自 ONU 110的上行光解复用出来输入突发接收模块 134， 并通过该波分复用装置 132将下 行光信号 S4( dl)复用到 ΡΟΝ1。 值得注意的是， 如果 PON1中 ODN120与本地节点 140之间釆用双纤分别承载上下行光信号， 可以省去波分复用装置 132， 对应的 光纤接口的上行光信号直接输入到突发接收模块 134。
[31] 另夕卜， 在图 1A中， 本地节点 140-n中的中继装置 130a与本地节点 140-1中的中继 装置 130a虽然工作在不同的波长， 但二者在设备实现上可以完全相同， 为简洁方 便， 140-n中的 130a未重复画出。
[32] 光复用装置 160将来自一个或多个本地节点， 如本地节点 140-1， ...， 140-n的上 行光信号复用到主干段光纤 174， 上行光信号通过主干段光纤 174传输到中心节 点 180。 在图 1A所示的系统中主干段光纤 174中传输的上行光信号包括 n路波长分 别为 λνιΐ ...λνιη的光信号， 在主干段光纤 174中还可以进一步包括对 η路光信号进行 放大的光放设备。
[33] 中心节点 180接收来自主干段光纤 174的上行光信号。 具体的， 中心节点 180通 过光解复用装置， 如阵列波导光栅 AWG3将来自主干段光纤 174的多个波长的光 信号解复用成 n路相应波长 λνιΐ ...λνιη的光信号， 并将解复用后的 η路光信号输入至 1 上行接收阵列 （US Rx
Array) 进行接收处理。 值得注意的是， 中心节点 180中的光解复用装置和上行接 收阵列可以为集成接收装置。
优选的， 在图 1A所示的系统中， 在主干段光纤 172上可以设置光放大器 170， 用 于放大下行光信号和上行种子光信号； 也可以在在主干段光纤 174上可以设置光 放大器 176， 用于放大上行光信号。 例如， 光放大器 170可以对多个通道的下行 光信号和上行种子光信号同吋放大。 光放大器 170和 176的选型可以根据上下行 波长范围而定， 例如， 对于 C波段和 L波段的光可以釆用惨铒光纤放大器 （Erbiu m Doped Fiber Amplifier, EDFA) 或半导体光放大器 (Semiconductor Optical
Amplifier, SOA) 。
[35] 优选的， 在图 1A所示的系统的中继装置 130a包括一个或多个光放大模块， 可以 对中继装置 130a中至少部分光信号进行放大处理， 具体包括对如下至少一种光信 号进行光功率放大处理： 对承载有下行数据的下行光信号和上行种子光信号的 都进行光信号 S2^dl，
λνιΐ)放大， 对承载有下行数据的下行光信号 S4( dl)进行光放大， 对上行种子光 信号 S5( ul)进行光放大， 对调制后的光信号 S3( ul)进行光放大。 具体实现将在 下文进一步描述。
[36] 图 1B示意性给出了本发明另一实施例的通信系统示意图。 与图 1A的中继装置 1 30a不同， 图 1B本地节点 140-1包含的中继装置 130b包括光接收模块 138和光发射 模块 139。 光接收模块 138将光信号 S4 (λάΐ) 转换成电信号， 输出电信号给光发 射模块 139， 光发射模块 139为光发射装置， 对光接收模块 138输入的电信号进行 调制以生成并发送另一个波长的光信号 S6 (λ2) 。 具体的， 光接收模块 138可以 包括光探测模块和数据恢复模块， 同样的， 光接收模块 138可以是集成光探测和 数据恢复功能的模块。 值得注意的是， 图 1A的中继装置 130a具有的其他功能同 样适用于图 1B的中继装置 130b， 不再赞述。 另外， 在中继装置 130b中下行方向 的光信号经过波长变换， 本地节点 140- 1， …， 140-n与终端节点 110之间的下行 波长可以重用。
