WO2010011157A1 - Способ переработки материалов в аппарате барабанного типа и устройство для его осуществления - Google Patents
Способ переработки материалов в аппарате барабанного типа и устройство для его осуществления Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010011157A1 WO2010011157A1 PCT/RU2009/000060 RU2009000060W WO2010011157A1 WO 2010011157 A1 WO2010011157 A1 WO 2010011157A1 RU 2009000060 W RU2009000060 W RU 2009000060W WO 2010011157 A1 WO2010011157 A1 WO 2010011157A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- filler
- feedstock
- sections
- bodies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- 0 *CC1*=CCC1 Chemical compound *CC1*=CCC1 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
- F26B11/0463—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall
- F26B11/0468—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall for disintegrating, crushing, or for being mixed with the materials to be dried
- F26B11/0472—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis having internal elements, e.g. which are being moved or rotated by means other than the rotating drum wall for disintegrating, crushing, or for being mixed with the materials to be dried the elements being loose bodies or materials, e.g. balls, which may have a sorbent effect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of processing agricultural waste and human agricultural activity, in particular, to methods for the disposal and processing of manure, straw, sawdust and other waste and / or products that can pollute the living environment of the agricultural population and thereby affect the health of small residents villages, farms, shift teams, etc. teams working and / or living in places with undeveloped infrastructure away from technologically developed centers.
- the invention can also be used for the processing of municipal solid waste.
- waste is a serious factor in pressure on the environment. Any specialization in agriculture leads to the formation of an excess of specific wastes, which, even being environmentally friendly in themselves, pose an environmental hazard due to their quantity and excessive concentration in a limited area.
- waste in particular, includes manure and litter in animal husbandry, straw in grain growing, waste from winemaking in viticulture, waste from wood processing and logging, etc.
- the processing of these wastes at specialized enterprises is often economically disadvantageous, because either it is associated with exorbitant transportation costs to the place of disposal, or with the excessive cost of processing, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of basic products.
- On-site processing is impossible, due to the lack of economic motivation for the producers, and also due to the lack of appropriate universal technological equipment capable of processing a certain type of waste at different times of the year, for example, in the fall and winter to process straw, in winter - manure, etc. .P.
- the problem can only be solved if a sufficiently universal technology and technological equipment that implements it is developed, capable of processing a fairly wide range of waste, for example, most agricultural waste.
- the method and device must be universal, so that without special modifications to solve a number of technological problems, such as drying, grinding, homogenization, mixing, heat treatment of various types (pyrolysis, gasification, burning, calcination, burning), wet processing (including washing), chemical treatment (including redox, ion-exchange, substitution, sorbent treatment, catalytic treatment, etc.), biological treatment, including composting;
- the method and device should ensure the economic feasibility of processing agricultural waste, which, in most cases, can only be achieved by processing the original waste into commercial products, for example, by processing the waste into fertilizer or compost, which can again be put into agricultural production;
- a known method of processing combustible solid household waste by gasification and pyrolysis to produce energy and gasification products in accordance with which the recyclable waste is loaded into a type gasification reactor shaft furnace, possibly with pieces of non-combustible non-consumable materials to increase the gas permeability of the load.
- On the opposite side of the reactor from which the accumulation of solid products works, feed a gasification agent containing oxygen and subject the charged waste gasification in countercurrent gasification agent.
- the method allows efficiently process solid waste and receive thermal energy.
- a known method of heat treatment of bulk materials implemented in a rotary kiln (see RF patent N ° 2027134, CL. F27B7 / 00, 1995), providing for the loading of materials into a drum-type furnace through an axial hole of a smaller diameter of the loading end, bringing the furnace into rotation, feeding into the furnace from the side of the discharge end of the hot gases, leading to heating of the material in the furnace and unloading the material through an axial hole of a larger diameter of the discharge end.
- the method is technologically simple enough and does not require sophisticated equipment and qualified personnel for its implementation.
- the known method has low productivity, which is associated with a low filling factor of the drum volume with the starting material and a low degree of effective interaction of the material with the gas stream, because in fact, only the surface layer of the material is able to interact with it.
