WO2011007766A1 - 太陽電池用封止剤シートおよび封止剤一体型基材 - Google Patents
太陽電池用封止剤シートおよび封止剤一体型基材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011007766A1 WO2011007766A1 PCT/JP2010/061802 JP2010061802W WO2011007766A1 WO 2011007766 A1 WO2011007766 A1 WO 2011007766A1 JP 2010061802 W JP2010061802 W JP 2010061802W WO 2011007766 A1 WO2011007766 A1 WO 2011007766A1
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- solar cell
- resin
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- coating film
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/28—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents cationic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/44—Preparation of metal salts or ammonium salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/283—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/58—Epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
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- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
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- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
- C08G18/8061—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/807—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
- C08G18/8077—Oximes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/83—Chemically modified polymers
- C08G18/831—Chemically modified polymers by oxygen-containing compounds inclusive of carbonic acid halogenides, carboxylic acid halogenides and epoxy halides
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L43/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L43/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D143/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/804—Materials of encapsulations
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
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- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell sealant sheet and a sealant-integrated base material used for a solar cell module.
- a solar cell module has a solar cell element, a protective sheet material (back sheet) that supports the solar cell element, and a transparent light receiving plate (such as a glass plate) provided on the light receiving side of the solar cell element as basic elements. ing.
- the solar cell element is sealed between the protective sheet and the transparent light receiving plate.
- This sealing structure is a laminate in which an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate resin) sealant sheet is interposed between the transparent light receiving plate and the solar cell element and between the protective sheet material and the solar cell element, respectively. This is realized by vacuum-pressure forming while heating this laminate.
- a sheet formed from an EVA resin composition is used as a sealant sheet in a conventional solar cell module.
- the EVA resin sheet is basically used for a long period of time, it is likely to be deteriorated or deteriorated such as yellowing, cracking and foaming.
- the sealant sheet is deteriorated or deteriorated, corrosion of the solar cell element is induced accordingly.
- the power generation capacity of the solar cell module is rapidly reduced. Further, such deterioration and alteration phenomenon are likely to occur when the use environment conditions change in a more severe direction. Insufficient resistance to the environment of use is a cause of limited applications of conventional solar cells.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an adhesive sheet made of an ethylene-based resin having excellent performance equivalent to that of an EVA-based resin and hardly causing deterioration and deterioration problems of the resin sheet, and solar cell filling.
- a material sheet is disclosed. That is, in Patent Document 1, a sheet material obtained by using a graft polymer or copolymer of alkoxysilane as a single-layer sheet or a laminated sheet having an ethylene-based resin as a core material using an extruder is used as a sealant sheet. It has been proposed. This sealant sheet is interposed between a back surface protection sheet (back sheet) and a glass plate which is a light receiving side transparent plate so as to sandwich the solar cell element. The laminated body obtained by interposing the sealant sheet is vacuum-pressure molded while being heated (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as heated vacuum-pressure molding), thereby sealing the solar cell element.
- back sheet back surface protection sheet
- glass plate which is a light receiving side transparent plate
- Patent Document 1 requires a step of inserting the sealant sheet itself separately from the backsheet insertion, as in the case of the sealing method using the conventional EVA resin as the sealant sheet. There is a problem that increases.
- seat used by patent document 1 is an adhesive sheet obtained from extrusion molding, and this adhesive sheet is a moisture hardening type. Therefore, as the thickness of the alkoxysilane adhesive layer increases, the moisture required for curing the adhesive sheet at the time of module assembly is less likely to reach the center in the thickness direction of the sheet, resulting in insufficient moisture. When the moisture necessary for curing the adhesive sheet is insufficient, the curing of the adhesive sheet within the molding time is insufficient. The portion of the adhesive sheet that is not sufficiently cured melts and flows out, and the melted and overflowing adhesive resin adheres to the assembly disk surface of the molding apparatus in a plasticized state and becomes soiled.
- the encapsulant sheet is interposed between the back surface protective sheet and the light-receiving side transparent plate so as to sandwich the solar cell element, and the obtained laminate is heated by vacuum / pressure forming. To do. By heating in this vacuum / pressure forming, the encapsulant sheet is once plasticized and pressure-bonded to the solar cell element, and then cured to seal the element. In this process, when a conventional sealant is used, there is a problem that the plasticized sealant protrudes from the outer peripheral portion and adheres to the assembly device and becomes dirty.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sealing adhesive for solar cell elements without causing a problem that in the assembly process of the solar cell module, the plasticized sealant protrudes to the outer peripheral portion and adheres to the assembly device and becomes dirty.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell encapsulant sheet and an encapsulant-integrated substrate.
- the present invention provides a solar cell encapsulant sheet and an encapsulant-integrated base material adopting the following configuration.
- thermosetting solar cell encapsulant sheet for sealing a solar cell element between two types of substrates, a light-receiving side transparent plate and a back surface protective sheet,
- a monomer mixture containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group is emulsified using a resin having an ammonium group quaternized by adding a tertiary amine compound having an epoxy group and an organic acid as a dispersant.
- the hardness (B) after heating and curing of the coating film is 4B or more in terms of pencil hardness, and the hardness ratio (B /) of the hardness before heating (A) and the hardness after heating (B) is obtained by polymerization.
- a sealant sheet for solar cells characterized in that it is composed of a coating film of a water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating material in which A) is 1.1 times or more.
- a monomer mixture containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group is emulsified using a resin having an ammonium group quaternized by adding a tertiary amine compound having an epoxy group and an organic acid as a dispersant.
