WO2010000144A1 - 具有短路自锁功能的断路器 - Google Patents

具有短路自锁功能的断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010000144A1
WO2010000144A1 PCT/CN2009/070833 CN2009070833W WO2010000144A1 WO 2010000144 A1 WO2010000144 A1 WO 2010000144A1 CN 2009070833 W CN2009070833 W CN 2009070833W WO 2010000144 A1 WO2010000144 A1 WO 2010000144A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
button
circuit
self
electromagnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2009/070833
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
万家盛
汪志强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hubei Shengjia Wiring Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hubei Shengjia Wiring Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 200810048307 external-priority patent/CN101620957B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008101460793A external-priority patent/CN101645375B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008100488486A external-priority patent/CN101656180B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2009100607278A external-priority patent/CN101807498B/zh
Priority to JP2011515069A priority Critical patent/JP5444336B2/ja
Priority to MX2011000148A priority patent/MX2011000148A/es
Priority to AU2009266231A priority patent/AU2009266231A1/en
Application filed by Hubei Shengjia Wiring Co Ltd filed Critical Hubei Shengjia Wiring Co Ltd
Priority to EP09771914.0A priority patent/EP2309528A4/en
Priority to BRPI0913668A priority patent/BRPI0913668A2/pt
Publication of WO2010000144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010000144A1/zh
Priority to US12/845,783 priority patent/US8334739B2/en
Priority to ZA2011/00071A priority patent/ZA201100071B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/526—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever the lever forming a toggle linkage with a second lever, the free end of which is directly and releasably engageable with a contact structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/58—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by push-button, pull-knob, or slide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2445—Electromagnetic mechanisms using a reed switch

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a low voltage electrical appliance, in particular to a circuit breaker having a short circuit self-locking function. Background technique
  • the circuit breaker currently used (commonly known as the air switch) is mainly composed of a casing, an operating handle, a self-locking linkage lever, a trip linkage, an action arm and an operating point (contact) (Fig. 1), and the working process is:
  • the operating handle causes the self-locking linkage rod to move the action arm, so that the contact is connected with the output metal piece to complete the switch closing process, and the self-locking linkage rod cooperates with the trip linkage device to complete the closed self-locking (Fig. 2).
  • a short circuit action mechanism and a bimetal protection mechanism are also provided in the existing circuit breaker, and the working process is: when the current flowing through the circuit breaker exceeds a certain value of the rated circuit, a short circuit occurs (generally rated current) When the current is ten times), the overcurrent line in the short-circuiting mechanism causes the action lever of the short-circuiting mechanism to actuate the lower end of the tripping linkage to rotate the trip linkage, and the self-locking linkage is disengaged from the trip linkage to complete the disconnection
  • the device is disconnected for protection purposes;
  • the working process of the bimetal protection mechanism is: when the current flowing through the circuit breaker exceeds a certain value of the rated circuit (generally twice the rated current), the bimetal is deformed and touched off When the buckle linkage device rotates, the self-locking linkage lever is separated from the trip linkage device to complete the breaker disconnection, thereby achieving the purpose of protection.
  • a short-circuit self-locking mechanism is provided in the circuit breaker.
  • the short-circuit self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking mechanism and a resetting mechanism, and the self-locking mechanism is a mechanism for controlling the tripping linkage to maintain a short-circuit protection state, and the resetting mechanism is a mechanism for returning the tripping linkage to an original state.
  • the short-circuit self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking mechanism and a resetting mechanism, and the self-locking mechanism is a mechanism for controlling the action lever action of the short-circuit action mechanism to actuate and hold the trip linkage device, and the reset mechanism is to restore the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism.
  • the original state of the institution includes a self-locking mechanism and a resetting mechanism, and the self-locking mechanism is a mechanism for controlling the action lever action of the short-circuit action mechanism to actuate and hold the trip linkage device, and the reset mechanism is to restore the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism. The original state of the institution.
  • the short circuit self-locking mechanism is arranged in the circuit breaker according to the invention, the invention can not directly close the circuit breaker after the short circuit breaker is disconnected, so as to remind the operator of a short circuit accident, the cause should be identified and the problem solved. Reclose the circuit breaker.
  • the invention increases the short-circuit self-locking function while retaining all the functions of the original circuit breaker, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art that the circuit breaker is burned or the fire is caused by reclosing the circuit breaker after the short circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the current conventional circuit breaker disconnection state.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the conventional circuit breaker in a closed state.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the current three-phase molded case circuit breaker.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the closed state of the current three-phase molded case circuit breaker.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the closed state of the embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the closed state of the embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed state according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed state according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a closed state according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state of the embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state in the embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state of the embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state of the embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state in the embodiment 12 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state of the embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state of the embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • Figure 32 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a self-locking state according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a block diagram showing the structure of the disconnected state in the embodiment 15 of the present invention.
  • Figure 34 is a block diagram showing the structure of a self-locking state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 35 is a schematic view showing the structure of the disconnected state of the embodiment 16 of the present invention.
  • Figure 36 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a self-locking state in the embodiment 16 of the present invention.
  • Figure 37 is a schematic view showing the structure of a short circuit self-locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 38 is a side elevational view of the short circuit self-locking mechanism of the embodiment 16 of the present invention.
  • Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the reed switch control electromagnet of the present invention.
  • Figure 40 is a schematic diagram of the sensor control electromagnet control circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 41 is a schematic diagram of the electric control self-locking control circuit of the reed switch of the present invention.
  • Figure 42 is a schematic diagram of the sensor electronically controlled self-locking control circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 43 is a schematic diagram of the direct control electromagnet circuit of the three-phase reed switch of the present invention.
  • Figure 44 is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the three-phase reed switch control electromagnet of the present invention.
  • Figure 45 is a schematic diagram of the electric control self-locking control circuit of the three-phase reed switch of the present invention.
  • the invention is constructed by additionally providing a short-circuit self-locking mechanism in the circuit breaker while retaining the original circuit breaker structure (all functions are unchanged), and the short-circuit self-locking mechanism comprises a self-locking mechanism and a resetting mechanism, and the self-locking mechanism It is a mechanism for controlling the trip linkage to maintain the overcurrent protection state, and the reset mechanism is a mechanism for returning the trip linkage to the original state.
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is composed of a lever provided with a magnetic metal at a lower end and a rotating lever hinged at a lower end of the circuit breaker casing.
  • the reset mechanism is composed of a button with a built-in compression spring and the rotating rod, wherein: the lever It is disposed beside the bimetal in the circuit breaker, the middle of the lever is hinged on the circuit breaker casing, the upper end of the lever is in contact with the upper side of the hinge point of the rotating rod, and the other side of the upper part of the rotating rod and the upper end of the trip linkage in the circuit breaker In contact with each other, a groove is arranged on the upper part of the rotating rod, and a convex piece is arranged at the lower end of the button.
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: When the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current passing through the bimetal is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, a strong magnetic field is generated around the bimetal, so that the magnetic metal is disposed at the lower end of the bimetal.
  • the lower end of the lever is attracted by the bimetal (if only the overcurrent occurs, the magnetic field strength generated around the bimetal cannot attract the magnetic metal at the lower end of the lever), the lever is rotated, and the upper end of the lever pushes the rotating rod to rotate, thereby pushing the trip linkage Rotation (same as short-circuit action mechanism)
  • the bump at the lower end of the button is disengaged from the groove in the upper part of the rotating rod, so that the inner pressing spring of the button is restored, and the bump at the lower end of the button moves up and rotates with the button.
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is composed of an electromagnet disposed in the circuit breaker casing, a reed switch, and a rotating rod hinged in the circuit breaker casing at the lower end.
  • the reset mechanism is the same as that in Embodiment 1, wherein: the reed pipe is disposed at Beside the wire inside the circuit breaker, the electromagnet is placed beside the rotating rod.
  • the coil of the electromagnet is connected in series with the reed switch and connected to the power input from the circuit breaker.
  • the arm of the electromagnet is in contact with the upper side of the hinge point of the rotating rod.
  • the other structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1 (Fig. 7).
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: When the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current in the wire passing through the circuit breaker is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, a strong magnetic field is generated around the wire, so that the reed switch beside the wire is attracted, and the electromagnetic The wire of the iron is energized, and the action arm of the electromagnet acts to push the rotating rod to rotate, thereby pushing the trip linkage to rotate (Fig. 8).
  • the other principles are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is composed of an electromagnet disposed in the circuit breaker casing, a sensor and a rotating rod hinged in the circuit breaker casing at the lower end.
  • the reset mechanism is the same as that in Embodiment 1, wherein: the sensor passes through the wire inside the circuit breaker The output of the sensor is connected to the control circuit, the control circuit controls the action of the electromagnet (Fig. 40), and the electromagnet is placed beside the rotating rod.
  • the other structure is the same as that of the embodiment 2 (Fig. 9).
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: When the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current in the wire passing through the circuit breaker is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, the sensor outputs a current signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit controls the line of the electromagnet. Electric, the action arm of the electromagnet acts to push the rotating rod to rotate, thereby pushing the trip linkage to rotate (Fig. 10).
  • the other principles are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is composed of an electromagnet and a reed switch disposed in the circuit breaker casing.
  • the action arm of the electromagnet is coupled to a long rod with a flange, and the end of the long rod is in contact with the upper end of the trip linkage rod in the circuit breaker;
  • the reset mechanism is formed by a button with a built-in compression spring and the long rod.
  • the inner end of the button is coupled to a long plate having a trapezoidal groove, and the long plate is disposed between the electromagnet and the trip linkage rod.
  • the trapezoidal groove in the long plate is a shallow groove near the electromagnet, and the deep groove is close to the trip linkage rod.
