WO2010053258A2 - 지방산을 이용한 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
지방산을 이용한 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010053258A2 WO2010053258A2 PCT/KR2009/005381 KR2009005381W WO2010053258A2 WO 2010053258 A2 WO2010053258 A2 WO 2010053258A2 KR 2009005381 W KR2009005381 W KR 2009005381W WO 2010053258 A2 WO2010053258 A2 WO 2010053258A2
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- fatty acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C1/00—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids
- C11C1/08—Refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing fatty acid alkyl esters using fatty acids, and more particularly, to purifying glycerin by reacting fatty acids, especially fatty acid distillate, and alcohol under high pressure conditions. Not only is it unnecessary, but it is related with the manufacturing method of fatty acid alkyl ester for biodiesel which is excellent in the conversion rate of a fatty acid.
- Diesel oil has advantages such as good fuel economy, low price, and low amount of carbon dioxide generation, among various fuels obtained from crude oil, while many air pollutants are generated after combustion.
- Biodiesel is a natural circulation energy that has similar properties to diesel oil but can significantly reduce air pollution.
- vegetable oils and animal fats such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, etc. Obtained by the transesterification reaction of alcohol, waste cooking oil and the like.
- glycerin is produced as a by-product of about 10% by weight of biodiesel. Considering the fact that the plant construction of biodiesel is rapidly progressing in the world, the oversupply of glycerin It is expected.
- fats and oils generally contain free fatty acids, and are present in a mixed form with fatty acid triglycerides. Free fatty acids are separated as by-products during the purification of fats and oils, and several methods are known for preparing fatty acid alkyl esters from these separated free fatty acids. Methods of esterifying free fatty acids are disclosed in EP 127104A, EP 184740A, and US Pat. No. 4,164,506, etc. In these methods, fatty acids and fatty acid triglycerides at a temperature of about 65 ° C. under sulfuric acid or sulfonic acid catalysts are disclosed. The esterification reaction was carried out by heating the mixture of and methanol together.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2004-87625 discloses a method for removing free fatty acids from waste cooking oil using a solid acid catalyst. The above methods commonly use catalysts such as sulfuric acid.
- the acid catalyst deteriorates the quality of the biodiesel if it is not completely removed after the reaction, it is not only required to perform a complicated process for neutralizing, filtration and washing, but also a reactor. Since the material must have corrosion resistance, there is a disadvantage that the equipment cost of the manufacturing apparatus increases. On the other hand, in the case of a solid acid, the catalyst has a short lifespan and a high cost for regenerating the catalyst.
- the conventional methods because the esterification reaction of fatty acids at low temperature, the water produced in the reaction step is not effectively removed to the outside of the reaction system, the conversion rate of fatty acids to fatty acid alkyl ester is low, biodiesel use There is a disadvantage of not having proper physical properties.
- the applicant's Korean Patent Publication No. 2007-106136 and International Patent Publication No. WO 2007/126166 disclose a method and apparatus which can solve the above-mentioned disadvantages to some extent, but the method does not use a catalyst.
- the disadvantage is that the reaction rate is relatively slow.
- the applicant's Korean Patent Publication No. 2008-41438 and International Patent Application No. PCT / KR2008 / 1831 disclose a method of improving the reaction rate and conversion rate by using a metal catalyst, but using the reactor disclosed in the patent. And, in the conditions of 10 bar or more, when esterification of the fatty acid and alcohol, there is a disadvantage that the reaction efficiency is lowered because the removal of water generated in the reaction is not smooth.
- esterification reactors which are typically designed to be carried out at high pressures, for example, when the esterification reactors of general structure are used for the esterification reaction of fatty acids and alcohols at high pressure conditions of at least 10 bar, are produced in the reaction. It is difficult to produce fatty acid alkyl esters for biodiesel which are used as automobile fuels that require high quality due to poor water removal.
- the high-pressure esterification reactor is used under low pressure conditions (10 bar or less) without any special modification, the size of gas piping, nozzles, and heat exchangers around the reactor is relatively small, so that the pressure There is a drawback that the pressure drop is drastically increased and the output must be reduced, rather than the reactor designed output.
- a pipe line, a nozzle, a heat exchanger, or the like may be used. It has to be modified or replaced, which is expensive.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus capable of efficiently esterifying a fatty acid and an alcohol even under a high catalyst reaction condition under a non-catalyst or a metal catalyst.
- a plurality of trays are installed in the reactor in a horizontal direction so that a plurality of compartments are formed in the reactor in a vertical direction. Openings are formed at the stages to connect up and down neighboring compartments, and the fatty acid raw materials are introduced to the upper portion of the columnar countercurrent reactor in which the openings of the adjacent stages are crossed to cross each other, and the alcohol is introduced to the lower portion of the reactor.
- a reaction temperature 200 to 350 ° C. and It provides a method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester for biodiesel fuel, comprising the step of esterifying the fatty acid and alcohol at the counter current (counter current) at a reaction pressure of 1 to 35 bar.
- the present invention also includes a columnar reactor body; And a plurality of compartments installed in a horizontal direction so that a plurality of compartments are formed in the reactor body in a vertical direction, and a plurality of trays formed by dispersing valves through which gas passes at regular intervals. Openings are formed in the plurality of stages to connect up and down neighboring compartments, and the openings of the neighboring stages are alternately formed to cross each other, and at a reaction temperature of 200 to 350 ° C. and a reaction pressure of 1 to 35 bar.
- a biodiesel fuel for introducing a fatty acid raw material into the upper portion of the reactor body, and introducing an alcohol into the lower portion of the reactor body to esterify the fatty acid and the alcohol under counter current conditions at each tray.
