WO2011052496A1 - 消泡方法およびその装置 - Google Patents
消泡方法およびその装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011052496A1 WO2011052496A1 PCT/JP2010/068676 JP2010068676W WO2011052496A1 WO 2011052496 A1 WO2011052496 A1 WO 2011052496A1 JP 2010068676 W JP2010068676 W JP 2010068676W WO 2011052496 A1 WO2011052496 A1 WO 2011052496A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acoustic waveguide
- defoaming
- pulsed
- laser light
- laser beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B3/00—Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
- B65B3/22—Defoaming liquids in connection with filling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the elimination of bubbles on the liquid surface, and in particular, a defoaming method suitable for eliminating bubbles generated when a liquid such as a beverage is filled in a container such as a can, a PET bottle, a bottle can or a pouch. And an antifoaming device.
- the filling process for beverages in cans is generally performed by pouring the beverage from above into an upright container in a filling machine, and then closing with a sealing device (clamping machine, capper etc.)
- a sealing device clamping machine, capper etc.
- the process of joining with a member and sealing is taken.
- As an important factor for maintaining the quality of the beverage and improving the flavor there is a reduction in the amount of residual oxygen in the sealed container.
- a deoxygenation technique such as undercover gassing immediately before sealing has been developed and used.
- the bubbles contain oxygen at the same concentration as that in the atmosphere, and the oxygen in the bubbles cannot be removed by headspace gas replacement, which hinders reduction in the amount of oxygen in the headspace.
- the deoxygenation technology by gas replacement it is the main cause of the residual oxygen amount.
- a method of mixing an antifoaming agent with a beverage prescription is generally used, but this affects the taste of the beverage, so it defoams between filling and sealing. Establishment of technology is required.
- a technique of defoaming by irradiating light is conceivable, and many methods and apparatuses have been proposed in this regard (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- a method of defoaming with a laser beam by irradiating the bubble with a laser beam, the intermolecular bonds forming the bubble film and the water molecules or organic molecules in the film are vibrated and excited to break the intermolecular bonds.
- Patent Document 4 there has been proposed one that erases bubbles.
- Patent Documents 5 to 9 a method and apparatus for defoaming by irradiating ultrasonic waves have been proposed.
- a defoaming device that generates a shock wave by arc discharge and defoams has also been proposed (see Patent Document 10).
- a defoaming method and apparatus using heating, microwave, high frequency, electric wind, static electricity, and steam have been proposed.
- the conventional technology for defoaming by irradiating light is not suitable for the filling speed which is poor in high speed and high speed, so that these technologies have not yet been put into practical use.
- These light irradiation techniques are based on the principle of irradiating bubbles with light energy, heating the components (mostly water) of the bubbles, evaporating them, and eliminating the bubbles. Accordingly, light energy must be directly applied to individual bubbles. Generally, since bubbles are distributed over the entire liquid surface, the light energy is substantially applied to the entire liquid surface in order to eliminate bubbles by light irradiation. Must be supplied.
- substantially means that the diameter of the light beam is expanded and the entire surface is irradiated at the same time, and a light beam with a small diameter is irradiated while scanning the liquid surface.
- the total light energy expressed by (power ⁇ irradiation time ⁇ irradiation area) is equal.
- the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is the same as the size of the target container.
- the efficiency is poor because the irradiation energy is dissipated by the directivity. Therefore, it is necessary to perform defoaming while running a long distance on the conveyor, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of space saving because the production line becomes long.
- a narrow-mouthed container such as a PET bottle or a bottle can, it is difficult to transmit light, sound, etc.
- the conventional method has a problem that the foam adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the container can hardly be removed.
- the electrode life is short, and it is necessary to replace the electrode at a constant frequency, and the filling space by the replacement work is contaminated.
- the electrode material is scattered, contamination with the scattered material occurs.
- the discharge position is unstable, the defoaming effect tends to vary as a result. In particular, in a humid environment such as a filling line, it is considered that the discharge behavior varies greatly due to a subtle difference in humidity of the gas between the electrodes.
- LIB laser induced breakdown
- a defoaming method characterized by generating a pulsed sound wave as a sound source and propagating the pulsed sound wave as a spherical wave to destroy the foam (Patent Document 11).
- a pulsed sound wave with a strong pressure change propagates as a spherical wave from a sound source, and bubbles can be destroyed and defoamed. Therefore, unlike the conventional case of defoaming by irradiation with light such as a laser beam, it is not necessary to irradiate each bubble with a beam, so defoaming can be performed at high speed in a short time.
- the pulsed sound wave propagates to the inner peripheral surface of the container, the bubbles in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall surface of the container, which has been difficult to defoam by the conventional method, can be effectively defoamed.
- the pulsed light by focusing the pulsed light on the gas part above the liquid level, it breaks down and eliminates bubbles, so there is less impact on the liquid level compared to direct laser irradiation on the liquid level.