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: When the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current in the wire passing through the circuit breaker is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, a strong magnetic field is generated around the wire, so that the reed switch beside the wire is attracted, and the electromagnetic
  • the wire of the iron is energized, the action arm of the electromagnet acts, and the action arm drives the long rod to push the trip linkage to rotate (to disconnect the circuit breaker simultaneously with the short-circuit action mechanism), and at the same time, due to the movement of the long rod and the compression spring inside the button Recovery, so that the convex edge of the long rod is moved from the shallow groove of the long plate trapezoidal groove to the deep groove of the long plate trapezoidal groove, even if the circuit breaker is broken, because the convex edge of the long rod is the deep groove card of the long plate trapezoidal groove Live, can not be restored, even if the trip linkage is kept in the trip state, it cannot be restored, so that even
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is composed of an electromagnet, a sensor and a control circuit disposed in the circuit breaker casing, wherein the sensor passes through the wire inside the circuit breaker, the output of the sensor is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit controls the action of the electromagnet (Fig. 40
  • the other structure is the same as that of Embodiment 4 (Fig. 13).
  • the self-locking mechanism of the invention comprises an electromagnet, a reed switch and a reed switch electronic control self-locking control circuit (Fig. 41) arranged in the circuit breaker casing, the electromagnet and the reed switch and the electric control self-locking control circuit
  • the wire connection, the reset mechanism is composed of a switch button, and the reed switch is disposed beside the wire inside the circuit breaker, wherein the action arm of the electromagnet is in contact with the upper end of the trip linkage in the circuit breaker (Fig. 15).
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: When the circuit breaker is short-circuited, due to the wire passing through the circuit breaker The current in the circuit is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, and a strong magnetic field is generated around the wire to make the reed switch beside the wire.
  • the reed switch is controlled by the self-locking control circuit, and the electromagnet is energized.
  • the action arm moves, the action arm pushes the trip linkage to rotate (the circuit breaker is disconnected simultaneously with the short-circuit action mechanism), and remains in the trip state cannot be restored, so that even if the operation handle is closed, the circuit breaker cannot be closed.
  • Complete short circuit self-locking (Figure 16).
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is composed of an electromagnet, a sensor and a sensor electronically controlled self-locking control circuit (Fig. 42) disposed in the circuit breaker casing.
  • the reset mechanism is composed of a switch button, the sensor passes through the wire inside the circuit breaker, and the sensor The output is connected to an electronically controlled self-locking control circuit in which the actuating arm of the electromagnet is in contact with the upper end of the tripping linkage in the circuit breaker (Fig. 17).
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention comprises a magnetic actuating element which is a rotating plate, and a middle portion of the rotating plate is connected with a hinge shaft disposed on an inner wall of the casing, and the rotating plate can be wound around the The twisting shaft rotates; the first end of the rotating plate is provided with a magnetic block, which may be a magnet or an iron piece, or may be composed of a magnetic medium capable of being attracted by a magnetic field.
  • the reset mechanism includes: a trip trigger arm, which is a rod-like structure, the first end of which is a trigger end connected to the second end of the rotating plate, and the second end of the open circuit trigger arm is a reset button Extending to the outside of the housing, the breaking trigger arm is movable in a certain direction when in motion, and a button bump is further disposed on the disconnecting trigger arm, and the breaking trigger is The button bump on the arm abuts the trip linkage (Fig. 19).
  • FIG. 20 it is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present embodiment in the event of a short circuit.
  • a strong magnetic field is generated on the circuit line in the event of a short circuit accident.
  • the magnetic actuating element is a magnetic frame, and the magnetic frame is respectively provided with a magnetic medium block, and the magnetic medium block can be a magnet or an iron.
  • the sheet may also be composed of a magnetic medium containing a magnetic field attraction.
  • a breaking trigger arm which is a rod-like structure, the first end of which is a trigger end connected to the middle portion of the magnetic frame, and the second end of the breaking trigger arm extends to the top of the housing for resetting a button, wherein the circuit breaker trigger arm is moved in a certain direction when in motion, and a button bump is further disposed on the circuit breaker trigger arm, and the button bump on the trip trigger arm is The trip linkage is abutted (Fig. 21);
  • FIG. 22 it is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present embodiment in the event of a short circuit; in the event of a short circuit accident, a strong magnetic field is generated on the circuit line, and the magnetic frame immediately moves upward. That is, the linear displacement action is such that the magnetic medium block disposed thereon is attracted to the circuit, so that the circuit breaker trigger arm moves upward, and the reset button extends out of the casing to indicate a short circuit caused by the short circuit.
  • the button bump pushes the abutting portion of the trip linkage device, and the trip linkage device is further operated, even if the circuit is cut, the strong magnetic field generated by the short circuit disappears, but the circuit breaker trigger arm Due to the abutment of the spring in the reset button and the abutment of the button bump, the circuit breaker trigger arm cannot be automatically reset, so that the invention not only realizes the protection of the short circuit, but also forms a self-locking after the short circuit due to the clever structure. Only when the user presses the reset button can the rotating handle be re-closed to close the circuit breaker, which ultimately improves safety.
  • a bearing frame is disposed under the magnetic frame, and the bearing frame is disposed in the housing and passes through A spring is coupled to the lower end of the magnetic frame. Due to the action of the spring, the circuit generates a certain attractive force to the magnetic frame under the action of a magnetic field generated by an overcurrent, and the spring does not attract the circuit due to the action of the spring.
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is provided with a short-circuit detecting sub-unit and an electromagnetic actuating mechanism, wherein the short-circuit detecting sub-unit is used for detecting a short-circuit fault, and includes: a reed switch, the reed switch is disposed in the circuit breaker Beside the wire, when a short-circuit fault occurs, a strong magnetic field is generated, so that the contacts separated inside the reed switch are sucked.
  • the reset mechanism includes: an electromagnet, an armature end of the electromagnet is provided with an open circuit trigger arm, and a lower end of the open circuit trigger arm is connected with an armature of the electromagnet, and the upper end of the open circuit trigger arm After the reset button is triggered, the armature is moved upward to drive the disconnection trigger arm to move, and the trip trigger arm further has a button bump, and the open circuit trigger arm The upper button bump abuts the trip linkage (Fig. 23).
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the embodiment in the event of a short-circuit fault; in the event of a short-circuit accident, a strong magnetic field is generated on the circuit line, and the short-circuit detection sub-unit of the short-circuit detection unit
  • the contact of the tube is attracted to generate a trigger signal (the mechanism of the trigger signal generated, which will be described in the following circuit structure), so that the electromagnet in the electromagnetic action mechanism is connected to the signal to generate an electromagnetic action, so that The armature moves upward to move the trip triggering arm upward, and the reset button extends out of the circuit breaker casing to indicate the function, that is, the current state is an open circuit caused by a short circuit fault, and
  • the bump pushes the trip linkage device to operate the trip linkage device, and even if the circuit is cut, the strong magnetic field generated by the short circuit disappears, but the trip trigger arm is abutted by the spring and
  • the button protrusion pushes the second abutting portion,
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention is provided with a short-circuit detecting sub-unit and an electromagnetic actuating mechanism, wherein the short-circuit detecting sub-unit is used for short-circuit detection, and the method includes: a transformer, which is sleeved in the circuit breaker On the wire, when a short-circuit fault occurs, the current increases instantaneously, and the transformer will induce a voltage signal.
  • the electromagnetic action mechanism includes: an electromagnet, an armature end of the electromagnet is provided with an open circuit trigger arm, and a lower end of the open circuit trigger arm is connected with an armature of the electromagnet, and the open circuit triggers
  • the upper end of the arm is a reset button that extends outside the housing, and after the electromagnet is triggered, the armature moves upward to drive the open circuit trigger arm.
  • the trip trigger arm further has a button bump; the button bump on the trip trigger arm abuts the trip linkage (Fig. 25).
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second embodiment in the event of a short circuit fault; in the event of a short circuit accident, an induced voltage is generated on the coil of the transformer, thereby generating a trigger signal.
  • an action is generated to move the armature upward, thereby causing the disconnection trigger arm to move upward, and the reset button protrudes out of the outer casing, thereby Indicating, that is, indicating that the current state is an open circuit caused by a short circuit fault, and because the button bump pushes the trip linkage device, thereby causing the trip linkage device to operate, even if the circuit is cut, the short circuit is generated.
  • the self-locking mechanism of the invention is composed of a rotating arm, the middle section of the rotating arm is hinged on the outer casing of the circuit breaker, and a torsion spring is arranged on the rotating arm, and the lower end of the rotating arm is in contact with the action rod in the short-circuiting mechanism, and rotates
  • the upper end of the arm is provided with a protruding convex edge
  • the resetting mechanism is composed of a button with a built-in compression spring and the rotating arm, wherein the lower end of the button is provided with a convex block, and the pressing spring in the button is in the pressed state, the button
  • the lower end of the bump rests under the upper end of the swivel arm (Fig. 27).
  • the working principle of the embodiment is: when the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current in the short-circuit action mechanism is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, the action rod in the short-circuit action mechanism acts to drive the lower end of the trip linkage device, Thereby, the rotation of the trip linkage device is pushed to break the circuit breaker, and at the same time, the rotating arm is rotated by the action of the torsion spring on the rotating arm, and the lower end of the rotating arm is also in contact with the action rod in the short-circuiting mechanism, and the upper end of the rotating arm is The convex edge of the button is released from the upper end of the rotating arm by the rotation of the rotating arm, so that the inner pressing spring of the button is restored, and the convex portion at the lower end of the button is moved up with the button to the side of the upper end of the rotating arm (Fig.
