WO2011085426A1 - Verfahren und system zum erfassen der position eines fahrzeuges - Google Patents
Verfahren und system zum erfassen der position eines fahrzeuges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011085426A1 WO2011085426A1 PCT/AT2011/000030 AT2011000030W WO2011085426A1 WO 2011085426 A1 WO2011085426 A1 WO 2011085426A1 AT 2011000030 W AT2011000030 W AT 2011000030W WO 2011085426 A1 WO2011085426 A1 WO 2011085426A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- reference features
- absolute position
- stationary
- digital
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/005—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 with correlation of navigation data from several sources, e.g. map or contour matching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0268—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
- G05D1/0274—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a system for detecting the position of a vehicle in a defined area.
- the detection of the current position of a vehicle in a defined range is of great importance in a wide variety of applications. For example, determining the position of industrial trucks (e.g., forklifts) in the field of warehouse logistics (management of, e.g., manufacturing, distribution warehouses) is of great importance, as it provides e.g. an optimization of logistics processes and an automatic batch tracking of goods is made possible.
- a variety of methods and devices are known, it is particularly known to detect an absolute reference position of the vehicle as well as the relative movement of the vehicle and thus to determine the current position of the vehicle using a dead reckoning system.
- a method for determining the position of a transport vehicle within an effective range is known in the movable, transported by the transport vehicle first objects (transport units, lattice boxes, crates or the like.) And stationary second objects (eg. Walls, buttresses) available are.
- the effective range is stored in the form of a digital map containing the positions of the objects.
- the LADAR scans an outline of the environment and thereby detects the stored goods in the immediate vicinity, after which the result of this scan is compared with the digital map stored in a central computer; Based on this comparison, the on-board computer or the central computer can determine a position of the forklift within the effective range.
- the LADAR also records the distance between the forklift and the known objects to create an image of the surroundings of the forklift truck. From the measured values determined, the position of the forklift is compared with the data of the digital map determined by trigonometric calculations and procedures. In order to improve the position determination, data from movable third objects can also be stored in the digital map, which are acquired during the sampling and used to update the data.
- These third objects may include other transport vehicles and / or unknown obstacles.
- the objects used for position detection must have a measurable contour in order to enable a position determination via the laser scanning. Therefore, the same objects (eg buttresses, Euro pallets, etc.) can not be clearly identified.
- the well-known position determination by laser radar scanning encounters its limits, especially when the environment is similar or the distances prevent scanning or restrict (eg in the case of an empty warehouse with buttresses, empty storage bins or warehouses with stored goods, which a have identical structure, or in the outdoor area).
- a system for tracking goods is known, with a fixed base system and mobile systems that are connected to vehicles.
- the mobile system has an identification sensor for detecting objects with a coding.
- the monitored room is also equipped with individually different position markings which are arranged in the ceiling area.
- the vehicle has an optical position sensor unit with an upward-facing camera that takes pictures of the surroundings to detect position marks in the field of view and to determine their identity. The position of the position markers in the captured image is used to detect position and angle ⁇ orientation of the vehicle. When a position marker is detected, the data in the memory of a mo- updated bilen computer system of the vehicle.
- this system has the disadvantage that no position determination is possible if no marker in the field of view of the camera, ie there is no other system that can perform a position determination.
- a marker must be in the field of vision.
- a position survey is required everywhere and at any time in order to track the parking of goods in unintended storage locations. This in turn means that the bearing has to be equipped with a large number of markers, which leads to a very great effort, especially in large camps.
- the known system is disadvantageously limited to the interior due to the attachment of markers on the ceiling.
- a navigation system of driverless vehicles in particular of transport systems in halls, known, which by means of a moving with the vehicle imaging sensor high-contrast objects in the environment, especially ceiling lights record. From the location of these ceiling lights then position and angle of the vehicle are determined. By using the high-contrast ceiling lights for the detection of an absolute reference position, the costs of the navigation system should be kept low.
- a follower wheel is provided for detecting the relative movement of the driverless vehicle, which is connected via a vertical axis and about this rotatably connected to the vehicle. From the angle of rotation of the wheel about its axis and from the angle of rotation of the horizontal offset about the vertical axis, the position of the vehicle is thus to be determined via dead reckoning. In practice, however, such trailing wheels have proved to be extremely inaccurate (in particular due to problems with slippage and drift).
- WO 01/13192 AI further a method and a device for detecting the position of a vehicle is known, in which on the ceiling of a warehouse previously reflective markings must be attached, which can be detected by the vehicle when driving under a marker, so that thereby a reference position can be detected and stored at this time.
- a wheel encoder is provided which detects the distance traveled by the vehicle at intervals; Furthermore, the angle of rotation of the vehicle is detected by means of a gyroscope. The current position of the vehicle can then be determined by means of dead reckoning from the reference position and the relative distance determined by means of vector addition.
- EP 1 916 504 A2 proposes to acquire digital image data of a reference surface of successive discrete frames, then to divide the first of two consecutive frames into a plurality of macroblocks around these macroblocks following in the second frame to be determined, wherein the relative displacement of the vehicle can be determined depending on the displacement vectors of the positions of the macroblocks.
- the measurement inaccuracies that occur when determining the relative movement by means of a wheel encoder and a gyroscope can be eliminated. Due to the necessary ground-mounting of the camera pollution of the camera optics is given to a high degree, which can lead to a high degree of inaccuracy or a failure of the detection of the relative movement.
- EP 1 916 504 the very complex and expensive installation of reflective markings in the ceiling area is still required to detect the absolute reference position.
- a similar method or a similar device for detecting a reference position of a vehicle in a warehouse is further known from US 2007/10143006 AI. Here who the attached a variety of transponders on the hall floor, with the help then a reference position of the vehicle to be determined. Again, this is a technically complex system with a large number of sensors that cause extremely high installation and investment costs, especially in area-large defined areas.
- the method and the system should be used both indoors and outdoors.
- this is achieved by a method in which a digital map of the defined area having a defined coordinate system is created, wherein the digital map contains stationary reference features with a unique identification feature, before at least a portion of the defined area, preferably the entire defined area, digital images are recorded for detecting and detecting further reference features, wherein also stationary and / or temporary reference features are detected and detected without unique identification feature and the digital map and / or an associated buffer are added, so that subsequently the absolute position of a vehicle in the defined range can be determined by taking a digital image of part of the defined area from the vehicle and detecting and optionally identifying reference features in the digital image The absolute position determination takes place on the basis of the detected and optionally identified stationary and / or temporary reference features.
- the inventive method thus has two temporal sections.
- reference features in the defined environment are first recognized and the position of these reference features is detected on the basis of reference features already known prior to the start of the method and their coordinates are stored in the digital map or a buffer.
- the absolute position of the vehicle ie the coordinate pair x, y or the orientation of the vehicle in the defined environment
- the absolute position of the vehicle is then determined on the basis of the stationary reference features and any temporary reference features.
- a relative position determination ie a pure change in position, is thus not necessary and it can be advantageously carried out continuously. Hend a based on absolute, ie global, coordinate values position determination can be performed.
- Type 1 Stationary reference features with a fixed design, a unique identifier and a variable size.
- Examples are floor, wall or pole markings (e.g., storage bin or yardage markings) or signage.
- the size of these objects may vary depending on the environmental conditions.
- Tags at storage locations may e.g. 40 x 30 cm in size
- markings in storage aisles are associated with e.g. 80 x 60 cm slightly larger
- signs on walls or masts can e.g. also be 200 x 150 cm tall.
- Type 2 Stationary reference features with a fixed design, no unique identifier and variable size.
- any stationary high-contrast objects in the defined environment eg fire extinguisher, Re ⁇ gale, poles, etc.
- Another example would be a right win ⁇ angle, which results in two marking lines on the ground, which are approximately 90 degrees to each other.
- Type 3 Stationary reference features with no fixed design, unique identifier, and variable size.
- These reference features are all contrastive features of any size and shape (e.g., edges of goods or labels, soil, vehicles, etc.) that are mostly stationary for a certain period of time in one place. These do not have their own unique identifier (e.g., in the form of a character combination).
- the digital map of the defined area (e.g., warehouse) has a defined (global) coordinate system, includes the reference features and their characteristics (e.g., coordinates, identification, etc.), and may be used for electronic data processing.
- a defined (global) coordinate system includes the reference features and their characteristics (e.g., coordinates, identification, etc.), and may be used for electronic data processing.
- the digital storage card may include other specific characteristics of the defined environment (e.g., global coordinates and dimensions of storage locations, etc.).
- the parking of an identification feature having goods in the defined area the coordinates of the goods, preferably the vertices of the goods, be added to the cache.
- the means of the identification feature ie in particular a barcode and / or a plain text, eg EAN 128, uniquely identifiable goods whose coordinates are known, can also be used for the absolute position determination of the vehicle and thus the position determination can be made even more robust and accurate, Especially in those places where a high accuracy is required, it is' favorable, if upon detection of an identification feature of a product and at least one corner of the goods by means of the coordinates contained in the cache an absolute position determination of the vehicle takes place. In addition, a plausibility check of the item can be carried out by using the goods information.
- the system of the initially cited kind is characterized in that a memory is provided for storing a digital map having a defined coordinate system of the defined area, the digital map containing stationary reference features with a unique identification feature, and an imaging sensor device for detecting and detecting further stationary and / or temporary reference features is provided without a unique identification feature associated with the digital map and / or an associated cache, wherein the imaging sensor device also for detecting a digital image of a portion of the defined area and for detection and optionally identification of in the digital Image provided reference features is provided so that an absolute position determination of a with the imaging sensor device ver seen vehicle based on the detected and optionally identified stationary and / or temporary reference features.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a floor vehicle with an imaging sensor device.
- FIG. 2 shows a further perspective view of the floor vehicle according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a bearing having a plurality of storage locations with different reference features
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a product in the warehouse
- FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of both steps of a method for detecting the position of the vehicle
- FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a method section for the detection and measurement of reference features
- FIG. 8 shows a flow chart of the absolute position determination by means of a continuous tracking of temporary reference features without a fixed design and without a clear identification. fication feature.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a vehicle 1 whose position is defined in a defined area 3 shown in FIG. a warehouse, to be determined. It can be seen that the vehicle 1 several imaging
- Sensor devices preferably digital cameras 2 has.
- the attachment to the vehicle 1 is such that the detected by the digital camera 2 field of view is directed towards the rear of the vehicle 1. This is advantageous because in corridor vehicles often a restricted field of view in the direction of the front of the vehicle 1 occurs in the transport of goods.
- the attachment can be made such that the field of view of the cameras 2 is directed both rear direction and front, with the cameras 2 of course, the lateral environment of the vehicle. 1 is detected.
- the cameras 2 may have a different resolution and frame rate depending on the infrastructural conditions of the environment (e.g., size of the bins, size of the reference marks, size of the labels for merchandising, etc.). It is conceivable to use a digital camera 2 of the type Grainy Research GRAS-20S4M-C BW Grasshopper with a resolution of 1624 x 1224 pixels and a frame rate of up to 30 fps (frames per second).
- the digital cameras 2 are equipped for industrial use and are connected either wirelessly (with replaceable battery and wireless data transmission) or wired to a computer unit (industrial PC) inside the vehicle.
- the processing unit processes the image data supplied by the digital cameras 2.
- the defined area 3 which is designed as a storage space, can be seen.
- two different types of reference features of type 1 (T1) and type 2 (T2) are shown.
- Reference features T1 are stationary reference features a fixed design, a unique identification ⁇ feature and a variable size.
- Examples are floor, wall or pole markings (e.g., storage or yardage markings) or signage.
- the size of these objects may vary depending on the environmental conditions.
- Tags at storage locations may e.g. 40 x 30 cm in size
- markings in storage aisles are associated with e.g. 80 x 60 cm slightly larger
- signs on walls or masts can e.g. also be 200 x 150 cm tall.
- Stationary reference features T2 are those with a fixed design, no unique identifier, and variable size. These reference features T2 may be any stationary high-contrast objects in the defined environment (e.g., fire extinguishers, racks, masts, etc.). Another example would be a right angle, which results from two marking lines on the ground, which are approximately 90 degrees to each other (see Fig. 3: A18 / 2 corner point of a storage area). These reference features T2 do not have their own unique identification feature (e.g., in the form of a character combination).
- Stationary reference features T3 are those with no fixed design, ID, and variable size. These reference features T3 are all high-contrast features of any size and shape (e.g., edges of goods or labels, soil soils, vehicles, etc.) that are mostly stationary in place for only a certain period of time. These do not have their own unique identifier (e.g., in the form of a character combination).
- the digital map of the defined area 3 or the defined environment has a defined (global) coordinate system, includes the reference features Tl, T2, T3 and their properties (eg coordinates, identification feature, etc.) and can be used for electronic data processing.
- the digital storage card can contain further specific properties of the defined environment (eg global coordinates and dimensions of storage bins, etc.).
- a schematic example of a product 4 is ge shows ⁇ , in particular the corners 5 of the goods 4 used as a temporary reference features for the purpose of absolute position determination.
- the goods 4 may have a goods label 6, which in turn may have a unique identification feature, such as a bar code or a clear identification number, eg EAN 128.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention, which comprises a total of 18 method steps.
- reference is made in total to four different types of reference features, which are defined as follows:
- A is a reference feature of type 1 and initially, that is stored before 'start of the method, already with its properties (-measured coordinates, a unique identifier) in the digital map
- V is a reference feature of type 1 or type 2, which is stored by the method with its properties (measured coordinates, unique identification feature) in the digital map and initial, i. before the start of the procedure in the digital map, is not stored
- R is a reference feature of type 1, type 2 or type 3, which is not stored in the digital map
- Z is a reference feature of type 1, type 2 or type 3, which is temporarily stored in the digital map
- the individual method steps 1a-18a can be summarized as follows. la - taking at least one digital image at a time t.
- Method steps 7a to 9a thus represent an absolute position determination by means of marker tracking.
- the position is determined by camera position at time t and a previous time t-1.
- Method steps 15a and 16a thus represent a further absolute position determination by means of the goods labels.
- FIG. 6 shows in detail a method section for detecting and measuring reference features in the defined area 3.
- the digital storage card of the defined environment is created in a simple, effortless and cost-saving manner.
- This digital map serves as a basic database for the described method of continuously detecting the position of vehicles 1.
- a vehicle or vehicles carries out (s) journeys in the defined environment in the form that all relevant areas of the defined environment are captured by means of digital images.
- 2b detection means the detection (but not the unique identification) of all type A, V and R RMs using image processing algorithms.
- RMs in the digital map. At least two digital images with different viewing angles (sufficiently large parallax) are necessary for determining the position of an RM of the type R (query for intermediate storage of the RM of type R, ie RM was already recognized in a preceding image).
- identification means the unique recognition of the characteristics (identification feature) of RMs of type A, V and R by means of image processing algorithms.
- a storage of the RM type R in the digital map occurs only under the condition of meeting minimum conditions (e.g., sufficiently large parallax for two different images with different angles of view) at the absolute position calculated in 11.
- FIG. 7 shows in detail a method section for absolute position determination by means of the continuous tracking of type 1 and 2 reference features.
- the ROI (Region of interest) represents the section of the digital image in which the reference feature is located.
- the ROI is first initialized upon identification of a Type A or Type V RM, and only reinitialized at a later time when needed (e.g., too great a distance between the current global and that camera position on initial initialization of the ROI).
- the image section and the initial transformation of this image section are stored, which is calculated in relation to the current image.
- the ROI is projected by transformation (e.g., homography, ...) from the image at the previous time t-1 into the image at the subsequent time. From the image difference, the transformation change (and thus the position change) is recalculated using optimization methods.
- transformation e.g., homography,
- the method steps can be described as follows: lc - Recording of digital images by digital cameras installed on the vehicle (s) in a defined environment.
- 3c - detection means to detect (but not the eindeu ⁇ term identification) processing algorithms all RMs of type A and type V by means of image ⁇ .
- identification means the unique recognition of the characteristics (identification feature) of type A and type V RMs using image processing algorithms.
- 9c - transformation calculation i. the search for the relationship between the cached ROI and the RM in a temporally subsequent digital image.
- An identification of the reference feature is thus advantageously only once necessary and by a much more robust and also allows for longer distances feasible position determination.
- a position determination against contamination in the defined area 3 is insensitive.
- FIG. 8 shows in detail the absolute position determination by means of the continuous tracking of reference features of type 3: Id - acquisition of digital images by digital cameras installed on vehicle (s). A vehicle or vehicles carries out (s) journeys in the defined environment in the form that all relevant areas of the defined environment are captured by means of digital images.
- 2d - detection means the detection (but not the unique identification) of all type A, V, R and Z RMs using image processing algorithms.
- identification means the unique recognition of the characteristics (identification feature) of RMs of the type A, V, Z and R by means of image processing algorithms. 7d - Only if there is at least one RM of the type A, V or Z in this picture and this has been uniquely identified, an absolute position calculation can be carried out, otherwise the temporally following picture must be analyzed.
- a position determination using the RMs of the type R is carried out only under the condition of the fulfillment of minimum conditions (eg sufficiently large parallax for two different images with different viewing angles) 17d -
- minimum conditions eg sufficiently large parallax for two different images with different viewing angles
- 17d - By means of image processing algorithms, a global position is calculated by means of camera position (determined under point 12) at time t and t-1 for each and the same type R RM.
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- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/521,295 US9417071B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Method and system for sensing the position of a vehicle |
| CA2786407A CA2786407C (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Method and system for sensing the position of a vehicle |
| EP11703119.5A EP2526378B1 (de) | 2010-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Verfahren und system zum erfassen der position eines fahrzeuges |
| BR112012017519-0A BR112012017519A2 (pt) | 2010-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | processo e sistema para a detecção da posição de um veículo |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA60/2010 | 2010-01-18 | ||
| AT0006010A AT509438A1 (de) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-01-18 | Verfahren und system zum erfassen der position eines fahrzeuges in einem definierten bereich |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011085426A1 true WO2011085426A1 (de) | 2011-07-21 |
Family
ID=43836756
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT2011/000030 Ceased WO2011085426A1 (de) | 2010-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Verfahren und system zum erfassen der position eines fahrzeuges |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9417071B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2526378B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT509438A1 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112012017519A2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2786407C (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011085426A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2711880A1 (de) | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-26 | KNAPP Systemintegration GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kommissionierung von Waren in einem Warenlager |
| US9056754B2 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2015-06-16 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for using pre-positioned objects to localize an industrial vehicle |
| US9188982B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2015-11-17 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for efficient scheduling for multiple automated non-holonomic vehicles using a coordinated path planner |
| US9206023B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2015-12-08 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for using unique landmarks to locate industrial vehicles at start-up |
| CN110780665A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 车辆无人驾驶控制方法及装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2010124265A (ru) * | 2010-06-16 | 2011-12-27 | Алексей Владиславович Жданов (RU) | Способ и устройство определения направления начала движения |
| US20130054129A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-28 | INRO Technologies Limited | Method and apparatus for using unique landmarks to locate industrial vehicles at start-up |
| KR20130084720A (ko) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-26 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 영상 처리 장치 및 방법 |
| US9600999B2 (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-03-21 | Universal City Studios Llc | Amusement park element tracking system |
| WO2015199554A2 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | Crown Equipment Limited | Vehicle positioning or navigation utilizing associated feature pairs |
| US9632504B1 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2017-04-25 | X Development Llc | Robotic navigation based on building surface contours |
| EP4283563A3 (de) * | 2016-06-27 | 2024-05-29 | Mobileye Vision Technologies Ltd. | Steuerung eines hostfahrzeugs basierend auf erfassten geparkten fahrzeugeigenschaften |
| US10346797B2 (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-07-09 | Cybernet Systems, Inc. | Path and load localization and operations supporting automated warehousing using robotic forklifts or other material handling vehicles |
| US10353395B2 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2019-07-16 | X Development Llc | Identification information for warehouse navigation |
| US10377375B2 (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2019-08-13 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Autonomous vehicle: modular architecture |
| US10599150B2 (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2020-03-24 | The Charles Stark Kraper Laboratory, Inc. | Autonomous vehicle: object-level fusion |
| US11383679B2 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2022-07-12 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Method for maintenance of a vehicle |
| DE102019102280A1 (de) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-07-30 | Connaught Electronics Ltd. | Ein Verfahren und ein System zum Bestimmen einer Position einer Vorrichtung in einem abgeschlossenen Raum |
| US11402239B2 (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-08-02 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Magnetic-based tracking system |
| DE102019128253B4 (de) * | 2019-10-18 | 2024-06-06 | StreetScooter GmbH | Verfahren zum Navigieren eines Flurförderzeugs |
| MX2022002668A (es) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-09-05 | Raymond Corp | Sistemas y métodos de asistencia para un vehículo de manipulación de materiales. |
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2010
- 2010-01-18 AT AT0006010A patent/AT509438A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-01-18 WO PCT/AT2011/000030 patent/WO2011085426A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-18 BR BR112012017519-0A patent/BR112012017519A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-01-18 US US13/521,295 patent/US9417071B2/en active Active
- 2011-01-18 CA CA2786407A patent/CA2786407C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-18 EP EP11703119.5A patent/EP2526378B1/de not_active Not-in-force
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9188982B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2015-11-17 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for efficient scheduling for multiple automated non-holonomic vehicles using a coordinated path planner |
| US9958873B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2018-05-01 | Crown Equipment Corporation | System for efficient scheduling for multiple automated non-holonomic vehicles using a coordinated path planner |
| US9206023B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2015-12-08 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for using unique landmarks to locate industrial vehicles at start-up |
| US9580285B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2017-02-28 | Crown Equipment Corporation | Method and apparatus for using unique landmarks to locate industrial vehicles at start-up |
| US10611613B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2020-04-07 | Crown Equipment Corporation | Systems and methods for pose development using retrieved position of a pallet or product load to be picked up |
| US9056754B2 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2015-06-16 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for using pre-positioned objects to localize an industrial vehicle |
| EP2711880A1 (de) | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-26 | KNAPP Systemintegration GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kommissionierung von Waren in einem Warenlager |
| CN110780665A (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-02-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 车辆无人驾驶控制方法及装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112012017519A2 (pt) | 2020-08-25 |
| CA2786407C (en) | 2018-01-02 |
| EP2526378A1 (de) | 2012-11-28 |
| AT509438A1 (de) | 2011-08-15 |
| US9417071B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 |
| US20120287280A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
| CA2786407A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
| EP2526378B1 (de) | 2017-09-13 |
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