WO2011040434A1 - シクロパラ(ヘテロ)アリーレン化合物およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
シクロパラ(ヘテロ)アリーレン化合物およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040434A1 WO2011040434A1 PCT/JP2010/066900 JP2010066900W WO2011040434A1 WO 2011040434 A1 WO2011040434 A1 WO 2011040434A1 JP 2010066900 W JP2010066900 W JP 2010066900W WO 2011040434 A1 WO2011040434 A1 WO 2011040434A1
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- C07C2603/12—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members containing five-membered rings only one five-membered ring
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cyclopara (hetero) arylene compound and a method for producing the same.
- the feature is that the sp3 carbon in the cis-substituted cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol in compound 4 is used to create a curved surface necessary for cycloparaphenylene and converted to the sp2 carbon in the last step.
- This method has the disadvantage of low yield and low selectivity, including when making cyclic products.
- Non-patent Document 2 Itami (Nagoya University) et al. Reported the following method for selectively synthesizing cycloparaphenylene consisting of 12 benzene rings (Non-patent Document 2).
- a cis-form of cyclohexane-1,4-diol is used to create a curved surface, which is converted to sp2 carbon in the last step. Only cycloparaphenylene having 12 phenylenes can be selectively obtained, but it is unclear whether other ring compounds can be synthesized.
- the reaction conditions for the aromatization reaction in the final step are severe. That is, Bertozzi et al. Used lithium naphthylide (strongly basic), and Itami et al. Added paratoluenesulfonic acid and heated at 150 ° C. (strongly acidic), so cycloparaffins with various functional groups were used. It is considered unsuitable for synthesizing phenylene derivatives.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel cyclopara (hetero) arylene compound and a method for producing the same.
- a cyclopara (hetero) arylene compound is a molecule in which a plurality of (hetero) aryls are cyclically bonded by two bonds (typically 1,4- (hetero) arylene bonds) having an angle of 180 degrees with each other. Since it has a distorted conjugated structure and is the smallest structural unit of an armchair-type carbon nanotube, its synthesis and physical properties are of great interest. However, since the synthesis is difficult, there are only two synthesis examples so far (Non-patent Documents 1 and 2).
- the present inventor has developed a general method for synthesizing cyclopara (hetero) arylene compounds containing a ring number that has not been reported so far in a high yield and high selectivity by a completely different synthetic route from the conventional method. .
- the present invention provides a metal complex of the following cyclopara (hetero) arylene compound or a precursor thereof and a method for producing the same.
- Item 1 Formula (I)
- Y 1 is the same or different and represents CR 1 or N
- Y 2 is the same or different and represents CR 2 or N
- Y 3 is the same or different and represents CR 3 or N
- Y 4 is the same or different and represents CR 4 or N.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen atom, aryl, heterocyclyl, aralkyl, OH, CN, NO 2 , COOH, NH 2, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, acylamino, acyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, fluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, carbamoyl, mono- or di-substituted carbamoyl, sulfamoyl, mono- or di-substituted Sulfamoyl, alkylsulfonylamino is shown.
- Adjacent R 1 and R 2 , or R 3 and R 4 , together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, may be an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered cyclic group Good.
- the divalent aromatic group is derived from an aromatic group selected from the group consisting of benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, indane, indene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, phenalene, dihydroanthracene, indacene, dibenzosuberane, tetracene, and pyrene.
- the divalent heteroaromatic group is pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, indole, quinoline, isoquinoline, tetrahydroquinoline, tetrahydroisoquinoline, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, benzoisoxazole, thianthrene, benzimidazole, chromene, xanthene, Phenoxathiin, isoindole, indolizine, cinnoline, carbazole, ⁇ -carboline, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenothiazine, fur Nookisajin, phenanthridine, isochroman, chroman, phenazine, carbazole, indoline, derived from heteroaromatic group selected from the group consisting of isoindoline compound according to claim 1.
- Item 4. The following formula (III)
- Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 are the same or different and each represents an optionally substituted divalent aromatic group or an optionally substituted divalent heteroaromatic group.
- M is the same or different and represents Pt, Pd or Ni.
- L is the same or different and represents a ligand capable of coordinating with M.
- n1, n2, n3 and n4 are the same or different and represent an integer of 1 or more.
- M is the same or different and represents Pt, Pd or Ni.
- L is the same or different and represents a ligand capable of coordinating with M.
- Y 1 is the same or different and represents CR 1 or N;
- Y 2 is the same or different and represents CR 2 or N;
- Y 3 is the same or different and represents CR 3 or N;
- Y 4 is the same or different and represents CR 4 or N.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen atom, aryl, heterocyclyl, aralkyl, OH, CN, NO 2 , COOH, NH 2, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, acylamino, acyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, fluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, carbamoyl, mono- or di-substituted carbamoyl, sulfamoyl, mono- or di-substituted Sulfamoyl, alkylsulfonylamino is shown.