- the droplets do not scatter and adhere to the apparatus, nor adhere to the glass member at the laser irradiation port. Therefore, this method is particularly advantageous for maintaining the hygienic and optical properties of the apparatus.
- JP 63-104620 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-252509 JP-A-11-90330 JP 7-291395 A JP 9-328193 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-90397 JP-A-6-191595 Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2002-520226 Special table 2007-086339
- the optical element such as a lens is capable of In order to prevent contamination by flaws, etc., the focal length must be long, the focal length cannot be shortened to improve the laser beam condensing property, and pulsed sound waves are generated in free space. Because it propagates as a spherical wave, only part of the sound wave is involved in defoaming, which is inefficient, and because the laser light irradiates the liquid surface, the liquid content may be affected by high-intensity laser light. There was a problem such as.
- the present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the previously provided defoaming technique, and in particular, in a defoaming method and apparatus using laser-induced breakdown, a method for increasing the use efficiency of sound waves, laser light It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving the light condensing property, a method for not irradiating laser light toward the liquid surface, and an apparatus embodying these methods.
- the present inventor causes laser-induced breakdown inside the acoustic waveguide, and guides the sound wave generated thereby to the liquid surface using the acoustic waveguide.
- the inventors have found that the above problem can be solved, and have reached the present invention.
- the defoaming method of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problem generates pulsed sound waves using the irradiation point as a sound source by condensing pulsed laser light and irradiating it to the internal space of the acoustic waveguide,
- the pulsed sound wave is propagated in the acoustic waveguide to destroy the foam outside the opening end of the acoustic waveguide. It is desirable to irradiate the laser light in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the acoustic waveguide. It is desirable that a reflection condensing element is provided at the end of the laser beam so that the laser beam that has passed through the irradiation point is returned to the irradiation point again.
- the acoustic waveguide may be formed in a curved tube shape so that the plasma light at the irradiation point cannot be directly seen from the opening end.
- a gas may be introduced into the acoustic waveguide.
- the defoaming apparatus for achieving the defoaming method is a defoaming apparatus that collects pulsed laser light, generates a pulsed sound wave using an irradiation point as a sound source, and defoams the pulsed sound wave.
- the acoustic waveguide has a laser beam incident hole through which the laser beam passes and is arranged so as to be condensed in the internal space of the tube, and the open end of the acoustic waveguide has a defoaming object. It is arranged so as to face upward in the vertical direction with respect to the liquid level.
- a laser beam incident hole of the acoustic waveguide is formed in a peripheral wall so that the pulsed laser beam can be irradiated in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the acoustic waveguide.
- a laser beam passage hole is formed on the peripheral wall of the acoustic waveguide at a position opposite to the laser beam incident hole, and the irradiation point in the acoustic waveguide is formed outside the laser beam passage hole. It is desirable to arrange the reflective condensing element so that is in focus.
- the open end of the acoustic waveguide may be formed in a horn shape.
- the acoustic waveguide may be formed in a curved tube shape so that the plasma light at the irradiation point cannot be directly seen from the opening end.
- a gas introduction hole is formed near the opening end of the peripheral wall of the acoustic waveguide from the laser light incident hole, and a gas supply pipe is connected to the gas introduction hole to guide the gas. Gas can also be introduced inside the tube.
- the acoustic waveguide by using the acoustic waveguide, there is an effect of concentrating the energy of the shock wave, which has conventionally escaped most of the free space, in the direction of the opening end. Therefore, the irradiation point can be kept away from the liquid surface as compared with the conventional case by increasing the energy utilization efficiency. Thereby, there is an effect that restrictions on the condensing optical system are reduced and a more efficient condensing optical system can be constructed.
- the liquid surface will not be irradiated with the laser beam, and the content liquid may be affected by the high-intensity laser. Can do.
- the laser beam path and the shock wave traveling path can be separated, there are few restrictions on the focusing optical system, and a focusing optical system with high breakdown efficiency can be constructed.
- a reflective condensing element at the end of the laser beam, light that has not been spent on laser-induced breakdown among the irradiated laser beam can be used for breakdown enhancement, improving efficiency. And safety increases.
- the acoustic wave propagation loss at the opening end can be suppressed by matching the acoustic impedance between the acoustic waveguide and the external space. Furthermore, by making the acoustic waveguide a curved tube, the plasma light at the irradiation point is prevented from being directly seen from the opening end, so that the plasma light is absorbed by the wall surface of the acoustic waveguide and does not reach the opening end. The possibility of affecting the contents due to the plasma light can be eliminated. Furthermore, by introducing gas into the acoustic waveguide, it is possible to prevent external air from entering from the open end.
