WO2011038576A1 - 一种废橡胶热再生的方法 - Google Patents

一种废橡胶热再生的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011038576A1
WO2011038576A1 PCT/CN2010/001535 CN2010001535W WO2011038576A1 WO 2011038576 A1 WO2011038576 A1 WO 2011038576A1 CN 2010001535 W CN2010001535 W CN 2010001535W WO 2011038576 A1 WO2011038576 A1 WO 2011038576A1
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Prior art keywords
rubber
waste
powder
heating
oil
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈汇宏
胡嘉庆
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Individual
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Priority to US13/499,047 priority Critical patent/US20120184634A1/en
Priority to EP10819805.2A priority patent/EP2484720A4/en
Publication of WO2011038576A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011038576A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/12Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/66Recycling the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7476Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants
    • B29B7/7495Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants for mixing rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/823Temperature control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/885Adding charges, i.e. additives with means for treating, e.g. milling, the charges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L17/00Compositions of reclaimed rubber
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2319/00Characterised by the use of rubbers not provided for in groups C08J2307/00 - C08J2317/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2321/00Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003Waste materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention proposes a method of thermal regeneration of waste rubber, and the present invention belongs to the technical domain of waste rubber recycling processing and utilization.
  • the waste tires are treated by traditional crushing, separation, high temperature sulfur reduction, normal temperature refining, or the so-called thermal regeneration technology of the latest crushing, separation, high temperature paste or remixing into the paste slurry, although nylon is still present.
  • the fiber skeleton is polluted with low value, the softener toxin harms the environment, and the material recovery rate is low after the rubber material is regenerated.
  • the process is treated with this thermal regeneration technology, because the rubber hydrocarbon chain is heated by high temperature.
  • thermal regeneration of rubber is very popular among many downstream users who emphasize the elongation of products. It seems that the thermal regeneration technology of waste rubber has been improved and improved to meet the universal indicators of sustainable development, that is, the waste rubber thermal regeneration technology including waste tires, so that it meets the "full amount, green, high The value and energy-saving "four-flag parallel resource recycling requirements" can revitalize the thermal regeneration industry of waste rubber.
  • the system puts forward the literature on the four-flag parallel resource recycling scheme of “full amount, green, high value and energy saving” for waste tires, and the first Chinese patent application (200810083330. 6).
  • This solution is implemented by a combination of various utilization processes for waste rubber products including waste tires, and the recycling process that is originally independent and competitively implemented becomes a proportional cooperative implementation process.
  • the waste tire recycling scheme no longer generates low-value nylon skeleton fibers, and there is no longer a problem of low-value thermal cracking carbon black.
  • the high-value products obtained include: steel wire, waste tire thermal cracking fuel oil or its fractionated oil product
  • the carbon black mixture of 100 mesh powder of waste tire rubber and thermal cracking of waste tire is a so-called ultrafine rubber powder master batch.
  • the program also combines the use of waste tire rubber with the process of using ordinary fuel oil and gas to produce ordinary carbon black by thermal cracking, so that the energy consumption process of discharging a by-product and the process of consuming energy by using a by-product are organic. Combine.
  • the scheme is biased toward the varieties that do not undergo fine-melting of the rolls, and the thermal regeneration process of waste rubber such as waste tires with high elongation is not improved by itself.
  • the scheme cannot include the so-called thermal process in which 5 to 40 mesh sieve powders have been used to prepare reclaimed rubber through high temperature sulfur reduction and room temperature refining processes.
  • the tire rubber powder used in the 40 mesh sieve is added with the specified component softener of 21-30% by weight of the rubber powder, and placed in a pressure-resistant heating stirred tank. ⁇ 260°C, 2. 6-3. 0MPa, less than 1 hour of heat regeneration treatment in the tank inner heat preservation, the rubber powder which is loose cake after cooling the can is refined by roller, and the tear strength is obtained at 12 ⁇ 18 MPa high strength recycled rubber products.
  • the softener used in this application only includes solid coal tar, which is a foul odorous fouling softener.
  • the tire rubber powder of the 20-mesh sieve is added, and the weight of the rubber powder is 20. 54 ⁇ 25. 1% of the specified component softener, and placed in a pressure-resistant heating stirred tank. Inside, the steam is heated to a temperature of 0.6 ⁇ 1.0MPa and 20-40 minutes, and the rubber powder in the form of loose cake is cooled and refined by a roller to obtain a tearing strength of 15 ⁇ 16 MPa. High-strength recycled rubber products.
  • the softeners used in this application include only tall oil, coal tar pitch, etc., and are odorous contaminating softeners.
  • the adjustable pressure chamber is adapted to various sizes of rubber powder
  • b one large one small counter-rotating screw Shear force is formed in the anhydrous state
  • c friction generates self-heating moment and shearing force
  • d sealed space water cooling
  • e S additive accelerates the thermal oxygen depolymerization process, and the protection is not cracked by high temperature.
  • the heat received by the rubber is derived from the friction generated by the motor.
  • the heat cost must be greater than the direct heating of the fuel or the heat utilization of the waste heat.
  • the application is not for the S additive and the self-report.
  • the product above the national standard has a clear and detailed description, and the mechanical schematic diagram of the counter-rotating screw is not clear. Therefore, the degree of disclosure of the application does not reach the point where the ordinary technician can reproduce the effect of the invention without creative labor.
  • Recycled rubber products obtained from thermal recycling of waste rubber such as waste tires are applied in downstream rubber product formulations, according to "Rubber Products Practical Formula Encyclopedia” (Xie Zhonglin, Yang Minfang, Chemical Industry Press, Materials Science and Engineering Publishing Center) Issued, 2nd edition, February 2004)
  • the formulas listed are statistically summarized to show that their application characteristics are - at least 95% of the application in downstream formulation applications, using recycled rubber that meets the so-called national standard, plus new Rubber, reinforcing agent, filler, softener and other materials, after repeated powdering and rubberizing.
  • the existing recycled rubber production technology generally does not pay attention to the advantages of using high-temperature treated granular or paste-like materials to facilitate low-energy consumption of mixed powder, and maximize the development of downstream applications.
  • Recycled rubber products that can reduce the consumption of high-powered powder and rubber, that is, the existing recycled rubber production technology does not contain environmentally friendly, so that the resulting products in the downstream formulation application, how to maximize the replacement of recycled rubber and softener Technical solutions for the assembly of powder excipients, and there are serious over-repetition problems in the recycling and recycling of waste rubber in the industrial chain.
  • the combined equipment used is not equipped with a large amount of powder auxiliary material with high flying pollution because it does not require a large amount of powder auxiliary material with high flying pollution.
  • the feeding mechanism adopts manual open operation when adding materials to the dynamic tank, and the materials after high temperature treatment are open discharges directly exposed to the air, so the materials in and out are all There is serious environmental pollution.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for thermal regeneration of waste rubber in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • thermal regeneration is a new process of thermal regeneration improvement (hereinafter referred to as new process A) provided by the present invention for the defects of the existing thermal regeneration rubber technology.
  • new process A adding environmentally-friendly high-dose softeners or / and high-dose powder accessories, not only for high-grade waste rubber such as waste tires, but also suitable for low-grade products
  • the high quality of waste rubber is effectively utilized; the process makes full use of the state of easy-to-eat powder such as rubber particles and glue, which can reduce or avoid the degradation of rubber hydrocarbons by high-temperature air, and can remove high-energy roller.
  • the refining process can avoid excessive processing of current technology;
  • modified waste rubber regeneration process A can be combined with the known waste rubber thermal cracking process B or with the known fuel and gas by thermal cracking to prepare ordinary carbon black process C, and can also be thermally regenerated.
  • the rubber process realizes the four-flag parallel resource recycling of waste rubber products such as waste tires with "full amount, green, high value and energy saving".
  • Another object of the present invention is: to provide a special combination device for carrying out the method of the invention, which has the advantage that it can be adapted to the cleaning of multi-species compositions incorporating environmentally friendly high-dose softeners or/and high-dose powdered excipients. Energy-saving production can avoid or inhibit the violent degradation of rubber hydrocarbons in high-temperature materials by oxygen in the air.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a regrown rubber-containing composition product obtained by the method of the present invention and use thereof, the composition product having the advantages that: the product component can cover and replace the rubber product formulation The collection of materials consisting of recycled rubber and softeners and powder accessories; the product is less dusty or dust-free during use and greatly reduces the time and energy consumption of the rubber.
  • the present invention first proposes the following technical idea around the three objectives of the present invention:
  • the waste rubber thermal regeneration process in the first object of the present invention is improved, and a new process of waste rubber regeneration is obtained.
  • the thermal regeneration process of waste rubber should be able to retain 5 ⁇ 40 mesh coarse powder heating and downstream blending products to maintain the core features of low hardness and high elongation;
  • the improved regeneration process A should have new features.
  • the new features include at least: Adding ingredients to the equipment can be cleaned, so that the process equipment can adapt to the environmentally-friendly high-dose softener or / And the production of multi-variety composition of high-dose powder excipients, the regenerative formula can cover the materials set by the recycled rubber and softeners and powder excipients in the rubber product formula, realize environmental transformation, and can also be suitable for low-grade waste rubber. Effective use and other characteristics;
  • New process of regeneration A In the process of treatment, the principle of excessive degradation of the rubber hydrocarbon chain caused by the coexistence of oxygen and heat is avoided.
  • the waste rubber can be added to the temperature and the heat discharge after heat treatment under anaerobic conditions;
  • the core is a combination device A for implementing a new process A for waste rubber regeneration:
  • the feeding unit of the mixing or mixing cooling operation of the hot mixing material or the feeding port of the combined machine is provided with a sealing mechanical system for supplying the coarse rubber powder or/and the auxiliary agent and the powder auxiliary material;
  • a heating device is arranged in the combination device A;
  • a hybrid device is provided in the combination device A;
  • a cooling device is arranged in the combined device A;
  • a compounding device can be provided in the combination device A;
  • a material conveying device may be disposed in the combined device A;
  • a metering device can be set in the combination device A;
  • the combination equipment A can be equipped with airtight, soundproof and air venting devices to meet the environmental protection requirements of clean production; 17.
  • the combined device A can be equipped with an automated control circuit system to improve processing efficiency.
  • a composition product comprising a regenerated rubber and a softener, a powder excipient obtained by the method, comprising: a pyrolysis carbon black having at least one product in which a waste rubber such as a waste tire is blended; the composition product, Environmentally-friendly high-dose softeners or/and high-dose powdered excipients must be added to the ingredients; softeners used in all varieties of composition products do not include coal tar, pine tar, tall oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon oil, etc.
  • the material of the resulting composition, and the raw material of the waste rubber product used are one or more combinations including, but not limited to, tires, tire capsules, inner tubes, cable rubbers, hoses, rubber shoes, product trims, and the like.
  • composition product obtained by the method described above in place of or in place of a collection of a formulation material consisting of a reconstituted rubber, a softener, and a powder excipient in a downstream rubber product formulation.
  • a method for determining the general quality of the product can be applied to a national standard for recycled rubber.
  • the “thermal regeneration” is the process A, including: the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder/environmental softener/powder auxiliary material according to the formula "5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieve" is in the range of 100/8 ⁇ 150/20 ⁇ 1500
  • the feed is added to the stirring heater at one time, first by anaerobic heating, then introduced into the stirring cooler, cooled to below 10 CTC, and the product is discharged; or some or all of the powder auxiliary materials in the formula feeding are taken out.
  • Slow-injection before the first-injection part of the mixing heater is discharged, the powdered auxiliary material is added to the heater for mixing, or / and when the hot material is introduced into the stirring cooler, it is added.
  • the mixture is cooled to below 100'C, and the product is discharged.
  • the formula is directly introduced into the screw extruder and extruded through 200 ° C ⁇ 30 (TC heating, mixing section, cooling The temperature of the material is below 10 CTC, and the product is discharged;
  • Representative varieties include at least - environmentally friendly rubber-filled oil, naphthenic oil, motor oil, paraffin oil, white oil, petrolatum, third-line oil, six-line oil, transformer oil, low molecular polyolefin wax, dioctyl phthalate Ester, dibutyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, dioctyl succinate, diethylene glycol, C4 ⁇ 18 fatty acids, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, soapstock, vegetable oil
  • the environmentally-friendly rubber filling oil mentioned above is a superior product name.
  • the quality of the environmentally-friendly rubber filling oil on the market is:
  • the polycyclic aromatic compound content in the product is not more than 3% (wt), and the content is
  • the variety and quantity of cyclic aromatic compounds comply with EU Directive 2005/69/EC; the main components of such oils on the market today are mixtures of mineral oils such as naphthenic oils or/and aromatic oils, as well as manufacturers themselves.
  • the environmentally friendly softener is added in an amount of 8 to 150% by weight of the waste rubber coarse powder.
  • the present invention is referred to as a high dose.
  • the selected material of the softener is matched with the rubber type of the waste rubber material, and the well-known similar compatibility principle is observed.
  • the most representative varieties include at least: rubber reinforcing agent, including but not limited to: carbon black, such as: waste rubber and other waste rubber Secondary regenerated carbon black obtained by thermal cracking treatment, primary carbon black obtained by using oil and combustible gas, carbon black prepared by using crop straw and shell; carbon fiber, white carbon black, ultrafine calcium carbonate One or more combinations;
  • rubber reinforcing agent including but not limited to: carbon black, such as: waste rubber and other waste rubber Secondary regenerated carbon black obtained by thermal cracking treatment, primary carbon black obtained by using oil and combustible gas, carbon black prepared by using crop straw and shell; carbon fiber, white carbon black, ultrafine calcium carbonate One or more combinations;
  • fly ash including but not limited to: fly ash, calcium carbonate, fiber, graphite, heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, kaolin, acid clay, bentonite, clay, attapulgite, slate powder , quartz stone, vermiculite, brucite, aluminum hydroxide, dolomite, gypsum, calcite, feldspar, bismuth, montmorillonite, perlite, opal, diatomaceous earth, mica, pulverized coal, slate Any one or a combination of more than one;
  • powdering materials for rubber including but not limited to: zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, rubber powder passing through 100 mesh sieve, and any mixture of waste rubber thermal cracking carbon black or/and filler powder, powder accelerator Or a combination of more than one.
  • the powder auxiliary material is added in an amount of 20 to 1500% by weight of the waste rubber coarse powder.
  • the present invention is referred to as a high dose.
  • the above-mentioned powder excipients which are not marked with the fineness of the material are generally at least 200 mesh (of course, it is fine).
  • the cleaning process is performed by the cleaning operation, which may include: in the feeding process, the waste rubber coarse powder material including the 5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieve and the environmental softener or the powder auxiliary material , introducing a feeding operation process in a closed stirring heater, or introducing the heat-treated material into another sealed stirring cooler, and adding a softener and a powder auxiliary material to the closed stirring cooler,
  • the closed operation is carried out; the sealing is carried out by feeding with a closed package or by using a closed mechanical feed.
  • the feeding process uses manual feeding with a closed package instead of a closed mechanical operation. Applicable to materials without serious pollution), especially in closed mechanical operation.
  • the chemical antioxidant representative varieties include at least: oxalic acid, oxalate, Hydroquinone, tert-butyl cresol, dimercaptohydroquinone, alkyl p-aminophenol, tetrakis[ ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl 4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, ⁇ ( a combination of one or more of 3,5-) di-tert-butyl 4-hydroxy-phenyl) octadecyl propionate;
  • a preferred anaerobic scheme is the full implementation of the anaerobic measure as described above;
  • the representative operation of the "heating" operation includes at least: a table pressure of 0. 0 ⁇ 3. 0MPa, heating to 160 ° C ⁇ 260 ° C, stirring the material in the range of 160 ° C ⁇ 260 ° C, ⁇ 0. 1 ⁇ 0.
  • the temperature of the heating operation is suitably increased, such as the temperature of the heating operation is increased, for example, to 180 ° C ⁇ 300 ° C, the stirring, heat preservation, residence time is shortened accordingly, such as to shrink to 0. 1 ⁇ 0. 5 hours, or the temperature of this heating operation is appropriately reduced, such as to 14 (TC ⁇ 18 (TC, the stirring, holding, retention time correspondingly extended, such as extended to 0. 3 ⁇ 4 hours, etc. are also feasible;
  • the "heating” may be a batch or continuous operation depending on the heating unit or combination equipment selected.
  • the waste rubber regenerated product obtained from Process A contains waste rubber pyrolysis carbon black or/and filler from Process B, or / and Process A is prepared in waste tires 5 to 40 mesh
  • the miscellaneous waste nylon or/and the waste waste steel fiber discharged from the pre-processing of the coarse rubber powder is supplied to the process B as a raw material, or/and the fuel oil or/and the combustible gas obtained by the process B is supplied.
  • Process C is used as a carbon source or fuel; or/and the cement-like waste rubber regenerated product obtained from Process A is supplied to Process C as a granulation binder for replacing molasses or/and tall oil as a common carbon black;
  • the electrical energy and/or thermal energy used in Process A contains the heat of combustion obtained from the combustible or/and fuel oil of Process B, or contains the electrical energy recovered from the flue gas from Process C or / and residual heat.
  • a method for thermally regenerating or thermally cracking waste rubber or recombining with ordinary carbon black according to the technical solution 1 is a perfect connection after restoring the core characteristics of the waste rubber thermal regeneration process. Program.
  • the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder/environmental softener/powder auxiliary material over 5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieve is 100 /8 ⁇ 150/20 ⁇ 1500 range, among which the preferred "waste rubber coarse powder / environmentally friendly softener / powder auxiliary" feed weight ratio, including but not limited to the following intervals: 100/8-30/50- 150, 100/8-30/150-300, 100/30-50/20-50, 100/30-50/50-300, 100/30 ⁇ 150/20 ⁇ 50, 100/30 ⁇ 50/50 ⁇ 150, 100/30-150/50-1500;
  • the waste rubber described in the technical solution (1-a) is selected from waste rubber products and waste materials in the production process of new products, the rubber products, the most representative
  • the at least one of the following includes: a tire of a vehicle, a tire inner tube, a water tire capsule, a sole, a cable rubber, a miscellaneous piece or a combination of more than one; the miscellaneous parts, according to the industry classification, at least: , rubber sheets, hoses, seals, rubber gloves, etc.
  • the environmentally-friendly softener and powder excipient in the above formula are treated according to the above-mentioned range of inclusion and dosage definition, and other known additives in the waste rubber treatment formulation can be treated according to known techniques.
