WO2010078833A1 - 一种改性钠基蒙脱石、其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种改性钠基蒙脱石、其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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WO2010078833A1
WO2010078833A1 PCT/CN2010/000032 CN2010000032W WO2010078833A1 WO 2010078833 A1 WO2010078833 A1 WO 2010078833A1 CN 2010000032 W CN2010000032 W CN 2010000032W WO 2010078833 A1 WO2010078833 A1 WO 2010078833A1
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Prior art keywords
montmorillonite
sodium
modified
modified sodium
less
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French (fr)
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WO2010078833A8 (zh
Inventor
郑海辉
吕光烈
夏志国
徐年
乐盛
马忠朝
迟玉峰
陈文波
陈积馨
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HAILISHENG PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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HAILISHENG PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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Priority to EP10729092.6A priority Critical patent/EP2380850B1/en
Priority to JP2011544776A priority patent/JP5718252B2/ja
Priority to KR1020117018246A priority patent/KR101295204B1/ko
Priority to US13/143,830 priority patent/US9095542B2/en
Publication of WO2010078833A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010078833A1/zh
Publication of WO2010078833A8 publication Critical patent/WO2010078833A8/zh
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/06Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
    • A61K33/12Magnesium silicate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/06Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P5/00Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
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    • A61P5/16Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the thyroid hormones, e.g. T3, T4 for decreasing, blocking or antagonising the activity of the thyroid hormones
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    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J20/28007Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size with size in the range 1-100 nanometers, e.g. nanosized particles, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanowires or the like
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    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J39/00Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/08Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/14Base exchange silicates, e.g. zeolites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20Silicates
    • C01B33/36Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
    • C01B33/38Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
    • C01B33/40Clays
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    • C09CTREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
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    • C01P2002/70Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
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    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of modified sodium montmorillonite, modified sodium montmorillonite prepared by said process and its use. Background technique
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel modified sodium montmorillonite, characterized in that, in terms of Na 2 0, the Na+ in the modified sodium montmorillonite is not less than 2%, preferably not lower than 3 %, more preferably not less than 4 %, and most preferably not less than 5%.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of preparing a modified sodium montmorillonite comprising the steps of:
  • the solid content of the modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in the step 1) is controlled to be 0.5-10%, and a sodiuming agent not lower than the cation exchange capacity of the smectite is added to make the smectite sodium therein. Chemical.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a nano-modified sodium montmorillonite, characterized in that, in terms of Na 2 0, the Na+ in the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite is not less than 2%, preferably not Less than 3%, More preferably, it is not less than 4%, and most preferably not less than 5%.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing nano-modified sodium montmorillonite, comprising the steps of: formulating the modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention into an aqueous solution having a solid content of 0.5-60%; After high-speed shear dispersion, homogenization, for example, in a high-speed shear, a high-speed disperser, a ball mill or a high-pressure homogenizer, it is dried and pulverized.
  • the invention further relates to the use of said modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite for the preparation of a medicament.
  • the present invention relates to the use of the modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite for the prevention and treatment of digestive tract diseases and pharmaceutical compositions thereof.
  • the invention also relates to the preparation of a pharmaceutical or edible excipient for the modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite and its application in the fields of petroleum, construction, pesticide and fertilizer.
  • Figure 1 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 prepared in Example 1;
  • Figure 2 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-2 obtained in Example 2;
  • Figure 3 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-3 prepared in Example 3;
  • Figure 4 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-4 prepared in Example 4;
  • Figure 5 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-5 prepared in Example 5;
  • Figure 6 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-6 obtained in Example 6;
  • Figure 7 is an X-powder diffraction pattern of modified sodium montmorillonite A prepared by the method disclosed in CN20068 0028247.8;
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite Na + is not less than 2%, preferably not less than 3%, more preferably not less than 4%, most preferably not less than 5%.
  • the d 002 peak in the modified sodium montmorillonite X-ray diffraction map has a d value of 5.50A-7.00A, preferably 5.75A-6.75A, more preferably 6.00. A-6.5A, most preferably 6.25 people.
  • the Ca 2+ in the modified sodium montmorillonite is not more than 1%, preferably not more than 0.5%, more preferably not more than 0.1%, most preferably not more than 0.05, based on CaO. %.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite has a thixotropy index of not less than 1, preferably not less than 2, more preferably not less than 3, and most preferably not less than 4.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite has a purity of not less than 97%, preferably not less than 98%, more preferably not less than 99%, and most preferably not less than 99.5%.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite has a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of from 90 to 150 mmol/100 g, preferably from 100 to 145 mmol/100 g, more preferably from 110 to 140 mmol/ LOOg, most preferably 115-135 mmol/lOOg.
  • CEC cation exchange capacity
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite has a degree of swelling of not less than 7.0 ml/g, preferably not less than 9.0 ml/g, more preferably not less than 10.0 ml/g, most preferably not less than 12.0. Ml/g.
  • the amount of adsorption of the modified sodium montmorillonite to the strychnine sulfate is from 0.30 to 0.75 g, preferably from 0.40 to 0.70 g, more preferably from 0.45 to 0.65 g, most Preferably it is 0.50-0.60 g.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite has a heavy metal content of not more than 10 ppm, preferably not more than 7 ppm, more preferably not more than 5 ppm, most preferably not more than 3 ppm - 4 ppm .
  • the impurities in the modified sodium montmorillonite are no more than 3%, preferably no more than 2%, more preferably no more than 1%, most preferably no more than 0.5%.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention is obtained by purifying montmorillonite as a raw material, and is subjected to multiple acidification and washing treatment to effectively remove cations (calcium ions, montmorillonite ion layer).
  • Hydrogen ions or magnesium ions and acid-soluble impurities, which are changed into modified hydrogen montmorillonite, and at the same time, the stacked layers of montmorillonite are opened to make the layers thinner, and ⁇ -quartz embedded in the smectite layer Exposed, removed by physical means to obtain purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite; then modified sodium montmorillonite for sodium treatment, converted into modified sodium montmorillonite, and modified sodium
  • the excellent suspension of montmorillonite and the difference in specific gravity between modified montmorillonite and non-modified montmorillonite are removed by washing (membrane separation technology) to remove alkali-soluble impurities.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite of the invention has more reasonable microstructure, better performance and better quality.
  • the interlayer sodium ion content is high and the curative effect is better and wider.
  • Modification of the present invention compared to modified sodium montmorillonite prepared from natural sodium montmorillonite, natural calcium montmorillonite (such as Smecta), and CN200610055117.5 and CN200680028247.8 (WO2007051427A)
  • Sodium montmorillonite has the following characteristics:
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite of the invention has high purity, low impurity and large cation exchange capacity, and the interlayer sodium ion content thereof is remarkably improved, and the hydration expansion performance is better;
  • the structural unit layer of the modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention has a reduced thickness of the stacking layer, superior suspension, dispersibility and thixotropic properties, and remarkable gel properties.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention can form a gelled substance having a network structure and having thixotropic properties in both artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal fluid.
  • the present invention provides a method of preparing a modified sodium montmorillonite comprising the following steps:
  • the solid content of the modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in the step 1) is controlled to be 0.5-10%, and a sodiuming agent not lower than the cation exchange capacity of the smectite is added to make the smectite sodium therein. Chemical.
  • the smectite having a purity of not less than 90% in the present invention is also referred to as purified montmorillonite, and is also referred to as "high-purity montmorillonite” or “high-quality montmorillonite” in the art, and is obtained by a purification method.
  • the purified montmorillonite for example, is prepared by the method disclosed in CN200610054632.1, WO2007090355A, CN200610055117.5, and CN200680028247.8 (WO2007051427A).
  • the present invention preferably uses purified montmorillonite containing a small amount of silica impurities as a starting material to effectively control the non-clay silicate mineral impurities to be carried into subsequent treatment processes, thereby improving the quality of the modified sodium-based montmorillonite.
  • modified sodium montmorillonite as used in the present invention means a purified montmorillonite modified by sodiumation.
  • cation exchange capacity means the amount of montmorillonite adsorption exchange cations, including exchangeable salt groups and exchangeable hydrogens, in units of mmol/100 g.
  • the cation exchange capacity (CEC) is measured by a cobalt chloride ammonia ion exchange method, that is, cation exchange capacity of montmorillonite is measured using [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ] 3 + as an exchange cation.
  • the process is as follows: The montmorillonite sample is crushed, passed through a 300 mesh sieve, and baked for 60 hours for 3 hours, and the montmorillonite sample is mixed with a certain amount of 0.025 mol/L [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ]Cl 3 solution. Adjust pH to 7-8, shake well, after ion exchange balance, at 474.0 The absorbance is measured at nm, and the difference ⁇ between the absorbances before and after the exchange is used to calculate the concentration C corresponding to the ion exchange.
  • the cation exchange capacity of the montmorillonite is calculated according to the formula CEC-300CV/W. In the formula, V is the volume of the exchange liquid, and W is called The amount of sample taken.
  • the amount of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na+ in montmorillonite is determined by plasma emission spectrometry. However, the above method is not limitative.
  • the purified montmorillonite is selected from the group consisting of purifying sodium montmorillonite, purifying sodium calcium montmorillonite, purifying hydrogen montmorillonite, purifying magnesium montmorillonite, and natural sodium base. Any one or combination of montmorillonite and purified calcium montmorillonite.
  • the purity of the purified montmorillonite is not less than 93%, preferably not less than 95%, more preferably not less than 97%.
  • the acid is selected from any one or a combination of a mineral acid and an organic acid.
  • the inorganic acid includes, but is not limited to, a monobasic acid, a dibasic acid or a tribasic acid; the monobasic acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, hydrobromic acid or hydrofluoric acid, and the dibasic acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid or sulfonic acid,
  • the acid is selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, preferably the mineral acid is a monobasic acid, most preferably hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
  • the organic acid includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of a hydroxy acid, a keto acid or an acid, and the preferred organic acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, citric acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, Any one or a combination of malonic acid, succinic acid, pyruvic acid, glutamic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, ⁇ -ketoglutaric acid, or the like, It is preferably any one of acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, succinic acid or malonic acid or a combination thereof.
  • the concentration of the acid may be 0.5-8 mol/L, preferably 0.8-6 mol/L, more preferably 1-5 mol/L, and most preferably 2-4 mol/L.
  • the molar ratio of inorganic acid:organic acid in the acid is from 5 to 150:5 to 200, preferably from 10 to 120:10 to 150, more preferably from 20 to 100:20 to 120, most preferably For 30-80: 30-100.
  • the mass ratio of the smectite:acid is 1: 2-50, preferably 1: 2.5-25, more preferably 1: 3-10.
  • the acidification or acid treatment described in the above step 1) may be plural times, preferably 1-10 times, more preferably 2-8 times, still more preferably 3-6 times, most preferably It is preferably 4-5 times.
  • the acid is preferably removed by centrifugation or filtration.
  • the "dispersant" of the present invention is also referred to in the art as “a mineralizer”, a “high purity agent” or a “high purity treatment agent”.
  • the dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, aqueous ammonia, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyphosphate, acrylic acid, acrylic acid Sodium, sodium silicate, trisodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium citrate, Na 2 HP0 4 , NaH 2 P0 4 , NaCK NaF, sodium sulfate, silica sol Any one or a combination of urea, polysorbate, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid, preferably sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polysodium sulphate, sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, poly Any one or a combination of sodium acrylate, trisodium phosphate, sodium citrate, Na 2 HP0 4 , NaCl,
  • the dispersant is used in an amount of from 0.05 to 3.0%, preferably from 0.15 to 2.5%, more preferably from 0.25 to 2.0%, most preferably from 0.35 to 1.5%, based on the amount of the purified montmorillonite.
  • the hot boil hot boil time of step 1) is from 0.5 to 100 hours, preferably from 2 to 70 hours, more preferably from 3 to 40 hours, and most preferably from 5 to 20 hours.
  • the hot boil hot cooking temperature of the above step 1) is preferably from 30 to 100, preferably from 40 to 95 t: and further preferably from 50 to 90, more preferably from 60 to 85 t, most preferably from 70 to - 80.
  • the modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion according to the above step 2) has a solid content of from 1 to 9%, preferably from 2 to 8%, more preferably from 3 to 6%, most It is preferably 4 to 5%.
  • the sodiumating agent is a soluble sodium salt commonly used in the art, and the sodiumating agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium metametaphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, and coke.
  • sodium citrate preferably sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium metametaphosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium citrate, Na 2 HP0 4 Any one or combination of NaH 2 P0 4 , NaCl, NaF, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydrogencarbonate.
  • the amount of the sodiumating agent is slightly more than the cation exchange capacity of the smectite, for example, the amount of the sodiumating agent is 0.5-10% excess, preferably 1-8% excess, of the cation exchange capacity. More preferably, the excess is 2-6%, and most preferably the excess is 3-5%.
  • the amount of the sodiumating agent is from 1 to 20%, preferably from 2 to 15%, more preferably from 3 to 10%, most preferably 4, of the amount of the modified hydrogen montmorillonite. -7.5%.
  • the sodiumated slurry has a solids content of from 1% to 8%, preferably from 1.5% to 6%, more preferably from 2% to 5%.
  • Membrane filtration technology also known as “dialysis membrane washing” not only can significantly improve the production efficiency of montmorillonite, but also has the advantages of low equipment investment, low energy consumption, high purity of the obtained product, high yield, etc., and is suitable for production.
  • the generated washing wastewater can be recycled after being treated by reverse osmosis membrane, which is an environmentally friendly separation technology.
  • the membrane filtration is to place the washing slurry or the concentrated slurry in a membrane dialysis apparatus, stir it by mechanical stirring or compressed air, and deliver the slurry to the dialysis membrane by a circulation pump or a pneumatic method. At a pressure difference, the filtrate smaller than the pore size of the membrane was separated by pressure.
  • the dialysis membrane is a ceramic membrane, and the material of the ceramic membrane is selected from any one of zirconia and alumina or a combination thereof.
  • the dialysis membrane has a pore diameter of from 20 nm to 200 nm, preferably from 50 nm to 150 nm.
  • the pH of the dialysis membrane is in the range of 0-14.
  • the dialysis membrane is subjected to a regenerative cleaning method under a high speed and low pressure condition using a physical method, a chemical method or a physicochemical method.
  • the physical method means, for example, washing the dialysis membrane with high speed water rinsing, mechanical washing or a combination thereof to remove contaminants.
  • the chemical method refers to washing the dialysis membrane by, for example, using a chemical agent which does not damage the membrane material itself and dissolves or displaces the contaminant.
  • inorganic insoluble acids are used to convert insoluble contaminants into soluble substances
  • organic acids are used to clean inorganic salt precipitates
  • chelating agents are used to complex inorganic ions in contaminants
  • surfactants are used to remove organic contaminants, etc., to reduce membrane surface and pores.
  • the deposited salt therein reduces or removes contaminants adsorbed on the surface and pores and restores membrane flux.
  • the heavily contaminated dialysis membrane is alternately cleaned with a strong acid or a strong base, and if necessary, an oxidizing agent (such as sodium hypochlorite) and a surfactant may be added, or under high-speed and low-pressure operating conditions, with recoil. Rinse with water to restore membrane flux.
  • an oxidizing agent such as sodium hypochlorite
  • a surfactant may be added, or under high-speed and low-pressure operating conditions, with recoil. Rinse with water to restore membrane flux.
  • the concentrated sodium slurry is dried and comminuted.
  • the preparation process of the invention has the advantages of high product yield, low production cost, easy industrialization and the like.
  • the present invention also provides a modified sodium montmorillonite which is prepared by the above method.
  • the present invention also prepares the modified sodium montmorillonite obtained by high-speed shear dispersion, high-pressure homogenization, jet milling, etc. The nano-modified sodium montmorillonite is obtained.
  • the present invention also provides a nano-modified sodium montmorillonite, characterized in that, in terms of Na 2 0, the Na+ in the nano-sodium montmorillonite is not less than 2%, preferably not less than 3%, more preferably Not less than 4%, and most preferably not less than 5%.
  • the Ca 2+ in the nanomodified sodium montmorillonite of the invention is no more than 1%, preferably no more than 0.5%, more preferably no more than 0.1%, most preferably no more than CaO. 0.05%.
  • the d 002 peak in the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite X-ray diffraction pattern of the invention has a d value of 5.50A-7.00A, preferably 5.75A-6.75A, more preferably 6.00.
  • the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite has a particle diameter of not more than 1 ⁇ m, preferably not more than 0.8 ⁇ m, more preferably not more than 0.6 ⁇ m, and further preferably not more than 0.4 ⁇ m Most preferably not more than 0.2 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite has a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of from 90 to 150 mmol/100 g, preferably from 100 to 145 mmol/100 g, more preferably from 110 to 140 mmol. /lOOg, most preferably 115-135 mmol/100g.