- An apparatus for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester is provided.
- the fatty acid alkyl ester production method and apparatus unlike conventional methods, by adding a catalyst or a metal catalyst, at a high temperature and low pressure or high pressure (1 to 35 bar) conditions, The esterification reaction between alcohol and alcohol can produce a high quality fatty acid alkyl ester for biodiesel.
- the process of the present invention does not require a process such as neutralization, filtration, and washing to remove the catalyst, and a high purity and high conversion fatty acid alkyl ester can be obtained by a simple two-step distillation process, thereby simplifying the overall process. Therefore, the process equipment cost and operation cost can be reduced.
- Idle reactors such as those used for the manufacture of dimethyltetephtalate (DMT), for esterification reactors designed for low or high pressure conditions that have been shut down due to reduced demand worldwide, can be It is applicable to the method of this invention.
- the production method of fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention is not only ideally applicable to a reaction apparatus having a wide range of design pressure on a commercial scale, but also has an economic advantage in a small apparatus, in particular, the prepared fatty acid methyl ester is additionally added. It can be used directly as biodiesel without going through the process.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus that can be used in the method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram showing an example of the fatty acid alkyl ester reaction unit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagram showing another example of the fatty acid alkyl ester reaction unit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a column type countercurrent reactor useful as an apparatus for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention.
- Figure 5 shows another example of a columnar countercurrent reactor useful as an apparatus for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing the water content according to the position inside the reactor when the esterification reaction of fatty acid and methanol using a low pressure batch tank reactor equipped with a stirrer and the high pressure column type countercurrent reactor of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the inflow of alcohol according to the position inside the reactor when the esterification reaction of fatty acid and methanol using a continuous stirred tank reactor and the high pressure column type countercurrent reactor of the present invention.
- 8 to 11 is a view showing the connection structure of the columnar reactor that can be usefully used in the production apparatus of fatty acid alkyl ester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus that can be used in the method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a fatty acid raw material 1 hereinafter, simply referred to as fatty acid as necessary
- an alcohol 2 are introduced into the reaction unit 10, and the esterification reaction proceeds at a constant temperature and pressure conditions. do.
- Crude fatty acid alkyl ester (4) produced in the esterification reaction is transferred to the primary purification unit 20, the low boiling point impurities (5) by distillation through the top of the distillation column of the primary purification unit 20 Can be removed.
- the primary purified fatty acid alkyl ester 6 is transferred to the secondary purification unit 30, and by distillation, residual impurities 8 such as metal catalysts used in the reaction remain, and the purified fatty acid alkyl esters 7 ) Is discharged through the top of the distillation column of the secondary purification unit (30).
- the reaction unit 10 is connected to the alcohol recovery unit 40, the excess alcohol (alcohol / water, 3) that does not participate in the reaction with water generated in the reactor of the reaction unit 10 is the alcohol recovery unit 40, where alcohol 2 is distilled and recycled to reaction section 10, and water 9 is sent to a wastewater treatment plant.
- the fatty acid raw material (1) used in the production of the fatty acid alkyl ester (7) may be a pure fatty acid (RCOOH) having 14 to 24 carbon atoms of the aliphatic moiety (R).
- RCOOH a pure fatty acid
- R aliphatic moiety
- the fatty acid distillate comprises 65 to 95% by weight, preferably 80 to 85% by weight of fatty acids having 14 to 24 carbon atoms in the aliphatic moiety, ⁇ -carotene, less than 14 carbon atoms in the aliphatic moiety, Or more than 24 fatty acids and the like.
- fatty acid alkyl esters it is more economically advantageous to use the fatty acid distillates as raw materials.
- a monohydric alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms preferably a lower monohydric alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol or propanol can be used, and methanol is particularly preferable.
- the method for producing a fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention can be carried out in the presence of a catalyst-free or metal catalyst.
- the metal catalyst is cobalt (iron), iron (manganese), zinc (zinc), titanium (titanium), antimony (germanium), zirconium (zirconium), Compounds comprising a metal component selected from the group consisting of lead and mixtures thereof, preferably acetates, oxides, alkoxides, hydroxides, carbonates of the metal components (carbonate) compounds and the like, for example, cobalt acetate, manganese acetate, zinc acetate (Zinc Acetate), iron acetate (Iron Acetate), germanium dioxide (Germanium Dioxide), tetrabutyl Titanate (etc.) Can be used.
- the metal catalyst is added to the esterification reaction in the form of a solution dissolved in alcohol, and the amount of the metal catalyst used is preferably 30 to 200 ppm (by weight) of the metal component in the catalyst relative to the fatty acid raw material. More preferably from 50 to 100 ppm. If the amount of the metal catalyst used is less than the above range, the reaction rate is lowered and it is not economically desirable. Even if the amount of the metal catalyst exceeds the above range, no further reaction rate improvement effect is obtained, but it is economically disadvantageous. I just do it.
- the amount of the metal catalyst added in proportion to the amount of the impurity.
- the amount of alcohol used is used in an amount sufficient to dissolve the metal catalyst.
- the esterification reaction may be performed in one step or two steps.
- the reaction part 10 is composed of one reactor and one distillation column, and in the case of two steps, the reaction part 10 is composed of two reactors and one distillation column.
- the distillation column may be used jointly or, as in FIG. 2, each stage may consist of one reactor and one distillation column.
- the reactor and the distillation column may be integrally configured without being present separately, wherein the lower part serves as a reactor and the upper part is configured to serve as a distillation tower.