图 1C示意性给出了本发明另一实施例的通信系统示意图。 与图 1B的中继装置 1 30b不同， 图 1C的本地节点 140-1包含的中继装置 130c提供 4个用户侧接口， 每个 用户侧接口连接 32个终端节点， 将最大用户从 32个扩展到 128个。 在上行方向上 ， 中继装置 130c包括 4个接收电路， 每一个接收电路包括光接收模块 134， 对上行 光信号进行光电探测和突发吋钟数据恢复处理， 输出电信号。 4个光接收模块 13 4通过复用模块 142 (即 Mux) 输入到调制模块。 复用模块 142将 4个光接收模块 13 4输出的电信号复用成一路电信号。 同样的， 在下行方向上包括 4个发射通路， 即数据接收模块 138通过解复用模块 144 (即 Demux) 连接到 4个光发射模块 139。 具体的， 接收模块 138将光信号 S4 (λάΐ) 转换成电信号， 解复用模块 144将来自 接收模块 138的电信号解复用成 4路电信号， 每一路电信号输入到一个光发射模 块 139， 每一个光发射模块 139根据接收到的电信号生成并发送光信号 S6 (λ2)
。 具体的， 光接收模块 138可以包括光探测模块和数据恢复模块， 同样的， 光接 收模块 138也可以是集成了光探测和数据恢复功能的模块。 相应的， 在中心节点 180的上行接收阵列 （US Rx
Array) 输出每一个本地节点的上行电信号， 再通过解复用模块 （即 Demux) 解 复用成多路电信号后送给相应的 PON
MAC处理模块处理， 其中， 解复用的电信号的路数根据本地节点提供的用户侧 接口决定或根据 PON
MAC处理模块决定。 相应的， 在下行方向上， 在中心节点 180能够将多个 PON MAC处理模块的电信号通过复用模块 （即 Mux) 复用成一路， 然后通过下行发 送阵列 （DS LD
Array) 的一个接口发送出去， 其中， 复用的路数根据本地节点提供的用户侧接 口决定或根据 PON
MAC处理模块决定。 值得注意的是， 图 1A和图 1B的中继装置具有的其他功能同 样适用于图 1C的中继装置 130c， 不再赞述。 另外， 在中继装置 130c中在上行方 向可以将低速传输转变成高速传输， 如将 4路约 1.25Gbps的上行传输转变成一路 约 5Gbps的上行传输； 在下行方向， 可以将高速传输转变成低速传输， 如将一路 约 lOGbps的下行传输转变成 4路约 2.5Gpbs的下行传输， 实现速率灵活适配； 中 继装置 130c也可以只提供上行的速率适配或只提供下行的速率适配。
[38] 如图 2所示为本发明实施例图 1A、 IB和 1C所示主干段光纤 170上传输的上下行 波长规划示意图。 图 1A通信系统 100a、 100b 100c中， 中心节点 180可以是下一 代无源光网络的中心光线路终端， 即 NG-PON
OLT; ONU101...ONU132... , ONUn01...ONUn32是下一代无源光网络的光网络 单元， 即 NG-PON
ONU。 该波长规划把 C波段分成上行和下行两段进行 DWDM传输。 为了节省光 解复用装置 162的端口数， 如 AWG1的端口数， 在 DWDM波长划分吋， 可以把上 行波段和下行波段的间隔设计成刚好与光解复用装置 162的自由光谱区 (Free Spectral
Range, FSR)成整数倍关系， 从而可使得 dl和 ul在同一端口输出， λοΐη和 un在 同一端口输出 ......， 这样， AWG1和 AWG2的端口数相同。 λοΐΐ和 λυΐ也可设计为 各从一个端口输出， 若这样的话， AWG1的端口数是 AWG2的两倍。 在接入段， 所有 NG-PON
ONU的上行釆用统一的波长 (如 1270nm)， 在下行方向， 直接接收来自 NG-PON OLT的 C-band的下行光。
[39] 如图 3所示为本发明实施例提供的另一种通信系统， 该通信系统提供长距离接 入系统 （60〜100km) 和典型光接入系统 （最大可传输 20km) 的融合。 如图 3所 示， 通信系统 300包括终端节点 310、 315 , 本地节点 340和中心节点 380， 其中， 终端节点 310、 315通过ODN320与本地节点340连接， 本地节点 340通过主干段光 纤与中心节点 380连接。 图 3所示的系统中， 终端节点 310和图 1A、 IB和 1C所示 终端节点 110功能基本相同， ODN320和 ODN120功能相同， 中继装置 330和图 1A 、 1B和 1C所示的中继装置 130a、 130b和 130c功能基本相同， 中心节点 380和图 1A 、 1B和 1C所示的中心节点 180功能基本相同， 光解复用装置 362和图 1A、 IB和 1C 所示的光解复用装置 162功能相同， 光复用装置 360和图 1A、 IB和 1C所示的光复 用装置 160功能相同， 光放大装置 370、 376和图 1A、 IB和 1C所示的光放大装置 1 70功能相同。 例如， 图 3所示的传统接入系统为 GPON系统， 终端节点包括 GPON 系统的用户终端 315， 如 GPON
