WO2011082510A1 - 一种内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置 - Google Patents

一种内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011082510A1
WO2011082510A1 PCT/CN2010/001613 CN2010001613W WO2011082510A1 WO 2011082510 A1 WO2011082510 A1 WO 2011082510A1 CN 2010001613 W CN2010001613 W CN 2010001613W WO 2011082510 A1 WO2011082510 A1 WO 2011082510A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
hole
resonant
resonant cavity
sound absorbing
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2010/001613
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张倩
吕亚东
杨军
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
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Application filed by Institute of Acoustics CAS filed Critical Institute of Acoustics CAS
Priority to EP10841854.2A priority Critical patent/EP2487677B1/en
Priority to US13/515,148 priority patent/US20120247867A1/en
Publication of WO2011082510A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011082510A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8428—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling containing specially shaped acoustical bodies, e.g. funnels, egg-crates, fanfolds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8452—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with peripheral frame members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite sound absorbing device, and more particularly to a composite sound absorbing device having a built-in resonant cavity.
  • the perforated plate resonance sound absorbing structure, the micro-perforated plate sound absorbing structure and the double-layer micro-perforated plate sound absorbing structure have many advantages in sound absorption characteristics, flow resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, sanitary cleaning, etc. Features, but still can not meet the actual needs of some noise control, especially in the case where the sound absorption space is strictly limited, it is somewhat powerless to control the low frequency noise, because for the general resonance sound absorption structure, to enhance its low frequency sound absorption, It is necessary to greatly increase the depth of the cavity, which is often impossible to apply in the actual project.
  • the G10K is currently searched, and the G10K 1 1/172 is searched for and the comparative literature is found: Chinese patent ZL 00100641. X "Tube-type perforated plate Resonant sound absorbing device" and Chinese patent ZL00264613. 7 "multi-cavity parallel side-supporting muffler".
  • the main feature of the patented "tube bundle perforated plate resonance sound absorbing device” is that the tube bundle type perforated plate resonance sound absorbing structure is composed of a perforated plate and a bottom plate, side plates (three closed closed cavities) and a tube bundle.
  • the tube bundle is composed of a plurality of elongated tubes (which can be curved flexible tube bundles) having the same diameter as the perforated plate, and the length of the flexible tube bundle is not limited by the depth of the resonant sound absorbing structure of the perforated plate (the design can be short and varied, Tuning the resonant frequency and changing the sound absorption coefficient at different frequencies), the tube bundle length can be less than the cavity depth, and can be much larger than the cavity depth.
  • the structure utilizes the sound absorption principle of the cavity coupling resonance to increase the sound absorption coefficient and the sound resistance, and improve the low frequency sound absorption effect. fruit.
  • the current sound absorption band of the tube bundle perforated plate is limited to the middle and low frequency, and the sound absorption band is not wide enough.
  • the length of the tube bundle is very important for the tube bundle type perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure. If the tube length is too short, it is sucked Sound performance will have a great impact, greatly reducing the sound absorption performance. Therefore, if you want to ensure better sound absorption performance, you must use a longer tube bundle, and the depth of the back cavity will increase accordingly, which is not conducive to the popularization and use of the device.
  • the tube bundle design is single, and the sound absorption characteristics of the lumen coupling resonance and the contribution of the length of the tube bundle to the consumption of sound energy cannot be fully utilized.
  • the main feature of the patented "multi-cavity parallel bypass muffler” is that the multi-cavity parallel side-supporting resonance muffler is used in the intake system of the internal combustion engine of the automobile, including the intake pipe and 2-4 resonant cavities arranged in parallel, and the resonant cavity is placed.
  • each resonant cavity is sequentially connected to an axially disposed radial through hole on the intake pipe through a conduit.
  • the size of the radial through hole and the conduit are matched according to the intake noise spectrum of the internal combustion engine, and the muffler can be greatly reduced.
  • the gas noise can increase the power of the internal combustion engine and the volume is small.
  • the present invention proposes a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity that combines acoustic scattering on the surface of a resonant cavity, small hole silencing, and resonant cavity coupling resonance to achieve improved sound absorption coefficient and widened sound absorption.
  • the purpose of the band is to achieve improved sound absorption coefficient and widened sound absorption.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a composite sound absorbing device having a built-in resonant cavity in order to overcome the drawbacks of the current noise control using the low frequency sound absorption in the above method.
  • the resonant cavity may be: a sphere, an ellipsoid or a polyhedron; the second hole directly communicates with the closed cavity or communicates with the closed cavity through the tube bundle; if the resonance When there are a plurality of cavities, they are placed directly in the closed cavity or respectively in a closed cavity divided by a plurality of partitions.
  • the first hole or the second hole may be connected to one end of the tube bundle, the tube bundle is located in the closed cavity for increasing the acoustic resistance; and the other end of the tube bundle on the second hole is
  • the closed cavity may be connected to communicate with a second hole in the other resonant cavity or to communicate with the first hole in the perforated plate.
  • the tube bundle may be a metal tube, a glass tube, a plastic tube or a rubber tube; if the tube bundle is a rubber tube bundle, the first transition joint is installed at the tube bundle port by bonding with the first hole or the second hole; The first hole is connected or the second transition joint is connected to the second hole at the tube bundle port; if the tube bundle is a metal tube bundle, a glass tube bundle or a plastic tube bundle, by bonding, welding, screwing, one injection molding and the first A hole or a second hole is connected, a first transition joint is installed at the bundle port to connect with the first hole or a second transition joint is connected to the second hole at the bundle port.
  • the back surface of the perforated plate may be coated with a porous sound absorbing material, the porous sound absorbing material in the closed cavity; ⁇ 200mm.
  • the perforated plate is an iron plate, a steel plate, a copper plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, a plastic plate, a glass plate, a PVC plate, a PE plate or a wood board.
  • the length of the tube bundle 1 is 1 ⁇ 5000 ⁇ , the diameter is 0. l ⁇ 100mm, the length of the tube bundle is 1 ⁇ 5000 ⁇ , the diameter of the tube is 0. l ⁇ 100mm .
  • the composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention comprises a perforated plate with a hole, a back plate, a side plate and a plurality of resonant cavities.
  • the resonant cavity is a small cavity placed in the closed cavity.
  • the function of the resonant cavity is mainly sound divergence, connecting closed cavity and increasing acoustic resistance; when the acoustic wave reaches the resonant cavity, pushing the second cavity in the resonant cavity
  • the air column is reciprocatingly vibrated. Due to the viscous damping effect, part of the acoustic energy is converted into heat energy, which makes use of the principle of the Helmholtz resonator.
  • the hole in the cavity wall of the resonant cavity is the original perforation. Board
  • the structure increases the acoustic resistance, fully consumes the sound energy, and enhances the sound absorption; the hollow design of the resonant cavity adds acoustic resistance to the sound absorbing device, and the resonant cavity and the closed cavity are connected in series to achieve multi-cavity coupling resonance.
  • the purpose is to broaden the sound absorption band; the resonant cavity and the second hole can be designed to be of different sizes to tune the resonant frequency and change the sound absorption coefficient at different frequencies.
  • the invention utilizes a resonant cavity to form acoustic scattering in a closed cavity, and a second hole to increase acoustic resistance to consume acoustic energy, and a multi-cavity coupled resonance sound absorption principle to modulate the resonance absorption peak and the sound absorption band, Sound resistance and sound quality help to improve the sound absorption and widen the sound absorption band.
  • the main technical features of the present invention include:
  • the "composite sound absorbing device with built-in resonant cavity" of the present invention connects the resonant cavity and the closed cavity through the second hole to achieve the purpose of coupling resonance between the cavity, and broadens the sound absorption band.