  • thermo recovery can be used to recover fuel oil, combustible gas, steel wire and carbon black or / and filler, recovered carbon black or / and filler, can
  • the ingredients described in the above scheme 1 may be filled in a composition product containing regenerated rubber;
  • ( 1- k-2) can be used to reduce the rubber content of less than 20% or / and mixed low-grade waste rubber, by first making 5 ⁇ 40 mesh sieve coarse rubber powder, using the ingredients described in the above scheme 1 and The treatment is made into a composition product containing recycled rubber;
  • (1 - k_3) which can be made from one or more combinations of waste all-steel radial tires, semi-steel radial tires, bias tires, bicycle tires, motorcycle tires, human trailer tires, and agricultural tires;
  • the combination device A of the process A according to the first aspect of the invention characterized in that: the feed of the unit machine or combination machine (2-1) for performing the mixing or/and heating operation on the waste rubber formulation On the mouth, or / and the heat-treated discharge of the waste rubber formulation, the feed or combination machine (2 - 2) of the mixing and cooling or / and powder cooling operation is provided with a closed distribution machine ( 2- 3), the dispensing machine is preferably an automatic dispensing machine;
  • a more perfect setting can be further added, which is specifically described as follows: a unit or a combination machine having a kettle or a tank or a tank which is sealed, stirred, heated or added with a pressure resistance function ( 2 - 1 ), in the lower discharge port of the above (2-1), a unit or a combination machine (2-2) having a kettle or a tank or a tank which is sealed, stirred, cooled, or pressure-resistant is provided.
  • the combination device A may also be provided with one or more combinations listed below - at the lower outlet of the unit or combination equipment (2-1), and then with a closed series of filter or finishing screw And other known unit machinery (2-1-1) [in order to remove the hard coarse particle impurities still present in the material after heat treatment, and then introduce the further decontaminated material into the stirring, cooling or re-powdering operation.
  • an absorption unit or combination machine (2-1) or / and (2-2) exhaust gas absorption and / or reuse device (2-9) discharged while storing hot materials;
  • the setting can use the system (2-10);
  • the "unit machine or combination machine (2-1)" for carrying out the mixing or/and heating operation described in the second aspect, that is, the "stirring heater” described in the first aspect of the invention, may be selected from one of the following listed machines or One or more combinations: Closed dynamic heating desulfurization tank for waste rubber recycling with gap operation, closed agitated heating desulfurization tube for continuous operation of waste rubber regeneration, chemical-purpose closed-type stirring heating kettle for gap operation, gap operation The asphalt rubber powder is modified by a closed stirring heating kettle;
  • the "unit machinery or combination machine (2-2)" which implements the stirring cooling or/and the powder cooling operation described in the second aspect, that is, the “stirring cooler” described in the first aspect of the invention, may be selected from the following mechanical One or more combinations,
  • the compounding machine (2-3) having the supply of the coarse rubber powder or/and the auxiliary agent and the powder auxiliary material may be one or a combination of the following types of machinery:
  • the rubber unit machinery (2-4) having the functions of rolling or/and masticating or/and kneading may be selected from one or more of the following listed machines:
  • screw extruders eg single-screw extruder with jacket cooling, twin-screw extruder with jacket cooling, combined single screw extrusion with jacket cooling
  • Machine combined double with jacket cooling Screw extruder, etc.
  • the unit machinery (2-5) equipped with the vigorous stirring of the powder material may be one or more combinations of the following listed machines:
  • the electric heating device or the fuel furnace device (2-6) provided with the heat energy may be one or a combination of the following listed machines:
  • the cooling device (2-7) having the heat removal can be selected from one or more of the following listed machines:
  • Water pipes, water pumps, air ducts, fans, water spray cooling towers, heat sinks, pilot valves, water storage tanks, etc.; the gas source device (2-8) with nitrogen supply can be selected from the following listed machines Kind or more combinations:
  • the above-mentioned apparatus for absorbing and absorbing and/or reusing (2-9) may be selected from one of the following listed machines or
  • the system (2-10) with residual heat utilization can be selected from one or more of the following listed machines.
  • It has a hot water cooling pipe, a circulation line for the sheet, and a pipe with residual hot water utilization.
  • the combination device A of the first embodiment which relates to a combination of the hot screw extruders (2-12), the hot screw extruder having one or the one listed below
  • the above combination settings are attached:
  • a water-cooling chamber device enclosed at the outlet of the hot screw extruder, characterized by: providing a water sprinkler or a water vapor pumping pipe at the upper portion of the water-cooling chamber device Providing a water discharge outlet or a water seal elbow in a lower portion of the water chamber cold chamber device, or a glass sealed observation window on a side of the water drama cold chamber device;
  • a mechanism for smashing the extruded rubber material on the discharge port of the hot screw extruder in the water chamber cold chamber device, a mechanism for smashing the extruded rubber material is provided, and the features include: extending coaxially outside the extruder screw On the shaft head, there is a rotary cutter which is rotated in the same direction, and the working power of the rotary cutter is driven by the screw of the extruder; or in the coaxial epitaxial line of the extruder screw, the same direction or the opposite rotation is set.
  • the smashing cutter head, the working power of the smashing cutter head is driven by another independent power shaft; or below the outlet of the extruder, a rotating smashing knife is provided, and the working power source of the smashing knives Driven by another independent power shaft;
  • the water-cooling chamber device according to the above (2-12-1), at the lower outlet thereof, is provided with a circulating coolant sealing pool, and the circulating cooling water-sealing pool is provided with a pool, a combination of one or more of a water pump, a cooling tower, a pipeline, and a valve;
  • the combination of the hot screw extruder (2- 12), wherein the hot screw extruder can be selected from any one or more of the following listed machines - single screw extrusion with wall heating Outlet, twin-screw extruder with wall heating, combined single-screw extruder with wall heating, combined twin-screw extruder with wall heating, etc.;
  • the discharge port is provided with rolling or/and mastication or/and mixing
  • the functional rubber unit machine (2-4) is also provided with an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device (2-6) provided with a thermal extrusion unit machine in the combined combination machine (2-12), and is also provided with A cooling device (2-7) with a heat removal (2-12) is provided, and an exhaust gas absorption/and/reuse device (2) equipped with a water-cooling device (2-12-1) is provided. 9).
  • the combination device A according to claim 2 may further comprise a combination device (2-13) for performing pretreatment processing on waste rubber products such as waste tires, and the combined equipment of the pretreatment processing (2-13)
  • a combination device (2-13) for performing pretreatment processing on waste rubber products such as waste tires and the combined equipment of the pretreatment processing (2-13)
  • waste rubber products such as waste tires
  • the combined equipment of the pretreatment processing (2-13) A variety of commercially available sets of waste rubber products such as waste tires can be selected and processed into a complete set of 5 ⁇ 40 mesh screens.
  • a B An integrated device with a mass transfer relationship between C, the features of which include at least one of the following:
  • the mechanism for separating at least the rubber-containing fibers and the steel wire skeleton by-products, or / and A to C to supply the rubbery waste rubber recycled product as an alternative to the waste molasses Or / and tall oil as a mechanism for granulating binder of ordinary carbon black, or / and B to provide a mechanism for combustible gas or / and pyrolysis oil to C;
  • the mechanism includes a conveying pipe, a conveyor belt, and a conveying vehicle
  • composition product containing recycled rubber obtained by any one of the technical parties 1 to 2 and its application.
  • the composition product characterized by (3- a-1 ) or (3- a-1 ) and (3- a-2), (3- a-3), (3- a- 4) Any one or more combinations:
  • the environmentally-friendly composition product containing recycled rubber wherein: the weight ratio of "waste rubber / environmentally friendly softener / powder auxiliary" is in the range of 100/8 ⁇ 150/20 ⁇ 1500, The weight ratio of "waste rubber / environmentally friendly softener / powder auxiliary", including but not limited to the following intervals:
  • weight ratio of "waste rubber coarse powder / environmentally friendly softener / powder auxiliary" including but not limited to - 100/8/50, 100/30/20, 100/30/50, 100/30/150 , 100/30/300, 100/50/20,
  • the softener in the product wherein the content of the polycyclic aromatic compound is at most 3% of the weight of the softener contained, and the variety of the polycyclic aromatic compound meets the requirements of the European Union Directive 2005/69/EC (for softening)
  • the limit of harmful impurities in the agent shall comply with this directive and the replacement order of this directive in the future.
  • the softener does not include any of polluting materials such as coal tar, pine tar, tall oil and aromatic oil;
  • At least one of the obtained products may be provided with secondary regenerated carbon black or/and a filler obtained by thermal cracking treatment of waste rubber such as waste tires;
  • the raw materials of waste rubber products used are, but not limited to: one or more of tires, water tire capsules, inner tubes, cable rubber, hoses, rubber shoes, miscellaneous rubber products.
  • the combination; ( 3- a- 4), the raw materials of waste rubber products used may also include: nitrile rubber waste products, ethylene propylene diene rubber waste products, halogenated butyl rubber waste products, or one kind of neoprene waste products More than one combination.
  • composition product including but not limited to: for tire tires, inner tubes, tire mats, precured tread rubber, hoses, conveyor tapes, transmission tapes, flooring products, soles , sleeper mat;
  • the powder mixing operation in the downstream rubberizing process can reduce or eliminate the dust pollution during the mixing operation.
  • the environmentally friendly composition products obtained by thermal regeneration and their applications can realize the environmental transformation of the collection of recycled rubber, softeners and powder accessories in the rubber product formulation.
  • the formulation of the thermal regeneration of waste rubber emphasizes that the operation can be carried out by using a closed machine, which is originally used in the rubber product enterprise for the rubber mixing process and in the feed, food and other industries.
  • the closed batching machine for mixing ingredients and the successful solution for its use are transplanted into the hot-recycling formula feeding operation of waste rubber.
  • the softening agent emphasizes environmental protection, and is anaerobicly heated in the heating section of the heating tank or the screw extruder together with the coarse rubber powder or the high-dose powder auxiliary material. This will reduce the capacity of the heating tank or the screw extruder and increase the energy consumption. The reason is that when the coarse rubber powder is accumulated in the heating tank, there are many voids in the material, and a high dose of softener or high is added. After the dosage of the powder auxiliary material, not only does the accumulation volume not increase or increase much, but the thermal conductivity of the material is greatly improved, and the softening, swelling temperature and heating time required for the coarse rubber powder are also greatly reduced. The same is true in the screw extruder. Although the total amount of treatment is increased, it is easier to be softened and swelled. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the discharge gap appropriately and adjust the speed of the material.
  • the powder auxiliary material also provides a technical solution for mixing the cooling paste or the sponge cake in the sealed cooling tank, and the technical solution not only accelerates the cooling rate of the cold material. Moreover, it fully utilizes the low mixing resistance characteristics of the material at this time, and reduces the high energy consumption of the downstream mixing; at the same time, it also changes the current technology to adopt the open type, the operation of discharging the high temperature tank in the workshop floor, and eliminating the hot glue. The material is seriously polluted by the air in the workshop, eliminating the intense scorching of the hot rubber by the oxygen-containing air. Moreover, it also provides convenience for the utilization of the equipment waste heat.
  • the product of the waste rubber regenerative composition obtained by the invention has obvious improvement ratio, the total amount of products and the number of varieties are increased, and in the downstream application, the substitution amount of the material collection in the application formula becomes larger, and the pollution of the downstream is reduced.
  • the powder-coated rubber operation; the "waste rubber/environmental softener/powder excipient weight ratio selected in the range of 100/8-150/20-1500" selected by the technical scheme of the present invention can maximize the number of formulas for collecting rubber products in the country at present.
  • the invention is novel and innovative in the improvement of the thermal regeneration combination device of the waste rubber: the stirring, mixing and heating operations are performed on the coarse waste rubber powder particles and the environmentally friendly softener or the environmentally friendly softener and the powder auxiliary material.
  • the feed port of the unit or combination machine, or/and the feed port of the unit machine or combination machine that performs the stirring operation of the mixing of the waste rubber and the softener or the cooling operation of the powder mixing the supply of the coarse glue can be automatically controlled.
  • the combination of the hot extruder described in the present invention avoids the violent oxidation of the extruded rubber by the oxygen-containing air at the high temperature of the existing hot extruder, and the odor of the odor is filled in the workshop.
  • the reclaimed rubber-containing composition product provided by the invention has been recycled rubber in the conventional sense, and the rubber hydrocarbon content thereof is obviously less than that defined by the various specifications of the national standard of "Recycled Rubber” GB/T 13460-2008.
  • Recycled rubber if it is still judged simply by GB/T 13460-2008 national standard, the composition products of the present invention, regardless of how good environmental protection and application properties, will be mistakenly judged as "fail”!
  • the standards of reclaimed rubber involved in other countries in the world will also have similar misjudgments, so the existing product standards are at least one of the reasons for the "blocking" of new technology products, resulting in the long-term no one in the field.
  • the scope of the combination of materials in the first embodiment is a technical solution characterized by the characteristics.
  • the inventors hereby provide a "general evaluation method" based on the national standards customarily used in the existing industry. .
  • the so-called “generalized evaluation method” the mechanism of the evaluation is: under the same reference background compound, the reference rubber set 1 with the same weight of the known quality level and the aggregate of the unknown quality level are determined. 2. When the two groups of rubber materials have equal or similar physical property values, it can be determined that the set 2 has the same or similar quality level as the set 1.
  • the specific test method can be:
  • the two parties in the industrial sector can estimate the unit weight of the product containing the recycled rubber from the market price estimate;
  • the inventors have found through practice that the quality level of the regenerated colloidal hydrocarbon chain after the waste rubber is regenerated is not degraded due to its dilution in the rubber compound.
  • the process A described in the first aspect of the present invention includes two necessary conditions, one of which is: "The weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder/environmental softener/powder auxiliary material over 5 to 40 mesh sieve" is 100/8 ⁇ 150/20 ⁇ 1500 range, the second is: anaerobic heating.
  • This necessary combination of solutions cannot be obtained from the prior art by a simple combination, without creative labor, because, for a long time, there have always been two obstacles to technological progress in the art.
  • the technical solution of the present invention emphasizes that the obtained product should be able to fully cover the recycling of the reclaimed rubber, the softener and the powder excipient in the downstream user formula, and the environmental protection transformation (that is, the quality and quantity of the product), and the technical solution avoids Excessive processing in the existing industrial chain division of labor (that is, reclaimed rubber production enterprise is vigorously making the rubber material as high as possible, and obtaining so-called high-grade reclaimed rubber products, and downstream enterprises reinforce the rubber compound.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a combination device A used in a new process for thermal regeneration of waste rubber such as waste tires.
  • Fig. 2 is another schematic block diagram of the combination device A used in the thermal regeneration process A of waste rubber such as waste tires according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of an extruder assembly apparatus that can be included in the combination apparatus A used in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the combined apparatus used in the method of thermally regenerating and thermally cracking waste rubber or in combination with conventional carbon black. detailed description
  • ( 1-1 ) Preparation: Take 100 parts by weight of the rubber coarse powder of the waste tire top part of the 20-40 mesh sieve which has been removed from the fiber and the steel wire impurities (hereinafter referred to as "parts"), and can be sealed. Introducing the materials into a closed stirring heating tank, first adding some formulating auxiliaries such as softeners complying with environmental protection requirements, the first adding part of the formulating auxiliary, the composition is: softening agent 150 parts, specifically including: 15 parts of environmentally friendly rubber filling oil, 67 parts of No. 30 motor oil, 10 parts of paraffin, 28 parts of stearic acid; 3 parts of antioxidant, 2: 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; 13 parts of water.
  • softening agent 150 parts specifically including: 15 parts of environmentally friendly rubber filling oil, 67 parts of No. 30 motor oil, 10 parts of paraffin, 28 parts of stearic acid; 3 parts of antioxidant, 2: 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol; 13
  • the softener can be pre-heated and then metered in with a pump.
  • the order of the waste rubber coarse powder and the formulation auxiliary can be reversed before and after the addition, especially the water is added first, which can prevent the hot tank from burning.
  • the environmentally friendly softener in the formulation auxiliaries the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to it is 100/150.
  • the auxiliary part of the powder auxiliary material is added with an auxiliary agent.
  • the added powder auxiliary material, the waste rubber coarse powder and its weight ratio is 100/558, specifically: 300 parts of N220 carbon black, 200 parts of N330 carbon black, waste tire nylon material heat in waste tire sidewall material and waste tire 58 parts of carbon black were cracked.
  • the mixture material is in the form of a sponge cake. The cake-like material is stirred and cooled until it is still in the form of no-agglomerate.
  • the time for the mixing operation is generally controlled within 10 to 20 minutes, so as not to affect the productivity of the previous heating operation.
  • the material can be put into the packaging box and the bag, and the preferred temperature of the discharged material can be controlled in the range of 30 ⁇ 4 (TC range, and the obtained sponge cake-like product is the high-dose softener mixed with environmental protection according to the present invention and high.
  • a reconstituted rubber-containing composition product of a powdered excipient which, in a downstream rubber product formulation application, can be assembled from one or more materials comprising recycled rubber or its softeners, powder excipients.
  • the compounding materials involved in the above operations are all operated by a closed mechanical machine, and the mechanical operation is preferably provided with an automatic control circuit system.
  • This embodiment employs a new regeneration process A, which utilizes the well-known thermal cracking process B to treat waste tire sidewall materials and waste.
  • the waste carbon fiber in the tire, the thermal cracking carbon black obtained in Process B is incorporated into the recycled rubber product as one of the powder auxiliary components, and the heating source or/and electric energy used in the treatment may be derived from Process B or/and The flammable gas and the flue gas remaining in the process C for preparing ordinary carbon black such as N220 and N300; and it is also worth mentioning that the material obtained from the present embodiment is a slurry-like or rubber-like waste rubber recycled product. (If the powder excipient is no longer mixed, it can be used as a granulation binder for the process of replacing the molasses or / and tall oil as ordinary carbon black.
  • composition product containing the regenerated rubber obtained in the present embodiment can be used at least for tire tread materials.
  • the environmentally friendly softener in the formulation auxiliaries the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to 100/32.
  • close the loading door open the inlet and outlet valves, first charge the oxygen-containing air in the tank with nitrogen, charge the cylinder nitrogen for about 5 minutes, and close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture was heated to 260 ° C, the pressure in the tank was 3.0 MPa, the heating was stopped, and the temperature was kept for 30 minutes.
  • Open the stirring and heating tank venting valve and treat the high-temperature steam discharged from the heating tank through the combination of waste heat utilization and absorption and waste removal. Discharge the standard, close the venting valve, and leave the residual pressure of the heating tank slightly to facilitate the release of the material.
  • the cake material is introduced into another closed stirring tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the rubber cake is added to the sealed cooling tank before the cake is placed in the cooling tank.
  • the auxiliary part of the powder auxiliary material is added with an auxiliary agent.
  • the mixture material is in the form of a sponge cake, and the sponge cake-like material is stirred and cooled until it is released in a no-agglomerate manner, thereby obtaining the composition product containing the regenerated rubber according to the present invention; and the sponge-like material which is stirred and cooled may be further
  • the roll machine with jacket media cooling is introduced to perform the roll processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roll processing is cooled to below 40 ° C with air or water, and can be directly used or packaged after homogenization.