- a seal tray may be installed between the upper part serving as a distillation column and the lower part serving as a reactor so that water does not fall from the upper part to the lower part.
- the esterification reaction according to the present invention is made in a continuous manner, as described above can be made in one step, or divided into two steps, if the residence time is sufficient, a high conversion rate can be obtained with only one step reaction, but preferably Is carried out in two steps.
- FIG. 2 is an example in which the reaction part 10 of FIG. 1 is embodied, and shows a reaction part including two reactors 11 and 12 and two distillation towers 13 and 14.
- the product 4a having undergone a reaction in the primary reactor 11 is introduced into the secondary reactor 12 together with the alcohol 2 to participate in the secondary reaction, and the product undergoes the secondary reaction. (Crude fatty acid alkyl ester 4) is sent to the purification section 20, 30 of FIG.
- the mixture 3a of water produced in each reactor 11 and 12 and excess alcohol not participating in the reaction is discharged to the distillation towers 13 and 14, separated from the distillation towers 13 and 14, and the distillation tower 13 14) pure alcohol or alcohol / water azeotropy mixture 3b at the top, and water / alcohol mixture 3 having a high water concentration are discharged below the distillation columns 13 and 14.
- the pure alcohol or alcohol / water azeotropic mixture 3b obtained at the top of the distillation column 13 and 14 may be reused as the alcohol introduced into the reaction section 10, and the water / alcohol mixture 3 having a high water concentration may be It is transferred to the alcohol recovery part 40 of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a further embodiment of the reaction unit 10 of FIG. 1, and illustrates a reaction unit including two reactors 11 and 12 and one distillation column 13.
- the product 4a having undergone a reaction in the primary reactor 11 is introduced into the secondary reactor 12 together with the alcohol 2 to participate in the secondary reaction, and the product undergoes the secondary reaction. (Crude fatty acid alkyl ester 4) is sent to the purification section 20, 30 of FIG.
- the mixture 3a of water produced in the secondary reactor 12 and excess alcohol not participating in the reaction is introduced into the primary reactor 11 to participate in the primary reaction.
- the esterification temperature is 200 to 350 ° C., preferably 250 to 320 ° C.
- the reaction pressure is usually 1 to 35 bar, but the process according to the invention is 10 to 35 bar, in particular 20 to 30 bar. It has the characteristics of high reaction rate and conversion rate even at high pressure of bar.
- esterification reactors especially esterification reactors for the synthesis of dimethylterephtalate (DMT) are designed to operate at high pressures of 10 bar or more, and in particular, the size of the piping, heat exchanger and nozzles associated with the gas flow path is reduced. , Compared with heat exchanger and nozzle, is designed relatively small. Therefore, when the esterification reactor is operated under low pressure conditions, a pressure loss occurs and the amount of alcohol to be injected must be reduced, thereby reducing productivity. On the contrary, in order to maintain the design yield of the esterification reactor under low pressure conditions, the surrounding piping, heat exchangers, nozzles, etc. also need to be converted to the size required under low pressure conditions, which requires a large investment cost.
- DMT dimethylterephtalate
- the reaction is carried out continuously using a counter current column reactor consisting of a plurality of trays, Even in the low and high pressure ranges of 1 to 35 bar or more, the reaction is carried out with the same efficiency as low pressure conditions of 1 to 10 bar.
- the esterification reaction between the fatty acid and the alcohol is carried out using the columnar reactor, the fatty acid is added to the upper part of the reactor, and the alcohol satisfies the condition of counter current introduced into the lower part of the reactor, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency.
- each tray prevents a short pass of unreacted fatty acids, ensuring sufficient residence time, and has the effect of first-in first-out, resulting in conversion efficiency. To improve.
- the whole step of the reaction is 1 to 35 bar, preferably 10 to 35 bar, particularly preferably 20 It may be carried out at a constant pressure of from 30 bar.
- the continuous reaction is a two-stage reaction
- the first and second reactions are carried out at a constant pressure of 1 to 35 bar, or in the first reaction, 1 to 35 bar, preferably 10 to 35 bar, particularly preferably 20 to 30 bar
- the pressure of the secondary reaction is the same or slightly higher pressure than the primary reaction so that excess gaseous alcohol that does not participate in the reaction discharged from the secondary reactor can be smoothly introduced into the primary reactor. (Eg, 0.5 bar high pressure).
- the metal catalyst dissolved in alcohol can be continuously introduced into the reactor together with the fatty acid.
- the esterification reaction of a conventional fatty acid using an acid catalyst or a solid acid catalyst is usually carried out at a low temperature of less than 100 ° C., and since water produced during the reaction cannot be removed from the reaction system, the reaction cannot proceed beyond the reaction equilibrium. .
- the reaction since the reaction is carried out at a high temperature of 200 to 350 °C, the water produced in the reaction is continuously removed from the reaction system, with excess alcohol. Therefore, the esterification reaction according to the present invention has an advantage in that the reaction conversion rate is so high that the reaction reaction is over and close to the complete reaction.
- the acid value (mg KOH / g) should be lowered below a predetermined value, but if unreacted fatty acid component (14 to 18 carbon atoms in aliphatic portion) remains, The acid value of the fatty acid alkyl ester (mg KOH / g) is increased, there is a fear that the quality standards of biodiesel may not be met. Since the unreacted fatty acid component is similar in boiling point to fatty acid methyl ester and is not separated even by distillation, it must be removed by complete reaction in the reaction step.
- the fatty acid alkyl ester production method according to the present invention has a conversion rate of 99.7% or more of fatty acids, which can satisfy the value of the total acid value on biodiesel quality standards, while a fatty acid alkyl ester method using a conventional acid catalyst or a solid acid catalyst It is difficult to improve the conversion rate of fatty acids to 99.7% or more.