- Adjacent R 1 and R 2 , or R 3 and R 4 , together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, may be an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered cyclic group Good.
- n1, n2, n3 and n4 are the same or different and represent an integer of 1 or more.
- Item 5 The compound according to Item 4, which is represented by: Item 6.
- Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 are the same or different and each represents an optionally substituted divalent aromatic group or an optionally substituted divalent heteroaromatic group. . n1, n2, n3 and n4 are the same or different and represent an integer of 1 or more.
- M is the same or different and represents Pt, Pd or Ni.
- L is the same or different and represents a ligand capable of coordinating with M.
- Cyclopara (hetero) arylenes having various numbers of rings can be selectively obtained in high yield. Since reaction conditions proceed under neutral and mild heating conditions, various functional groups can be introduced into (hetero) aromatic groups.
- a cyclopara (hetero) arylene compound is a molecule in which a plurality of optionally substituted divalent (hetero) aromatic groups are cyclically linked by two bonds that form an angle of 180 degrees with each other, such as 1,4-bonds. is there. Since it has a distorted conjugated structure, especially cycloparaphenylene is the smallest structural unit of carbon nanotubes, its synthesis and physical properties are of great interest. However, since the synthesis is difficult, there are only two synthesis examples so far (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). The present inventor has developed a general synthesis method of cycloparaphenylene containing a ring number that has not been reported so far in a high yield and high selectivity by a synthesis route completely different from the conventional method.
- M represents Pt, Pd or Ni, preferably Pt or Pd, more preferably Pt.
- M may be a mixture of a plurality of metals, but preferably a single metal is used.
- M is usually a divalent cation.
- L represents a ligand capable of coordinating to M, and is a monodentate or bidentate olefin, amine, imine, pyridine, phosphine, arsine, nitrile ligand, such as cyclooctadiene (cod), norbornadiene (nbd), Ethylene, ethylenediamine and its N-alkyl derivatives, (2,2 ', 3,3'-, 4,4'-, 2,3'-, 2,4'- or 3,4'-bipyridine or alkyl substitutions thereof Derivatives), 1,1 'such as 1,10-phenanthroline, triphenylphosphine, tributylphosphine, dimethylphenylphosphine, 1,1'-bisdiphenylphosphinoethane, 1,1'-bisdiphenylphosphinoferrocene (dppf) -Diarylphosphinoethanes such as bis (diaryl)
- the derivative of the ligand is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include derivatives having an electron-withdrawing group such as a fluorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group as a substituent on an aryl group such as a phenyl group.
- diphenylphosphinoethane Di (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl) phosphinoethane, di (2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl) phosphinoethane, di (4-trifluoromethyl-2,3,5,6
- Examples include phosphinoethane in which a phenyl group such as -tetrafluorophenyl) phosphinoethane is 4-substituted or 5-substituted with an electron-withdrawing group such as a fluorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group.
- X includes halogen atoms such as Cl, Br, and I.
- Z is a group containing a metal capable of generating carbanion, for example, Sn (CH 3 ) 3 , Sn (C 4 H 9 ) 3 , Li, MgBr, MgCl, MgI, Cu, ZnBr, ZnI, B (OCH 2 And boron derivatives such as CH 2 O) and B (OCMe 2 CHe 2 ).
- a metal capable of generating carbanion for example, Sn (CH 3 ) 3 , Sn (C 4 H 9 ) 3 , Li, MgBr, MgCl, MgI, Cu, ZnBr, ZnI, B (OCH 2 And boron derivatives such as CH 2 O) and B (OCMe 2 CHe 2 ).
- Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 may all be groups containing carbon atoms (CR 1 , CR 2 , CR 3 and CR 4 ).
- Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 and Y 4 The total number of N atoms is from 0 to 4, preferably from 0 to 3, and more preferably from 0 to 2.
- Alkyl includes linear or branched C 1-18 alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl and the like. .
- Cycloalkyl includes C 3-10 cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl. A part of the ring may be substituted with a hetero element or may have a substituent.
- Alkoxy includes linear or branched methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, isopentyloxy, hexyloxy, polyethylene glycol derivatives, etc. C 1-18 Alkoshi.
- Alkenyl includes vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-, 2- or 3-butenyl, 2-, 3- or 4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3 Linear, branched or cyclic C 2-18 alkenyl such as -methyl-2-butenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-cyclopentenyl, 1-cyclohexenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl and the like.
- Alkynyl means one having at least one triple bond, for example, linear, branched, such as ethynyl, 1- or 2-propynyl, 1-, 2- or 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, etc. Examples thereof include branched or cyclic C 2-6 alkynyl.
- halogen atoms include F, Cl, Br, and I.