- Closest to the claimed method is a method of drying pasty materials (see RF patent JVa 2100721, CL. F26B1 1/04, 1997), taken as a prototype, including the formation of an overflowing layer of filler (inert material that is not chemically involved in the processing process feedstock), blowing the filler layer with a drying agent, supply of raw material rial onto a spill-over layer of heated filler, conductive-convective drying of the material and removal of dry material from the drying zone.
- the method is technologically simple enough and does not require sophisticated equipment and qualified personnel for its implementation.
- the drying process is more intense, the greater the mass of the filler and the higher its temperature, however, while the massive filler can grind the dried product during drying, for example, planting material (grain, legumes, pome seeds, etc.), which is unacceptable.
- a rotary kiln for heat treatment of bulk materials containing walls in the form of rings aligned with it at the loading and unloading ends of the drum, the ring height at the furnace loading end being greater than the ring height at the furnace unloading end, which allows gravity unloading from the furnace .
- the ring at the discharge end of the furnace is equipped with additional holes for the possibility of complete discharge of material from the drum (see RF patent N ° 2027134, CL. F27B7 / 00, 1995).
- the furnace is very simple in design and does not require qualified personnel for maintenance.
- the main disadvantages of the known device are, firstly, its limited purpose - heat treatment of bulk materials.
- the known device contributes to the clumping of bulk material in the process of heat treatment, which greatly limits its capabilities even when drying or heating the material.
- the main disadvantage of the known device is its limited purpose - the heating of bulk materials.
- the closest in technical essence to the claimed technical solution is a drying unit based on a self-unloading inclined rotating thermally insulated drum, divided into sections by annular partitions with axial passage openings of different diameters, increasing from the input loading unit to the output unloading unit.
- the drum is filled through the loading unit with a hot inert filler, which, reaching the level of the through hole in the partition, is poured into the next section of the drum.
- the sludge of the material to be dried is fed to the hot filler, which, when dried, wakes up through the mesh of the outer shell of the drum (see RF patent JVe 2130959, CL. C10B53 / 00, 1999).
- the dryer is quite simple to operate and does not require qualified personnel for its maintenance.
- the main disadvantages of the known device are, firstly, its limited purpose - drying the liquid sludge of the utilized material with the aim of its subsequent burning in a special vertical furnace, in which the filler is also heated, which is necessary to ensure the drying process. Without a vertical oven, the dryer cannot function.
- the installation is intended only for drying the liquid sludge of the utilized material and cannot be used for the disposal of other wastes, for example, solid or gaseous.
- the productivity of the known installation for heating the source material is determined by the number of bodies of inert filler, simultaneously located in the drum and the ability to store them a certain amount of heat, as well as the speed of circulation of the filler through the drum.
- the productivity of the known installation for heating the source material is determined by the number of bodies of inert filler, simultaneously located in the drum and the ability to store them a certain amount of heat, as well as the speed of circulation of the filler through the drum.
- the basis of the proposed method is the task of creating a universal method that allows you to process various materials (including agricultural waste), free from the above disadvantages of the prototype due to the fact that the ongoing technological processes are interconnected in technical and technological essence, carried out on standardized equipment and insignificant but they differ only in technological regimes that determine the degree of interaction of the feedstock with gaseous, liquid or solid materials, simultaneously present in the drum along with the feedstock.
- the specified task in a universal method of processing materials in a sectional apparatus of a drum type with through holes in the partitions between the sections including the supply of raw materials, inert filler bodies and a gas agent to the apparatus, as well as setting the apparatus in motion and creating a through flow of the gas agent through the apparatus, is achieved the fact that the bodies of the filler fill the sections of the apparatus in whole or in part, and above the level of the through holes, while forming on the path of the gas agent flow form an active zone in which sprinkling and / or spilling of the feedstock is carried out at a predetermined speed and / or time, providing movement between the surfaces of the filler bodies and / or through the filler bodies themselves and adjusting the time and / or intensity of the interaction of the feedstock with a gas agent.