- steam is normally emitted from the filling content liquid, it can prevent that this vapor
- the gas inlet is preferably located between the irradiation point and the open end. Oxygen in the air is ionized by laser-induced breakdown to generate ozone, but this ozone flows out of the open end. It can prevent entering into containers, such as a can.
- the defoaming method collects pulsed laser light and irradiates the inside of the acoustic waveguide to generate a pulsed sound wave from the irradiation point as a sound source, and the pulsed sound wave is acoustically guided. It propagates in the tube and breaks the foam outside the open end of the acoustic waveguide, and FIG. 1 schematically shows the defoaming principle in its basic form.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a defoaming device according to the present embodiment, a pulsed laser beam oscillation device 2 that generates pulsed light, and a collector that collects the pulsed laser beam oscillated from the pulsed laser beam oscillation device.
- the optical optical system 3 and the acoustic waveguide 4 are configured so that the opening end 16 of the acoustic waveguide is arranged so as to face upward in the vertical direction with respect to the liquid surface of the defoaming object.
- the container passing position before sealing in the sealing apparatus or above the conveyor that transports the container a filled with the contents to the sealing apparatus in the sealed filling line of the contents to the container a, the container passing position before sealing in the sealing apparatus or above the conveyor that transports the container a filled with the contents to the sealing apparatus.
- the acoustic waveguide 4 is vertically disposed above the optical waveguide 4, and the pulse laser light oscillation device 2 is disposed so as to irradiate the pulse laser light from a substantially perpendicular direction with respect to the axial center of the acoustic waveguide 4.
- the pulse laser beam oscillation device a device that oscillates a pulse laser beam capable of emitting energy stored in the laser medium up to a certain moment as a light pulse at a stroke is suitable.
- the pulse laser include a femtosecond laser such as a YAG laser capable of Q-switch oscillation, a YVO4 laser, a YLF laser, and a TiS laser.
- These pulse lasers have a repetition period of several Hz to several tens of kHz, and the energy stored during this repetition period is emitted in a very short time width of several femtoseconds (fs) to several tens of nanoseconds (ns). To do.
- a pulsed laser beam oscillation device that oscillates various types of laser beams, such as a CO 2 laser, an excimer laser, and a semiconductor laser, can also be used.
- generated by the wavelength conversion element from the fundamental wave of these laser lights can also be used.
- These pulsed laser lights include continuous wave (CW) pulsed laser light. In this case as well, pulsed light can be generated using a light control member such as a shutter.
- the condensing optical system 3 in this embodiment includes a reflective condensing element disposed on the opposite side of the lens 10 disposed between the pulsed laser light oscillator 2 and the acoustic waveguide 4 and an acoustic waveguide described later. 11 is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the reflective condensing element 11 in addition to the concave mirror shown in the drawing, a combination element of a convex lens and a plane mirror, or any other element can be used.
- the lens 10 may be formed separately from the pulse laser light oscillation device, but may be provided integrally with the pulse laser light oscillation device. The intensity of the pulsed sound wave generated by the laser-induced breakdown changes depending on the optical power density per unit area at the irradiation point.
- the condensing optical system 3 to improve the condensing performance, it is possible to efficiently generate laser-induced breakdown from the same laser output.
- NA numerical aperture
- a lens having a large aperture and a short focal length has a higher light collecting property.
- the focal length is shortened, the distance from the liquid surface is narrowed, and it becomes easy to get dirty due to scattering of droplets.
- the wave fronts are aligned. For this reason, it is preferable to use a combination lens (aplanato lens) in which aberrations are corrected by a combination of a plurality of lenses, an aspheric lens designed in accordance with the state of the wavefront of the lens surface.
- the present invention employs the acoustic waveguide 4, and the shock wave travels in a plane wave shape inside the acoustic waveguide 4, so that it is relatively long compared to the spherical wave. Distance can be conveyed without attenuating shock wave energy. For this reason, the height of the irradiation point 7 from the liquid surface can be increased. As a result, it is possible to improve the light collecting property by using a lens having a short focal length.
- the acoustic waveguide 4 is close to the upper end wall 13 of the peripheral wall 12 so that the pulsed laser light can be irradiated in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the acoustic waveguide.
- a laser beam incident hole 14 is formed at the position.
- a laser light passage hole 15 is formed in the peripheral wall at the opposite position on the optical path from the laser light incident hole 14. In order to increase energy efficiency, the laser beam passage hole 15 is provided outside the acoustic waveguide so that the end of the optical path of the laser beam irradiated on the acoustic waveguide can be reflected and sent back to the irradiation point.
- the reflective condensing element 11 is disposed so that the focal point thereof coincides with the irradiation point of the pulse laser beam oscillation device in the acoustic waveguide.
- this laser beam passage hole 15 does not need to be formed.
- a gas inlet 17 is formed in the peripheral wall of the acoustic waveguide as will be described later.
