WO2011095403A1 - Procede d'ecriture d'image dans un afficheur a cristal liquide - Google Patents
Procede d'ecriture d'image dans un afficheur a cristal liquide Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011095403A1 WO2011095403A1 PCT/EP2011/050814 EP2011050814W WO2011095403A1 WO 2011095403 A1 WO2011095403 A1 WO 2011095403A1 EP 2011050814 W EP2011050814 W EP 2011050814W WO 2011095403 A1 WO2011095403 A1 WO 2011095403A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D3/00—Lasts
- A43D3/14—Stretching or spreading lasts; Boot-trees; Fillers; Devices for maintaining the shape of the shoe
- A43D3/1425—Devices for sole stretching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3614—Control of polarity reversal in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
- G09G3/3655—Details of drivers for counter electrodes, e.g. common electrodes for pixel capacitors or supplementary storage capacitors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0235—Field-sequential colour display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
- G09G2310/0245—Clearing or presetting the whole screen independently of waveforms, e.g. on power-on
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/061—Details of flat display driving waveforms for resetting or blanking
- G09G2310/063—Waveforms for resetting the whole screen at once
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0238—Improving the black level
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3674—Details of drivers for scan electrodes
- G09G3/3677—Details of drivers for scan electrodes suitable for active matrices only
Definitions
- the invention relates to the display of sequential color images by an active matrix liquid crystal display. It applies more particularly to small screens, made for example on silicon substrates (LCOS technology "Liquid Crystal on Silicon”).
- An active matrix display comprises a matrix of rows and columns of pixels, each pixel comprising a liquid crystal between a pixel electrode and a counter electrode common to all the pixels.
- the voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the common electrode produces an electric field that directs the molecules of the liquid crystal according to the modulus of the field. This orientation acts on the polarization of the light that passes through the crystal so as to define, in combination with the use of polarizers, a light transmission level that depends on the applied electric field.
- a control transistor (the active element of the pixel) connects the pixel electrode of all the pixels of the same column to a respective column conductor.
- the column conductor receives at one time an analog voltage defining a gray level to be applied to the pixel; if the transistor is conductive, this voltage is applied to the pixel electrode; otherwise, the pixel behaves as an isolated capacitance and retains the previously received voltage level.
- the control transistors of the same pixel line are controlled by a respective line conductor; thus, during the writing of an image frame, the different lines of the matrix are successively addressed to write at a given instant in the pixels of the addressed line the information applied at this instant by the column conductors.
- FIG. 1 represents the general structure of such a matrix, where CL designates a liquid crystal cell and Q denotes the transistor associated with this cell, the assembly of the cell and the transistor forming the pixel.
- the common counter-electrode of the cell is designated CE
- the pixel electrode is designated by Ep.
- the line drivers are designated Li at L n for a matrix of n lines.
- Drivers of column are Ci to C m for a matrix of m columns.
- a line decoder DEC successively addresses the different lines.
- a digital-to-analog conversion circuit DAC applies to the column conductors during the addressing of a line a set of analog voltages representing the image to be displayed by this line. The conversion circuit establishes these analog voltages from a digital signal.
- a sequencing circuit SEQ provides synchronized operation of the line decoder and the conversion circuit DAC.
- the average electric field applied to the liquid crystal cells is zero; if it were not the case the liquid crystal would gradually polarize according to this field, which would end up being seen on the display in the form of defects (so-called screen marking defects).
- screen marking defects defects
- a frame inversion that is to say an alternation of field directions at each frame because the transverse fields between pixels disturb a non-negligible fraction of the pixel surface.
- the alternation by frames preserves in part the pixels by preventing the appearance of important transverse fields.
- the polarity is positive on the Ep electrodes, for example between 0 volts and +6 volts; in odd fields, the polarity is negative, for example between 0 volts and -6 volts;
- the disadvantage of the first method is the need to have analog circuits (and especially the DAC conversion circuit) capable of working between positive and negative power levels. Technologically this makes the circuits more complex; this is not the case for the second method.