- the specified implementation of the method can significantly improve, in particular, to intensify, in comparison with the prototype, the process of interaction between substances, both in the same and in different aggregate states (liquid - solid, liquid - gas, solid - gas) and expand, in comparison with the prototype, the number of technological operations carried out - along with drying and grinding, you can additionally carry out:
- the inventive method allows to create a universal method for processing various agricultural wastes based on previously obtained empirical dependencies as well as other types of waste, including household and waste wood processing enterprises.
- an agricultural enterprise or a farm can not only efficiently process its agricultural waste, but also provide itself with sufficient heat energy for heating industrial and residential premises, as well as receive additional commercial products from waste, such as fertilizers, compost and etc. or provide services (or perform work for their needs) in the dressing of planting material, in the conditional drying of received products, for example, grain, etc.
- the basis of the claimed device is the task of creating a universal device that allows you to process various materials, including various types of agricultural waste, including liquid, solid and gaseous, and free from the above disadvantages of the prototype.
- a drum-type device for processing materials including a drum filled with inert filler bodies and divided into sections by transverse partitions with through holes, equipped with loading and unloading devices and a drive for driving the drum, is solved by the fact that each section of the drum is loaded bodies of inert filler to a level not lower than the upper edges of the bore holes at any working position of the drum, and at the ends of the drum or on its side th surface provided with holes for supply and discharge of gas agent.
- the specified implementation of the device allows you to implement the inventive method by creating an active zone in the rotating drum along the path of the gas agent and in this zone to actively interact the feedstock with the gas agent.
- an adjustable drum rotation drive which is able to carry out the following modes: change the rotation speed of the drum and / or reverse rotation and / or rotation of the drum by a predetermined angle and / or stopping the drum for a while in the process of moving.
- the sections of the drum should be provided with pouring plates mounted on transverse partitions, and on the inner surface of the drum should be installed pouring blades.
- transverse partitions of the drum sections with a variable passage area, for example, in the form of a multi-leaf diaphragm used in the camera to change the amount of light passing through the lens.
- the inert filler bodies used for various technological processes and / or located in different sections of the drum are made to differ from each other in shape and / or size and / or material of manufacture.
- the body of an inert filler can be made in the form of hollow capsules with a perforated surface, inside of which there may be particles of inert material (ceramic balls, glass balls, etc.) and / or active substances, for example, pellets of selicogel, a catalyst, etc., while the active substance (or substances) can be applied to the inner and / or outer surface of the capsules.
- inert material ceramic balls, glass balls, etc.
- active substances for example, pellets of selicogel, a catalyst, etc.
- FIG.l - 8 are drawings illustrating the essence of the claimed invention.
- Figure l shows the installation for drying products, including: drum 1, divided by partitions 2 with through holes 3 into working sections 4, the input section 5 with retaining perforated wall 6 and the output section 7 with retaining perforated wall 8, filled with filler 9 to the level of dynamic filling 10; a loading head 11 with a loading device of a screw type 12 and a loading chamber for the filler 13; discharge head 14 with a discharge opening 15 and an air inlet 16; a drive mechanism consisting of a gear motor 17 with a pinion shaft 18 and a gear ring 19, as well as thrust supporting rollers 20, covering the thrust crown 21 and supporting rollers 22; sealing nodes 23; supporting movable platform 24, rotatable around the axis of rotation; fixing thrust plates 25 for fixing the perforated retaining walls 6 and 8; air purifier 26; air fan 27.
- Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a fragment of a longitudinal section of a drum explaining the principle of formation of an active zone and a stream line of gas flows, including: pouring plates 28; pouring shoulder blades 29; core 30; streamlines of the main gas stream 31; minor gas stream lines 32 and 33.
- Fig. 3 shows a diagram of the cross section of the drum (the filler is not shown conventionally), explaining the principle of operation of the pouring plates and pouring blades, including the image of the processed raw materials: at the side surface of the drum 34 and 35, as well as pouring along the pouring plate 36.