ONU, 在本地节点 340中包括 GPON系统对应的本地光线路终端 350， 如 GPON-0 LT。 系统 300提供了波分复用装置 352， 如波分复用装置 WDM3 , 波分复用装置 3 52将 GPON-OLT的下行光信号和中继装置 330输出的下行光信号复用到 PON1， 并将 PON1的上行光信号解复用成两路， 一路提供给 GPON-OLT, 另一路提供给 中继装置 330。
[40] 值得注意的是， 图 3所示系统中本地光线路终端 350和终端节点 315构成系统不 仅限于 GPON系统， 还可以是基于以太网的无源光网络 EPON、 GEPONs 10GEP ON等， 也可以是基于异步传输模式的无源光网络 APON、 BPON等。
[41] 图 3所示系统中主干段光纤 372的波长规划和图 2所示系统中主干段光纤 172的波 长规划相同， 主干段光纤 374用于传输上行光信号。 在接入段， ONU
315釆用标准的 1310nm的上行波长和 1490nm的下行波长； 所有 ONU
310的上行釆用统一的波长， 如 1270nm， ONU 310从属于中心节点 380， ONU 310接收到的光信号的波长与中继装置 330有关， 即 ONU
310可以接收由中继装置 330透传的下行光信号， 也可以接收经中继装置 330光电 变换和电光变换处理的下行光信号。 ONU 310和 ONU
315需要配置波长阻塞滤波器 (wavelength blocking
filter, WBF)用于阻塞不属于自己的下行波长。 本发明实施例中， 中心节点 380为 NG-PON系统的 Metro-OLT， ONU310为 NG-ONU, 图 3中 ONU 315
的 WBF使得 GPON
ONU只能接收 1480nm~1500nm范围内的光信号， 阻塞掉所有其它光信号， 从而 保证 GPON ONU315不受新增加的 NG-PON
ONU310的影响， 实现 GPON与 NG-PON在同一个 ODN网络中的和平共存， 具体 的， WBF可参照 ITU-T G.984.5标准进行设计。
[42] 值得注意的是， 图 3所示的系统中 GPON可以保证由 GPON向 NG-PON的平滑演 进， 实现接入网与城域网无缝地融合。 如图 3所示， 传统 GPON网络的 GPON OLT通常设置在机房， 在本发明实施例中称为本地机房， GPON
OLT端口下面连接多个 GPON ONU。 当 GPON OLT下的第一个用户的带宽需求超出 GPON所能提供的带宽容量吋， 只需在 GPO N
OLT所在的本地机房 （即图 3所示本地节点 340所在的机房） 设置增加中继装置 33 0和 WDM3(WDM3可在部署 GPON网络吋提前部署)， 在中心节点 380所在位置增 加部署 NG-PON
OLT, 在本地节点 340和中心节点 380之间部署 AWG1、 AWG2和主干段传输光纤 等， 其中， 这些光传输基础设施可提前部署。 然后， 把需要带宽升级的 GPON用 户的 GPON ONU替换成 NG-PON
ONU, 就实现了第一个 GPON用户的带宽升级。 当同一个 GPON
OLT端口下的其它 GPON用户也需要升级吋， 只需简单地用 NG-PON
ONU替换 GPON ONU即可。 当 GPON OLT端 Π下最后一个 GPON
ONU都升级到 NG-PON后， 就可以把本地机房中的 GPON
OLT彻底地关闭， 从而实现 GPON向 NG-PON的平滑演进。 当所有 GPON
OLT都关闭后， 由于本地机房只剩下中继装置， 所有的汇聚设备都集中到 NG-P
ON