  • CEC cation exchange capacity
  • the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite has a degree of swelling of not less than 4.0, preferably not less than 5.0, more preferably not less than 7.0, still more preferably not less than 9.0, further preferably not less than 10.0, most It is preferably not less than 12.0.
  • the amount of adsorption of the lg nano-modified sodium montmorillonite per lg nano-modified sulphite to the sulphate is 0.30-0.70 g, preferably 0.40-0.65 g, more preferably 0.5-0.6 g.
  • the heavy metal in the nanomodified sodium montmorillonite of the invention does not exceed 10 ppm, preferably does not exceed 7 ppm, more preferably does not exceed 5 ppm, and most preferably does not exceed 3 ppm -4 ppm. .
  • the impurities in the nanomodified sodium montmorillonite of the invention are no more than 5%, preferably no more than 4%, more preferably no more than 3%, still more preferably no more than 2%, and further preferably not More than 1%, most preferably no more than 0.5%.
  • the thixotropic index in the nanomodified sodium montmorillonite of the invention The number is not less than 1, preferably not less than 2, more preferably not less than 3, and most preferably not less than 4.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing nano-modified sodium montmorillonite, comprising: formulating the modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention having a purity of not less than 95% into an aqueous solution having a solid content of 0.5-60% It is placed in, for example, a high-speed shearing machine, a high-speed dispersing machine, a ball mill or a high-pressure homogenizer for high-speed shear dispersion, homogenization, drying, and pulverization.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite has a purity of not less than 96%, preferably not less than 97%, more preferably not less than 98%, and most preferably not less than 99%.
  • the concentration of the aqueous solution is from 5 to 50%, preferably from 10 to 40%, more preferably from 15 to 30%, most preferably from 20 to 25%.
  • the homogenization pressure is not less than 10 MPa, preferably 20 to 800 MPa, more preferably 30 to 600 MPa, still more preferably 50 to 500 MPa, and most preferably 80 to 300 MPa.
  • the high pressure homogenizer is selected from the group consisting of a medium and high pressure homogenizer, an ultrahigh pressure homogenizer, a nano ultrahigh pressure homogenizer, a nano collider or a high pressure microfluidizer. One or a combination thereof.
  • the pulverization is a gas flow pulverization after coarse pulverization.
  • the pulverization fineness of the granules is not less than 300 mesh, preferably not less than 500 mesh, further preferably not less than 1000 mesh, more preferably not less than 3,000 mesh, most preferably not less than 5000 mesh.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite solid particles of the present invention are pre-dispersed under high shear by a high-speed disperser using water as a medium, and are homogenized by high pressure (also called stripping).
  • high pressure also called stripping
  • the average diameter of the obtained particles is not more than ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • the purpose is to increase the edge by forced pulverization, strengthen the hydration stripping performance, increase the number of "cars”, and improve Its adsorption properties, thixotropy and gelation, etc., to improve its efficacy.
  • the present invention also provides a nano-modified sodium montmorillonite which is prepared by the above method.
  • nano-modified sodium montmorillonite described in the present invention is also referred to as "modified nano sodium-based montmorillonite”.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating a digestive tract disorder, comprising the modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite according to the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the digestive tract disorder is selected from the group consisting of peptic ulcer, diarrhea or gastritis, preferably the gastritis is chronic gastritis, more preferably chronic atrophic gastritis.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite in the composition has a purity of not less than 95%, preferably not less than 96%, more preferably not less than 97%. It is also preferably not less than 98%, further preferably not less than 99%, and most preferably not less than 99.5%.
  • the weight ratio of modified sodium montmorillonite or nano-modified sodium montmorillonite:excipient in the composition is from 0.001 to 99: 1-99, preferably 0.001-90: 1-95, more preferably 0.001-80: 1-90, most preferably 0.001-70: 1-85.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite is present in the composition in an amount of from 1 to 99%, preferably from 5 to 95%, still preferably 10 -90%, more preferably 15-85%, most preferably 20-80%.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite has a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of from 90 to 150 mmol/100 g, preferably from 100 to 145 mmol/lOOg, more It is preferably 110-140 mmol/lOOg, most preferably 115-135 mmol/lOOg.
  • CEC cation exchange capacity
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite has a degree of swelling of not less than 4.0, preferably not less than 5.0, more preferably not less than 7.0, still more preferably not less than 9.0, and further It is preferably not less than 10.0, and most preferably not less than 12.0.
  • the amount of adsorption per 1 g of modified sodium montmorillonite or nano-modified sodium montmorillonite to strychnine sulfate is from 0.30 to 0.70 g, preferably from 0.40 to 0.65. g, more preferably 0.5-0.6 g.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite has a heavy metal content of no more than 10 ppm, preferably no more than 7 ppm, more preferably no more than 5 ppm, most preferably Not more than 3 ppm - 4 ppm.
  • the impurities in the modified sodium montmorillonite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite in the composition are not more than 5%, preferably not more than 4%, more preferably not more than 3%, It is preferably not more than 2%, further preferably not more than 1%, and most preferably not more than 0.5%.
  • the Ca 2+ (calculated as CaO) in the modified sodium montmorillonite or the nanomodified sodium montmorillonite is not more than 1%, preferably not more than 0.5%, more preferably not more than 0.1%, most preferably no more than 0.05%.
  • the Na+ (as Na 2 0) in the modified sodium montmorillonite or the nano-modified sodium montmorillonite is not less than 2%, preferably not less than 3%, more preferably Not less than 4%, and most preferably not less than 5%.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or the nanomodified sodium montmorillonite The thixotropy index is not less than 1, preferably not less than 2, more preferably not less than 3, and most preferably not less than 4.
  • the d-value of the ( ⁇ 2 peak in the X-ray diffraction pattern of the modified sodium montmorillonite is 5.50 A - 7.00 A, preferably 5.75 - 6.75 person, more preferably 6.00 A - 6.5A, most preferably 6.25Ao
  • compositions of the present invention can be prepared in a variety of dosage forms well known in the art and can be prepared by conventional formulation techniques in the art.
  • the preparation suitable for the present invention is an oral preparation or an external preparation, preferably an oral preparation.
  • the oral preparation is selected from the group consisting of a tablet, a suspension, a capsule, a granule, a pill, a powder, a dropping pill, a syrup, a mixture, an excipient, an effervescent, a paste, an emulsion or a tea; For powders, suspensions, granules, tablets, capsules or effervescent.
  • the external preparation suitable for the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of a gel, a plaster, a plaster, a cream, an ointment, an elixir, a lotion, a suppository, an applicator, a plaster or a gel, and the like, and is preferably a gel.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier includes conventional excipients or excipients well known in the art for preparing the above formulations, including but not limited to fillers (also known as diluents), lubricants (also known as glidants or Anti-adhesives), dispersants, wetting agents, binders, conditioners, solubilizers, antioxidants, bacteriostats, emulsifiers, flavoring agents or flavoring agents.
  • Binder such as syrup, gum arabic, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, cellulose and its derivatives, gelatin syrup, syrup, starch syrup or polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • preferred cellulose derivatives are microcrystalline cellulose, carboxy Sodium methylcellulose, ethylcellulose or hydroxypropylcellulose
  • fillers such as lactose, powdered sugar, dextrin, starch and its derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives, inorganic calcium salts, sorbitol or Glycine, preferably inorganic 43 ⁇ 4 salt is sulfuric acid, calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate or precipitated calcium carbonate
  • lubricant such as micronized silica gel, magnesium stearate, talc, aluminum hydroxide, boric acid, hydrogenated vegetable oil or polyethylene glycol
  • Decomposing agents such as starch and its derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone or microcrystalline cellulose, preferred star
  • the active ingredient may be mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable controlled release carrier according to the preparation requirements thereof, and then according to a preparation method of a controlled release preparation well known in the art, such as adding a retarder coating or micro active ingredient.
  • the pellets are prepared, such as sustained release pellets or controlled release pellets;
  • the sustained release carrier includes, but is not limited to, an oily incorporation agent, a hydrophilic colloid or a coating retarder,
  • the oleaginous incorporation agent is selected from any one or a combination of glyceryl monostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, mineral oil, polysiloxane or dimercaptosiloxane;
  • the hydrophilic colloid is selected from the group consisting of carboxy Sodium thiocellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyl Any one or a combination of propylmethylcellulose, PVP, acacia, tragacanth or carbopol;
  • the coating retarder is selected from the group consisting of ethylcellulose
  • modified sodium montmorillonite, nanomodified sodium montmorillonite or a pharmaceutical composition thereof of the present invention technical features of different preferred levels in the above respective embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite or a combination thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the following therapeutic uses.
  • the medical use of the modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite is selected from the group consisting of: (1) modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium based
  • the application of decalcification in the preparation of a medicament for treating digestive tract diseases including but not limited to acute and chronic diarrhea, reflux esophagitis, acute and chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory For intestinal diseases, gastritis, etc.
  • the gastritis is chronic gastritis, more preferably chronic atrophic gastritis, most preferably a reversal treatment effect on chronic atrophic gastritis
  • modification of sodium-based montmorillonite or nano-modified sodium-based montmorillonite in the preparation of drugs for treating chronic renal failure Application (4) application
  • the daily dosage of the modified sodium smectite or nanomodified sodium montmorillonite according to the invention is from 0.5 to 10 g, preferably from 1 to 8 g , more preferably from 1.5 to 6 g . It is also preferably 2-4 g, most preferably 2-3 g.
  • the actual daily dosage of the modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite can be appropriately adjusted according to the patient's condition, constitution, body weight, age, sex and the like.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite of the invention is superior to natural montmorillonite in terms of CEC, adsorption and swelling, and soft tissue (such as mucosa and skin between the gastrointestinal tract)
  • the adhesion time of the layer mucosa, oral mucosa, etc. is greatly prolonged, prolonging the residence time of the active ingredient in the soft tissue, increasing the exchange time and exchange efficiency of the active ingredient with the body, realizing the fixed-point administration and controlled release of the active ingredient, and improving the active ingredient organism
  • the degree of utilization and drug safety therefore, the modified sodium montmorillonite or nano modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention can be used for the preparation of pharmaceutical or edible excipients:
  • bioadhesive formulation for controlling drug release, reducing or reducing skin irritation to a skin
  • the bioadhesive formulation being selected from the group consisting of a biocompatible adhesive, a nasal bioadhesive, B ⁇ uses a bioadhesive, a vaginal bioadhesive, a rectal bioadhesive or a gastrointestinal bioadhesive.
  • the vaginal mucoadhesive drug transporter (AmDDS) of the nonoxynol ether can be prepared by using the modified sodium montmorillonite of the invention to enhance the interaction between the drug and the mucin polymer of the vaginal mucosa and prolong the drug release time; Potassium bismuth citrate is made into a gastric bioadhesive agent, which not only prolongs the residence time of bismuth potassium citrate in the gastrointestinal tract, but also has synergistic effect on clearing and killing Helicobacter pylori, and can greatly reduce the stagnation of sputum.
  • anti-tumor drugs into a gastrointestinal (colon) localized release preparation, can prolong the action time of anti-tumor drugs in the gastrointestinal tract, control the release rate of anti-tumor drugs, Improve drug bioavailability and safety, and reduce or reduce adverse drug reactions;
  • a modified sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution in a certain concentration range can be a good gel matrix, has the characteristics of a water-dispersible matrix, has no greasy feel, and has good adhesion and formation.
  • Membrane and bacteria-specific adsorption easy to spread, non-irritating to skin and mucous membranes, and good adhesion to skin, and can absorb and remove tissue exudate. It can be used as an electrocardiographic diagnostic gel with excellent performance.
  • It can be used as a semi-solid preparation such as water-soluble ointment, cream or suppository by utilizing the suspension, adhesion and rheology modifier of modified sodium montmorillonite or nano-modified sodium montmorillonite.
  • the matrix Such as with the appropriate amount of Guaiac gum, CMC, agar, PVP, oleic acid, glycerin, propylene glycol and distilled water
  • the prepared suppository has the characteristics of no deformation and no liquefaction at normal temperature, which is beneficial to drug diffusion and absorption;
  • an inorganic antimicrobial agent, skin ointment, emulsion-based shield, such as M g O was added in the modified sodium montmorillonite or sodium montmorillonite nano-modified, highly hydrophilic Sexuality, dispersibility, and the prepared inorganic antibacterial agent has better anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
  • the invention also provides a novel bioadhesive potassium bismuth citrate preparation, which comprises potassium bismuth citrate, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite and other medicinal auxiliary materials. .
  • the weight percent of each component of the formulation is: bismuth potassium citrate 1-98%, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite 1-98 %, the balance is other accessories.
  • the weight percentage of each component in the formulation is: 5-90% potassium bismuth citrate, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite 5-90 %, the balance is other accessories.
  • the weight percent of each component in the formulation is: bismuth potassium citrate 7.5-85%, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite 7.5-85 %, the balance is other accessories.
  • each formulation of the present invention is defined to contain bismuth acid 50-2500 mg, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite 10-2500 mg; preferably containing bismuth ruthenate Potassium 100-2000 mg, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano-modified sodium montmorillonite 50-2000 mg; more preferably potassium bismuth citrate 150-1500 mg, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or Nano modified sodium montmorillonite 100-1500 mg; most preferably contains potassium bismuth citrate 200-1200 mg, modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite 150-1200 mg.
  • the present invention there is also provided a cosmetic containing modified sodium montmorillonite, the cosmetic comprising 1-90% modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite, the balance being other excipients; preferably cosmetics
  • the content of the medium modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite is from 5 to 85%, more preferably from 7.5 to 80%, most preferably from 10 to 75%.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention can also be used to prepare the following building materials:
  • modified sodium montmorillonite and/or nano modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention can also be used in the following fields:
  • the cation exchange capacity is as high as 120 mmol/100g, the water absorption rate is over 200%, the dry compressive strength is up to 6 kg/cm 2 , and it has strong water retention capacity and good adhesion.
  • the proportion of solids, liquids and gases in the soil improves the hydrothermal conditions and soil structure of the soil, so that the soil retains water, protects the fertilizer and does not pollute the soil environment, and also increases the buffer capacity of the soil and adsorbs harmful elements in the soil;
  • a premix carrier Used as a premix carrier, it has high fluidity, is not easy to dust, is not easy to stratify during processing, has good uniform mixing performance, and has strong adsorption and dispersing power to various vitamins and trace elements, and can also prevent moisture, mildew, and insects. Anti-deterioration, etc.
  • modified sodium montmorillonite prepared by the present invention is referred to as "modified sodium montmorillonite prepared by the modified sodium montmorillonite opening method” as “modified sodium montmorillonite A” in the present application. ".
  • the "modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention” includes the “modified sodium montmorillonite B" of the present invention and/or the “nano-modified sodium-based montmorillonite prepared therefrom.”stone".
  • the montmorillonite used as a raw material in the examples is shown in Table 1.
  • CEC is 110 mmol/lOOg, degree of expansion >4, l% CaO, purified soda-calcium montmorillonite
  • Natural sodium montmorillonite CEC is 105 mmol/lOOg, degree of expansion >4, 2.5% Na 2 0
  • Example 1 Preparation of modified sodium montmorillonite B1
  • step 2) Under stirring, add hydrochloric acid and acetic acid to the crude modified hydroxy montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 1) to contain 1.8 mol/L hydrochloric acid and 0.4 mol/L acetic acid, and stir under 60 Torr.
  • two acidified dispersions were obtained; the two acidified dispersions were placed in a membrane diafiltration device with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to give a solid content of about 5%.
  • Hydrogen montmorillonite crude product t liquid Hydrogen montmorillonite crude product t liquid;
  • step 3 Under agitation, sulfuric acid is added to the crude modified hydroxy montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 2) to contain 0.9 mol/L sulfuric acid, and stirred at 50t: H for 2 hours to obtain 3 acidifications. Dispersion; the acidified dispersion was placed in a membrane diafiltration device with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to obtain a purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite having a solid content of about 5%. ⁇ :liquid;
  • step 3 In the purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 3), sodium hydroxide is added to contain 0.35 mol/l of sodium hydroxide, heated to 70 C, and continuously stirred for 36 hours. It is placed in a membrane diafiltration equipment with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and a modified sodium montmorillonite dispersion is obtained, which is then placed in a centrifugal separation device for solid-liquid separation to obtain a filter cake. After drying, it is pulverized to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite B1.
  • the performance index of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 is: 1) Ca 2 + is 0.04% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 5 ppm; 3) Na + is 3.6% in terms of Na 2 0; 4)
  • the thixotropy index in artificial gastric juice is 6.0; 5) CEC is 135 mmol/100 g, and its X-powder diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 1.
  • step 2) Under stirring, add hydrochloric acid to the crude dispersion of modified hydrogen montmorillonite obtained in step 1) to contain 1.8 mol/L hydrochloric acid, and stir under conditions for 2 hours, press-filter, and use The ionized water is washed to neutrality and concentrated to obtain a purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite liquid having a solid content of about 15%;
  • step 3 In the purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 2), sodium carbonate is added to make it contain 0.30 mol/l sodium carbonate, heated to 70 TC, continuously stirred for 12 hours, and then pressure-filtered, used The ionized water is washed to neutral to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite crude product; water is added to the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite crude product, and a modified sodium montmorillonite dispersion liquid having a concentration of 3% is prepared. The solid-liquid separation is carried out in a centrifugal separation apparatus, and the obtained filter cake is dried and pulverized to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite B-2.
  • the performance index of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-2 is: 1) Ca 2 + is 0.1% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 5 ppm; 3) Na + is 3.5% in terms of Na 2 0; 4)
  • the thixotropy index in artificial gastric juice is 5.5; 5) CEC is 130 mmol/lOOg, and its X-powder diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 2.
  • Example 3 Preparation of Modified Sodium Montmorillonite B-3
  • step 2) adding hydrochloric acid to the crude dispersion of modified hydrogen montmorillonite prepared in step 1) under stirring conditions And acetic acid, which contains 0.8 mol/L hydrochloric acid and 0.8 mol/L acetic acid, and stirred at 501 C for 2 hours to obtain 2 acidified dispersions; centrifuged twice to acidify the dispersion, and wash with deionized water until Neutral, concentrated, to obtain a purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite ⁇ : liquid with a solid content of about 5%;
  • step 3 In the purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 2), sodium hydroxide is added to make the sodium hydroxide concentration in the dispersion 0.3 mol/l, heated to 70" C, and continuously stirred for 40 hours. Thereafter, the mixture was centrifuged, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite dispersion was spray-dried and pulverized to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite B-3.
  • the performance index of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-3 is: 1) Ca 2+ is 0.21% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 10 ppm; 3) Na + is 3.3% in terms of Na 2 0; The thixotropy index in artificial gastric juice is 4.5; 5) CEC is 126 mmol/100 g, and its X-powder diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 3.
  • Example 4 Preparation of Modified Sodium Montmorillonite B-4
  • hydrochloric acid is added to the crude dispersion of modified hydrogen montmorillonite prepared in step 1) to contain 0.8 mol/L hydrochloric acid, and stirred at 50 for 2 hours to obtain 2 acidifications.
  • step 3 In the purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 2), sodium chloride is added to make the concentration of sodium chloride in the dispersion 0.3 mol/l, heated to 70*C, and continuously stirred 36 After an hour, it is centrifuged, washed with deionized water until neutral, and the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite solution is placed in a centrifugal separation apparatus for solid-liquid separation, and then concentrated to obtain a solid content of about 50%. The modified sodium montmorillonite dispersion is placed in 115 to be dried and pulverized to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite B-4.
  • the performance index of the modified sodium montmorillonite B-4 is: 1) Ca 2+ is 0.3% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 5 ppm; 3) Na + is 3.1% in terms of Na 2 0; 4)
  • the thixotropy index in artificial gastric juice is 4.0; 5) CEC is 128 mmol/100 g, and its X-powder diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 4.
  • Example 5 Preparation of Modified Sodium Montmorillonite B-5 1) In the purified sodium-calcium montmorillonite, 3.0 mol/l of mixed acid (molar ratio of hydrochloric acid: acetic acid is 10:3) is added, and the mass ratio of montmorillonite:acid is 1:3.
  • step 2) Under stirring, hydrochloric acid and acetic acid are added to the crude modified hydroxy montmorillonite dispersion prepared in step 1) to contain 0.6 mol/L hydrochloric acid and 0.2 mol/L acetic acid under 50 conditions. After stirring for 2 hours, 2 acidified dispersions were obtained, and the 2 acidified dispersions were placed in a membrane diafiltration device having a pore diameter of 50 nm, washed with deionized water until neutral, and concentrated to obtain a solid content of about 5%.
  • Modified hydrogen montmorillonite solution Modified hydrogen montmorillonite solution
  • step 3 In the modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 2), sodium hydroxide is added to make the sodium hydroxide concentration in the dispersion liquid 0.2 mol/l, heated to 70, and continuously stirred for 36 hours. In a membrane diafiltration device with a pore size of 50 nm, after washing with deionized water to neutrality, the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite solution is placed in a centrifugal separation device for solid-liquid separation, concentration and centrifugation. The suspension has a modified sodium montmorillonite dispersion having a solid content of about 6%, and is spray-dried and pulverized to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite B-5.
  • the performance index of the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite B-5 is: 1) Ca 2 + is 0.4% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 10 ppm; 3) Na + is 2.9% in terms of Na 2 0; 4)
  • the thixotropy index ⁇ 3.5; 5 in artificial gastric juice CEC is 128 mmol/100 g, and its X-powder diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 5.
  • Example 6 Preparation of Modified Sodium Montmorillonite B-6
  • the performance index of the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite B-6 is: 1) Ca 2 + is 0.5% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 10 ppm; 3) Na + is 2.7% in terms of Na 2 0; 4) The thixotropy index ⁇ 3.5; 5 in artificial gastric juice CEC is 130 mmol/100 g, and its X-powder diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 6.
  • Example 7 Preparation of Modified Montmorillonite B-7
  • step 2) Under stirring, add hydrochloric acid to the crude dispersion of modified hydrogen montmorillonite obtained in step 1) to contain 1.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid, and stir for 2 hours at 60* € for 2 times.
  • the acidified dispersion; the acidified dispersion was placed in a membrane diafiltration device with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to obtain a modified hydrogen montmorillonite having a solid content of about 5%.
  • step 3 Under stirring, add hydrochloric acid to the crude modified hydroxy montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 2) to contain 0.8 mol/L hydrochloric acid, and stir at 50 ° C for 2 hours to obtain 3 Sub-acidified dispersion; the three acidified dispersions are placed in a membrane diafiltration equipment with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to obtain a purified modified hydrogen-based monoxide having a solid content of about 5%. Decalcified dispersion;
  • acetic acid is added to the crude modified hydroxy montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 3) to contain 0.5 mol/L acetic acid, and stirred at 50 for 2 hours to obtain 4 acidifications.
  • Dispersion; the 4 acidified dispersion was placed in a membrane diafiltration equipment with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to obtain a purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite having a solid content of about 5%.
  • step 5 adding acetic acid to the crude dispersion of modified hydrogen montmorillonite obtained in step 4) under stirring to make it contain 0.4 mol/L of acetic acid. Stir for 2 hours, get 5 acidifications Dispersion; the 5 acidified dispersion was placed in a membrane diafiltration equipment with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to obtain a purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite having a solid content of about 5%. Dispersions;
  • step 6 Under stirring, add acetic acid to the crude dispersion of modified hydrogen montmorillonite obtained in step 5) to contain 0.3 mol/L of acetic acid, and stir for 2 hours at 50 conditions to obtain 6 acidifications. Dispersion; the 6 acidified dispersion was placed in a membrane diafiltration equipment with a pore size of 50 nm, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and concentrated to obtain a purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite having a solid content of about 5%. Dispersions;
  • step 6 In the purified modified hydrogen montmorillonite dispersion obtained in step 6), add sodium hydroxide to make it contain 0.5 mol/l sodium hydroxide, heat to 70*C, and continue stirring for 36 hours. It is placed in a membrane diafiltration device with a pore size of 50 nm, and washed with deionized water to neutral to obtain a modified sodium montmorillonite dispersion; it is placed in a centrifugal separation device for solid-liquid separation, and the resulting filter cake is obtained. After drying, it is pulverized to obtain modified montmorillonite B-7.
  • the performance index of the obtained modified sodium montmorillonite B-7 is: 1) Ca 2 + is 0.05% in terms of CaO; 2) heavy metal ⁇ 5 ppm; 3) Na + is 3.65% in terms of Na 2 0; 4) The thixotropy index in artificial gastric juice is 5.6; 5) CEC is 125 mmol/100 g.
  • Example 8 Preparation of Modified Sodium Montmorillonite A
  • the obtained modified hydrogen group was formulated into a slurry containing a solid content of 20% with a 0.5 N hydrochloric acid solution, stirred for 6 hours, and the acid solution was removed by filtration.
  • the filter cake was washed with 60X: hot water to a pH of about 5, and pressure-filtered into A filter cake containing about 50% solids, adding sodium carbonate equivalent to the cation exchange capacity (such as 4.5-5 % of modified calcium-based montmorillonite), stirring sodium, making the pH 7-8, sodiumation 34 h, dried at 120 ,, pulverized to 300-500 mesh, then modified sodium montmorillonite A, its X-powder diffraction pattern see figure
  • modified sodium montmorillonite is mixed with the prescribed amount of glucose, and filled into an aluminum-plastic composite packaging bag according to the specifications, thereby obtaining a modified sodium-based montmorillonite powder.
  • Example 10 Preparation of Modified Sodium Montmorillonite Granules
  • step 2) Add a prescription amount of povidone K-30 solution to the dry mix prepared in step 1), mix well to obtain a soft material;
  • the soft material is made into a wet granule with a 24-mesh sieve, dried under 60 ⁇ conditions, and granulated with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain dry granules;
  • the soft material is made into a wet granule with a 24-mesh sieve, dried under 601C conditions, and granulated with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain dry granules;
  • modified sodium montmorillonite capsule Preparation of modified sodium montmorillonite intestinal sol Modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 500 g
  • the dry powder mixture is filled into the enteric hollow capsule to obtain a modified sodium-based montmorillonite sol agent.
  • modified sodium montmorillonite is first added to pure water, stirred and hooked, then benzoic acid is added, stirred uniformly, and sheared by a shearing machine for 15 minutes to obtain a body.
  • modified sodium montmorillonite is mixed with the prescribed amount of sodium hydrogencarbonate and citric acid, and the mixture is directly mixed, and the tablet is directly compressed to obtain a modified sodium-based montmorillonite effervescent tablet.
  • the therapeutic use of the modified sodium montmorillonite of the present invention was verified by the efficacy test examples below. See Table 2 for the physical and chemical properties of the montmorillonite used in the test.
  • SD rats (Shanghai Xipuer-Beikai Experimental Animal Co., Ltd., SCXK Shanghai 2008-0016) 90, weighing 200 ⁇ 220 g, male and female, divided into 9 groups, 10 in each group, including model group (double steaming Water 1 ml/100g), positive group (sugar aluminum 300 mg/kg), natural calcium-based montmorillonite (300 mg/k) group, modified calcium-based montmorillonite (300 mg/kg) group, natural sodium base Montmorillonite (300 mg/kg) group, modified sodium montmorillonite A (300 mg/kg) group, modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 low dose group (75 mg/kg), medium dose Group (150 mg/kg) and high dose group (300 mg/kg). Each group was intragastrically administered, and the administration volume was 1 ml/100 g.
  • Rats were fasted for 48 h after oral administration (higher cages to prevent their feces), and administered intragastrically every 24 hours. After 15 minutes of the last administration, absolute ethanol (l ml/mouse) was administered. After modeling for 1 h The rats were sacrificed, the stomach was dissected, cut along the stomach, and fixed with 1% formaldehyde solution for 10 min. The degree of damage is evaluated. The degree of damage is expressed by the ulcer index. The length of the strip-shaped damage is greater than 1 mm. The length is measured, and the score is 1 point per mm. If the width is greater than 1 mm, the score is doubled. The total score is the ulcer index of the animal, and the data is analyzed by t test.
  • ulcer inhibition rate control group ulcer index X 1000/0
  • the rats in the model group had severe damage to the gastric mucosa after fasting the stomach with ethanol, and the sucralfate could significantly protect the gastric mucosa and improve the damage caused by ethanol.
  • the model group PO.01
  • the test sample modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 group can also effectively prevent ethanol damage to the gastric mucosa, 75 mg/kg
  • the dose group and the model group P ⁇ 0.05
  • PO.01 the 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/k dose groups
  • the ulcer inhibition rate was from 42.7 ⁇ At 72.8 %, the protective effect was positively correlated with the dose administered.
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 group had a significant protective effect on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats, and the ulcer inhibition rate was over 70% at doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg. And the protective effect on the gastric mucosa is slightly better than that of sucralfate.
  • Table 3 Protective effect of modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 on gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol in rats ( ⁇ s )
  • Test Example 2 Protective effect of modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 on rat gastric mucosal injury model induced by hydrochloric acid This trial was based on the preclinical research guidance of new medicine (Western medicine) promulgated by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China in July 1993.
  • the General Assembly contains the general requirements for the pharmacodynamics of gastric mucosal acute injury.
  • SD rats (Shanghai Xipuer-Beikai Experimental Animal Co., Ltd., SCXK Shanghai 2008-0016) 90, weighing 200 ⁇ 220 g, male and female, divided into 9 groups, 10 in each group, including model group (double steaming Water 1 ml/100g), positive group (sugar aluminum 300 mg/kg), natural calcium-based montmorillonite (300 mg/k) group, modified calcium-based montmorillonite (300 mg/kg) group, natural sodium Low-dose group (75 mg/kg) of montmorillonite (300 mg/kg) group, modified sodium montmorillonite A (300 mg/kg) group, modified sodium montmorillonite B-1
  • the dose group (150 mg/kg) and the high dose group (300 mg/kg) were intragastrically administered at a dose of 1 ml/100 g.
  • Rats were fasted for 48 h after intragastric administration (higher cages to prevent their feces), and administered intragastrically every 24 h. After 15 minutes of the last administration, 0.6 mol/L hydrochloric acid was used as the quasi-stomach (1 ml/mouse). After 1 hour of modeling, the rats were sacrificed, the stomach was dissected, and the stomach was cut and cut with a 1% formazan solution for 10 min. The degree of damage is evaluated. The degree of damage is expressed by the ulcer index. The length of the strip-shaped damage is greater than 1 mm. The length is measured, and 1 point per mm. If the width is greater than 1 mm, the score is doubled. The total score is the ulcer index of the animal, and the number is analyzed by t test. Press the formula 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ * ⁇ rate:
  • the modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 was significantly higher in the 75 mg/k dose group than in the sucralfate group (P ⁇ 0.01), 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg.
  • the ulcer index of the group was lower than that of the sucralfate group, and the 300 mg/kg dose group was significantly more significant than the sucralfate group ( ⁇ 0 ⁇ 05).
  • Modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 has obvious protective effect on gastric mucosal injury induced by 0.6 mol/L hydrochloric acid in rats. At 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/k, the ulcer inhibition rate is over 80%. And its high-dose group has better protective effect on gastric mucosa than sucralfate and modified sodium-based montmorillonite group A.
  • Test Example 3 Inhibition of growth of Helicobacter pylori by modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 in vitro
  • Natural calcium-based montmorillonite Natural calcium-based montmorillonite, natural sodium-based montmorillonite, modified calcium-based montmorillonite, modified sodium-based montmorillonite A, modified sodium-based montmorillonite B-1, and physiological water.
  • HP Helicobacter pylori NCTC11637 strain and SS1 strain.
  • the HP strain was stained with Gram staining, and it was shown to be arc or nautical bacterium under light microscope, and the rapid urease test was positive.
  • Natural calcium-based montmorillonite, modified calcium-based montmorillonite and natural sodium-based montmorillonite were formulated to a final concentration of 145 mg/ml, 72.5 mg/ml, and 36.25 mg/mK, respectively, using a double-flat JUL dilution method. 18.13 mg/mK 9.06 mg/mK 4.53 mg/ml drug solution, modified sodium montmorillonite A and modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 to a final concentration of 80 mg/mK 40 mg/mK 20 mg/ml, 10 mg/mK 5 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml drug solution.
  • the natural calcium-based montmorillonite, modified calcium-based montmorillonite and natural sodium-based montmorillonite can inhibit the growth of HP NCTC11637 and SSI strains, and the MIC chamber is 145.
  • SSI strain, Mi. . And MIC90 were 20 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml, respectively; however, physiological water had no growth inhibition on each HP strain. use.
  • Test Example 4 Reversal effect of modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 on chronic atrophic gastritis
  • the CAG model was established according to the pseudo-modeling method by treating with 60% alcohol, 20 mmol/1 sodium deoxycholate and 0.1% ammonia water for 24 weeks. That is, 20 mmol/l sodium deoxycholate was administered daily, and the stomach was intragastrically administered every Tuesday and Friday (the feed was taken every Monday and Thursday at 9:00, and the fasting was started at 9:00 the next morning).