- Figure 4 shows the installation for liquid purification of air from ammonia, further comprising: an intake air chamber 37 mounted on the loading head 11; tank 39 for liquid cleaning agent with a valve 40; air sampling chamber 41; a chamber for discharging liquid spent agent 42 with a valve 43; drain tank 44 with tap 45.
- Figure 5 shows the installation for powder purification of air from ammonia, further comprising: a chamber 46 for the spent agent; metering device 47 with a rod 48; container for packing dry fertilizer 49.
- Figure 6 shows the installation for drying the biogas obtained from the bioreactor after bioprocessing, for example, manure, further comprising: hollow spheres of the filler 50 with perforation 51 and filled inside with silica gel granules 52.
- Figure 7 shows a diagram of a double-drum plant for burning manure in order to obtain heat (a reference movable platform is not shown conventionally), including: a left drum 53 with a perforated wall 54; a central head 55 with a guide groove 56; right drum 57 with heat exchanger 58 and perforated wall 59; right head 60 with ignition nozzle 61, ash pan 63, a brush 64, a tray for dumping the filler 65 and the shutter 66; conveyor for lifting filler 67; gas afterburner 68; heat exchanger 69; ash container 70; carbon dioxide sensor (CO 2 ); oxygen sensor 72 (O 2 ).
- CO 2 carbon dioxide sensor
- O 2 oxygen sensor
- Fig. 8 shows the changes of the double-drum plant shown in Fig. 7, thanks to which it is possible to additionally gasify the waste in order to obtain, for example, boiler fuel and thermal energy.
- the difference from the installation shown in Fig. 7 is that the installation is equipped with a refrigerator 73, on the water-cooled fins 74 of which liquid waste gasification products are condensed, which are discharged through the pipe 75, and the water condensate through the drain valve 76.
- Figure 9 shows the installation for liquid purification of air from ammonia.
- a distinctive feature of this installation is the presence of a stationary filler 77, in the form of cylindrical epics, which are placed inside each section of the drum 1 through sector hatches 78.
- lifting trough-like vanes 80 located on the inner surface of the drum and installed with an angle of inclination to the normal at the installation point in order to form “capacities” for lifting the liquid to the required height.
- Figure 1 shows the installation for drying products, for example, cereals, pome seeds or legumes. It can also be used for drying, for example, manure, chicken droppings, etc.
- the installation drum 1 is pre-tilted using a movable support platform 24 and the filler 9 is loaded, for example, in the form of spheres with a diameter of 30-150 mm and a bulk density of 100-1000 kg / m 3 . To do this, fill the filler 9 through the loading chamber 13 with the rotating drum 1.
- the rotation of the drum 1 is carried out using a gear motor 17 with a drive gear shaft 18 and a driven gear ring 19 mounted on the drum housing 1.
- the feedstock is fed through the screw loader 12 into the inlet section 5 and begins to wake up between the spheres of the filler 9. Due to the fact that for a particular processed product empirically selected certain characteristics of the device (speed and rotation modes of the drum 1, the inclination of the axis of the drum 1, diameter the spheres of the filler 9 and its material, the dimensions of the through holes 3 in the partitions 2, the level 10 of the dynamic filling of the filler 9 sections 4, 5 and 7), the air flow generated by the air fan 27 is moved from the air inlet 16 along the shortest path AB (see Fig. 2) through the through holes 3 and creates the main axial air flow 31 through the active zone 30, and not in the zone of bending gas flows 32 and 33.
- Zeolite in this case acts as a carrier powder, which after the interaction of nitric acid with ammonia vapors becomes a loose nitrogen fertilizer (NH 4 NO 3 ) and with the help of a metering device 47 with a rod 48 can immediately be packaged in measuring containers. Once in the moist soil such fertilizer, for a long time gives ammonium nitrate, while the zeolite at the same time improves the structure of the soil.