- Aryl means a monocyclic or polycyclic group consisting of a 5- or 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and specific examples include phenyl, naphthyl, toluyl, xylyl, fluorenyl, anthryl, biphenylyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, Examples include chromanyl, 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxanaphthalenyl, indanyl and phenanthryl.
- Heterocyclyl includes acridinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzodioxolane, 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, carbazolyl, cinnolinyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, Dioxanyl, morpholino, furanyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, 1H-indazolyl, indolinyl, indolyl, 3H-indolyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, morpholinyl, 1,8-naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, 1,3-oxathioranylyl, Oxazolyl, oxiranyl, parathiaziny
- Aralkyl includes benzyl, phenethyl, naphthylmethyl and the like.
- monoalkylamino examples include methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, n-butylamino, isobutylamino, tert-butylamino, n-pentylamino, isopentylamino, hexylamino.
- Dialkylamino includes dimethylamino, diethylamino, di-n-propylamino, diisopropylamino, di-n-butylamino, diisobutylamino, ditert-butylamino, di-n-pentylamino, diisopentylamino, dihexylamino. .
- Acylamino includes acetylamino, propionylamino, butyrylamino, isobutyrylamino, valerylamino, benzoylamino and the like.
- Acyl includes acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl and benzoyl.
- alkylcarbonyloxy examples include methylcarbonyloxy, ethylcarbonyloxy, n-propylcarbonyloxy, isopropylcarbonyloxy, n-butylcarbonyloxy, isobutylcarbonyloxy, tert-butylcarbonyloxy, n-pentylcarbonyloxy, iso Examples include pentylcarbonyloxy and hexylcarbonyloxy.
- arylcarbonyloxy examples include phenylcarbonyloxy, naphthylcarbonyloxy, fluorenylcarbonyloxy, anthrylcarbonyloxy, biphenylylcarbonyloxy, tetrahydronaphthylcarbonyloxy, chromanylcarbonyloxy, 2,3-dihydro-1 , 4-dioxanaphthalenylcarbonyloxy, indanylcarbonyloxy and phenanthrylcarbonyloxy.
- Alkoxycarbonyl includes C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, pentyloxycarbonyl, isopentyloxycarbonyl and hexyloxycarbonyl. Is mentioned.
- Alkoxycarbonylamino includes methoxycarbonylamino, ethoxycarbonylamino, propoxycarbonylamino, isopropoxycarbonylamino, butoxycarbonylamino, isobutoxycarbonylamino, tert-butoxycarbonylamino, pentyloxycarbonylamino, isopentyloxycarbonylamino and hexyl And C 1-6 alkoxycarbonylamino such as oxycarbonylamino.
- Fluoroalkyl includes monofluoromethyl and difluoromethyl.
- perfluoroalkyl examples include linear or branched perfluoroalkyl represented by C n F 2n + 1 (n is an integer of 1 to 6), particularly trifluoromethyl.
- Examples of monoalkylcarbamoyl include methylcarbamoyl, ethylcarbamoyl, n-propylcarbamoyl, isopropylcarbamoyl, n-butylcarbamoyl, isobutylcarbamoyl, tert-butylcarbamoyl, n-pentylcarbamoyl, isopentylcarbamoyl and hexylcarbamoyl.
- Dialkylcarbamoyl includes dimethylcarbamoyl, diethylcarbamoyl, din-propylcarbamoyl, diisopropylcarbamoyl, din-butylcarbamoyl, diisobutylcarbamoyl, ditert-butylcarbamoyl, din-pentylcarbamoyl, diisopentylcarbamoyl, dihexylcarbamoyl It is done.
- Monoalkyl-substituted sulfamoyl includes methylsulfamoyl, ethylsulfamoyl, n-propylsulfamoyl, isopropylsulfamoyl, n-butylsulfamoyl, isobutylsulfamoyl, tert-butylsulfamoyl, n- Examples include pentylsulfamoyl, isopentylsulfamoyl, and hexylsulfamoyl.
- dialkyl-substituted sulfamoyl examples include dimethylsulfamoyl, diethylsulfamoyl, di-n-propylsulfamoyl, diisopropylsulfamoyl, di-n-butylsulfamoyl, diisobutylsulfamoyl, ditert-butylsulfamoyl, Examples include di-n-pentylsulfamoyl, diisopentylsulfamoyl, and dihexylsulfamoyl.
- alkylsulfonylamino methylsulfonylamino, ethylsulfonylamino, n-propylsulfonylamino, isopropylsulfonylamino, n-butylsulfonylamino, isobutylsulfonylamino, tert-butylsulfonylamino, n-pentylsulfonylamino, isopentylsulfonylamino And hexylsulfonylamino.
- Adjacent R 1 and R 2 , or R 3 and R 4 , together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, may be an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered cyclic group Good.
- Adjacent may be bonded to the same aromatic ring / heteroaromatic ring (Case A below), and is a 5-membered ring or 6-membered ring between the closest group bonded to the adjacent aromatic ring / heteroaromatic ring
- the following cyclic group may be formed (Case B below).