  • the self-locking mechanism and the resetting mechanism of the present invention are composed of a button with a built-in compression spring, and a lower end of the button is provided with a bump.
  • the compression spring in the button is in a pressed state, the bump at the lower end of the button rests in the short-circuit action mechanism.
  • Below the action bar Figure 29).
  • the working principle of the embodiment is: when the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current in the short-circuit action mechanism is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, the action rod in the short-circuit action mechanism acts to drive the lower end of the trip linkage device, Thereby, the rotation of the trip linkage device is pushed to break the circuit breaker, and at the same time, due to the action of the action rod in the short-circuit action mechanism, the bump at the lower end of the button is disengaged from the lower side of the action rod, and the lower end of the button is under the recovery action of the pressure spring inside the button. The bump moves up so that the bump at the lower end of the button contacts the end of the action rod in the short-circuit action mechanism (Fig.
  • the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism is held by the bump at the lower end of the button
  • the recovery is not achieved, that is, the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism keeps the trip linkage in the trip state and cannot be restored, so that even if the operation handle is closed, the circuit breaker can not be closed, and the short-circuit self-locking is completed.
  • the recovery operation simply press the button to place the bump at the lower end of the button under the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism, and the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism can be restored, that is, the trip linkage lever is restored, and the operation can be closed again.
  • the handle closes the circuit breaker.
  • the self-locking mechanism and the resetting mechanism of the present invention are provided with a limit block on the outer casing mounting position of the circuit breaker so that the self-locking mechanism and the resetting mechanism can be stably fixed in the circuit breaker.
  • the invention can also be applied to a three-phase molded case circuit breaker (air switch):
  • the self-locking mechanism of the present invention comprises an electromagnet disposed in the circuit breaker casing, a reed switch and a rotating rod hinged in the circuit breaker casing at the lower end, and the upper end of the rotating rod is opposite to the upper end of the trip linkage in the circuit breaker.
  • the upper end of the contact linkage device is provided with a grooved extension rod, and the reset mechanism is composed of a button with a built-in pressure spring and the slotted extension rod, and a button is arranged at the lower end of the button.
  • the reed switch is disposed beside the wire inside the circuit breaker
  • the electromagnet is disposed beside the rotating rod
  • the electromagnet is twisted and dried.
  • the working principle of this embodiment is: When the circuit breaker is short-circuited, since the current in the wire passing through the circuit breaker is much higher than the rated current of the circuit breaker, a strong magnetic field is generated around the wire, so that the reed switch beside the wire is attracted, and the electromagnetic The wire of the iron is energized, and the action arm of the electromagnet acts to push the rotating rod to rotate, thereby pushing the trip linkage to rotate (while disconnecting the circuit breaker simultaneously with the short-circuit action mechanism), and at the same time, due to the rotation of the trip linkage device, Remove the bump at the lower end of the button from the slot of the extension rod, and restore the spring inside the button.
  • the bump at the lower end of the button moves up with the button and touches the extension rod (Fig. 32). Even after the breaker is disconnected, the rotary lever is restored. In the in-situ state, the trip linkage is maintained in the tripped state and cannot be restored, so that even if the operating handle is closed, the circuit breaker is not closed, and the short-circuit self-locking is completed. If the recovery operation is required, simply press the button to place the bump at the lower end of the button in the extension rod slot, and the trip linkage lever can be restored to close the operation handle again to close the circuit breaker.
  • the reed switch electric control self-locking control circuit of Embodiment 6 of the present invention can also be applied to a three-phase molded case circuit breaker (Fig. 33), and the structure thereof is completely the same, only the shape of the controlled trip linkage device is different, and the control is The circuit is modified to a three-phase control circuit ( Figure 45), and the principle is the same.
  • the sensor electronically controlled self-locking control circuit of the seventh embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to a three-phase molded case circuit breaker, and the control circuit is modified to a three-phase control circuit.
  • the self-locking mechanism and the resetting mechanism of the present invention are composed of a jacket, a reset button, a rotating sleeve and a movable block, wherein: the outer casing is fixed on the outer casing of the three-phase molded case circuit breaker, and the inner end of the outer sleeve of the outer casing is provided with the inner convex boss; The rotating sleeve and the movable block are disposed in the outer sleeve, and a transverse tension spring is disposed between the outer sleeve and the rotating sleeve, and the lower end of the movable block leaks out of the outer sleeve and is in contact with the action rod of the short-circuit action mechanism in the three-phase molded case circuit breaker, the movable block
  • the upper end is provided with a groove, and the upper edges of the upper end are provided with an edge, and the upper edge of the upper end of the movable block is placed above the boss in the outer casing;
  • the working principle of the invention is: When the three-phase molded case circuit breaker works normally, the action bar of the short circuit action mechanism is pressed against the lower end of the movable block, and the force of the action bar is far greater than the compression spring between the rotating sleeve and the movable block. The force makes the short-circuit self-locking mechanism maintain the normal condition, that is, the rotating sleeve at the lower end of the rotating sleeve The boss is embedded in the groove at the upper end of the movable block.
  • the coil in the short-circuit action mechanism causes the action lever of the short-circuit action mechanism to actuate the lower end of the trip-action linkage device to rotate the trip linkage device, and the self-lock linkage lever is disengaged from the trip linkage device to complete the breaker breaker
  • the action bar is disengaged from the lower end of the movable block, and the movable block moves downward under the action of the compression spring between the rotating sleeve and the movable block, so that the rotating sleeve boss at the lower end of the rotating sleeve is separated from the upper end of the movable block.
  • the short-circuit action mechanism will resume immediately after the circuit breaker is disconnected, but at this time, the movable block has been held by the rotating sleeve boss, the movable block cannot move, and the movable block against the action bar of the short-circuit action mechanism prevents the action bar from being restored.
  • the actuating rod in the short-circuiting mechanism of the three-phase molded case circuit breaker is actuated and held by the tripping linkage device, so that even if the operating handle is closed, the circuit breaker is not closed, and the short circuit self-locking is completed. If the recovery operation is required, simply press the reset button.
  • the rotary sleeve acts against the lateral tension spring between the outer sleeve and the rotary sleeve under the action of the spiral groove in the rotary sleeve, when the lower end of the rotary sleeve
  • the rotating sleeve boss rotates to the groove at the upper end of the movable block
  • the recovery force of the action rod in the short-circuit action mechanism is far greater than the compression spring force between the rotating sleeve and the movable block
  • the movable block moves upward until the lower end of the rotating sleeve
  • the rotating sleeve boss is completely embedded in the slot at the upper end of the movable block, and the action lever in the short-circuit action mechanism can be restored, that is, the trip linkage lever is restored, and the operating handle can be closed again to close the circuit breaker.
  • the power supply circuit of the reed switch control electromagnet control circuit (Fig. 39) of the present invention is composed of a diode Dl-D4, a resistor Rl, R2, R3, a capacitor Cl, an integrated circuit IC1, and a comparison circuit consists of a resistor R4, R5, a variable resistor W.
  • the integrated circuit IC2 is composed of a short circuit detection circuit composed of a reed switch NS, and the control output circuit is composed of a capacitor C3, a resistor R6, a transistor Q, a diode D5, and an electromagnet line ⁇ XQ.
  • the power supply circuit of the sensor control electromagnet control circuit (Fig. 40) of the invention is composed of a diode D1-D4, a resistor Rl, R2, R3, a capacitor C1, an integrated circuit IC1, and a comparison circuit consists of a resistor R4, R5, a variable resistor W integrated circuit.
  • IC2 composition, short circuit detection circuit consists of transformer TA, capacitor C2 diode
  • the tube D7 is composed, and the control output circuit is composed of a capacitor C3, a resistor R6, a transistor Q, a diode D5, and an electromagnet line ⁇ XQ.
  • the sensor When a short circuit fault occurs in the circuit, the sensor induces a voltage to be rectified by the diode and then input to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit to compare with the reference voltage of the inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the output high potential driving transistor Q is turned on, and the electromagnet acts Push the drive mechanism to trip the circuit breaker and cut off the power.
  • the power supply circuit of the self-locking control circuit (Fig. 41) of the reed switch of the present invention is composed of a diode D1-D4, a resistor Rl, RB2, R3, a capacitor C1, an integrated circuit IC1, and a comparison circuit consisting of a resistor R4, R5 and a variable resistor.
  • W integrated circuit IC2 short circuit detection circuit is composed of reed switch NS
  • self-locking circuit is composed of diode D6
  • reset circuit is composed of micro switch REST
  • control output circuit is composed of capacitor C3, resistor R6, transistor Q, diode D5, electromagnetic The wire is composed of XQ.
  • the power supply circuit of the sensor electronic control self-locking control circuit (Fig. 42) of the invention is composed of a diode Dl-D4, a resistor Rl, RB2, a R3, a capacitor Cl, an integrated circuit IC1, and the comparison circuit is integrated by a resistor R4, R5 and a variable resistor W.
  • the circuit IC2 is composed of a short circuit detecting circuit composed of a sensor TA and a capacitor C2 diode D7.
  • the self-locking circuit is composed of a diode D6, and the unlocking circuit is composed of a micro switch REST.
  • the control output circuit is composed of a capacitor C3, a resistor R6, a transistor Q, a diode D5, Electromagnet line ⁇ XQ.
  • the sensor When a short circuit fault occurs in the circuit, the sensor induces a voltage that is rectified by the diode and is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit to be compared with the reference voltage of the inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the output high potential driving transistor Q is turned on, and the high The potential is fed back to the non-inverting input of the comparator through diode D6 to make the circuit self-locking. It is always in a high potential state.