- the gas introduction port is for introducing gas into the acoustic waveguide from the outside in order to prevent ozone generated by breakdown from flowing out from the opening end and entering the container. It is preferable to be located between.
- the opening end 16 of the acoustic waveguide 4 is formed in a horn shape in order to suppress propagation loss of sound waves at the opening end.
- the length of the acoustic waveguide 4 may be long or short, and is not particularly limited.
- the position of the irradiation point (irradiation point) 7 may be anywhere in the axial direction and the radial direction inside the acoustic waveguide.
- the end opposite to the open end of the acoustic waveguide can take an arbitrary shape, but if an appropriate shape is taken, the progress of the shock wave inside the acoustic waveguide can be promoted.
- the defoaming device of this embodiment is configured as described above, and the luminous flux 6 of the pulsed laser beam oscillated from the pulsed laser beam oscillation device 2 is condensed by the condensing optical system 3 to be the axis of the acoustic waveguide.
- the laser beam passes through the laser incident hole 14 of the acoustic waveguide in a direction substantially perpendicular to the irradiation point 7 and is irradiated to the irradiation point 7 at the center position of the cross section in the acoustic waveguide.
- an impact pressure pulse is generated from the irradiation point 7 by a laser-induced breakdown phenomenon at the instant of irradiation, and a pulsed sound wave can be generated.
- the generated pulsed sound wave propagates as a plane wave 8 inside the acoustic waveguide, as schematically shown in FIG. 1, and propagates as a spherical wave 9 beyond the opening end of the acoustic waveguide, so that the liquid in the container a The foam b on the surface is reached and sequentially destroyed at high speed.
- the pulsed sound wave generated in the acoustic waveguide propagates as a plane wave in the acoustic waveguide and propagates as a spherical wave beyond the opening end, so that most of the conventional free space is used in the conventional free space. This has the effect of concentrating the energy of the shock wave that has escaped in the direction of the opening edge.
- the liquid surface is not irradiated with laser light, and the content liquid is affected by the high-intensity laser. Fear can be dispelled. Since the laser beam path and the shock wave traveling path can be separated, there are few restrictions on the focusing optical system, and a focusing optical system with high breakdown efficiency can be constructed. In addition, the end of the pulse laser beam path can be reflected back by the reflection condensing element 11 and sent back to the irradiation point. As a result, light that has not been spent on laser-induced breakdown among the irradiated laser light can be used to enhance breakdown, improving efficiency and increasing safety.
- gas for example, inert gas such as nitrogen gas or air
- vapor generated from the filling liquid in the container enters the acoustic waveguide. It can prevent contamination.
- gas inlet is located between the irradiation point in the acoustic waveguide and the opening end, so that oxygen in the air is ionized and ozone is generated by laser-induced breakdown. It is possible to prevent ozone from flowing out from the opening end and entering the container.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a defoaming device 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the feature of the defoaming device 20 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the acoustic waveguide 21 has a bent shape as shown. As shown in FIG. 2, the acoustic waveguide 21 is formed to be bent to such an extent that the plasma light generated by the laser-induced breakdown at the irradiation point 7 is not directly visible from the opening end. Thereby, the plasma light is absorbed by the wall surface of the acoustic waveguide and is prevented from reaching the opening end.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a defoaming device 30 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the defoaming device of this embodiment is characterized in that the axial cross-sectional shape of the peripheral wall 32 of the acoustic waveguide 31 is substantially conical and the opening end is horn-shaped.
- impedance matching at the opening end is further improved, and higher pulsed sound waves can be generated.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a defoaming apparatus 40 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the acoustic waveguide 41 has a simpler cylindrical shape and a shorter length.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a defoaming apparatus 50 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- This embodiment is characterized in that the upper end wall 52 of the acoustic waveguide 51 is formed in a dome shape.
- the end of the acoustic waveguide opposite to the opening end in a dome shape as in this embodiment, there is an effect of promoting the formation of a plane wave.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a defoaming device 60 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the laser beam oscillated from the pulse laser beam oscillation device is irradiated in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the acoustic waveguide.
- the laser beam is irradiated to the axis of the acoustic waveguide.
- a pulsed laser beam oscillation device is arranged to irradiate parallel to the heart. Therefore, in this embodiment, the laser light incident hole 63 of the acoustic waveguide 61 is provided in the upper end wall 62.
- the pulsed laser beam oscillation device is installed in the horizontal direction due to restrictions such as the location of the defoaming device. If this is not possible, it is possible to install the pulse laser beam oscillation device coaxially with the acoustic waveguide as in this embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to those embodiments, and foam is generated using pulsed sound waves generated in an acoustic waveguide.
- the specific means is not particularly limited as long as it can be destroyed instantaneously, and various methods can be adopted.