- the 5-membered or 6-membered cyclic group is saturated or unsaturated, and may be a hydrocarbon-based cyclic group or a cyclic group having at least one hetero atom (O, N, S). .
- adjacent Y 1 and Y 2 represent 5-membered or 6-membered cyclic groups, but Y 3 and Y 4 are further 5-membered or 6-membered cyclic groups. It may be.
- the 5- or 6-membered cyclic group includes alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen atom, aryl, heterocyclyl, aralkyl, OH, CN, NO 2 , COOH, NH 2 , monoalkylamino, dialkyl Represented by amino, acylamino, acyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylamino, fluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, carbamoyl, mono- or di-substituted carbamoyl, sulfamoyl, mono- or di-substituted sulfam
- the divalent aromatic group means a monocyclic or polycyclic divalent group containing a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
- the aromatic group include benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, fluorenone, It has one or more rings such as fluorenol, indane, indene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, phenalene, dihydroanthracene, indacene, dibenzosuberane, tetracene, pyrene, etc., these are 1,4-position of benzene, 1 of naphthalene , 4 or 1,5 or 2,6, anthracene 1,4 or 1,5 or 1,6 or 2,7, phenanthrene 1,4 or 1,6 or 2, A group that binds to an adjacent (hetero) aromatic group at a position where two bonds form 180 degrees with each other, such as the 7-position or 3,9-position, or the fluorene 1,4-position.
- aromatic group Of the aromatic group.
- two (hetero) aromatic groups are linked by —CH ⁇ CH— and —N ⁇ N— is shown above, but three or more (hetero) aromatic groups are a plurality of divalent groups. Those linked by are also encompassed by the present invention.
- the compound of this invention whose (hetero) aromatic group is a diazobenzene derivative is one of the preferable embodiment of this invention.
- the two bonding positions of the divalent aromatic group of the present invention are exemplified below.
- the divalent heteroaromatic group means a monocyclic or polycyclic group having a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, N, and S;
- the 6-membered heteroaromatic ring is involved in bonding with adjacent groups.
- heteroaromatic groups include pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, quinoline, isoquinoline, tetrahydroquinoline, tetrahydroisoquinoline, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, benzisoxazole, thianthrene, benzimidazole, Chromene, xanthene, xanthenone, xanthenol, phenoxathiin, isoindole, indolizine, cinnoline, carbazole, beta carboline, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, phenanthroline, isochroman, chroman, phenazine, carbazole , Indoline, and isoindoline.
- the divalent heteroaromatic group is a group
- the two bonding positions of the divalent heteroaromatic group of the present invention are exemplified below, for example.
- substituents for the divalent aromatic group and the divalent heteroaromatic group include alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen atom, aryl, heterocyclyl, aralkyl, OH, CN, NO exemplified above.
- Electron-withdrawing substituents for example, halogen atoms such as F, Cl and Br, perfluoroalkyl groups such as CF 3 , acyl groups such as CN, NO 2 , COOH and acetyl, alkoxycarbonyls such as methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl) Group
- alkyl such as methyl or cycloalkyl such as cyclopentyl is bonded, it is suitable as a hole transport material.
- the compound of the present invention in which a divalent aryl group / heteroaryl group having an electron-withdrawing substituent and a divalent aryl group / heteroaryl group having an electron-donating substituent are combined has new characteristics. It is preferable as a charge transfer material having
- n1, n2, n3 and n4 are the same or different and are an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 15, particularly 1 to 10, 1 to 5, 1 to 4, 1 to 3, or 1 to 2.
- n1, n2, n3 and n4 is 4 or more, preferably 4 to 100, 5 to 80, 6 to 60, 7 to 40, 8 to about 30, for example 4 to 20, 4 to 19, 4 to 18, 4-17, 4-16, 4-15, 4-14, 4-13. These total numbers can be obtained by appropriately selecting a raw material compound having a divalent aromatic group or a divalent heteroaromatic group and isolating a desired number of compounds as necessary. . Purification of compounds having different sums of n1, n2, n3 and n4 can be performed by the principle of molecular sieving such as gel filtration.
- the compound of the present invention may be a single compound or a mixture of a plurality of compounds having different totals of n1, n2, n3 and n4.
- the key to the synthesis of the compound of the present invention is to fold a para (hetero) arylene compound having the most stable planar structure into a ring shape.
- a stable metal complex especially platinum complex
- a polygonal structure represented by the general formulas (III) and (IV) as a precursor of cycloparaphenylene,
- the square structures represented by the general formulas (III) and (IV) are considered to be intermediates when [8] cycloparaphenylene can be formed at 4 x 4, but [9] to [13] cycloparaphenylene can be formed.
- a polygonal structure may be involved.