- the second method of switching from frame to frame the potential applied to the counter electrode between a low value and a high value is therefore preferred.
- the switching must be done during the time interval between two successive frames: it can not be done during the writing of the lines. But when there is no line writing, the control transistors that connect the pixel electrodes to the column conductors are all blocked.
- the abrupt switching of the counter-electrode causes, by capacitive transmission, a voltage variation of the same amplitude and of the same sign on the drain of the transistor and, during the next frame, the transistor will have between the drain and the source a double voltage the one he should have in view of the analog signal representing the information to be displayed.
- the counter-electrode CE is at a low potential (0 volts), a null potential is present on the column conductor (connected to the drain of the transistor) just before switching, and a potential +6 volts is present on the pixel electrode (connected to the transistor source); during the abrupt switching of the counter-electrode from 0 volts to +6 volts, the potential of the pixel electrode and the drain of the blocked transistor rise abruptly by capacitive transmission at +12 volts, the source remaining at 0 volts.
- the line decoder at the end of the frame to successively control, line by line, the conduction of the transistors of all the rows of the matrix for mutually overlapping periods of time. such that all the transistors of all the lines are simultaneously conducting at a given moment; the potential of the counter-electrode is switched at this time.
- the invention proposes an image writing method in a liquid crystal display, the display comprising a matrix of lines and columns of pixels, each pixel comprising a liquid crystal between a pixel electrode and a counter-wave.
- an electrode common to all pixels with a control transistor connecting the pixel electrode to a respective column driver common to all the pixels of a same column, the column conductor receiving an analog signal defining a gray level applied to the pixel, the control transistors of the pixels of the same line being controlled by a respective line driver, in which process the writing of an image comprises the successive addressing of the different lines and the simultaneous application of a level of signal to the column conductors, and in which the potential applied to the counter-electrode is alternated between a low value during the odd fields and a high value p in that the write phase is followed, before the end of a frame, by a counter-electrode potential switching phase in which the transistors of the different lines are successively turned on line by line for mutually overlapping times such that all transistors of all lines are
- the conduction duration of the transistors is preferably the same for all the lines, and longer than the time which separates the start of the conduction of the transistors of the first line and the beginning of the conduction of the transistors of the first transistor. the last line.
- the sequencing of the successive addressing of the different lines during the switching phase is much faster than the sequencing during the write phase (or phase of image generation) of the matrix.
- the sequencing consists of staggering regularly between a start time t0 and a final time t1 the beginning of addressing of the different lines. If the conduction duration Te of the transistors is identical for all the transistor lines, Te is chosen strictly greater than the value t1 -t0. Thus, during a time interval between t1 and t0 + Tc, all the transistors are conductive. The switching phase of the counterelectrode potential is performed during this time interval.
- the duration of t0 to t1 is chosen as fast as possible taking into account the possibilities of the line decoder.
- the duration Te is chosen sufficient so that the time interval between t1 and t0 + Tc makes it possible to completely switch the counter-electrode and to transmit all the useful information to the pixels, for example a determined voltage rather than electrical charge.
- a voltage level corresponding to the black level is preferably applied to the column conductors during the switching phase as soon as the time t0, and this level is switched at the time of the counter electrode switching to remain a black level up to to the image write phase of the next frame, at least up to t1 + Tc.
- the invention is preferably applied to normally white displays whose transparency is maximum for a zero voltage between pixel electrode and counter-electrode.
- the switched counter-electrode voltages are produced by a voltage source external to the substrate and independent of the voltage of the supply Vcc of the integrated circuits formed on the semiconductor substrate, the difference between the two counter-electrode voltages being greater than the value Vcc of the supply voltage of the integrated circuits.
- the synchronization of the switching of the external voltage source is ensured by the integrated circuits of the substrate. This arrangement makes it possible to limit (for example to 3 volts) the voltage applied to the integrated circuits while applying a variation of the counter electrode voltage greater than 3 volts, necessary to obtain a "white” and a "black” of sufficient qualities.