- the present invention can be applied to a narrow-mouthed container having an opening narrower than a liquid surface where bubbles are generated, such as a PET bottle or a bottle can. In general, since the repetition period and the pulse width of the pulse laser beam are short, even if the container is transported, it can be handled as being substantially stopped.
- a pulsed sound wave may be generated once for one container, or may be generated a plurality of times at an arbitrary repetition period.
- a single light beam or a plurality of light beams may be irradiated. It is also possible to generate a plurality of pulsed sound waves while scanning the light beam using an optical element such as a galvanometer mirror.
- the defoaming method and defoaming apparatus of the present invention are particularly suitable for defoaming bubbles generated when filling a liquid such as a beverage into a container such as a can, a PET bottle, a bottle can, a glass bottle, or a pouch.
- the present invention is not limited to container packing, and can be used for defoaming foam generated in various food manufacturing processes such as a tofu manufacturing process, and a defoaming means in various industrial fields.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
- Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
この要求に対する解決策として、光を照射して消泡する技術が考えられ、これに関して多くの方法や装置が提案されている(例えば特許文献1~4参照)。この中にはレーザー光を照射する方法の提案も含まれている。例えば、レーザー光で消泡する方法として、泡にレーザー光を照射することにより、泡膜を形成している分子間結合と膜内の水分子あるいは有機分子を振動励起させ、分子間結合を切断し、泡を消去するようにしたものが提案されている(特許文献4参照)。
また、超音波を照射して消泡を行う方法や装置も提案されている。(特許文献5~9参照)。さらに、アーク放電によって衝撃波を発生させて消泡する消泡装置も提案されている(特許文献10参照)。その他、光、音及び放電のほかに、加熱、マイクロ波、高周波、電気風、静電気、蒸気を利用する消泡方法や装置も提案されている。
本発明者は、レーザー誘起ブレークダウンが消泡に対して優れた効果を発揮することを見出し、「パルス状のレーザー光を液面上方の気体部分に集光して照射することにより照射点を音源としてパルス状音波を発生させ、該パルス状音波が球面波となって伝播して泡沫を破壊させることを特徴とする消泡方法」を発明し提供した(特許文献11)。
この方法によれば、音源から強い圧力変化を伴うパルス状音波が球面波として伝播して泡を破壊して消泡することができる。したがって、従来のレーザービーム等の光照射によって消泡する場合と違って、ビームで各泡を照射する必要がないので、短時間に高速で消泡することができる。また、容器の内周面まで、パルス状音波は伝播するので、従来の方法では消泡が困難であった容器内周壁面近傍の泡も効果的に消泡することができる。また、パルス状の光を液面上方の気体部分に集光させることによりブレークダウンを発生させて消泡するため、液面に直接レーザーを照射する場合と比べて液面の衝撃が少なく、液滴が飛散して装置に付着したり、レーザー照射口のガラス部材に付着することがない。したがって、この方法は、特に装置の衛生性や光学特性の維持に有利である。
さらに、前記レーザー光の終端に反射集光素子を設けることによって、照射したレーザー光のうち、レーザー誘起ブレークダウンに費やされなかった光を、ブレークダウン増強に用いることができ、効率が向上すると共に安全性が高まる。
さらに、音響導波管と外部空間との音響インピーダンスを整合させることによって、開口端における音波の伝播損失を抑制することができる。
さらに、音響導波管を曲管とすることで、照射点のプラズマ光が開口端から直接見えないようにするので、プラズマ光は音響導波管の壁面で吸収され、開口端には届かず、プラズマ光による内容物に影響を与える恐れを払拭することができる。
さらに、音響導波管の中にガスを導入することによって、開口端から外部の空気が侵入するのを防ぐことができる。また、充填内容液からは通常蒸気が出ているが、この蒸気が音響導波管に侵入して汚染するのを導入されたガスの存在により防ぐことができる。ガスの導入口は、照射点と開口端の間に位置するのが好ましく、レーザー誘起ブレークダウンにより、空気中の酸素がイオン化されて、オゾンが発生するが、このオゾンが開口端から流出して缶などの容器内に入ることを防ぐことができる。
2 パルスレーザー光発振装置
3 集光光学系
4、21、31、41、51、61 音響導波管
6 光束
7 照射点
8 平面波
9 球面波
12、32 周壁
13、52、62 上端壁
14、63 レーザー光入射孔
15 レーザー光通過孔
16 開口端
17 ガス導入口
図中、1は本実施形態に係る消泡装置であり、パルス状の光を発生するパルスレーザー光発振装置2、該パルス状レーザー光発振装置より発振されたパルス状レーザー光を集光する集光光学系3、及び音響導波管4とから構成され、該音響導波管の開口端16が消泡対象物の液面に対して鉛直方向上方に面するように配置されるように構成されている。図1に示す実施形態では、容器aへの内容物の密封充填ラインにおいて、内容物が充填された容器aを密封装置に搬送するコンベヤの上方、又は密封装置内の封止前の容器通過位置の上方に音響導波管4を垂直に配置し、該音響導波管4の軸心に対して略垂直方向からパルスレーザー光を照射するようにパルスレーザー光発振装置2が配置されている。
反射集光素子11は、図に示した凹面鏡の他に、凸レンズと平面鏡の組合せ素子、その他任意の素子が利用可能である。
レンズ10は、図1に示すように、パルスレーザー光発振装置と別体に形成してもよいが、パルスレーザー光発振装置に一体に設けることも可能である。レーザー誘起ブレークダウンにより発生するパルス状音波の強さは、照射点における単位面積あたり光パワー密度により変化する。従って、集光光学系3を最適化して集光性を高めることによって、同じレーザー出力から効率よくレーザー誘起ブレークダウンを発生させることができる。一般に、集光性を高めるには、レンズの開口数(NA)が大きいほうが有利である。このことは、大口径で焦点距離の短いレンズほど集光性が高まることを意味する。しかしながら、焦点距離が短くなると、液面との距離が狭まり、液滴の飛散などによって汚れやすくなる。集光性を高めるためには、波面が揃っている方が有利である。このため、複数のレンズの組合せにより収差を補正した組合せレンズ(アプラナートレンズ)や、レンズ面の形状を波面の状態に合わせて設計した非球面レンズなどを用いるのが好ましい。
なお、音響導波管の内部に反射集光素子を設けることができる場合は、該レーザー光通過孔15は形成する必要はない。また、音響導波管の周壁には、後述するようにガス導入口17が形成されている。該ガス導入口は、ブレークダウンにより発生するオゾンが開口端から流出して容器内に入ることを防ぐために、外部より音響導波管内にガスを導入するためのものであり、照射点と開口端の間に位置するのが好ましい。音響導波管4の開口端16は、開口端における音波の伝播損失を抑制するために、本実施形態ではホーン形状に形成されている。