- the fatty acid alkyl ester production method according to the present invention uses a metal catalyst rather than an acid catalyst, and therefore, there is no need to use an expensive production facility that is resistant to an acid catalyst.
- the alcohol is added at a flow rate of 0.5 to 5 times, preferably 0.5 to 3 times, by weight relative to the fatty acid to be introduced, and at this time 30 to 200 ppm (based on the metal component) It is preferable to dissolve and inject a metal catalyst in the said alcohol, and the residence time of the whole reaction process is 1 to 10 hours, Preferably it is 3 to 5 hours.
- the amount of alcohol is out of the above range, there is a fear that the reaction rate, reaction yield, etc. are lowered, and it is not economically preferable.
- the esterification reactor used in the present invention is a column type counter current reactor operated at high pressure conditions of 10 to 35 bar.
- a plurality of trays are installed in the reactor in a horizontal direction so that a plurality of compartments are formed in the reactor in a vertical direction. Openings are formed at the ends of the upper and lower neighboring compartments, and the openings of the adjacent ends are alternately formed to cross each other so that the reactants pass through the plurality of compartments sequentially (see FIG. 4). ).
- fatty acid is introduced into the upper part of the reactor, and alcohol is introduced into the lower part so that the fatty acid and the alcohol are esterified under counter current conditions at each tray, and then By sequentially transferring to the tray, it ensures sufficient residence time for the reactants, prevents short pass of the reactants, and gives the effect of first-in first-out do.
- a plurality of valves or bubble caps through which gaseous alcohol passes are dispersed and formed at regular intervals so that the alcohol is evenly distributed and supplied to the reactants. . Since the column reactor of the present invention employs counter current, the water concentration is kept low at the bottom of the reactor. Therefore, even in a high pressure condition (10 bar or more), the same conversion efficiency as when performing reaction in a low pressure condition (10 bar or less) can be obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a column type countercurrent reactor useful as a production apparatus for fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention.
- the column type countercurrent reactor shown in FIG. 4 is a full liquid type.
- the column type reactor body 30 and a gas such as an alcohol or an alcohol / water mixture are passed through.
- a plurality of valves (Valve, 38) is a plurality of stages (Tray, 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d) formed by being distributed at regular intervals.
- the plurality of stages (Tray, 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d) are installed in the reactor body 30 in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of compartments are formed in the reactor in the vertical direction.
- Openings are formed at one end of the plurality of stages 34a, 34b, 34c, and 34d to communicate upper and lower neighboring compartments, and the openings of the neighboring stages are alternately formed to cross each other, so that a plurality of reactants are formed. It is supposed to pass all of the compartments in order (flow in the direction of the solid arrow in Fig. 4). Thus, the countercurrent reactor interior shown in FIG. 4 remains filled with reactants in the liquid phase.
- the valve 38 mounted on the plurality of stages (Tray, 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d) is a valve mainly used only when the gas moves upward, and uniformly disperses gas (alcohol) in the reactants.
- a plurality of, for example, 2 to 200, preferably 2 to 100 may be mounted, and the number of the trays (Tray, 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d) may vary depending on reactor design conditions. Usually, it is 2-100, Preferably it is 2-50.
- the fatty acid (1) as a raw material is introduced into the uppermost compartment from the upper part of the reactor (30), and sequentially moves to the lower compartment, and the alcohol (2) having a low water content is the lowermost compartment in the lower part of the reactor (30).
- a counter current flow method is used to sequentially move to the upper compartment, and the alcohol 2 introduced into the reactor 30 is gaseous at each stage (34, 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d).
- the valve 38 to improve the conversion efficiency.
- the mixture 3 of water produced in the reaction and excess alcohol not participating in the reaction is discharged above the reactor 30 in a gaseous state, and moved to the alcohol recovery unit 40 of FIG. 1. It is possible to obtain a high conversion rate using one reactor, but if the residence time is not sufficient, increase the number of trays of the reactor, or use two reactors in two steps as shown in FIG. The reaction can be carried out.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing another example of a column type countercurrent reactor useful as a manufacturing apparatus of a fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention.
- the column type countercurrent reactor shown in FIG. 5 includes a reactor body 50 and a plurality of trays 56a and 56b formed inside the reactor body 50, and also each compartment within the reactor body 50. Bubble cap to prevent unreacted fatty acids from short-passing to the lower space (compartment) and to make the first-in first-out of the reactant more complete 58) and an outlet weir 52a.
- the bubble cap 58 has a partition wall therein, and prevents gas and liquid from moving downward, and when the gas moves from the lower tray to the upper tray, the upper stage It has a structure that can move the gas while pushing out the liquid, and the outlet weir (52a) is to move only the liquid (reactant) sufficiently remaining in each tay (down).
- the trays 56a and 56b divide the inside of the reactor 50 into a plurality of internal spaces, that is, compartments 54a, 54b and 54c, and at one end of each tray 56a and 56b. An outlet weir 52a having an upper portion is formed.
- the partition wall 52a forms a downcomer 52b that communicates through neighboring compartments, and the partition wall 52a and the connection pipe 52b cross each other so as to cross each other at neighboring ends.
- the reactant is arranged to pass all of the plurality of compartments 54a, 54b, 54c sequentially (in the solid arrow direction flow in FIG. 5).
- the partition 52a separates the compartments 54a, 54b, and 54c from the opening of FIG. 5 so that the opening becomes a downcomer 52b.