OLT所在的中心节点中， 因此， 可以把本地机房 (本地节点 340)撤掉， 把所有中 继装置集中放置在某一个本地机柜或街边机柜里， 从而实现接入网与城域网的 长距离无缝融合， 有效降低运维成本。
[43] 图 4A - 4G为本发明实施例提供的通信装置示意图。 装置 400a - 400g能够提供 图 1A、 IBs 1C和图 3所示系统的终端节点 110和中心节点 380之间的中继功能， 对应中继装置 130a、 130b、 130c和中继装置 330。
[44] 图 4A中， 装置 400a至少包括突发接收模块 404、 调制模块 406。 突发接收模块 40 4， 用于对来自终端节点的第一光信号 Sl^l)进行光电探测和突发吋钟数据恢复 处理， 恢复出数据电信号； 调制模块 406—端耦接到突发接收模块 404， 另一端 耦接到与中心节点对接的光接口， 分别接收来自突发接收模块 404的数据电信号 和来自中心节点的上行种子光信号 S5^ul)， 将数据电信号调制到上行种子光信 号 S5^ul)上， 得到调制后的上行光信号 S3^ul)。 优选的， 调制模块 406通过波分 复用装置 410耦接到与中心节点对接的光接口， 接收来自中心节点的上行种子光 信号 S5( ul)。 波分复用装置 410还可以从与中心节点对接的光接口中分离出承载 有下行数据的下行光信号 S4( dl)， 并将下行光信号 S4( dl)通过无源光网络发送 。 优选的， 中继装置 330设置有波分复用装置 402， 波分复用装置 402包括三个连 接端， 一端耦接到突发接收模块 404， 一端耦接到波分复用装置 410， 另一端耦 接到与无源光网络对接的光接口， 波分复用装置 402能够将波分复用装置 410输 出的光信号复用到与无源光网络对接的光接口， 并将与无源光网络对接的光接 口的光解复用到突发接收模块 404。 优选的， 中继装置 330可提供通道放大功能 ， 例如， 在波分复用装置 410输入端耦接光放大装置 418， 或者在波分复用装置 4 10和波分复用装置 402之间设置有光放大装置 412， 或者在波分复用装置 410和调 制模块 406之间设置有光放大装置 414， 或者在调制模块输出端设置由光放大装 置 416， 或者上述光放大装置 412、 414、 416、 418的任意组合； 或者调制模块 40 6可以选择具有放大功能的调制模块。
[45] 与图 4A相比， 图 4B装置 400b在下行光信号输入端具有两个接口， 每一个接口 对应一路光信号。 例如， 承载有下行数据的光信号 S4( dl)从其中一个接口输入 后直接耦接或通过光放大装置 412耦接到波分复用装置 402; 用作上行种子光信 号 S5( ul)
从另一个接口输入后直接耦接或通过光放大装置 414耦接到调制模块 406。
[46] 与图 4A相比， 图 4C装置 400c在下行光信号输入端接收到的下行光信号只包括 一个波长的光信号 S2( dl)， 装置 400c中包括光分路装置 420 (Splitter, SPL) ， 将光信号 S2( dl)的光功率分成两路 S4( dl)、 S5( dl), 一路光信号 S4^dl) 直接耦接或通过光放大装置 412耦接到波分复用装置 402， 另一路光信号 S5^dl) 直接耦接或通过光放大装置 414间接耦接到调制模块 406， 调制模块 406输出波长 为 dl的光信号 S3( dl)。
[47] 与图 4B相比， 图 4D装置 400d具有一个下行输出接口和一个上行输入接口， 承 载有下行数据的光信号 S4^dl)
可以直接耦接或通过光放大装置 412耦接到装置 400的下行输出接口， 上行光信 号 Sl^l)直接从上行数据接口耦接到突发接收模块 404。
[48] 与图 4A相比， 图 4E装置 400e釆用具有光放大功能的调制模块 408， 如图中的半 导体光放大器 SOA， 能够对上行种子光 S5( ul)直接进行光放大和调制的同吋处 理。