  • the resulting product is a regenerated rubber-containing composition product blended with an environmentally friendly high-dose softener and a high-dose powder excipient.
  • a new regeneration process A is used, and a known thermal cracking process B is used to treat the waste tire nylon material in the waste tire sidewall material and the waste tire, and the thermal cracking carbon black obtained in Process B is used as the powder auxiliary component.
  • a known thermal cracking process B is used to treat the waste tire nylon material in the waste tire sidewall material and the waste tire, and the thermal cracking carbon black obtained in Process B is used as the powder auxiliary component.
  • One of them is incorporated into a recycled rubber product, and the heat source or/and electrical energy used in the treatment may be derived from the combustible gas or flue gas remaining in Process B or/and Process C for preparing ordinary carbon black such as N550.
  • ( 3-1 ) Preparation: Introduce 100 parts of the crude rubber pellets of the waste butyl water tires of about 5 mesh into a closed stirred heating tank, and then add some formula additives such as softeners that meet environmental protection requirements.
  • the first part of the formulation auxiliary agent, the composition is: softener 55.5 parts, including: environmentally friendly rubber filling oil 26 parts, paraffin wax 10 parts, microcrystalline wax 6. 5 parts, 13 parts of stearic acid; 13 copies.
  • the order of the waste rubber coarse powder and the formulation auxiliary can be reversed. The weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to the ratio of 100/55.
  • the inlet and outlet valves After the loading is completed, close the loading door, open the inlet and outlet valves, first charge the oxygen-containing air that is brought into the tank with nitrogen, and charge the cylinder with nitrogen. 5 minutes, close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture is heated to 240 ° C, the pressure in the tank is 2.0 MPa, the heating is stopped, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour.
  • the heat-treated material is introduced into another closed stirred tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the stirring heating tank vent valve is opened.
  • the high-temperature steam discharged from the heating tank is discharged to the standard after being treated by the exhaust gas waste heat absorption and absorption and waste elimination, and the gas discharge valve is closed, and the residual pressure of the heating tank is slightly left to facilitate the release of the material.
  • the cake material is introduced into another closed stirring tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the rubber cake is added to the sealed cooling tank before the cake is placed in the cooling tank.
  • the auxiliary part of the powder auxiliary material is added with an auxiliary agent.
  • the mixture material is in the form of a sponge cake, and the sponge cake-like material is stirred and cooled until it is released in the form of no-agglomerate, thereby obtaining the composition product containing the regenerated rubber according to the present invention; and the stirring and cooling cake-like material can be further introduced again.
  • the roll machine with jacket medium cooling is subjected to roll processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roll processing is cooled to 40 ⁇ or less with air or water, and can be directly used or after being homogenized and packaged for use.
  • the resulting product is a composition comprising a butyl regenerated rubber blended with an environmentally friendly high dose softener and a high dose powder adjuvant.
  • the order of the waste rubber coarse powder and the formulation auxiliary can be reversed. Adding environmentally friendly softener, the weight ratio of waste rubber coarse powder to 100/38. 7, adding powder auxiliary material, the weight ratio of waste rubber coarse powder to 100/120.
  • the mixture was heated to 240 ° C, and the pressure in the tank was 2.0 MPa. The heating was stopped and the temperature was kept for 40 minutes.
  • the heat-treated material is introduced into another closed stirred tank with a cooling medium jacket to perform a stirring and cooling operation. At this time, the mixture is in the form of a sponge cake, and the mixture is cooled to room temperature to 80 ° C to be released.
  • the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the invention can be further introduced into the roll machine with the cooling medium jacket to perform the roller processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roller processing is cooled to the air or water to After 40 ⁇ , it can be used directly or after being homogenized and packaged for use.
  • the obtained product is a composition containing recycled rubber with high-dose softener and high-dose powder excipient.
  • composition containing recycled rubber obtained in this example can be used at least for oil-based rubber materials for tube tires.
  • the environmentally friendly softener in the formulation auxiliaries the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to the weight is 100/24, and the added powder auxiliary material, the waste rubber coarse powder and the weight ratio thereof are 100/65.
  • close the loading door open the inlet and outlet valves, first charge the oxygen-containing air in the tank with nitrogen, charge the cylinder nitrogen for about 5 minutes, and close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture is heated to 240 ° C, the pressure in the tank is 2.0 MPa, the heating is stopped, and the temperature is kept for 1 hour.
  • the heat-treated material is introduced into another closed stirred tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the stirring heating tank vent valve is opened.
  • the high-temperature steam discharged from the heating tank shall be discharged after being treated by the exhaust gas waste heat absorption and absorption and waste elimination assembly, and the gas discharge valve is closed, and the residual pressure of the heating tank is slightly left to facilitate the release of the material.
  • the cake-like material is introduced into another closed mixing tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the material is stirred while being placed and cooled by water, and after the cake-like material is placed in the cooling tank, the pine is closed. Cake material feeding door.
  • the sponge cake-like material is stirred and cooled to be in the form of no-agglomerate release, that is, the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the present invention is obtained; and the stirred and cooling cake-like material can be further introduced into the jacketed medium for cooling.
  • the roll machine is subjected to roll processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roll processing is cooled to below 40 °C with air or water, and can be directly used or packaged for use, and the obtained product is blended with environmentally friendly softening.
  • 5-2. OMPa stop heating, keep warm for 20 minutes to 3 hours, and introduce the heat-treated material into another closed mixing tank with cooling medium jacket.
  • the stirring tank is better for anaerobic conditions.
  • a rubber reinforcing agent and a filler powder auxiliary material are added to the sealed can, and the powder auxiliary material is 85 parts, specifically: 10 parts of N330 carbon black, 25 parts of N660 carbon black, miscellaneous waste nylon fiber and glue containing in waste tire 25 parts of thermal cracking slag and 25 parts of clay in the rubber rubber material with less than 20% and mixed rubber.
  • the mixture After the powder excipient is mixed with the sponge cake, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to 80 ° C to release, thereby obtaining the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the present invention; the cooling material can be re-introduced with cooling
  • the roll of the medium jacket is subjected to roller processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roller processing is cooled to below 40 ° C with air or water, and can be directly used or after being homogenized and packaged for use.
  • the product is a regenerated rubber-containing composition product blended with an environmentally friendly high-dose softener and a high-dose powder excipient.
  • composition product containing recycled rubber obtained in this example can be used at least for tire mat rubber.
  • Example 7 The composition product containing recycled rubber obtained in this example can be used at least for tire mat rubber.
  • the carbon powder is added to the sealed tank, and the rubber reinforcing agent and the filler powder auxiliary material are added to the sealed tank.
  • the powder auxiliary material is 232.75 parts, specifically: ⁇ 30 carbon black 62. 5 parts, N774 Carbon black 37. 5 parts, waste plastic 75 parts of shoe 60 powder, 25 parts of clay, 32.75 parts of light calcium carbonate.
  • the mixture After the powder excipient is mixed with the sponge cake, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to 80 ° C to release, the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the invention is obtained; and the cooling material can be re-introduced with cooling
  • the roll of the medium jacket is subjected to roll processing, and the lower rubber after the roller processing is cooled to below 4 CTC with air or water, and can be directly used or after being homogenized and packaged for use, and the obtained product is A regenerated rubber-containing composition product blended with an environmentally friendly softener and a high dose of powder excipient.
  • composition product containing recycled rubber obtained in this example can be used at least for bicycle tire tread rubber.
  • the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to the weight of the waste rubber is 100/49. 41.
  • close the loading door open the inlet and outlet valves, first charge the oxygen-containing air in the tank with nitrogen, charge the cylinder nitrogen for about 5 minutes, and close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture was heated to 240 ° C, the pressure in the tank was 2.0 MPa, the heating was stopped, and the temperature was kept for 30 minutes.
  • the material is introduced into another closed mixing tank with a cooling medium jacket.
  • the rubber powder auxiliary material is added to the sealed cooling tank in advance and then the additive is added. When the material is put in, it is cooled while releasing water. After the cake-like material is placed in the cooling mixing tank, the feeding material of the sponge cake is closed.
  • the weight ratio of the powdered auxiliary material to the waste rubber coarse powder is 100/235. 29, specifically: 15 parts of N220 carbon black and 35 parts of N330 carbon black.
  • the mixture material is in the form of a sponge cake, and the sponge cake-like material is stirred and cooled until it is released in the form of no-agglomerate, thereby obtaining the composition product containing the regenerated rubber according to the present invention; and the stirring and cooling cake-like material can be further introduced again.
  • the rubber mixing machine with jacket media cooling is subjected to roll processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roller processing is cooled to 40 ⁇ or less by air, and can be directly used or packaged for use, and the obtained product is mixed with environmental protection.
  • a reconstituted rubber-containing composition product of a high-dose softener and a high-dose powder excipient is subjected to roll processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roller processing is cooled to 40 ⁇ or less by air, and can be directly used or packaged for use, and the obtained product is mixed with environmental protection.
  • the environmentally friendly softener in the formulation auxiliaries the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to it is 100/7 7 . 78.
  • close the loading door open the inlet and outlet valves, first charge the oxygen-containing air in the tank with nitrogen, charge the cylinder nitrogen for about 5 minutes, and close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture was heated to 240 ° C, the pressure in the tank was 2.0 MPa, the heating was stopped, and the temperature was kept for 30 minutes. Turn on the heating
  • the tank venting valve the high-temperature steam discharged from the heating tank is discharged by the exhaust gas after the waste heat utilization, absorption and waste elimination device treatment, and the gas venting valve is closed, and the residual pressure of the heating tank is slightly left to facilitate the release of the material.
  • the slurry material is introduced into another closed stirring tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the rubber powder is added to the closed cooling stirring tank before the slurry material is placed in the cooling mixing tank.
  • the material is stirred while releasing water to cool, and after the slurry material is placed in the cooling mixing tank, the feeding gate of the slurry material is closed.
  • the powder auxiliary material to be added, the waste rubber coarse powder and the weight ratio thereof are 100/500, specifically: 25 parts of N774 carbon black and 20 parts of N330 carbon black.
  • the mixed material is in the form of a powder, and the powdered material is stirred and cooled to 40 Torr to be released, thereby obtaining the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the present invention; and the stirred and cooled powdery material can be further introduced into the high speed with jacket medium cooling.
  • the mixing machine is used for fine mixing processing, and then rolled into chips by rolls, and the chip-like rubber is input into the storage bin and then concentratedly packaged, and the obtained product is mixed with environmentally-friendly high-dose softener and high dose.
  • a flaky regenerating rubber-containing composition product of a powder excipient is used for fine mixing processing, and then rolled into chips by rolls, and the chip-like rubber is input into the storage bin and then concentratedly packaged, and the obtained product is mixed with environmentally-friendly high-dose softener and high dose.
  • composition product containing the regenerated rubber obtained in the present embodiment can be used at least for the tire rubber material.
  • the ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to the weight ratio of the waste rubber is 100/133.
  • close the loading door open the inlet and outlet valves, first charge the oxygen-containing air in the tank with nitrogen, charge the cylinder nitrogen for about 5 minutes, and close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture was heated to 24 CTC, and the pressure in the tank was 2.0 MPa. The heating was stopped and the temperature was kept for 30 minutes. Turn on the heating The tank venting valve, the high-temperature steam discharged from the heating tank is discharged by the exhaust gas after the waste heat utilization, absorption and waste elimination device treatment, and the gas venting valve is closed, and the residual pressure of the heating tank is slightly left to facilitate the release of the material.
  • the slurry material is introduced into another closed stirring tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the rubber powder is added to the closed cooling stirring tank before the slurry material is placed in the cooling mixing tank.
  • the material is stirred while releasing water to cool, and after the slurry material is placed in the cooling mixing tank, the feeding gate of the slurry material is closed.
  • the amount of the powder auxiliary material to be added, the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to the weight thereof is 100/1500, specifically: 25 parts of N774 carbon black, 25 parts of N330 carbon black, 36 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 49 parts of clay.
  • the mixture is in the form of a powder, and the powdered material is stirred and cooled to 40 ° C to be released, thereby obtaining the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the present invention; and the stirred and cooled powdery material can be further introduced into the jacketed medium for cooling.
  • the environmentally friendly softener in the formulation auxiliaries the weight ratio of the waste rubber coarse powder to 100/17.
  • close the loading door open the inlet and outlet valves, first use nitrogen Charge the oxygen-containing air that is carried into the tank, fill the cylinder with nitrogen for about 5 minutes, and close the inlet and outlet valves.
  • the mixture was heated to 24 CTC, and the pressure in the tank was 2.0 MPa. The heating was stopped and the temperature was kept for 30 minutes. Squeeze the heating tank venting valve, and discharge the high-temperature steam discharged from the heating tank through the waste heat utilization, absorption and waste combination device to discharge the standard, close the vent valve, and slightly stir the heating tank residual pressure to facilitate the material release. .
  • the cake material is introduced into another closed stirring tank with a cooling medium jacket, and the rubber powder is added to the sealed cooling tank before the sponge cake is placed in the cooling tank.
  • the auxiliary agent to the formula part of the auxiliary material
  • the material is stirred while releasing water to cool, and after the loose cake-like material is put into the cooling mixing tank, the feeding material of the sponge cake is closed.
  • the added powder auxiliary material, the waste rubber coarse powder and the weight ratio thereof are 100/134, specifically: 35 parts of N774 carbon black, 33 parts of N330 carbon black, and 200 parts of 40-60 mesh rubber waste side rubber powder.
  • the mixture is in the form of a powder, and the powdered material is stirred and cooled to 4 (TC is released, that is, the regenerated rubber-containing composition product of the present invention is obtained; and the stirred and cooled powdery material can be further introduced into the jacketed medium for cooling.
  • the high-speed mixing machine is refined and mixed, and then rolled into chips by rolls. The chips are fed into the storage bin and then concentrated and packaged. The obtained product is blended with environmentally friendly softener and high dose.
  • a flaky regenerating rubber-containing composition product of a powder excipient is used to mix.
  • composition product of the regenerated rubber obtained in the present embodiment can be used at least for the undersize of the sleeper.
  • the extruded material can be smashed in the cold chamber, and the granulated material is cooled to room temperature ⁇ 100 ° C, and the cooled material is re-introduced into the jacketed medium.
  • the cooled plastic mixing machine is subjected to roll processing, and the lower rubber compound after the roller processing is cooled to 4 CTC or lower with air or water, and can be directly used or after being homogenized and packaged for use, the obtained a composition product containing recycled rubber;
  • composition product containing the recycled rubber obtained in the present embodiment can be used at least for the automobile fender adhesive.
  • the test parties given in the above Examples 1 to 12 are themselves excellent formulation examples for the application of the regenerated rubber composition of the present invention.
  • the measured materials in the embodiments are not lower than the reference component set in each embodiment, and the market value of the measured materials in each embodiment can be quantitatively converted by the market price of the corresponding reference component set. Then, in connection with the difference in energy consumption, environmental protection, etc., which is used to glue the measured materials and the reference component sets, the various parties in the industrial department can conveniently price the recycled rubber composition products provided by the present invention.
  • the entire assembly device A includes:
  • the waste rubber products such as tires are pre-processed into a complete set of coarse waste rubber powders of 5 to 40 mesh sieves, 13 for mixing, mixing and heating the waste rubber coarse powder and softener or softener and powder auxiliary materials.
  • Unit machinery or combination machine 1 in the lower outlet of the unit or combination equipment 1 is provided with a closed series of filter or fine grinding screw, etc.
  • Known unit machinery 1 - 1 mixing and cooling the hot mix of waste rubber and softener Or a unit machinery or combination machine 2 for powder application, a rubber unit machine 4 with rolling, masticating or compounding and masticating functions, a unit machine 5 for vigorously stirring the powder material, or a unit machine or
  • the combined machine 1 provides a thermal energy heating device or a fuel furnace device 6, which is capable of removing the single A mechanical or combined mechanical 2 or / and 4 or / and 5 heat cooling device 7, a unit feeding machine or a combination machine 1 or / and 2 supply of coarse rubber particles or / and auxiliary agents, auxiliary materials of the compounding machine 3 a gas source device 8 for supplying nitrogen to a unit machine or combination machine 1 or/and 2, having an exhaust gas absorption and/or reuse device discharged to the unit machine or combination machine 1 or/and 2 while containing hot material 9.
  • the system 10 can be utilized to automatically control the system 11.
  • the unit machine or combination machine 1 of the present embodiment may be selected from known products, such as one or more combinations as described below:
  • DTY high-density dynamic desulfurization tank
  • a known product can be selected, for example, a combination of the following _ 'species and the like can be selected.
  • the compounding machine 3 of the present embodiment can be selected from known products, such as one or the following - P ⁇ h & l ⁇ ⁇
  • It consists of automatic weighing and weighing system batching machine, including ⁇ , conveying pipe, weighing instrument, automatic control circuit, control software, etc., produced by Ningbo Shenke Industrial Weighing Technology Co., Ltd., Rushan Shende Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. Automated complete control system, rubber industry weighing and batching system produced by Shanghai Beidinghan Industrial Automation Equipment Co., Ltd., rubber automatic batching system produced by Changzhou Kehang Company;
  • the product can be discharged from the lower outlet of the assembly 4 of the embodiment, and the composition product can be obtained in the form of a strip, a film or a sheet, or a granule; or the lower outlet of the assembly A 2
  • the composition product obtained in the form of a sponge cake; or the lower outlet of the combination 5 of the apparatus A is discharged to obtain a paste-like or powdery composition product.
  • the entire combination device A includes: Waste rubber products such as waste tires are pre-processed into a complete waste combination of 13 to 40 mesh sieves, and a mixture of 5 to 40 mesh coarse waste rubber powders and softeners and powder adjuvants are stirred and mixed.
  • the discharge port of 1 is provided with a mast extruder unit machine 4 having a masticating or kneading and masticating function, and an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device 6 for supplying heat to the combined equipment 12, and also provided with There is provided a cooling device 7 for removing the heat of the screw extruder unit 4, and a device 14 for removing hot flashes and air-cooling and collecting materials for removing the hot melt of the screw extruder unit 4, and supplying the combined equipment 12 Crude powder or / And the auxiliary material and the auxiliary material combination feeding machine 3, in the water drama cold chamber device 12-1, a mechanism 12-2 for smashing the extruded rubber material is provided, and the absorption combined equipment 12 or/and 12-1 is provided.
  • the product can be discharged from the lower outlet of the combination device A of the present embodiment, and a composition product in the form of micelles can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 a schematic diagram of a combined equipment 12 containing an extruder, which can be included in the combined device A for waste rubber such as waste tires, is described in FIG. Yes: a closed water-cooling chamber device is provided at the outlet of the extruder for performing the heating operation; it can prevent the existing extruder from being extruded at a high temperature.