- the upper height of the partition wall 52a is formed so that when a predetermined amount of the reactant is supplied, the reactant may overflow above the partition wall 52a and move to an adjacent lower tray, and the reactant compartment 54a. , 54b, 54c).
- the lower length of the partition 52a may be set to be equal to or less than the height of the reactant staying in the lower compartment for smooth movement of the reactant.
- a plurality of bubble caps 58 are installed in the trays 56a and 56b at regular intervals so that the alcohol 2 is evenly distributed in the respective compartments 54a, 54b and 54c. In the reactor shown in FIG.
- fatty acid (1) is introduced into the upper portion of the reactor, the countercurrent flow (counter current) method in which alcohol (2) having a low water content is introduced into the lower portion is used, alcohol (2) is a gas
- the esterification reaction is carried out in each stage 56a, 56b through the bubble cap 58 in a state, and the product 4 of the reaction is discharged through the bottom of the reactor 50, and the water produced in the reaction.
- the mixture of excess alcohol 3 not participating in the overreaction is discharged above the reactor 50 in a gaseous state and introduced into the alcohol recovery unit 40 of FIG. 1.
- the concentration of the unreacted fatty acid 1 and the concentration of the alcohol 2 are respectively different.
- the concentration is lowered as it is extinguished by the esterification reaction toward the lower compartment, the lower the concentration of alcohol (2) includes the water produced after the esterification reaction to move to the upper compartment.
- Each of the compartments 54a, 54b, 54c and 52a prevents unreacted fatty acids from shorting to the lower space in the reactor, and provides a sufficient route of travel with sufficient residence time and first-in-first-out. In order to achieve high conversion efficiency.
- One reactor can be used to obtain a high conversion rate, but if the residence time is not sufficient, increase the number of trays of the reactor or perform the reaction in two steps using two reactors as shown in FIG. It can be carried out.
- FIG. 6 shows the following Scheme 1 (R is 14 to 24 carbon atoms) using a low pressure (10 bar or less) batch tank reactor with a stirrer and a high pressure (10 bar or more) column type countercurrent reactor of the present invention.
- R is 14 to 24 carbon atoms
- FIG. 7 is a continuous stirred tank reactor disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2008-41438 and International Patent Application No. PCT / KR2008 / 1831 and the high pressure (10 bar or more) column type countercurrent type of the present invention.
- the figure shows the inflow of alcohol according to the position inside the reactor.
- a diaphragm was installed inside the reactor, and the inside of the reactor was separated into a plurality of compartments, and alcohol was introduced into each compartment, and each compartment was introduced into the compartment. Equipped with a stirrer.
- the stage (# 2) in which 0.9 methanol was introduced consumes 0.09 of alcohol in the reaction and discharges 0.81 of alcohol to the upper stage (# 3). Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, when using the columnar reactor according to the present invention, since a relatively large amount of alcohol is introduced in the entire region of the reactor, it is possible to promote the forward reaction of the esterification reaction, and to increase the reaction efficiency. In addition, in the case of using the columnar reactor according to the present invention, each tray prevents a short pass of unreacted fatty acids, ensuring a sufficient residence time, and first in, first out. -in first-out) to increase the conversion efficiency. These advantages result in the formation of optimal reaction conditions for the production of fatty acid methyl esters of low acid value. In addition, in the column type reactor of the present invention, in order to uniformly disperse and supply alcohol, a valve or bubble cap is not used without using an agitator that consumes electric power. cap), economically advantageous.
- FIG. 8 to 11 is a view showing the connection structure of the columnar reactor that can be usefully used in the production apparatus of fatty acid alkyl ester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This connection structure is to secure the residence time by connecting two reactors, as shown in Figure 2 or 3 when the residence time is not enough using one reactor.
- FIG. 8 is an example in which a liquid full column type countercurrent reactor shown in FIG. 4 is connected to a column type countercurrent reactor including an outlet weir shown in FIG. 5.
- Primary reactors 30, 11 for converting a portion of fatty acids (e.g., 80-95%) to fatty acid alkyl esters and secondary reactors (50) for converting the remaining unconverted fatty acids to fatty acid alkyl esters in said primary reactor. , 12).
- FIG. 9 is a column type countercurrent reactor with an outlet weir shown in FIG. 5 as the primary reactor 11 and a full liquid type column type shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a view illustrating an example in which a countercurrent reactor is connected to a secondary reactor 12, and FIG.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a column type countercurrent reactor in which a full liquid type column type countercurrent reactor shown in FIG. And it is a view showing an example used by connecting to the secondary reactor 12,
- Figure 11 is a column type countercurrent reactor with an outlet weir shown in Figure 5 the primary reactor (11) and secondary reactor ( 12) is a diagram showing an example used by connecting.
- two or more series reactors of the same or different type are connected in series to convert most of the fatty acids to fatty acid alkyl esters in the primary reactor 11, and then the internal space of the secondary reactor 12.
- fatty acids and alcohols are allowed to be sequentially transferred to another tray after esterification under counter current conditions, thereby preventing short passes of unreacted fatty acids and sufficient residence time in the reactants.
- first-in first-out can be imparted, so that the conversion reaction of fatty acids to fatty acid alkyl esters can be carried out effectively.
- the method and apparatus for producing fatty acid alkyl esters according to the present invention can produce high quality fatty acid alkyl esters not only at low pressure, but also at high pressures of 10 to 35 bar, and the conventional DMT (dimethylterephtalate) production reactor, etc.
- Various esterification reactors can be used without special modifications.