[49] 与图 4A相比， 图 4F装置 400f在下行方向提供光电变换和电光变换功能， 如通过 光接收模块 414对光信号 S4^dl)进行光探测和数据恢复处理， 输出数据电信号给 光发射模块 416， 光发射模块 416根据接收到的数据电信号生成并发送光信号 2 具体的， 光接收模块 414可以包括光探测模块和数据恢复模块， 同样的， 光 接收模块 414可以是集成光探测和数据恢复功能的模块。 下行方向的光波长从输 入端 λάΐ变换成输出端 λ2， 使得用户侧的下行波长可重用。
[50] 与图 4F相比， 图 4G装置 400g在上行方向提供 4个上行通路复用， 在下行方向提 供 4个通路解复用。 具体的， 在上行方向上， 4个光接收模块 404通过复用模块 42 0 (Mux) 耦接到调制模块 406， 实现将 4路 1.25Gbps数据电信号复用成一路有效 载荷 （payload) 约为 5Gbps的数据电信号； 在下行方向上， 光接收模块 414通过 解复用装置 422 (Demux) 耦接到 4个光发射模块 416， 将一路有效载荷 （payload ) 约 lOGbps的数据电信号解复用成 4路 2.5Gbps的数据电信号。 装置 400g也可以 包括装置 400a的各放大模块。
[51] 图 5A为本发明实施例提供的另一实施例的装置示意图。 与中继装置 400a-400g 不同， 中继装置 500a包括吋钟提取模块 540， 从下行光信号中提取吋钟， 将提取 的吋钟作为上行接收和 /或发送的参考吋钟。 例如， 吋钟提取模块 540从下行光信 号中耦合出一部分光信号， 对耦合出的光信号进行光探测并恢复出线路吋钟， 吋钟提取模块 540可以对恢复出的线路吋钟进行处理， 如上下行频率不一致可进 行频率适配等。 中继装置 500a的波分复用装置 502和波分复用装置 402功能相同， 光放大装置 512、 514、 516分别和光放大装置 412、 414、 416功能相同，波分复用 装置 510和波分复用装置 410功能相同。 突发接收模块 504完成突发接收模块 404 的功能， 调制模块 506为外部调制器。
[52] 图 5A中， 上行光信号 S10 )经过 WDM1分波， 进入光探测模块， 光探测模块输 出的模拟电信号经过跨阻放大器 （Tnmsimpedance
Figure imgf000014_0001
Amplifier, LA) (TIA和 LA图中未示出） ， 然后通过突发吋钟和数据恢复模块恢 复出电信号， 恢复出的上行数据输入外部调制器 506。 S2^dl^ul)经过光放大装 置 518放大输入 WDM2。 WDM2输出的上行种子光信号 S5^ul)通过光放大装置 51 4， 如半导体光放大器 SOA, 放大后输入外部调制器 506; 外部调制器 506将恢复 出的上行电信号调制到上行种子光信号， 并将调制得到的上行光信号 S3^ul)通 过与主干段光纤对接的光接口发送出去。 WDM2输出的承载有下行数据的光信 号 S4^dl)通过光放大装置 512放大后输入 WDM1。 值得注意的是， 上述光放大装 置 512、 514、 516和 518为可选元件。 优选的， 为了降低 BCDR的难度及复杂度， 本实施例从下行光信号中耦合出很小一部分光用于提取参考吋钟。 具体的， 从 光放大装置 512输出的下行光信号中耦合出一部分光通过吋钟提取模块 540的光 探测模块完成光电变换， 光探测模块输出的电信号输入到吋钟提取模块 540的吋 钟处理单元， 由吋钟提取单元提取参考吋钟， 提取的参考吋钟可提供给突发数 据恢复模块用于上行突发接收和 /或提供给调制模块用于上行突发发射。 其中， 吋钟提取模块需要的光不限于来自光放大装置 512输出的光信号， 也可以是从波 分复用装置 510之前的光信号。
[53] 图 5A中釆用外部调制模块， 具有高速率突发发射的优势。 当然， 也可以参考图 4E所示， 釆用具有直接调制功能的 SOA来调制。 考虑到 NG-PON的上行速率可能 达到 lOGbps并且是突发发射， 具有直接调制功能的 SOA实现高速率的突发发射 难度要比外部调制大。 图 5A、 5B中， 光探测模块可以为光电探测器 PIN或 APD ， 突发吋钟和数据恢复模块可为突发吋钟数据恢复（Burst mode Clock and Data Recovery, BCDR)电路， 外部调制器 506可为电吸收调制器 (Electro-absorption Modulator， EA)或铌酸锂调制器 (LiNb03)。