- the hardness (B) after heating and curing of the coating film obtained by polymerization is 4B or more in pencil hardness, and the hardness ratio (B / A) of the hardness before heating (A) and the hardness after heating (B) (B / A) ) Is 1.1 times or more, a coating film of a water-soluble thermosetting resin particle paint is integrally laminated as a sealant on the surface of the substrate on the solar cell element side. Sealant-integrated base material.
- the sealing sheet for solar cells and the sealing agent-integrated base material according to the present invention are said that, in the assembly process of the solar cell module, the plasticized sealing agent protrudes to the outer peripheral portion and adheres to the assembly device and becomes dirty. There is an effect of enabling the sealing and bonding of the solar cell element without causing a problem.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an example of a solar cell module formed by using a solar cell encapsulant sheet or an encapsulant-integrated base material according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram showing another example of a solar cell module formed using the encapsulant sheet for solar cells or the encapsulant-integrated base material according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a cross-sectional configuration showing an example of a solar cell module formed using the solar cell encapsulant sheet or the encapsulant-integrated base material according to the present invention.
- the solar cell element 3 is sealed between the transparent plate 1 on the light receiving side and the back surface protective sheet 2 with the sealant 4 interposed therebetween.
- the solar cell module whose cross-sectional configuration is shown in FIG. 2 the solar cell element 3 is placed in contact with the transparent plate 1 on the light receiving side, and the sealing agent 4 is filled between the back surface protective sheet 2 and the solar cell module 3. It is sealed.
- the sealant 4 is obtained by thermosetting a coating film of a specific water-soluble thermosetting resin particle-dispersed paint described later or a coating sheet made of the coating film.
- the said coating film is formed by apply
- the transparent plate 1 or the back surface protective sheet 2 on which the coating film is laminated corresponds to the sealant-integrated base material defined in the present invention.
- the coating film is laminated on both the transparent plate 1 and the back surface protection sheet 2.
- the coating film is laminated only on the back surface protection sheet 2.
- the sealant sheet can be obtained by applying the paint to another resin sheet and peeling it after drying.
- two sealant sheets are prepared, and are arranged between the transparent plate 1 and the back surface protection sheet 2 so as to sandwich the solar cell element 3 when the solar cell module is assembled.
- the laminate consisting of the transparent plate 1-sealant sheet-solar cell element 3-sealant sheet-back surface protective sheet 2 is subjected to vacuum / pressure forming with heating, whereby the sealant sheet in the laminate is heated. It hardens and becomes sealant 4.
- FIG. 1 two sealant sheets are prepared, and are arranged between the transparent plate 1 and the back surface protection sheet 2 so as to sandwich the solar cell element 3 when the solar cell module is assembled.
- the laminate consisting of the transparent plate 1-sealant sheet-solar cell element 3-sealant sheet-back surface protective sheet 2 is subjected to vacuum / pressure forming with heating, whereby the sealant sheet in the laminate is heated. It hardens and becomes sealant 4.
- a sealing agent sheet is arrange
- the laminate composed of the transparent plate 1-solar cell element 3-sealant sheet-back surface protective sheet 2 is vacuum-pressure molded under heating.
- the sealant sheet becomes a sealant 4 that is thermoset and seals the periphery of the solar cell element 3 in contact with the transparent plate 1.
- the thickness of the sealant 4 is preferably set in the range of 30 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m depending on the application. In order to obtain the sealant 4 having such a film thickness, the thickness of the above-described coating film and sealant sheet is also appropriately adjusted within the range of 30 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m.
- the coating film constituting the sealant sheet used in the present invention has a hardness (B) after heat curing of 4B or more in terms of pencil hardness, and a hardness between the hardness (A) before heating and the hardness (B) after heat curing.
- the ratio (B / A) is 1.1 times or more.
- the transparent plate 1 an inorganic glass plate is mainly used, but acrylic organic glass and other transparent resin sheets can also be used.
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- LCP liquid crystal polymer
- PVF polyvinyl fluoride
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- polyamide nylon 6, 66
- a PET resin film is preferable in terms of cost and performance.
- the coating material that forms the above-described coating film is a water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating material.
- a resin having an ammonium group which is quaternized by adding a tertiary amine compound and an organic acid to a resin having an epoxy group, is used as a dispersant.
- a water-soluble thermosetting resin particle is obtained by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group.
- An alkoxysilane-based paint is formed so as to contain the obtained water-soluble thermosetting resin particles in a solid content of 3 to 20% by mass.
- the obtained coating material is a water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating material used in the present invention.
- the thick coating film obtained from this paint is once plasticized by heating in vacuum / pressure forming when assembling the solar cell module, and then crimped to the solar cell element.
- the plasticized coating is then cured to seal the device.
- the phenomenon that the plasticized coating film protrudes to the outer peripheral portion and adheres to the assembly device and becomes dirty does not occur.
- the solid content mass ratio between the resin (dispersant) having an ammonium group and the monomer mixture may be 5/95 to 20/80.
- the proportion of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having the alkoxysilyl group in the monomer mixture may be 5 to 35% by mass.
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin may have a mass average molecular weight of 6000 to 12000.
- the glass transition temperature of the monomer mixture may be 50 to 100 ° C.
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin may further contain an alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the content thereof is 2 to 5 times mol of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group. It may be an amount.
- a resin having an ammonium group obtained by adding a tertiary amine compound and an organic acid to a resin having an epoxy group and quaternizing is used as a dispersant.