図2に示す実施形態の消泡装置20の特徴は、音響導波管21が図示のように曲がった形状となっていることである。音響導波管21は、図2に示すように、照射点7におけるレーザー誘起ブレークダウンによる生じるプラズマ光が開口端から直接見えない程度に屈曲して形成されている。それにより、プラズマ光は音響導波管の壁面で吸収され、開口端には届かないようにしている。
本実施形態の消泡装置は、音響導波管31の周壁32の軸方向断面形状を略円錐形状にし、かつ開口端をホーン形状にしたことに特徴がある。音響導波管の軸方向断面形状を略円錐形状にすることによって、開口端のインピーダンス整合がより図られ、より高いパルス状音波を発生させることができる。
また、本発明は、PETボトルやボトル缶などの、泡の発生する液面より狭い開口部を有する狭口容器に対して適用することができる。一般にパルスレーザー光の繰返し周期およびパルス幅は短いので、容器が搬送されていても実質的には止まっているものとして扱うことができる。一つの容器に対して、一回だけパルス状音波を発生させてもよいし、任意の繰返し周期で複数回発生させてもよい。単一の光束を照射してもよいし、複数の光束を照射してもよい。また、ガルバノミラーなどの光学素子を用いて、光束を走査しながら複数のパルス状音波を発生させることも可能である。
Claims (12)
- パルス状のレーザー光を集光して音響導波管の内部空間に照射することにより照射点を音源としてパルス状音波を発生させ、該パルス状音波が音響導波管内を伝播して、音響導波管開口端の外部にある泡沫を破壊させることを特徴とする消泡方法。
- 前記レーザー光を、前記音響導波管の軸に対してほぼ垂直方向に照射する請求項1に記載の消泡方法。
- 前記レーザー光の終端に反射集光素子を設け、前記照射点を通過したレーザー光を再び照射点に戻すようにしてなる請求項2に記載の消泡方法。
- 前記音響導波管と外部空間との音響インピーダンスを整合させ、該音響導波管の開口端における音波の伝播損失を抑制するようにしてなる請求項1に記載の消泡方法。
- 前記音響導波管を曲管形状に形成して、照射点のプラズマ光が開口端から直接見えないようにした請求項1に記載の消泡方法。
- 前記音響導波管の中に、ガスを流入してなる請求項1に記載の消泡方法。
- パルス状のレーザー光を集光して照射点を音源としてパルス状音波を発生させ、該パルス状音波により消泡する消泡装置であって、パルス状レーザー光発振装置と、該パルス状レーザー光発振装置より発振されたパルス状レーザー光を集光する集光光学系と、及び該集光光学系を介して照射される前記パルス状レーザー光が通過するレーザー光入射孔を有して管内部空間に照射点が位置するように配置された音響導波管との組合せからなり、該音響導波管の開口端が消泡対象物の液面に対して鉛直方向上方に面するように配置されるようにしてなることを特徴とする消泡装置。
- 前記音響導波管のレーザー光入射孔は、周壁に形成され、前記パルス状のレーザー光を前記音響導波管の軸に対して垂直方向に照射できるようにしてなる請求項7に記載の消泡装置。
- 前記音響導波管の周壁には、前記レーザー光入射孔と反対側の位置にレーザー光通過孔が形成され、且つ該レーザー光の通過孔の外側に前記音響導波管内の前記照射点が焦点となるように反射集光素子を配置してなる請求項8に記載の消泡装置。
- 前記音響導波管の開口端がホーン形状となっている請求項7に記載の消泡装置。
- 前記音響導波管を曲管形状に形成して、前記照射点のプラズマ光が開口端から直接見えないようにした請求項7に記載の消泡装置。
- 前記音響導波管の周壁の前記レーザー光入射孔より開口端寄りの位置にガス導入孔が形成され、該ガス導入孔にガス供給管が連結されてなる請求項7に記載の消泡装置。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020127013721A KR101327153B1 (ko) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-22 | 소포 방법 및 그 장치 |
| CN201080048798.7A CN102665845B (zh) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-22 | 消泡方法及其装置 |
| EP10826628.9A EP2495023B1 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-22 | Defoaming method and device |
| US13/503,565 US9283498B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-22 | Defoaming method and device |
| JP2011538393A JP5605581B2 (ja) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-22 | 消泡方法およびその装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009246726 | 2009-10-27 | ||
| JP2009-246726 | 2009-10-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011052496A1 true WO2011052496A1 (ja) | 2011-05-05 |
Family
ID=43921918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/068676 Ceased WO2011052496A1 (ja) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-10-22 | 消泡方法およびその装置 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9283498B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2495023B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5605581B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101327153B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102665845B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011052496A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014057914A (ja) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-04-03 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | 消泡方法および消泡装置 |
| JP2014531980A (ja) * | 2011-10-05 | 2014-12-04 | リスト ホールディング アーゲー | 非揮発性又は揮発性の低い基質から揮発性物質の熱的な分離方法 |
| JP2015039682A (ja) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-02 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | 消泡装置 |
| CN105592903A (zh) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-05-18 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 用于净化灰水的装置和方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015114510A1 (de) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-02 | Agraferm Technologies Ag | Vorrichtung und Verringerung der Schaumbildung in einem Biogasfermenter |