[54] 图 6A— 6D所示为本发明实施例提供的本地节点示意图。 图 6A— 6D中， 本地节 点 640a、 640b 640c和 640d包括中继装置 630和波分复用装置 652和本地光线路终 端 650。 中继装置 630参考中继装置 130、 330、 400a— 400g、 500a、 500b, 不再赞 述。 波分复用装置 652， 如波分复用装置 WDM3 , 将 Local-OLT
650 (如 GPON-OLT)的下行光信号和中继装置 630输出的下行光信号复用到无源光 网络， 并将无源光网络的上行光信号解复用成两路， 一路提供给 LOCal-OLT650 ， 另一路提供给中继装置 630。 下面参考图 1C和图 4G举例说明本发明实施例提供的上下行数据电域复用模块 Mux和解复用模块 Demux。 以基于 GPON封装模式 （GPON Encapsulation
Figure imgf000016_0001
OLT的 2.48832Gbps的下行帧按照 G.709建议的光传送网 （Optical Transport
Network, OTN) 接口的复用与映射协议通过 Mux复用成串行比特速率约为 10.70 923Gbps的下行数据帧， 通过 DS LD
Army的一个发射元调制到一个光信号中生成下行光信号。 在本地节点中， 中继 装置的 Demux进行相反的解复用操作， 重新获得 4个比特速率为 2.48832Gbps的标 准 GPON下行数据帧。 每一个比特速率为 2.48832Gbps的标准 GPON下行数据帧分 别通过光发射模块调制到波长 1490nm的光信号中， 再通过 WDM1传输给 GPON ONUo 在上行方向， 来自四个不同 GPON网络的 ONU的上行信号分别通过 WDM 1进入相应的光探测模块和突发数据恢复模块完成上行数据的恢复处理， 把 1.244 16Gpbs的上行突发数据通过比特填充的方式填补成 2.48832Gbps的数据流， 通过 Mux把 4路 2.48832Gbps的数据流复用成串行比特速率约为 10.70923Gbps， 然后调 制到来自中心节点的种子光 S5中并传输回中心节点， 在中心节点 180通过解复用 及去填充比特操作， 恢复出 1.24416Gbps的上行数据帧， 并分别送给不同的 GPO N MAC处理。
[56] 根据本发明实施例， 提供一种光传输方法， 具体包括： 接收来自第一光网络装 置 （图 1所示终端节点） 的第一光信号和来自第二光网络装置 （图 1所示中心节 点） 的第二光信号； 将所述第二光信号的第四光信号发送给所述第一光网络装 置； 将所述第一光信号转换成电信号后调制到所述第二光信号的第五光信号上 ， 将调制得到的第三光信号发送给所述第二节点。
[57] 其中， 所述将所述第一光信号转换成电信号后调制到所述第二光信号的第五光 信号具体包括： 将所述第一光信号进行光电探测和突发吋钟数据恢复处理， 将 恢复出的电信号调制到所述第二光信号的所述第五光信号。
[58] 所述方法进一步包括如下至少一种： 在接收到来自所述第二节点的第二光信号 之后， 对所述第二光信号整体进行光功率放大； 在对所述第二光信号的所述第 五光信号进行调制处理前， 对所述第五光信号进行光功率放大； 在将所述第二 光信号的所述第四光信号发送给所述第一节点之前， 对所述第四光信号进行光 功率放大； 在将所述第三光信号发送给所述第二节点之前， 对调制得到的所述 第三光信号进行光功率放大。
[59] 所述方法进一步包括： 所述第二光信号中提取参考吋钟； 其中， 所述参考吋钟 用于突发吋钟数据恢复处理的参考吋钟， 和 /或用于进行调制处理的参考吋钟。
[60] 根据本发明实施例提供的一种光网络节点， 所述光网络节点通过本地节点连接 到光网络终端节点； 所述光网络节点向所述本地节点发送第一波长光信号和第 二波长光信号， 所述第一波长光信号承载有传输给所述光网络终端节点的数据 ， 所述第二波长光信号用作所述本地节点进行调制处理的种子光信号。 所述光 网络节点将至少两个所述第二波长光信号通过波分复用方式发送给相应的所述 本地节点。