- the second is a route for synthesizing a complex from one metallized aromatic compound (Z- (Ar 1 ) n1 -Z) in one step, suitable for the synthesis of [4 ⁇ n1] cyclopara (hetero) arylene.
- Scheme 1, route b The other is a route for synthesizing a metal complex (preferably a platinum complex) in two steps, and is suitable for the synthesis of various cycloparaphenylenes containing an odd number of rings.
- Cyclopara (hetero) arylene is obtained in high yield by reductive elimination of metal complexes (especially platinum complexes).
- Scheme 2 shows an example in which the raw material is a heteroparaphenylene derivative in Route b and Route c of Scheme 1.
- Route a in Scheme 1 is in the presence of Z— (Ar 1 ) n1 —Z, Z— (Ar 2 ) n2 —Z, Z— (Ar 3 ) n3 —Z, Z— (Ar 4 ) n4 —Z.
- MX 2 (L) is reacted to give compound (III), which is used as it is or in the presence of a neutral ligand such as triphenylphosphine or a halogen such as Br 2 (or I 2 ).
- M (L), particularly Pt (L) is eliminated to obtain the target compound (I).
- reaction to obtain compound (III) can be advantageously proceeded by reacting at -78 ° C to the boiling temperature of the solvent for about 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- a solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, a halogen solvent such as methylene chloride or 1,2-dichloroethane, or a hydrocarbon solvent such as benzene or toluene can be used.
- the compound (III) is dissolved in a solvent (for example, an ether solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, a hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene or mesitylene, or a halogen solvent such as 1,2-dichloroethane or 1,2-dichlorobenzene).
- a solvent for example, an ether solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or dioxane, a hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene or mesitylene, or a halogen solvent such as 1,2-dichloroethane or 1,2-dichlorobenzene.
- M (L), particularly Pt (L) is eliminated by reacting for 1 to 48 hours at room temperature to about 200 ° C. in the presence of or without solvent.
- Arylene compound (I) is obtained.
- an excess amount of halogen such as Br 2 (may be I 2 ) is used from 1 to 4 mol, or a neutral ligand such as triphenylphosphine is added from 4 mol to 1 mol of 1 mol of compound (III). Amount may be used.
- Route b in Scheme 1 is the reaction of MX 2 (L) in the presence of Z— (Ar 1 ) n1 —Z to give compound (IIIa), which is a halogen such as Br 2 (which may be I 2 ).
- ML, particularly Pt (L) is eliminated in the presence of the compound to obtain the desired cyclopara (hetero) arylene compound (Ia).
- compound (IIIa) can be obtained.
- an ether solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran
- a halogen such as Br 2 (may be I 2 ) is used in an excess amount from 1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound (IIIa), and a solvent (for example, an ether solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran) as necessary.
- M (L), particularly Pt (L) is eliminated by reacting at room temperature to about 100 ° C. for about 1 to 24 hours in the presence of the desired cyclopara (hetero) arylene (Ia). Get.
- the route c in Scheme 1 is such that MX 2 (L) is 2 moles or more with respect to 1 mole of Z- (Ar 1 ) n1 -Z at a temperature of -78 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent for about 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- a compound in which Z is replaced with MX (L) is obtained, which is mixed with approximately equimolar Z— (Ar 2 ) n2 —Z at ⁇ 78 ° C. to the boiling temperature of the solvent for 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- Compound (IIIb) can be obtained by reacting to a certain extent.
- an ether solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran can be used.
- a halogen such as Br 2 (may be I 2 ) is used in an excess amount from 1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the compound (IIIb), and a solvent (for example, an ether solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran) as necessary.
- a solvent for example, an ether solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran
- Routes b and c in Scheme 2 proceed advantageously by reacting under the same conditions as routes b and c in Scheme 1.
- the general formula is the four (hetero) aryl units ⁇ (Ar 1 ) n 1, (Ar 2 ) n 2, (Ar 3 ) n 3, (Ar 4 ) n 4 ⁇ , and optionally more than 4 Illustrated are compounds containing the metal M (L), which include five or more (hetero) aryl units ⁇ (Ar 1 ) n1, (Ar 2 ) n2, (Ar 3 ) n3, (Ar 4 ) n4, (Ar 5 ) n5. . . . . ⁇ And may optionally be a compound containing 5 or more metals M (L).
- the obtained solid (52.0 mg) was suspended in 5 mL of toluene under a nitrogen stream, and bromine (5 ⁇ L, 98 ⁇ mol) was added thereto at room temperature.
- the reaction solution was stirred at 90 ° C. for 1 hour, and the insoluble material was filtered off.
- the solvent of the filtrate was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a solid.
- the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography (the mobile phase was a mixed solution of chloroform / hexane 1/4 to 1/1).