- a loose nitrogen fertilizer NH 4 NO 3
- Fig.6 For drying biogas, can be used the installation shown in Fig.6, which almost completely repeats the installation of air purification in Fig.4. The difference is that instead of a cleaning agent, silica gel granules 52 are used, placed inside the spheres of the filler 50 with perforated holes 51. Water vapor present in the original biogas passing through the perforated holes 51 is captured by silica gel granules 52, and the dried biogas having more high calorific value, supplied to the consumer.
- silica gel granules 52 instead of a cleaning agent, silica gel granules 52 are used, placed inside the spheres of the filler 50 with perforated holes 51. Water vapor present in the original biogas passing through the perforated holes 51 is captured by silica gel granules 52, and the dried biogas having more high calorific value, supplied to the consumer.
- Manure through the screw type loading device 12 enters the left drum 53, where it is dried by the heat of the hot filler 9 coming from the right drum 57, and through the perforated wall 54 and the guide chute 56 enters with the spheres of the filler 9 into the right drum 57, in which previously, with the help of hot air, through the nozzle 61 (with the shutter 66 closed), the temperature of the dry manure is raised above 400 C, after which it begins to ignite spontaneously.
- the process of spontaneous combustion and burning of manure is monitored using carbon dioxide and oxygen sensors 72.
- the flow of hot air through the nozzle 61 is turned off and the damper 66 is opened and the drums rotate.
- the heated spheres of the filler 9 from the drum 57 begin to flow into the loading chamber 13.
- the rate of arrival of the heated spheres of the filler 9 into the loading chamber 13, as well as the speed of their circulation through the drums 53 and 57, is controlled by their excess over the number of filler spheres inside the drums 53 and 57 and the speed of rotation of the drum.
- the presence of heated spheres of the filler 9 in the drum 53 increases the speed of drying of manure in it.
- a fixed heat exchanger 58 For the removal of heat from the drum 57, a fixed heat exchanger 58 is used, which convectively and by radiation takes heat from the outer surface of the drum 57.
- Hot air from the drum 57 enters through the gas head 55 into the gas afterburner 68, which (in the presence of an elevated concentration of carbon monoxide emissions (CO) determined not shown in Figure afterburner CO gas sensor 68), to the state of the afterburning gas carbon dioxide (CO 2), thereby esch further increasing its temperature.
- the device allows you to burn excess manure, while receiving heat for heating residential and industrial premises, and use ash from the burning of manure as a mineral fertilizer.
- other materials with calorific value can be burnt in the installation, for example, straw (pre-ground), wood processing waste, bioreactor waste, wine-making waste, household waste, etc. All these types of waste should be pre-ground, preferably to large size, sufficient to spill between bodies and / or through the bodies of the filler and be dry enough for the combustion process to occur. In the case of waste with different calorific value, it is advisable to add waste with a higher calorific value to waste with a lower calorific value (or more humid).
- the pyrolysis of the organic part of the waste occurs on the left side of the drum 57 due to the heat of the hot gases generated during the combustion of carbon.
- the thermal decomposition of the organic part of the waste releases volatile pyrolysis products.
- the solid residue from the pyrolysis which is a coke-like mass, partially burns in the central and right parts of the drum 57, and the rest, not burned carbon, is gasified by an additional gasifying agent supplied through the nozzle 61, for example, water vapor.
- the gasification agent is supplied in an amount sufficient to process all the remaining carbon into carbon monoxide (CO).
- CO carbon monoxide
- liquid gasification products pyrolysis resins
- nozzle 75 the liquid gasification products (pyrolysis resins) are discharged through the nozzle 75 and are used, for example, as an alternative to boiler fuel.
- Non-condensable combustible components of the product gas are burned in the gas burner 68 in the same manner as in the example installation shown in FIG. 7.
- the apparatus shown in Fig. 9 can be used, which, unlike the apparatus shown in Fig. 4, uses a stationary filler 77 in the form of cylindrical brushes - “epiks”, used, for example, as drum cleaners on garbage machines, sweeping dirt and dust from the streets and representing two or more twisted wires between each other, between which are diametrically clamped, for example, synthetic or metal threads.