  • the electromagnet action pushes the transmission mechanism to trip the switch and cuts off the power. Only the output of the comparator is changed by pressing the REST switch. At low potential, the triode cut-off electromagnet does not operate and the circuit breaker can be closed.
  • the three-phase reed switch directly controls the electromagnet circuit (Fig. 43), which is composed of three reed switches and one electromagnet coil, wherein one end of the three reed switches and the three-phase three-phase molded case circuit breaker respectively
  • the power supply is connected, and the other ends of the three reed switches are connected to each other and then broken by the electromagnet wire and the three-phase molded case.
  • the zero line of the road is connected.
  • the principle is that when a short circuit occurs through any phase of the three-phase molded case circuit breaker, the reed switch of the phase will be attracted to make the electromagnet wire energized, and the electromagnet acts.
  • the power supply circuit of the three-phase reed switch control electromagnet control circuit (Fig. 44) of the present invention is composed of a diode Dl-D3, a resistor Rl, R2, a R3 capacitor Cl, an integrated circuit IC1, and a comparison circuit consists of a resistor R4, R5, a variable resistor W.
  • the integrated circuit IC2 is composed of a short circuit detecting circuit composed of a transformer TA and a capacitor C2 diode D7.
  • the control output circuit is composed of a capacitor C3, a resistor R6, a transistor Q, a diode D5, and an electromagnet line XQ.
  • the current line ⁇ induces the voltage to be rectified by the diode, and is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit and compared with the reference voltage of the inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the output high-potential driving transistor Q is turned on, electromagnetic
  • the iron action pushes the transmission mechanism to trip the switch and cut off the power.
  • the power supply circuit of the three-phase reed switch electronic control self-locking control circuit (Fig. 45) comprises a diode Dl-D3, a resistor Rl, R2, a R3 capacitor Cl, an integrated circuit IC1, and the comparison circuit is composed of a resistor R4, R5, a variable resistor.
  • W integrated circuit IC2 the short circuit detection circuit is composed of transformer TA, capacitor C2 diode D7, the self-locking circuit is composed of diode D6, the unlocking circuit is composed of micro switch REST, the control output circuit is composed of capacitor C3, resistor R6, transistor Q, Diode D5, electromagnet line ⁇ XQ.
  • the principle is: when the circuit has a short-circuit fault, the current line ⁇ induces the voltage to be rectified by the diode, and the input to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit is compared with the reference voltage of the inverting input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the output high-potential driving transistor Q is turned on, and at the same time
  • the high potential is fed back to the non-inverting input of the comparator through the diode D6 to make the circuit self-locking, always in a high potential state, the electromagnet action pushes the transmission mechanism to trip the switch, cuts off the power supply, and only outputs the comparator by pressing the REST switch.
  • the terminal becomes ground potential, the triode cut-off electromagnet does not operate, and the switch can be closed.
  • the invention can also set the short-circuit current to a conventional overcurrent, complete the overcurrent self-locking, and turn the invention into a circuit breaker with an overcurrent self-locking function.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Description

具有短路自锁功能的断路器
技术领域
本发明属于一种低压电器,具体地讲是一种具有短路自锁功能的断路 器。 背景技术
目前在使用的断路器（俗称空气开关）主要是由外壳、 操作手柄、 自锁 联动杆、 脱扣联动装置、 动作臂和动作点 （触点）构成（图 1 ), 其工作过 程是： 操纵操作手柄使自锁联动杆带动动作臂运动，使触点与输出的金属片 相连完成开关闭合过程，同时自锁联动杆与脱扣联动装置配合完成闭合的自 锁 （图 2 )。 为了对电路进行保护， 在现有的断路器中还设置有短路动作机 构和双金属片保护机构， 其工作过程是： 当流过断路器的电流超过额定电路 一定值发生短路（一般为额定电流的十倍）时， 短路动作机构中的过流线圏 使短路动作机构的动作杆动作顶动脱扣联动装置的下端使脱扣联动装置转 动， 自锁联动杆脱离脱扣联动装置而完成断路器断开， 达到保护的目的； 双 金属片保护机构的工作过程是： 当流过断路器的电流超过额定电路一定值 (一般为额定电流的二倍） 时， 使双金属片变形而触动脱扣联动装置转动， 自锁联动杆脱离脱扣联动装置而完成断路器断开， 达到保护的目的。 但是， 断路器断开后， 其短路动作机构的动作杆或双金属片会恢复原始状态，如果 负载发生短路时，上述断路器虽然能够完成短路保护，仍然存在可以无需查 明断路器断开原因（因为操作人员不知道是过流保护还是短路保护 )再次闭 合断路器， 以至于事故更加扩大、 对电网造成沖击或引起火灾的缺陷， 像这 一类事故， 已经多次见于媒体。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在电路发生短路时， 断路器断开后， 必须进行 复位操作 (以提醒操作者是短路）才能重新闭合断路器的具有短路自锁功能 的断路器， 以克服现有技术中以至于事故更加扩大、对电网造成沖击或引起 火灾的缺陷。 为了实现上述目的，本发明的特点是：在断路器中设置有短路自锁机构。 上述短路自锁机构包括自锁机构和复位机构 ,其自锁机构是控制脱扣联 动装置保持短路保护状态的机构，其复位机构是使脱扣联动装置恢复原始状 态的机构。
上述短路自锁机构包括自锁机构和复位机构， 自锁机构是控制短路动作 机构中的动作杆动作顶动脱扣联动装置并保持的机构，其复位机构是使短路 动作机构中的动作杆恢复原始状态的机构。
由于本发明在断路器中设置有短路自锁机构，使得本发明在发生短路断 路器断开现象后， 不能直接闭合断路器， 以提醒操作者发生短路事故， 应查 明原因并解决问题后才能重新闭合断路器。本发明在保留原有断路器所有功 能的情况下，增加了短路自锁功能，从而克服现有技术中因短路后重新闭合 断路器造成烧毁断路器或引起火灾的缺陷。 附图说明
图 1为目前常规断路器断开状态结构示意图。
图 2为目前常规断路器闭合状态结构示意图。
图 3为目前三相塑壳式断路器断开状态结构示意图。
图 4为目前三相塑壳式断路器闭合状态结构示意图。
图 5为本发明实施例 1闭合状态结构示意图。
图 6为本发明实施例 1 自锁状态结构示意图。