- Crude fatty acid alkyl esters (4) obtained in the esterification reaction of the present invention mostly consist of fatty acid alkyl esters, but relatively low molecular weight and high molecular weight fatty acid alkyl esters for use as industrial or biodiesel fuels, remainder Residue, etc. must be removed.
- fatty acid methyl esters in order to meet the quality standards of biodiesel, fatty acid alkyl esters having less than 14 or more than 24 carbon atoms in aliphatic parts and other low molecular weight impurities should be removed. Accordingly, the present invention performs purification through a two-step distillation process.
- the bottom temperature of the distillation column under a vacuum of 0.1 to 150 torr, preferably 0.1 to 40 torr 150 to 250 °C, preferably 180 to Maintained at 220 ° C., 1-10% by weight, preferably 2-5% by weight, of the influent is removed from the top of the distillation column. If the amount removed to the top of the distillation column is less than 1% by weight relative to the feed (feed) there is a fear that the low boiling point impurities may not be sufficiently removed, if the amount exceeds 10% by weight relative to the inflow may be a yield lowered.
- the lower temperature of the distillation column is maintained at 200 to 300 ° C., especially 220 to 280 ° C.
- the fatty acid of the phosphorus may be removed by removing 1 to 25% by weight of impurities in the bottom of the distillation column in the bottom of the distillation column, purified fatty acid alkyl ester of purified high purity in the top of the distillation column. If the impurities remaining in the lower part of the distillation column is less than 1 wt% with respect to the influent, there is a fear that a high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 25 wt% with respect to the influent, the yield may be lowered.
- the residual impurities are fatty acid alkyl esters having more than 24 carbon atoms in most of their compositions, they can be used as fuels for boilers and the like.
- the metal catalyst used in the reaction is discharged together with the residue, the quality of the fatty acid alkyl ester is not affected at all.
- the metal catalyst thus discharged with the residue can be waste treated or recycled after combustion and used again.
- Fatty acid alkyl esters, particularly fatty acid methyl esters, purified by the above method satisfy all quality standards of major countries such as Korea, the United States, and Europe for biodiesel, and thus may be immediately used as biodiesel oil.
- the water produced in the esterification reaction of the present invention is discharged from the reaction unit 10 with the excessively unreacted alcohol, this mixture is separated from the alcohol recovery unit 40, the water is wastewater treatment plant
- the alcohol is circulated back to the reaction unit 10 and reused.
- the alcohol recovery unit 40 is composed of a distillation column and an accompanying facility, and the lower temperature of the distillation column is adjusted according to the boiling point of the alcohol to distill the alcohol.
- the alcohol that is distilled and reused may contain 0 to 10% by weight, specifically 0.001 to 10% by weight of water. When the content of water contained in the alcohol is more than 10% by weight, there is a fear that the reaction rate in the reaction unit 10 lowers the reaction rate.
- the esterification reaction was carried out in a one-step reaction, and a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) such as (a) of FIG. 6 was used.
- CSTR continuous stirred tank reactor
- 0.5 kg of methanol dissolved in 1 kg of fatty acid distilate and 0.8 g of tetrabutyl titanate were added to the reactor, and then the temperature was adjusted to 300 ° C. and a pressure of 30 bar, and then 1300 g of methanol was continuously added.
- the reaction was carried out for 4 hours.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in the above reaction was 99.8%, and the total acid value finally reached was 0.34 mg KOH / g.
- the esterification reaction was carried out in a one-step reaction, and a batch CSTR reactor such as (a) of FIG. 6 was used.
- a batch CSTR reactor such as (a) of FIG. 6 was used.
- the reaction was carried out for 3 hours.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in the above reaction was 99.8%, and the total acid value finally reached was 0.36 mg KOH / g.
- the esterification reaction was carried out in a one-step reaction, and a batch CSTR reactor such as (a) of FIG. 6 was used.
- a batch CSTR reactor such as (a) of FIG. 6 was used.
- the reaction was carried out for 2 hours.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in the above reaction was 99.8%, and the total acid value finally reached was 0.34 mg KOH / g.
- the esterification reaction was carried out in a one-step reaction, and a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) such as (a) of FIG. 7 was used.
- CSTR continuous stirred tank reactor
- the reactor was adjusted to a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 20 bar, and fatty acid distillate obtained by distilling crude palm oil was introduced at a flow rate of 6 g / min, in proportion to the amount of fatty acid distillate.
- a small amount of methanol dissolved in 50 ppm of cobalt acetate (compared to fatty acid distilate) was simultaneously added to the top of the reactor, and 99.7% pure methanol (2) was introduced into the reactor at a flow rate of 6 g / min. The reaction was carried out to ensure.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in the reaction was 99.5%, the reaction was terminated, and finally the total acid value reached was 0.87 mg KOH / g.
- the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in Comparative Example 4 did not meet the quality standards of the fatty acid methyl ester for biodiesel used as a vehicle fuel requiring 0.5 mg KOH / g.
- the esterification reaction was carried out in a one-step reaction, and a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) such as (a) of FIG. 7 was used.
- CSTR continuous stirred tank reactor
- the reactor was adjusted to a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 10 bar, and fatty acid distillate obtained by distilling crude palm oil was introduced at a flow rate of 6 g / min, in proportion to the amount of fatty acid distillate.
- a small amount of methanol dissolved in 50 ppm of cobalt acetate (compared to fatty acid distilate) was simultaneously added to the top of the reactor, and 99.7% pure methanol (2) was introduced into the reactor at a flow rate of 6 g / min.
- the reaction was carried out to ensure.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in the reaction was 99.7%, the reaction was terminated, and finally the total acid value reached was 0.5 mg KOH / g.