[61] 值得注意的是， 本发明实施例上文中提到的 GPON-OLT、 GPON-ONU, 也可以 是 EPON-OLT、 EPON-ONU, 其中 local-OLT既可以 GPON-OLT, 也可以是 EPON -OLT。
[62] 釆用本发明实施例的通信系统， 可进一步地提高传输距离， 缩减中心机房的数 量， 促进接入网与城域网的融合， 已部署的 20公里的 EPON/GPON能够无缝、 平 滑地演进到更长距离、 更高速率的下一代 PON(NG-PON)。
[63] 以上所述， 仅为本发明的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易想到变化 或替换， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应该以 权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求书
[1] 一种光通信系统， 其特征在于： 所述光通信系统包括至少一个中继装置， 所述中继装置的一端耦接到至少一个终端节点， 另一端耦接到中心节点， 实现所述终端节点和中心节点之间的双向通信；
所述中继装置， 用于接收来自所述终端节点的第一光信号， 并接收来自所 述中心节点的第二光信号；
所述中继装置， 从所述第一光信号恢复出数据电信号后调制到所述第二光 信号的至少部分光信号上， 并将调制得到的第三光信号发送给所述中心节 点。
[2] 根据权利要求 1所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
所述第二光信号包括波长不同的第四光信号和第五光信号， 所述第四光信 号用于承载传输给所述终端节点的数据， 所述第五光信号用作所述中继装 置的种子光信号；
所述中继装置， 将从所述第一光信号中恢复出的数据电信号调制到所述第 五光信号上以得到所述第三光信号。
[3] 根据权利要求 2所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
所述中继装置进一步进行如下至少一种光功率放大处理： 对所述第二光信 号整体进行光功率放大， 对所述第四光信号进行光功率放大， 对所述第五 光信号进行光功率放大， 对所述第三光信号进行光功率放大。
[4] 根据权利要求 1所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
所述中继装置进一步从所述第二光信号中耦合出第一部分光信号传输给所 述终端节点；
所述中继装置， 进一步从所述第二光信号中耦合出第二部分光信号， 将从 所述第一光信号中恢复出的数据电信号调制到所述第二部分光信号上以得 到所述第三光信号。
[5] 根据权利要求 4所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
所述中继装置进一步进行如下至少一种光功率放大处理： 对所述第二光信 号整体进行光功率放大， 对所述第一部分光信号进行光功率放大， 对所述 第二部分光信号进行光功率放大， 对所述第三光信号进行光功率放大。
[6] 根据权利要求 1所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
所述中继装置从所述第二光信号中提取吋钟，
所述吋钟用于所述中继装置对第一光信号进行吋钟和数据恢复处理吋的参 考吋钟， 和 /或用于所述中继装置进行调制处理吋的参考吋钟。
[7] 根据权利要求 1所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于： 所述光通信系统还包括本 地光线路终端装置和波分复用装置， 所述中继装置和所述本地光线路终端 装置通过所述波分复用装置连接到所述终端节点。
[8] 根据权利要求 7所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
所述终端包括第一终端节点和第二终端节点， 其中，
所述中心节点通过所述中继装置与所述第一终端节点进行数据交互； 所述本地光线路终端与所述第二终端节点进行数据交互；