- a monomer mixture containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group is emulsion-polymerized.
- the paint preferably contains 3 to 20% by mass of the water-soluble thermosetting resin particles as a resin solid content.
- the binder component of the coating material may be an epoxy resin and / or an acrylic resin in which an epoxy group is amine-modified, and may contain the resin having the ammonium group as the binder component.
- the coating film obtained by coating the transparent plate 1 and / or the back surface protective sheet 2 is heated.
- the resin particles constituting the coating film begin to melt, and at the same time, moisture adhering to the surface of the resin particles becomes moisture and diffuses between the particles.
- this moisture reacts with the alkoxyl group constituting the resin particle to become an alkoxysilyl group, and further condensation between these alkoxysilyl groups proceeds.
- the hardness inside and outside the film with respect to the thickness direction of the coating film is uniformly increased, and as a result, the coating film is uniformly cured by uniform moisture.
- the solar cell element is sealed by the sealant obtained by uniformly curing the coating film, and the airtightness of the element becomes very high.
- the coating film is not insufficiently cured in the process of being plasticized and then cured by heating in vacuum / pressure forming when the solar cell module is assembled. . Therefore, by using the above-mentioned coating film, the adhesive resin that has melted and overflowed due to insufficient curing of the sheet, which occurs when a conventional sealant sheet is used, adheres to the assembly board surface of the molding apparatus in a plasticized state. It is possible to prevent such a situation that it becomes dirty.
- the resin particles are more uniformly dispersed in the coating film.
- stability of the monomer mixture in the coating composition used as a binder can be improved by setting the glass transition temperature of the monomer mixture high.
- the flowability of the paint can be enhanced by setting the molecular weight of the resin particles low.
- the resin having an ammonium group preferably has 2 to 15 ammonium groups per molecule. If the number of ammonium groups exceeds 15 per molecule, the water resistance of the coating film may be lowered. If the number is less than 2, the intended water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed paint is difficult to obtain.
- the resin having an ammonium group is quaternized by adding a tertiary amine compound and an organic acid to a resin having an epoxy group.
- a resin having a tertiary amino group quaternized with an organic acid there may be a problem in the storage stability of the resulting water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed paint.
- the resin having an epoxy group examples include an epoxy resin and an acrylic resin.
- the epoxy resin is not particularly limited, and a polyphenol polyglycidyl ether type epoxy resin which is a reaction product of a polycyclic phenol compound such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, phenol novolak, cresol novolak, and epichlorohydrin is used. It is common.
- those obtained by extending the chain of these exemplified epoxy resins with a bifunctional polyester polyol, polyether polyol, bisphenol, dibasic carboxylic acid or the like can also be used.
- the epoxy equivalent is preferably 600 to 1200.
- the acrylic resin is obtained by copolymerizing an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an epoxy group such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate with another ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- An acrylic resin having an epoxy group can be used.
- the epoxy group is ring-opened with a tertiary amine to form an ammonium group, so that an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated group having an epoxy group is selected according to the number of the preferred ammonium groups described above.
- the amount of monomer can be determined.
- the solubility parameter of the copolymerization monomer used for obtaining the acrylic resin having the epoxy group is preferably 6 or more.
- the solubility parameter of the monomer is less than 6, a problem of poor adhesion with the substrate (transparent plate 1 and / or back surface protective sheet 2) occurs.
- the solubility parameter is also called a solubility parameter (sometimes abbreviated as SP) by those skilled in the art, and is a scale indicating the degree of hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the resin. This is also an important measure for judging the compatibility between resins. This value is numerically quantified based on, for example, a turbidity measuring method as described in the following document. Reference: K.K. W. Suh, D .; H. Clarke J. et al. Polymer. Sci. , A-1, 5, 1671 (1967)
- the above-mentioned acrylic resin having an epoxy group can be obtained by a conventional method such as solution polymerization of the above monomer using a generally well-known initiator.
- the number average molecular weight of the acrylic resin having an epoxy group thus obtained is preferably 5000 to 20000. If the number average molecular weight exceeds 20000, the viscosity is too high to be used as an emulsifier, and if it is less than 5000, it is difficult to obtain the desired aqueous resin particles.
- the quaternization can be realized by previously mixing a tertiary amine compound and an organic acid and adding this mixture as a quaternizing agent to a resin having an epoxy group.
- the tertiary amine compound for introducing an ammonium group into the resin various compounds such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, dimethylethanolamine, and methyldiethanolamine can be used.
- the amount of the tertiary amine compound can be determined according to the amount of ammonium group to be introduced.
- examples of the organic acid include formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, propionic acid, boric acid, butyric acid, dimethylolpropionic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, N-acetylglycine, and N-acetyl- ⁇ -alanine.
- lactic acid, acetic acid, and dimethylolpropionic acid are preferred from the viewpoint of stability during emulsification.
- the amount of epoxy group, tertiary amine compound, and organic acid in the acrylic resin having an epoxy group is preferably 1/1/1 to 1/1/2 in terms of molar ratio.
- the quaternization reaction is generally performed for 2 to 10 hours, and may be heated to 60 to 100 ° C. as necessary.
- Examples of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group include ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and ⁇ -acryloxypropyl.
- ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, which are highly polymerizable with other ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers and easily industrially available ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane and ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane are more preferable.
- the monomer mixture contains a general ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer in addition to the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group.