- the esterification reaction was carried out in a one-step reaction, and a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) such as (a) of FIG. 7 was used.
- CSTR continuous stirred tank reactor
- the reactor was adjusted to a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 5 bar, and fatty acid distillate obtained by distilling crude palm oil was introduced at a flow rate of 6 g / min, in proportion to the input amount of fatty acid distillate.
- a small amount of methanol dissolved in 50 ppm of cobalt acetate (compared to fatty acid distilate) was simultaneously added to the top of the reactor, and 99.7% pure methanol (2) was introduced into the reactor at a flow rate of 6 g / min.
- the reaction was carried out to ensure.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester obtained in the reaction was 99.7%, the reaction was terminated, and finally the total acid value reached was 0.42 mg KOH / g.
- the esterification reaction proceeded in a two step reaction, and a reactor as shown in FIG. 11 was used.
- the primary reactor 11 is adjusted to a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 20 bar, and while fatty acid distillate is introduced at a flow rate of 10 g / min, 50 ppm of cobalt acetate is proportional to the input amount of fatty acid distillate.
- a small amount of methanol dissolved was simultaneously added to the upper part of the reactor, and a reaction time was ensured to ensure a residence time of 1.5 hours by directly adding a gaseous methanol / water mixture discharged from the secondary reactor 12 to the lower part of the reactor. I was.
- the primary reaction product 4a thus introduced was introduced into the upper portion of the secondary reactor 12, and 99.7% pure methanol 2 was introduced at the lower portion at a flow rate of 10 g / min.
- the temperature and pressure of the secondary reactor 12 were maintained at a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 20.5 bar to ensure a residence time of 1.5 hours.
- the conversion of fatty acid methyl ester (4) obtained through the bottom of the secondary reactor (12) was 99.8%, the reaction was completed (calculated less than 0.4).
- the esterification reaction proceeded in a two step reaction, and a reactor as shown in FIG. 11 was used.
- the primary reactor 11 is adjusted to a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 10 bar, and fatty acid distillate is introduced at a flow rate of 10 g / min, and 50 ppm of cobalt acetate (fatty acid distillate) is proportional to the input amount of fatty acid distillate.
- a small amount of the dissolved methanol) was simultaneously added to the upper part of the reactor, and a methanol / water mixture of a gaseous state discharged from the secondary reactor 12 was directly added to the lower part of the reactor to react with a residence time of 1.5 hours.
- the primary reaction product 4a thus introduced was introduced into the upper portion of the secondary reactor 12, and 99.7% pure methanol 2 was introduced at the lower portion at a flow rate of 10 g / min.
- the temperature and pressure of the secondary reactor 12 were maintained at a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 10.5 bar to ensure a residence time of 1.5 hours.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester (4) obtained through the lower portion of the secondary reactor (12) was 99.8%, and the reaction was completed.
- the esterification reaction proceeded in a two step reaction, and a reactor as shown in FIG. 11 was used.
- the primary reactor 11 is adjusted to a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 5 bar, and fatty acid distillate is introduced at a flow rate of 10 g / min, and 50 ppm of cobalt acetate is proportional to the amount of fatty acid distillate.
- a small amount of the dissolved methanol) was simultaneously added to the upper part of the reactor, and a methanol / water mixture of a gaseous state discharged from the secondary reactor 12 was directly added to the lower part of the reactor to react with a residence time of 1.5 hours.
- the primary reaction product 4a thus introduced was introduced into the upper portion of the secondary reactor 12, and 99.7% pure methanol 2 was introduced at the lower portion at a flow rate of 10 g / min.
- the temperature and pressure of the secondary reactor 12 were maintained at a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 5.5 bar to ensure a residence time of 1.5 hours.
- the conversion rate of the fatty acid methyl ester (4) obtained through the lower portion of the secondary reactor (12) was 99.8%, and the reaction was completed.
- the production method of the fatty acid alkyl ester according to the present invention is excellent in the reaction rate and conversion rate of the fatty acid at low pressure and high pressure, in particular, the reaction rate and conversion rate even at high pressure.