- Mass synthesis 4 (501 mg, 0.604 mmol) and 5 (335 mg, 0.603 mmol) were dissolved in 300 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane under a nitrogen stream and heated at 50 ° C. for 32 hours. After filtering off the solid, the solvent of the filtrate was distilled off under reduced pressure. The obtained solid was washed with hexane to obtain 641 mg of a platinum complex having a cyclic structure as a pale yellow solid. This solid and dppf (630 mg, 1.23 mmol) were suspended in 100 mL of methylene chloride under a nitrogen stream and stirred at room temperature for 14 hours.
- the compound Since the compound has fluorescence, it provides a new framework for the development of organic electronics devices such as organic EL, organic transistors, and organic solar cell materials. In addition, application to various nanotech materials such as optical and electronic materials, where use of carbon nanotubes is being considered, is also expected.
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Abstract
Description
項1. 一般式(I)
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。
ただし、Ar1=Ar2=Ar3=Ar4=1,4-フェニレンの場合、n1+n2+n3+n4は、9,12、18以外の数である)
で表される化合物。
項2. 一般式(II)
Y1は、同一または異なって、CR1またはNを示し、
Y2は、同一または異なって、CR2またはNを示し、
Y3は、同一または異なって、CR3またはNを示し、
Y4は、同一または異なって、CR4またはNを示す。
R1,R2、R3、R4は、同一または異なって、水素原子、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、ハロゲン原子、アリール、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、OH、CN、NO2、COOH、NH2、モノアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アシルアミノ、アシル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、アリールカルボニルオキシ、アルコキシカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、フルオロアルキル、パーフルオロアルキル、カルバモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換カルバモイル、スルファモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換スルファモイル、アルキルスルホニルアミノを示す。隣接するR1とR2、もしくはR3とR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって、置換されていてもよい5員環もしくは6員環の環状基であってもよい。
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。
ただし、Y1=Y2=Y3=Y4=CHの場合、n1+n2+n3+n4は、9,12、18以外の数である)
で表される項1に記載の化合物。
項3. 前記2価の芳香族基が、ベンゼン、ナフタレン、フルオレン、インダン、インデン、アズレン、アントラセン、フェナントレン、フェナレン、ジヒドロアントラセン、インダセン、ジベンゾスベラン、テトラセン、ピレンからなる群から選択される芳香族基に由来し、前記2価のヘテロ芳香族基がピリジン、ピラジン、ピリミジン、ピリダジン、インドール、キノリン、イソキノリン、テトラヒドロキノリン、テトラヒドロイソキノリン、ベンゾチアゾール、ベンゾオキサゾール、ベンゾイソオキサゾール、チアントレン、ベンゾイミダゾール、クロメン、キサンテン、フェノキサチイン、イソインドール、インドリジン、シンノリン、カルバゾール、βカルボリン、フェナンスリジン、アクリジン、フェナンスロリン、フェノチアジン、フェノオキサジン、フェナントリジン、イソクロマン、クロマン、フェナジン、カルバゾール、インドリン、イソインドリンからなる群から選択されるヘテロ芳香族基に由来する、項1に記載の化合物。
項4. 下記式(III)
Mは、同一または異なって、PtまたはPdまたはNiを示す。
Lは、同一または異なって、Mに配位可能なリガンドを示す。
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。)
で表される化合物。
項5. 下記式(IV)
Y1は、同一または異なって、CR1またはNを示し、
Y2は、同一または異なって、CR2またはNを示し、
Y3は、同一または異なって、CR3またはNを示し、
Y4は、同一または異なって、CR4またはNを示す。
R1,R2、R3、R4は、同一または異なって、水素原子、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、ハロゲン原子、アリール、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、OH、CN、NO2、COOH、NH2、モノアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アシルアミノ、アシル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、アリールカルボニルオキシ、アルコキシカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、フルオロアルキル、パーフルオロアルキル、カルバモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換カルバモイル、スルファモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換スルファモイル、アルキルスルホニルアミノを示す。隣接するR1とR2、もしくはR3とR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって、置換されていてもよい5員環もしくは6員環の環状基であってもよい。
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。)
で表される項4に記載の化合物。
項6. 一般式(III)の化合物からM(L)を脱離させることを特徴とする一般式(I)の化合物の製造法。
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。
Mは、同一または異なって、PtまたはPdまたはNiを示す。
Lは、同一または異なって、Mに配位可能なリガンドを示す。)
上記のようにMX(L)とZの反応、あるいはMX2(L)の存在下における2つのZの反応により(Ar1)n1-M(L)-(Ar2)n2の結合が生じ、次いでM(L)が脱離して(Ar1)n1-(Ar2)n2の結合が生じる。従って、(Ar1)n1=(Ar2)n2=(Ar3)n3=(Ar4)n4=-C6H4-C6H4-のビフェニル化合物の場合、フェニレン基が8個の環状化合物が得られ、(Ar1)n1=(Ar3)n3=ビフェニル化合物、(Ar2)n2=(Ar4)n4=トリフェニル化合物(-C6H4-C6H4-C6H4-)の場合、フェニレン基(-C6H4-)が10個(=2+3+2+3)の環状化合物が得られると考えられる。しかしながら、反応条件にもよるが、この反応でフェニレン基(-C6H4-)が8~12個あるいは9~13個の化合物が得られており、多角形構造が関与している可能性がある。
[8]シクロパラフェニレン(3)の選択的合成
[9], [10], [11], [12], [13]シクロパラフェニレンの合成
[10]-Cycloparaphenylene (6b): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.56 (s, 40 H); MS (MALDI-TOF) m/z calcd for C60H40(M)+ 760.3, found 760.3.