图 7为本发明实施例 2闭合状态结构示意图。
图 8为本发明实施例 2自锁状态结构示意图。
图 9为本发明实施例 3闭合状态结构示意图。
图 10为本发明实施例 3 自锁状态结构示意图。
图 11为本发明实施例 4闭合状态结构示意图。
图 12为本发明实施例 4自锁状态结构示意图。
图 13为本发明实施例 5闭合状态结构示意图。
图 14为本发明实施例 5 自锁状态结构示意图。
图 15为本发明实施例 6闭合状态结构示意图。
图 16为本发明实施例 6自锁状态结构示意图。 图 17为本发明实施例 7闭合状态结构示意图。
图 18为本发明实施例 7自锁状态结构示意图。
图 19为本发明实施例 8断开状态结构示意图。
图 20为本发明实施例 8自锁状态结构示意图。
图 21为本发明实施例 9断开状态结构示意图。
图 22为本发明实施例 9自锁状态结构示意图。
图 23为本发明实施例 10断开状态结构示意图。
图 24为本发明实施例 10自锁状态结构示意图。
图 25为本发明实施例 11断开状态结构示意图。
图 26为本发明实施例 11 自锁状态结构示意图。
图 27为本发明实施例 12断开状态结构示意图。
图 28为本发明实施例 12自锁状态结构示意图。
图 29为本发明实施例 13断开状态结构示意图。
图 30为本发明实施例 13 自锁状态结构示意图。
图 31为本发明实施例 14断开状态结构示意图。
图 32为本发明实施例 14自锁状态结构示意图。
图 33为本发明实施例 15断开状态结构示意图。
图 34为本发明实施例 15 自锁状态结构示意图。
图 35为本发明实施例 16断开状态结构示意图。
图 36为本发明实施例 16自锁状态结构示意图。
图 37为本发明实施例 16短路自锁机构结构示意图。
图 38为本发明实施例 16短路自锁机构轴侧图。
图 39为本发明干簧管控制电磁铁控制电路原理图。
图 40为本发明传感器控制电磁铁控制电路原理图。
图 41为本发明干簧管电控自锁控制电路原理图。
图 42为本发明传感器电控自锁控制电路原理图。
图 43为本发明三相干簧管直接控制电磁铁电路原理图。
图 44为本发明三相干簧管控制电磁铁控制电路原理图。
图 45为本发明三相干簧管电控自锁控制电路原理图。
图中： 010 -夕卜壳、 020 -操作手柄、 030 -自锁联动杆、 040 -脱扣联动 装置、 050-短路动作机构、 051-动作杆、 060-双金属片、 070-动作臂、 080 -动作点、 090 -按钮、 091-按钮凸块、 092 -按钮长板、 093 -按钮插销、 100-旋转杆、 101-旋转杆槽、 110-杠杆、 120-磁性金属、 130-电磁铁、 131-电磁铁动作臂、 140-干簧管、 150-互感器、 160-控制电路、 170- 电磁铁长杆、 180-按钮长板、 181-按钮长板凸点 ,190-脱扣联动加长杆， 191 -加长杆槽、 200 -绞轴、 210 -旋转板、 220 -触发臂、 230 -断路器内导线、 240-磁性架、 250-弹簧、 260-承载框、 270-旋转臂、 271-旋转臂凸边、 280-扭簧、 290-限位块、 300-旋转套、 301-旋转套内螺旋槽、 302-旋转 套凸台、 310-外套、 311-外套内凸台、 320-活动块、 321-活动块凹槽， 322-活动块出边、 330-拉簧、 340-压簧。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
本发明是在保留原断路器结构不变（所有功能不变）的情况下， 在断路 器中另外设置一个短路自锁机构构成，短路自锁机构包括自锁机构和复位机 构，其自锁机构是控制脱扣联动装置保持过流保护状态的机构，其复位机构 是使脱扣联动装置恢复原始状态的机构。
实施例 1:
本发明的自锁机构由一个下端设置有磁性金属的杠杆和一个下端铰接 在断路器外壳上的旋转杆构成，复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮和所述旋 转杆配合构成， 其中： 杠杆设置在断路器中双金属片旁， 杠杆的中部铰接在 断路器外壳上，杠杆的上端与旋转杆的铰接点上部一边相接触，旋转杆上部 的另一边与断路器中脱扣联动装置的上端相接触，所述旋转杆上部设置有一 个槽， 按钮下端设置有一个凸块， 按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端 的凸块搁置在旋转杆上部的槽中 （图 5 )。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过双金属片中的 电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，双金属片周围产生强磁场，使双金属片旁 下端设置有磁性金属的杠杆下端被双金属片吸引（如果只是过流产生， 双金 属片周围产生的磁场强度不能吸引杠杆下端的磁性金属）， 使杠杆转动， 杠 杆的上端推动旋转杆转动，从而推动脱扣联动装置转动（与短路动作机构同 时使断路器断开）， 同时， 由于旋转杆转动的作用， 使按钮下端的凸块脱离 旋转杆上部的槽中，使按钮内压簧的恢复，按钮下端的凸块随按钮上移与旋 转杆一边接触 （图 6 ), 即使断路器断开后， 杠杆恢复到原位， 而旋转杆就 不能恢复， 即旋转杆上端继续使脱扣联动装置保持在脱扣状态不能恢复，从 而使得既使闭合操作手柄， 也不能使断路器闭合， 而完成短路自锁。 如果需 要恢复操作， 只需按下按钮， 使按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋转杆上部的槽中， 旋转杆才能恢复， 即脱扣联动杆恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断路器闭 合。
实施例 2:
本发明的自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和一个 下端铰接在断路器外壳内的旋转杆构成， 复位机构与实施例 1相同， 其中： 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁， 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 电磁铁的线圏与干 簧管串联后与断路器输入的电源相连接，电磁铁的动作臂与旋转杆的铰接点 上部一边相接触， 其他结构与实施例 1相同 （图 7 )。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过断路器内导线 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，导线周围产生强磁场，使导线旁的干 簧管吸合， 电磁铁的线圏得电， 电磁铁的动作臂动作， 推动旋转杆转动， 从 而推动脱扣联动装置转动 （图 8 ), 其他原理与实施例 1相同。
实施例 3:
本发明的自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、传感器和一个 下端铰接在断路器外壳内的旋转杆构成， 复位机构与实施例 1相同， 其中： 传感器穿过断路器内导线，传感器的输出与控制电路相连，控制电路控制电 磁铁动作（图 40 ), 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 其他结构与实施例 2相同 （图 9 )。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过断路器内导线 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，传感器输出电流信号给控制电路，控 制电路控制电磁铁的线圏得电， 电磁铁的动作臂动作， 推动旋转杆转动， 从 而推动脱扣联动装置转动 （图 10 ), 其他原理与实施例 1相同。
实施例 4:
本发明的自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁和干簧管构成， 电磁铁的动作臂联接一个带有凸边的长杆，长杆的端点与断路器中脱扣联动 杆的上端相接触； 复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮与所述长杆配合构成， 按钮的内端联接一个开有梯形槽的长板，长板设置在电磁铁与脱扣联动杆之 间， 长板中的梯形槽靠近电磁铁方为浅槽， 靠近脱扣联动杆为深槽， 按钮中 的压簧在压迫状态时， 其长杆的凸边搁置在长板梯形槽的浅槽中， 干簧管设 置在断路器内导线旁（图 11 ), 电磁铁的线圏与干簧管串联后与断路器输入 的电源相连接。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过断路器内导线 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，导线周围产生强磁场，使导线旁的干 簧管吸合， 电磁铁的线圏得电， 电磁铁的动作臂动作， 动作臂带动长杆推动 脱扣联动装置转动 （与短路动作机构同时使断路器断开）， 同时， 由于长杆 的移动和按钮内压簧的恢复，使长杆的凸边由长板梯形槽的浅槽中移动至长 板梯形槽的深槽中， 即使断路器断开后， 由于长杆的凸边被长板梯形槽的深 槽卡住， 不能恢复， 即使脱扣联动装置保持在脱扣状态不能恢复， 从而使得 既使闭合操作手柄， 也不能使断路器闭合， 而完成短路自锁（图 12 )。 如果 需要恢复操作， 只需按下按钮， 电磁铁的动作臂恢复， 使卡在长板梯形槽的 深槽中的长杆的凸边脱离长板梯形槽的深槽， 回到长板梯形槽的浅槽中， 即 脱扣联动杆恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断路器闭合。
实施例 5:
本发明的自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁，传感器及控制 电路构成， 其中传感器穿过断路器内导线， 传感器的输出与控制电路相连， 控制电路控制电磁铁动作 （图 40 ), 其他结构与实施例 4相同 （图 13 )。
本实施例的工作原理除电磁铁由控制电路控制外， 其他原理与实施例 4 相同 （图 14 )。
实施例 6:
本发明的自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和干簧 管电控自锁控制电路（图 41 )构成， 电磁铁和干簧管与电控自锁控制电路 线连接， 复位机构由一个开关按钮构成， 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁， 其 中电磁铁的动作臂与断路器中脱扣联动装置的上端相接触 （图 15 )。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过断路器内导线 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，导线周围产生强磁场，使导线旁的干 簧管吸合， 干簧管电控自锁控制电路工作， 电磁铁的线圏得电， 电磁铁的动 作臂动作，动作臂推动脱扣联动装置转动（与短路动作机构同时使断路器断 开）， 并保持在脱扣状态不能恢复， 从而使得既使闭合操作手柄， 也不能使 断路器闭合， 而完成短路自锁（图 16 )。 如果需要恢复操作， 只需按下按钮， 使电控自锁控制电路工作停止工作， 电磁铁的线圏断电， 电磁铁的动作臂恢 复， 即脱扣联动杆恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断路器闭合。