- a general ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer for example, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, allyl alcohol, methacryl Mention may be made of ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a hydroxyl group such as alcohols, hydroxyethyl acrylate or adducts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ⁇ -caprolactone.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers having no reactive functional group include acrylic acid esters or methacrylic acid esters (for example, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid n -Propyl, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl acrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, acrylic 2-ethylhexyl acid, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, phenyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, t-but
- the proportion of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having the alkoxysilyl group in the monomer mixture can be 5 to 35% by mass. If it is less than 5% by mass, the anti-extrusion property is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 35% by mass, there may be a problem in storage stability.
- the glass transition temperature of the monomer mixture is preferably 50 to 100 ° C. If it is less than 50 ° C., there is a problem in storage stability, and if it exceeds 100 ° C., the protrusion prevention property may be insufficient.
- a preferred lower limit is 60 ° C and an upper limit is 95 ° C.
- the solubility parameter of the monomer mixture is preferably 9-12. If it is less than 9, there may be a problem of poor adhesion to the resin film, and if it exceeds 12, the coating appearance and rust prevention properties of the coating film obtained when used in an alkoxysilane-based adhesive paint tend to be reduced. .
- the monomer mixture can contain an alcohol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms.
- an alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms By containing an alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, the storage stability of the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating material of the present invention can be improved.
- Examples of the alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms include linear aliphatic alcohols (for example, hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol), branched aliphatic alcohols (for example, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol).
- linear aliphatic alcohols for example, hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol
- branched aliphatic alcohols for example, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol.
- Polyethylene glycol ethers for example, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, diethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, triethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, polyethylene glycol phenyl ether, etc.
- polypropylene glycol ethers for example, propylene glycol monoalkyl, etc.
- Ethers dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, tripropylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, polypropylene
- propylene glycol phenyl ether aromatic alcohols (e.g., phenol, cresol, etc.,) and the like.
- the content thereof can be 2 to 5 times the molar amount of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group. If the amount is less than 2 times the molar amount, it is difficult to improve the storage stability. If the amount exceeds 5 times the molar amount, the sticking prevention property may be insufficient.
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating material used in the present invention thus obtained substantially contains a predetermined amount of alcohol having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
- alcohols not included in the monomer mixture such as alcohols used as a solvent in the production of the acrylic resin having an ammonium group, are not included in the alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Emulsion polymerization for obtaining the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed paint can be performed by a generally well-known method. Specifically, the above-mentioned monomer mixture and polymerization initiator are added to the aqueous medium containing an organic solvent such as water or, if necessary, alcohol, as a dispersant, and the mixture is heated and stirred. Can be performed by dripping. A monomer mixture emulsified in advance using a dispersing agent and water may be similarly dropped.
- an organic solvent such as water or, if necessary, alcohol, as a dispersant
- the previous dispersant is dissolved in an aqueous medium
- the initiator is added dropwise under heating and stirring, and then a part of the monomer mixture is first added dropwise, and then pre-emulsified using the dispersant and water.
- a method of dropping the remaining monomer mixture can be employed. By adopting this method, variation from the target particle diameter is reduced, and preferable water-soluble thermosetting resin particles can be formed.
- polymerization initiator examples include azo oily compounds [for example, azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (2 -(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane) and 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) and the like] and aqueous compounds [for example, anionic 4,4′-azobis (4-cyano Herbic acid), 2,2-azobis (N- (2-carboxyethyl) -2-methylpropionamidine) and cationic 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine)]; and redox oily peroxidation Products (for example, benzoyl peroxide, parachlorobenzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide and t-butyl perbenzoate) , And aqueous peroxides (e.g., such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persul), and water.
- reactive emulsifiers such as Antox MS-60 (trade name: manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd.), Eleminol JS-2 ( Trade name: Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), ADEKA rear soap NE-20 (trade name: Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.) and Aqualon HS-10 (trade name: Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) may be used in combination.
- the compounding ratio of the resin having an ammonium group used as the dispersant and the monomer mixture is preferably adjusted to a range of 5/95 to 20/80 in terms of solid content mass ratio.
- the blending solid content ratio is less than 5/95, the monomer particles in the dispersion liquid aggregate to form a lump, which may impair the smoothness of the coating film and make it impossible to seal the device. If it exceeds, it will become easy to protrude from a sealing agent.
- a mercaptan such as lauryl mercaptan and a chain transfer agent such as ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer can be used as necessary.
- the reaction temperature is determined by the initiator. For example, it is preferably 60 to 90 ° C. for an azo initiator and 30 to 70 ° C. for a redox system. In general, the reaction time is 1 to 8 hours.
- the amount of the initiator relative to the total amount of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture is generally 0.1 to 5% by mass, preferably 0.2 to 2% by mass.
- the average particle size of the dispersed resin particles in the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed paint thus obtained is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.30 ⁇ m.
- the particle diameter can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the composition of the monomer mixture and the emulsion polymerization conditions.
- the mass average molecular weight of the water-soluble thermosetting resin is preferably 6000 to 12000. If it is less than 6000, the protrusion from the sealant may increase, and if it exceeds 12000, the smoothness of the coating film may be reduced.
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating used in the present invention is an alkoxysilane-based coating containing 3 to 20% by mass of the above-mentioned water-soluble thermosetting resin in terms of resin solids.
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed paint is preferably an epoxy resin and / or an acrylic resin whose binder component is an amine-modified epoxy group.
- the binder component may contain a resin having the above ammonium group.