- the cleaned air with ammonia vapors enters through the air chamber 37 mounted on the loading head 11 through the perforated wall 6 of the drum 1, which is preloaded with filler 77 through sector hatches 78.
- a weak solution enters from the tank 39 for the liquid cleaning agent through the valve 40 into the drum 1 nitric acid, which, getting on the surface of filler filaments
- the inventive method and device allows you to create a new universal technology for processing various types of waste, as well as a universal device that allows you to implement the inventive method in an agricultural, woodworking or other manufacturing enterprise, where there is solid, liquid or gaseous waste that can be processed into commercial products.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801561301A CN102307681A (zh) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | 用于在滚筒装置中处理材料的方法及实施该方法的装置 |
| US13/148,888 US20110308287A1 (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | Method for processing materials in a drum apparatus and an apparatus for implementing the method |
| EP20090800615 EP2397239A4 (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | PROCESS FOR TRANSFORMING MATERIALS INTO A DRUM TYPE APPARATUS AND METHOD THEREOF |
| JP2011549111A JP2012517336A (ja) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | ドラム装置で物質を処理するための方法とその方法を実現するための装置 |
| KR1020117020799A KR101299425B1 (ko) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | 드럼형 장치 내에서 물질을 처리하기 위한 방법 및 상기 방법을 실행하기 위한 장치 |
| CA 2751103 CA2751103C (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | Method for processing materials in a drum apparatus and an apparatus for implementing the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2008130145A RU2364451C1 (ru) | 2008-07-21 | 2008-07-21 | Универсальный способ переработки материалов в секционном аппарате барабанного типа с проходными отверстиями в перегородках между секциями и устройство для его осуществления |
| RU2008130145 | 2008-07-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010011157A1 true WO2010011157A1 (ru) | 2010-01-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/RU2009/000060 Ceased WO2010011157A1 (ru) | 2008-07-21 | 2009-02-11 | Способ переработки материалов в аппарате барабанного типа и устройство для его осуществления |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110308287A1 (ru) |
| EP (1) | EP2397239A4 (ru) |
| JP (1) | JP2012517336A (ru) |
| KR (1) | KR101299425B1 (ru) |
| CN (1) | CN102307681A (ru) |
| CA (1) | CA2751103C (ru) |
| RU (1) | RU2364451C1 (ru) |
| WO (1) | WO2010011157A1 (ru) |
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| CN106871623A (zh) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-20 | 周华宾 | 一种便捷式秸秆烘干机 |
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| JP6044958B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-13 | 2016-12-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 乾留装置 |
| CN104607392A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-13 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | 一种垃圾风力分选装置 |
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| DE202015105780U1 (de) * | 2015-10-30 | 2015-11-11 | Josef Fliegl jun. | Trocknungsvorrichtung |
| FR3043088B1 (fr) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-11-17 | Haffner Energy | Dispositif de thermolyse a etages |
| RU2652474C1 (ru) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-04-26 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) | Способ сушки зерна |
| WO2019209958A1 (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | Industrial Waste Processors, LLC | System and method for managing and for documenting waste management |
| CN110749174B (zh) * | 2019-10-12 | 2024-01-12 | 福建南方路面机械股份有限公司 | 一种烘干滚筒气固分流装置及烘干滚筒及方法 |
| CN114436390B (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-12-09 | 南京大学 | 一种臭氧催化氧化反应器及其在粘胶纤维废水处理中应用 |
| CN118189565B (zh) * | 2024-05-20 | 2024-07-09 | 常州银增材料有限公司 | 一种羧甲基纤维素钠制备用烘干装置 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102307681A (zh) | 2012-01-04 |
| EP2397239A4 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| JP2012517336A (ja) | 2012-08-02 |
| CA2751103A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
| US20110308287A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| KR20110115156A (ko) | 2011-10-20 |
| KR101299425B1 (ko) | 2013-08-29 |
| CA2751103C (en) | 2014-11-18 |
| EP2397239A1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| RU2364451C1 (ru) | 2009-08-20 |
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