  • the oxygen-containing air is violently oxidized, and the workshop is filled with the odor of hot steam;
  • the specific arrangement may further include: an anaerobic, sealed water chamber cold chamber device 12-1, with a water-cooled jacket A screw extruder unit machine 4 having mastication or kneading and masticating functions, and a device 14 for removing hot flashes and air-cooling and collecting materials from the mechanical hot discharge of the screw extruder unit, disposed in the water
  • the cold chamber device 12-1 there is a mechanism 12-2 for crushing the rubber produced by the extruder, and an electric heating device or a fuel furnace device 6 for supplying heat to the heating screw extruder unit, which is provided with
  • the cooling device 7 for removing the heat of the unit machine 4 is provided with a circulating cooling water liquid sealing tank 12-3, a rubber water discharging rolling screen 12-4, and the like.
  • the product is discharged from the lower outlet of the cyclone 14 in the combined apparatus to obtain a composition product in the form of micelles or micelles.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a combination device used in the "method of thermal recovery and thermal cracking of waste rubber or in combination with ordinary carbon black" according to the present invention, wherein: the combination device is A combination device A for performing thermal regeneration of waste rubber, and a known combination device for thermally cracking waste rubber to extract fuel oil, combustible gas, waste rubber cracking carbon black or/and filler] 3, or a known
  • the combustor C is prepared by combusting oil and gas as a carbon source and a fuel, and the carbon black is prepared by thermal cracking;
  • Combination device A which further includes: a combination of rough rubber powder processing equipment 1, mixing, mixing, heating operation combined machine 2, mixing, cooling, powder mixing machine 3, compounding machine 4, rolling, mixing Refining and plasticating machinery 5, machinery for vigorously stirring powder materials, steam pack 7, power supply transformer 8, etc.;
  • Combination device B which further comprises: waste tire thermal cracking furnace 9, condenser 10, oil water separator 11, oil reservoir 12, gas storage cabinet 13, crude carbon black collection silo 14, coarse crusher 15, vibrating screen 16 , magnetic separator 17, fine crusher 18, wire hopper 19, ultra-fine carbon black collection bin 20, 500 power supply transformer 21, etc.;
  • the combination device C further comprising: a feedstock oil dehydration tank 22, an oil guide pump 23, a feedstock oil tank 24, a fuel oil tank 25, a fuel oil filter 26, a fuel pump 27, a feedstock oil filter 28, a feedstock oil pump 29, and a combustion Atomizer 30, water pump 31, carbon black reactor combustion section 32, air preheater 33, waste heat boiler 34, feed oil preheater 35, fuel oil preheater 36, compressed air 37, main supply fan 38, raw material Oil nozzle 39, pump 40, main bag filter 41, bag filter bucket 42, cyclone separator 43, wet granulator 44, reverse blower 45, steam pack 46, waste heat boiler 47, steam pack 48, steam turbine power generation
  • connection characteristics between the combination device, B, and C include at least:
  • (16-1) there is a supply of carbon black to B, A between B and C in the ultrafine carbon black collection bin 20 and the carbon black product storage tank 50 in the combination device A of the combination device A and B.
  • Mechanism comprising one or more combinations of a conveying pipe, a conveyor belt, and a conveying vehicle;
  • the power supply transformer of the combination device A and the power supply transformer of the B and the turbine generator set 49 of the C have a cable for supplying power to the C and A, B;
  • the mechanism includes one or more combinations of conveying pipes, conveyor belts, and conveying vehicles.
  • the inventive concept is at least improved on the basis of retaining the high-temperature, short-time and other core characteristics of the waste rubber thermal regeneration process for heating the 5-40 mesh coarse rubber powder, so that the waste rubber thermal regeneration process is more clean.
  • the utility model has the advantages that: the invention can be applied not only to the comprehensive utilization of the most difficult type of waste rubber, namely waste tire, low rubber content or/and mixed waste rubber product, but also to special recycled rubber, such as Ding. Nitrile recycled rubber, EPDM recycled rubber, halogenated butyl recycled rubber, chloroprene recycled rubber, etc.
  • the high-quality Benbi recycled rubber product can improve the economic benefits of both the production enterprises and the downstream users. It not only completely eliminates the pollution of the recycled rubber industry, but also enables the dust pollution of downstream users to achieve the source outside the factory.
  • the ideal goal of governance; the four-flag parallel resource recycling program that gives the "full amount, high value, green, energy-saving" of waste rubber resources with new connotations, to solve the century's problems in the rubber industry chain, A new path.
  • the softener in the definition range of the softener and the powder excipient given by the present invention, is selected according to the principle of similar compatibility, and the powder excipient is selected according to the principle of maximizing the generality of the downstream user.
  • the implementation of these specific embodiments does not require creative labor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and those skilled in the art in accordance with the present invention and the specific embodiments disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, Within the scope of protection of the invention.

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Description

一种废橡胶热再生的方法 技术领域
本发明提出一种废橡胶热再生的方法, 本发明属于废橡胶再生加工和利用的技术范 畴。 技术背景
当今是强调循环经济和可持续发展的时代, 废橡胶的再生利用, 本应是我国这一橡 胶资源贫乏、 环境污染严重的国家, 实践循环经济和可持续发展, 进行经济建设和民族 复兴所必须着力大发展的阳光产业, 但由于对超废橡胶总量 60%的废轮胎橡胶的再生技 术开发得还不成熟, 特别是对用废轮胎经破碎、 分离、 高温断硫等处理制备再生橡胶的 技术, 即所谓 "热再生"技术开发得还很不够, 致使在我国超行业七成的以废轮胎制再 生橡胶的企业, 长期处于经济上微利、 无利, 产品的性价、 性本比等内涵少有进步, 生 产中毒尘大、 污染多, 产品耗电量下降乏术的局面。 再参照国外发达国家再生橡胶业的 兴衰轨迹, 是乎以废轮胎制再生橡胶的产业也会步国外的后尘, 成为发展前景暗淡的夕 阳工业。
废轮胎经传统的破碎、 分离、 高温断硫、 常温精炼, 或经最新的破碎、 分离、 高温 膏化或再向膏浆料中拌入普通炭黑的所谓热再生技术处理, 虽仍存在尼龙纤维骨架被污 染化低值利用, 软化剂毒素危害环境, 胶料再生后物性复原率低等严重的工艺、 产品缺 陷, 但用此热再生技术处理的胶料, 因橡胶烃链经高温热和过辊剪切力场的精塑炼, 或 经高温大剂量热溶剂溶胀成膏浆, 橡胶烃链大都复原成线状, 致使再生橡胶或配有再生 橡胶的制品胶料具有较高的伸长率, 这种胶料物性是试图替代热法再生橡胶的常温或低 温冷冻法所得的俗称精细、 超细胶粉所不具备的, 也是近来新开发上市的仅经高温或常 温塑化处理, 但没经过辊剪力场, 或没经过大剂量溶剂高温强化溶胀的塑化胶粉所不具 备的。 所以热法再生橡胶, 在众多强调产品伸长率大的下游用户中很受欢迎。 由此看来 废橡胶的热再生技术只要经过创新改良, 使其符合可持续发展的普适指标, 即对包括废 轮胎在内的废橡胶热再生技术, 使其符合 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化的四旗并举式 资源循环利用要求, 就能实现使废橡胶的热法再生产业重获新生。
系统提出对废轮胎实施 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化的四旗并举式资源循环利用 方案的文献, 首推中国专利申请(200810083330. 6)。 该方案采用将现有对包括废轮胎等 废橡胶制品在内的各种利用工艺的组合实施, 使本来各自独立且竞争实施的再生利用过 程, 变为有比例的协同实施过程。 该废轮胎再生利用方案, 不再生成低值的尼龙骨架纤 维, 不再有低值热裂解炭黑的出路难题, 所得的高值产品包括: 钢丝, 废轮胎热裂解燃 料油或其分馏油品, 废轮胎橡胶的 100目粉与废轮胎热裂解的炭黑混合物即所谓超细胶 粉母料等。 该方案还把对废轮胎橡胶的利用过程, 与用普通燃油、 气经热裂解法制普通 炭黑的过程相联合, 使排出某副产物的耗能过程与耗用某副产物的排能过程有机结合。 但该方案在废轮胎橡胶的再生产品的高值化开发上, 偏向于不经过辊精塑炼的品种, 对 具有高伸长率的废轮胎等废橡胶的热再生过程本身未有改进, 即该方案还不能包括现时 用过 5~40目筛胶粉经高温断硫、 常温精炼工序制备再生橡胶的所谓热法工艺。
对废轮胎橡胶热再生过程及其产品的最新改进又有:
如中国专利申请 (200710150962. 5 ) 所述, 用 20~50 目硫化胶粉, 加入胶粉重量 60 115%的指定组份软化剂, 置其在耐压加热搅拌罐内, 经 160~200°C、 0. 5~0. 7Mpa、 2-3 小时罐内保温的热再生处理, 将胶粉变成膏浆状, 再拌入胶粉重量 60~100%的炭黑, 得 到充炭黑的膏状再生橡胶产品。 此申请案中所述的炭黑仅是指高耐磨炭黑或通用炉黑炭 黑, 所用的软化剂 (其称燃料油) 仅是指松焦油或氧化妥尔油或煤焦油, 都是有臭味的 污染性软化剂。 此申请案没有提及所要用到的装备, 更没有提及符合清洁生产要求的组
1
确认本 合装备。
又如中国专利申请(200710024356. 9 )所述, 用过 40目筛的轮胎胶粉, 加入胶粉重 量 21~30%的指定组份软化剂, 置其在耐压加热搅拌罐内, 经 240~260°C、 2. 6-3. 0MPa、 少于 1小时罐内保温的热再生处理, 将出罐降温后呈松散糕状的胶粉经过辊精塑炼, 得 到扯断强度在 12~18 MPa的高强度再生橡胶产品。 此申请案中所用及的软化剂仅是包括 固体煤焦油, 这是一种有恶臭味的污染性软化剂。
又如中国专利申请(200710192039. 8 )所述, 用过 20目筛的轮胎胶粉, 加入胶粉重 量 20. 54~25. 1%的指定组份软化剂,置其在耐压加热搅拌罐内,经蒸汽压力 0.6~1.0MPa、 20-40分钟罐内保温的热再生处理, 将出罐降温后呈松散糕状的胶粉经过辊精塑炼, 得 到扯断强度在 15~16 MPa的高强度再生橡胶产品。 此申请案中所用及的软化剂仅是包括 妥尔油、 煤沥青等, 都是有臭味的污染性软化剂。
再如中国专利申请 (200810146444. 0)所述, 为一种橡胶瞬间活化还原法, 其特征 是: a、 可调式压力舱适应各种粒径的胶粉; b、 一大一小对旋螺杆在无水状态下形成剪 切力; c、 摩擦自行生成高温瞬间与剪切力作用; d、 密封空间水冷却; e、 S助剂加速热 氧解聚过程, 且保护不被高温裂解。 此申请案中, 胶料所受的热, 是源于由电机带动的 摩擦生成, 其用热费用必定大于燃料直接供热或余热利用供热, 另外此申请案没有对 S 助剂和自述是高于国标的产品作出明确的详细说明, 提供的对旋螺杆机械示意图也不明 了, 故此申请案的公开程度, 没有达到普通技术人员无需创造性劳动, 就能重现此发明 效果的地步。
另外,现有再生橡胶技术还不能对低含胶量或 /和混杂的所谓低品位废橡胶资源实现 真正意义上的资源可持续利用。
废轮胎等废橡胶经热再生处理得到的再生橡胶产品,在下游的橡胶制品配方中应用, 按《橡胶制品实用配方大全》(谢忠麟、 杨敏芳 编, 化学工业出版社、 材料科学与工程 出版中心出版发行, 2004年 2月第 2版) 所列配方进行统计, 可总结出其应用特征是- 在下游的配方应用中至少有 95%以上应用例, 是用符合所谓国标的再生橡胶, 再加新橡 胶、 补强剂、 填料、 软化剂等物料, 经再次进行吃粉打胶。 经此统计分析, 可以发现: 现有的再生橡胶生产技术, 普遍没有重视利用其受高温处理的粒状或膏浆状物料易于低 能耗拌吃粉料的优势, 最大限度地开发出可使下游应用时能减少高耗电吃粉打胶的再生 橡胶产品, 即现有再生橡胶生产技术, 没有包含能环保化的, 使所得产品在下游配方应 用中, 如何最大限度地替代由再生橡胶和软化剂、 粉末辅料所组集合物的技术方案, 产 业链对废橡胶的再生、 回用处理中存在严重的过量重复加工问题。
现有废轮胎等废橡胶的热再生处理, 其所用组合装备, 由于其所服务的热再生处理 工艺中, 没有要求要能配加大量的具有高飞扬性污染的粉末辅料, 所以就没有配备密闭 的供料机械装置, 现有技术在向动态罐中配加物料时, 都采用人工开放式操作, 高温处 理后的物料都是直接暴露在空气中的开放式出料, 所以进、 出物料都存在严重的环境污 染。
长期以来, 在本技术领域中始终存在着两个阻碍技术进步的所谓 "共识", 其一是: 环保化软化剂的价格过于昂贵, 市场不接受在再生橡胶配方中使用; 其二是: 国内外的 各种再生橡胶的质量标准, 都隐含倡导产品中橡胶烃含量要高, 质量标准不认可橡胶烃 含量低的再生橡胶产品, 同时也缺乏对低含量再生橡胶烃组合物产品的测评方案。 发明内容
本发明的目的是: 针对现有技术的缺陷, 提出一种废橡胶热再生的方法。
其中所述的"热再生", 是本发明针对现有热法再生橡胶技术的缺陷, 提供的一种热 再生改良新过程(以下简称新过程 A), 此新过程 A的优点是: 其配方, 加入环保化的高 剂量软化剂或 /和高剂量粉末辅料,不但适用于废轮胎等高品位废橡胶,还可适合对低品 位废橡胶的高质化有效利用; 其过程, 充分利用了胶粒、 胶浆等易吃粉料的物态, 能减 少或避免高温空气对橡胶烃的降解, 可革除高耗能的过辊精炼工序, 能避免现时技术的 过量加工;
并能将改良后的废橡胶再生新过程 A, 与公知的废橡胶热裂解过程 B或再加上与公 知的燃油、 燃气经热裂解制普通炭黑过程 C相联合, 也能使热法再生橡胶工艺对废轮胎 等废橡胶制品实现 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化的四旗并举式资源循环利用。
本发明的另一目的是: 重点提出一种实施本发明方法的专用组合装置, 其优点是- 能适应加入环保化的高剂量软化剂或 /和高剂量粉末辅料的多品种组合物的清洁、节能化 生产, 能避免或抑制空气中氧对高温物料中橡胶烃的剧烈降解。