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed paint used in the present invention can be obtained by adding the above-mentioned predetermined amount of water-soluble thermosetting resin to an ordinary aqueous paint emulsion composition.
- the emulsion composition of the normal aqueous alkoxysilane-based paint include those having the epoxy resin amine-modified epoxy resin and / or acrylic resin as a binder resin and blocked isocyanate as a curing agent.
- Production Example 1 Production of Acrylic Resin Having Ammonium Group 120 parts of butyl cellosolve was placed in a reaction vessel and heated and stirred at 120 ° C.
- an initiator solution obtained by mixing 2 parts of t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate and 10 parts of butyl cellosolve, 19 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 60 parts of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 20 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
- a monomer having a solubility parameter of 10.1 consisting of 1 part of n-butyl methacrylate was simultaneously added dropwise over 3 hours.
- the number average molecular weight of the acrylic resin having an epoxy group thus obtained was 8500 and the weight average molecular weight determined by GPC in terms of polystyrene was 17900.
- 7 parts of dimethylaminoethanol and 15 parts of a 50% aqueous lactic acid solution were added, and quaternization was performed by heating and stirring at 80 ° C. When the acid value became 1 or less and the viscosity increase stopped, heating was stopped to obtain an acrylic resin having an ammonium group.
- the number of ammonium groups per molecule of the acrylic resin having ammonium groups was 8.2.
- Resin dispersion B1 70 parts of the acrylic resin having an ammonium group produced in Production Example 1 and 250 parts of deionized water were mixed to obtain a resin dispersion B1a. Separately from this resin dispersion B1a, 170 parts of methyl methacrylate, 40 parts of styrene, 30 parts of n-butyl methacrylate, 30 parts of ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, and 1 part of lauryl mercaptan are mixed and stirred to disperse the mixed resin. Liquid (monomer mixture containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an alkoxysilyl group) B1b was obtained. The mixed resin dispersion B1b was added to the resin dispersion B1a and stirred to obtain a pre-emulsion. This pre-emulsion is referred to as resin dispersion B1.
- the resin dispersion B1 was added dropwise to the resin dispersion A1 over 40 minutes.
- the obtained mixed resin dispersion was aged for 60 minutes and then cooled to obtain an aqueous resin particle dispersion AB1.
- the obtained water-soluble thermosetting resin dispersion AB1 had a nonvolatile content of 38%, a pH of 5.0, and an average particle size measured by a laser light scattering method of 90 nm.
- Resin dispersion B2 A resin dispersion B2a was obtained by mixing 70 parts of an acrylic resin having an ammonium group produced in Production Example 1 and 270 parts of deionized water. Separately from this resin dispersion B2a, 150 parts of methyl methacrylate, 35 parts of styrene, 25 parts of n-butyl methacrylate, 60 parts of ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, and 1 part of lauryl mercaptan are mixed and stirred to disperse the mixed resin. Liquid ( ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer mixture having an alkoxysilyl group) B2b was obtained. A pre-emulsion obtained by adding the mixed resin dispersion B2b to the resin dispersion B2a and stirring was obtained. This pre-emulsion is referred to as resin dispersion B2.
- the resin dispersion B2 was dropped into the resin dispersion A2 over 40 minutes.
- the obtained mixed resin dispersion was aged for 60 minutes and then cooled to obtain a water-soluble thermosetting resin dispersion AB2.
- the obtained aqueous resin particle dispersion AB2 had a non-volatile content of 37%, a pH of 4.7, and an average particle size measured by a laser light scattering method of 100 nm.
- Example 1 Production of water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coating material P1
- the base resin and the blocked isocyanate curing agent obtained in Production Examples 2 and 3 were uniformly mixed at a solid content blending ratio of 75:25, and then the solvent was added. An amount of 3% based on the solid content was added. Further, glacial acetic acid was added to neutralize to a neutralization rate of 43%, and then ion-exchanged water was added to slowly dilute. Subsequently, the main emulsion was obtained by removing MIBK under reduced pressure so that the solid content was 36%.
- Example 2 to 4 Production of water-soluble thermosetting resin dispersion paints P2, P3, and P4
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin particle dispersions were dispersed in the dispersions AB2, obtained in Production Examples 5 to 7, respectively. Except for changing to AB3 and AB4, respectively, alkoxysilane-based coating compositions (water-soluble thermosetting resin-dispersed coatings) P2, P3, and P4 containing water-soluble thermosetting resin particles were prepared in the same manner.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Production of Comparative Coating Compositions Pc1 and Pc2
- the water-soluble thermosetting resin particle dispersion AB1 obtained in Production Example 8 was used as a comparative water-soluble heat containing no alkoxysilyl group.
- Two types of comparative coating compositions Pc1 and Pc2 were prepared in the same manner except that the curable resin particle dispersion C1 and the comparative water-soluble thermosetting resin particle dispersion C2 obtained in Production Example 9 were respectively changed. did.
- the laminated structure of the solar cell module simulation sample is an aluminum plate (element substitute) placed on the sealant layer of the backsheet (sealant-integrated back surface protection sheet) and sealed to cover this aluminum plate.
- the agent sheets were laminated, and finally the light-receiving side transparent plate was laminated.
- a float glass with a thickness of 3 mm was prepared as a light-receiving side transparent plate.
- a back surface protection sheet (back sheet)
- a sealant integrated back surface protection sheet (sealing material integrated base material) in which a 0.3 mm thick sealant layer was laminated on a 125 ⁇ m thick PET film was prepared.