实施例 7:
本发明的自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、传感器和传感 器电控自锁控制电路（图 42 )构成， 复位机构由一个开关按钮构成， 传感 器穿过断路器内导线，传感器的输出与电控自锁控制电路连接，其中电磁铁 的动作臂与断路器中脱扣联动装置的上端相接触 （图 17 )。
本实施例的工作原理除电控自锁控制电路的电路原理图不同外，其他原 理与实施例 6相同。
实施例 8:
本发明的自锁机构包括一磁性动作元件，其为一旋转板， 所述的旋转板 的中段与一设置在所述壳体内壁的绞轴相连接，所述的旋转板可绕所述的绞 轴转动； 所述的旋转板的第一端设置有一磁性块， 其可以为磁铁或铁片， 也 可以为含有能够受到磁场吸引的磁性介质构成。 复位机构包括： 一断路触发 臂，其为一杆状结构，其第一端为一触发端与所述的旋转板的第二端相连接， 所述断路触发臂的第二端为一复位按钮， 其延伸至所述壳体外，使所述的断 路触发臂在动作时，使其可以沿一确定的方向运动，在所述的断路触发臂上 还具有一按钮凸块，所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联动装置相抵靠 (图 19 )。
请参阅图 20所示，其为本实施例在发生短路状态下的内部结构示意图， 对于本发明的结构而言，一旦发生短路事故，在所述的电路线路上会产生强 磁场， 此时所述的旋转板绕所述的绞轴转动即旋转位移动作，使其设置有磁 性块的第一端与所述的电路吸合，从而使所述的断路触发臂向上运动， 所述 的复位按钮伸出外壳， 从而起到指示作用， 表明其为短路引起的断路， 并且 由于按钮凸块顶推所述的抵靠部，进而使所述的脱扣联动装置动作， 即使是 电路被切断，短路产生的强磁场消失了，但是所述的断路触发臂由于复位按 钮内弹簧的顶靠以及所述按钮凸块的顶靠， 使断路触发臂不能自动的复位， 从而本发明不仅实现了短路的保护，同时由于结构的巧妙形成了短路后的自 锁， 只有用户按下复位按钮才能够实现再次的旋转手柄， 使断路器合闭， 最 终提高了安全性。
实施例 9:
与实施例 8比较，本实施例的特点在于， 所述的磁性动作元件为一磁性 架，所述的磁性架的两端分别设置有磁性介质块，所述的磁性介质块可以为 磁铁或铁片，也可以为含有能够受到磁场吸引的磁性介质构成。 而对于所述 的自锁机构机构包括：
一断路触发臂， 其为一杆状结构， 其第一端即为一触发端与所述的磁性 架的中段相连接， 所述断路触发臂的第二端延伸至所述壳体顶部的复位按 钮， 使所述的断路触发臂在动作时， 使其沿一确定的方向运动，， 在所述的 断路触发臂上还具有一按钮凸块，所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联 动装置相抵靠 （图 21 );
请参阅图 22所示，其为本实施例在发生短路状态下的内部结构示意图； 一旦发生短路事故，在所述的电路线路上会产生强磁场， 此时所述的磁性架 马上相上运动即直线位移动作， 使其上设置的磁性介质块与所述的电路吸 合， 从而使所述的断路触发臂向上运动， 所述的复位按钮伸出外壳， 用以指 示是短路引起的短路， 并且由于按钮凸块顶推所述的脱扣联动装置抵靠部， 进而使所述的脱扣联动装置动作， 即使是电路被切断，短路产生的强磁场消 失了，但是所述的断路触发臂由于复位按钮内弹簧的顶靠以及所述按钮凸块 的顶靠，使断路触发臂不能自动的复位，从而本发明不仅实现了短路的保护， 同时由于结构的巧妙形成了短路后的自锁，只有用户按下复位按钮才能够实 现再次的旋转手柄， 使断路器合闭， 最终提高了安全性。
为了避免在发生过流的时候，所述的磁性架与所述的短路保护机构同时 动作，则在所述的磁性架下方设置有一承载框，所述的承载框设置在壳体内， 并通过一弹簧与所述的磁性架的下端相连接。 由于所述的弹簧作用，在过流 产生磁场的作用下， 所述的电路对所述的磁性架产生一定的吸引力， 由于弹 簧的作用， 使其不会与所述的电路吸合。 本发明的自锁机构设置有一短路检测子单元以及一电磁动作机构， 其 中， 所述的短路检测子单元用以进行短路故障的检测， 其包括： 一干簧管， 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁，在但短路故障发生时，由于产生强大的磁场 , 从而使所述的干簧管内部分离的触片吸合。所述的复位机构包括：一电磁铁， 所述的电磁铁的衔铁端设置有一断路触发臂，所述的断路触发臂下端与所述 的电磁铁的衔铁相连接， 所述断路触发臂的上端为一复位按钮，使所述的电 磁铁被触发后， 所述的衔铁向上运动从而带动所述的断路触发臂移动， 所述 的断路触发臂还具有一按钮凸块，所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联 动装置相抵靠 （图 23 )。
请参阅图 24所示， 其为实施例在发生短路故障时的内部结构示意图； 一旦发生短路事故，在所述的电路线路上会产生强磁场， 此时所述的短路检 测子单元的干簧管的触片吸合，从而产生一触发信号（其产生的触发信号机 理， 将在下面电路结构中描述）， 从而使所述的电磁动作机构中的电磁铁接 到信号后产生电磁动作，使所述的衔铁向上运动，从而使所述的断路触发臂 向上运动， 所述的复位按钮伸出断路器外壳， 从而起到指示作用， 即表明目 前的状态为短路故障引起的断路，并且由于按钮凸块顶推所述的脱扣联动装 置， 进而使所述的脱扣联动装置动作， 即使是电路被切断， 短路产生的强磁 场消失了，但是所述的断路触发臂由于弹簧的顶靠以及所述按钮凸块顶推所 述的第二抵靠部，使断路触发臂不能自动的复位，从而本发明不仅实现了短 路的保护， 同时由于结构的巧妙形成了短路后的自锁， 只有用户按下复位按 钮才能够实现再次的旋转手柄， 使断路器合闭， 最终提高了安全性。
实施例 11:
本发明的自锁机构设置有一短路检测子单元以及一电磁动作机构， 其 中， 所述的短路检测子单元用以进行短路检测， 其包括： 一互感器， 其套设 在所述的断路器内的导线上， 在短路故障发生时， 电流瞬间增大， 互感器将 感应出一电压信号。 所述的电磁动作机构， 其包括： 一电磁铁， 所述的电磁 铁的衔铁端设置有一断路触发臂，所述的断路触发臂下端与所述的电磁铁的 衔铁相连接，所述断路触发臂的上端为一复位按钮，其延伸进入所述壳体外， 使所述的电磁铁被触发后，所述的衔铁向上运动从而带动所述的断路触发臂 移动， 所述的断路触发臂还具有一按钮凸块； 所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸 块与脱扣联动装置相抵靠 （图 25 )。
请参阅图 26所示， 其为本实施例二在发生短路故障时的内部结构示意 图； 一旦发生短路事故， 在所述的互感器的线圏上会产生感应电压， 从而产 生一触发信号， 从而使所述的电磁动作机构中的电磁铁接到信号后产生动 作， 使所述的衔铁向上运动， 从而使所述的断路触发臂向上运动， 所述的复 位按钮伸出外壳外，从而起到指示作用， 即表明目前的状态为短路故障引起 的断路， 并且由于按钮凸块顶推所述的脱扣联动装置， 进而使所述的脱扣联 动装置动作， 即使是电路被切断， 短路产生的强磁场消失了， 但是所述的断 路触发臂由于弹簧的顶靠以及所述按钮凸块顶推所述的第二抵靠部，使断路 触发臂不能自动的复位，从而本发明不仅实现了短路的保护， 同时由于结构 的巧妙形成了短路后的自锁，只有用户按下复位按钮才能够实现再次的旋转 手柄， 使断路器合闭， 最终提高了安全性。
实施例 12:
本发明的自锁机构由一个旋转臂构成，旋转臂的中段铰接在断路器的外 壳上，在旋转臂上设置有一个扭簧，旋转臂的下端与短路动作机构中的动作 杆相接触，旋转臂的上端设置有一个突出的凸边； 复位机构由一个内置有压 簧的按钮和所述旋转臂配合构成，其中按钮下端设置有一个凸块，按钮中的 压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋转臂的上端凸边的下面（图 27 )。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过短路动作机构 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，使短路动作机构中的动作杆动作顶动 脱扣联动装置的下端， 从而推动脱扣联动装置转动使断路器断开， 同时， 由 于旋转臂上扭簧的作用，使旋转臂转动，旋转臂的下端还是与短路动作机构 中的动作杆相接触，旋转臂的上端的凸边由于旋转臂的转动使按钮下端的凸 块脱离旋转臂上端的凸边，使按钮内压簧的恢复，按钮下端的凸块随按钮上 移与旋转臂上端的凸边一边接触（图 28 ), 即使断路器断开后， 短路动作机 构中的动作杆被旋转臂的下端顶住而得不到恢复，即短路动作机构中的动作 杆使脱扣联动装置保持在脱扣状态不能恢复， 从而使得既使闭合操作手柄， 也不能使断路器闭合，而完成短路自锁。如果需要恢复操作，只需按下按钮， 使按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋转臂的上端凸边的下面，短路动作机构中的动作 杆才能恢复， 即脱扣联动杆恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断路器闭合。
实施例 13:
本发明的自锁机构和复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮构成，其按钮下 端设置有一个凸块，按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在 短路动作机构中的动作杆的下面 （图 29 )。
本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过短路动作机构 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，使短路动作机构中的动作杆动作顶动 脱扣联动装置的下端， 从而推动脱扣联动装置转动使断路器断开， 同时， 由 于短路动作机构中的动作杆的动作， 使按钮下端的凸块脱离动作杆的下面， 在按钮内压簧的恢复作用下按钮下端的凸块上移，使按钮下端的凸块与短路 动作机构中的动作杆的端点接触（图 30 ), 即使断路器断开后， 短路动作机 构中的动作杆被按钮下端的凸块顶住而得不到恢复，即短路动作机构中的动 作杆使脱扣联动装置保持在脱扣状态不能恢复， 从而使得既使闭合操作手 柄， 也不能使断路器闭合， 而完成短路自锁。 如果需要恢复操作， 只需按下 按钮，使按钮下端的凸块搁置在短路动作机构中的动作杆下面，短路动作机 构中的动作杆才能恢复， 即脱扣联动杆恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断 路器闭合。
本发明自锁机构和复位机构在断路器的外壳安装位上设置有限位块的 作用是使自锁机构和复位机构能够稳定地固定在断路器中。
本发明同样可以运用至三相塑壳式断路器（空气开关） 中：
实施例 14:
本发明自锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和一个下 端铰接在断路器外壳内的旋转杆构成，其旋转杆的上端与断路器中脱扣联动 装置的上端相接触，脱扣联动装置的上端设置有一个开有槽的加长杆， 复位 机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮和所述开有槽的加长杆配合构成，按钮下端设 置有一个凸块，按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时，其按钮下端的凸块搁置在加长 杆的槽中， 其中： 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁， 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 电磁铁的线圏与干簧管串联后与断路器输入的电源相连接，电磁铁的动作臂 与旋转杆的铰接点上部相接触 （图 31 )。 本实施例的工作原理是： 当断路器发生短路时， 由于通过断路器内导线 中的电流大大高于断路器的额定电流，导线周围产生强磁场，使导线旁的干 簧管吸合， 电磁铁的线圏得电， 电磁铁的动作臂动作， 推动旋转杆转动， 从 而推动脱扣联动装置转动 （与短路动作机构同时使断路器断开）， 同时， 由 于脱扣联动装置转动的作用，使按钮下端的凸块脱离加长杆的槽中，使按钮 内压簧的恢复， 按钮下端的凸块随按钮上移与加长杆一边接触（图 32 ), 即 使断路器断开后，旋转杆恢复到原位，脱扣联动装置保持在脱扣状态不能恢 复， 从而使得既使闭合操作手柄， 也不能使断路器闭合， 而完成短路自锁。 如果需要恢复操作，只需按下按钮 ,使按钮下端的凸块搁置在的加长杆槽中， 脱扣联动杆才能恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断路器闭合。
实施例 15:
本发明实施例 6 的干簧管电控自锁控制电路同样可以运用至三相塑壳 式断路器中 （图 33 ), 其结构完全相同， 只是所控制的脱扣联动装置的形状 不同， 控制电路要修改为三相控制电路（图 45 ), 其原理也相同。
同样道理，本发明实施例 7的传感器电控自锁控制电路同样可以运用至 三相塑壳式断路器中， 控制电路要修改为三相控制电路。
实施例 16:
本发明的自锁机构和复位机构由外套、复位按钮、旋转套和活动块构成， 其中： 外套固定在三相塑壳式断路器的外壳上， 外套的下端套内设置有外套 内凸台；旋转套和活动块设置在外套内，外套与旋转套之间设置有横向拉簧， 活动块的下端漏出外套并与三相塑壳式断路器中短路动作机构的动作杆相 接触， 活动块的上端开有一个凹槽， 其上端的两边沿设置有出边， 活动块上 端的出边搁置在外套内凸台的上方； 旋转套设置在活动块的上方，旋转套和 活动块之间设置有压簧，旋转套的下端设置有与活动块上端凹槽相配合的凸 台，旋转套的上端与三相塑壳式断路器的外壳相接触，旋转套内设置有螺旋 槽； 复位按钮设置在旋转套内， 复位按钮上设置有插入旋转套内螺旋槽的插 销 （图 35 )。
本发明的工作原理是： 在三相塑壳式断路器正常工作时， 由于短路动 作机构的动作杆顶住活动块下端，而动作杆的力量远远大于旋转套和活动块 之间的压簧力量，使得短路自锁机构保持正常状况， 即旋转套下端的旋转套 凸台嵌入活动块上端的凹槽内。 当短路现象发生时，短路动作机构中的线圏 使短路动作机构的动作杆动作顶动脱扣联动装置的下端使脱扣联动装置转 动， 自锁联动杆脱离脱扣联动装置而完成断路器断开； 同时， 由于动作杆的 动作，使动作杆脱离活动块下端， 活动块在旋转套和活动块之间压簧的作用 下向下移动， 使得旋转套下端的旋转套凸台脱离活动块上端的凹槽， 此时， 在外套与旋转套之间的横向拉簧作用下，旋转套发生转动， 由于旋转套的转 动，旋转套下端的旋转套凸台就与活动块上端平面接触，使活动块不能够移 动， 同时在旋转套内螺旋槽的作用下，使复位按钮向上移动突出在三相塑壳 式断路器的外壳外（图 36 )。短路动作机构在完成断路器断开后会马上恢复， 但此时活动块已被旋转套凸台顶住， 活动块不能够移动， 活动块顶住短路动 作机构的动作杆使动作杆不能够恢复，使三相塑壳式断路器短路动作机构中 的动作杆顶动脱扣联动装置并保持，从而使得既使闭合操作手柄，也不能使 断路器闭合， 而完成短路自锁。 如果需要恢复操作， 只需按下复位按钮， 由 于复位按钮向下运动，旋转套内螺旋槽的作用下，旋转套克服外套与旋转套 之间的横向拉簧作用而发生转动，当旋转套下端的旋转套凸台转动到活动块 上端的 槽时，由于短路动作机构中的动作杆的恢复力量远远大于旋转套和 活动块之间的压簧力量，使活动块向上移动， 直至旋转套下端的旋转套凸台 完全嵌入活动块上端的 槽内，短路动作机构中的动作杆才能恢复， 即脱扣 联动杆恢复， 就能再次闭合操作手柄， 使断路器闭合。
本发明干簧管控制电磁铁控制电路（图 39 )的电源电路由二极管 Dl-D4、 电阻 Rl、 R2、 R3、 电容 Cl、 集成电路 IC1组成， 比较电路由电阻 R4、 R5、 可变电阻 W集成电路 IC2组成， 短路检测电路由干簧管 NS组成， 控制输 出电路由电容 C3、 电阻 R6、 三极管 Q、 二极管 D5、 电磁铁线圏 XQ组成。 当电路发生短路故障时， 在导体周围会产生强大的磁场， 干簧管 NS被磁场 吸合导通，电压经过干簧管输入到比较电路的同相输入端与比较电路反相输 入端的基准电压比较， 输出高电位驱动三极管 Q导通， 电磁铁动作推动传 动机构使断路器脱扣， 切断电源。
本发明传感器控制电磁铁控制电路（图 40 )的电源电路由二极管 Dl-D4、 电阻 Rl、 R2、 R3、 电容 Cl、 集成电路 IC1组成， 比较电路由电阻 R4、 R5、 可变电阻 W集成电路 IC2组成， 短路检测电路由互感器 TA、 电容 C2二极 管 D7组成， 控制输出电路由电容 C3、 电阻 R6、 三极管 Q、 二极管 D5、 电 磁铁线圏 XQ组成。 其原理是： 当电路发生短路故障时， 传感器感应出电压 经过二极管整流后输入到比较电路的同相输入端与比较电路反相输入端的 基准电压比较， 输出高电位驱动三极管 Q导通， 电磁铁动作推动传动机构 使断路器脱扣， 切断电源。
本发明干簧管电控自锁控制电路（图 41 )的电源电路由二极管 Dl-D4、 电阻 Rl、 RB2、 R3、 电容 Cl、 集成电路 IC1组成， 比较电路由电阻 R4、 R5、 可变电阻 W集成电路 IC2组成， 短路检测电路由干簧管 NS组成， 自 锁电路由二极管 D6组成， 复位电路由微动开关 REST组成， 控制输出电路 由电容 C3、 电阻 R6、 三极管 Q、 二极管 D5、 电磁铁线圏 XQ组成。
当电路发生短路故障时，在导体周围会产生强大的磁场,干簧管 NS被吸合导 通,电压经过干黄管 NS 输入到比较电路的同相输入端与比较电路反相输入 端的基准电压比较， 输出高电位驱动三极管 Q导通， 同时该高电位通过二 极管 D6反馈到比较器的同相输入端使电路自锁， 始终处于高电位状态， 电 磁铁动作推动传动机构使开关脱扣， 切断电源， 只有通过按下 REST开关使 比较器的输出端变成地电位， 三极管截止电磁铁不动作， 断路器才能合闸。
本发明传感器电控自锁控制电路（图 42 )的电源电路由二极管 Dl-D4、 电阻 Rl、 RB2、 R3、 电容 Cl、 集成电路 IC1组成， 比较电路由电阻 R4、 R5、 可变电阻 W集成电路 IC2组成， 短路检测电路由传感器 TA、 电容 C2 二极管 D7组成， 自锁电路由二极管 D6组成， 解锁电路由微动开关 REST 组成， 控制输出电路由电容 C3、 电阻 R6、 三极管 Q、 二极管 D5、 电磁铁 线圏 XQ组成。 其原理是： 当电路发生短路故障时， 传感器感应出电压经过 二极管整流后输入到比较电路的同相输入端与比较电路反相输入端的基准 电压比较，输出高电位驱动三极管 Q导通， 同时该高电位通过二极管 D6反 馈到比较器的同相输入端使电路自锁， 始终处于高电位状态， 电磁铁动作推 动传动机构使开关脱扣， 切断电源， 只有通过按下 REST开关使比较器的输 出端变成低电位， 三极管截止电磁铁不动作， 断路器才能合闸。
本发明三相干簧管直接控制电磁铁电路（图 43 ) 由三个干簧管和一个 电磁铁线圏构成,其中三个干簧管的一端分别与三相塑壳断路器的进线三相 电源相连， 三个干簧管的另一端相互连接后通过电磁铁线圏与三相塑壳断 路器的零线相连接。 其原理是:当通过三相塑壳断路器的任何一相发生短路 时， 该相的干簧管就会吸合而使电磁铁线圏得电， 电磁铁动作。
本发明三相干簧管控制电磁铁控制电路（图 44 ) 的电源电路由二极管 Dl-D3、 电阻 Rl、 R2、 R3电容 Cl、 集成电路 IC1组成， 比较电路由电阻 R4、 R5、 可变电阻 W集成电路 IC2组成， 短路检测电路由互感器 TA、 电 容 C2二极管 D7组成， 控制输出电路由电容 C3、 电阻 R6、 三极管 Q、 二 极管 D5、 电磁铁线圏 XQ组成。 其原理是:当电路发生短路故障时， 电流线 圏感应出电压经过二极管整流后输入到比较电路的同相输入端与比较电路 反相输入端的基准电压比较， 输出高电位驱动三极管 Q导通， 电磁铁动作 推动传动机构使开关脱扣， 切断电源。
本发明三相干簧管电控自锁控制电路（图 45 ) 的电源 电路由二极管 Dl-D3、 电阻 Rl、 R2、 R3电容 Cl、 集成电路 IC1组成， 比较电路由电阻 R4、 R5、 可变电阻 W集成电路 IC2组成， 短路检测电路由互感器 TA、 电 容 C2二极管 D7组成， 自锁电路由二极管 D6组成， 解锁电路由微动开关 REST组成， 控制输出电路由电容 C3、 电阻 R6、 三极管 Q、 二极管 D5、 电 磁铁线圏 XQ组成。 其原理是:当电路发生短路故障时， 电流线圏感应出电 压经过二极管整流后输入到比较电路的同相输入端与比较电路反相输入端 的基准电压比较， 输出高电位驱动三极管 Q导通， 同时该高电位通过二极 管 D6反馈到比较器的同相输入端使电路自锁， 始终处于高电位状态， 电磁 铁动作推动传动机构使开关脱扣， 切断电源， 只有通过按下 REST开关使比 较器的输出端变成地电位， 三极管截止电磁铁不动作， 开关才能合闸。
本发明也可以将短路电流设置为常规的过流， 完成过流自锁，使本发明 转变成一种具有过流自锁功能的断路器。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有 技术。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 一种具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 在断路器中设置有 短路自锁机构。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 短 路自锁机构包括自锁机构和复位机构，其自锁机构是控制断路器中脱扣联动 装置保持短路流保护状态的机构，其复位机构是使脱扣联动装置恢复原始状 态的机构。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 短 路自锁机构包括自锁机构和复位机构， 自锁机构是控制短路动作机构中的动 作杆动作顶动脱扣联动装置并保持的机构，其复位机构是使短路动作机构中 的动作杆恢复原始状态的机构。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个下端设置有磁性金属的杠杆和一个下端铰接在断路器外壳上 的旋转杆构成， 复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮和所述旋转杆配合构成， 其中： 杠杆设置在断路器中双金属片旁， 杠杆的中部铰接在断路器外壳上， 杠杆的上端与旋转杆的铰接点上部一边相接触，旋转杆上部的另一边与断路 器中脱扣联动装置的上端相接触，所述旋转杆上部设置有一个槽，按钮下端 设置有一个凸块，按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋 转杆上部的槽中。