本发明的再一目的是: 提供用本发明所述方法得到的含再生橡胶的组合物产品及其 用途, 所述的组合物产品, 其优点是: 产品组分能涵盖和替代橡胶制品配方中由再生橡 胶和软化剂、 粉末辅料所组的物料集合; 产品使用时少扬尘或不扬尘且大大减少炼胶时 间和能耗。
技术方案
本发明首先是围绕本发明的三个目的提出如下的技术构思:
首先是针对本发明的第一目的中的废橡胶热再生过程进行改良, 得到废橡胶再生新 过程 A:
1、 改良后的再生新过程 A, 对废橡胶的热再生工艺要能保留 5~40 目粗粉加热和下 游掺用产品能保持硬度低、 伸长率大的核心特色;
2、 改良后的再生新过程 A, 应有新的特色, 所述新的特色至少包括: 向设备中加配 料可采用清洁化操作,使工艺装备能适应加入环保化的高剂量软化剂或 /和高剂量粉末辅 料的多品种组合物生产, 再生配方能将涵盖橡胶制品配方中由再生橡胶和软化剂、 粉末 辅料所组的物料集合, 实现环保化转型, 还可适合对低品位废橡胶的有效利用等特点;
3、再生新过程 A在处理过程中遵循防止氧、热共存而造成对橡胶烃链的过度降解原 则, 可设法使废橡胶在绝氧条件下加温度和热处理后的热出料;
4、注重利用废橡胶物料经热处理后的软膏浆或松糕颗粒状态所具有较低的剪切阻力 特点, 拌混入橡胶用粉末辅料;
5、处理物料的软化助剂配方中不使用污染性物料,如煤焦油、松焦油、多环芳烃油、 妥尔油等, 环保化要向高标准看齐;
6、 遵循处理过程中生成的废气、 废水不排向环境的原则;
7、 处理过程中的用能注重合理、 必要和余能利用原则。
8、 将改良后的废橡胶再生新过程 A, 与公知的废橡胶热裂解过程 B或再加上与公知 的燃油、 气热裂解制普通炭黑过程 C相联合, 使 、 B、 C间实现合理的 "物、 能"互补 迁移, 使八、 B、 C与环境间的 "物、 能"迁移最小化。
再者是针对本发明的第二目的, 核心是针对实施废橡胶再生新过程 A的组合设备 A:
9、 设置有向在对粗废橡胶粉粒与软化剂、 或软化剂和粉末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热操作的单元或组合机械的进料口上,或 /和对废橡胶与软化剂的热混料实施搅拌、拌 粉冷却操作的单元或组合机械的进料口上, 设置有供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、粉末辅料的 配供料组合密闭机械系统;
10、 在组合设备 A中设置有加热设备;
11、 在组合设备 A中设置有混合设备;
12、 在组合设备 A中设置有冷却设备;
13、 在组合设备 A中可设置有塑炼设备;
14、 在组合设备 A中可设置有物料输送设备;
15、 在组合设备 A中可设置计量设备;
16、 对组合设备 A可设置密闭、 隔音、 消气装置, 以符合清洁生产的环保要求; 17、 对组合设备 A可设置自动化操控的电路系统, 以提高处理效率。
最后是针对本发明的第三目的-
18、 用所述方法得到的含再生橡胶和软化剂、 粉末辅料的组合物产品, 其包括: 至 少有一个产品中掺混有废轮胎等废橡胶的热裂解炭黑; 所述组合物产品, 必有在配料中 加入环保化的高剂量软化剂或 /和高剂量粉末辅料;所有品种的组合物产品所用的软化剂 都不包括煤焦油、 松焦油、 妥尔油、 多环芳烃油等污染性物料; 所得组合物的产品, 所 用及的废橡胶制品原料是包括但不限于轮胎、轮胎胶囊、 内胎、 缆线胶皮、 胶管、 胶鞋、 制品边料等的一种或一种以上的组合。
19、 用所述方法得到的组合物产品用途, 替代或部分替代下游橡胶制品配方中由再 生橡胶、 软化剂、 粉末辅料所组成的配方物料集合。
另外附加一种源于再生橡胶国标的, 能对所述产品实施广义质评的测定方法。
具体地讲, 实现本发明构思的技术方案是这样的:
技术方案 1、 方法
( l-a)、 一种废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是:
所述 "热再生" 即过程 A, 包括: 按配方 "过 5~40 目筛的废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软 化剂 /粉末辅料"的重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500范围的投料,一次性将其加入搅拌加热 器中, 先被绝氧加热, 然后导入搅拌冷却器, 冷至 10CTC以下, 出料即得产品; 或将配 方投料中的粉末辅料的一部分或全部扣出缓投, 在前期入搅拌加热器的先投部分物料要 出料前,再将先期扣出的粉末辅料加入加热器中混合,或 /和在热料导入搅拌冷却器中时 再被加入, 待混合料冷至 100'C以下, 出料得到产品; 或将配方投料经初混后, 直接导 进螺秆挤出机中被挤过 200°C~30(TC的加热、混合段后, 冷却料温至 10CTC以下, 出料得 到产品;
或由过程 A, 与公知的对废橡胶的热裂解处理过程! 3, 或再加上公知的由可燃油或 / 和可燃气经热裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 C之间, 建立有物料或 /和能的多向迁移关系。
( 1 - b)、 技术方案 (1-a) 中所述环保化软化剂, 其中不包含有臭有污染的煤焦油、 松焦油、 妥尔油、 多环芳烃油的任一种物料, 要求所用软化剂中的多环芳族化合物的含 量至多不得超过 3%, 多环芳族化合物的品种、 含量限制值符合欧盟指标令 2005/69/EC 的规定以及此指令日后的替代令, 其最具代表性的品种至少包括- 环保型橡胶填充油、 环烷油、 机油、 石蜡油、 白油、 凡士林、 三线油、 六线油、 变 压器油、 低分子聚烯烃蜡、 邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、 磷酸三甲苯酯、 葵 二酸二辛酯、 二甘醇、 C4~18脂肪酸、 硬脂酸、 软脂酸、 油酸、 棕榈酸、 皂脚、 植物油 中的一种或一种以上的组合,或 /和丙三醇、无臭沥青、胶粉改性沥青、松香、氢化松香、 脱氢松香、 松香甘油酯、 二甲苯松香树脂、 松香酯、 垸基酚醛树脂、 萜稀树脂、 石油树 脂、 特辛基酚醛树脂、 古马隆、 苯乙烯树脂、 聚乙烯树脂、 聚丙烯树脂、 缩水甘油脂、 乙酸乙烯脂共聚物、 丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物、 杂废塑料中的一种或一种以上的组合。
其中所述的环保型橡胶填充油, 是一个上位的商品名, 目前市场上环保型橡胶填充 油标注的质量是: 产品中多环芳族化合物含量不多于 3% (wt ), 所含多环芳族化合物品 种、 数量符合欧盟指令 2005/69/EC; 目前市场上此种油的主要成份, 有的是环烷油或 / 和芳烃油等矿物油的混合物, 也有生产厂家自己介绍, 其产品是用以樟科、 夹竹桃科、 菊科、 兰科、 大风子科和萝摩科等植物或 /和食用油为原料, 制成的植物源类的混合物; 目前市场上的环保型橡胶填充, 其主要用途是制备轮胎, 其与丁苯等品种的橡胶具有很 好的相溶性。
环保化软化剂加入量为废橡胶粗粉重量的 8~150%, 当环保化软化剂加入量为废橡胶 粗粉重量的 15~150%时, 本发明称其为高剂量加入。
软化剂的选料品种与废橡胶料的胶种匹配, 遵守公知的相似相溶原理。
( 1 - c)、技术方案(1-a)中所述粉末辅料, 其组成是包括如下所述粉末的一种或一 种以上的组合, 但以所选品种相对较少者为佳, 其最具代表性的品种至少包括: 橡胶用补强剂, 包括但不限于: 炭黑, 如: 用废轮胎等废橡胶经热裂解处理制得的二 次再生炭黑, 用油、 可燃气制得的一次新炭黑, 用农作物秸秆、 壳制得的炭黑; 炭纤维, 白炭黑, 超细碳酸钙中的任一种或一种以上的组合;
或 /和橡胶用填充剂, 包括但不限于: 粉煤灰、 碳酸钙、 纤维、 石墨、 重质碳酸钙、 轻质碳酸钙、 高岭土、 酸性白土、 膨润土、 陶土、 凹凸棒土、 泥板石粉、 石英石、 蛭石、 水镁石、 氢氧化铝、 白云石、 石膏、 方解石、 长石、 绢英石、 蒙脱石、 珍珠岩、 蛋白石、 硅藻土、 云母、 煤粉、 泥板石中的任一种或一种以上的组合;
或 /和其它橡胶用粉末辅料, 包括但不限于: 氧化锌、 氧化镁、 过 100目筛的橡胶粉 和废橡胶热裂解炭黑或 /和填料的混合物粉末、 粉末促进剂中的任一种或一种以上的组 合。
粉末辅料加入量为废橡胶粗粉重量的 20~1500%, 当粉末辅料加入量为废橡胶粗粉重 量的 50 1500%时, 本发明称其为高剂量加入。 上述没标注物料细度的粉末辅料, 一般是 至少细于等于 200目 (当然再细也是无妨的)。
(1 - d)、 技术方案 (1- a) 中所述的 "投料", 其中涉及的 "入搅拌加热器"、 "入搅 拌冷却器"、 "初混"、 "进螺杆挤出机"的过程都采用清洁化操作, 所述清洁化操作, 其 可包括:在投料工序中将包括由过 5~40目筛的废橡胶粗粉料与环保化软化剂或其和粉末 辅料的配方物料, 导入一密闭的搅拌加热器中的配加料操作工序, 或将热处理后的物料 导入另一密闭的搅拌冷却器中, 再向密闭搅拌冷却器中加入软化剂、 粉末辅料的配加料 操作工序, 都采用密闭的操作; 所述的密闭, 是指采用带密闭包装的进料或用密闭机械 进料, (配加料工序采用带密闭包装的人工进料, 而不使用密闭机械操作, 这仅能适用于 无严重污染的物料), 尤以采用密闭机械操作为佳。
( l-e)、 技术方案 (1-a) 中所述的 "绝氧加热", 是指在加热的同时, 又辅助实施 了如下所述的一种或一种以上的绝氧措施-
( 1 - e-l )、 避免橡胶物料在受热 100°C以上时接触含氧空气;
( 1 - e- 2)、 在对密闭加热罐实施加热前, 先对加料后的密闭罐实施抽空;
( 1-e- 3 )、 向密闭罐里充入氮气;
( 1- e- 4)、 向罐中加入水或蒸汽;
( 1-e- 5)、 在助剂物料中或和在接触胶料的冷却水中加化学抗氧剂, 所述化学抗氧 剂, 有代表性的品种至少包括: 草酸、 草酸盐, 对苯二酚、 叔丁基甲酚、 二垸基对苯二 酚、 烷基对氨基酚, 四 [ β - ( 3, 5-二叔丁基 4-羟基-苯基) 丙酸]季戊四醇酯, β (3, 5 -) 二叔丁基 4-羟基-苯基) 丙酸十八酯中的一种或一种以上的组合;
较佳的绝氧方案是将如上所述绝氧措施的全实施;
所述"加热"操作, 具有代表性的操作至少包括: 表压力为 0. 0~3. 0MPa,加热至 160 °C~260°C, 将物料在 160°C~260°C范围内搅拌、 保温、 滞留 0. 2~3小时; 当然把此加热 操作的温度适当提高, 如提至 180°C~300°C, 把搅拌、 保温、 滞留时间相应缩短, 如缩 至 0. 1~0. 5小时, 或将此加热操作的温度适当降低, 如降至 14(TC〜18(TC , 把搅拌、 保 温、 滞留时间相应延长, 如延长至 0. 3~4小时等也都是可行的; 所述的 "加热", 可以是 间歇式或连续式操作, 这取决于所选用的加热单元或组合设备。
( 1- f)、 技术方案 (I-a) 所述的 "或由过程 A, 与公知的对废橡胶的热裂解处理过 程8, 或再加上公知的由可燃油或 /和可燃气经热裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 C之间, 建立 有物料或 /和能的多向迁移关系", 这其中也包括通过市场渠道建立的联系, 其具体特征 包括如下所述的一种或一种以上的组合:
( 1 - f- 1 )、 由过程 A所得的废橡胶再生质产品中含有产自过程 B的废橡胶热裂解炭 黑或 /和填料, 或 /和过程 A在废轮胎制备过 5~40 目粗胶粉的前序加工中排出的杂废尼 龙或 /和杂废钢丝纤维供于过程 B作原料,或 /和由过程 B所得的燃料油或 /和可燃气供于 过程 C作炭源或燃料;或 /和由过程 A所得的胶浆状废橡胶再生质产品供于过程 C作替代 废糖蜜或 /和妥尔油作普通炭黑的造粒粘结剂;
( 1 - f-2)、 过程 A所用及的电能或 /和热能含有从过程 B的可燃气或 /和燃料油中获 得的燃烧热, 或含有从过程 C的烟道尾气中回收的电能或 /和余热能。
技术方案 1所述的一种废橡胶热再生或和热裂解或再与普通炭黑相联产的方法, 是 在保留对废橡胶热法再生工艺核心特色基础上再进行改良后的一个完善衔接的方案。
( 1- g)、 技术方案 (1- a) 中所述的过 5~40目筛废橡胶粗胶粉, 在用废橡胶制备过 5~40目筛粗胶粉的前序加工, 所用筛的目数, 一般的选用原则是, 对处理仅含大量纤维 的废橡胶制品如废斜交轮胎, 可选用如 10、 12、 13、 14、 15等 5~15目范围较粗的筛, 对处理含有大量钢丝等骨架料的废橡胶制品如废子午轮胎, 可选用如 20、 24、 26、 28、 30、 34、 36、 38、 40等 20~40目范围较细的筛, 对处理不含有害杂质的废橡胶制品如已 知组份的胶鞋底制品的废边料, 可选用 5、 8、 10、 16、 18等 5~20目范围较粗的筛。
( 1-h),技术方案(I-a)中所述的热再生配加料中的: "过 5~40目筛的废橡胶粗粉 料 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料"的投料重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500范围,其中较佳的"废 橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料" 的投料重量比, 包括但不限于如下这些区间: 100/8-30/50-150 、 100/8-30/150-300 、 100/30-50/20-50 、 100/30-50/50-300 、 100/30~150/20~50、 100/30~50/50~150、 100/30-150/50-1500;
更佳的 "废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料"的投料重量比, 包括但不限于- 100/8/50、 100/30/20、 100/30/50、 100/30/150、 100/30/300、 100/50/20、 100/50/50、 100/50/150、 100/50/300、 100/50/1500、 100/150/20、 100/150/50、 100/150/1500; 所述的较佳、更佳投料重量比, 其所述的 "佳 ", 仅是体现在: 可用所得的两种或两 种以上具有不同组份比例的环保化组合物产品, 下游通过不同组份产品的不同比例的拼 兑混合, 能得到更多的不同比例的组合物, 这就能使生产企业可以生产相对较少的不变 的稳定品种, 以应对下游千变万化应用的各种组合要求; 所以上述所提的较佳、 更佳投 料重量比, 不在于是否具有整数比, 而在于要具有一定的组份差异性, 当然具有整数比 会带来(如不拆袋的整包装) 投料操作的相对方便, 特别是在不使用密闭机械进行的进 料操作。
( 1- i )、技术方案(1- a)中所述的废橡胶, 是选自于用废的橡胶制品及新制品生产 过程中的废边料, 所述橡胶制品, 最具代表性的品种至少包括: 车轮胎、 车轮内胎、 水 胎胶囊、 鞋底、 缆线胶皮、 杂件中的任意一种或一种以上的组合; 所述的杂件, 按业内 的归类, 至少包括: 胶带、 胶板、 胶管、 密封件、 橡胶手套等。
( 1 - j)、 前述配方中的环保化软化剂、 粉末辅料, 按前述给出的包含品种、 投量定 义范围处理, 其它公知的废橡胶处理配方中助剂, 均可按公知技术处理。
( l-k)、 技术方案 1所述的所述 "过程 A", 其还可包括: 能适用于对各种废橡胶制 品的有效利用; 所述的有效利用, 其包括如下所述的任一条或一条以上的组合-
( 1- k- 1)、在用废橡胶制备过 5~40目筛粗胶粉的前序加工中,从废橡胶制品中所分 得的含橡胶的杂废尼龙纤维、 钢丝骨架料或 /和含橡胶量低于 20%或 /和混杂的低品位废 橡胶, 可采用热裂解方式回收燃料油、可燃气、钢丝和炭黑或 /和填料, 所回收的炭黑或 /和填料, 能作为橡胶用粉末辅料,可以前述方案 1所述配料被填充于含再生橡胶的组合 物产品中;
( 1- k-2)、 能将含橡胶量低于 20%或 /和混杂的低品位废橡胶, 通过先制成过 5〜40 目筛粗胶粉, 釆用前述方案 1所述配料和处理方式被制成含再生橡胶的组合物产品;
( 1 - k_3)、 能用废全钢子午轮胎、 半钢子午轮胎、 斜交轮胎、 自行车轮胎、 摩托车 轮胎、 人力拖车轮胎、 农用车轮胎的一种或一种以上的组合为原料;
( l_k-4)、 能用特种橡胶的废橡胶制品为原料, 如: 丁腈橡胶废制品、 三元乙丙橡 胶废制品、 卤化丁基橡胶废制品、 氯丁橡胶废制品的任一种。 技术方案 2、 装置
(2 - a)、 实施技术方案 1所述过程 A的组合装置 A, 其特征包括: 在对废橡胶配方 料实施混合或 /和加热操作的单元机械或组合机械(2-1 )的进料口上, 或 /和对废橡胶配 方料实施热处理后的放出料实施搅拌冷却或 /和拌粉冷却操作的单元或组合机械 (2 - 2) 的进料口上, 设置有密闭的配供料机械 (2- 3), 所述配供料机械, 以自动化配供料机械 为佳;
对技术方案 2所述组合装置 A, 可再进一步增加更趋完善的设置, 具体描述如下: 在具备密闭、搅拌、加热或再加上耐压功能的釜或罐或槽的单元或组合机械(2 - 1 ), 在所述(2-1 )的下出料口, 设置有具备密闭、 搅拌、冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜或罐或 槽的单元或组合机械(2-2), 在所述 (2-2)的下出料口, 或再设置有碾压或 /和塑炼或 / 和混炼功能的橡胶单元机械 (2-4),或 /和设置有具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的单元机 械(2-5), 另外还设置有具备有向单元或组合机械(2-1 )提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉 装置(2-6), 设置有具备有移去单元或组合机械 ( 2-2 )或 /和 (2-4)或 /和 (2-5)热量 的冷却装置 (2-7);
更佳的是组合装置 A还可设置有如下所列的一种或一种以上的组合- 在单元或组合装备(2-1 )的下出口, 再设置有密闭串联的滤胶或精碾螺杆等公知单 元机械(2-1-1 ) [以便于脱除热处理后物料中尚存在的硬质粗颗粒杂质, 然后将此进一步 脱杂的物料再导入实施搅拌、 冷却或再施吃粉操作的单元机械或组合装备(2-2) ]; 设置向单元或组合机械(2-1 )或 /和(2-2)或 /和供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 辅料的配 供料组合机械 (2-3 ) 的供给氮气的气源装置 (2 - 8 );
设置有吸收单元或组合机械(2-1 )或 /和 (2-2)在存有热物料的同时所排出的废气 吸收或 /和再利用装置 (2-9);
设置可有余能利用系统(2-10);
设置自动化操控系统 (11 );
更具体的是:
技术方案 2所述的 "实施混合或 /和加热操作的单元机械或组合机械 (2-1 )", 也就 是技术方案 1所述 "搅拌加热器", 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合: 间隙式操作的废橡胶再生用密闭动态加热脱硫罐, 连续式操作的废橡胶再生用密闭 搅拌加热脱硫列管, 间隙式操作的化工通用型密闭搅拌加热釜, 间隙式操作的沥青胶粉 改性用密闭搅拌加热釜等;
技术方案 2 所述的 "实施搅拌冷却或 /和拌粉冷却操作的单元机械或组合机械 (2-2)", 也就是技术方案 1所述 "搅拌冷却器", 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以 上的组合,
¾ΐ通用型密闭搅拌冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜, 通用型带冷却或再加上耐压功能 的粉体混合搅拌槽, 带冷却或再加上耐压功能的搅拌管, 橡胶制品业所用的橡胶、 粉体 混合机, 食品工业用再添加密闭、 冷却功能的面团混合机, 饲料工业用再添加密闭、 冷 却功能的面团混合机等;
所述的具备供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、粉末辅料的配供料组合机械(2-3), 可选用如 下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
料槽、 输送管、 计量衡器、 风机, 橡胶制品业中混炼工段所用的自动化密闭配料机 械, 配合饲料工业中所用的自动化密闭配料机械等;
所述的具备碾压或 /和塑炼或 /和混炼功能的橡胶单元机械 (2-4), 可选用如下所列 机械的一种或一种以上的组合:
橡胶工业用的轧辊机, 螺杆挤出机 (如: 带有夹套冷却的单螺杆挤出机, 带有夹套 冷却的双螺杆挤出机, 带有夹套冷却的组合式单螺杆挤出机, 带有夹套冷却的组合式双 螺杆挤出机等);
所述的具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的单元机械 (2-5 ), 可选用如下所列机械的一 种或一种以上的组合:
转速可在每分钟 200~1200转的管式搅拌混合器, 转速可在每分钟 200~1200转的锥 形搅拌混合器, 转速可在每分钟 200~1200转的卧式搅拌混合器等;
所述的具备提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 (2-6), 可选用如下所列机械的一种 或一种以上的组合:
燃料蒸汽锅炉、 燃料导热油锅炉、 燃料盐浴炉、 红外电热装置、 微波电热装置、 电 热棒装置、 电热板装置等;
所述的具备有移去热量的冷却装置 (2-7), 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上 的组合:
水管、 水泵、 风道管、 风机、 水喷淋冷却塔、 散热片、 导向阀门、 储水槽等; 所述的具备供给氮气的气源装置 (2-8), 可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的 组合:
钢瓶氮气、 输送管路等;
所述的具备有吸收废气吸收或 /和再利用装置(2-9 ), 可选用如下所列机械的一种或
―种以上的组合.
耐压、 耐 ^管路、 水喷射泵、 水吸收液储料槽、 热交换器、 风机、 旋风分离器、 散 热片等 ·
"、、 所 的具备有余热利用的系统(2-10),可选用如下所列机械的一种或一种以上的组 合.