- the sealant layer of this backsheet is composed of the dried coating films of the coating compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- dry coating films (0.3 mm) of the coating compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were prepared as sealant sheets.
- Each laminated body in which the sealing agent layers of the sealing agent sheet and the back sheet were respectively composed of the dried coating films of the coating compositions obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was vacuum-treated at 130 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- a solar cell module simulation sample was obtained by heating and pressing.
- the present invention in the assembly process of the solar cell module, without causing the problem that the plasticized sealant protrudes to the outer peripheral portion and adheres to the assembly device and becomes dirty. It is possible to provide a solar cell sealant sheet and a sealant-integrated base material that enable sealing and sealing of elements.
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Abstract
Description
この問題は、EVA系樹脂シートを封止剤層としてバックシートに積層させた構成の封止剤シート一体型バックシートにおいても同様であり、抜本的な解決には結びついていなかった。
本発明の課題は、太陽電池モジュールのアッセンブリ工程において、可塑化状態の封止剤が外周部にはみ出してアッセンブリ装置に付着して汚すという問題を生じさせることなしに、太陽電池素子の封止接着を可能とする、太陽電池用封止剤シートおよび封止剤一体型基材を提供することにある。
エポキシ基を有する3級アミン化合物と有機酸とを加えて4級化されたアンモニウム基を有する樹脂を分散剤として、アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含むモノマー混合物を乳化重合させることにより得られ、その塗膜の加熱硬化後の硬度(B)が鉛筆硬度で4B以上となり、かつ加熱前硬度(A)と加熱硬化後の硬度(B)との硬度比(B/A)が1.1倍以上となる水溶性熱硬化性樹脂分散塗料の塗膜から構成されていることを特徴とする太陽電池用封止剤シート。
エポキシ基を有する3級アミン化合物と有機酸とを加えて4級化されたアンモニウム基を有する樹脂を分散剤として、アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含むモノマー混合物を乳化重合させて得られ、その塗膜の加熱硬化後の硬度(B)が鉛筆硬度で4B以上となり、かつ加熱前硬度(A)と加熱硬化後の硬度(B)との硬度比(B/A)が1.1倍以上となる水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子塗料の塗膜が封止剤として前記基材の太陽電池素子側の面に一体に積層されていることを特徴とする太陽電池用封止剤一体型基材。
上述の塗膜を形成する塗料は、水溶性熱硬化性樹脂分散塗料である。該塗料には、分散剤として、エポキシ基を有する樹脂に3級アミン化合物と有機酸とを加えて4級化した、アンモニウム性基を有する樹脂を用いる。そして、この分散剤に、アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含むモノマー混合物を乳化重合することにより水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子を得る。得られた水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子を固形分量で3~20質量%含有するようにしてアルコキシシラン系塗料を形成する。得られた塗料が本発明に用いる水溶性熱硬化性樹脂分散塗料である。
また、上記塗膜を用いた場合では、太陽電池モジュールをアッセンブリする際の真空圧空成形での加熱により塗膜が一旦可塑化してから硬化される過程で、塗膜の硬化不足を生じることがない。したがって、上記塗膜を用いることにより、従来の封止剤シートを用いた場合に生じていたようなシートの硬化不足で融けて溢れ出た接着樹脂が可塑化状態で成形装置のアセンブリ盤面に付着して汚すというような事態を防止することができる。
参考文献:K.W.Suh,D.H.Clarke J.Polymer.Sci.,A-1,5,1671(1967)
反応容器にブチルセルソルブ120部を入れ、120℃に加熱攪拌した。ここに、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート2部およびブチルセルソルブ10部を混合した開始剤溶液と、グリシジルメタクリレート19部、2-エチルヘキシルメタクリレート60部、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート20部およびn-ブチルメタクリレート1部からなる溶解性パラメーターが10.1であるモノマーとを同時に3時間で滴下した。30分間エージングした後、t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート0.5部およびブチルセルソルブ5部を混合した溶液を30分で滴下し、2時間のエージングを行った後、冷却した。
反応容器に、2,4-/2,6-トリレンジイソシアネート(重量比=8/2)54.0部、メチルイソブチルケトン(以下、MIBKという)136部およびジブチル錫ジラウレート0.5部を加えた。ここに、室温でメタノール10.9部を添加したところ、発熱により系内の温度は60℃まで昇温した。その後30分間反応を継続した後に、エチレングリコールモノ-2-エチルヘキシルエーテル54部を1時間かけて滴下した。反応は、主に60~65℃の範囲で行い、IRスペクトルを測定しながらイソシアネート基が消失するまで継続した。
反応容器に、3-イソシアナトメチル-3,5,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシルイソシアネート222部、MIBK55.5部を、70℃に加熱した。内容物を均一に溶解させた後、メチルエチルケトオキシム17.4部を2時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、70℃を保持し、IR分析によりイソシアネート基が消失するまで反応させ、ブロックイソシアネート硬化剤を得た。
(樹脂分散液A1)
反応容器に、製造例1で製造したアンモニウム基を有するアクリル樹脂20部と脱イオン水270部とを加え、75℃で加熱攪拌した。この樹脂分散液に、2,2’-アゾビス(2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン)1.5部の酢酸100%中和水溶液を5分かけて滴下した。得られた混合樹脂分散液を5分間エージングした後、メチルメタクリレート30部を5分かけて滴下した。この混合樹脂分散液をさらに5分間エージングした。エージング後の混合樹脂分散液を樹脂分散液A1と記す。
製造例1で製造したアンモニウム基を有するアクリル樹脂70部と脱イオン水250部とを混合して樹脂分散液B1aを得た。この樹脂分散液B1aとは別に、メチルメタクリレート170部、スチレン40部、n-ブチルメタクリレート30部、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン30部、およびラウリルメルカプタン1部を混合撹拌して、混合樹脂分散液(アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含むモノマー混合物)B1bを得た。上記樹脂分散液B1aに前記混合樹脂分散液B1bを加えて攪拌してプレエマルションを得た。このプレエマルションを樹脂分散液B1と記す。