[11]-Cycloparaphenylene (6c): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.58 (s, 44 H); MS (MALDI-TOF) m/z calcd for C66H44(M)+ 836.3, found 836.4.
[12]-Cycloparaphenylene (6d): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.61 (s, 48 H); MS (MALDI-TOF) m/z calcd for C72H48(M)+ 912.4, found 912.5.
[13]-Cycloparaphenylene (6e): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 7.64 (s, 52 H).
4 (501 mg, 0.604 mmol)、5 (335 mg, 0.603 mmol)を窒素気流下で1,2-ジクロロエタン300 mLに溶解し、50 oCで32時間加熱した。固体を濾別した後、ろ液の溶媒を減圧下留去した。得られた固体をヘキサンで洗浄し、環状構造の白金錯体641 mgを淡黄色の固体として得た。この固体とdppf (630 mg, 1.23 mmol) を窒素気流下において100 mLの塩化メチレンに懸濁し、室温で14時間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧下で留去した後、残渣を酢酸エチルで洗浄することでdppfが配位した環状白金錯体を淡いオレンジ色の固体として得た。この固体を85 mLのトルエンに懸濁し、そこに臭素 (62 μL, 1.21 mmol) を室温で加えた。反応用液を90℃で 12時間攪拌した後、不溶物を濾別した。ろ液の溶媒を減圧下で留去することで固体を得た。得られた固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(移動相はクロロホルム/ヘキサン1/4~1/1の混合溶液)で精製した。1H NMR解析により、[8]-, [9]-, [10]-, [11]-, [12]シクロパラフェニレンがそれぞれ2.4%, 3.2%, 5.3%, 4.7%, 2.3%生成していることがわかった。さらに、分取ゲルろ過クロマトグラフィー(GPC、移動相はクロロホルム)で生成することで、それぞれのシクロパラフェニレンを単離した。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 1.17 (s, 12H), 6.89 (s, 8 H), 7.52 (d, 8 H), 7.58 (d, 8 H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) 23.9, 31.7 122.2, 123.9, 126.6, 138.3, 139.7 157.2; MS (MALDI-TOF) m/z calcd for C60H48(M)+ 768.376, found 768.366.
[1] M. D. Curtis, A. L. Allred, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 2554.
[2] D. C. Caskey, R. K. Shoemaker, J. Michl, Org. Lett. 2004, 6, 2093.
Claims (6)
- 一般式(II)
(式中、
Y1は、同一または異なって、CR1またはNを示し、
Y2は、同一または異なって、CR2またはNを示し、
Y3は、同一または異なって、CR3またはNを示し、
Y4は、同一または異なって、CR4またはNを示す。
R1,R2、R3、R4は、同一または異なって、水素原子、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、ハロゲン原子、アリール、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、OH、CN、NO2、COOH、NH2、モノアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アシルアミノ、アシル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、アリールカルボニルオキシ、アルコキシカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、フルオロアルキル、パーフルオロアルキル、カルバモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換カルバモイル、スルファモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換スルファモイル、アルキルスルホニルアミノを示す。隣接するR1とR2、もしくはR3とR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって、置換されていてもよい5員環もしくは6員環の環状基であってもよい。
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。
ただし、Y1=Y2=Y3=Y4=CHの場合、n1+n2+n3+n4は、9,12、18以外の数である)
で表される請求項1に記載の化合物。 - 前記2価の芳香族基が、ベンゼン、ナフタレン、フルオレン、インダン、インデン、アズレン、アントラセン、フェナントレン、フェナレン、ジヒドロアントラセン、インダセン、ジベンゾスベラン、テトラセン、ピレンからなる群から選択される芳香族基に由来し、前記2価のヘテロ芳香族基がピリジン、ピラジン、ピリミジン、ピリダジン、インドール、キノリン、イソキノリン、テトラヒドロキノリン、テトラヒドロイソキノリン、ベンゾチアゾール、ベンゾオキサゾール、ベンゾイソオキサゾール、チアントレン、ベンゾイミダゾール、クロメン、キサンテン、フェノキサチイン、イソインドール、インドリジン、シンノリン、カルバゾール、βカルボリン、フェナンスリジン、アクリジン、フェナンスロリン、フェノチアジン、フェノオキサジン、フェナントリジン、イソクロマン、クロマン、フェナジン、カルバゾール、インドリン、イソインドリンからなる群から選択されるヘテロ芳香族基に由来する、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 下記式(IV)
(式中、Mは、同一または異なって、PtまたはPdまたはNiを示す。
Lは、同一または異なって、Mに配位可能なリガンドを示す。
Y1は、同一または異なって、CR1またはNを示し、
Y2は、同一または異なって、CR2またはNを示し、
Y3は、同一または異なって、CR3またはNを示し、
Y4は、同一または異なって、CR4またはNを示す。
R1,R2、R3、R4は、同一または異なって、水素原子、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、ハロゲン原子、アリール、ヘテロシクリル、アラルキル、OH、CN、NO2、COOH、NH2、モノアルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アシルアミノ、アシル、アルキルカルボニルオキシ、アリールカルボニルオキシ、アルコキシカルボニル、アルコキシカルボニルアミノ、フルオロアルキル、パーフルオロアルキル、カルバモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換カルバモイル、スルファモイル、モノ若しくはジ置換スルファモイル、アルキルスルホニルアミノを示す。隣接するR1とR2、もしくはR3とR4は、それらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になって、置換されていてもよい5員環もしくは6員環の環状基であってもよい。
n1、n2、n3、n4は、同一または異なって、1以上の整数を示す。)
で表される請求項4に記載の化合物。