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Abstract
Description
| 실시예1 | 실시예2 | 실시예3 | 비교예1 | 비교예2 | 비교예3 | 비교예4 | 비교예5 | 비교예6 | |
| 반응기 | 향류식연속식 | 향류식연속식 | 향류식연속식 | CSTR회분식 | CSTR회분식 | CSTR회분식 | CSTR연속식 | CSTR연속식 | CSTR연속식 |
| 압력(bar) | 20 | 10 | 5 | 30 | 20 | 10 | 20 | 10 | 5 |
| 온도(℃) | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 |
| 반응시간(hr) | 1.5/1.5 (3) | 1.5/1.5 (3) | 1.5/1.5 (3) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 전환율(%) | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.5 | 99.7 | 99.7 |
| 전산기(mgKOH/g) | 0.4미만 | 0.4미만 | 0.4미만 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.87 | 0.5 | 0.42 |
Claims (10)
- 반응기 내부에 수직 방향으로 다수의 격실(隔室, compartment)이 형성되도록, 다수의 단(tray)이 반응기 내부에 수평 방향으로 설치되어 있으며, 상기 다수의 단에는 개구부가 형성되어, 상하 이웃하는 격실을 연결하되, 상기 이웃하는 단의 개구부는 서로 엇갈리도록 교차 형성되어 있는 컬럼형 향류식 반응기의 상부로 지방산 원료를 도입하고, 반응기의 하부로 알코올을 도입하여,200 내지 350℃의 반응온도 및 1 내지 35 바아의 반응 압력에서, 각각의 단(tray)에서 지방산과 알코올을 향류(counter current)의 조건으로 에스테르화 반응시키는 단계를 포함하는 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 지방산 원료는 반응기 상부의 최상단 격실로 유입되고, 순차적으로 하부의 격실로 이동하며, 상기 알코올은 반응기 하부의 최하단 격실로 유입된 후, 순차적으로 상부의 격실로 이동하는 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 각각의 단(tray)에는, 기체 상태의 알코올이 통과하는 다수의 밸브(valve) 또는 버블캡(bubble cap)이 일정 간격으로 분산 형성되어 있는 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 에스테르화 반응에서 생성된 물과 반응에 참여하지 않은 과잉의 알코올의 혼합물은 기체 상태로 상기 반응기 상부로 배출되는 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 각각의 단의 일단에는, 상기 격실과 개구부를 차단하는 격벽이 형성되어 있으며, 상기 격벽의 상부는 개방되어, 소정량의 반응물이 공급되면, 반응물이 격벽상부로 오버플로우되어 인접한 하부의 단으로 이동하도록 되어 있는 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 컬럼형 향류식 반응기를 2개 연결하여, 전체 지방산 원료의 일부를 1차 반응기에서 지방산알킬에스테르로 전환시키고, 지방산 원료의 나머지를 2차 반응기에서 지방산알킬에스테르로 전환시키는, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 1차 반응기 하부로부터, 1차 에스테르화 반응의 생성물인 조(crude) 지방산메틸에스테르가 상기 2차 반응기 상부로 유입되고, 알코올이 2차 반응기 하부로 유입되어 2차 에스테르화 반응하며, 상기 2차 에스테르화 반응의 생성물인 지방산메틸에스테르는 2차 반응기 하부를 통하여 배출되고, 상기 2차 에스테르화 반응에서 생성된 물과 반응에 참여하지 않은 과잉의 알코올의 혼합물은 기체 상태로 2차 반응기 상부로 배출되어 1차 반응기 하부로 투입되어, 지방산과 1차 에스테르화 반응하는 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 반응 압력은 10 내지 35 바아인 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 반응 압력은 20 내지 30 바아인 것인, 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법.
- 컬럼형 반응기 본체; 및상기 반응기 본체 내부에 수직 방향으로 다수의 격실(隔室, compartment)이 형성되도록, 수평 방향으로 설치되어 있으며, 기체가 통과하는 밸브가 일정 간격으로 분산되어 형성된 다수의 단(Tray)을 포함하고,상기 다수의 단에는 개구부가 형성되어, 상하 이웃하는 격실을 연결하되, 상기 이웃하는 단의 개구부는 서로 엇갈리도록 교차 형성되어 있으며,200 내지 350℃의 반응온도 및 1 내지 35 바아의 반응 압력에서, 상기 반응기 본체의 상부로 지방산 원료를 도입하고, 반응기 본체의 하부로 알코올을 도입하여, 각각의 단(tray)에서 지방산과 알코올을 향류(counter current)의 조건으로 에스테르화 반응시키는 바이오디젤 연료용 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조장치.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2011534372A JP5410539B2 (ja) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-09-22 | 脂肪酸を用いた脂肪酸アルキルエステルの製造方法及び装置 |
| EP09824941A EP2348009A4 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-09-22 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING A |
| US13/128,171 US8895765B2 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-09-22 | Method and apparatus for preparing alkyl ester fatty acid using fatty acid |
| MX2011004860A MX2011004860A (es) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-09-22 | Metodo y aparato para preparar acido graso de alquilester usando un acido graso. |
| CN2009801444100A CN102209702A (zh) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-09-22 | 使用脂肪酸制备脂肪酸烷基酯的方法和装置 |
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| KR1020080110519A KR101554607B1 (ko) | 2008-11-07 | 2008-11-07 | 지방산을 이용한 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법 및 장치 |
| KR10-2008-0110519 | 2008-11-07 |
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| CN (2) | CN104762137A (ko) |
| HK (1) | HK1210205A1 (ko) |
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| KR101554607B1 (ko) * | 2008-11-07 | 2015-09-22 | 에스케이케미칼주식회사 | 지방산을 이용한 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법 및 장치 |
| GB201210655D0 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-08-01 | Davy Process Techn Ltd | Process |
| GB201216653D0 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2012-10-31 | Davy Process Techn Ltd | Process |
| CN103113231A (zh) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-22 | 寿光市鲁源盐化有限公司 | 二烯丙基二甘醇碳酸酯的合成方法 |
| KR102327852B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-22 | 2021-11-18 | 에스케이에코프라임 주식회사 | 지방을 이용한 지방산알킬에스테르의 제조방법 |
| GB201316269D0 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-10-30 | Johnson Matthey Davy Technologies Ltd | Process |
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| CN111234932A (zh) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-05 | 常州市金坛区维格生物科技有限公司 | 一种连续逆流酯化反应制备生物柴油的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104762137A (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
| US20110218355A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
| TW201030139A (en) | 2010-08-16 |
| CN102209702A (zh) | 2011-10-05 |
| WO2010053258A3 (ko) | 2010-07-08 |
| KR101554607B1 (ko) | 2015-09-22 |
| MX2011004860A (es) | 2011-09-15 |
| EP2348009A2 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
| EP2348009A4 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
| KR20100051374A (ko) | 2010-05-17 |
| HK1210205A1 (en) | 2016-04-15 |
| JP5410539B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
| TWI452132B (zh) | 2014-09-11 |
| JP2012508282A (ja) | 2012-04-05 |
| US8895765B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 |
| JP2014015623A (ja) | 2014-01-30 |
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