(樹脂分散液A2)
反応容器に、製造例1で製造したアンモニウム基を有するアクリル樹脂20部と脱イオン水270部とを加え、75℃で加熱攪拌した。この樹脂分散液に、2,2’-アゾビス(2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン)1部の酢酸100%中和水溶液を5分かけて滴下した。得られた混合樹脂分散液を5分間エージングした後、メチルメタクリレート30部を5分かけて滴下した。この混合樹脂分散液をさらに5分間エージングした。エージング後の混合樹脂分散液を樹脂分散液A2と記す。
製造例1で製造したアンモニウム基を有するアクリル樹脂70部と脱イオン水270部とを混合して樹脂分散液B2aを得た。この樹脂分散液B2aとは別に、メチルメタクリレート150部、スチレン35部、n-ブチルメタクリレート25部、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン60部、およびラウリルメルカプタン1部を混合撹拌して、混合樹脂分散液(アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマー混合物)B2bを得た。上記樹脂分散液B2aに前記混合樹脂分散液B2bを加えて攪拌して得られたプレエマルションを得た。このプレエマルションを樹脂分散液B2と記す。
製造例4において、混合樹脂分散液(アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマー混合物)B1bの組成を、メチルメタクリレート150部、スチレン35部、n-ブチルアクリレート55部、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン30部、およびラウリルメルカプタン1部からなる組成に変更したこと以外は同様にして、水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液AB3を得た。得られた水性樹脂粒子分散液AB3の不揮発分は38%、pHは5.0、レーザー光散乱法により測定された平均粒子径は90nmであった。
製造例4において、混合樹脂分散液(アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマー混合物)B1bの組成を、メチルメタクリレート150部、スチレン35部、n-ブチルメタクリレート55部、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン30部、ラウリルメルカプタン1部、ラウリルアルコール40部からなる組成に変更したこと以外は同様にして、水性樹脂粒子分散液AB4を得た。得られた水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液AB4の不揮発分は38%、pHは5.0、レーザー光散乱法により測定された平均粒子径は90nmであった。
製造例4において、混合樹脂分散液(アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマー混合物)B1bの組成を、アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含まない組成である、メチルメタクリレート160部、スチレン45部、n-ブチルメタクリレート65部、ラウリルメルカプタン1部からなる組成に変更したこと以外は同様にして、比較用水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液C1を得た。得られた比較用水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液C1の不揮発分は38%、pHは5.0、レーザー光散乱法により測定された平均粒子径は90nmであった。
製造例5において、混合樹脂分散液(アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマー混合物)B2bの組成を、メチルメタクリレート165部、スチレン30部、n-ブチルメタクリレート25部、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン30部、およびネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート25部からなる組成に変更したこと以外は同様にして、比較用水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液C2を得た。得られた比較用水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液C2の不揮発分は38%、pHは5.0、レーザー光散乱法により測定された平均粒子径は90nmであった。
製造例2および3でそれぞれ得られた基体樹脂およびブロックイソシアネート硬化剤を固形分配合比75:25で均一に混合した後、溶剤を固形分に対して3%になる量を添加した。さらに氷酢酸を加えて中和率43%となるように中和した後、イオン交換水を加えてゆっくり希釈した。次いで、固形分が36%となるよう、減圧下でMIBKを除去することにより、メインエマルションを得た。
実施例1において、水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液を製造例5~7で得られた分散液AB2,AB3,AB4にそれぞれ変更した以外は同様にして、水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子を含むアルコキシシラン系塗料組成物(水溶性熱硬化性樹脂分散塗料)P2,P3,P4を調製した。
実施例1において、水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液AB1を製造例8で得られたアルコキシシリル基を含まない比較用水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液C1および製造例9で得られた比較用水溶性熱硬化性樹脂粒子分散液C2にそれぞれ変更した以外は同様にして、2種類の比較用の塗料組成物Pc1,Pc2を調製した。
アルコキシシランのグラフト重合物または共重合物を、押出し機を用いてエチレン系樹脂を芯材とされた積層シートとしたシートからなる従来の封止剤シートの性能を以下のようにして確認した。
実施例1~4および比較例1~3で得られた塗料組成物を用いて、太陽電池素子を封止した場合の封止性能を評価した。
太陽電池素子の代替として0.3mm厚さのアルミニウム板を使用し、下記のようにして評価用の太陽電池モジュール模擬サンプルを組み立てた。
(1)サンシャインウェザーメーターによる2000時間静置処理
(2)85℃、85%RH雰囲気中における2000時間静置処理(JIS C8917に準ずる)
(3)23℃の水酸化ナトリウム10%水溶液中で200時間静置処理(JIS K7114に準ずる)
上記(1)(2)(3)の各処理後、目視で、封止剤の黄変・亀裂・発泡の有無(評価(ii))、ガラス板および裏面保護シート(バックシート)からの封止剤の剥離の有無(評価(iii))、アルミニウム板の腐食の有無(評価(iv))の3種各6項目計18項目について、処理前と比較して下記の優、良、及び不良の3段階評価を行った。その結果を(表1)および(表2)に示した。
良:18項目の比較において僅かな変化が生じたものが11項目以上であるが、大きな変化は無い。
不良:18項目の比較において大きな変化が1項目以上ある。
2 裏面保護シート(バックシート)
3 太陽電池素子
4 封止剤
Claims (6)
- 受光側透明板および裏面保護シートの二種の基材間に太陽電池素子を封止するための熱硬化性の太陽電池用封止剤シートであって、
エポキシ基を有する3級アミン化合物と有機酸とを加えて4級化されたアンモニウム基を有する樹脂を分散剤として、アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含むモノマー混合物を乳化重合させることにより得られ、その塗膜の加熱硬化後の硬度(B)が鉛筆硬度で4B以上となり、かつ加熱前硬度(A)と加熱硬化後の硬度(B)との硬度比(B/A)が1.1倍以上となる水溶性熱硬化性樹脂分散塗料の塗膜から構成されていることを特徴とする太陽電池用封止剤シート。 - 前記塗膜の厚みが、30μm~400μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池用封止剤シート。