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| WO2015111611A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-07-30 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | シクロパラフェニレン化合物およびその製造方法並びに中間体化合物 |
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| US10654780B2 (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2020-05-19 | University Of Oregon | Halogenated nanohoop compounds and methods of making and using the same |
| US11555820B2 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2023-01-17 | University Of Oregon | Nanohoop compounds for use in biotechnology and methods of making and using the same |
| US11142500B2 (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2021-10-12 | University Of Oregon | Nanohoop compound embodiments comprising meta-substitution and molecular systems comprising the same |
| US11505644B2 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2022-11-22 | University Of Oregon | Polymer embodiments comprising nanohoop-containing polymer backbones and methods of making and using the same |
| US11739178B2 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2023-08-29 | University Of Oregon | Nanohoop-functionalized polymer embodiments and methods of making and using the same |
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| DOUGLAS C. CASKEY ET AL.: "Toward Self- Assembled Surface-Mounted Prismatic Altitudinal Rotors. A Test Case: Molecular Rectangle", ORGANIC LETTERS, vol. 6, no. 13, 2004, pages 2093 - 2096, XP008155836 * |
| JASTI, R.; BHATTACHARJEE, J.; NEATON, J.B.; BERTOZZI, C. R., J. AM. CHEM. SOC., vol. 130, 2008, pages 17646 |
| M.D. CURTIS; A.L. ALLRED, J. AM. CHEM. SOC., vol. 87, 1965, pages 2554 |
| MAVINAHALLI N. JAGADEESH ET AL.: "The Interplay of Angle Strain and Aromaticity: Molecular and Electronic Structures of [0n]Paracyclophanes", JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING, vol. 6, no. 2, 2000, pages 226 - 233, XP008155839 * |
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| See also references of EP2484656A4 |
| SHIGERU YAMAGO ET AL.: "Synthesis of [8] Cycloparaphenylene from a Square-Shaped Tetranuclear Platinum Complex", ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE INTERNATIONAL EDITION, vol. 49, no. 4, 2010, pages 757 - 759, XP008155857 * |
| TAKABA, H.; OMACHI, H.; YAMAMOTO, Y.; BOUFFARD, J.; LTAMI, K., ANGEW. CHEM. INT. ED., vol. 48, 2009, pages 6112 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013133386A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-12 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | 官能基含有又は非含有環状化合物及びこれらの製造方法 |
| JPWO2013133386A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-08 | 2015-07-30 | 国立大学法人名古屋大学 | 官能基含有又は非含有環状化合物及びこれらの製造方法 |
| US9266909B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2016-02-23 | National University Corporation Nagoya University | Cyclic compound containing functional group or containing no functional group, and method for producing same |
| WO2015111611A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-22 | 2015-07-30 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | シクロパラフェニレン化合物およびその製造方法並びに中間体化合物 |
| JPWO2015111611A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-22 | 2017-03-23 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | シクロパラフェニレン化合物およびその製造方法並びに中間体化合物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2484656A4 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
| EP2484656A1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
| JPWO2011040434A1 (ja) | 2013-02-28 |
| JP5726082B2 (ja) | 2015-05-27 |
| US8895768B2 (en) | 2014-11-25 |
| CN102712557A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
| US20120220790A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
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