5、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和一个下端铰接在断路 器外壳内的旋转杆构成，复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮和所述旋转杆配 合构成， 其中： 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁， 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 电 磁铁的线圏与干簧管串联后与断路器输入的电源相连接，电磁铁的动作臂与 旋转杆的铰接点上部一边相接触，旋转杆上部的另一边与断路器中脱扣联动 装置的上端相接触， 所述旋转杆上部设置有一个槽，按钮下端设置有一个凸 块，按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋转杆上部的槽 中。
6、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、传感器和一个下端铰接在断路 器外壳内的旋转杆构成，复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮和所述旋转杆配 合构成， 其中： 传感器穿过断路器内导线， 传感器的输出与控制电路相连， 控制电路控制电磁铁动作， 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 电磁铁的动作臂与旋转 杆的铰接点上部一边相接触，旋转杆上部的另一边与断路器中脱扣联动装置 的上端相接触， 所述旋转杆上部设置有一个槽， 按钮下端设置有一个凸块， 按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋转杆上部的槽中。
7、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁和干簧管构成，电磁铁的动作臂 联接一个带有凸边的长杆，长杆的端点与断路器中脱扣联动装置的上端相接 触； 复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮与所述长杆配合构成，按钮的内端联 接一个开有梯形槽的长板， 长板设置在电磁铁与脱扣联动装置之间， 长板中 的梯形槽靠近电磁铁方为浅槽， 靠近脱扣联动装置为深槽，按钮中的压簧在 压迫状态时， 其长杆的凸边搁置在长板梯形槽的浅槽中， 干簧管设置在断路 器内导线旁， 电磁铁的线圏与干簧管串联后与继电器输入的电源相连接。
8、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁，传感器及控制电路构成， 其中 传感器穿过断路器内导线，传感器的输出与控制电路相％。连，控制电路控制 电磁铁动作， 复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮与所述长杆配合构成，按钮 的内端联接一个开有梯形槽的长板， 长板设置在电磁铁与脱扣联动装置之 间， 长板中的梯形槽靠近电磁铁方为浅槽， 靠近脱扣联动装置为深槽， 按钮 中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其长杆的凸边搁置在长板梯形槽的浅槽中。
9、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和干簧管电控自锁控制 电路构成， 电磁铁和干簧管与电控自锁控制电路线连接， 复位机构由一个开 关按钮构成， 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁，其中电磁铁的动作臂与断路器 中脱扣联动装置的上端相接触。
10、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、传感器和传感器电控自锁控制 电路构成， 复位机构由一个开关按钮构成， 传感器穿过断路器内导线， 传感 器的输出与电控自锁控制电路连接，其中电磁铁的动作臂与断路器中脱扣联 动装置的上端相接触。
11、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和一个下端铰接在断路 器外壳内的旋转杆构成，其旋转杆的上端与断路器中脱扣联动装置的上端相 接触，脱扣联动装置的上端设置有一个开有槽的加长杆， 复位机构由一个内 置有压簧的按钮和所述开有槽的加长杆配合构成， 按钮下端设置有一个凸 块， 按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在加长杆的槽中， 其中： 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁， 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 电磁铁的线 圏与干簧管串联后与断路器输入的电源相连接，电磁铁的动作臂与旋转杆的 铰接点上部相接触。
12、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构包括一磁性动作元件， 其为一旋转板，所述的旋转板的中段与一设置 在所述壳体内壁的绞轴相连接，所述的旋转板可绕所述的绞轴转动； 所述的 旋转板的第一端设置有一磁性块，其可以为磁铁或铁片，也可以为含有能够 受到磁场吸引的磁性介质构成。 复位机构包括： 一断路触发臂， 其为一杆状 结构， 其第一端为一触发端与所述的旋转板的第二端相连接， 所述断路触发 臂的第二端为一复位按钮，其延伸至所述壳体外，使所述的断路触发臂在动 作时，使其可以沿一确定的方向运动，在所述的断路触发臂上还具有一按钮 凸块， 所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联动装置相抵靠。
13、 如权利要求 2或 12所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在 于： 所述的磁性动作元件为一磁性架， 所述的磁性架的两端分别设置有磁性 介质块， 所述的磁性介质块可以为磁铁或铁片，也可以为含有能够受到磁场 吸引的磁性介质构成。 而对于所述的自锁机构机构包括： 一断路触发臂， 其 为一杆状结构， 其第一端即为一触发端与所述的磁性架的中段相连接， 所述 断路触发臂的第二端延伸至所述壳体顶部的复位按钮，使所述的断路触发臂 在动作时， 使其沿一确定的方向运动，， 在所述的断路触发臂上还具有一按 钮凸块， 所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联动装置相抵靠。
14、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构设置有一短路检测子单元以及一电磁动作机构， 其中， 所述的短路检 测子单元用以进行短路故障的检测， 其包括： 一干簧管， 干簧管设置在断路 器内导线旁， 在但短路故障发生时， 由于产生强大的磁场， 从而使所述的干 簧管内部分离的触片吸合， 所述的复位机构包括： 一电磁铁， 所述的电磁铁 的衔铁端设置有一断路触发臂，所述的断路触发臂下端与所述的电磁铁的衔 铁相连接，所述断路触发臂的上端为一复位按钮，使所述的电磁铁被触发后， 所述的衔铁向上运动从而带动所述的断路触发臂移动，所述的断路触发臂还 具有一按钮凸块， 所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联动装置相抵靠。
15、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构设置有一短路检测子单元以及一电磁动作机构， 其中， 所述的短路检 测子单元用以进行短路检测， 其包括： 一互感器， 其套设在所述的断路器内 的导线上，在短路故障发生时，电流瞬间增大，互感器将感应出一电压信号， 所述的电磁动作机构， 其包括： 一电磁铁， 所述的电磁铁的衔铁端设置有一 断路触发臂， 所述的断路触发臂下端与所述的电磁铁的衔铁相连接， 所述断 路触发臂的上端为一复位按钮，其延伸进入所述壳体外，使所述的电磁铁被 触发后， 所述的衔铁向上运动从而带动所述的断路触发臂移动，所述的断路 触发臂还具有一按钮凸块；所述的断路触发臂上的按钮凸块与脱扣联动装置 相抵靠。
16、 如权利要求 2所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个设置在断路器外壳内的电磁铁、干簧管和一个下端铰接在断路 器外壳内的旋转杆构成，其旋转杆的上端与断路器中脱扣联动装置的上端相 接触，脱扣联动装置的上端设置有一个开有槽的加长杆， 复位机构由一个内 置有压簧的按钮和所述开有槽的加长杆配合构成， 按钮下端设置有一个凸 块， 按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在加长杆的槽中， 其中： 干簧管设置在断路器内导线旁， 电磁铁设置在旋转杆旁， 电磁铁的线 圏与干簧管串联后与断路器输入的电源相连接，电磁铁的动作臂与旋转杆的 铰接点上部相接触。
17、 如权利要求 3所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构由一个旋转臂构成，旋转臂的中段铰接在断路器的外壳上，在旋转臂 上设置有一个扭簧，旋转臂的下端与短路动作机构中的动作杆相接触，旋转 臂的上端设置有一个突出的凸边；复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮和所述 旋转臂配合构成，其中按钮下端设置有一个凸块，按钮中的压簧在压迫状态 时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在旋转臂的上端凸边的下面。
18、 如权利要求 3所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构和复位机构由一个内置有压簧的按钮构成，其按钮下端设置有一个凸 块，按钮中的压簧在压迫状态时， 其按钮下端的凸块搁置在短路动作机构中 的动作杆的下面。
19、 如权利要求 3所述的具有短路自锁功能的断路器， 其特征在于： 自 锁机构和复位机构由外套、 复位按钮、 旋转套和活动块构成， 其中： 外套固 定在三相塑壳式断路器的外壳上，外套的下端套内设置有外套内凸台； 旋转 套和活动块设置在外套内，外套与旋转套之间设置有横向拉簧， 活动块的下 端漏出外套并与三相塑壳式断路器中短路动作机构的动作杆相接触，活动块 的上端开有一个凹槽， 其上端的两边沿设置有出边， 活动块上端的出边搁置 在外套内凸台的上方； 旋转套设置在活动块的上方，旋转套和活动块之间设 置有压簧，旋转套的下端设置有与活动块上端凹槽相配合的凸台，旋转套的 上端与三相塑壳式断路器的外壳相接触，旋转套内设置有螺旋槽； 复位按钮 设置在旋转套内， 复位按钮上设置有插入旋转套内螺旋槽的插销。
PCT/CN2009/070833 2008-07-04 2009-03-17 具有短路自锁功能的断路器 Ceased WO2010000144A1 (zh)

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JP5444336B2 (ja) 2014-03-19
BRPI0913668A2 (pt) 2016-10-04
AU2009266231A1 (en) 2010-01-07
EP2309528A4 (en) 2014-11-26
MX2011000148A (es) 2011-07-20

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