- 受光側透明板および裏面保護シートの2種の基材間に太陽電池素子が封止剤により封止されてなる太陽電池モジュールを形成するための封止剤一体型基材であって、
エポキシ基を有する3級アミン化合物と有機酸とを加えて4級化されたアンモニウム基を有する樹脂を分散剤として、アルコキシシリル基を有するα,β-エチレン性不飽和モノマーを含むモノマー混合物を乳化重合させて得られ、その塗膜の加熱硬化後の硬度(B)が鉛筆硬度で4B以上となり、かつ加熱前硬度(A)と加熱硬化後の硬度(B)との硬度比(B/A)が1.1倍以上となる水溶性熱硬化性樹脂分散塗料の塗膜が封止剤として前記基材の太陽電池素子側の面に一体に積層されていることを特徴とする太陽電池用封止剤一体型基材。 - 前記封止剤が一体に積層された基材が受光側透明板であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の太陽電池用封止剤一体型基材。
- 前記封止剤が一体に積層された基材が裏面保護シートであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の太陽電池用封止剤一体型基材。
- 前記塗膜の厚みが、30μm~400μmであることを特徴とする請求項3~5のいずれか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止剤一体型基材。
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| KR1020127000978A KR101290225B1 (ko) | 2009-07-15 | 2010-07-12 | 태양 전지용 밀봉제 시트 및 밀봉제 일체형 기재 |
| JP2010549976A JP4709330B2 (ja) | 2009-07-15 | 2010-07-12 | 太陽電池用封止剤シートおよび封止剤一体型基材 |
| CN2010800316095A CN102473771A (zh) | 2009-07-15 | 2010-07-12 | 太阳能电池用密封剂片和密封剂一体型基材 |
| US13/383,285 US20120167985A1 (en) | 2009-07-15 | 2010-07-12 | Solar cell sealant sheet and sealant-integrated substrate |
| EP10799824A EP2455979A1 (en) | 2009-07-15 | 2010-07-12 | Sealing agent sheet for solar cells and sealing agent-integrated base material |
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| JP2009-166615 | 2009-07-15 | ||
| JP2009166615 | 2009-07-15 |
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| JP (1) | JP4709330B2 (ja) |
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| CN104521007A (zh) * | 2012-03-14 | 2015-04-15 | Ppg工业俄亥俄公司 | 保护涂层封装的光伏模块及其制作方法 |
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| CN111910860A (zh) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-10 | 安徽山水空间装饰有限责任公司 | 一种墙纸铺贴方法 |
| JP6924887B1 (ja) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-08-25 | ジョジアン ジンコ ソーラー カンパニー リミテッド | 光起電力モジュール |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07263722A (ja) * | 1994-03-22 | 1995-10-13 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | 半導体素子用コーテイング材 |
| JP2005162916A (ja) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-23 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 水性樹脂粒子およびこれを含むカチオン電着塗料組成物 |
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| JP5052714B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-09 | 2012-10-17 | 三菱樹脂株式会社 | 接着性シート、太陽電池充填材用シート及びそれを用いた太陽電池 |
| ES2370009T3 (es) * | 2006-08-22 | 2011-12-09 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Composición endurecible. |
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2010
- 2010-07-12 EP EP10799824A patent/EP2455979A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-07-12 CN CN2010800316095A patent/CN102473771A/zh active Pending
- 2010-07-12 US US13/383,285 patent/US20120167985A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-07-12 KR KR1020127000978A patent/KR101290225B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-12 WO PCT/JP2010/061802 patent/WO2011007766A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07263722A (ja) * | 1994-03-22 | 1995-10-13 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | 半導体素子用コーテイング材 |
| JP2005162916A (ja) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-23 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 水性樹脂粒子およびこれを含むカチオン電着塗料組成物 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104521007A (zh) * | 2012-03-14 | 2015-04-15 | Ppg工业俄亥俄公司 | 保护涂层封装的光伏模块及其制作方法 |
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| US20120167985A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
| KR20120030534A (ko) | 2012-03-28 |
| KR101290225B1 (ko) | 2013-07-30 |
| JPWO2011007766A1 (ja) | 2012-12-27 |
| EP2455979A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
| CN102473771A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
| JP4709330B2 (ja) | 2011-06-22 |
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