| DE102018214972A1 (de) * | 2018-09-04 | 2020-03-05 | Krones Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdrängen von Luft aus Flaschen mit karbonisierten Getränken |
| CN110491993B (zh) * | 2019-07-24 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | 一种pi基板的制备方法及其显示装置 |
| CN110818106B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-04-12 | 广州中晟水务环保科技有限公司 | 一种带有消泡功能的高效曝气污水处理池 |
| CN111846313B (zh) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-09 | 赵育珊 | 一种用于装料过程中消除液体泡沫的装置 |
| US12407980B2 (en) | 2023-03-01 | 2025-09-02 | Qsc, Llc | Customizable waveguides and associated systems and methods |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53102178U (ja) | 1977-01-21 | 1978-08-17 | ||
| JPS6031306U (ja) | 1983-08-08 | 1985-03-02 | 株式会社 西原環境衛生研究所 | 消泡装置 |
| JPS6290397A (ja) | 1985-10-14 | 1987-04-24 | 日本カ−リツト株式会社 | 導電紙または導電シ−ト |
| JPS63104620A (ja) | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 消泡方法 |
| JPS63252509A (ja) | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 光ビ−ムを応用した消泡装置 |
| JPH06191595A (ja) | 1992-11-02 | 1994-07-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 容器ヘッドスペースの泡消去装置 |
| JPH07291395A (ja) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 容器ヘッドスペースの泡消去装置 |
| JPH09328193A (ja) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-22 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | 容器ヘッドスペースの消泡方法およびその装置 |
| JPH1190330A (ja) | 1997-09-12 | 1999-04-06 | Yoichi Ito | 超音波放射装置 |
| JP2002520226A (ja) | 1998-07-08 | 2002-07-09 | テトラ ラバル ホールデイングス エ フイナンス ソシエテ アノニム | 包装機械の消泡装置 |
| JP2007086339A (ja) | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 光走査装置及び画像形成装置 |
| WO2007086339A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-02 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | 消泡方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4608979A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1986-09-02 | Washington Research Foundation | Apparatus for the noninvasive shock fragmentation of renal calculi |
| JPS6290397U (ja) | 1985-11-27 | 1987-06-09 | ||
| EP0841300A1 (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 1998-05-13 | Olaf Dipl.-Ing. Babel | A process and a device for headspace foaming of containers filled with carbonated beverages |
| US20040129555A1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2004-07-08 | Marchitto Kevin S. | Energy enhanced reaction catalysis and uses thereof |
| US6694705B1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2004-02-24 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, Sa | Defoaming device for a packaging machine |
| EP1665998A3 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2010-10-20 | Bio Scan Ltd. | Ultrasonic transducer probe |
| US20070089606A1 (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-04-26 | Cullen Robert R | Systems and methods for controlling foaming |
| DE102009014857B4 (de) * | 2009-03-30 | 2014-06-26 | Khs Gmbh | Verfahren zum Füllen von Flaschen oder dergleichen Behältern sowie Füllmaschine |
| JP5679116B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-08 | 2015-03-04 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | 消泡装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-10-22 JP JP2011538393A patent/JP5605581B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-10-22 EP EP10826628.9A patent/EP2495023B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-10-22 CN CN201080048798.7A patent/CN102665845B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-10-22 WO PCT/JP2010/068676 patent/WO2011052496A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2010-10-22 US US13/503,565 patent/US9283498B2/en active Active
- 2010-10-22 KR KR1020127013721A patent/KR101327153B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53102178U (ja) | 1977-01-21 | 1978-08-17 | ||