  • the dose was as follows: Rats weighed ⁇ 200 8 , each time weighed 1 mL; rats weighed 200 ⁇ 250 g, 1.5 mL each time; rat body weight > 25 ( ⁇ , 2 mL per administration. 60% alcohol every Tuesday, five Fasting gavage, fasting ⁇ and doses of sodium deoxycholate; free to drink 0.1% ammonia, and record each drank. Regular feeding for 24 weeks slaughter.
  • Eighty SD rats were divided into 8 groups, 10 in each group, which were set as model group, saline group (placebo control group), sucralfate group, natural calcium-based montmorillonite group, modified calcium-based montmorillonite. Stone group, natural sodium montmorillonite group, modified sodium montmorillonite group and modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 group.
  • the model group, ie, the mouse CAG was molded, and was routinely reared until the 24th weekend; the saline group, ie, the mouse CAG, was stopped, stimulated and given normal saline, once a day, and slaughtered at the 28th weekend; After the aluminum group, ie, the mouse CAG was molded, the stimulation was stopped and the sucralfate suspension (100 m g /mL) was intragastrically administered.
  • the body weight of the rats was ⁇ 200 g, and each time the rats were intragastrically administered 1 mL/time/time, the body weight was 200- 250 rats were administered 1.5 ml / time, rats with a body weight > 250 ⁇ , administered 2 ml / time / time; natural calcium-based montmorillonite group, modified calcium-based montmorillonite group, natural Sodium-based montmorillonite, modified montmorillonite group A, modified montmorillonite group B, ie, mouse CAG molding, stop stimulation and separately modified sodium montmorillonite A, natural calcium-based montmorillonite group Natural sodium montmorillonite suspension (100 mg/mL) was intragastrically administered.
  • Rats weighing ⁇ 200 were given 1 mL/time/time, and rats weighing 200-250 g were administered 1.5 ml/only.
  • Rats, rats weighing >25 ( ⁇ , administered 2 ml / time / time; modified montmorillonite B1 group, dosing regimen with 3 ⁇ 4 # aluminum group, ie mouse CAG after modeling, stop stimulation and each Daily administration of modified montmorillonite B1 suspension (50 Mg/mL), rat body weight ⁇ 200g, 1 mL per administration per time; rats weighing 200-250g administered 1.5 ml / time / rat; rats weighing >250g, administration 2 Ml/only/time, slaughtered until the 28th weekend.
  • the whole stomach was immediately expelled by laparotomy, and the whole stomach was removed at 1.5 cm from the cardia and pylorus. Cut open, Rinse with normal saline solution, spread the filter paper and spread it out; take 1/2 of the antrum of the stomach and scrape the gastric mucosa with a glass slide, freeze it with liquid nitrogen, and store it.
  • the remaining gastric mucosa specimens were fixed with 10% neutral formaldehyde solution, taken along the large curved side strips, routinely dehydrated, embedded in paraffin, serially sliced at 5 ⁇ thickness, and copied to poly-L-lysine anti-offset tablets.
  • Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed on the treated glass slides.
  • the semi-quantitative method was used to observe the inflammation of the gastric mucosa in each group.
  • the whole gastric mucosa was observed under low magnification.
  • Each field was observed in the antrum and corpus, respectively.
  • the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration was divided into seven levels of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0.
  • the inflammatory conditions of 10 visual fields were recorded by the above methods, and the corpus and stomach of each rat were obtained after the average. Inflammation index of the sinus.
  • the test results were analyzed by one-Way ANOVA with completely random design data, and SPSS11.0 statistical software was used to assist the statistics.
  • the results are shown in Fig. 11. It can be seen that in the antral mucosal inflammation index of rats, the montmorillonite treatment group was significantly lighter than the CAG model control group and the placebo group; the modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 group and the modified sodium group The montmorillonite group A was significantly lighter than the sucralfate treatment group (PO.05), and the modified sodium montmorillonite B-1 group was superior to the modified sodium montmorillonite group A (P ⁇ 0.05), and Very significantly higher than the natural montmorillonite group (P ⁇ 0.01).

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Description

一种改性钠基蒙脱石、 其制备方法和用^: 技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备改性钠基蒙脱石的方法,由所述方法制备的改性钠 基蒙脱石和其用途。 背景技术
中 国 专 利 申 请 CN200610054632.1 和 WO2007090355A 、 CN200610055117.5 和 CN200680028247.8 ( WO2007051427A ) 、 CN200610005685.4和 CN2008101096824分别公开了 "提纯蒙脱石的方法和 提纯蒙脱石及其组合物"、 "改性蒙脱石及其制备方法和其应用" 、 "纳米蒙 脱石在制药中的应用及其药物组合物"和 "一种利用电泳提纯蒙脱石的方法 及其制得的蒙脱石和其应用", 这些专利申请分别采用提纯、 改性、 纳米和 电泳处理的方法, 以除去膨润土中的杂质, 改善蒙脱石的微观结构和性能, 显著提高其质量,拓展膨润土的应用领域, 尤其是显著拓宽蒙脱石的医疗用 途和提高其疗效。 但是, 蒙脱石的质量还有待进一步提高, 微观'结构也有待 进一步改善, 以获得更好的效果。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种新型改性钠基蒙脱石, 其特征在于, 以 Na20计, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石中的 Na+不低于 2 %, 优选不低于 3 % , 更优 选不低于 4 %, 最优选不低于 5%。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种制备改性钠基蒙脱石的方法,包括以下 步骤:
1 )将纯度不低于 90 %的蒙脱石与 0.1-10 mol/L的一种酸按照蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 1-100混合,进行酸化或酸处理,加入蒙脱石重量 0.05-3.5% 的分散剂, 热煮, 除去酸, 洗涤, 得改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
2 )将 1 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石分散液的含固量控制在 0.5-10 % , 加 入不低于蒙脱石阳离子交换容量的钠化剂以使其中的蒙脱石钠化。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种纳米改性钠基蒙脱石, 其特征在于, 以 Na20计, 所述纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中的 Na+不低于 2 %, 优选不低于 3 %, 更优选不低于 4 % , 最优选不低于 5%。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种制备纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的方法,包括 如下步骤: 将本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石配制成含固量 0.5-60 %的水溶液, 置 于例如高速剪切机、高速分散机、球磨机或高压均质机中进行高速剪切分散、 均质后, 干燥, 粉碎。
本发明还涉及所述改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石用于制备药物 的用途。
另外, 本发明涉及使用所述改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石来预 防和治疗消化道疾患的用途及其药物组合物。
本发明还涉及所述改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石用 f制备医药 或食用辅料及其在石油、 建筑、 农药化肥等领域中的应用。 附图说明
图 1 实施例 1制得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1的 X-粉末衍射图谱; 图 2 实施例 2制得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-2的 X-粉末衍射图谱; 图 3 实施例 3制得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-3的 X-粉末衍射图谱; 图 4 实施例 4制得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-4的 X-粉末衍射图谱; 图 5 实施例 5制得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-5的 X-粉末衍射图谱; 图 6 实施例 6制得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-6的 X-粉末衍射图谱; 图 7 改性钠基蒙脱石 A的 X-粉末衍射图谱, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石 A 由 CN20068 0028247.8公开方法制备得到;
图 8 天然钠基蒙^的 X-粉末衍射图谱;
图 9 改性钙基蒙脱石的 X-粉末衍射图镨, 所述改性钙基蒙脱石由 CN200680028247.8公开方法制备得到;
图 10 天然钙基蒙脱石的 X-粉末衍射图谱;
图 11 试验各组对大鼠胃窦部炎症指数的影响。 具体实施方式
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种新型改性钠基蒙脱石, 其特征在于, 以
Na20计, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石中的 Na+不低于 2 %, 优选不低于 3 %, 更优 选不低于 4 %, 最优选不低于 5%。 在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石 X-衍射图谱中的 d002 峰对应的 d值为 5.50A-7.00A, 优选为 5.75A-6.75A, 更优选为 6.00A-6.5A, 最优选为 6.25人。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,以 CaO计,所述改性钠基蒙脱石中的 Ca2+ 不超过 1 % ,优选不超过 0.5 %, 更优选不超过 0.1 % ,最优选不超过 0.05%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石的触变性指数不低于 1, 优选不低于 2, 更优选不低于 3, 最优选不低于 4。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石的纯度不低于 97 %, 优选不低于 98 %, 更优选不低于 99 % , 最优选不低于 99.5 %。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石的阳离子交换容量 ( CEC )为 90-150 mmol/100g,优选为 100-145 mmol/100g,更优选为 110-140 mmol/lOOg, 最优选为 115-135 mmol/lOOg.
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石的膨胀度不小于 7.0 ml/g,优选不小于 9.0 ml/g,更优选不小于 10.0 ml/g,最优选不小于 12.0 ml/g。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,每 lg所述改性钠基蒙脱石对硫酸士的宁的 吸附量为 0.30-0.75 g, 优选为 0.40-0.70 g, 更优选为 0.45-0.65 g, 最优选为 0.50-0.60 g.
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石中的重金属含量不超 过 10 ppm,优选不超过 7 ppm,更优选不超过 5 ppm,最优选为不超过 3 ppm - 4 ppm。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述改性钠基蒙脱石中的杂质不超过 3 %, 优选不超过 2 % , 更优选不超过 1 %, 最优选不超过 0.5%。
在一种示例性实施方案中,本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石以提纯蒙脱石为原 料,经多次酸化、洗涤处理,以有效除去蒙脱石离子层间的阳离子(钙离子、 氢离子或镁离子)和酸溶性杂质, 将其变为改性氢基蒙脱石, 同时打开蒙脱 石的堆叠层, 使其层片变薄, 将镶嵌在蒙脱石层的 α -石英暴露, 将其通过 物理方法除去,得提纯改性氢基蒙脱石;再将改性氢基蒙脱石进行钠化处理, 将其转化为改性钠基蒙脱石, 并利用改性钠基蒙脱石的优良悬浮性, 以及改 性蒙脱石与非改性蒙脱石的比重差异较大等特点, 通过洗涤(膜分离技术) 以除去碱溶性杂质。
本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石具有微观结构更为合理、性能更优、质量更好、 层间钠离子含量高和疗效更好更为广泛等特点。 与天然钠基蒙脱石、天然钙 基蒙脱石 (如思密达)、 以及 CN200610055117.5 和 CN200680028247.8 ( WO2007051427A )制得的改性钠基蒙脱石相比, 本发明的改性钠基蒙脱 石具有下述特点:
1、 本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石纯度高、 杂质低、 阳离子交换容量大, 且 其层间钠离子含量显著提高, 水化膨胀性能更优;
2、 本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石的结构单元层重复堆迭层厚度的变薄, 悬 浮性、 分散性和触变性能更优, 凝胶性能显著。 例如, 本发明的改性钠基蒙 脱石在人工胃液与人工肠液中均能形成具有网状结构并具有触变性的凝胶 态物质。 本发明提供一种制备改性钠基蒙脱石的方法, 包括以下步骤:
1 )将纯度不低于 90 %的蒙脱石与 0.1-10 mol/L的一种酸按照蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 1-100混合,进行酸化或酸处理,加入蒙脱石重量 0.05-3.5% 的分散剂, 热煮, 除去酸, 洗涤, 得改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
2 )将 1 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石分散液的含固量控制在 0.5-10 %, 加 入不低于蒙脱石阳离子交换容量的钠化剂以使其中的蒙脱石钠化。
本发明中纯度不低于 90 %的蒙脱石也称提纯蒙脱石, 在本领域中又称 "高纯度蒙脱石" 或 "高质量蒙脱石", 是指采用提纯方法处理而得到的纯 化蒙脱石 , 例如, 釆用 CN200610054632.1、 WO2007090355A、 CN200610055117.5和 CN200680028247.8 ( WO2007051427A )公开的方法 制备得到。本发明优选采用含有少量二氧化硅杂质的提纯蒙脱石作为起始原 料, 以有效控制非粘土硅酸盐矿物杂质带入后续的处理工艺,从而提高改性 钠基蒙脱石的质量。
本发明所述的 "改性钠基蒙脱石" 是指经钠化改性的提纯蒙脱石。
在本发明中, "阳离子交换容量", 即 CEC, 是指蒙脱石吸附交换阳离子 的数量, 包括交换性盐基和交换性氢, 其单位为 mmol/100g。 本发明釆用氯 化钴氨离子交换法测定阳离子交换容量(CEC ), 即, 使用【Co(NH3)63+作为 交换性阳离子, 测定蒙脱石的阳离子交换容量。 该过程如下: 将蒙脱石样粉 碎,过 300目筛, 60 烘 3小时,备用;再将蒙脱石试样与一定量的 0.025 mol/L [Co(NH3)6】Cl3溶液混合, 调 pH至 7-8, 摇匀, 待离子交换平衡后, 在 474.0 nm 处测其吸光度, 由交换前后的吸光度之差 ΔΑ, 计算离子交换对应的浓 度 C, 根据公式 CEC-300CV/W计算蒙脱石的阳离子交换容量, 公式中 V 是交换液体积, W为称取的试样量。 本发明中用等离子发射光谱法测定蒙 脱石中的 Ca2+、 Mg2+、 Na+、 的量。 但上述方法并非限制性的。
除非另有说明, 本发明所述的百分比均为重量百分比。 在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述的提纯蒙脱石选自提纯钠基蒙脱石、 提纯钠钙基蒙脱石、提纯氢基蒙脱石、提纯镁基蒙脱石、 天然钠基蒙脱石和 提纯钙基蒙脱石中的任一种或其组合。 所述提纯蒙脱石的纯度不低于 93 % , 优选不低于 95%, 更优选不低于 97%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述酸选自无机酸与有机酸中的任一种或 其组合。 所述的无机酸包括但不仅限于一元酸、 二元酸或三元酸; 所述的一 元酸选自盐酸、 硝酸、 氢溴酸或氢氟酸, 二元酸选自硫酸或磺酸, 三元酸选 自磷酸, 优选无机酸为一元酸, 最优选为盐酸或硝酸。 所述的有机酸包括但 不仅限于羟基酸、 酮酸或果酸的任一种或其组合, 优选的有机酸选自乙酸、 草酸、 柠檬酸、 琥珀酸、 曱酸、 丙酸、 丁酸、 丙二酸、 丁二酸、 丙酮酸、 谷 氨酸、 酒石酸、 苹果酸、 乳酸、 富马酸、 衣康酸、 抗坏血酸、 延胡索酸、 α -酮戊二酸中的任一种或其组合, 更优选为乙酸、 草酸、 柠檬酸、 琥珀酸、 丙酸、丁酸、丁二酸或丙二酸中的任一种或其组合。所述酸的浓度可为 0.5-8 mol/L, 优选为 0.8-6 mol/L, 更优选为 1-5 mol/L, 最优选为 2-4 mol/L。
在一些实施方案中,所述酸中无机酸:有机酸的摩尔比为 5-150: 5-200, 优选为 10-120: 10-150,更优选为 20-100: 20-120,最优选为 30-80: 30-100.
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 所述蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 2-50, 优 选为 1: 2.5-25, 更优选为 1: 3-10.