带有热水散热管、 片的循环管路、 带有余热水利用的管路等。
(2 - b)、 所述实施技术方案 1的组合装置 A, 其中涉及到热螺杆挤出机的组合装备 (2-12), 热螺杆挤出机带有如下所列的一种或一种以上的组合设置相附配:
(2-12-1 )、设置有包接在热螺杆挤出机出口的水剧冷腔装置, 特征包括:在水剧冷 腔装置的上部设置有水喷淋头或和水蒸汽抽排管, 在水剧冷腔装置的下部设置有放水出 料口或和水封弯头, 或再在水剧冷腔装置的侧面设置有玻璃密封的观察视窗;
(2-12-2 )、在水剧冷腔装置中的热螺杆挤出机出料口上, 设置有对挤出胶料实施绞 碎的机构, 特征包括: 在挤出机螺杆同轴外延伸的轴头上, 设置有同向旋转绞碎的旋刀, 旋刀的工作动力来源于挤出机螺杆的带动; 或在挤出机螺杆同轴外延线上, 设置有同向 或反向旋转的绞碎刀盘, 绞碎刀盘的工作动力来源于另一独立的动力轴的带动; 或在挤 出机出料口外的下方, 设置有一旋转的绞碎刀, 绞碎刀的工作动力来源于另一独立的动 力轴的带动;
(2-12-3)、 前述(2-12-1 )所述的水剧冷腔装置, 在其下出口, 设置有循环冷却液 封水池, 所述循环冷却水液封池可选用水池、 水泵、 冷却塔、 管路、 阀门中的一种或一 种以上装置所组合而成;
(2-12-4)、 在前述 (2-12-3) 所述的循环冷却液封水池, 在其中设置有由滚动筛、 螺旋输送器、 管链式输送器、 刮板式输送器、 带式输送器中的一种或一种以上的组合装 置所构成的胶料出水机构;
所述的热螺杆挤出机的组合装备(2- 12), 其中的热螺杆挤出机, 可选用如下所列机 械的任一种或一种以上的组合- 带有壁加热的单螺杆挤出机、 带有壁加热的双螺杆挤出机、 带有壁加热的组合式单 螺杆挤出机、 带有壁加热的组合式双螺杆挤出机等;
对技术方案 (2- b ) 所述的包含热螺杆挤出机的组合装备 (2-12 ), 可再进一步增加 更趋完善的设置, 具体描述如下:
在所述 (2-12-1 ) 的水剧冷腔装置下出料口, 设置有具备碾压或 /和塑炼或 /和混炼 功能的橡胶单元机械 (2-4), 另外还设置有具备有向组合机械 (2-12) 中的热挤出单元 机械提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 (2-6), 还设置有具备有移去 (2-12) 热量的冷 却装置(2-7), 设置有具备有移去水剧冷腔装置(2-12-1 ) 的收废气吸收或 /和再利用装 置 (2-9)。
(2-c)、 技术方案 2所述的组合装置 A, 还可包括将废轮胎等废橡胶制品实施预处 理加工的组合装备 (2-13 ) 予以配套衔接, 所述预处理加工的组合装备 (2-13) 可以选 用各种市售的将废轮胎等废橡胶制品破碎处理成过 5~40目筛的成套组合装备。
(2 - d)、实施技术方案 1所述的"由过程 A,与公知的对废橡胶的热裂解处理过程 B, 或再加上公知的由可燃油或 /和可燃气经热裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 C之间,建立有物料 或 /和能的多向迁移关系", 其所用及的集成装置, 其特征在于: 由前述技术方案 (2 - a) 或和 (2- b ) 所述的组合装置 A, 与公知的对废橡胶实施热裂解以提取燃料油、 可燃气、 废橡胶裂解炭黑或 /和填料的组合装置 B,或再加上公知的以可燃的油、气为炭源、燃料, 经热裂解制备炭黑的组合装置 C所集成, 使组合装置 A、 B、 C之间建立起物料或 /和能的 传质耳关系 ·
、A B: C之间有传质联系的集成装置, 其特征至少包括如下所述的任一条:
(2-d-l )、 组合装置 A与 B或 /和 C之间存在有: B或 /和 C向 A供给炭黑或 /和填料 的机构, 或 /和 A向 B供给在 A过程的前序 ^■制备 5〜40目橡胶粗胶粒时, 所分离得到 至少是含胶粒的纤维、钢丝骨架副产物的机构,或 /和 A向 C供给胶浆状废橡胶再生质产 品作替代废糖蜜或 /和妥尔油作普通炭黑的造粒粘结剂的机构, 或 /和 B向 C供给可燃气 或 /和热裂解油的机构; 所述机构包括输送管道、输送皮带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上 的组合,
(2-d-2),组合装置 A与 B或 /和 C之间,存在有 B或 /和 C向 A供给热能的管路或 / 和电能的缆线。
(2-e)、 如技术方案 (2- a) 至 (2-d) 中所述的各种单元机械、 装置和可更佳设置 的各种单元机械、 组合机械、 装置、 机构、 系统, 均可采用公知技术和市售装备。
技术方案 3、 产品
(3 - a)、 釆用技术方 1~2中的任一条所得到的含再生橡胶的组合物产品及其应用。 所述组合物产品,其特征包括如下所列的(3- a- 1 )或(3- a- 1 )与(3- a-2)、(3- a-3)、 (3- a- 4) 的任一种或一种以上的组合:
(3 - a- 1 )、 所述含再生橡胶的环保型组合物产品, 其中: "废橡胶 /环保化软化剂 /粉 末辅料" 的重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500 范围, 较佳的 "废橡胶 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅 料" 的重量比, 包括但不限于如下这些区间:
100/8-30/50-150、 100/8-30/150-300、 100/30-50/20-50、 100/30-50/50-300、
100/30-50/50-150, 100/30~150/20~50、 100/30-150/50-1500,
更佳的 "废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料" 的重量比, 包括但不限于- 100/8/50、 100/30/20、 100/30/50、 100/30/150、 100/30/300, 100/50/20、
100/50/50、 100/50/150、 100/50/300、 100/50/1500, 100/150/20、 100/150/50、 100/150/1500,
所述产品中的软化剂, 其中的多环芳族化合物的含量至多不得超过所含软化剂重量 的 3%, 多环芳族化合物的品种符合标欧盟指令 2005/69/EC的规定 (对软化剂中的有害 杂质限制值应符合此指令及此指令日后的替代令) , 所述软化剂不包括污染性物料如煤 焦油、 松焦油、 妥尔油、 芳烃油的任一种;
(3_a- 2)、 可在所得产品中至少设置一个品种含有用废轮胎等废橡胶经热裂解处理 制得的二次再生炭黑或 /和填料;
(3-a-3)、 所用及的废橡胶制品原料是包括但不限于: 轮胎、 水胎胶囊、 内胎、 缆 线胶皮、 胶管、 胶鞋、 杂件橡胶制品边料的一种或一种以上的组合; ( 3- a- 4)、 所用及的废橡胶制品原料也可包括: 丁腈橡胶废制品、 三元乙丙橡胶废 制品、 卤化丁基橡胶废制品、 氯丁橡胶废制品的一种或一种以上的组合。
( 3-b)、 所述组合物产品的应用, 其包括但不限于: 用于轮胎外胎、 内胎、 轮胎垫 带、 预硫化胎面胶、 胶管、 输送胶带、 传动胶带、 铺地制品、 鞋底、 枕木垫;
所述应用的特点包括: 替代或部分替代下游制品配方中由再生橡胶或再生橡胶与胶 粉、 软化剂、 补强剂、 填充剂的一种或一种以上的物料所组成的集合, 可减少下游打胶 过程中的吃粉混炼操作, 可减少或消除混炼操作时的粉尘污染。
热再生所得的环保化组合物产品及其应用, 能实现对涵盖橡胶制品配方中由再生橡 胶和软化剂、 粉末辅料所组集合的环保化转型。
( 3-c)、 采用技术方案 2所得的组合装置 A, 以及组合装置 A中包含的在热挤出机 出口带有密闭的水剧冷腔等设置的挤出机组合装备, 作为独立的产品; 技术方案 2所述 的组合装置 A、 B、 C的集成, 使4、 B、 C之间有传质联系的集成装置, 也作为独立的产
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在前述方案 1和 2中, 对废橡胶热再生的配方投料, 是强调了可采用密闭机械实施 操作, 将原本在橡胶制品企业中用于炼胶工序混配和在饲料、 食品等工业中用于配料混 合的密闭配料机械及其使用的成功方案, 移植于废橡胶的热再生的配方投料操作中。
在前述方案 1中, 其软化剂强调环保性, 且是和粗胶粉或再加上大剂量粉末辅料一 起在加热罐或螺杆挤出机的加热段中被绝氧加热, 这一技术方案不会使加热罐或螺杆挤 出机的产能出现下降和能耗上升, 原因是粗胶粉堆积在加热罐里时, 物料中有很多的空 隙, 在加入了高剂量的软化剂或再加上高剂量的粉末辅料后, 不但其堆积体积并无加大 或加大不多, 反而是使物料的导热情况大为改善, 使粗胶粉所需的软化、 溶胀温度和受 热时间也大为下降, 在螺杆挤出机里也是同样道理, 虽使处理总量有增加, 但更易被软 化、 溶胀处理, 所以可适当调快处理出料间隙, 调节加快物料的过机速度。
在前述方案 1中, 对粉末辅料还提供了一种在密闭冷却罐里与正在冷却的膏桨或松 糕状胶料实现混合的技术方案, 这一技术方案不但会使被冷物料加快冷却速度, 而且充 分利用了此时物料具有的低混合阻力特性, 减少了下游混炼的高能耗; 同时还改变了现 时技术采用开放式, 在车间室内地面冷却高温罐放出料的操作, 消除了热胶料对车间空 气的严重污染, 消除了含氧空气对热胶料的剧烈焦烧; 再者也为装备化余热利用提供了 方便。
本发明所得的废橡胶再生质组合物产品的性本比明显提高,产品总量和品种数上升, 产品在下游应用中, 对应用配方中的物料集合的替代量变大, 减少了下游污染性的吃粉 打胶操作; 本发明技术方案所选的 "废橡胶 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料的重量比在 100/8-150/20-1500范围" , 能把目前国内收集橡胶制品配方数最多的 《橡胶制品实用 配方大全》(谢忠麟、杨敏芳 编, 化学工业出版社、材料科学与工程出版中心出版发行, 2004年 2月第 2版) 所列 8825个配方中的几乎任一例由再生橡胶或其和软化剂、 粉末 辅料所组集合都包括在内, 且所选软化剂不再使用现时热再生技术所倚重的煤焦油、 松 焦油、 妥尔油、 含多环的芳烃油, 也不使用有害杂质的品种、 含量不符合环保要求的软 化剂; 方案实施可在现有常用的再生橡胶、 改性沥青等生产所用的组合装备基础上, 经 增减部分功能单元设备就能实现; 能将对废旧资源的 "全额、 绿色、 高值、 节能"化的 四旗并举新理念不但具体地落实于具有较长伸长率特点的热法再生橡胶产品, 更是在此 基础上实现了产品应用的多组份集合替代和低品位原料的高质利用。
本发明在废橡胶的热再生组合装置改良上, 其新颖性、 创新性在于: 在对粗废橡胶 粉粒与环保化软化剂或环保化软化剂和粉末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热操作的单元或 组合机械的进料口上,或 /和对废橡胶与软化剂的热混料实施搅拌或拌粉的冷却操作的单 元机械或组合机械的进料口上, 设置有可自动化操控的供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 辅料的 配供料组合机械系统; 这是将在橡胶制品行业的配料打胶工段或饲料行业的配方混料工 段等都已成功应用的配供料组合机械系统, 嫁接在废橡胶的热再生工艺组合装置中, 使 此热再生工艺组合装置能适应配方中的非废橡胶成份的大量增加, 同时又不出现高剂量 g¾粉尘污染;
另外, ¾本发明中所述的热挤出机组合装备, 避免了现有热挤出机在高温下挤出胶 料被含氧空气剧烈氧化, 车间里弥漫着异味热蒸汽的弊病。
本发明提供的含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 已非传统意义上的再生橡胶, 其中的橡胶 烃含量会是明显少于 《再生橡胶》 GB/T 13460-2008 的国标各品种各规格所定义的再生 橡胶, 若仍用 GB/T 13460-2008国标来简单评判, 则本发明所述的组合物产品, 不管其 具有如何再好的环保性和应用物性, 都会被错判为 "不及格"! 国际上其它国家涉及的再 生胶的标准也都会有类似错判, 所以现有产品标准对新技术产品的 "封杀"至少也是原 因之一, 导致在本领域, 长期没有人提出如前所述的技术方案 1中的投料组合范围为特 征的技术方案, 为解决这一对产品评判的困难, 本发明人在此提供一种以现有行业中习 惯使用的国家标准为基石的 "广义评判法"。
所谓"广义评判法", 其评判的机理是: 在一个相同的参比背景胶料下, 分别测定含 有相同重量的已知质量级别的基准胶料集合 1和未知质量级别的待判胶料集合 2, 当两 组胶料具有相等或相近的物性值时, 则可判得集合 2与集合 1具有相同或相近的质量级 别。
其具体测法可以是:
a、 用 《再生橡胶》 GB/T 13460-2008国标先对市售传统意义上的再生橡胶简单评判 出优级、 一级、 二级、 合格级的 1至 4块胶料, 然后用评判出的胶料作为基准胶料; b、将各级基准胶料按本发明提供的含再生橡胶的组合物的具体品种中所含的 "废橡 胶 /软化剂 /粉末辅料"的重量比和品种, 配成 1至 4个基准组份集合;
c、将配成的基准组份集合与作为被检的本发明提供的含再生橡胶的组合物产品,取 等重量混炼进同组份、 等重量的几块某背景胶料中, 然后按常规处理, 测出各胶料物性 数据;
d、再具体比较被检的胶样与代表优级、一级、二级、合格级的各级基准胶料的差异, 给出被检的胶样级别;
e、再从与被检胶样同级基准胶料的组份, 产业部门的交易双方能从市价估算, 得出 被检含再生橡胶的组合物产品的单位重量的价值;
f、实际质检时, 仅需用检测配方测一块被检样, 用所测物性数据与预先测好的分级 数据比较, 就能得出胶样级别数。
本发明人经实践后发现, 废橡胶再生后其再生胶质的烃链质量级别, 并不会因其在 胶料中被稀释而降级。
本发明技术方案 1 中所述的过程 A, 其中包括的两个必要条件, 其一是: "过 5〜40 目筛的废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料"的重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500范围, 其二是: 绝氧加热。 这一必要的组合方案, 并不能从现有公开技术经简单的组合, 不经 创造性的劳动就能得到的, 这是因为, 长期以来, 在本技术领域中始终存在着两个阻碍 技术进步的错误 "共识", 其一是: 市场不接受在再生橡胶配方中使用昂贵的环保化软化 剂; 其二是: 国内外的各种再生橡胶的质量标准, 都不认可橡胶烃含量低的再生橡胶产 品。 所以 "环保化软化剂 /粉末辅料"不可能被大剂量的加入, 因为这似乎会使产品中的 成本上升, 橡胶烃含量下降, 产品性本比下降。 而本发明技术方案, 因着眼强调所得产 品要能对下游用户配方中的再生胶、 软化剂、 粉末辅料集合的全覆盖和环保化转型 (即 提了产品的质和量),技术方案又避免了现有产业链分工中存在的过量加工(即再生胶生 产企业化大力把胶料尽可能的做成橡胶烃含量高, 得到所谓高物性的再生胶产品, 下游 企业又化大力把胶料再与软化剂、 粉末辅料等相混, 把再生的橡胶烃稀释进新橡胶制品 的胶料中), 节省了下游大量无为的能耗和加工费用 (即降低了上、 下游生产的本), 并 提供了一种源于再生橡胶国标的新产品广义评价测试方案(配备了评判手段),使下游企 业在应用再生质橡胶产品时虽有优质、 优价进料, 但因能大大节省环保、 能耗等加工费 用, 上、 下游企业综合测算结果都是提质降本; 这才使高剂量使用 "环保化软化剂 /粉末 辅料"的技术方案得以成立。 附图说明
图 1为本发明所述废轮胎等废橡胶实施热再生新工艺 A所用及的组合装置 A的一种 示意方框图。
图 2为本发明所述废轮胎等废橡胶实施热再生新工艺 A所用及的组合装置 A的另一 种示意方框图。
图 3为本发明所述所用及的组合装置 A中可包括的一种挤出机组合装备示意图。 图 4为本发明所述的废橡胶热再生和热裂解或再与普通炭黑相联产的方法所用及的 组合装置的示意图。 具体实施方式
接下来再通过实施例进一步说明本发明提出的技术方案的具体实施方式, 但这些具 体实施方式所介绍的实施例, 其中涉及的废橡胶、 软化剂、 粉末辅料等的品种和投料比 例, 都仅是作为代表, 不应被看作是对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例 1、
( 1-1 )、 制备: 取已脱除了纤维、 钢丝杂质的过 20~40目筛的废轮胎胎顶部分橡胶 粗粉料 100重量份 (以下都简称 "份"), 可釆用密闭操作, 将物料一一导入一密闭的搅 拌加热罐中,先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂,所述的先加部分配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 150份, 具体包括: 环保型橡胶填充油 15份、 30号机油 67份、 石 蜡 10份、 硬脂酸 28份; 抗氧剂 3份, 品种采用: 2, 6-二叔丁基对甲酚; 水 13份。 所 述软化剂, 可先期热混配好, 再用泵计量加入。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺 序可颠倒, 尤以水先加为好, 这样可以防止热罐烧料。 配方助剂中的环保化软化剂, 废 橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/150。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气阀门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放气阀 门。 搅拌加热至 240°C , 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热, 保温 20~40分钟。 打开搅拌加热 罐放气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后达 标排放,(放气过程要注意不能过快, 因为呈膏浆状的物料与其中含有的水减压后会形成 泡沬, 若泡沬大量被排出气带出加热罐, 在管道里冷却后会形成堵塞), 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈膏浆状物料导入另一密闭的 带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将呈膏浆状物料放入冷却搅拌罐前, 先预先向密闭冷 却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在放入时一边搅拌一边放水冷 却, 待膏桨状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭膏浆物料进料门。 所加入的粉末辅料, 废橡 胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/558, 具体是: N220炭黑 300份, N330炭黑 200份, 废轮 胎胎侧料和废轮胎中的杂废尼龙纤维热裂解炭黑 58份。混合物料呈松糕状,将松糕状物 料搅拌冷却至尚呈没结团状放出, 混合操作所用时间一般掌控在 10~20分钟较佳, 以不 要影响前道加热操作的产能为度, 放出物料可装入包装物盒、 袋中, 放出物料的较佳温 度可控制在 30~4(TC范围, 所得松糕状产品即是本发明所述掺混有环保化的高剂量软化 剂和高剂量粉末辅料的含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 它在下游橡胶制品配方应用中能实现 涵盖由再生橡胶或其和软化剂、 粉末辅料的一种或一种以上物料所组集合。
上述操作中所涉及的配加料, 均釆用密闭机械操作, 所述的机械操作以设置有自动 化操控电路系统的为佳。
本实施例采用了新再生过程 A, 用及了公知的热裂解过程 B处理废轮胎胎侧料和废 轮胎中的杂废尼龙纤维, 将过程 B所得的热裂解炭黑作为粉末辅料组份之一被掺入再生 橡胶产品,处理中所用及的加热源或 /和电能可取源于过程 B或 /和制备 N220、 N300等普 通炭黑的过程 C所余的可燃气、 烟道气; 另外值得一提的是, 从本实施例所得的呈膏浆 状或称胶浆状废橡胶再生质产品的物料(若不再拌入粉末辅料),可供于过程 C作替代废 糖蜜或 /和妥尔油作普通炭黑的造粒粘结剂。
( 1-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000015_0001
( 1-3)、用途: 本实施例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于轮胎胎面用料。 实施例 2、
(2-1 )、制备:取已脱除了纤维、钢丝杂质的过 20~40目筛的废轮胎橡胶粗粉料 100 份, 导入一密闭的搅拌加热罐中, 先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂, 所述 的先加部分配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 32份, 具体包括: 环保型橡胶填充油 10份、 40号机油 16份、 石蜡 4份、 硬脂酸 2份; 抗氧剂 3份, 品种采用: 2, 6-二叔丁基对甲 酚; 水 13份。废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。配方助剂中的环保化软 化剂, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/32。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气 阀门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放气阀门。 搅拌加热至 260°C, 罐中压力 3. 0MPa, 停止加热, 保温 30分钟。 打开搅拌加 热罐放气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后 达标排放, 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈 松糕状物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将呈松糕状物料放入冷却 搅拌罐前, 先预先向密闭冷却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在 放入时一边搅拌一边放水冷却, 待松糕状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭松糕物料进料门。 所加入的粉末辅料量, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/65, 具体是: N550炭黑 40份, 废轮胎胎侧料和废轮胎中的杂废尼龙纤维热裂解炭黑 25份。混合物料呈松糕状,将松糕 状物料搅拌冷却至尚呈没结团状放出, 即得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也 可再将搅拌冷却的松糕状物料再导入带有夹套介质冷却的轧辊机械进行过辊加工, 将过 辊加工后的下机胶料用空气或水冷却至 40°C以下, 便可直接供使用或再经均一化处理后 进行包装待用, 所得产品为掺混有环保化的高剂量软化剂和高剂量粉末辅料的含再生橡 胶的组合物产品。
本实施例釆用了新再生过程 A, 用及了公知的热裂解过程 B处理废轮胎胎侧料和废 轮胎中的杂废尼龙纤维, 将过程 B所得的热裂解炭黑作为粉末辅料组份之一被掺入再生 橡胶产品,处理中所用及的加热源或 /和电能可取源于过程 B或 /和制备 N550等普通炭黑 的过程 C所余的可燃气、 烟道气。
( 2-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000016_0001
实施例 3
( 3-1 )、 制备: 将过 5目左右的废丁基水胎的粗胶粒料 100份导入一密闭的搅拌加 热罐中, 先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂, 所述的先加部分配方助剂, 其 组成为: 软化剂 55. 5份, 具体包括: 环保型橡胶填充油 26份、 石蜡 10份、 微晶蜡 6. 5 份、 硬脂酸 13份; 水 13份。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 配方助 剂中的环保化软化剂, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/55. 5。 装料完成后, 关闭装料 门, 打开进、 放气阀门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放气阀门。 搅拌加热至 240°C, 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热、 保温 1 小时, 将保温处理后的物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 打开搅拌加 热罐放气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后 达标排放, 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈 松糕状物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将呈松糕状物料放入冷却 搅拌罐前, 先预先向密闭冷却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在 放入时一边搅拌一边放水冷却, 待松糕状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后,关闭松糕物料进料门。 所加入的粉末辅料, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/356, 具体是: N375炭黑 356份。 混合物料呈松糕状, 将松糕状物料搅拌冷却至尚呈没结团状放出, 即得本发明所述的含 再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将搅拌冷却松糕状物料再导入带有夹套介质冷却的轧辊 机械进行过辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料用空气或水冷却至 40Ό以下, 便可直接供 使用或再经均一化处理后进行包装待用, 所得产品为掺混有环保化的高剂量软化剂和高 剂量粉末辅料的含丁基再生橡胶的组合物产品。