| JPS6031306U (ja) | 1983-08-08 | 1985-03-02 | 株式会社 西原環境衛生研究所 | 消泡装置 |
| JPS6290397A (ja) | 1985-10-14 | 1987-04-24 | 日本カ−リツト株式会社 | 導電紙または導電シ−ト |
| JPS63104620A (ja) | 1986-10-20 | 1988-05-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 消泡方法 |
| JPS63252509A (ja) | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 光ビ−ムを応用した消泡装置 |
| JPH06191595A (ja) | 1992-11-02 | 1994-07-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 容器ヘッドスペースの泡消去装置 |
| JPH07291395A (ja) | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 容器ヘッドスペースの泡消去装置 |
| JPH09328193A (ja) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-22 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | 容器ヘッドスペースの消泡方法およびその装置 |
| JPH1190330A (ja) | 1997-09-12 | 1999-04-06 | Yoichi Ito | 超音波放射装置 |
| JP2002520226A (ja) | 1998-07-08 | 2002-07-09 | テトラ ラバル ホールデイングス エ フイナンス ソシエテ アノニム | 包装機械の消泡装置 |
| JP2007086339A (ja) | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 光走査装置及び画像形成装置 |
| WO2007086339A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-02 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | 消泡方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP2495023A4 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014531980A (ja) * | 2011-10-05 | 2014-12-04 | リスト ホールディング アーゲー | 非揮発性又は揮発性の低い基質から揮発性物質の熱的な分離方法 |
| JP2014057914A (ja) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-04-03 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | 消泡方法および消泡装置 |
| JP2015039682A (ja) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-02 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | 消泡装置 |
| CN105592903A (zh) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-05-18 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 用于净化灰水的装置和方法 |
| CN105592903B (zh) * | 2013-10-08 | 2017-12-19 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 用于净化灰水的装置和方法 |
| US10710904B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2020-07-14 | Conopco, Inc. | Device and a process for purification of grey water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102665845A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
| JP5605581B2 (ja) | 2014-10-15 |
| US20120208901A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
| CN102665845B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
| EP2495023A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
| EP2495023B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| US9283498B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
| KR20120087969A (ko) | 2012-08-07 |
| EP2495023A4 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| JPWO2011052496A1 (ja) | 2013-03-21 |
| KR101327153B1 (ko) | 2013-11-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5605581B2 (ja) | 消泡方法およびその装置 | |
| JP5321778B2 (ja) | 消泡方法 | |
| CN103402597B (zh) | 消泡方法以及消泡装置 | |
| US9649722B2 (en) | Ultrasound-assisted water-confined laser micromachining | |
| JP2011240365A (ja) | レーザ溶接装置およびレーザ溶接方法 | |
| US20110147351A1 (en) | Laser processing apparatus and laser processing method | |
| KR101278425B1 (ko) | 광원 장치 | |
| CN106312302A (zh) | 一种自聚焦激光加工装置 | |
| CN115365649A (zh) | 一种水射流辅助激光诱导等离子体加工方法及装置 | |
| US6599948B1 (en) | Foam control | |
| KR102472644B1 (ko) | 취성 재료 기판의 분단 방법 그리고 분단 장치 | |
| JP6132083B2 (ja) | 消泡方法および消泡装置 | |
| JP2007061717A (ja) | 消泡方法及び消泡装置 | |
| JP6156639B2 (ja) | 消泡装置 | |
| JP2006049491A (ja) | プリパルス除去による主パルスレーザー発生装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201080048798.7 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 10826628 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011538393 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13503565 Country of ref document: US |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2010826628 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20127013721 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |