WO2010135993A1 - 训练用户移动手的康复系统 - Google Patents

训练用户移动手的康复系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010135993A1
WO2010135993A1 PCT/CN2010/073267 CN2010073267W WO2010135993A1 WO 2010135993 A1 WO2010135993 A1 WO 2010135993A1 CN 2010073267 W CN2010073267 W CN 2010073267W WO 2010135993 A1 WO2010135993 A1 WO 2010135993A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
finger
motor
proximal
assembly
virtual center
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2010/073267
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汤启宇
何思杰
陈大为
陈默
周宏甫
彭民杰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
Original Assignee
Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU filed Critical Hong Kong Polytechnic University HKPU
Priority to EP10780074.0A priority Critical patent/EP2436358B1/en
Publication of WO2010135993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010135993A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Program-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/0006Exoskeletons, i.e. resembling a human figure
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    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0274Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the upper limbs
    • A61H1/0285Hand
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    • A61H1/00Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
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    • A63B21/00181Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices comprising additional means assisting the user to overcome part of the resisting force, i.e. assisted-active exercising
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    • A61H2201/00Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
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    • A61H2201/1253Driving means driven by a human being, e.g. hand driven
    • A61H2201/1261Driving means driven by a human being, e.g. hand driven combined with active exercising of the patient
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wearable power assisting device that assists a user in moving a hand and a rehabilitation system that trains a user to move the hand.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is directed to the defect in the prior art that the heat and moisture transfer process of the fabric material of the garment is lacking, and a simulation system for the wet heat transfer of the fabric is provided.
  • the present invention provides a rehabilitation system for training the movement of a user's hand, the system comprising:
  • a proximal follower assembly for a metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and having a proximal rail operatively coupled to the motor, for a proximal finger (PIP) joint and having an operatively coupled to the proximal follower
  • MCP metacarpophalangeal
  • PIP proximal finger
  • the knuckle joint of the proximal rail corresponds to the first virtual center
  • the knuckle indicator of the intermediate rail corresponds to the second virtual center.
  • the knuckle indicator Alignment to the virtual center may enable movement of the finger to be controlled when the proximal follower assembly and the intermediate follower assembly are activated by the motor, and the axis of rotation of the finger may be maintained around each virtual center.
  • Each finger assembly can include a distal assembly for a distally directed (DIP) joint having a distal rail, an articulation indicator of the distal rail Corresponds to a third virtual center.
  • DIP distally directed
  • the third virtual center may be located on the MCP joint, the second virtual center may be located on the PIP joint, and the third virtual center may be located on the DIP joint.
  • Five finger assemblies are operatively coupled to the platform by five finger assembly sockets provided on the platform.
  • Each finger assembly can include a proximal support pad, an intermediate support pad, and a distal support pad for supporting the fingers.
  • the finger assembly socket, the intermediate rail, the proximal follower assembly, the intermediate follower assembly and the proximal support pad, and the intermediate support pad may be connected by an engagement slot system.
  • the intermediate follower assembly has an adjustable link.
  • An adjustable link and engagement slot system at the proximal follower assembly and the intermediate rail may correspond to The alignment of the knuckle indicator to the second virtual center.
  • the position of the virtual center is adjustable to accommodate different finger lengths, and by moving the position of the finger assembly in the finger assembly socket, the first virtual center can be adjusted to be aligned with the center of the MCP joint;
  • the adjustable link and the support lock in the docking slot system can adjust the second virtual center to The center of the PIP joint is aligned.
  • the proximal support pad and the intermediate support pad each may have a ring through which the finger is received, the position of the ring being adjustable to align with the MCP joint and the PIP joint to ensure that the proximal and intermediate following components When activated by the motor, the axis of rotation of the finger is maintained around each virtual center.
  • the ring can be removed from the engagement slot system.
  • the system can further include a sensor coupled to the finger assembly for measuring a feedback force applied by the finger and a bending position of the finger.
  • the system can further include a hand calibration software module for automatically determining a range of motion when the hand performs the opening and grabbing functions.
  • the system can further include a motor control software module for automatically adjusting all of the motor speeds so that the movement of the fingers is both started and stopped.
  • the system may further include an adaptive motor speed adjustment module for automatically adjusting the speed of each motor to accommodate a change in speed due to an external force applied by the finger during training, thereby simultaneously starting in the next finger movement And complete the exercise.
  • an adaptive motor speed adjustment module for automatically adjusting the speed of each motor to accommodate a change in speed due to an external force applied by the finger during training, thereby simultaneously starting in the next finger movement And complete the exercise.
  • the motor can be a linear motion motor.
  • the present invention also provides a method for modifying a rehabilitation device to accommodate a user's hand, the method comprising:
  • the knuckle indicator is to be Aligning to the virtual center enables movement of the finger when the proximal follower assembly and the intermediate follower assembly are activated by the motor, and the axis of rotation of the finger can be maintained around each virtual center.
  • the present invention provides a finger assembly for training a movement of a user's hand, the finger assembly being operatively coupled to a platform, the finger assembly comprising:
  • a proximal follower assembly for a metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint having a proximal rail operatively coupled to the motor;
  • An intermediate follower assembly for a proximal finger (PIP) joint having an intermediate rail operatively coupled to the proximal follower assembly;
  • the knuckle indicator of the proximal rail corresponds to a first virtual center
  • the knuckle indicator of the middle rail corresponds to the second virtual center
  • the knuckle indicator is aligned to the virtual center so that the movement of the finger is controlled when the proximal follower assembly and the intermediate follower assembly are activated by the motor, and the axis of rotation of the finger is maintained around each virtual center.
  • the motor can be a linear motion motor.