所述本地节点接收到的来自所述第一终端节点的光信号的波长不同于接收 到的来自所述第二终端节点的光信号的波长。
[9] 根据权利要求 1所述的光通信系统， 其特征在于：
至少两个所述中继装置与所述中心节点通过波分复用方式通信。
[10] 一种通信装置， 其特征在于：
所述通信装置， 用于接收来自第一节点的第一光信号和来自第二节点的第 二光信号；
所述通信装置包括接收模块和调制模块， 其中，
所述接收模块， 用于从来自所述第一节点的第一光信号恢复出数据电信号
， 并将所述数据电信号发送给所述调制模块；
所述调制模块， 用于将所述数据电信号调制到所述第二光信号的至少部分 光信号中， 并把调制得到的第三光信号发送给所述第二节点。
[11] 根据权利要求 10所述的通信装置， 其特征在于：
来自所述第一节点的所述第一光信号的波长与所述第三光信号的波长不同
[12] 根据权利要求 11所述的通信装置， 其特征在于： 所述通信装置进一步包括吋钟提取模块， 所述吋钟提取模块用于从所述第 二光信号的至少部分光信号中提取吋钟；
所述吋钟提供给所述接收模块作为吋钟和数据恢复处理的参考吋钟， 和 /或 提供给所述调制模块作为调制处理的参考吋钟。
[13] 根据权利要求 10至 12中任一项所述的通信装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二光 信号包括承载了所述第一节点的数据的第四光信号， 以及包括用作所述通 信装置的种子光信号的第五光信号， 所述第四光信号和所述第五光信号波 长不同； 其中，
所述第四光信号和所述第五光信号分别从所述通信装置的两个接口输入， 或者所述第四光信号和所述第五光信号从所述通信装置的同一个接口输入
[14] 根据权利要求 13所述的通信装置， 其特征在于， 所述通信装置进一步包括 分光模块， 所述分光模块从所述通信装置接收到的第二光信号分出相应波 长的光信号并输入所述调制模块。
[15] 根据权利要求 14所述的通信装置， 其特征在于， 所述通信装置进一步包括 对所述通信装置接收到的所述第二光信号整体进行光功率放大的光放大装 置； 或
对所述第二光信号的部分光信号进行光功率放大的光放大装置； 或 对所述调制模块调制后的所述第三光信号进行光功率放大的光放大装置。
[16] 一种光传输方法， 其特征在于：
接收来自第一节点的第一光信号和来自第二节点的第二光信号， 所述第二 光信号包括第四光信号和第五光信号；
将所述第四光信号发送给所述第一节点；
从所述第一光信号恢复出数据电信号， 将恢复出的数据电信号调制到所述 第五光信号上， 将调制得到的第三光信号发送给所述第二节点。
[17] 根据权利要求 16所述的光传输方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法进一步包括如 下至少一种： 在接收到来自所述第二节点的第二光信号之后， 对所述第二光信号整体进 行光功率放大；
在对所述第二光信号的所述第五光信号进行调制处理前， 对所述第五光信 号进行光功率放大；
在将所述第二光信号的所述第四光信号发送给所述第一节点之前， 对所述 第四光信号进行光功率放大；
在将调制得到的所述第三光信号发送给所述第二节点之前， 对所述第三光 信号进行光功率放大。
[18] 根据权利要求 16所述的光传输方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法进一步包括： 从所述第二光信号中提取吋钟； 其中， 所述吋钟用于突发吋钟数据恢复处 理的参考吋钟， 和 /或用于进行调制处理的参考吋钟。
[19] 一种光网络节点， 其特征在于， 所述光网络节点通过若干个中继装置连接 到若干个光网络终端节点；
所述光网络节点向所述中继装置发送第一波长光信号和第二波长光信号， 所述第一波长光信号承载传输给所述光网络终端节点的数据， 所述第二波 长光信号用作所述中继装置进行调制处理的种子光信号。
[20] 根据权利要求 19所述的光网络节点， 其特征在于， 所述光网络节点通过波 分复用方式将所述第一波长光信号和所述第二波长光信号发送给相应的所 述中继装置。
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