在本发明的一些实施方案中,上述 1 )步所述的酸化或酸处理可为多次, 优选为 1-10次, 更优选为 2-8次, 还再优选为 3-6次, 最优选为 4-5次。 优 选通过离心或过滤除去所述酸。
本发明所述的 "分散剂", 在本领域中也称 "选矿剂"、 "高纯度剂" 或 "高纯度处理剂"。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述分散剂选自六偏磷酸钠、三偏磷酸钠、 重偏磷酸钠、 聚丙烯酸钠、 氨水、 焦磷酸钠、 多聚磷酸钠、 丙烯酸、 丙烯酸 钠、 硅酸钠、 磷酸三钠、 氢氧化钠、 碳酸钠、 碳酸氢钠、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 柠檬醵钠、 Na2HP04、 NaH2P04、 NaCK NaF、 硫酸钠、 硅溶胶、 尿素、 聚 山梨酸酯、 盐酸、 乙酸和草酸中的任一种或其组合, 优选为六偏磷酸钠、 焦 磷酸钠、 多聚碑酸钠、 三偏磷酸钠、 重偏磷酸钠、 聚丙烯酸钠、 磷酸三钠、 柠檬酸钠、 Na2HP04、 NaCl、 NaF、 尿素、 NaH2P04、氨水、硫酸钠、 盐酸、 乙酸和草酸中的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 分散剂的用量为提纯蒙脱石用量的 0.05-3.0%, 优选为 0.15-2.5%, 更优选为 0.25-2.0%, 最优选为 0.35-1.5 %。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,上述 1 )步所述热煮的热煮时间为 0.5-100 小时, 优选为 2-70小时, 更优选为 3-40小时, 最优选为 5-20小时。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 上述 1 )步所述热煮的热煮温度为 30-100 优选为 40-95t:, 另优选为 50-90 更优选为 60-85t , 最优选为 70-80 。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 上述 2 )步所述改性氢基蒙脱石分散液的 含固量为 1-9%, 优选为 2-8 %, 更优选为 3-6 %, 最优选为 4-5 %。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述钠化剂为本领域常用的可溶性钠盐, 所述钠化剂选自六偏磷酸钠、 三偏磷酸钠、 重偏磷酸钠、 聚丙烯酸钠、 焦磷 酸钠、 多聚磷酸钠、 丙烯酸钠、 硅酸钠、 磷酸钠、 氢氧化钠、 碳酸钠、 碳酸 氢钠、 羧曱基纤维素钠、 Na2HP04、 Na¾P04、 NaCl、 NaF、 硫酸钠和柠檬 酸钠中的任一种或其组合, 优选为六偏磷酸钠、 焦磷酸钠、 多聚磷酸钠、 三 偏磷酸钠、 重偏磷酸钠、 磷酸钠、 柠檬酸钠、 Na2HP04、 NaH2P04、 NaCl、 NaF、 硫酸钠、 氢氧化钠、 碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠中的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述钠化剂的用量比蒙脱石阳离子交换容 量稍过量, 例如, 钠化剂的用量比其阳离子交换容量过量 0.5-10%, 优选过 量 1-8 %, 更优选过量 2-6 %, 最优选过量 3-5 %。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述钠化剂的用量为改性氢基蒙脱石用量 的 1-20 % , 优选为 2-15 % , 更优选为 3-10 %, 最优选为 4-7.5 %。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 所述钠化料浆的含固量为 1-8 %, 优选为 1.5-6 % , 更优选为 2-5 %。
由于蒙脱石料浆的粘度大,传统的固液离心分离技术难以实现固液的完 全分离 (如三足式离心机或管式离心机等), 且这类设备造价昂贵, 安全系 数、 使用寿命和生产效能均低, 难以达到规模化生产的要求。 在本发明的优 选实施方案中, 通过膜过滤技术或离心分离洗涂技术对其进行洗涤或浓缩, 优选通过膜过滤技术。 膜过滤技术(又称 "透析膜洗涤" ) 不仅可显著提高 蒙脱石的生产效能, 还具有设备投资低、 能耗低、 所得产品纯度高、 产率高 等优点, 并且适合^ ^化生产的要求, 另外, 产生的洗涤废水可经反渗透膜 处理后循环使用, 是一种环保的分离技术。
在一种优选实施方案中,所述膜过滤是将洗涤料浆或浓缩料浆置于膜透 析设备中, 经机械搅拌或压缩空气翻动搅拌, 用循环泵或气压方式将料浆输 送到透析膜处, 以压力差分离除去小于滤膜孔径的滤液。
在本发明的一种优选实施方案中, 所述的透析膜为陶瓷膜, 所述陶瓷膜 的材质选自氧化锆和氧化铝中的任一种或其组合。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述透析膜的孔径为 20nm-200nm, 优选 为 50 nm-150nm。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述透析膜的 pH适用范围为 0-14。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述的透析膜在高速低压条件下,选用物 理方法、 化学方法或物理化学方法, 进行再生清洗。 所述物理方法是指例如 釆用高速水沖洗、机械清洗或其组合方式清洗透析膜, 以去除污染物。 所述 化学方法是指例如采用对膜材料本身没有破坏,而对污染物有溶解或置换作 用的化学试剂, 清洗透析膜。 例如, 用无机强酸将不溶性污染物变成可溶性 物质, 用有机酸清洗无机盐沉淀, 用螯合剂络合污染物中的无机离子, 用表 面活性剂去除有机污染物等, 以减少膜表面和孔内沉积的盐,从而减少或去 除表面和孔内吸附的污染物, 恢复膜通量。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 采用强酸、强碱交替清洗污染严重的透析 膜, 必要时, 可加入氧化剂(如次氯酸钠)与表面活性剂, 或在高速低压的 操作条件下, 配以反冲和清水漂洗, 恢复膜通量。
在本发明的进一步优选的实施方案中, 将经浓缩的钠化料浆进行干燥、 粉碎。
并且, 本发明的制备工艺具有产品收率高、 生产成本低、 易产业化等优
本发明还提供一种改性钠基蒙脱石, 其由上述方法制备得到。 为了进一步改善和提高本发明所述改性钠基蒙脱石的理化性能,本发明 还将制备所得的改性钠基蒙脱石进行高速剪切分散、 高压均质、 气流粉碎等 处理, 以制得其纳米改性钠基蒙脱石。
本发明还提供一种纳米改性钠基蒙脱石, 其特征在于, 以 Na20计, 纳 米 性钠基蒙脱石中的 Na+不低于 2 %, 优选不低于 3 %, 更优选不低于 4 %, 最优选不低于 5%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 以 CaO计, 本发明纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 中的 Ca2+不超过 1 %, 优选不超过 0.5 %, 更优选不超过 0.1 % , 最优选不超 过 0.05%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 本发明纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 X-衍射图谱 中的 d002峰的 d值为 5.50A-7.00A,优选为 5.75A-6.75A,更优选为 6.00A-6.5A, 最优选为 6.25A。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 所述纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的粒径不大于 1 μ ιη, 优选不大于 0.8 μ ιη, 更优选不大于 0.6 μ ιη, 另优选不大于 0.4 μ πι, 最优选不大于 0.2 μ ιη。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的阳离子交换容 量(CEC )为 90-150 mmol/lOOg, 优选为 100-145 mmol/lOOg, 更优选为 110-140 mmol/lOOg, 最优选为 115-135 mmol/100g。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的膨胀度不小于 4.0, 优选不小于 5.0, 更优选不小于 7.0, 还优选不小于 9.0, 另优选不小于 10.0, 最优选不小于 12.0。
在本发明的一些实施方案中, 本发明每 lg纳米改性钠基蒙脱石对硫酸 士的宁的吸附量为 0.30-0.70 g, 优选为 0.40-0.65 g, 更优选为 0.5-0.6 g。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中的重金属不 超过 lO ppm, 优选不超过 7 ppm, 更优选不超过 5 ppm, 最优选为不超过 3 ppm -4 ppm。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中的杂质不超 过 5 %, 优选不超过 4 % , 更优选不超过 3 %, 还优选不超过 2 %, 另优选不 超过 1 %, 最优选不超过 0.5%。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,本发明纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中的触变性指 数不低于 1, 优选不低于 2, 更优选不低于 3, 最优选不低于 4。 本发明还提供一种制备纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的方法, 其包括: 将纯度不 低于 95%的本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石配制成含固量 0.5-60 %的水溶液,置于 例如高速剪切机、 高速分散机、 球磨机或高压均质机中进行高速剪切分散、 均质后, 干燥, 粉碎。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石的纯度不低于 96 %, 优选不低于 97 % , 更优选不低于 98 % , 最优选不低于 99 %。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述水溶液的浓度为 5-50 %,优选为 10-40 %, 更优选为 15-30 % , 最优选为 20-25 %。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述均质压力不低于 10 MPa, 优选为 20-800 MPa, 更优选为 30-600 MPa, 还优选 50-500 MPa, 最优选为 80-300 MPa。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述的高压均质机选自中高压均质机、超 高压均质机、纳米超高压均质机、纳米对撞机或高压微射流均质机的任一种 或其组合。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述粉碎为粗级粉碎后的气流粉碎。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述颗粒的粉碎细度不低于 300目,优选 不低于 500目, 另优选不低于 1000目, 更优选不低于 3000目, 最优选不低 于 5000目。
在一种示例性实施方案中,将本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石固体颗粒以水为 介质,在高速分散机的强剪切作用下进行预分散,并经高压均质(也称剥片) 由较低压力到高压的连续或多级均质后,所得颗粒的平均直径不大于 Ι μ πι, 目的在于通过强行粉碎增加其边缘, 强化其水化剥片性能, 增加 "车厢"数 量, 改善其吸附性能、 触变性和凝胶性等, 以提高其药效。
本发明还提供一种纳米改性钠基蒙脱石, 其由上述方法制备得到。
本发明所述的 "纳米改性钠基蒙脱石" 又称 "改性纳米钠基蒙脱石"。 本发明还提供一种用于治疗消化道疾患的药物组合物,由本发明所述的 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石和药学上可接受的载体组成。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 所述的消化道疾患选自消化道溃疡、 腹泻 或胃炎, 优选所述的胃炎为慢性胃炎, 更优选为慢性萎缩性胃炎。 在本发明的优选实施方案中, 组合物中改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基 蒙脱石的纯度不低于 95 % , 优选不低于 96 %, 更优选不低于 97 % , 还优选 不低于 98 % , 另优选不低于 99 %, 最优选不低于 99.5 %。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 组合物中改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基 蒙脱石:辅料的重量比 (按干品计)为 0.001-99: 1-99,优选为 0.001-90: 1-95, 更优选为 0.001-80: 1-90, 最优选为 0.001-70: 1-85。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 组合物中改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基 蒙脱石的重量百分含量为 1-99 %, 优选为 5-95 %, 还优选为 10-90 %, 更优 选为 15-85 %, 最优选为 20-80 %。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的 阳离子交换容量( CEC )为 90-150 mmol/lOOg,优选为 100-145 mmol/lOOg, 更优选为 110-140 mmol/lOOg, 最优选为 115-135 mmol/lOOg.
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的 膨胀度不小于 4.0, 优选不小于 5.0, 更优选不小于 7.0, 还优选不小于 9.0, 另优选不小于 10.0, 最优选不小于 12.0。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 组合物中每 1 g改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改 性钠基蒙脱石对硫酸士的宁的吸附量为 0.30-0.70 g, 优选为 0.40-0.65 g, 更 优选为 0.5-0.6 g。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 组合物中改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基 蒙脱石的重金属不超过 10 ppm, 优选不超过 7 ppm, 更优选不超过 5 ppm, 最优选为不超过 3 ppm - 4 ppm.
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 组合物中改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基 蒙脱石中的杂质不超过 5 %, 优选不超过 4 %, 更优选不超过 3 %, 还优选 不超过 2 % , 另优选不超过 1 %, 最优选不超过 0.5%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中 的 Ca2+(以 CaO计)不超过 1 %, 优选不超过 0.5 %, 更优选不超过 0.1 %, 最 优选不超过 0.05%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中 的 Na+(以 Na20计)不低于 2 %, 优选不低于 3 %, 更优选不低于 4 %, 最优 选不低于 5%。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的 触变性指数不低于 1, 优选不低于 2, 更优选不低于 3, 最优选不低于 4。 在本发明的优选实施方案中, 改性钠基蒙脱石的 X-衍射图谱中的(^2峰 的 d值为 5.50A-7.00A, 优选为 5.75 -6.75人, 更优选为 6.00A-6.5A, 最优选 为 6.25Ao
本发明的组合物可为本领域熟知的各种剂型, 并可采用本领域常规的制 剂技术以制备得到。适合于本发明的制剂为口服制剂或外用制剂,优选为口 服制剂。
所述的口服制剂选自片剂、 混悬液、 胶嚢剂、 颗粒剂、 丸剂、 散剂、 滴 丸、 糖浆剂、 合剂、 露剂、 泡腾剂、 糊剂、 乳剂或茶剂等; 优选为散剂、 混 悬液、 颗粒剂、 片剂、 胶嚢剂或泡腾剂。
适合于本发明的外用制剂可选自凝胶剂、贴膏剂、 膏药、霜剂、软膏剂、 搽剂、 洗剂、 栓剂、 涂抹剂、 膏剂或凝膏剂等, 优选为凝胶剂。
所述的药学上可接受的载体包括本领域熟知的用于制备上述制剂的常 用赋形剂或辅料, 其包括但不仅限于填充剂 (又称稀释剂)、 润滑剂 (又称 助流剂或抗粘着剂)、 分散剂、 湿润剂、 粘合剂、 调节剂、 增溶剂、 抗氧剂、 抑菌剂、 乳化剂、矫味剂或赋香剂等。 粘合剂, 例如糖浆、 阿拉伯胶、 明胶、 山梨醇、 黄芪胶、 纤维素及其衍生物、 明胶浆、 糖浆、 淀粉浆或聚乙烯吡咯 烷酮, 优选的纤维素衍生物为微晶纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、 乙基纤维素或 羟丙曱基纤维素; 填充剂, 例如乳糖、 糖粉、 糊精、 淀粉及其衍生物、 纤维 素及其衍生物、 无机钙盐、 山梨醇或甘氨酸, 优选无机 4¾盐为硫酸 、 磷酸 钙、 磷酸氢钙或沉降碳酸钙; 润滑剂, 例如微粉硅胶、 硬脂酸镁、 滑石粉、 氢氧化铝、 硼酸、 氢化植物油或聚乙二醇; 崩解剂, 例如淀粉及其衍生物、 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或微晶纤维素,优选的淀粉衍生物为 羧甲基淀粉钠、 淀粉乙醇酸納、 预胶化淀粉、 改良淀粉、 羟丙基淀粉或玉米 淀粉; 湿润剂, 例如十二烷基硫酸钠、 水或醇等。
另外,还可将活性成分与药学上可接受的緩控释载体按其制备要求加以 混合,再按照本领域熟知的緩控释制剂的制备方法, 如加入阻滞剂包衣或将 活性成分微嚢化后再制成微丸, 如緩释微丸或控释微丸; 所述的緩控释载体 包括但不仅限于油脂性掺入剂、 亲水胶体或包衣阻滞剂等, 所述的油脂性掺 入剂选自单硬脂酸甘油酯、 氢化蓖麻油、 矿油、 聚硅氧烷或二曱基硅氧烷的 任一种或其组合; 所述的亲水胶体选自羧曱基纤维素钠、 羟丙基纤维素、 羟 丙基甲基纤维素、 PVP、 阿拉伯胶、 西黄耆胶或卡波普的任一种或其组合; 所述的包衣阻滞剂选自乙基纤维素 (EC)、 羟丙甲基纤维素 (HMPC)、 聚乙烯 吡咯烷酮(PVP )、 邻苯二曱酸乙酸纤维素(CAP )、 丙烯酸类树脂的任一种 或其组合。 对于本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石、 纳米改性钠基蒙脱石或其药物组合物, 上述各实施方案中不同优选级别的技术特征之间可以任意相互组合。 本发明还涉及改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石或其組合物在制 备以下治疗用途的药物中的应用。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,所述改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱 石的医药用途选自:( 1 )改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在制备治疗 消化道疾患的药物中的应用, 所述的消化道疾病包括但不仅限于急慢性腹 泻、 反流性食管炎、 急慢性胃炎、 消化性溃疡、 肠易激综合症、 炎性肠道疾 患、 胃炎等, 优选所述的胃炎为慢性胃炎, 更优选为慢性萎缩性胃炎, 最优 选为对慢性萎缩性胃炎的逆转治疗作用;(2 )改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠 基蒙脱石在制备防治曱状腺功能亢进的药物中的应用;( 3 )改性钠基蒙脱石 或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在制备治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的药物中的应用;(4 )改 性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在制备预防或消除口腔异味的药物中 的应用;(5 )改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在制备药物载体或药物 辅料中的应用, 改性钠基蒙脱石可作为药物载体或药物辅料, 与某些抗生素 或酶相复合, 制成络合药物, 如链霉素-蒙脱石络合物; 优选用作口服制剂、 外用制剂、緩释制剂或控释制剂的基质,更优选用作片剂、混悬液、胶嚢剂、 颗粒剂、 丸剂、 散剂、 滴丸、 糖浆剂、 合剂、 露剂、 泡腾剂、 糊剂、 茶剂、 生物粘附制剂、 凝胶剂、 软膏、 霜剂、 栓剂、 乳剂、 膏剂、 无机抗菌剂、 皮 肤用制剂、 搽剂、 洗剂、 涂抹剂、 凝膏剂、 化妆品或悬浮剂的基盾; 所述药 物选自口服药物、 外用药物、 緩释药物或控释药物的任一种或其组合; (6 ) 改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在制备治疗皮肤病药物中的应用; ( 7 )改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在制备解酒保肝药物中的应用, 用于防治乙醇所致的肝损伤;(8 )改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在 制备具有清除或杀灭幽门螺杆菌功效的药物中的应用,用于防治幽门螺杆菌 感染所致的胃肠道疾患, 例如胃溃疡、 十二指肠溃疡等。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,限定本发明改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠 基蒙脱石的日用药剂量为 0.5-10g, 优选为 l-8g, 更优选为 1.5-6g, 还优选 为 2-4g,最优选为 2-3g。改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的实际日用 剂量可根据患者的病情、 体质、 体重、 年龄、 性别等因素进行适当调整。
本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石在 CEC、 吸附性与膨 胀性等方面均比天然蒙脱石更为优越, 与软组织(如胃肠间的黏膜、 皮肤层 黏膜、口腔黏膜等)粘连时间大大延长,延长活性成分在软组织的滞留时间, 增加活性成分与机体的交换时间和交换效率,实现活性成分的定点给药和控 放, 可提高有效成分的生物利用度和药物安全性, 因此, 本发明的改性 钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石可用于制备医药或食用辅料:
1 )用作生物粘附制剂的载体, 以控制药物释放, 降低或减少表面活性 物质对皮肤刺激作用, 所述的生物粘附制剂选自口含生物粘附剂、鼻用生物 粘附剂、 B艮用生物粘附剂, 阴道生物粘附剂、 直肠生物粘附剂或胃肠道生物 粘附剂等。如用本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石制备壬苯醇醚的阴道粘膜粘附药物 转运系 (AmDDS), 可增强药物与阴道粘膜的粘蛋白聚合物的相互作用, 延 长药物释放时间; 与枸橼酸铋钾制成胃生物粘附剂, 既延长枸橼酸铋钾在胃 肠的滞留时间, 而且对清除和杀灭幽门螺杆菌具有协同增效作用,还能大大 减少铋剂的突释现象, 提高药物的安全性; 与抗肿瘤药物(抗结肠癌药物) 制成胃肠(结肠)定位释放制剂, 可延长抗肿瘤药物在肠胃道的作用时间, 控制抗肿瘤药物的释放速率,提高药物生物利用度和安全性, 并减少或降低 药物的不良反应;
2 )用作凝胶剂的载体: 一定浓度范围的改性钠基蒙脱石水溶液可成为 良好的凝胶基质,具有水分散性基质的特点,无油腻感,具有很好的黏附性、 成膜性及细菌专属吸附性, 易于涂铺, 对皮肤及粘膜无刺激性, 且与皮肤粘 结效果好, 并能吸收和清除组织渗出液, 可作为性能优良的心电图诊断性凝 胶剂、 超声波诊断性凝胶剂、 齿科用凝胶剂、 成牙科用粘固粉、 治疗口腔疾 病的牙粉、 牙膏用增稠剂或皮肤用凝胶剂药学上可接受载体;
3 )利用改性钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的助悬性、 黏附性及流 变学改进剂的特性, 可用作水溶性软膏、 霜剂、 栓剂等半固体制剂的基质。 如与适量的愈创木胶、 CMC, 琼脂、 PVP、 油酸、 甘油、 丙二醇和蒸馏水 制成的栓剂, 具有常温下不变形、 不液化的特性, 利于药物扩散及吸收;
4 )用作医用糊剂、 无机抗菌剂、 皮肤用膏剂、 乳剂的基盾, 如在改性 钠基蒙脱石或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石中加入 MgO, 具有高度的亲水性、 分散 性, 制备得到的无机抗菌剂的抗绿脓杆菌效果较好;
5 )用作助悬剂, 其助悬效果明显优于羟曱基纤维素钠、 羧甲基淀粉钠 和海藻酸纳;
6 )用作面膜、 香粉、 水粉、 防晒化妆用品等化妆品的基质。 本发明还提供一种新型生物粘附型的枸橼酸铋钾制剂,该制剂由枸橼酸 铋钾、 改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石和其他药用辅料组成。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 制剂中各成分的重量百分含量为: 枸橼酸 铋钾 1-98%, 改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 1-98%, 余量为其 他辅料。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 制剂中各成分的重量百分含量为: 枸橼酸 铋钾 5-90%, 改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 5-90%, 余量为其 他辅料。
在本发明的优选实施方案中, 制剂中各成分的重量百分含量为: 枸櫞酸 铋钾 7.5-85%, 改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 7.5-85%, 余量为 其他辅料。
另夕卜,限定每剂本发明的制剂中含有枸橼酸 ^ 50-2500 mg,改性钠基 蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 10-2500 mg ; 优选含有枸橼酸铋钾 100-2000 mg, 改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 50-2000 mg; 更优 选含有枸橼酸铋钾 150-1500 mg,改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 100-1500 mg; 最优选含有枸橼酸铋钾 200-1200 mg, 改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或 纳米改性钠基蒙脱石 150-1200 mg. 本发明还提供一种含有改性钠基蒙脱石的化妆品, 所述化妆品含有 1-90%的改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石,余量为其他辅料;优选 化妆品中改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的含量为 5-85%, 更优 选为 7.5-80%, 最优选为 10-75%。 本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石还可用于制备下述 建筑材料:
1 )作为优良的防水材料,其具有极强的吸水膨胀性,能吸附自身体积 8 ~ 1 5倍的水, 体积膨胀倍数可高达 10 ~ 30倍, 且水化后能形成粘稠而相对稳 定的凝胶体, 有很强的保水性能, 即使长期存放, 水分自然干燥后, 遇水再 吸湿仍能膨胀并再次形成凝胶,具有干燥收缩遇水反复膨胀,且能产生高达 0.15 MPa膨胀压力的特性和触变性,具有良好的防水性、 防水自封性和耐久 性, 并可冬季施工;
2 )用做有机涂料(如聚乙烯醇、 聚乙酸乙烯、 丙烯酸、 羧甲基纤维素、 羟乙基纤维素等)的无机增稠剂且其增稠效果明显, 可以大大减少纤维素类 增稠剂和乳液型增稠剂或其他填料 (如轻质碳酸 、 聚乙烯醇)的用量, 且对 涂膜的耐洗刷性和耐水性几乎没有影响, 并具有良好的防止颜料、填料沉淀 的效果, 大大降低涂料的生产成本;
3 )用于制备辅助黏结剂;
4 )用作悬浮防沉剂, 在水介盾中具有良好的悬浮性、 触变性和分散性。
5 )用作石油钻井用泥浆、 精炼石油中的催化剂、 脱色剂, 或用于现场 配制钻井液等。 此外, 本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石和 /或纳米改性钠基蒙脱石还可用于下 述领域:
1 )用作农药、 化肥的载体, 以降低肥料的含水量, 防止肥料结块, 提 高肥料的颗粒度, 或解决复合肥的生产中过磷酸钙所含的水分、游离酸过高 或原料发生化学反应产生过多水分所致的造粒困难,利于肥料的生产、运输、 保存和使用;
2 )作为土壤改良剂, 因其阳离子交换量高达 120 mmol/100g左右, 吸 水率高达 200%以上,干压强度可达 6 kg/cm2,具有较强的保水能力及良好的 黏结性, 改变土壤中固体、 液体、 气体的比例, 改善土壤的水热条件和土壤 结构, 使土壤保水、 保肥又不污染土壤环境, 还可增加土壤的緩冲能力, 吸 附土壤中的有害元素;
3 )作为饲料添加剂, 对家禽家畜有增加食欲、 助消化、 调节机体平衡、 增加免疫机能、 防病保健等作用, 提高饲料的转化率, 降低其成本, 安全可 靠, 还有良好的适口性, 明显延长饲料的保盾期等;
4 )用作预混料载体, 流动性大, 不易扬尘, 加工过程中不易分层, 均 匀混合性能好, 对各种维生素、 微量元素分散吸附力强, 还可防潮、 防霉、 防虫蛀、 防变质等;
5 )用作颗粒饲料和水产饲料胶黏剂, 可以完全代替常用的羧基纤维素、 次粉等用作饲料成型的胶黏剂, 而且胶黏效果好、 可塑性强, 粒型整 , 表 面光滑, 外观盾量好, 成本低廉;
6 )用作饲料解毒剂, 防止饲喂过程因精料采食过多或消化不良导致的 酸中毒, 以及饲料中所含毒素或饲料储存所生成的審素对家畜的危害;
7 )作为发酵饲料的稀释剂, 延长发酵饲料的储存时间;
8 )用作土地填埋防渗材料, 有效提高混凝土的隔水效果和防渗能力, 防止有害物污染地下水盾;
9 )用作核电站核废料处理剂、 高危害性废料的緩冲材料或回填材料, 用于阻挡、緩冲放射性废料的扩散,保护环境和人身免受放射性污染物的危 害;
10 )作为空气净化剂, 有效吸附空气中的氧化硫与氧化氮, 达到净化空 气的效果;
11 )用于制备纳米复合材料, 具有不同于一^^观复合材料的力学、 热 学及电、 磁和光学性能;
12 )用作多种油类的脱色净化及酒类、 果汁的澄清剂, 以及用于动植物 油的脱色、 去除臭味和杂质处理;
13 )用作工业用催化剂、 载体或吸附剂, 以解决 H2S04、 A1C13等酸催化 工艺过程中造成的大量废酸、 设备腐蚀、 产物分离困难等环境污染问题。 以下将结合实施例具体说明本发明,本发明的实施例仅用于说明本发明 的技术方案, 并非限定本发明的实质和范围。
本申请文件中将本发明制得的改性钠基蒙脱石称为 "改性钠基蒙脱石 开方法制得的改性钠基蒙脱石称为 "改性钠基蒙脱石 A"。
除非另有说明, 所述 "本发明改性钠基蒙脱石" 包括本发明所述的 "改 性钠基蒙脱石 B" 和 /或由其制得的 "纳米改性钠基蒙脱石"。 实施例中作为原料所用的蒙脱石如表 1所示。 表 1 原料蒙胱石
原料蒙脱石名称 理化性能
提纯钙基蒙脱石 CEC为 110 mmol/lOOg, 膨胀度 >4, 2.8%CaO 提纯 4½蒙脱石 CEC为 110 mmol/lOOg, 膨胀度 >4, 7.5%MgO
CEC为 110 mmol/lOOg, 膨胀度 >4 , l%CaO, 提纯钠钙基蒙脱石
.9%Na20
天然钠基蒙脱石 CEC为 105 mmol/lOOg, 膨胀度 >4, 2.5%Na20 实施例 1 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-l的制备
1 )在提纯钙基蒙脱石中, 加入 3.0 mol/1的混合酸(其摩尔比组成为盐 酸: 草酸: 乙酸为 4: 10: 6 ), 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 3进行混合, 再加入提纯钙基蒙脱石重量 2%的六偏磷酸钠,在 70Ό条件下继续搅拌 4小 时,得 1次酸化分散液;将 1次酸化分散液置孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设 备中, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 配成含固量约为 5%的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品 液;
2 )在搅拌条件下, 在 1 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐 酸和乙酸,使其含有 1.8 mol/L盐酸与 0.4 mol/L乙酸,在 60Ό条件下搅拌 2 小时,得 2次酸化分散液;将 2次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过 滤设备中, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的改性氢基蒙 脱石粗品^ t液;
3 )在搅拌条件下, 在 2 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入硫 酸, 使其含有 0.9 mol/L的硫酸, 在 50t: H 下搅拌 2小时, 得 3次酸化分 散液;将 3次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离子 水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石^:液;
4 )在 3 )步所得的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液中, 加入氢氧化钠, 使 其含有 0.35 mol/1的氢氧化钠, 加热至 70 C, 连续搅拌 36小时后, 将其置 于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离子水洗涤至中性,得改性钠基 蒙脱石分散液,再将其置于离心分离设备中进行固液分离,得滤饼,干燥后, 粉碎, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石 B-l。 该改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1的性能指标为: 1 ) 以 CaO计, Ca2 +为 0.04%; 2 )重金属 < 5 ppm; 3 ) 以 Na20计, Na+为 3.6%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触 变性指数为 6.0; 5 ) CEC为 135 mmol/100g, 其 X-粉末衍射图潘参见图 1。 实施例 2 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-2的制备
1 )在天然钠基蒙^ (其 X-粉末衍射图谱参见图 8 )中, 加入 3.5 moV 的混合酸(其摩尔比组成为硫酸: 草酸: 乙酸为 10: 5: 4 ), 以蒙脱石: 酸 的质量比为 1: 3进行混合, 加入天然钠基蒙脱石重量 1%的六偏磷酸钠, 在 70Ό条件下继续搅拌 4小时, 压滤, 滤饼用去离子水洗涤至中性, 配成 含固量约为 5%的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液;
2 )在搅拌条件下, 在 1 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐 酸, 使其含有 1.8 mol/L的盐酸, 在 条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 压滤, 用去 离子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 15%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石^ t 液;
3 )在 2 )步所得的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液中, 加入碳酸钠, 使其 含有 0.30 mol/1的碳酸钠, 加热至 70TC , 连续搅拌 12小时后, 压滤, 用去 离子水洗涤至中性,得改性钠基蒙脱石粗品; 在所得的改性钠基蒙脱石粗品 中加水, 将制成浓度为 3 %的改性钠基蒙脱石粗品分散液置于离心分离设备 中进行固液分离, 洗涤, 所得滤饼, 在 干燥, 粉碎, 即得改性钠基蒙 脱石 B-2。
该改性钠基蒙脱石 B-2的性能指标为: 1 )以 CaO计, Ca2 +为 0.1%; 2 ) 重金属 < 5 ppm; 3 ) 以 Na20计, Na +为 3.5%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触变性 指数为 5.5; 5 ) CEC为 130 mmol/lOOg, 其 X-粉末衍射图谱参见图 2。 实施例 3 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-3的制备
1 )在提纯钙基蒙脱石中, 加入 2.5 mol/1的硝酸, 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量 比为 1: 3进行混合, 加入提纯钙基蒙脱石重量 1.5%的六偏磷酸钠, 在 70 X:条件下继续搅拌 4小时, 得 1次酸化分散液; 离心过滤 1次酸化分散液, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 加水, 得含固量约为 5%的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分 散液;
2 )搅拌条件下, 在 1 )步制得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐酸 和乙酸, 使其含有 0.8 mol/L的盐酸与 0.8 mol/L的乙酸, 在 501C条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 得 2次酸化分散液; 离心过滤 2次酸化分散液, 用去离子水洗 涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石^:液;
3 )在 2)步所得的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液中, 加入氢氧化钠, 使分 散液中的氢氧化钠浓度为 0.3 mol/l, 加热至 70"C, 连续搅拌 40小时后, 离 心过滤, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 喷雾干燥所得的改性钠基蒙脱石分散液, 粉碎, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石 B-3。
该改性钠基蒙脱石 B-3的性能指标为: 1 ) 以 CaO计, Ca2+为 0.21%; 2 )重金属 < 10 ppm; 3 ) 以 Na20计, Na+为 3.3%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触 变性指数为 4.5; 5 ) CEC为 126 mmol/100g, 其 X-粉末衍射图谱参见图 3。 实施例 4 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-4的制备
1 )在提纯镁基蒙脱石中, 加入 2.5 mo 的混合酸(其摩尔比组成为盐 酸: 草酸: 乙酸为 10: 5: 5 ), 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 3进行混合, 加入提纯镁基蒙脱石重量 1%的六偏磷酸钠,加热至 70 X ,继续搅袢 5小时; 离心过滤, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的改性氢基蒙 脱石粗品分散液;
2 )搅拌条件下,在 1 )步制得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐酸, 使其含有 0.8 mol/L的盐酸, 在 50 条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 得 2次酸化分散 液; 离心过滤 2次酸化^:液, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约 为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
3 )在 2)步所得的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液中, 加入氯化钠, 使分散 液中的氯化钠浓度为 0.3 mol/l, 加热至 70*C后, 连续搅拌 36小时后, 离心 过滤,用去离子水洗涤至中性,将所得的改性钠基蒙脱石^:液置于离心分 离设备中进行固液分离后, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 50%的改性钠基蒙脱石分 散体, 将其置于 115 干燥、 粉碎, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石 B-4。
该改性钠基蒙脱石 B-4的性能指标为: 1 )以 CaO计, Ca2+为 0.3%; 2 ) 重金属 < 5 ppm; 3 ) 以 Na20计, Na +为 3.1%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触变性 指数为 4.0; 5 ) CEC为 128 mmol/100g, 其 X-粉末衍射图讲参见图 4。 实施例 5 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-5的制备 1 )在提纯钠钙基蒙脱石中, 加入 3.0 mol/l的混合酸(其摩尔比组成为 盐酸: 乙酸为 10: 3 ), 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 3进行混合, 加入提纯 钠钙基蒙脱石重量 2%的六偏磷酸钠, 在 70 条件下继续搅拌 4小时; 得 1 次酸化分散液;将 1次酸化分散液置孔径为 80 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用 去离子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 7%的改性氢基蒙 粗品^ t 液;
2 )搅拌条件下, 在 1 )步制得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐酸 和乙酸, 使其含有 0.6 mol/L的盐酸与 0.2 mol/L的乙酸, 在 50 条件下搅 拌 2小时,得 2次酸化分散液,将 2次酸化分散液置孔径为 50 nm的膜透析 过滤设备中, 用去离子水洗涤至中性后, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的改性氢 基蒙脱石 液;
3 )在 2)步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石分散液中, 加入氢氧化钠, 使分散液 中的氢氧化钠浓度为 0.2 mol/l, 加热至 70 , 连续搅拌 36小时后, 置孔径 为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离子水洗涤至中性后,将所得的改性钠 基蒙脱石^ t液置于离心分离设备中,进行固液分离, 浓缩离心分离所得的 悬浮液,得含固量约为 6%的改性钠基蒙脱石分散体,再经喷雾干燥、粉碎, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石 B-5。
所得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-5的性能指标为: 1 )以 CaO计, Ca2 +为 0.4%; 2 )重金属 < 10 ppm; 3 ) 以 Na20计, Na+为 2.9%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触 变性指数 < 3.5; 5 ) CEC为 128 mmol/100g, 其 X-粉末衍射图潘参见图 5。 实施例 6 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-6的制备
1 )在提纯钙基蒙脱石中, 加入 0.6 mol/l的硫酸, 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量 比为 1: 3进行混合, 加入提纯钙基蒙脱石重量 1.5%的六偏磷酸钠, 加热至 70 *C , 继续搅拌 4小时, 得 1次酸化分散液; 将所得的 1次酸化液置于高速 离心机中, 进行固液分离, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 8%的氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液;
2 )搅拌条件下, 在 1 )步制得的氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入硫酸和乙 酸, 使其含有 0.2 mol/L的硫酸与 0.3 mol/L的乙酸, 在 50 H^下, 搅拌 2 小时, 得 2次酸化分散液; 离心过滤 2次酸化分散液, 用去离子水洗涤至中 性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 15%的提纯氢基蒙脱石^:液; 3 )在 2)步所得的提纯氢基蒙脱石分散液中加水, 使其成为含固量为 6 %的 液, 加入氢氧化钠, 使^ t液中的氢氧化钠浓度为 0.3 mol/l, 加热 至 70Ό , 连续搅拌 36小时后, 离心过滤, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 将其制 成含固量约为 2 %的改性钠基蒙 液, 置于离心分离设备中, 进行固 液分离, 将所得的悬浮液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中进行浓缩, 得含固量约为 4%的改性钠基蒙脱石分散体, 经喷雾干燥, 粉碎, 即得改性 钠基蒙脱石 B-6。
所得的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-6的性能指标为: 1 )以 CaO计, Ca2 +为 0.5%; 2 )重金属 < 10 ppm; 3 )以 Na20计, Na+为 2.7%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触 变性指数 < 3.5; 5 ) CEC为 130 mmol/100g, 其 X-粉末衍射图谱参见图 6。 实施例 7 改性蒙脱石 B-7的制备
1 )在提纯钙基蒙脱石中, 加入 2 moI/l的盐酸, 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量比 1: 3进行混合, 加入提纯钙基蒙脱石重量 2%的六偏磷酸钠, 加热至 70*C, 继续搅拌 4小时,得 1次酸化分散液;将 1次酸化分散液置孔径为 50 nm的 膜透析过滤设备中, 用去离子水洗涤至中性, 配成含固量约为 5%的改性氢 基蒙脱石粗品分散液;
2 )在搅拌条件下, 在 1 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐 酸, 使其含有 1.5 mol/L盐酸, 在 60*€条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 得 2次酸化分 散液;将 2次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离子 水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液;
3 )在搅拌条件下, 在 2 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入盐 酸, 使其含有 0.8 mol/L的盐酸, 在 50"C条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 得 3次酸化 分散液;将 3次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离 子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
4 )在搅拌条件下, 在 3 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入乙 酸, 使其含有 0.5 mol/L的乙酸, 在 50 条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 得 4次酸化 分散液;将 4次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离 子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
5 )在搅拌条件下, 在 4 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入乙 酸, 使其含有 0.4 mol/L的乙酸, 在
Figure imgf000023_0001
搅拌 2小时, 得 5次酸化 分散液;将 5次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离 子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
6 )在搅拌条件下, 在 5 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石粗品分散液中加入乙 酸, 使其含有 0.3 mol/L的乙酸, 在 50 条件下, 搅拌 2小时, 得 6次酸化 分散液;将 6次酸化分散液置于孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离 子水洗涤至中性, 浓缩, 得含固量约为 5%的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
7 )在 6 )步所得的提纯改性氢基蒙脱石分散液中, 加入氢氧化钠, 使 其含有 0.5 mol/l的氢氧化钠, 加热至 70*C , 连续搅拌 36小时后, 将其置于 孔径为 50 nm的膜透析过滤设备中,用去离子水洗涤至中性,得改性钠基蒙 脱石分散液; 将其置于离心分 设备中进行固液分离, 所得滤饼干燥后, 粉 碎, 即得改性蒙脱石 B-7。
所得改性钠基蒙脱石 B-7的性能指标为: 1 )以 CaO计, Ca2 +为 0.05%; 2 )重金属 < 5 ppm; 3 ) 以 Na20计, Na +为 3.65%; 4 )在人工胃液中的触 变性指数为 5.6; 5 ) CEC为 125 mmol/100g。 实施例 8 改性钠基蒙脱石 A的制备
在提纯钙基蒙脱石中, 加入 2 mol/L的混合酸(混合酸的摩尔比组成为 盐酸: 草酸: 乙酸为 4: 10: 6 ), 以蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 3进行混合, 在 ΙΟΟ 条件下, 热煮 5-6小时, 过滤除去混合酸, 滤饼用去离子水洗涤至 pH≥4, 在 100 干燥, 粉碎成 300-500目, 得改性氢基蒙脱石。
用 0.5N的盐酸溶液将所得的改性氢基蒙 ^配成含固量 20 %的料 浆, 搅拌 6h, 过滤除去酸溶液, 滤饼用 60X:热水洗涤至 PH约 5, 压滤成 含固量约 50 %的滤饼, 加入与阳离子交换容量相当的碳酸钠 (如改性钙基 蒙脱石用量的 4.5-5 % ), 搅拌钠化, 使其 PH为 7-8, 钠化 34 h, 在 120 Ό干 燥,粉碎成 300-500目, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石 A, 其 X-粉末衍射图谱参见图
实施例 9 改性钠基蒙脱石散剂的制备
改'] ±钠基蒙脱石 B-1 1000 g
葡萄糖 2500 g
制成 1000包 制备工艺:
取处方量的改性钠基蒙脱石与处方量的葡萄糖混匀, 按规格填充至铝 塑复合包装袋中, 即得改性钠基蒙^ δ散剂。 实施例 10 改性钠基蒙脱石颗粒剂的制备
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1 500 g
葡萄糖 800 g
10%的聚维酮 K-30溶液 500g
制成 1000包
制备工艺:
1 )取处方量的改性钠基蒙脱石与处方量的葡萄糖混匀, 制成干混合料;
2 )在 1 )步制得的干混合料中加入处方量的聚维酮 K-30溶液, 拌匀, 得软材;
3 )软材用 24目筛网制成湿颗粒, 在 60Π条件下烘干, 用 20目筛网整 粒, 得干颗粒;
4 )按规格将干颗粒填充到至铝塑复合包装袋中, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石 颗粒剂。 实施例 11 改性钠基蒙脱石胶嚢剂的制备
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1 1000 g
葡萄糖 200 g
10 %的聚维酮 K-30溶液 200 g
制成 1000包
制备工艺:
1 )取处方量的改性钠基蒙脱石与处方量的葡萄糖混匀, 制成干混合料;
2 )在干混合料中加入处方量的聚维酮 K-30溶液, 拌匀, 得软材;
3 )软材用 24目筛网制成湿颗粒, 在 601C条件下烘干, 用 20目筛网整 粒, 得干颗粒;
4 )按规格将干颗粒填充到至空心胶嚢中, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石胶嚢剂。 改性钠基蒙脱石肠溶胶嚢剂的制备 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1 500 g
葡萄糖 200 g
制成 1000粒
制备工艺:
1)取处方量的改性钠基蒙脱石与处方量的葡萄糖充分混匀, 制成干混合 料;
2)干混合料在 801C条件下干燥 2小时, 过 80目筛;
格将干粉末混合物填充到至肠溶空心胶嚢中, 即得改性钠基蒙脱 石肠溶胶嚢剂。 改性钠基蒙脱石凝胶剂的制备
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1 80 g
苯曱酸 0.1 g
纯化水 1200 g
制备方法:
1 )称取配方量的原料、 辅料;
2 )先将改性钠基蒙脱石加入纯水中, 搅拌均勾, 然后加入苯甲酸, 搅 拌均匀, 用剪切机剪切 15分钟, 得^^体。
3 )凝胶体经煮沸 15分钟灭菌后, 分装即得改性钠基蒙脱石凝胶剂。 实施例 14 改性钠基蒙脱石泡腾片的制备
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1 500 g
碳酸氢钠 150 g
柠檬酸 50 g
制成 1000片
制备方法:
取处方量的改性钠基蒙脱石与处方量的碳酸氢钠和柠檬酸, 充分混匀, ^^直接压片, 即得改性钠基蒙脱石泡腾片。 以下通过药效试验例来以验证本发明的改性钠基蒙脱石的治疗应用。试 验所用蒙脱石的理化性能参数参见表 2。
Figure imgf000027_0001
阳离子交换容量
110 89 128 130 135
( mmol/lOO )
吸着力 (g/g ) 0.45 0.31 0.46 0.45 0.55
粉红色半 类白色悬 类白色凝 肠液膨胀度 ( ml ) 7.0 12
态 浮液 胶态 粉红色悬 类白色悬 类白色凝 胃液膨胀度 ( ml ) 12.0 21
浮液 浮液 胶态
Ca2+% (以 CaO
2.5 0.1 2.8 0.18 0.04 计)
Na+% (以 Na20
0.1 2.6 0.02 3.8 3.6 计)
触变性指数 0 0.5 0.5 3 6 试验例 1 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对大鼠乙醇致胃粘膜损伤的保护作用
本实验根据 1993年 7月中华人民共和国卫生部药政局颁布的《新药(西 药)临床前研究指导原则汇编》胃粘膜急性损伤药效学所规定的一般要求进 行。
1、 实验方法
SD大鼠(上海西普尔-必凯实验动物有限公司, SCXK沪 2008-0016 ) 90只,体重 200 ~ 220 g,雌雄各半,分为 9组,每组 10只, 包括模型组(双 蒸水 1 ml/100g ),阳性组(硫糖铝 300 mg/kg ),天然钙基蒙脱石 ( 300 mg/k ) 组、 改性钙基蒙脱石 ( 300mg/kg )组、 天然钠基蒙脱石 ( 300 mg/kg )組、 改性钠基蒙脱石 A ( 300 mg/kg )组、 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1的低剂量組(75 mg/kg )、 中剂量组( 150mg/kg )和高剂量组( 300 mg/kg )。 各组灌胃给药, 给药体积 1 ml/100g。
大鼠灌胃给药一次后禁食 48 h (垫高笼底以防止其食粪), 期间每 24h 灌胃给药一次。 末次给药 15 min后, 灌胃无水乙醇(l ml/只)。 造模 1 h后 处死大鼠, 解剖取胃, 沿胃大弯剪开, 以 1 %甲醛溶液固定 10 min。 评价损 伤程度,损伤程度以溃疡指数表示,条索状损伤长度大于 1 mm测量其长度, 每 mm计 1分,若其宽度大于 1 mm者计分加倍。计分总数为该动物的溃疡 指数, 采用 t检验分析数据 1按下 溃疡 制乎:.
( 照组溃疡 给^组¾扬指数) — , 溃疡抑制率 = 对照组溃疡指数 X 1000/0
2、 实验结果
由表 3所示的实验结果得知, 大鼠空腹漼胃无水乙醇后,模型组动物胃 粘膜有严重损伤; 硫糖铝能明显地保护胃粘膜, 改善乙醇所致的损伤, 溃疡 抑制率达 54.5 % , 与模型组比较有极显著性差异( PO.01 ); 受试样品改性 钠基蒙脱石 B-1组也能有效地防止乙醇对胃粘膜的损伤, 75 mg/kg剂量组与 模型组比较, 有显著性差异( P<0.05 ), 150 mg/kg和 300 mg/k 剂量组与模 型组比较, 有极显著性差异( PO.01 ), 溃疡抑制率从 42.7 ~ 72.8 %, 保护效 果与给药剂量呈正相关。
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1组与药疏糖铝比较, 75 mg/kg剂量组溃疡抑制率低 于疏糖铝组, 150 mg/kg和 300 mg/k 剂量组的溃疡抑制率高于疏糖铝 , 且 300 mg/kg剂量组与硫糖铝组比较 P=0.079。 而钙基蒙脱石与模型组比较, 无显著性差异。
3、 实验结论
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1 组对乙醇导致的空腹大鼠胃粘膜损伤有明显的保 护作用, 且在剂量为 150 mg/kg和 300 mg/kg时, 溃疡抑制率均超过 70 % , 且对胃粘膜的保护作用略优于硫糖铝。 表 3 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对大鼠乙醇所致胃粘膜损伤的保护作用 ( ± s )
剂量 动物数 溃疡抑制率 分组 溃疡指数
( mg/k ) (只) ( % ) 模型组 1 ( ml/100 ) 10 110.3土 46.6 1
54.0土
¾ 铝 300 10 51.0
25.3
天然钙基蒙脱石 300 10 102.5 ± 28.8 6.8 改性钙基蒙脱石 300 10 98.3土 22.6 10.8 改性钠基蒙脱石 A 300 10 65.8 40.2 天然钠基蒙脱石 300 10 88.2 19.8
70 10 63.3 ± 33.5* 42.7
32 2土
改性钠基蒙脱石 150 10 ' ** 70.7
26.8
B-1
29.9士
300 10 **# 72.8
19.0 #
与模型组比较: * P<0.05, ** P<0.01; 与¾1铝比较: # P=0.079。 试验例 2 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对大鼠盐酸致胃粘膜损伤模型的保护作用 本试验根据 1993年 7月中华人民共和国卫生部药政局颁布的《新药(西 药)临床前研究指导原则汇编》胃粘膜急性损伤药效学所规定的一般要求进 行。
1、 实验方法
SD大鼠(上海西普尔-必凯实验动物有限公司, SCXK沪 2008-0016 ) 90只,体重 200 ~ 220 g,雌雄各半,分为 9组,每组 10只, 包括模型组(双 蒸水 1 ml/100g ),阳性组(硫糖铝 300 mg/kg ),天然钙基蒙脱石 ( 300 mg/k ) 组、 改性钙基蒙脱石 ( 300 mg/kg )组、 天然钠基蒙脱石 ( 300 mg/kg )组、 改性钠基蒙脱石 A ( 300 mg/kg )组、 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1的低剂量组(75 mg/kg )、 中剂量组(150 mg/kg )和高剂量组(300 mg/kg ), 灌胃给药, 给 药体积 1 ml/100g。
大鼠灌胃给药一次后禁食 48 h (垫高笼底以防止其食粪), 期间每 24 h 灌胃给药一次。 末次给药 15 min后, 以 0.6 mol/L盐酸'准胃 ( 1 ml/只)。 造 模 1小时后处死大鼠,解剖取胃,沿胃大弯剪开,以 1 %甲媵溶液固定 10 min。 评价损伤程度, 损伤程度以溃疡指数表示, 条索状损伤长度大于 1 mm测量 其长度, 每 mm计 1分, 若其宽度大于 1 mm者计分加倍。 计分总数为该动 物的溃疡指数, 采用 t检验會析数 按下式¾笄 *柙 率:
Ό一 (对照组 ¾指数-给¾£癀疡指&)
溃疡抑制率 = — 对照组溃疡指数— x l00%
2、 实验结果
见表 4。 表 4 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对大鼠盐酸致胃粘膜损伤模型的保护作用( 土 s )
剂量 动物数 溃疡抑制率 分组 溃疡指数
( mg/kg ) ( n ) ( % ) 模型组 1 ml/lOOg 10 48.0 ± 14.0 1
300 10 8.4士 5.0** 82.5 天然钙基蒙脱石 300 10 45.8 ± 3.5 4.5 改性钙基蒙脱石 300 10 42.6土 4.2 11.2 改性钠基蒙脱石 A 300 10 15.3 68.1 天然钠基蒙脱石 300 10 37.6 21.7
16.1 ± 8.3* #
75 10 # 66.5 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1
150 10 7.0土 3.3** 85.4
300 10 3.6土 3.2**# 92.5 与模型组比较: * P<0.05, ** P<0.01; 与膽铝比较: # Ρ<0·05, # #
Ρ<0.01„ 由表 4得知, 大鼠空腹灌胃 0.6 mol/L盐酸后, 模型组动物胃粘膜有严 重损伤, 溃疡指数超过 40以上; 硫糖铝能非常明显地保护胃粘膜, 改善盐 酸所致的损伤, 溃疡抑制率达 82.5 %, 与模型组比较有极显著性差异 ( P<0.01 ); 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1组也能有效地防止盐酸对胃粘膜的损伤, 75 mg/kg剂量组与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05 ), 150 mg/kg和 300 mg/k 剂量组与模型组比较有极显著性差异(PO.01 ), 保护效果与给药剂 量呈正相关。
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1与阳性药硫糖铝比较, 75 mg/k 剂量组溃疡指数极 显著高于硫糖铝组( P<0.01 ), 150 mg/kg和 300 mg/kg剂量組溃疡指数低于 硫糖铝组, 其中 300 mg/kg剂量组与硫糖铝组比较有显著性意义( Ρ<0·05 ). 3、 实验结论
改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对 0.6 mol/L盐酸导致的空腹大鼠胃粘膜损伤有明 显的保护作用, 在 150 mg/kg和 300 mg/k 剂量时, 溃疡抑制率均超过 80 %, 且其高剂量组对胃粘膜的保护作用优于硫糖铝和改性钠基蒙脱石组 A。 试验例 3 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1体外对幽门螺杆菌的生长抑制作用
1、 样品、 试剂与方法
1.1 样品
天然钙基蒙脱石、 天然钠基蒙脱石、 改性钙基蒙脱石、 改性钠基蒙脱石 A、 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1和生理水。
1.2 细菌来源和培养基
幽门螺杆菌(HP ) 的 NCTC11637株和 SS1株。 HP菌株革兰染色阴 性、 光学显微镜下显示为弧状或海鸥状杆菌, 快速尿素酶试验阳性。
采用含 7%抗凝羊血的哥伦比亚琼脂 (bioM 6 rieux )为培养基, 内含 10 mg/L万古霉素( Sigma )、 5 mg L TMP ( Sigma )和 5 mg/L两性霉素 B ( Sigma ). 在 75%N2、 12%C02, 8%02气体条件下 37^C培养 4-5天。
1.3 MIC的测定
采用二倍平 JUL稀释法,将天然钙基蒙脱石、 改性钙基蒙脱石和天然钠基 蒙脱石配制成终浓度均分别为 145 mg/ml、 72.5 mg/ml、 36.25 mg/mK 18.13 mg/mK 9.06 mg/mK 4.53 mg/ml的药物溶液, 将改性钠基蒙脱石 A和改性 钠基蒙脱石 B-1配制成终浓度分别为 80 mg/mK 40 mg/mK 20 mg/ml、 10 mg/mK 5 mg/ml、 2.5 mg/ml 的药物溶液。
采用麦氏比浊法, 将各 HP菌株新鲜培养物配制成 l x 108 /ml悬液, 各 取 0.1 ml与不同稀释度的各药物溶液混匀, 37"C孵育 30分钟, 其间不断混 匀。然后 2000转 /分钟离心 4分钟,各取 0.01 ml接种哥伦比亚血琼脂平板 上, 在 85%N2、 10%CO2、 5%02气体条件下 37*C培养 4-5天后观察结果。 实验中同时设置不同稀释度的各药物溶液与菌液混合和孵育但不离心的直 接接种对照、以及不加任何药物但同样混合和孵育及离心后取上清接种的正 常 HP对照。
2、 结果
不同稀释度各药物溶液与菌液混合、孵育后直接接种以及各正常 HP对 照均见细菌生长。 各样品与菌液混合、 孵育、 离心后取上清接种对 HP生长 影响有较大差异: 浓度为 145 mg/ml 的天然钙基蒙脱石能抑制 HP NCTC11637、 SSI株生长, 其 MIC綱为 145 mg/ml; 浓度为 145 mg/ml的 改性钙基蒙脱石能抑制 HP NCTC11637, SSI 株生长, 其 MIC1(M)为 123 mg/ml; 浓度为 72.5 mg/ml的天然钠基蒙脱石能抑制 HP NCTC11637、 SSI 株生长, 其 MIC綱为 72.5 mg/ml; 浓度不低于 20 mg/ml的改性钠基蒙脱石 A均能抑制 HP NCTC11637、 SSI株生长, 其 MIC1(M)为 20 mg/ml; 浓度不 低于 2.5 mg/ml的改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1均能抑制 HP NCTC11637、 SSI株生 长, 其 MIC辦为 2.5 mg/ml。 结果见表 5。 表 5 蒙脱石体外对幽门螺杆菌的生长抑制作用
MIC (mg/ml)
MIC范围 MIC
HP NCTC11637 145 145 天然钙基蒙脱石
HP SS1 145 145
HP NCTC11637 123 123 改性钙基蒙脱石
HP SS1 123 123
HP NCTC11637 72.5-145 72.5 天然钠基蒙脱石
HP SSI 72.5-145 72.5
HP NCTC11637 20-50 20 改性钠基蒙脱石 A
HP SSI 20-50 20
HP NCTC11637 2.5-50 2.5 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1
HP SSI 2.5-50 2.5
HP NCTC11637 / 1 生理水 *
HP SSI 1 1
I: 表示没有。 由表 5得知, 与天然钠基蒙^、 天然钙基蒙脱石、 改性钠基蒙脱石 A 和改性钙基蒙脱石相比,改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对幽门螺杆菌具有非常优异的 抑制效果, 并存在显著差异。
3、 结论
与菌液混合、 孵育、 离心取上清接种后, 天然钙基蒙脱石、 改性钙基蒙 脱石与天然钠基蒙脱石能抑制 HP NCTC11637、 SSI株生长, 其 MIC廳分 别为 145 mg/ml、 123 mg/ml和 72.5 mg/ml; 改性钠基蒙脱石 A与改性钠基 蒙脱石 B-1能显著抑制 HP NCTC11637. SSI株生长, 其 Mi 。。和 MIC90 分别为 20 mg/ml与 2.5 mg/ml;但是,生理水对各 HP菌株无生长抑制的作 用。 试验例 4 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1对慢性萎缩性胃炎的逆转治疗作用
采用健康、性成熟的 8周龄雄性 SD大鼠(浙江省实验动物中心, SCXK 浙 2003-0001 ) 80只, 平均体重 250g土 50g, 釆用架式笼养, 饲养温度 24土 2 , 湿度 55 ± 5%, 光照每 12小时明暗交替, 用混合饲料喂养。
综合采用 60 %酒精、 20 mmol/1去氧胆酸钠和 0.1 %氨水处理 24周, 按 照拟氏建模法建立 CAG模型。 即每日灌胃 20 mmol/l去氧胆酸钠, 其中每 周二、 五空腹灌胃(每周一、 四晚 9时取走饲料, 次日清晨 9时开始空腹灌 胃), 剂量如下: 大鼠体重<200 8, 每次灌胃 l mL; 大鼠体重 200 ~ 250 g, 每次灌胃 1.5 mL; 大鼠体重>25(^, 每次灌胃 2 mL。 60 %酒精每周二、 五 空腹灌胃, 空腹 Η^和剂量同去氧胆酸钠; 而自由饮用 0.1 %氨水, 并记录 每曰饮量。 常规饲养 24周宰杀。
80只 SD大鼠分为 8组, 每组 10只, 分别设置为模型组、 生理盐水组 (安慰剂对照组)、 硫糖铝组、 天然钙基蒙脱石组、 改性钙基蒙脱石组、 天 然钠基蒙脱石组、 改性钠基蒙脱石 Α组和改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1组。 模型组, 即鼠 CAG成模后, 常规饲养至第 24周末宰杀; 生理盐水组, 即鼠 CAG成 模后, 停止刺激并予生理盐水, 每日灌胃一次, 至第 28周末宰杀; 硫糖铝 组, 即鼠 CAG成模后, 停止刺激并予硫糖铝悬浊液 (100 mg/mL)灌胃, 大 鼠体重 <200g, 每次灌胃 1 mL/只 /次, 体重 200-250 的大鼠给药 1.5 ml/只 / 次, 大鼠体重>250§的大鼠, 给药 2 ml/只 /次; 天然钙基蒙脱石组、 改性钙 基蒙脱石组、 天然钠基蒙脱石、 改性蒙脱石 A组、 改性蒙脱石 B组, 即鼠 CAG成模后, 停止刺激并分别予改性钠基蒙脱石 A、 天然钙基蒙脱石组、 天然钠基蒙脱石悬浊液 (100 mg/mL)灌胃,大鼠体重<200 每次灌胃 1 mL/ 只 /次, 体重 200-250 g的大鼠给药 1.5 ml/只 /次, 大鼠体重>25(^的大鼠, 给 药 2 ml/只 /次;改性蒙脱石 B1组,给药方案同¾#铝组,即鼠 CAG成模后, 停止刺激并每日灌胃给予改性蒙脱石 B1 的悬浊液 (50 mg/mL), 大鼠体重 <200g, 每次灌胃 1 mL/只 /次; 体重 200-250g的大鼠给药 1.5 ml/只 /次; 大 鼠体重 >250g的大鼠, 给药 2 ml/只 /次, 至第 28周末宰杀。
在禁食不禁水 24小时后,予 1%戊巴比妥 O mg/kg )腹腔麻醉固定后, 立即剖腹暴露全胃,在距贲门和幽门 1.5cm处离断取出全胃,沿胃大弯剪开, 冰生理盐水冲洗, 滤纸吸干后铺开; 取胃窦部的 1/2用载玻片刮取胃粘膜, 液氮冷冻, 保存。 余胃粘膜标本用 10 %中性甲醛液固定, 沿大弯侧条 状取材, 常规脱水, 石蜡包埋, 5 μ ιη厚度连续切片, 拷至已用多聚 -L-赖氨 酸防脱片处理的栽玻片上, 进行苏木素 -伊红(HE )染色。 采用半定量法观 察实验各组胃粘膜炎症情况,在低倍镜下观察整个胃粘膜,每片在胃窦部和 胃体部分别观察 10个视野,参照 1994年在美国休斯顿提出的胃炎诊断标准, 将炎细胞浸润的程度分为 0、 0.5、 1.0、 1.5、 2.0、 2.5、 3.0七个级别, 用以 上方法分别记录 10个视野的炎症情况, 平均以后得到每只大鼠胃体部和胃 窦部的炎症指数。
试验结果采用完全随机设计资料的方差分析方法( One-Way ANOVA ) 进行分析, 应用 SPSS11.0统计软件协助统计。 结果见图 11, 可见, 在大鼠 胃窦部粘膜炎症指数方面, 蒙脱石治疗组显著轻于 CAG模型对照組和安慰 剂组; 改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1组与改性钠基蒙脱石 A组显著轻于硫糖铝治疗 组( PO.05 ),且改性钠基蒙脱石 B-1组优于改性钠基蒙脱石 A组( P<0.05 ), 且非常显著高于天然蒙脱石组(P<0.01 )。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1. 一种改性钠基蒙脱石, 其特征在于, 以 Na20计, 所述改性钠基 蒙脱石中的 Na+不低于 2.0 % , 优选不低于 3 %, 更优选不低于 4 %, 最优选 不低于 5%。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 以 CaO计, 所述改性钠 基蒙脱石中的 Ca2+不超过 1.0 %, 优选不超过 0.5 %, 更优选不超过 0.1 %, 最优选不超过 0.05%。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石 X- 衍射图谱中的€1002峰值对应的 d值为 5.50A-7.00A, 优选为 5.75A -6.75A, 更优选为 6.00A-6.5A, 最优选为 6.25A。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石的纯 度不低于 97 %, 优选不低于 98 %, 更优选不低于 99 % , 最优选不低于 99.5 %。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 所述改性钠基蒙脱石中的 触变性指数不低于 1, 优选不低于 2, 更优选不低于 3, 最优选不低于 4。
6. 根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 所述改性钠基 蒙脱石的膨胀度不小于 7.0 ml/g, 优选不小于 9.0 ml/g, 更优选不小于 10.0 ml/g, 最优选不小于 12.0 ml/g。
7. 根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 所述改性钠基 蒙脱石对硫酸士的宁的吸附量为 0.30-0.75 g, 优选为 0.40-0.70 g, 更优选为 0.45-0.65 g, 最优选为 0.50-0.60 g。
8. 根据权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石, 所述改性钠基 蒙脱石中的重金属含量不超过 10 ppm,优选不超过 7 ppm,更优选不超过 5 ppm, 最优选不超过 3_4 ppm。
9. 一种制备权利要求 1-8任一项所述改性钠基蒙脱石的方法,包括 以下步骤:
1 )将纯度不低于 90 %的蒙脱石与 0.1-10 mol/L的一种酸按照蒙脱石: 酸的质量比为 1: 1-100混合, 加入蒙脱石重量 0.05-3.5%的分散剂, 热煮, 除去酸, 洗涤, 得改性氢基蒙脱石分散液;
2 )将 1 )步所得的改性氢基蒙脱石分散液的含固量控制在 0.5-10 %, 加 入不低于蒙脱石阳离子交换容量的钠化剂以使其中的蒙脱石钠化。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法,其中所述蒙脱石的纯度不低于 93 %, 优选不低于 95%, 更优选不低于 97 %。
11. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法,所述分散剂选自六偏磷酸钠、三偏 磷酸钠、 重偏磷酸钠、 聚丙烯酸钠、氨水、 焦磷酸钠、 多聚磷酸纳、 丙烯酸、 丙烯酸钠、 硅酸钠、 磷酸三钠、 氢氧化钠、 碳酸钠、 碳酸氢钠、 羧甲基纤维 素钠、 柠檬酸钠、 Na2HP04、 NaH2P04、 NaCl、 NaF、 硫酸钠、 硅溶胶、 尿 素、 聚山梨酸酯、 盐酸、 乙酸和草酸中的任一种或其组合, 优选为六偏磷酸 钠、 焦磷酸钠、 多聚磷酸钠、 三偏磷酸钠、 重偏磷酸钠、 聚丙烯酸钠、 磷酸 三钠、柠檬酸钠、 Na2HP04、 NaCl、 NaF、尿素、 NaH2P04、 氨水、硫酸钠、 盐酸、 乙酸和草酸中的任一种或其组合。
12. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法,所述分散剂的用量为蒙脱石用量的 0.05-3.0%, 优选为 0.15-2.5%, 更优选为 0.25-2.0%, 最优选为 0.35-1.5 %。
13. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 2 )步所述改性氢基蒙脱石分散液 的含固量为 1-9%, 优选为 2-8 %, 更优选为 3-6 %, 最优选为 4-5 %。
14. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法,所述钠化剂的用量比蒙脱石阳离子 交换容量过量 0.5-10%, 优选过量 1-8 %, 更优选过量 2-6 % , 最优选过量 3-5 %。
15. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 还包括对所述钠化的料浆进行洗 涤、 浓缩。
16. 一种制备纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的方法, 包括: 将权利要求 1-8任 一项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石配制成含固量 0.5-60 %的水溶液, 置于合适设备 中进行高速剪切分散、 均质后, 干燥, 粉碎。
17. 一种纳米改性钠基蒙脱石, 其由权利要求 16所述的方法制备得 到。
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的纳米改性钠基蒙脱石, 其粒径不大于 1 μ ηι, 优选不大于 0.8 μ ιη, 更优选不大于 0.6 μ ιη, 另优选不大于 0.4 μ πι, 最优选不大于 0.2 μ ιη。
19. 一种用于治疗消化道疾患的药物组合物,由权利要求 1-8中任一 项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石或权利要求 17或 18所述的纳米改性钠基蒙脱石和 药学上可接受的载体组成。
20. 根据权利要求 19所述的药物组合物, 所述的消化道疾患选自消 化道溃疡、腹泻或胃炎, 优选所述的胃炎为慢性胃炎, 更优选为慢性萎缩性 胃炎。
21. 权利要求 1-8中任一项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石或权利要求 17或 18所述的纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的用途, 用于制备药物。
22. 根据权利要求 21所述的用途,用于制备预防和 /或治疗消化道疾 患的药物0
23. 根据权利要求 22所述的用途, 所述消化道疾患为胃炎或急慢性 腹泻性疾患。
24. 根据权利要求 22所述的用途, 用于制备生物粘附型的枸橼酸铋 钾制剂。
25. 根据权利要求 21所述的用途,用于制备预防和 /或治疗甲状腺功 能亢进、 慢性肾功能衰竭、 口腔异味、 皮肤病、 幽门螺杆菌感染所致的胃肠 道疾患、 乙醇所致的肝损伤的药物。
26. 权利要求 1-8中任一项所述的改性钠基蒙脱石或权利要求 17或 18 所述的纳米改性钠基蒙脱石的用途, 用于制备建筑材料、 农药化肥的载体、 饲料添加剂、 饲料解毒剂、 工业用催化剂、 工业用栽体、 吸附剂、 医药辅料 或食用辅料。
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US20120003328A1 (en) 2012-01-05
EP2380850A4 (en) 2012-06-13
KR20110114618A (ko) 2011-10-19
US9095542B2 (en) 2015-08-04
EP2380850A1 (en) 2011-10-26
JP5718252B2 (ja) 2015-05-13
JP2012514571A (ja) 2012-06-28
KR101295204B1 (ko) 2013-08-09
EP2380850B1 (en) 2016-10-19

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