( 3-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000017_0001
胎用料。
实施例 4、
( 4-1 )、制备: 取过 20目筛的废橡胶粗粉料 100份导入一密闭的搅拌加热罐中, 加 入符合环保要求的软化剂和粉末辅料等配方助剂, 所述的配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 38. 7份, 具体包括: 环保型橡胶填充油 20份、 石蜡 1. 2份、 古马隆 12. 5份、 30号机油 2. 5份、 硬脂酸 2. 5份; 橡胶用补强剂和填充剂粉末辅料 120份, 具体包括: N330炭黑 25份、 N660炭黑 40份、 轻质碳酸钙 50份、 氧化锌 5份; 抗氧剂 5份, 品种选用草酸; 水 13份。废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。加入的环保化软化剂, 废橡 胶粗粉与其的重量比为 100/38. 7,加入粉末辅料,废橡胶粗粉与其的重量比为 100/120。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门。 搅拌加热至 240°C, 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热、 保温 40 分钟。 将保温处理后的物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中实施搅拌冷却 操作,此时混合物料呈松糕状, 混合物料当冷却至室温〜 80°C放出, 即得本发明所述的含 再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将冷却物料再导入带有冷却介质夹套的轧辊机械进行过 辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料用空气或水冷却至 40Ό以下, 便可直接供使用或再经 均一化处理后进行包装待用, 所得产品为惨混有环保化的高剂量软化剂和高剂量粉末辅 料的含再生橡胶的组合物产品。
(4-2 )检测对比:
Figure imgf000018_0001
(4-3 ), 用途: 本例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于有内胎轮胎的油皮 胶用料。
实施例 5、
( 5-1 )、 制备: 将过 5目左右的废丁基水胎的粗胶粒料 100份导入一密闭的搅拌加 热罐中, 加入符合环保要求的软化剂和粉末辅料配方助剂, 所述的配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 24份, 具体包括: 石蜡 19份、 硬脂酸 5份; 粉末辅料 65份, 具体是: N550炭 黑 45份、 N660炭黑 20份; 水 13份。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 配方助剂中的环保化软化剂, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/24, 加入的粉末辅料, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/65。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气阀门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放气阀 门。 搅拌加热至 240°C, 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热、 保温 1小时, 将保温处理后的物 料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 打开搅拌加热罐放气阀门, 将加热罐 放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、吸收除废的组合装置处理后达标排放, 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈松糕状物料导入另一密闭的 带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 物料在放入时一边搅拌一边放水冷却, 待松糕状物料放 进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭松糕物料进料门。 将松糕状物料搅拌冷却至尚呈没结团状放出, 即得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将搅拌冷却松糕状物料再导入带有 夹套介质冷却的轧辊机械进行过辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料用空气或水冷却至 40 °C以下, 便可直接供使用或再进行包装待用, 所得产品为掺混有环保化的软化剂和高剂 量粉末辅料的含丁基再生橡胶的组合物产品。
( 5-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000019_0001
实施例 6、
( 6-1 )、 制备: 取过 20~30目筛的废斜交轮胎橡胶粗粉料 100份, 将其导入一密闭 的搅拌加热罐中, 加入符合环保要求的软化剂配方助剂, 所述的配方助剂, 其中的软化 剂 61份, 具体是: 橡胶籽油 26份、 石蜡油 6份、 环烷油 25份、 硬脂酸 1. 5份, 松香 2. 5份; 抗氧剂 5份, 品种可选草酸或 /和叔丁基甲酚; 水 15份。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方 助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 关闭进料口, 搅拌加热至 220 °C ~240 °C, 罐中压力 1. 5-2. OMPa, 停止加热、 保温 20分钟〜 3小时, 将保温处理后的物料导入另一密闭的带 有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 搅拌罐以具有绝氧条件为佳, 再向密闭罐中加入橡胶用补 强剂和填充剂粉末辅料, 所述粉末辅料 85份, 具体是: N330炭黑 10份, N660炭黑 25 份, 废轮胎中的杂废尼龙纤维和含胶量低于 20%且胶种混杂的杂橡胶料的热裂解渣料 25 份, 陶土 25份。 待粉末辅料与松糕状胶料物混匀, 混合物料冷却至室温至 80°C放出, 即得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将冷却物料再导入带有冷却介质夹 套的轧辊机械进行过辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料用空气或水冷却至 40°C以下, 便 可直接供使用或再经均一化处理后进行包装待用, 所得产品为掺混有环保化的高剂量软 化剂和高剂量粉末辅料的含再生橡胶的组合物产品。
(6-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000020_0001
( 6-3)、用途: 本例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于有轮胎垫带胶用料。 实施例 7、
( 7-1 )、制备: 取过 20目筛的废胶鞋橡胶粗粉料 100份, 将其导入一密闭的搅拌加 热罐中, 加入符合环保要求的软化剂配方助剂, 所述的配方助剂, 其中的软化剂 29. 25 份, 具体是: 环保型橡胶填充油 8份、 环垸油 7. 5份、 凡士林 6. 25、 硬脂酸 5份, 松香 2. 5份; 抗氧剂 5份, 品种可选草酸或 /和叔丁基甲酚; 水 15份。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方 助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 关闭进料口, 搅拌加热至 220°C, 罐中压力 1. 8Mpa时, 停 止加热、 保温 20~30分钟, 将保温处理后的物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅 拌罐中, 搅拌罐以具有绝氧条件为佳, 再向密闭罐中加入橡胶用补强剂和填充剂粉末辅 料, 所述粉末辅料 232. 75份, 具体是: ^30炭黑62. 5份, N774炭黑 37. 5份, 杂废胶 鞋 60目胶粉 75份,陶土 25份,轻质碳酸钙 32. 75份。待粉末辅料与松糕状胶料物混匀, 混合物料冷却至室温〜 80°C放出,即得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品;也可再将 冷却物料再导入带有冷却介质夹套的轧辊机械进行过辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料 用空气或水冷却至 4CTC以下, 便可直接供使用或再经均一化处理后进行包装待用, 所得 产品为掺混有环保化的软化剂和高剂量粉末辅料的含再生橡胶的组合物产品。
(7-2 )检测对比:
Figure imgf000021_0001
( 7-3)、 用途: 本例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于自行车外胎胎面胶 用料 <
实施例 8、
(8 - 1 )、制备:取已脱除了纤维、钢丝杂质的过 20~30目筛的废轮胎橡胶粗粉料 21. 25 份, 导入一密闭的搅拌加热罐中, 先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂, 所述 的先加部分配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 10. 5份, 具体包括: 环烷油 4. 5份、 古马隆 1份、石蜡 1份、硬脂酸 4份; 抗氧剂 1份, 品种可采用: 2, 6-二叔丁基对甲酚; 水 2. 8 份。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 配方助剂中的环保化软化剂, 废 橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/49. 41。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气阀门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放气阀 门。搅拌加热至 240°C, 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热, 保温 30分钟。 打开搅拌加热罐放 气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后达标排 放, 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈松糕状 物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将呈松糕状物料放入冷却搅拌罐 前, 先预先向密闭冷却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在放入时 一边搅拌一边放水冷却, 待松糕状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭松糕物料进料门。 所加 入的粉末辅料, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/235. 29, 具体是: N220炭黑 15份, N330炭黑 35份。 混合物料呈松糕状, 将松糕状物料搅拌冷却至尚呈没结团状放出, 即 得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将搅拌冷却松糕状物料再导入带有夹 套介质冷却的炼胶机械进行过辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料用空气冷却至 40Ό以 下, 便可直接供使用或进行包装待用, 所得产品为糁混有环保化的高剂量软化剂和高剂 量粉末辅料的含再生橡胶的组合物产品。
Figure imgf000022_0001
用料。
实施例 9、
(9-1 )、 制备: 取已脱除了纤维、 钢丝杂质的过 20~30 目筛的废轮胎橡胶粗粉料 9 份, 导入一密闭的搅拌加热罐中, 先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂, 所述 的先加部分配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 7份, 具体包括: 环烷油 4. 5份、 古马隆 0. 5 份、 石蜡 1份、 硬脂酸 1份; 抗氧剂 0. 1份, 品种可采用: 2, 6-二叔丁基对甲酚; 水 1. 2份。废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 配方助剂中的环保化软化剂, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/77. 78。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气阀 门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放 气阀门。搅拌加热至 240°C, 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热, 保温 30分钟。 打开搅拌加热 罐放气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后达 标排放, 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈膏 浆状物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将膏浆状物料放入冷却搅拌 罐前, 先预先向密闭冷却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在放入 时一边搅拌一边放水冷却, 待膏浆状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭膏浆物料进料门。 所 加入的粉末辅料,废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/500,具体是: N774炭黑 25份, N330 炭黑 20份。 混合物料呈粉末状, 将粉末状物料搅拌冷却至 40Ό放出, 即得本发明所述 的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将搅拌冷却粉末状物料再导入带有夹套介质冷却的 高速搅拌机械进行精细化混合加工, 再经轧辊碾压成片屑, 将片屑状胶料输进储料仓然 后再进行集中包装, 所得产品为掺混有环保化的高剂量软化剂和高剂量粉末辅料的片屑 状含再生橡胶的组合物产品。
(9-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000023_0001
(9-3)、 用途: 本实施例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于轮胎胶用料。 实施例 10、
( 10-1 )、 制备: 取已脱除了纤维、 钢丝杂质的过 20~30目筛的废轮胎橡胶粗粉料 9 份, 导入一密闭的搅拌加热罐中, 先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂, 所述 的先加部分配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 12份, 具体包括: 环垸油 7份、 古马隆 1. 5 份、 石蜡 1份、 硬脂酸 2. 5份; 抗氧剂 0. 1份, 品种可釆用: 2, 6-二叔丁基对甲酚; 水 1. 2份。 废橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 配方助剂中的环保化软化剂, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/133. 33。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气阀 门, 先用氮气充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放 气阀门。 搅拌加热至 24CTC , 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热, 保温 30分钟。 打开搅拌加热 罐放气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后达 标排放, 关上放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈膏 浆状物料导入另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将膏浆状物料放入冷却搅拌 罐前, 先预先向密闭冷却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在放入 时一边搅拌一边放水冷却, 待膏浆状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭膏浆物料进料门。 所 加入的粉末辅料量, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/1500, 具体是: N774炭黑 25份, N330炭黑 25份, 轻质碳酸钙 36份, 陶土 49份。 混合物料呈粉末状, 将粉末状物料搅 拌冷却至 40°C放出, 即得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将搅拌冷却粉 末状物料再导入带有夹套介质冷却的高速搅拌机械进行精细化混合加工, 再经轧辊碾压
Figure imgf000024_0002
Figure imgf000024_0001
胶用料。
实施例 11、
( 11-1 )、制备: 取已脱除了纤维、钢丝杂质的过 20~30目筛的低品位废杂橡胶粗粉 料 200份,导入一密闭的搅拌加热罐中,先加入符合环保要求的软化剂等部分配方助剂, 所述的先加部分配方助剂, 其组成为: 软化剂 34份, 具体包括: 环烷油 28份、 古马隆 5份、 硬脂酸 1份; 抗氧剂 0. 1份, 品种可采用: 2, 6-二叔丁基对甲酚; 水 24份。 废 橡胶粗粉料与配方助剂的加料前后顺序可颠倒。 配方助剂中的环保化软化剂, 废橡胶粗 粉料与其的重量比为 100/17。 装料完成后, 关闭装料门, 打开进、 放气阀门, 先用氮气 充赶去物料中所带进罐的含氧空气, 充放钢瓶氮气约 5分钟, 关上进、 放气阀门。 搅拌 加热至 24CTC , 罐中压力 2. 0MPa, 停止加热, 保温 30分钟。 打幵搅拌加热罐放气阀门, 将加热罐放出的高温蒸汽经尾气余热利用、 吸收除废的组合装置处理后达标排放, 关上 放气阀门, 稍留搅拌加热罐余压, 以便于物料的放出。 将保温处理后呈松糕状物料导入 另一密闭的带有冷却介质夹套的搅拌罐中, 在将松糕状物料放入冷却搅拌罐前, 先预先 向密闭冷却搅拌罐中加入橡胶用粉末辅料配方部分后加助剂, 物料在放入时一边搅拌一 边放水冷却, 待松糕状物料放进冷却搅拌罐后, 关闭松糕物料进料门。 所加入的粉末辅 料, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/134, 具体是: N774炭黑 35份, N330炭黑 33份, 40~60目橡胶废边料胶粉 200份。 混合物料呈粉末状, 将粉末状物料搅拌冷却至 4(TC放 出, 即得本发明所述的含再生橡胶的组合物产品; 也可再将搅拌冷却粉末状物料再导入 带有夹套介质冷却的高速搅拌机械进行精细化混合加工, 再经轧辊碾压成片屑, 将片屑 状胶料输进储料仓然后再进行集中包装, 所得产品为掺混有环保化的软化剂和高剂量粉 末辅料的片屑状含再生橡胶的组合物产品。
( 11-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000025_0001
( 11-3)、用途: 本实施例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于枕木下大垫胶 实施例 12、
( 12-1 )、制备: 将 20~30目的废橡胶粗粉料 140份和软化剂、橡胶用粉末辅料配方 助剂的粗搅拌混合物料导入一带有加热的螺杆挤出机中, 所述环保化软化剂, 废橡胶粗 粉料与其的重量比为 100/45, 具体是: 环烷油 15份, 机油 20份, 氧化无臭沥青 25份, 石蜡 2份, 硬脂酸 1份; 所述橡胶用粉末辅料, 废橡胶粗粉料与其的重量比为 100/250, 具体是: 轻质碳酸钙 300份, 100目 (废轮胎胶粉 /废橡胶热裂解炭黑 =3/2 ) 50份; 可将 粗胶粉和多种助剂混合料在螺杆中被挤过一 200Ό的加热段, 物料经加热螺杆挤出机口, 进入一绝氧密闭的水剧冷腔, 在剧冷腔中可对挤出物料实施绞碎, 将绞碎呈粒状的物料 冷却至室温〜 100°C, 将冷却物料再导入带有夹套介质冷却的塑混炼机械进行过辊加工, 将过辊加工后的下机胶料用空气或水冷却至 4CTC以下, 便可直接供使用或再经均一化处 理后进行包装待用, 所得即为含再生橡胶的组合物产品;
( 12-2 ) 检测对比:
Figure imgf000026_0001
( 12-3)、用途: 本实施例所得含再生橡胶的组合物产品, 至少可用于汽车挡泥板胶 用料。
上述实施例 1至 12中所给出的检测方本身,就都是本发明所述含再生橡胶组合物产 品应用的很好的配方实施例。 各实施例中的被测料, 其质量都不低于各实施例中的基准 组份集合, 各实施例中的被测料的市值, 可用对应的基准组份集合的市场价格来予以定 量换算, 再联系上用被测料与基准组份集合打胶的能耗、 环保等费用差异, 产业部门的 各交易方就可方便地对本发明提供的含再生橡胶组合物产品进行公平的定价。
由上述实施例 1至 12中所给出的检测结果,可以发现,废橡胶再生后其再生橡胶的 烃链质量级别, 并不会因其在胶料中被稀释而降级。
实施例 13、
如附图 1所示, 为本发明所述对废轮胎等废橡胶实施热再生新工艺 A, 所用及的组 合装置 A的一个实施例的示意方框图, 整个组合装置 A中, 具体包括: 将废轮胎等废橡 胶制品实施预处理加工成过 5〜40 目筛的粗废橡胶粉粒成套组合装备 13, 对废橡胶粗粉 料与软化剂或软化剂和粉末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热操作的单元机械或组合机械 1, 在单元或组合装备 1 的下出口设置有密闭串联的滤胶或精碾螺杆等公知单元机械 1 - 1, 对废橡胶与软化剂的热混料实施搅拌、 冷却或再施吃粉操作的单元机械或组合机械 2, 具备碾压、 塑炼或混炼和塑炼功能的橡胶单元机械 4, 具备有对粉末料进行剧烈搅拌的 单元机械 5, 向单元机械或组合机械 1提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 能够移去单 元机械或组合机械 2或 /和 4或 /和 5热量的冷却装置 7, 向单元机械或组合机械 1或 /和 2供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 辅料的配供料组合机械 3, 向单元机械或组合机械 1或 /和 2 供给氮气的气源装置 8, 具有对单元机械或组合机械 1或 /和 2在存有热物料的同时所排 出的废气吸收或 /和再利用装置 9, 余能利用系统 10, 自动化操控系统 11。
图中所述的成套组合装备, 单元机械或组合机械, 装置、 系统都可选用公知产品或 公知技术制造所得;
针对本发明的特征, 更具体地讲, 本实施例所述的单元机械或组合机械 1, 可选用 公知产品, 如可选用如下所述的一种或一种以上的组合:
如高密市永进机械科技有限公司出品的高压动态脱硫罐(DTY), 上海依卡机电制造 有限公司供应废橡胶粉改性沥青用加热均质化搅拌罐; 鑫业公司研制成功废轮胎改沥青 成套设备等;
本实施 ί列所述的单元机械或组合机械 2, 可选用公知产品, 如可选用如下所述的一 中 _ '种以卜的幺 合.
化工通用型密 1¾搅拌冷却或再加上耐压功能的釜, 通用型带冷却或再加上耐压功能 的粉体混合搅拌槽, 橡胶制品业所用的橡胶、 粉体混合机, 食品工业用再加添密闭、 冷 却功能的面团混合机, 饲料工业用再加添密闭、 冷却功能的面团混合机等;
本实施例所述的配供料组合机械 3, 可选用公知产品, 如可选用如下所述的一种或 ——中 P丄 h& l^^'
由包括 ϋ、 输送管、 计量衡器、 自动化操控电路、 控制软件等组成的如: 宁波申 科工业秤重技术有限公司出品的自动配料称量系统配料机, 乳山市申德饲料机械有限公 司出品的自动化成套控制系统, 上海贝丁汉工业自动化设备有限公司出品的橡胶行业称 重配料系统, 常州市科航公司出品的橡胶自动配料系统等;
产品能从本实施例所述的组合装置 Α中 4的下出口出料, 能得到呈胶条、 胶片状或 片、 屑颗粒状的组合物产品; 或从组合装置 A中 2的下出口出料, 能得到呈松糕状的组 合物产品; 或组合装置 A中 5的下出口出料, 得到膏浆状或粉末状的组合物产品。
实施例 14、
如附图 2所示, 为本发明所述对废轮胎等废橡胶实施热再生新工艺 A, 所用及的组 合装置 A的另一实施例的示意方框图, 整个组合装置 A中, 具体包括: 将废轮胎等废橡 胶制品实施预处理加工成过 5~40目筛的粗废橡胶粉粒成套组合装备 13,在对 5〜40目粗 废橡胶粉粒与软化剂和粉末辅料, 实施搅拌、 混合、 加热再加上混炼功能的含螺杆挤出 单元或组合装备 12, 在组合装备 12的出料口, 设置的具备绝氧、 密闭的水剧冷腔装置 12-1 ,在所述 12- 1的出料口,设置有具备塑炼或混炼和塑炼功能的螓杆挤出机单元机械 4, 另外还设置有向组合装备 12提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 还设置有具备有 移去螺杆挤出机单元机械 4热量的冷却装置 7, 设置有移去螺杆挤出机单元机械 4热出 料的潮热汽和风冷、 集料的装置 14, 向组合装备 12供给粗胶粉粒或 /和助剂、 辅料的配 供料组合机械 3,在水剧冷腔装置 12-1中设置有对挤出胶料实施绞碎的机构 12-2,有吸 收组合装备 12或 /和 12-1在存有物料受热所放出的废气吸收或 /和再利用装置 9, 有余 热利用系统 10。
产品能从本实施所述的组合装置 A中 14的下出口出料, 能得到呈胶团粒状的组合 物产品。
图中所述的成套组合装备, 单元机械或组合机械, 装置、 系统都可选用公知产品或 公知技术制造所得。
实施例 15、
如附图 3所示, 为本发明所述对废轮胎等废橡胶实施热再生新工艺 A, 所用及的组 合装置 A中可包括的一种含有挤出机的组合装备 12的示意图,其特征是:在实施加热操 作的挤出机出口设置有密闭的水剧冷腔装置; 它能避免现有挤出机在高温下挤出胶料被 含氧空气剧烈氧化, 车间里弥漫着异味热蒸汽的弊病;
这种组合装备 12中, 除了含有具备加热和混炼功能的螺杆挤出机单元机械外,具体 设置还可包括: 具备绝氧、 密闭的水剧冷腔装置 12-1, 带有水冷夹套的具备塑炼或混炼 和塑炼功能的螺杆挤出机单元机械 4, 具备有移去螺杆挤出机单元机械热出料的潮热汽 和风冷、 集料的装置 14, 设置在水剧冷腔装置 12-1中, 有对挤出机所出胶料实施绞碎 的机构 12-2, 向加热螺杆挤出机单元机械提供热能的电热装置或燃料炉装置 6, 设置有 具备有移去单元机械 4热量的冷却装置 7, 设置有循环冷却水液封池 12- 3, 胶料出水滚 筛 12- 4等。
产品从组合装置中的旋风分离器 14的下出口出料,能得到呈胶粒或胶团粒状的组合 物产品。
实施例 16、
如附图 4所示, 为本发明所述的 "废橡胶热再生和热裂解或再与普通炭黑相联产的 方法"所用及的组合装置的示意图, 其特征是: 所述组合装置是由对废橡胶实施热再生 的组合装置 A, 与公知的对废橡胶实施热裂解以提取燃料油、 可燃气、 废橡胶裂解炭黑 或 /和填料的组合装置] 3, 或再加上公知的以可燃的油、 气为炭源、 燃料, 经热裂解制备 炭黑的组合装置 C所集成; 组合装置具体设置包括:
组合装置 A, 其中又包括: 粗胶粉粒加工成套组合装备 1, 搅拌、 混合、 加热操作组 合机械 2, 搅拌、 冷却、 吃粉的组合机械 3, 配供料组合机械 4, 碾压、 混炼、 塑炼机械 5, 粉末料剧烈搅拌的机械 6, 蒸汽包 7, 供电变压器 8等;
组合装置 B, 其中又包括: 废轮胎热裂解炉 9, 冷凝器 10, 油水分离器 11, 油储器 12, 贮气柜 13, 粗炭黑集料仓 14, 粗碎机 15, 震荡筛 16, 磁选机 17, 精碎机 18, 钢丝 集料斗 19, 细于 500目的超细炭黑集料仓 20, 供电变压器 21等;
组合装置 C, 其中又包括: 原料油脱水罐 22, 导油泵 23, 原料油罐 24, 燃料油罐 25, 燃料油过滤器 26, 燃料泵 27, 原料油过滤器 28, 原料油泵 29, 喷燃雾化器 30, 水 泵 31 , 炭黑反应炉燃烧段 32, 空气预热器 33, 余热锅炉 34, 原料油预热器 35, 燃料油 预热器 36, 压缩空气 37, 主供风机 38, 原料油喷嘴 39, 泵 40, 主滤袋器 41 , 袋滤器储 斗 42, 旋风分离器 43, 湿法造粒机 44, 反吹风机 45, 蒸汽包 46, 余热锅炉 47, 蒸汽包 48, 汽轮发电机组 49, 产品储罐 50, 成品输送器 51, 滤器气密阀 52, 筛选机 53, 微粉 碎机 54, 干燥机 55, 贮斗 56, 主供料输送器 57等。
组合装置 、 B、 C之间的联系特征, 至少包括:
( 16-1 ), 组合装置 A的配供料组合机械 4与 B中的超细炭黑集料仓 20和 C中的炭 黑产品储罐 50之间存在有 B、 C向 A供给炭黑的机构, 所述机构包括输送管道、 输送皮 带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上的组合;
( 16-2)、组合装置 A的供电变压器 8与 B的供电变压器 21和 C的汽轮发电机组 49 之间存在有 C向 A、 B供给电能的缆线;
( 16-3)、 组合装置 A的蒸汽包 7与 C的汽轮发电机组 49之间存在有 C向 A供给汽 轮机低压蒸汽的管路;
( 16-4)、组合装置 A的粗胶粉粒加工成套组合装备 1与 B的废轮胎热裂解炉 9之间 存在有 A向 B供给杂废纤维、 低品位废橡胶的的机构, 所述机构包括输送管道、 输送皮 带、 输送车辆的一种或一种以上的组合。
本发明人经上述的说明, 相信可使本领域的技术人员明了, 本发明的新颖性至少在 于: 在传统的废橡胶热法再生工艺中, 对产品的着重点仅是停留在追求产品中橡胶烃含 量在尽可能高的前提下, 胶料所对应存在的复原性高指标值, 新近的废橡胶热法再生工 艺中, 虽已有分别提出使用环保化软化剂, 加高剂量 (污染性) 软化剂, 加高剂量炭黑 的专利申请, 但囿于传统错误共识的障碍, 还未见有本发明人所提供的在 "配料中加入 高剂量的环保化软化剂或 /和高剂量粉末辅料, 以求所得的含有再生橡胶的组合物产品, 在用于橡胶制品配方时, 能实现涵盖橡胶制品配方中再生橡胶和软化剂、 粉末辅料所组 集合, 且还能使被涵盖的配方物料集合实现环保化转型"的方案。 在现有的废橡胶热法 再生工艺中, 因不涉及粉体辅料特别是炭黑的大剂量加入, 故向设备中的加料工序都使 用开放式人工操作,而本发明人为使废橡胶热法再生工艺能适合废 "废橡胶 /环保化软化 剂 /粉末辅料的重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500 "的宽范围, 率先提出了与之对应的 "配加 物料都采用密闭机械操作"的方案。 本发明人还注意将新方法实施, 在和相关产业 (废 橡胶热裂解、 普通炭黑生产) 过程之间的联系等层面上, 实现充分条件的配合, 同步提 升相关产业的清洁化、 升值化和余能利用的技术水平。
本发明的创造性至少在于:在保留对 5~40目粗胶粉加热的废橡胶热法再生工艺的高 温、 短时等核心特色基础上进行改良, 使废橡胶热法再生工艺更具有了清洁化、 低能耗 吃粉, 适于被再生的物料范围变大, 产品的应用物性在保留原有优特点的基础上更在环 保性、 节能性和对下游的应用广覆盖面上得到了大踏步的提升。
本发明的实用性在于: 本发明不但能应用于废橡胶中最难处理的品种即废轮胎、 低 含胶量或 /和混杂废橡胶制品的综合利用, 也能应用于特种再生橡胶, 如丁腈再生橡胶、 三元乙丙再生橡胶、 卤化丁基再生橡胶、 氯丁再生橡胶等。 所得的高性本比废橡胶再生 质产品, 能同时提高生产企业和下游用户企业的经济效益, 不但彻底消除了再生橡胶行 业自身的污染, 还使下游用户企业的粉尘污染实现了在厂外源头上治理的理想目标; 赋 予对废橡胶资源的 "全额、 高值、 绿色、 节能"化的四旗并举式资源循环利用方案以新 的内涵, 为解决橡胶产业链中的世纪难题, 又提供了一条新的路径。
上述用实施例所表述的具体实施方式, 对本发明的内容作了进一步的描述, 这仅是 为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。 熟悉本领域的技术人员显然可 以容易地对这些实施例所表述的具体实施方式做出各种修改, 譬如将投料的比例作出某 些修改等, 并把在此说明本发明内容的具体实施方式, 用到同属本发明内容的其他具体 实施方式中, 譬如将丁腈橡胶废制品、 三元乙丙橡胶废制品、 卤化丁基橡胶废制品、 氯 丁橡胶废制品的一种或一种以上的组合,按本发明的技术方案,在本发明给出的软化剂、 粉末辅料的定义范围内, 按相似相容原理选取软化剂, 按下游用户要求的普通性本比最 大化原则选取粉末辅料等。 这些具体实施方式的实现不必经过创造性的劳动。 因此, 本 发明不限于这里的具体实施方式, 本领域技术人员根据本发明的内容和实施例所揭示的 具体实施方式, 在本发明技术方案框架下做出的具体实施方式的变动都应该在本发明的 保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是:
所述 "热再生" 即过程 A, 包括: 按配方 "过 5~40 目筛的废橡胶粗粉料 /环保化软 化剂 /粉末辅料"的重量比在 100/8~150/20~1500范围的投料,一次性将其加入搅拌加热 器中, 先被绝氧加热, 然后导入搅拌冷却器, 冷至 100°C以下, 出料即得产品; 或将配 方投料中的粉末辅料的一部分或全部扣出缓投, 在前期入搅拌加热器的先投部分物料要 出料前, 再将先期扣出的粉末辅料加入搅拌加热器中混合, 或 /和在热料导入搅拌冷却器 中时再被加入, 待混合料冷至 100°C以下, 出料得到产品; 或将配方投料经初混后, 直 接导进热螺杆挤出机中, 被挤过加热、 混合段后, 冷却料温至 100°C以下, 出料得到产 ρπ ;
或由过程 Α, 与对废橡胶的热裂解处理过程 B, 或再加上由可燃油或 /和可燃气经热 裂解制备普通炭黑的过程 C之间, 建立有物料或 /和能的多向迁移关系。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是: 所述的环保化软化剂, 其中的多环芳族化合物的含量最多不超过 3%wt, 所述的环保化软化剂的品种至少包括: 环保型橡胶填充油、 环垸油、 机油、 石蜡油、 白油、 凡士林、 三线油、 六线油、 变 压器油、 低分子聚烯烃蜡、 邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、 磷酸三甲苯酯、 葵 二酸二辛酯、 二甘醇、 C4〜18 脂肪酸、 硬脂酸、 软脂酸、 油酸、 棕榈酸、 皂脚、 植物油 中的一种或一种以上的组合, 或 /和丙三醇、无臭沥青、胶粉改性沥青、松香、氢化松香、 脱氢松香、 松香甘油酯、 二甲苯松香树脂、 松香酯、 垸基酚醛树脂、 萜稀树脂、 石油树 脂、 特辛基酚醛树脂、 古马隆、 苯乙烯树脂、 聚乙烯树脂、 聚丙烯树脂、 缩水甘油脂、 乙酸乙烯脂共聚物、 丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物、 杂废塑料中的一种或一种以上的组合。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是: 所述的粉末辅料, 其品 种至少包括:
橡胶用补强剂, 包括: 炭黑、 炭纤维、 白炭黑、 超细碳酸钙中的任一种或一种以上 的组合;
或 /和橡胶用填充剂, 包括: 粉煤灰、 碳酸钙、 纤维、 石墨、 重质碳酸钙、 轻质碳酸 钙、 高岭土、 酸性白土、 膨润土、 陶土、 凹凸棒土、 泥板石粉、 石英石、 蛭石、 水镁石、 氢氧化铝、 白云石、 石膏、 方解石、 长石、 绢英石、 蒙脱石、 珍珠岩、 蛋白石、 硅藻土、 云母、 煤粉、 泥板石中的任一种或一种以上的组合;
或 /和其它橡胶用粉末辅料, 包括: 氧化锌、 氧化镁、 细于 100目的硫化橡胶粉中的 任一种。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是: 所述的投料, 其中涉及 的 "入搅拌加热器"、 "入搅拌冷却器"、 "初混"、 "进热螺杆挤出机" 的过程都采用清洁 化操作, 所述清洁化操作, 以采用密闭机械操作为佳。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是: 所述的 "绝氧加热", 是指在加热的同时, 又辅助实施了如下所述的一种或一种以上的绝氧措施-
( 5-1 )、 避免橡胶物料在受热 10CTC以上时接触含氧空气;
( 5 - 2)、 在对密闭加热罐实施加热前, 先对加料后的密闭罐实施抽空;
( 5 - 3)、 向密闭罐里充入氮气; (5-4), 向罐中加入水或蒸汽;
(5-5),在助剂物料中或和在接触胶料的冷却水中加化学抗氧剂,所述化学抗氧剂, 有代表性的品种至少包括: 草酸、 草酸盐, 对苯二酚、 叔丁基甲酚、 二烷基对苯二酚、 烷基对氨基酚, 四 [ β - (3, 5-二叔丁基 4-羟基-苯基) 丙酸]季戊四醇酯, β (3, 5 -) 二叔丁基 4-轻基-苯基) 丙酸十八酯中的一种或一种以上的组合;
所述的 "加热"具有代表性的操作至少包括: 表压力为 0. 0~3. 0MPa, 加热至 16(TC ~260°C, 将物料在 160°C~260°C范围内搅拌保温滞留 0. 2-3小时。
6、根据权利要求 3所述的废橡胶热再生的方法, 其特征是: 所述炭黑是用废轮胎经 热裂解处理制得的二次再生炭黑, 用油、 可燃气制得的一次新炭黑, 用农作物秸秆、 壳 制得的炭黑。
7、 采用权利要求 1〜5中任一所述方法所得到的含再生橡胶的组合物产品及其应用。
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CN102030934A (zh) 2011-04-27

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