  • the number of holes in the resonant cavity there is no limitation on the number of holes in the resonant cavity, so that the acoustic resistance is added to the entire sound absorbing device, and the number and diameter of the holes can be adjusted as needed to adjust the size of the acoustic resistance and improve the sound absorption coefficient;
  • the tube bundle on the cavity prolongs the thickness of the hole in the resonant cavity, which not only helps to increase the acoustic resistance, but also connects the resonant cavity with the tube bundle, which is beneficial to the coupling resonance between the cavities and is beneficial to improve the sound absorption.
  • the coupling resonance between the resonant cavity and the closed cavity can be regarded as the double-layer structure of the muffling in the same cavity.
  • the treatment reduces the volume of the rear cavity and achieves the sound-absorbing effect of the double-layer sound absorbing structure, which is beneficial to use in an environment where the space is strictly restricted;
  • the muffling frequency range of the composite sound absorbing device of the vibrating cavity can design the resonant cavity and the second hole to have different shapes and shapes, and the design is flexible, and is suitable for various occasions requiring muffling treatment;
  • the acoustic scattering on the surface of the cavity enables the sound waves to reach each of the resonant cavities in the back cavity, and pushes the air column in the second hole to reciprocate, fully consuming the sound energy, which is beneficial to make full use of the back cavity space to achieve sound absorption. the goal of.
  • the invention has the advantages that a plurality of resonant cavities are added in the limited back cavity space, and the sound absorption, the acoustic resistance of the holes and the sound absorption principle of the multi-cavity coupling resonance, and the cavity and the hole size are fully utilized. Modulation characteristics of the resonance absorption peak and the sound absorption band, thereby increasing the sound absorption coefficient, enhancing the effective absorption of the medium and low frequency noise, and broadening the sound absorption band.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention, that is, each of the total The vibrating cavity has a second hole directly communicating with the closed cavity;
  • each of the resonant cavity bodies has twenty-six second holes communicating with the closed cavity;
  • each resonant cavity has four second holes, and one of the second holes communicates with a first hole in the perforated plate through the tube bundle, and the other The second hole is directly connected to the closed cavity;
  • each resonant cavity has three second holes, and one of the second holes communicates with the closed cavity through a tube bundle;
  • each resonant cavity has two second holes, and each of the two resonant cavity bodies is connected by a bundle of tubes, and the other The two holes are directly connected to the closed cavity;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a composite sound absorbing device with a first transition joint and a second transition joint installed in the present invention
  • each resonant cavity has two second holes having different diameters
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the composite sound absorbing device of the present invention, that is, two kinds of resonant cavities having different volumes in the closed cavity;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the composite sound absorbing device of the present invention, that is, a resonant cavity having an ellipsoid and a cube in the closed cavity;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of a composite sound absorbing device with a partition plate installed in the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the composite sound absorbing device of the present invention, that is, the first hole in the perforated plate is connected with a tube bundle;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the composite sound absorbing device of the present invention, that is, a porous sound absorbing material is applied to the back surface of the perforated plate;
  • Figure 13 is a comparison diagram of the sound absorbing performance of the resonant sound absorbing device and the perforated plate of the present invention measured by the standing wave tube (cavity depth: 50 ⁇ );
  • Figure 14 is a comparison diagram of the sound absorbing performance of a composite sound absorbing device having different numbers of resonant cavities of the present invention measured by a standing wave tube (cavity depth: 100 mm);
  • Figure 15 is a comparison of the mid-low frequency sound absorption performance of the composite sound absorbing device with the built-in resonant cavity measured by the standing wave tube and the tube bundle perforated plate (cavity depth 50 ⁇ ).
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of stainless steel, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 40 ⁇ , and the perforated plate 1 has a side length of 80.
  • the square stainless steel plate has a thickness of 5 inches, and the perforated plate 1 is provided with a first hole 6, the first hole 6 has a diameter of 3 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 28%, and the first hole 6 of the perforated plate 1 is arranged.
  • the method is a regular square arrangement; there are four resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the aluminum cavity of the resonant cavity 5, the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 1. 4 X 10 , the cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 5 mm; There is a second hole 6' in the cavity wall of the cavity 5, the aperture d' of the second hole 6' is 2 ⁇ , and the perforation rate ⁇ ' of the second hole 6' is 0. 06%; Close the cavity.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of stainless steel, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 50 mm, and the perforated plate 1 is a circle having a diameter of 100 mm.
  • the first hole 6 has a diameter of 1. 7 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 4.6%, and the first hole of the perforated plate 1 is a first hole.
  • the arrangement of 6 is a regular square arrangement; there are four resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the plastic spherical cavity of the resonant cavity 5, the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 3.35 X 10 , and the cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 0.
  • cavity of the resonant cavity 5 There are 26 second holes 6' on the wall, and the second holes 6' are evenly distributed on the circumference of the three mutually perpendicular hemispheres of the sphere (16 second holes 6' on each circumference, each of the three circumferences There are 4 second holes 6' overlapping on one circumference, the second hole 6' has a hole diameter d' of 0.5 mm, and the second hole 6' has a perforation rate ⁇ ' of 0.1%; the cavity 5 is randomly placed in the closed cavity Inside.
  • the experimental study on the mid-low frequency muffling mechanism of the composite sound absorbing device with built-in resonant cavity was completed by the standing wave tube.
  • the mid-low frequency sound absorption coefficient of the composite sound absorbing device of the perforated plate, the perforated plate of the spherical body in which the non-porous hole is placed in the rear cavity and the built-in resonant cavity is measured, and the multi-cavity coupling is determined to improve the sound absorption coefficient.
  • the parameters of other resonant sound absorbing structures used in the measurement are as follows:
  • Perforated plate parameters The holes are arranged in a square, the hole diameter is 1.7mm, the center distance between the holes is 7mm, the plate thickness is 0.7mm, and the back cavity depth is 50mm;
  • Perforated plate parameters of a sphere with no holes in the back cavity The perforated plate holes are arranged in a square with a hole diameter of 1.7 ⁇ , the center-to-center spacing between the holes is 7 ⁇ , the plate thickness is 0.7 ⁇ ; 4 non-porous plastic hollows are placed in the back cavity
  • the sphere has a wall thickness of 0.4 ⁇ and a volume of 3.35X10. The sphere is randomly placed in the closed cavity with a depth of 50 ⁇ .
  • the sound absorption coefficient of the perforated plate sound absorbing device of the perforated plate and the spherical body in which the non-porous hole is placed in the back cavity is similar, and the highest sound absorption coefficient is 1000 Hz and 1250 Hz, respectively, not more than 0.35, and the sound absorption effect is poor.
  • the resonance of the composite sound absorbing device with built-in resonant cavity reaches 0.928 at 630Hz. Between 500Hz and 1250Hz, the sound absorption coefficient reaches 0.5 or more, and the frequency bandwidth reaches 750Hz or more.
  • the absorption of the composite sound absorbing device with built-in resonant cavity can be seen. The sound effect is significantly better than the other two sound absorption effects.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of stainless steel, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 100 ⁇ , and the perforated plate 1 has a diameter of 100 mm.
  • the circular stainless steel plate has a thickness of 0.7 mm, and the first hole 6 is provided on the perforated plate 1.
  • the first hole 6 has a diameter of 1.7 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 4.6%, and the first hole 6 of the perforated plate 1 is arranged.
  • the method is a regular square arrangement; there are 9, 7, 4 and 1 resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, and the resonant cavity 5 is a plastic spherical cavity.
  • the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 3.35X10, resonance Cavity wall of cavity 5
  • the thickness is 0. 4mm; there are 26 second holes 6' in the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5, and the second hole 6' is evenly distributed on the circumference of three mutually perpendicular hemispherical surfaces of the sphere (16 on each circumference)
  • the second hole 6' has four second holes 6' overlapping on each of the three circumferences, and the second hole 6' has an aperture d' of 0.5 ⁇ , and the second hole 6' has a perforation rate ⁇ ' 0. 1%;
  • the resonant cavity 5 is randomly placed in the closed cavity.
  • the parameters of the other resonant sound absorbing structures used in the measurement are as follows: Perforated plate parameters: The holes are arranged in a square, the hole diameter is 1. 7 mm, the center-to-center spacing between the holes is 7 ⁇ , the plate thickness is 0.7 mm, and the back cavity depth is 100 mm.
  • the resonant sound absorption peak of the resonant sound absorbing device having a resonant cavity in the closed cavity is at 630 Hz, the sound absorption coefficient is not greater than 0.4, and the sound absorption coefficient of 2000 Hz is about 0.6;
  • the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption coefficient of the resonance sound absorption device of the four resonance chambers in the cavity is 0.02 Hz, and the sound absorption coefficient is greater than 0.
  • the sound absorption coefficient is about 0.8;
  • the sound absorption coefficient of the resonance sound absorption device having a resonance cavity in the cavity reaches 0.95 or more at 800 Hz, and the sound absorption coefficient between 400 Hz and 800 Hz is greater than 0.5, the sound absorption coefficient of 2000 Hz is about 0.85;
  • the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption coefficient is about 0.8. It can be seen that as the number of resonant cavities in the closed cavity increases, the frequency bandwidth widens, and the resonant peak of the main sound absorption band gradually increases and is divided into two, and a sound absorption structure similar to the double-layer micro-perforated plate appears. Characteristics; in addition, the sound absorption coefficient at 2000 Hz also follows the cavity Increased to improve.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device comprises a perforated plate made of plastic, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 200 ⁇ , 500 mm, 1000 mm or 2000 mm, and the perforated plate 1 031%, on the perforated plate 1 , the perforated plate 1 is a perforated plate 1 having a thickness of 2 ⁇ , the perforated plate 1 is provided with a first hole 6 , the first hole 6 has a diameter of 2 ⁇ , the first hole 6 perforation rate is 0.
  • the first holes 6 are arranged in a manner Regular square arrangement; there are 100 resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the glass cavity of the resonant cavity 5, the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 2.7 ⁇ 10, the cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 10 mm; the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5 There are four second holes 6', and the second holes 6' are evenly distributed on the circumference of one hemisphere of the sphere.
  • the aperture d' of the second hole 6' is 2 mm, and the perforation rate ⁇ ' of the second hole 6' is 0.06%; three of the four second holes 6' of each cavity 5 are in communication with the closed cavity, and the other second hole 6' is connected to the first tube bundle 4, the other end of the tube bundle 4 Corresponding to the first hole 6 in the perforated plate 1; the tube bundle 4 is a metal tube, a glass tube or a plastic tube, the length 1 is 10 mm, 50 mm or 100 mm, and the diameter is 2 ⁇ ; the connection of the tube bundle 4 and the perforated plate 1 is bonding , threaded connection or one injection molding; the connection between the resonant cavity 5 and the tube bundle 4 is bonding, welding, screwing or one injection molding.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device comprises a perforated plate made of a glass plate, a PVC plate, a PE plate or a wooden board, a back plate 2 made of glass, and a side plate 3 made of glass.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 100 mm.
  • the perforated plate 1 is a square plate of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm and has a thickness of 3 ⁇ .
  • the perforated plate 1 is provided with a first hole 6 , the diameter of the first hole 6 is 1 awake, the perforation rate of the first hole 6 is 0.6%, and the perforated plate 1 is A hole 6 is arranged in a hexagonal arrangement; there are 16 resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, a rubber ball cavity in the resonant cavity 5, a volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 3.35X10, and a cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 0.8. ⁇ ; the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5 has three second holes 6', the second hole 6' is evenly distributed on the circumference of one hemisphere of the sphere, and the second hole 6' has an aperture d' of lmm, the second hole
  • the perforation rate ⁇ ' of 6' is 0.047%; the second hole 6' of each cavity 5 is connected to a tube bundle 4, and the other end of the tube bundle 4 is in communication with the closed cavity; the tube bundle 4 is a rubber tube, and the length 1 is
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of a copper plate, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel, and a closed cavity composed of a side plate 3 made of stainless steel having a depth D of 40 ⁇ , the perforated plate 1 being a square plate having a side length of 80 ,, a thickness of 1 mm, and a first plate on the perforated plate 1
  • the hole 6, the first hole 6 has a diameter of 3 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 28%, and the first hole 6 on the perforated plate 1 is arranged in a regular square arrangement;
  • the closed cavity has four resonant cavities 5, and the resonance
  • the cavity 5 is a copper ball cavity, the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 1.4 ⁇ 10, the cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 5 ⁇ ; the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5 has two second holes 6
  • connection mode of 1 is bonding, screwing or one injection molding; the connection mode of the resonant cavity 5 and the tube bundle 4 is welding or screwing, resonance
  • the cavity 5 is randomly placed in the closed cavity.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of plastic, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 200 mm, and the perforated plate 1 is a square plate of 1000 mm X 1000 mm.
  • the thickness of the perforated plate 1 is provided with a first hole 6, the first hole 6 has a diameter of 2 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 0.031%, and the first hole 6 of the perforated plate 1 is arranged in a regular square.
  • the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5 has Two second holes 6', the second holes 6' are uniformly distributed on the circumference of one hemisphere of the sphere, the second hole 6' has a hole diameter d' of 2 mm, and the second hole 6' has a perforation rate ⁇ ' of 0.03%.
  • a second hole 6' of each resonant cavity 5 is in communication with the closed cavity, and the other second hole 6' is connected to a tube bundle 4, and the other end of the tube bundle 4 is in communication with the first hole 6 in the perforated plate 1;
  • the tube bundle 4 is a rubber tube having a length of 100 mm and a diameter of 2 mm; the connection of the tube bundle 4 to the perforated plate 1 Mounting a first connection transition joint ⁇ ; cavity 5 is connected with the tube bundle 4 of the way through a second transition joints' 7 is connected to the installation.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device comprises a perforated plate made of plastic, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 200 ⁇ , and the perforated plate 1 is 1000 ⁇ X 1000
  • the first hole 6 has a diameter of 2 ⁇
  • the first hole 6 has a diameter of 2 ⁇
  • the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 0.031%
  • the first hole 6 of the perforated plate 1 Arranged in a regular square arrangement; there are 100 resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the plastic spherical cavity in the resonant cavity 5, and the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 2.
  • the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5 The thickness of the cavity 5 has two second holes 6' on the cavity wall, and the second holes 6' are non-uniformly distributed on the circumference of one hemisphere of the sphere, and the aperture d of the second hole 6'
  • the aperture d' of the second hole 6' is 1 ⁇
  • the perforation rate ⁇ ' of the second hole 6' is 0. 039%; the cavity 5 is randomly placed in the closed cavity.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device comprises a perforated plate made of a copper plate, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 40 ⁇ , and the perforated plate 1 has a side length of 80.
  • the square plate of the crucible has a thickness of lmm, and the perforated plate 1 is provided with a first hole 6, the first hole 6 has a diameter of 3 mm, the perforation rate of the first hole 6 is 28%, and the arrangement of the first hole 6 on the perforated plate 1 is Regular square arrangement; there are 4 resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the plastic spherical cavity is in the resonant cavity 5, and there are three second holes 6' in the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5, and the second hole 6' is evenly distributed in the sphere On the circumference of a hemispherical surface, the wall thickness of the four resonant cavities 5 is 1 mm; wherein the volume of the two resonant cavities 5 is 3.3 x 10, and the aperture of the second hole 6' above them is 2 ⁇ . perforation was 0.19%; volume of the other two resonance chambers 5 is 8. 3 X 10 3 mm 3, the aperture thereof above second hole 6 'is lmm, the perfor
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of a copper plate, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel, and a closed cavity composed of a side plate 3 made of stainless steel having a depth D of 40 ⁇ , the perforated plate 1 being a square plate having a side length of 80 ,, a thickness of 1 mm, and a first plate on the perforated plate 1
  • the hole 6, the first hole 6 has a diameter of 3 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 28%, and the first hole 6 on the perforated plate 1 is arranged in a regular square arrangement;
  • the closed cavity has four resonant cavities 5, and the resonance
  • the cavity 5 is a plastic cavity, and the cavity wall of each cavity 5 has a second hole 6', and the cavity walls of the four resonators 5 have a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ ; wherein the two resonators 5 are in
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of stainless steel, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 40 ⁇ , and the perforated plate 1 has a side length of 80.
  • the square stainless steel plate has a thickness of 5 inches, and the perforated plate 1 is provided with a first hole 6, the first hole 6 has a diameter of 3 mm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 28%, and the first hole 6 of the perforated plate 1 is arranged.
  • the method is a regular square arrangement; there are four resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the plastic spherical cavity is in the resonant cavity 5, the volume of the resonant cavity 5 is 942 ⁇ 3 , the cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 1 mm; the resonant cavity 5 a porch wall having a second hole 6', a second hole 6' having a diameter d' of 2 ⁇ , a second hole 6' having a perforation rate ⁇ ' of 0.7%; a closed cavity having a partition
  • the four resonant cavities 5 are respectively fixed in the closed cavity.
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of stainless steel, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 50 mm, and the perforated plate 1 is a circle having a diameter of 100 mm.
  • the first hole 6 has a diameter of 1. lmm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 1.9%, and the first hole of the perforated plate 1 is a first hole.
  • the arrangement of 6 is a regular square arrangement; there are four resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the plastic spherical cavity of the resonant cavity 5, and the resonant cavity 5
  • the volume of the cavity is 3.35 X 10
  • the wall thickness of the cavity 5 is 0.4 ⁇
  • the cavity wall of the cavity 5 has 26 second holes 6 '
  • the second hole 6' is evenly distributed among the three spheres of the sphere
  • the aperture d' of the second hole 6' is 0.
  • the perforation rate ⁇ ' of the second hole 6' is 0.1%; the cavity 5 is randomly placed in the closed cavity; each of the first holes 6 on the perforated plate 1 is connected to a stainless steel tube bundle 4, the tube bundle 4 long 8. 5 mm, diameter 1. lmm, the tube bundle 4 is welded to the first hole 6 of the perforated plate 1.
  • the comparison experiment of the middle and low frequency noise elimination mechanism of the composite sound absorbing device with the built-in resonant cavity and the tube bundle perforated plate was completed by the standing wave tube.
  • the mid-low frequency sound absorption coefficient of the composite sound absorbing device of the perforated plate, the tube bundle perforated plate and the built-in resonance cavity was measured, and the function of adding the built-in resonance cavity to the tube bundle perforated plate sound absorbing device was determined.
  • the parameters of other resonant sound absorbing structures used in the measurement are as follows:
  • Perforated plate parameters The holes are arranged in a square, the hole diameter is 1. 7 mm, the center distance between the holes is 7 mm, the plate thickness is 0.7 mm, and the back cavity depth is 50 mm.
  • the tube bundle is welded to the perforated plate.
  • the tube bundle is perforated.
  • the hole is 1. 1mm, the center of the hole is 7 ⁇ , the plate thickness is 0. 7mm, the tube length is 8. 5mm, the diameter is 1. lmm, the tube bundle is welded on the perforated plate. On the hole, the depth of the back cavity is 50 ⁇ .
  • this embodiment produces a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity of the present invention.
  • the device consists of a perforated plate made of stainless steel, a back plate 2 made of stainless steel and a side plate 3 made of stainless steel.
  • the closed cavity has a depth D of 300 mm, and the perforated plate 1 is a circle having a diameter of 100 mm.
  • the first hole 6 has a diameter of 1. lmm, the first hole 6 has a perforation rate of 1.9%, and the first hole of the perforated plate 1 is a first hole.
  • the arrangement of 6 is a regular square arrangement; there are four resonant cavities 5 in the closed cavity, the plastic spherical cavity of the resonant cavity 5, and the resonant cavity 5
  • the volume is 3.35 X 10 , the cavity wall thickness of the resonant cavity 5 is 0.4 ⁇ ; the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 5 has six second holes 6 ', and the second hole 6' is evenly distributed on one hemisphere of the sphere
  • the perforation rate ⁇ ' of the second hole 6' is 0. 023%; the cavity 5 is randomly placed in the closed cavity; the back surface of the perforated plate 1 is covered.
  • a porous sound absorbing material 9 is added, and the porous sound absorbing material 9 is in the closed cavity; the porous sound absorbing material 9 has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ , 5 ⁇ , 30 mm, 100 ⁇ or 200 mm, and the porous sound absorbing material 9 is glass wool, foamed aluminum, foamed plastic, slag wool or fiber cotton.
  • the invention patent adopts a composite sound absorbing device with a built-in resonant cavity to perform sound absorption processing, and fully utilizes the acoustic scattering on the surface of the resonant cavity, the acoustic resistance of the cavity on the resonant cavity, and the coupling resonance between the resonant cavity to absorb the resonance peak and the absorption.
  • the modulation of the sound frequency band has a wider sound absorption band than the conventional perforated plate resonance sound absorption structure, which increases the sound absorption coefficient and enhances the effective absorption of the medium and low frequency noise. This is a compact, economical and practical composite sound absorption device with built-in resonant cavity.

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Description

一种内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合吸声装置，特别涉及一种内置共振腔体的复 合吸声装置。
背景技术
噪声控制工程中应用的吸声材料和吸声结构种类很多，按其吸声 原理大致可分为多孔性吸声材料和共振吸声材料。例如纤维材料和灰 泥材料等都属于多孔性吸声材料， 而薄板共振吸声结构、薄膜共振吸 声结构、 穿孔板共振吸声都属于共振吸声材料。 马大猷于 1975年在 《中国科学》上发表的关于 "微穿孔板吸声结构的理论与设计" 以及 于 2000年在 《声学学报》 发表的关于 "微缝吸声体理论" 的文章， 将共振吸声结构的应用扩展了更广阔的领域。
尽管穿孔板共振吸声结构、微穿孔板吸声结构以及双层微穿孔板 吸声结构较多孔性吸声材料在吸声特性、 流阻、 抗潮湿、 耐腐蚀、 卫 生清洁等方面具有许多优越特点，但是仍无法满足一些噪声控制的实 际需要， 特别是在吸声空间受到严格限制的场合下， 要控制低频噪声 就显得有些力不从心， 因为对于一般共振吸声结构， 要增强其低频声 吸收， 就必须大幅增加空腔深度， 而这在实际工程中往往是无法做到 申请目前检索了 G10K，重点检索了 G10K 1 1/172，找出对比文献： 中国专利 ZL 00100641. X "管束式穿孔板共振吸声装置" 和中国专 利 ZL00264613. 7 "多腔并联旁支型消声器" 。
专利 "管束式穿孔板共振吸声装置"记载的主要特征在于：管束 式穿孔板共振吸声结构由穿孔板和底板、 侧板 （三者组成封闭空腔) 及管束构成。管束为若干与穿孔板小孔直径相同的细长管（可为弯曲 的柔性管束）排列组成， 柔性管束的长度不受穿孔板共振吸声结构腔 深的限制（可设计成长短不一， 以调谐共振频率和改变不同频率下的 吸声系数）， 其管束长度可小于腔深， 亦可远大于腔深。 该结构利用 管腔耦合共振的吸声原理， 增大其吸声系数和声阻， 提高低频吸声效 果。该管束式穿孔板共振吸声结构目前吸声频带局限于中低频， 吸声 频带尚不够宽，管束的长度对于管束式穿孔板共振吸声结构至关重要， 如果管长过短， 对其吸声性能会影响很大， 大幅降低吸声性能， 因此 若想保证较好的吸声性能必须使用较长的管束，后腔深度也会相应增 加， 不利于该装置的推广使用， 且线状的管束设计单一， 不能充分利 用管腔耦合共振的吸声特性以及管束的长度对消耗声能的贡献。
专利 "多腔并联旁支型消声器"记载的主要特征在于：多腔并联 旁支式共振消声器用在汽车内燃机进气系统上，包括进气管和并联设 置的 2-4个共振腔体， 共振腔体置于一壳体内， 各共振腔体通过导管 依次连接进气管上轴向设置的径向通孔，径向通孔及导管的尺寸根据 内燃机进气噪声频谱来匹配设计， 该消声器既能大幅降低进气噪声， 又能提高内燃机功率， 体积较小。
国际声学和噪声控制领域的专家一直在冥思苦想、孜孜以求一种 在有限厚度内具有高效低频吸声特性的宽带吸声结构，来代替或弥补 低频吸收不足的传统吸声结构。为此， 本发明提出了一种将共振腔体 表面声散射、小孔消声和共振腔体耦合共振结合起来的内置共振腔体 的复合吸声装置， 以实现提高吸声系数、 拓宽吸声频带的目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，为克服目前噪声控制采用上述方法中低频吸 声不足的缺陷， 从而提供一种内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置。
本发明所述的一种内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置，该装置包括一 穿有若干第一孔洞的穿孔板、 背板和侧板， 所述的穿孔板、 背板和侧 板组成封闭空腔， 其特征在于， 所述的封闭空腔内， 放置有至少一个 或一个以上共振腔体；所述的共振腔体上分布有至少一个或一个以上 第二孔洞， 其中， 至少有一个第二孔洞与封闭空腔连通； 所述的共振 腔体的体积 V=10匪 3〜 l X 101Qmm3， 腔壁厚度为 0. 05mm〜10mm; 其上的 第二孔洞的孔径 d ' =0. 05〜100匪， 穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 01%〜30%。
所述的共振腔体可以为： 球体、 椭圆体或多面体； 所述的第二孔 洞直接与封闭空腔连通或通过管束与封闭空腔连通；如果所述的共振 腔体为多个时，直接放置在封闭空腔内或分别固定在由若干隔板分割 的封闭空腔内。
作为本发明的一个改进，所述的第一孔洞或第二孔洞可连接管束 的一端， 该管束位于封闭空腔内， 用于增加声阻； 且所述的第二孔洞 上的管束的另一端可连通封闭空腔、连通另一个共振腔上的第二孔洞 或连通穿孔板上的第一孔洞。
所述的管束可以为金属管、 玻璃管、 塑料管或橡胶管； 如果所述 的管束为橡胶管束时， 通过粘接与第一孔洞或第二孔洞连接、在管束 端口安装第一过渡接头与第一孔洞连接或在管束端口安装第二过渡 接头与第二孔洞连接； 如果所述的管束的为金属管束、玻璃管束或塑 料管束时， 通过粘接、 焊接、 螺纹连接、 一次注塑成型与第一孔洞或 第二孔洞连接、在管束端口安装第一过渡接头与第一孔洞连接或在管 束端口安装第二过渡接头与第二孔洞连接。
所述的穿孔板的厚度为 0. 5〜 10匪； 其上的第一孔洞直径 d=0. 1〜5匪， 穿孔率 σ为 0. 1%〜30%， 且排列方式为规则的三角形排 列或正方形排列方式， 或采用非规则排列方式； 封闭空腔的腔深 D=10〜2000mm，该封闭空腔可以为 1个侧面的圆柱形空腔或者多个侧 板的多面体空腔。
作为本发明的又一改进，所述的穿孔板背面可覆加一层多孔性吸 声材料，所述多孔性吸声材料在封闭空腔内；其厚度为 0. lmn！〜 200mm。
上述技术方案中， 所述穿孔板为铁板、 钢板、 铜板、 不锈钢板、 铝板、 塑料板、 玻璃板、 PVC板、 PE板或木板。
上述技术方案中所述的共振腔体的材质为金属腔、玻璃腔、陶瓷 腔、 橡胶腔、 塑料腔或纤维腔； 所述的管束长度 1为 1〜5000匪， 直 径为 0. l〜 100mm。
本发明的内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置， 由一穿有孔洞的穿孔板 和背板、侧板及多个共振腔体构成。共振腔体为放置在封闭空腔内的 小腔体，共振腔体的作用主要是声发散、连通封闭空腔以及增加声阻; 声波到达共振腔体时，推动共振腔体上第二孔洞内的空气柱做往复振 动， 由于粘滞阻尼作用， 部分声能转化为热能消耗掉了， 这样就利用 了亥姆霍兹共鸣器的原理，共振腔体的腔壁上的孔洞为原有的穿孔板 结构增加了声阻， 充分消耗了声能， 强化吸声； 共振腔体的空心设计 又为吸声装置增加了声抗， 同时共振腔体与封闭空腔串联连通， 达到 了多腔耦合共振的目的， 拓宽了吸声频带； 共振腔体和第二孔洞的可 设计成大小不一， 以调谐共振频率和改变不同频率下的吸声系数。本 发明利用共振腔体在封闭空腔内形成声散射，以及利用第二孔洞增加 声阻来消耗声能，还有多腔耦合共振吸声原理对共振吸收峰和吸声频 带的调制特性， 增加声阻和声质量， 有助于提高吸声效果， 拓宽吸声 频带。
本发明的主要技术特点包含： 本发明的 "内置共振腔体的复合吸 声装置"将共振腔体与封闭空腔通过第二孔洞连通，达到腔体间耦合 共振的目的， 拓宽了吸声频带， 另外对共振腔体上的孔洞数量不做限 制， 这样就为整个吸声装置增加了声阻， 且可根据需要调整孔洞数量 和直径等， 以调整声阻的大小， 提高吸声系数； 共振腔体上的管束， 延长了共振腔体上的孔洞的厚度， 不仅有利于增加声阻， 同时用管束 将共振腔体之间连通， 有利于腔体间的耦合共振， 且有利于提高吸声 系数和拓宽吸声频带，并促使吸声频带向低频偏移，有利于低频吸声； 共振腔体与封闭空腔的耦合共振，可看作在同一空腔中实现了双层结 构的消声处理，减小了后腔体积的同时达到了双层吸声结构的消声效 果， 有利于在空间受到严格限制的环境中使用； 为了展宽内置共振腔 体的复合吸声装置的消声频率范围，可以将共振腔体和第二孔洞的设 计成大小形状不一， 其设计灵活， 有利于应用于各种需要进行消声处 理的场合； 共振腔体表面的声散射， 使声波在后腔中能到达每一个共 振腔体， 且推动第二孔洞内的空气柱做往复运动， 充分消耗了声能， 有利于充分利用后腔空间达到吸声的目的。
本发明的优点在于， 在有限的后腔空间中增加了多个共振腔体， 充分利用了声散射、孔洞的声阻消耗声能和多腔耦合共振的吸声原理， 以及腔体和孔洞大小对共振吸收峰和吸声频带的调制特性，从而增大 吸声系数， 增强中、 低频噪声的有效吸收， 同时拓宽了吸声频带。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置示意图，即每个共 振腔体有一个第二孔洞直接与封闭空腔连通；
图 2为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即每个 共振腔体有二十六个第二孔洞与封闭空腔连通；
图 3为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即每个 共振腔体有四个第二孔洞，其中一个第二孔洞通过管束与穿孔板上的 一个第一孔洞连通， 其它的第二孔洞直接与封闭空腔连通；
图 4为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即每个 共振腔体有三个第二孔洞，其中一个第二孔洞通过一根管束与封闭空 腔连通；
图 5为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即每个 共振腔体有两个第二孔洞，每两个共振腔体之间用一根管束将它们连 通， 其他的第二孔洞直接与封闭空腔连通；
图 6 为本发明的安装有第一过渡接头和第二过渡接头的复合吸 声装置示意图；
图 7为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即每个 共振腔体有两个直径不等的第二孔洞；
图 8为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即封闭 空腔中有两种体积不等的共振腔体；
图 9为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图，即封闭 空腔中有椭圆体和立方体的共振腔体；
图 10为本发明的安装有隔板的复合吸声装置示意图；
图 11为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图， 即穿 孔板上的第一孔洞连通有管束；
图 12 为本发明的复合吸声装置另一种实施例结构示意图， 即穿 孔板背面覆加一层多孔性吸声材料；
图 13为驻波管测量的本发明的共振吸声装置和穿孔板的吸声性 能对比图 （腔深 50匪）；
图 14为用驻波管测量的本发明的有不同个数共振腔体的复合吸 声装置的吸声性能对比图 （腔深 100mm) ;
图 15为用驻波管测量的内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置与管束穿 孔板的的中低频吸声性能对比图 （腔深 50匪）。 附图标识：
1、 穿孔板 2、 背? 3、
4、 管束 5、 共振腔 6、 第一孔洞 6 ' 、 第二孔洞 7、 第一过渡接 ^ V 、 第二过
9、 多孔性吸声材料 具体实 式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。 实施例 1
参考图 1， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块不锈钢制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和 不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔的深度 D为 40匪， 该穿孔板 1为边长为 80匪的正方形不锈钢板， 厚度为 5匪， 穿孔板 1 上设有第一孔洞 6，第一孔洞 6直径为 3mm，第一孔洞 6穿孔率为 28%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列；封闭空腔内 有 4个共振腔 5，共振腔 5的为铝球腔，共振腔 5的体积为 1. 4 X 10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 5mm;共振腔 5的腔壁上有 1个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 2匪，第二孔洞 6 ' 的穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 06%; 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。 实施例 2
参考图 2， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块不锈钢制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和 不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔的深度 D为 50mm， 该穿孔板 1为直径为 100mm的圆形不锈钢板， 厚度为 0. 7mm, 穿孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 1. 7mm, 第一孔洞 6穿孔率 为 4. 6%， 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列； 封闭空腔内有 4个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔， 共振腔 5的 体积为 3. 35 X 10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 0. 4匪； 共振腔 5的腔 壁上有 26个第二孔洞 6' ，第二孔洞 6' 均匀分布在球体的三个相互 垂直半球面的圆周上 （每个圆周上有 16个第二孔洞 6' ， 三个圆周 中每两个圆周上有 4个第二孔洞 6' 重叠）， 第二孔洞 6' 的孔径 d' 为 0.5mm, 第二孔洞 6' 的穿孔率 σ' 为 0.1%； 共振腔 5随意放置在 封闭空腔内。
用驻波管完成了内置共振腔的复合吸声装置的中低频消声机理 的实验研究。测量了穿孔板、后腔中放置无孔洞的球体的穿孔板和内 置共振腔的复合吸声装置的中低频吸声系数，确定了多腔耦合有利于 提高吸声系数。 测量中用到的其他共振吸声结构的参数如下：
穿孔板参数： 孔洞以正方形排列， 孔洞直径 1.7mm， 孔洞之间 的中心间距 7mm， 板厚 0.7mm， 后腔深度 50mm;
后腔中放置无孔洞的球体的穿孔板参数： 穿孔板孔洞以正方形 排列， 孔洞直径 1.7匪， 孔洞之间的中心间距 7匪， 板厚 0.7匪; 后 腔中放置 4 个无孔洞的塑料空心球体， 球壁厚度为 0.4匪， 体积为 3.35X10 , 球体随意放置在封闭空腔内， 后腔深度 50匪。
从图 13 可以看出： 穿孔板和后腔中放置无孔洞的球体的穿孔板吸 声装置的吸声系数相似， 最高吸声系数分别在 1000Hz和 1250Hz, 均 不大于 0.35， 吸声效果较差； 内置共振腔的复合吸声装置的共振峰 在 630Hz达到 0.928， 在 500Hz至 1250Hz之间， 吸声系数都达到了 0.5以上， 频带宽度达到 750Hz以上； 可见内置共振腔的复合吸声装 置的吸声效果明显优于另外两种的吸声效果。 实施例 3
参考图 2， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块不锈钢制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和 不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔的深度 D为 100匪， 该穿孔板 1为直径为 100mm的圆形不锈钢板， 厚度为 0.7mm, 穿孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 1.7mm, 第一孔洞 6穿孔率 为 4.6%， 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列； 封闭空腔内分次放入有 9个、 7个、 4个和 1个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5 的为塑料球体腔， 共振腔 5的体积为 3.35X10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁 厚度为 0. 4mm;共振腔 5的腔壁上有 26个第二孔洞 6 ' ，第二孔洞 6 ' 均匀分布在球体的三个相互垂直半球面的圆周上 （每个圆周上有 16 个第二孔洞 6 ' ，三个圆周中每两个圆周上有 4个第二孔洞 6 ' 重叠）， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 0. 5匪，第二孔洞 6 ' 的穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 1%; 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。
实验中选用 4个本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 它们的 封闭空腔中分别放置 9个、 7个、 4个和 1个共振腔， 用驻波管完成 了对它们的中低频消声机理的实验研究，确定了共振腔个数对吸声系 数和频带宽度等的影响。测量中用到的其他共振吸声结构的参数如下: 穿孔板参数： 孔洞以正方形排列， 孔洞直径 1. 7mm， 孔洞之间 的中心间距 7匪， 板厚 0. 7mm， 后腔深度 100mm。
从图 14可以看出：封闭空腔中有 1个共振腔的共振吸声装置的 共振吸声峰在 630Hz , 吸声系数不大于 0. 4， 2000Hz吸声系数为 0. 6 左右； 封闭空腔中有 4 个共振腔的共振吸声装置的共振吸声峰在 630Hz达到了 0. 8以上， 500Hz至 800Hz间吸声系数大于 0. 5， 2000Hz 吸声系数为 0. 8左右；封闭空腔中有 Ί个共振腔的共振吸声装置的共 振吸声峰在 800Hz达到了 0. 95以上， 400Hz至 800Hz间吸声系数大 于 0. 5， 2000Hz吸声系数为 0. 85左右； 封闭空腔中有 9个共振腔的 共振吸声装置的共振吸声峰分别在 500Hz和 800Hz达到了 0. 9以上， 400Hz至 1000Hz间吸声系数大于 0. 5 , 2000Hz吸声系数为 0. 8左右； 可见， 随着封闭空腔中的共振腔的个数的增加， 频带宽度拓宽， 主吸 声频带的共振峰逐渐增大并分为两个，出现类似于双层微穿孔板吸声 结构的特性； 另外在 2000Hz的吸声系数也随共振腔的增多而提高。 实施例 4
参考图 3， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块塑料制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和不 锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔， 该封闭空腔的深度 D为 200匪、 500mm, 1000mm或 2000mm， 该穿孔板 1为 lOOOmm X 1000mm的正方形 板，厚度为 2匪，穿孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6，第一孔洞 6直径为 2匪， 第一孔洞 6穿孔率为 0. 031%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为 规则的正方形排列； 封闭空腔内有 100个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为玻 璃球体腔， 共振腔 5的体积为 2.7X10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 10mm; 共振腔 5的腔壁上有 4个第二孔洞 6' ， 第二孔洞 6' 均匀分 布在球体的一个半球面的圆周上， 第二孔洞 6' 的孔径 d' 为 2mm， 第二孔洞 6' 的穿孔率 σ' 为 0.06%;每个共振腔 5的 4个第二孔洞 6' 中有 3个第二孔洞 6' 与封闭空腔连通， 另一个第二孔洞 6' 连接上 一根管束 4， 管束 4的另一端与穿孔板 1上的第一孔洞 6连通； 管束 4为金属管、 玻璃管或塑料管， 长度 1为 10mm、 50mm或 100mm, 直径 为 2匪； 管束 4与穿孔板 1的连接方式为粘接、 螺纹连接或一次注塑 成型； 共振腔 5与管束 4的相连方式为粘接、 焊接、 螺纹连接或一次 注塑成型。 实施例 5
参考图 4， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块玻璃板、 PVC板、 PE板或木板制作的穿孔板 1、 玻璃制作的背板 2和玻璃制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔 的深度 D为 100mm, 该穿孔板 1为 200mmX 200mm的正方形板， 厚度 为 3匪， 穿孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 1醒， 第一 孔洞 6穿孔率为 0.6%， 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为六边形 排列； 封闭空腔内有 16个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为橡胶球体腔， 共 振腔 5的体积为 3.35X10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 0.8匪； 共振 腔 5的腔壁上有 3个第二孔洞 6' ， 第二孔洞 6' 均匀分布在球体的 一个半球面的圆周上， 第二孔洞 6' 的孔径 d' 为 lmm， 第二孔洞 6' 的穿孔率 σ' 为 0.047%; 每个共振腔 5的第二孔洞 6' 连接上一根管 束 4， 管束 4的另一端与封闭空腔连通； 管束 4为橡胶管， 长度 1为 60mm, 直径为 lmm; 共振腔 5与管束 4的相连方式为粘接或一次注塑 成型； 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。 实施例 6
参考图 5， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块铜板制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和不 锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔， 该封闭空腔的深度 D为 40匪， 该穿孔板 1为边长为 80匪的正方形板， 厚度为 lmm， 穿孔板 1上设 有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 3mm， 第一孔洞 6穿孔率为 28%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列；封闭空腔内 有 4个共振腔 5，共振腔 5的为铜球腔，共振腔 5的体积为 1.4X10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 5匪;共振腔 5的腔壁上有两个第二孔洞 6' ， 第二孔洞 6' 均匀分布在球体的一个半球面的圆周上， 第二孔洞 6' 的孔径 d' 为 5mm，第二孔洞 6' 的穿孔率 σ' 为 1.4%;每两个共振腔 为一组， 每组用管束连通两个共振腔上的两个第二孔洞 6' ， 其他第 二孔洞 6' 连通封闭空腔， 如图 5所示； 管束 4为钢管， 长度 5mm， 直径为 5匪； 管束 4与穿孔板 1的连接方式为粘接、 螺纹连接或一次 注塑成型； 共振腔 5与管束 4的相连方式为焊接或螺纹连接， 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。 实施例 7
参考图 3和图 6， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复 合吸声装置。 该装置由一块塑料制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔， 该封闭空腔的深度 D为 200mm, 该穿孔板 1为 lOOOmmX 1000mm的正方形板， 厚度为 2匪， 穿 孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 2mm， 第一孔洞 6穿孔 率为 0.031%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排 列； 封闭空腔内有 100个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔， 共振 腔 5的体积为 2.7X10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 10匪； 共振腔 5 的腔壁上有两个第二孔洞 6' ， 第二孔洞 6' 均匀分布在球体的一个 半球面的圆周上， 第二孔洞 6' 的孔径 d' 为 2mm， 第二孔洞 6' 的穿 孔率 σ' 为 0.03%;每个共振腔 5的一个第二孔洞 6' 与封闭空腔连通， 另一个第二孔洞 6' 连接上一根管束 4， 管束 4的另一端与穿孔板 1 上的第一孔洞 6连通；管束 4为橡胶管，长度 1为 100mm,直径为 2mm; 管束 4与穿孔板 1的连接方式为通过一个第一过渡接头 Ί安装连接; 共振腔 5与管束 4的相连方式为通过一个第二过渡接头 7' 安装连接。 实施例 8
参考图 7， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块塑料制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和不 锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔， 该封闭空腔的深度 D为 200匪， 该穿孔板 1为 1000匪 X 1000匪的正方形板， 厚度为 2匪， 穿孔板 1 上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 2匪， 第一孔洞 6 穿孔率为 0. 031%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列； 封 闭空腔内有 100个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔， 共振腔 5的 体积为 2. 7 X 105皿3， 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 2匪； 共振腔 5的腔壁上 有两个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 第二孔洞 6 ' 非均匀的分布在球体的一个半球 面的圆周上， 其中一个第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 3匪， 另一个第二 孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 1匪， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 039%; 共 振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。 实施例 9
参考图 8， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块铜板制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和不 锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔， 该封闭空腔的深度 D为 40匪， 该穿孔板 1为边长为 80匪的正方形板， 厚度为 lmm， 穿孔板 1上设 有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 3mm， 第一孔洞 6穿孔率为 28%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列；封闭空腔内 有 4个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔， 共振腔 5的腔壁上有 3 个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 第二孔洞 6 ' 均匀分布在球体的一个半球面的圆周 上， 4个共振腔 5的腔壁厚度均为 1mm; 其中两个共振腔 5的体积为 3. 3 X 10 ,它们上面的第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径为 2匪，穿孔率为 0. 19%； 另外两个共振腔 5的体积为 8. 3 X 103mm3，它们上面的第二孔洞 6 ' 的 孔径为 lmm， 穿孔率为 0. 12%； 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。 实施例 10
参考图 8， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸声 装置。 该装置由一块铜板制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2和不 锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔， 该封闭空腔的深度 D为 40匪， 该穿孔板 1为边长为 80匪的正方形板， 厚度为 lmm， 穿孔板 1上设 有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 3mm， 第一孔洞 6穿孔率为 28%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列；封闭空腔内 有 4个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料腔， 每个共振腔 5的腔壁上有 1 个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 4个共振腔 5的腔壁厚度均为 0. 5匪； 其中两个共 振腔 5是体积为 3. 3 X 104mm3的椭球体，它们上面的第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔 径为 2mm，穿孔率为 0. 063%；另外两个共振腔 5是体积为 6. 4 X 10 立方体， 它们上面的第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径为 2mm， 穿孔率为 0. 03%; 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内。 实施例 11
参考图 10， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸 声装置。 该装置由一块不锈钢制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2 和不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔的深度 D为 40匪， 该穿孔板 1为边长为 80匪的正方形不锈钢板， 厚度为 5匪， 穿孔板 1 上设有第一孔洞 6，第一孔洞 6直径为 3mm，第一孔洞 6穿孔率为 28%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列；封闭空腔内 有 4个共振腔 5，共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔，共振腔 5的体积为 942匪3， 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 1mm;共振腔 5的腔壁上有 1个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 2匪， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 7%; 封闭空腔内安装有隔板， 将 4个共振腔 5分别固定在封闭空腔内。 实施例 12
参考图 11， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸 声装置。 该装置由一块不锈钢制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2 和不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔的深度 D为 50mm， 该穿孔板 1为直径为 100mm的圆形不锈钢板， 厚度为 0. 7mm, 穿孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 1. lmm, 第一孔洞 6穿孔率 为 1. 9%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列； 封闭空腔内有 4个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔， 共振腔 5的 体积为 3. 35 X 10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 0. 4匪； 共振腔 5的腔 壁上有 26个第二孔洞 6 ' ，第二孔洞 6 ' 均匀分布在球体的三个相互 垂直半球面的圆周上 （每个圆周上有 16个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 三个圆周 中每两个圆周上有 4个第二孔洞 6 ' 重叠）， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 0. 5mm, 第二孔洞 6 ' 的穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 1%； 共振腔 5随意放置在 封闭空腔内； 穿孔板 1上的每个第一孔洞 6连通一根不锈钢管束 4， 管束 4长 8. 5mm, 直径为 1. lmm, 管束 4是焊接在穿孔板 1的第一孔 洞 6上。
用驻波管完成了内置共振腔的复合吸声装置与管束穿孔板的的 中低频消声机理对比实验研究。测量了穿孔板、管束穿孔板和内置共 振腔的复合吸声装置的中低频吸声系数，确定了在管束穿孔板吸声装 置中加上内置共振腔的作用。测量中用到的其他共振吸声结构的参数 如下：
穿孔板参数： 孔洞以正方形排列， 孔洞直径 1. 7mm， 孔洞之间的 中心间距 7mm， 板厚 0. 7mm， 后腔深度 50mm。
管束穿孔板： 穿孔板孔洞以正方形排列， 孔洞直径 1. 1mm, 孔洞 之间的中心间距 7匪， 板厚 0. 7mm， 管束长 8. 5mm， 直径为 1. lmm, 管 束是焊接在穿孔板的孔洞上， 后腔深度 50匪。
从图 15可以看出： 管束穿孔板与内置共振腔的复合吸声装置的 主共振频带相比于穿孔板向低频偏移，且平均吸声系数均高于穿孔板; 内置共振腔的复合吸声装置的共振峰明显高于管束穿孔板吸声装置， 且频带比管束穿孔板宽。 实施例 13
参考图 12， 本实施例制作了一种本发明的内置共振腔的复合吸 声装置。 该装置由一块不锈钢制作的穿孔板 1、 不锈钢制作的背板 2 和不锈钢制作的侧板 3组成的封闭空腔，该封闭空腔的深度 D为 300mm， 该穿孔板 1为直径为 100mm的圆形不锈钢板， 厚度为 0. 8mm, 穿孔板 1上设有第一孔洞 6， 第一孔洞 6直径为 1. lmm, 第一孔洞 6穿孔率 为 1. 9%, 穿孔板 1上第一孔洞 6的排列方式为规则的正方形排列； 封闭空腔内有 4个共振腔 5， 共振腔 5的为塑料球体腔， 共振腔 5的 体积为 3. 35 X 10 , 共振腔 5的腔壁厚度为 0. 4匪； 共振腔 5的腔 壁上有 6个第二孔洞 6 ' ， 第二孔洞 6 ' 均匀分布在球体的一个半球 面的圆周上， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的孔径 d ' 为 0. 5mm， 第二孔洞 6 ' 的穿孔 率 σ ' 为 0. 023%; 共振腔 5随意放置在封闭空腔内； 穿孔板 1背面覆 加一层多孔性吸声材料 9， 多孔性吸声材料 9在封闭空腔内； 多孔性 吸声材料 9厚度为 0. 5匪、 5匪、 30mm、 100匪或 200mm， 多孔性吸声 材料 9为玻璃棉、 泡沬铝、 泡沬塑料、 矿渣棉或纤维棉。
总之， 本发明专利通过内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 进行吸声处 理， 充分利用共振腔表面的声散射、共振腔上的孔洞的声阻和共振腔 间耦合共振等对共振吸收峰和吸声频带的调制，其吸声频带比传统穿 孔板共振吸声结构宽，增大了吸声系数，增强中低频噪声的有效吸收。 这是一种结构紧凑、经济实用的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置。从实施 例的用驻波管完成的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置的消声机理实验研 究可以对比看出，内置共振腔的复合吸声装置的吸声效果明显优于穿 孔板共振吸声装置， 随着封闭空腔中的共振腔的个数的增加， 频带宽 度拓宽， 主吸声频带的共振峰逐渐增大并分为两个， 出现类似于双层 微穿孔板吸声结构的特性。共振腔的多少以及共振腔上的孔洞的多少 对于内置共振腔的复合吸声装置至关重要， 如果共振腔过少， 对其吸 声性能会影响很大， 会降低吸声性能。
最后所应说明的是， 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技 术方案而非限制。 尽管参照实施例对本发明进行了详细说明， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解， 对本发明的技术方案进行 修改或者等同替换， 都不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种内置共振腔体的复合吸声装置， 该装置包括一穿有若干 第一孔洞的穿孔板、 背板和侧板， 所述的穿孔板、 背板和侧板组成封 闭空腔， 其特征在于， 所述的封闭空腔内， 放置有至少一个或一个以 上共振腔体；所述的共振腔体上分布有至少一个或一个以上第二孔洞， 其中， 至少有一个第二孔洞与封闭空腔连通； 所述的共振腔体的体积
Figure imgf000017_0001
l X lCTmm3 , 腔壁厚度为 0. 05mm〜10mm;其上的第二孔洞的孔径 d ' =0. 05〜100mm，穿孔率 σ ' 为 0. 01%〜30%。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的共振腔体为多个， 直接放置在封闭空腔内或分别固定在 由若干隔板分割的封闭空腔内。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的共振腔体可以为： 球体、 椭圆体或多面体。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的第二孔洞直接与封闭空腔连通。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的第二孔洞通过管束与封闭空腔连通。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的第一孔洞或第二孔洞可连接管束的一端， 该管束位于封 闭空腔内， 用于增加声阻。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的第二孔洞上的管束的另一端可连通封闭空腔、连通另一 个共振腔上的第二孔洞或连通穿孔板上的第一孔洞。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的管束可以为金属管、 玻璃管、 塑料管或橡胶管， 其长度 为 l〜5000mm， 直径为 0. 1〜 100mm; 所述的管束为橡胶管束时，通过粘接与第一孔洞或第二孔洞连接、 在管束端口安装第一过渡接头与第一孔洞连接或在管束端口安装第 二过渡接头与第二孔洞连接； 所述的管束的为金属管束、 玻璃管束或塑料管束时， 通过粘接、 焊接、 螺纹连接、一次注塑成型与第一孔洞或第二孔洞连接、 在管束 端口安装第一过渡接头与第一孔洞连接或在管束端口安装第二过渡 接头与第二孔洞连接。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的穿孔板的厚度为 0. 5〜 10匪； 其上的第一孔洞直径 d=0. l〜5mm，穿孔率 σ为 0. 1%〜30%；封闭空腔的腔深 D=10〜2000mm， 封闭空腔为由 1 个侧板组成的圆柱形空腔或者由多个侧板组成的多 面体空腔； 所述的穿孔板上的第一孔洞的排列方式为规则的三角形排列或 正方形排列方式， 或采用非规则排列方式。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的内置共振腔的复合吸声装置， 其特征 在于， 所述的穿孔板背面可覆加一层多孔性吸声材料， 所述多孔性吸 声材料在封闭空腔内； 其厚度为 0. lmn！〜 200mm。
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CN109243421A (zh) * 2018-11-08 2019-01-18 南京光声超构材料研究院有限公司 一种用于吸声降噪的低频吸声结构
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