  • the present invention provides a method of adjusting the speed of a motor in a rehabilitation device for training a user's hand, each motor for moving a finger along a predetermined trajectory, the method comprising:
  • the hand calibration software module measures the range of motion of each finger based on the feedback force applied by each finger;
  • the control software module adjusts the speed of each motor after the test run
  • control software module calculates respective speeds of each motor to move the finger between the maximum hand open position and the maximum hand closed position such that all fingers simultaneously complete the preset motion trajectory
  • the control software module records the time at which each trial run completes a predetermined trajectory, and if the time is not equal to the predetermined time period, adjusts the speed of all of the motors for the next trial run.
  • the speed of the motor can be adjusted for each trial run according to changes in the external force applied by the user's fingers.
  • the present invention provides a method of training a user's hand movement using a rehabilitation device, the method comprising:
  • the user interface Presenting a user interface to the user, the user interface displaying a set of target sliders that require the user to track with their fingers;
  • the target slider moves from 0% to 100% within a preset amount of time.
  • the position of the finger can be represented by a control slider.
  • the rehabilitation system is a wearable power assist device for assisting the movement of a user's hand.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a rehabilitation device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view and a front view of the apparatus of Figure 1 when worn;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the apparatus of Figure 1 showing the positioning of the virtual center when the hand is in the open position and the closed position;
  • Figure 4 is a top and bottom view of the hand showing the position of the electrodes for detecting the EMG signal at the abductor hallucis muscle (APB) and the extensor digitorum (ED) before wearing the device of Figure 1;
  • APB abductor hallucis muscle
  • ED extensor digitorum
  • Figure 5 is a top and bottom view of the hand showing the position of the electrodes for detecting the EMG signal at the thumb abductor and extensor muscles when wearing the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a side view showing the action of the link system of the finger assembly when the motor of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 is pushed forward, showing that the two joints move simultaneously during the flexion and extension movement;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a first step of adjusting the finger assembly
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view of the second step of adjusting the finger assembly
  • Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the third step of adjusting the finger assembly.
  • Figure 10 is a side elevational view of the finger assembly in an open position
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the finger assembly in a semi-closed position
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of the finger assembly
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of the finger assembly attached to the fixed platform of the apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 14 is a bottom view of the device of Figure 1 when worn to show the wristband and platform;
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view showing the engagement slot system of the finger assembly
  • Figure 16 is a flow chart of a method for automatically measuring the range of motion of all fingers using force feedback
  • Figure 17 is a screenshot of a software calibration procedure for automatic hand size calibration
  • Figure 18 is a flow chart for controlling and automatically adjusting the speed of all motors to cause the finger to move while ending;
  • Figure 19 is a flow chart of a method of controlling the apparatus shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 20 is a set of graphs showing the recorded EMG signals from the ED muscle to the APB muscle and the position of the thumb and forefinger when the device of Figure 1 is in the voluntary mode;
  • Figure 21 is a diagram taken from a training software program that provides visual feedback to guide the user during different types of training tasks.
  • the rehabilitation device 10 is driven by the electromyographic activity (EMG) of the user's affected limb and is thus interactively controlled by the user.
  • Suitable users include the elderly, upper extremity dyskinesias, and stroke patients.
  • the EMG signal obtained from the muscle of the limb corresponds to the user's intention and is capable of controlling the assisted motion provided by the device 10. This allows the user to actively participate in the exercise re-learning exercise, in contrast to the previous system can only provide passive training.
  • the device 10 focuses on upper limb training by maneuvering and mechanically assisting the movement of the user's fingers. Movement includes basic hand functions such as palm grip, squatting and hand opening.
  • the device 10 is constructed using a modular design and is compact in size. Go to Figure 14, five finger assembly 71 through the finger assembly socket 23 and fastening screw 70 are operatively coupled to a fixed platform 24.
  • the platform 24 can accommodate different palm sizes and only requires a slight adjustment such as by tightening or relaxing the wristband 140 and the palm strap 141.
  • the platform 24 can change its shape and the position of the finger assembly receptacle 23 depending on the different hand function tasks.
  • Device 10 allows both the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and the proximal finger (PIP) joint to have a controlled uniform angular velocity over a range.
  • MCP metacarpophalangeal
  • PIP proximal finger
  • the finger assembly 71 is driven linearly.
  • the motor rear post 11 connects the motor of the finger assembly 71 to the platform 24.
  • Each motor 12 is connected to The proximal position of the MCP joint follows the component 13.
  • the motor 12 can be a 50 mm class linear motion motor.
  • the proximity following component 13 is connected to The middle of the PIP joint follows the component 16.
  • the intermediate follower assembly 16 is part of the connection assembly 120.
  • a third component is installed to provide motorized power to a distal finger (DIP) joint that performs fingertip motion.
  • DIP distal finger
  • the proximal follower assembly 13 has a proximal rail 14.
  • the proximal rail 14 has a range of rotation, such as 55°.
  • Proximate follower component 13 The knuckle indicator 22 identifies the location of the first virtual center 30.
  • the intermediate follower assembly 16 has an intermediate rail 17.
  • the intermediate rail 17 has a range of rotation, for example 65°.
  • the knuckle indicator 25 of the intermediate follower assembly 16 identifies the position of the second virtual center 31.
  • the knuckle indicators 22, 25 serve as visual reference points for the user to align their respective joints to the knuckle indicators 22, 25 of the device 10.
  • the bearings 32, 33 allow the follower assemblies 13, 16 to follow the path of the rails 14, 17, for example, when the proximal rail 14 is moved to At the 0° position, the intermediate rail 17 follows and moves to the 0° position.
  • the intermediate rail 17 follows and moves to a maximum range of 65°, and the components 13, 16 create a proportional relationship between the proximal and intermediate rails 14, 17.
  • the angular magnification linkage system converts the angular motion of the intermediate follower assembly 16 into a proportional relationship with the angular motion produced by the proximal follower assembly 13.
  • aligning the knuckle indicators 22, 25 to the virtual centers 30, 31 can control the movement of the fingers and maintain the axis of rotation of the fingers around each of the virtual centers 30, 31. to make sure The knuckle indicators 22, 25 are in the correct position and the finger assembly socket 23 is provided with an engagement slot system.
  • the inner docking slot system 21 is located on the proximal follower assembly 13 for engaging the intermediate rail 17 to align the intermediate rail 17 to the second virtual center 31. As the distance between the proximal rail 14 and the intermediate rail 17 changes, the properly aligned connecting assembly 120 can be adjusted to its initial position by rotating the adjustable link 15. Its range of motion is stored.
  • the intermediate follower assembly 16 has an engagement slot system 18 that provides adjustability for the intermediate support pad 20 to align with the proximal interphalangeal joint of the finger.
  • FIG 12 an exploded view of the finger assembly 71 is depicted.
  • the longitudinal motion of the motor 12 translates into angular/rotational motion and results in relative movement of the intermediate follower assembly 16, which follows the virtual center 30 path of the intermediate rail 17 in motion of the proximal follower assembly 13.
  • One end 123 of the adjustable link 15 is coupled to the proximal rail 14 and the other end 124 is coupled to the intermediate follower assembly 16.
  • the rotation of the intermediate rail 17 pulls the connecting end of the intermediate follower assembly 16 toward the proximal rail 14, which rotates through its own axis on the intermediate rail 17.
  • the adjustable link 15 connects the intermediate follower assembly 16 to the connection assembly 120.
  • Sensor 26 is mounted to intermediate follower assembly 16.
  • Sensor 26 obtains a force feedback signal.
  • the second sensor 26 is secured to the proximal follower assembly 13 for simultaneously acquiring force feedback signals from both the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and the proximal (PIP) joint.
  • each device 10 has, for example, five sets of identical finger assemblies 71. This ensures fast and cost-effective manufacturing because there is no need to produce five different sets of finger components.
  • the attachment of the finger assembly 71 to the fixed platform 24 is also as fast as described in FIG.
  • the finger assembly 71 slides into the finger assembly receptacle 23 of the fixed platform 24, the bolts are secured through holes in the proximal follower assembly 13, and the motor 12 pivots them together.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown the position of the electrode for detecting EMG signals from the muscles of the affected limb.
  • the electrodes 40, 41 are placed on the thumb abductor muscle (APB) and the finger extension (ED) muscle.
  • the reference electrode 42 is also placed on the limb.
  • the fingers are supported within the loops 121, 122 of the finger assembly 71.
  • Rings 121, 122 are connected to the proximal and intermediate support pads 19, 20, respectively.
  • two different sized rings 121, 122 are provided.
  • the fingers supported within the rings 121, 122 will also be moved.
  • the docking slot system is used in the finger assembly receptacle 23, the intermediate rail 17, the proximal and intermediate following components 13, 16 and the proximal and intermediate support pads 19, 20 On.
  • This engagement slot system allows the device 10 to be longitudinally adjusted along the length of the fingers of different lengths.
  • the device 10 is equipped with a software program for automatic hand calibration to measure the range of motion and motor control of the opponent's opening and grabbing functions.
  • Each finger or thumb of hand 57 can have a different range of motion between hand opening and hand grasping. All fingers and thumbs are synchronized from 0% (maximum hand closed position 95) to 100% (maximum hand open position 96) using standard percentages for all ranges of motion.
  • the software program automatically determines the range of motion of each finger or thumb. By detecting the finger during rest (resting The force feedback during the movement of the stage, identifying the maximum hand open position 96 and the maximum hand closed position 95, can determine the range of motion 56. The closing and opening thresholds of the force feedback are then used to identify the maximum hand opening and closing positions 96, 95, for example, from 1N to 50N. After the maximum position is identified, the software synchronizes the movement of all fingers and thumbs from the maximum hand open position 96 to the maximum hand closed position 95.
  • each motor 12 has a different speed relative to the other motor so that the movement of all fingers and thumbs simultaneously begins and ends.
  • a typical trial run time is approximately 3 to 10 seconds, which is the time when a stroke patient exercises their fingers from the maximum closed position 95 to the maximum open position 96 during a daily activity task, and the direction of movement can be reversed.
  • the automatic hand calibration module measures the range of motion 56 of the finger and thumb of the motor 12 moving hand 57.
  • the measurement begins at setup step 41, where all motor positions are set to the middle of the motor range.
  • the motor range is a range between the maximum motor position 97 and the minimum motor position 98.
  • the maximum motor position 97 and the minimum motor position 98 are determined by the range of motion of the finger assembly 71.
  • steps 42 through 46 are required.
  • steps 48 through 52 are performed.
  • all motors are moved (42) to the maximum motor position 97 of each finger (43). If the force feedback of the finger is greater than the closing threshold (44), the corresponding motor is stopped and the data for the maximum hand closed position 95 is recorded (46). If the force feedback of the finger is less than the closing threshold, the corresponding motor continues to move (45) until the maximum motor position 97 is reached. If the respective motor reaches the maximum motor position 97, this position is recorded (46) as the maximum hand closed position 95 of the corresponding finger data. The software waits until all motors are stopped (47).
  • the motor control program enables control of all motors to start and end simultaneously by adaptively adjusting the speed of the motor itself.
  • Figure 16 shows that the range of finger motion data for all hands from the automatic hand calibration module is received (60).
  • the commissioning time is available from the user (61).
  • All motors are initialized using the initial opening speed (72) and closing speed (62) under no load conditions based on the commissioning time and the range of motion of each finger obtained.
  • the speed of the motor can be driven by a voltage or a different one. / Off mode to adjust. Therefore, if there is no external force applied by the user's finger, all the motors move at a determined speed, and the entire movement is completed while all the fingers start and end the movement.
  • all of the motors are activated (63, 73) and moved toward the hand closing direction 63 or the hand opening direction 73. This is done for each finger and thumb (65, 75).
  • the motor reaches (66, 76) the maximum hand closed position 95 or the maximum hand open position 96, the motor is stopped and the time required for all motors to complete the movement is recorded (67, 77).
  • the software waits until all motors are stopped (68, 78). Since the condition of the hand of a stroke patient is affected by the rigidity or contracture during training, the external force from the user's hand affects the force applied to the motor. External forces increase or decrease the speed and thus the completion time. External forces also change during the training process, requiring an adaptive speed algorithm that can be self-regulating.
  • the speed of the next test run of the corresponding motor will decrease (71, 81). If the detected completion time of any of the motors is longer than the configured commissioning time, the speed of the next trial run of the corresponding motor should be increased (70, 80). In the next training run, a new set of motor speeds is used to control all of the motors so that all of the motors start and end at the same time as the hand opening and hand closing functions are performed.
  • the available control modes are: passive mode (83), trigger mode (84), and active mode (85). If passive mode (83) is selected, the motor is started (87) and the preset trajectory is completed without any input. If the trigger mode (84) is selected, the detected real-time EMG level and the predetermined threshold are compared (86). If the EMG level is above the threshold, the motor is started (87) and the preset trajectory is completed. If active mode (85) is selected, the test run time limit is monitored (88) to detect if it has reached the limit. If the time limit has not been reached, the detected real-time EMG level will be compared to a predetermined threshold (89).
  • the motor is started (90). If the EMG level is below the threshold, the motor does not start (91). If the motor has been started (90) but does not reach (92) the maximum hand open or closed position 95, 96, continue to monitor (88) the run time limit.
  • a chart 201 shows an EMG signal record taken from the ED muscle.
  • Another chart 202 shows the APB muscles when tracking tasks in active mode.
  • the third chart 203 describes the position of the thumb p1 when the task is tracked in the active mode.
  • the fourth chart 204 depicts the position of the index finger p2 when the task is tracked in the active mode.
  • the solid lines in the graphs 203, 204 indicate the actual position of the finger.
  • the dotted line indicates the target position.
  • the motor 89 is activated. If the detected EMG signal from the user ED is below the threshold, the motor does not start.
  • a hand closed run if the detected EMG signal from the user APB is above threshold 89, the motor is activated. If the detected EMG signal from the user APB is below the threshold, the motor does not start.
  • the actual motor position detected is recorded and displayed on the solid line of the chart. A comparison of the tracking data of the actual finger position (solid line) with the preset trajectory (dashed line) indicates the condition of the user's hand opening and closing functions.
  • the training software provides visual feedback in different types of training tasks to guide the user.
  • This software also actively trains users and evaluates them according to the training system.
  • the figure shows the position of each finger in the finger tracking task.
  • the target slider 210 moves from 0% to 100% of each finger motion range within t seconds of the configured runtime 61. After waiting for 3 seconds, for example, they return from 0% to 0% and also experience t seconds of pre-configured runtime. operation hours t
  • the second is an adjustable time value that can be set in the training software.
  • the target slider 210 moves, the user's finger must follow the movement of the target slider 210 as much as possible.
  • the position of the user's finger is indicated by the position of the control slider 211 on the display.

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Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]  训练用户移动手的康复系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种帮助用户移动手的可佩戴式助力设备和一种训练用户移动手的康复系统。
背景技术
传统的用于训练手移动的康复设备存在两方面的问题。第一,设备不能佩戴,因此用户无法用他们的需要康复的手指进行功能运动。第二,用户在一个被动的环境下,按照之前已经受训过的、预先安排好的训练轨迹进行训练。这些系统缺乏对控制康复训练的主动参与。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题针对现有技术中缺少对服装的织物材料的热湿传递过程进行仿真的缺陷,提供一种织物湿热传递的仿真系统。
在第一优选方面,本发明提供一种训练用户手的移动的康复系统,所述系统包括:
连到用户手上的平台;
用于掌指(MCP)关节的且具有可操作地连接到所述马达上的近位导轨的近位跟随组件、用于近指(PIP)关节且具有可操作地连接到所述近位跟随组件上的中间导轨的中间跟随组件;
其中,所述近位导轨的指关节指示器(knuckle joint indicator)对应于第一虚拟中心,所述中间导轨的指关节指示器对应于第二虚拟中心。将所述 指关节指示器 对齐到所述虚拟中心可以使得当所述近位跟随组件和中间跟随组件被马达启动时,手指的运动得到控制,且可将手指的旋转轴线维持围绕每个虚拟中心。
每个手指组件可包括用于远指(DIP)关节的远位组件,所述远位组件具有远位导轨,所述远位导轨的 指关节指示器 对应于一个第三虚拟中心。
所述第三虚拟中心可位于所述MCP关节上,所述第二虚拟中心可位于所述PIP关节上,所述第三虚拟中心可位于所述DIP关节上。
五个手指组件可通过所述平台上提供的五个手指组件插座而可操作地连接到所述平台上。
每个手指组件可包括用来支撑手指的近位支撑垫、中间支撑垫和远位支撑垫。
所述手指组件插座、中间导轨、近位跟随组件、中间跟随组件和近位支撑垫、中间支撑垫可用衔接槽系统连接起来。
所述中间跟随组件具有可调连杆。在所述近位跟随组件和中间导轨处的可调连杆和衔接槽系统可对应所述 指关节指示器 到所述第二虚拟中心的对齐。
所述虚拟中心的位置可调以适应不同手指长度,通过移动所述手指组件在所述手指组件插座中的位置,可以将所述第一虚拟中心调节到与所述MCP关节的中心对齐;通过所述可调连杆和衔接槽系统中的支撑锁,可以将所述第二虚拟中心调节到与所述 PIP 关节的中心对齐。
所述近位支撑垫和中间支撑垫各自可具有一个容纳手指从其中穿过的环,所述环的位置可调节到与MCP关节和PIP关节对齐,以保证当所述近位和中间跟随组件被马达启动后,可维持手指的旋转轴始终围绕每个虚拟中心。
所述环可从所述衔接槽系统上拆除下来。
所述系统可进一步包括连接到所述手指组件上去的传感器,用来测量手指施加的反馈力和手指的弯曲位置。
所述系统可进一步包括手校准软件模块,用于在手进行打开和抓取功能时自动地确定运动范围。
所述系统可进一步包括一个马达控制软件模块,用于自动调节所有的马达速度以便手指的运动都同时启动和停止。
所述系统可进一步包括自适应马达速度调节模块,用来自动地调节每个马达的速度,以适应在训练过程中由于手指所施加的外力引起的速度变化,进而在下个手指运动中在同时启动和完成运动全程。
所述马达可以是直线运动马达。
在第二方面,本发明还提供一种用于修改康复设备以适应用户手的方法,所述方法包括:
将所述设备的近位导轨的第一 指关节指示器 对齐到第一虚拟中心上;并
将所述设备的中间导轨的第二 指关节指示器 对齐到第二虚拟中心上;
其中,将所述 指关节指示器 对齐到虚拟中心使得当所述近位跟随组件和中间跟随组件被马达启动时手指的运动可得到控制,且可使得手指的旋转轴线维持围绕每个虚拟中心。
在第三方面,本发明提供一种用于训练用户手的移动的手指组件,所述手指组件可操作地连接到平台上,所述手指组件包括:
马达;
用于掌指(MCP)关节的近位跟随组件,所述近位跟随组件具有可操作地连接到所述马达的近位导轨;
用于近指(PIP)关节的中间跟随组件,所述中间跟随组件具有可操作地连接到所述近位跟随组件的中间导轨;
其中,近位导轨的 指关节指示器 对应于一个第一虚拟中心,中间导轨的 指关节指示器 对应于第二虚拟中心,将 指关节指示器 对齐到虚拟中心可以使得在近位跟随组件和中间跟随组件被马达启动时手指的运动得到控制,并可维持手指的旋转轴线始终围绕每个虚拟中心。
所述马达可以为直线运动马达。
在第四方面,本发明提供一种对用于训练用户手的移动的康复设备中的马达的速度进行调节的方法,每个马达用来沿预设的轨迹移动手指,所述方法包括:
手校准软件模块基于每个手指施加的反馈力来测量每个手指的运动范围;
控制软件模块调节试运行后的每个马达的速度;
其中,所述控制软件模块计算每个马达的各自速度,以便在最大手打开位置和最大手闭合位置之间移动手指,以使得所有手指同时完成预设的运动轨迹;以及
所述控制软件模块记录每次试运行完成预定轨迹的时间,如果所述时间与预定的时间周期不相等,则调节所有马达的速度以用于下次试运行。
所述马达的速度可以根据用户手指所施加的外力的变化而对每次试运行进行调节。
在第五方面,本发明提供一种利用康复设备训练用户手的移动的方法,所述方法包括:
为用户展示用户界面,所述用户界面显示了一套需要用户用他们的手指跟踪的目标滑块;
根据目标滑块的移动来检测每个手指的移动;
在用户界面上显示每个手指的位置;
其中,所述目标滑块在一个预设的时间量内从0%移动到100%。
手指的位置可用控制滑块来表示。
所述康复系统是一种用于帮助用户的手的移动的可佩戴式助力设备。
附图说明
本发明的示例将参照以下附图来进行描述,其中:
图1是根据本发明优选实施例的康复设备的侧视图;
图2是图1所示设备在佩戴时的顶视图和正视图;
图3是图1所示设备的侧视图,显示当手位于打开位置和闭合位置时虚拟中心的定位;
图4是手的顶视图和仰视图,显示在佩戴图1所示设备以前,用于检测EMG信号的电极在拇短展肌(APB)和指伸肌(ED)的位置;
图5是手的顶视图和仰视图,显示在佩戴图1所示设备时,用于检测EMG信号的电极在拇短展肌和指伸肌的位置;
图6是当图1所示设备的马达被向前推时手指组件的连杆系统的动作侧视图,显示两个关节在屈伸运动中同时移动;
图7是调节所述手指组件所做的第一步骤的透视图;
图8是调节手指组件所做的第二步骤的侧视图;
图9是调节手指组件所做的第三步骤的侧视图;
图10是所述手指组件在打开位置的侧视图;
图11是所述手指组件在半闭合位置的透视图;
图12是所述手指组件的零件分解图;
图13是将所述手指组件连接到图1所示设备的固定平台上去的透视图;
图14是图1所示设备在佩戴时的仰视图以显示腕带和平台;
图15是显示手指组件的衔接槽系统的透视图;
图16是利用力反馈来自动测量所有手指的运动范围的方法流程图;
图17是用于自动手尺寸校准的软件校准程序的截屏;
图18是控制和自动调节所有马达的速度以使手指移动同时结束的流程图;
图19是控制图1所示设备的方法流程图;
图20是一组图表,显示所记录的从ED肌到APB肌的EMG信号以及当图1所示设备处于主动模式(voluntary mode)时拇指和食指的位置;和
图21是从一个训练软件程序上截屏得到的图,所述训练软件程序在不同类型的训练任务过程中提供可视反馈来引导用户。
具体实施方式
参照图1至图15,康复设备10通过用户患肢的肌电活动(EMG)来驱动,因而被用户交互性地控制。合适的用户包括年长者、上肢运动障碍的人和中风患者。从肢体患肌得到的EMG信号对应于用户的意图且能够控制设备10所提供的辅助运动。这使得用户可积极地参与到运动再学习的锻炼中来,与此相反的是,先前的系统则只能提供被动的训练。设备10集中于通过机动和机械辅助用户手指的移动来进行上肢训练。移动包括基本的手功能例如手掌抓握、掐和手打开。
设备10利用模块设计构造起来的,尺寸上很紧凑。转至图14 ,五个手指组件71通过手指组件插座 23和紧固螺钉70可操作地连接到一个固定平台24上。平台24可适应不同手掌大小,且只需要通过拉紧或者放松腕带140和掌带141这样的轻微调节即可。平台24可根据不同的手功能任务而改变其形状和手指组件插座23的位置。设备10使得掌指(MCP)关节和近指(PIP)关节二者可在一定范围内同时具有受控的均匀角速度。设备10的移动和响应模仿人类手指的联动性移动(cohesive movement)尤其是手打开和手抓紧的动作。
手指组件71被直线驱动。马达后支柱11将手指组件71的马达连接到平台24上。每个马达12 连接到 MCP关节的近位跟随组件13上。马达12可以为50mm级的直线运动马达。近位跟随组件13连接到用于 PIP关节的中间跟随组件16上。中间跟随组件16是连接组件120的一部分。在另一实施例中,安装有第三组件来为进行指尖运动的远指(DIP)关节提供机动动力。
近位跟随组件13具有近位导轨14。近位导轨14具有旋转范围,例如55°。近位跟随组件13的 指关节指示器22识别出第一虚拟中心30的位置。中间跟随组件16具有中间导轨17。中间导轨17具有一个旋转范围,例如65°。中间跟随组件16的指关节指示器25识别出第二虚拟中心31的位置。 指关节指示器22、25作为可视参照点用来方便用户将他们各自的关节向设备10的指关节指示器22、25对齐。在导轨 14、17中,轴承32、33使得跟随组件13、16可以跟随导轨14、17的路径,例如,当近位导轨14移动到 0°位置,中间导轨17跟随且移动到0°位置。当近位导轨14移动到最大范围55°的位置时,中间导轨17跟随并移动到最大范围65°位置,组件13、16在近位和中间导轨14、17二者之间产生比例关系。角度放大连杆系统将中间跟随组件16的角运动转变成与近位跟随组件13所产生的角运动成比例关系。
参照图7至8,将指关节指示器22、25向虚拟中心30、31对齐可以使手指的运动得到控制,且可维持手指的旋转轴线围绕每个虚拟中心30、31。为了确保 指关节指示器22、25位于正确的位置,为手指组件插座23配有衔接槽系统。内衔接槽系统21位于近位跟随组件13上,用来与中间导轨17咬合以使中间导轨17对齐到第二虚拟中心31上。随着近位导轨14和中间导轨17之间距离的变化,通过旋转可调连杆15可以将正确对齐的连接组件120调节到其初始位置。其运动范围被存储。中间跟随组件16具有衔接槽系统18,衔接槽系统18为中间支撑垫20对齐到手指的近位指间关节提供了可调性。
转至图12,其描述了手指组件71的零件分解图。当马达12启动,马达12的纵向运动转化为角/旋转运动,并导致中间跟随组件16的相对运动,中间跟随组件16跟随中间导轨17位于近位跟随组件13的运动的虚拟中心30路径。可调连杆15的一端123连接到近位导轨14上,另一端124则连接到中间跟随组件16上。
参照图6至11,中间导轨17的旋转将中间跟随组件16的连接端拉向近位导轨14,近位导轨14转动穿过位于中间导轨17上的自身轴线。可调连杆15将中间跟随组件16连接到连接组件120上。当可调连杆15移动,连接组件120的旋转力沿中间导轨17推动中间跟随组件16以产生第二组的以第二虚拟中心31为中心的旋转运动。这个运动是可逆的。传感器26安装到中间跟随组件16上。传感器26获得力反馈信号。在另一实施例中,第二传感器26固定到近位跟随组件13上用来同时从掌指(MCP)关节和近指(PIP)关节二者上获取力反馈信号。
转至图2,每个设备10具有,例如,五套同样的手指组件71。这可确保快速且符合成本效益的制造,因为没必要生产五套不同的手指组件。手指组件71连接到固定平台24上同样也如图13所描述的一样快捷。手指组件71滑进固定平台24的手指组件插座23内,螺栓穿过近位跟随组件13上的孔而固定,马达12将它们枢接到一起。
转至图4和图5,其显示的是用于从患肢的肌肉里探测EMG信号的电极位置。电极40、41放置在拇短展肌(APB)和指伸(ED)肌上。参考电极42同样放置在肢上。
转至图7至9,手指支承在手指组件71的环121、122内。环121、122分别连接到近位和中间支撑垫19、20上。例如,设置有两个不同尺寸的环121、122。随着每个手指组件71被马达12启动,将引起支承在环121、122内的手指也移动。
转至图13,衔接槽系统用在手指组件插座23、中间导轨17、近位和中间跟随组件13、16以及近位和中间支撑垫19、20 上。此衔接槽系统允许设备10沿不同长度的手指的长度方向纵向调节。
转至图15,为确保跟随组件13、16的调节完成后的位置,位于衔接槽系统18、21的雀尾扩展部的开口端上的孔、位于跟随组件13、16两端的孔上都通过紧固螺钉70固定。
参照图16至18,设备10配备了用于自动手校准的软件程序,用以测量运动范围以及对手打开和抓取功能的马达控制。手57的每个手指或者拇指可具有不同的介于手打开和手抓取之间的运动范围。采用所有运动范围的标准百分比从0%(最大手闭合位置95)到100%(最大手打开位置96)来同步(synchronizes)所有的手指和拇指。
软件程序自动决定每个手指或拇指的运动范围。通过检测手指在静止期(resting stage)的移动过程中的力反馈,识别最大手打开位置96和最大手闭合位置95就可以确定运动范围56。力反馈的闭合和打开阈值则用来识别最大手打开和闭合位置96、95,例如,是从1N到50N的范围。最大位置识别出来后,软件同步所有手指和拇指从最大手打开位置96至最大手闭合位置95的移动。
对于不同的用户手指,其介于手指伸长最大值和手指弯曲最大值之间的范围是不同的,软件利用所测量到的运动范围以及试运行时间来调节每个马达12的速度。因此,每个马达12相对于另一个马达具有不同的速度以便所有手指和拇指的运动同时开始和结束。典型的试运行时间大约为3到10秒,它是一个中风病人在进行日常活动任务时练习他们的手指从最大闭合位置95移到最大打开位置96的时间,移动方向也可以反过来。
参照图16至17,自动手校准模块对马达12移动手57的手指和拇指的运动56范围进行测量。测量始于设置步骤41,即将所有马达位置设置到马达范围的中间位置。马达范围是介于最大马达位置97和最小马达位置98之间的范围。最大马达位置97和最小马达位置98是由手指组件71的可运动范围决定的。为了测量最大手闭合位置95,需要进行步骤42至46。为了测量最大手打开位置96,则要进行步骤48至52。
为了测量最大手闭合位置95和手闭合范围,所有马达都向每个手指(43)的最大马达位置97移动(42)。如果手指的力反馈比闭合阈值(44)大,相应的马达停止,最大手闭合位置95的数据被记录下来(46)。如果手指的力反馈比闭合阈值要小,相应的马达继续移动(45)直到到达最大马达位置97。如果相应马达到达最大马达位置97,此位置被记录(46)作为相应手指数据的最大手闭合位置95。软件等待直到所有马达停止(47)。
为了测量最大手打开位置96和手打开范围,当所有马达停止(47)后,所有马达向最小马达位置98移动(48)。如果手指的力反馈大于打开阈值(50),相应的马达停止,则最大手打开位置96的数据被记录(52)。如果手指的力反馈小于打开阈值(50),相应的马达继续移动(51)直到其到达最小马达位置98。如果相应的马达到达最小马达位置98,则此位置被记录(52)作为相应手指数据的最大手打开位置96。软件等待直至所有马达停止(53)。计算(54)所有手指的运动范围,且结果数据被送往(55)马达控制程序。马达控制程序的功能如图18所示。
参照图18,马达控制程序能够实现通过自适应地调节马达自身速度来控制所有马达同时开始和结束。图16显示的是,来自自动手校准模块的所有手的手指运动数据的范围都被接收(60)。从用户那里可获得试运行时间(61)。基于试运行时间和所获得的每个手指的运动范围,利用无负载条件下的初始打开速度(72)和闭合速度(62)来初始化所有马达。举例来说,马达的速度可以通过激励电压或者不同的开 / 关模式来调节。因此,如果没有用户手指所施加的外力,所有马达以确定的速度移动,并在所有手指开始和结束移动的同时完成运动全程。
因此,基于对训练动作的用户选择,所有马达被启动(63、73)并朝向手闭合方向63或者手打开方向73移动。这是为每个手指和拇指(65、75)而执行的。当马达到达(66、76)最大手闭合位置95或者最大手打开位置96,马达停止,所有马达完成运动所需的时间被记录(67、77)。软件等待直到所有马达停止(68、78)。由于中风病人的手的状况在训练过程中受痉挛强直或挛缩的影响,来自用户手的外力影响施加到马达上的力。外力会增大或减小速度进而影响完成时间。外力在训练过程中同样会改变,因而需要可以自我调节的自适应速度算法。
如果检测到的任一马达的完成时间比预先配置的试运行时间要短(69、79),相应马达的下一次试运行的速度将减小(71、81)。如果检测到的任一马达的完成时间比配置的试运行时间要长,则相应马达的下一次试运行的速度应该增大(70、80)。在下一次训练运行中,新的一组马达速度用来控制所有马达,以便在进行手打开和手闭合功能时尽量实现所有马达同时开始和结束。
参照图19,其显示的是控制设备10的过程。用户选择控制模式(82)。可用的控制模式有:被动模式(83)、触发模式(84)和主动模式(85)。如果选择被动模式(83),则马达启动(87)并在没有任何输入的情况下完成预设轨迹。如果选择触发模式(84),比较(86)所探测到的实时EMG水平和预定阈值。如果EMG水平高于阈值,则马达启动(87)并完成预设轨迹。如果选择主动模式(85),对试运行时间极限进行监控(88)以检测是否其已经达到极限。如果时间极限还没达到,所检测的实时EMG水平将与预定阈值进行比较(89)。如果EMG水平高于阈值,则马达启动(90)。如果EMG水平低于阈值,则马达不启动(91)。如果马达已经被启动(90)却没有达到(92)最大手打开或闭合位置95、96,继续监控(88)运行时间极限。
参考图20,图表201显示从ED肌获取的EMG信号记录。另一个图表202显示在主动模式下跟踪任务时的APB肌。第三图表203描述的是在主动模式下跟踪任务时拇指p1的位置。第四图表204描述的是在主动模式下跟踪任务时食指p2的位置。图表203、204中的实线表示手指的实际位置。虚线则表示目标位置。
在手打开试运行中,如果检测到的来自用户ED的EMG信号高于阈值,马达89启动。如果检测到的来自用户ED的EMG信号低于阈值,则马达不启动。在手闭合运行中,如果检测到的来自用户APB的EMG信号高于阈值89,则马达被启动。如果检测到的来自用户APB的EMG信号低于阈值,则马达不启动。检测到的实际马达位置被记录下来,并被显示到图表的实线上。实际手指位置(实线)的跟踪数据和预设轨迹(虚线)的比较表明用户手打开和闭合功能的状况。
参照图21,训练软件提供了在不同类型的训练任务中的可视反馈以引导用户。此软件也积极地训练用户并根据训练制度进行评估。图中显示手指跟踪任务中每个手指的位置。目标滑块210在配置的运行时间61的t秒内从每个手指运动范围的0%移动到100%。等待3秒后,例如,它们从100%回到0%同样也经历预配置运行时间的t秒。运行时间 t 秒是一个可调时间值,可在训练软件中设定。当目标滑块210移动,用户手指必须尽可能地跟进目标滑块210的移动。用户手指的位置用显示上的控制滑块211的位置来表示。
本领域的技术人员可以知道,在不偏离以上概述的本发明范围或精神的前提下,上述具体实施例所描述的本发明可做各种变换和 / 或修改。因此,所述实施例应被看作是对各方面的例证说明而非限制。

Claims (22)

1.一种训练用户移动手的康复系统,所述系统包括:
连到用户手上的平台;
多个可操作地连接到所述平台上的手指组件,每个手指组件具有:马达、用于掌指关节的且具有可操作地连接到所述马达上的近位导轨的近位跟随组件、用于近指关节且具有可操作地连接到所述近位跟随组件上的中间导轨的中间跟随组件;
其特征在于,所述近位导轨的指关节指示器对应于第一虚拟中心,所述中间导轨的指关节指示器对应于第二虚拟中心,将所述指关节指示器对齐到所述虚拟中心上可以使得当所述近位跟随组件和中间跟随组件被马达启动时,手指的运动得到控制,且可将手指的旋转轴线维持围绕每个虚拟中心。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,每个手指组件包括用于远指关节的远位组件,所述远位组件具有远位导轨,所述远位导轨的指关节指示器对应于第三虚拟中心。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一虚拟中心位于MCP关节处,第二虚拟中心位于PIP关节处,所述第三虚拟中心位于DIP关节处。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,有五个手指组件通过平台上所提供的五个手指组件插座而可操作地连接到所述平台上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,每个手指组件包括支撑手指的近位支撑垫、中间支撑垫和远位支撑垫。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,所述手指组件插座、中间导轨、近位和中间跟随组件以及近位和中间支撑垫都利用衔接槽系统连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述中间跟随组件具有可调连杆,所述近位跟随组件和中间导轨的可调连杆和衔接槽系统对应将所述指关节指示器到所述第二虚拟中心的对齐。
8 .根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述虚拟中心的位置可调以适应不同手指尺寸,所述第一虚拟中心通过移动手指组件插槽中的手指组件的位置进行调节来与所述MCP关节的中心对齐,所述第二虚拟中心通过移动可调连杆和衔接槽系统中的支撑锁进行调节来来与PIP关节的中心对齐。
9.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述近位支撑垫和中间支撑垫各自具有一个用于容纳手指从其中穿过的环,所述环的位置可调节到与MCP关节和PIP关节对齐,以便所述近位和中间跟随组件被马达驱动后维持手指的旋转轴围绕每个虚拟中心。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统,其特征在于,所述环可拆卸地从所述衔接槽系统上拆除下来。
11.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包括连接到所述手指组件上的传感器,用来测量用来测量手指施加的反馈力和手指的弯曲位置。
12.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包括手校准软件模块,用于在手进行打开和抓取功能时自动地确定运动范围。
13.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包括马达控制软件模块,用来自动调节所有马达的速度以便手指的运动同时开始和结束。
14.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,进一步包括自适应马达速度调节模块,用来自动调节每个马达的速度,以适应训练过程中由于手指施加的外力而引起的速度变化,进而在下一个手指运动中能够同时开始和完成运动全程。
15.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,马达是直线运动马达。
16.一种用于修改康复设备以适应不同用户的手的方法,所述方法包括:
将所述设备的近位导轨的第一指关节指示器对齐到第一虚拟中心;
将所述设备的中间导轨的第二指关节指示器对齐到第二虚拟中心;
其特征在于,将指关节指示器对齐到虚拟中心使得当所述近位跟随组件和中间跟随组件被马达启动时手指的运动可得到控制,且可使得手指的旋转轴线维持围绕每个虚拟中心。
17.一种用于训练用户移动手的手指组件,所述手指组件可操作地连接到一个平台上,所述手指组件包括:
马达;
用于掌指关节的近位跟随组件,所述近位跟随组件具有可操作的连接到所述马达上的近位导轨;
用于近指关节的中间跟随组件,所述中间跟随组件具有可操作的连接到所述近位跟随组件上的中间导轨;
其特征在于,所述近位导轨的指关节指示器对应于第一虚拟中心,所述中间导轨的指关节指示器对应于第二虚拟中心,所述指关节指示器对齐到虚拟中心使得在近位跟随组件和中间跟随组件被马达启动时手指的运动得到控制,并可维持手指的旋转轴线始终围绕每个虚拟中心。
18.根据权利要求17所述的组件,其特征在于,所述马达为直线运动马达。
19.一种对用于训练用户手的移动的康复设备中的马达的速度进行调节的方法,每个马达用来沿预定的轨迹移动手指,所述方法包括:
手校准软件模块基于每个手指的力反馈来测量每个手指的运动范围;
控制软件模块在试运行后调节每个马达的速度;
其特征在于,所述控制软件模块计算每个马达的各自速度,以便在最大手打开位置和最大手闭合位置之间移动手指,以使得所有手指同时完成预设的运动轨迹;以及
所述控制软件模块记录每次试运行完成预定轨迹的时间,如果所述时间与预定的时间周期不相等,则调节所有马达的速度以用于下次试运行。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,每次试运行中的所述马达的速度都根据用户手指所施加的外力的变化来调节。
21.一种利用康复设备训练用户移动手的方法,所述方法包括:
为用户显示用户界面,所述用户界面显示用于用户用手指跟踪的目标滑块:
根据目标滑块的移动检测每个手指的移动;以及
在用户界面上显示每个手指的位置;
其特征在于,所述目标滑块在预定的时间量内从0%移动至100%。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中,手指的位置用控制滑块来表示。
PCT/CN2010/073267 2009-05-26 2010-05-26 训练用户移动手的康复系统 Ceased WO2010135993A1 (zh)

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JP2007020617A (ja) * 2005-07-12 2007-02-01 Natl Rehabilitation Center For The Disabled 屈曲型関節拘縮治療装置
JP2008067852A (ja) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-27 Gifu Univ 上肢手指機能回復訓練装置
CN201033143Y (zh) * 2007-03-28 2008-03-12 时正 智能引导肢体康复训练治疗机

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