- the voltage source external to the substrate will be able to provide a voltage of less than 0 and a voltage greater than Vdc.
- an overvoltage in a direction tending to reinforce the black level
- an overvoltage will be applied to the counter-electrode voltage just before switching its value to the frame.
- an overvoltage in a direction tending to reinforce the black level, before bringing it back to the setpoint value Vmin or Vmax which it must have during the following frame.
- the writing of a frame to include a first write of all the lines at the beginning of the frame and then at least one write of refresh during the frame.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure of a liquid crystal matrix display for implementing the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a timing diagram explaining the image writing method according to the invention
- FIG. 3 represents a detail of the time diagram of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 represents a counter-electrode switching time diagram of Vmax at Vmin in the case where the voltage difference Vmax-Vmin is greater than the supply voltage Vcc of the integrated circuit;
- FIG. 5 represents a similar timing diagram for the next frame where the counter-electrode is switched from Vmin to Vmax.
- the display may be of the type with colored filters, a color being assigned to each pixel, or be of the color sequential type without colored filters, colored light sources being controlled in synchronism with the control of the matrix to illuminate it with a different color at each image frame.
- the invention is particularly applicable to color sequential type displays and it will be considered in the following that the display is of this type.
- frame we will use the term "frame" to define the writing of a complete image of a color on the screen; two successive frames correspond to two different colors in sequential color mode.
- the liquid crystal cell CL comprises a pixel electrode Ep specific to each pixel and a counterelectrode CE which is common to all the pixels.
- a pixel electrode Ep specific to each pixel and a counterelectrode CE which is common to all the pixels.
- the gray level of the pixel is determined by the greater or lesser transparency of the cell for a given light polarization; this transparency does not depend on the direction of the electric field but only on its amplitude.
- the control transistor Q of the cell is connected between the pixel electrode and a column driver associated with all the pixels of the column.
- the gate of the control transistor is connected to a line conductor associated with all the pixels of the line.
- the DAC digital conversion circuit receives the image information to be displayed; a frame comprises n lines and the image is written line by line; for a given line, the circuit DAC receives m groups of numerical values representing the gray levels to be written in the pixels of this line; it establishes on its outputs, connected to the column conductors, m analog voltage levels representing the m gray levels; the line decoder selects the line conductor corresponding to the line that is to be written; this selection turns all control transistors Q of the pixels of the line but not those of the other lines; the cells CL of this line then receive on their pixel electrode Ep the respective analog voltages from the DAC circuit; the counter-electrode CE is at a constant potential throughout the frame; then, the decoder deselects the first line and selects another, while the conversion circuit DAC establishes another group of analog voltages corresponding to the new line to be written, and so on; a sequencing circuit SEQ synchronizes the operation of the decoder DEC line with the operation of the conversion circuit.
- the lines are preferably selected in regular succession in the order of their positions in the matrix; they could be selected in a different order since the image information applied to the column conductors corresponds to what must be displayed in the selected line.
- the n lines of liquid crystal cells At the end of a frame, the n lines of liquid crystal cells have received a respective analog voltage corresponding to the gray levels they must display. Due to their capacitive nature, the cells retain during the remainder of the frame, the load applied at the moment of turning on their control transistor (the applied voltage does not remain constant due to the reorientation of the liquid crystal whose dielectric constant is anisotropic).
- the potential level of the counter-electrode CE is switched at each frame, alternately giving it a low level Vmin, for example 0 volts, during a frame of odd rank, and a high level Vmax, for example +6. volts, during a frame of even rank.
- Vmin for example 0 volts
- Vmax for example +6. volts
- Vmin and Vmax precisely the voltage levels corresponding to a blackest pixel and a whitest pixel
- the conversion circuit DAC will simply have to convert to analog the digital input signal during the odd fields and the inverse digital signal during even frames, which is very easy to achieve.
- the potential switching means of the counter-electrode are controlled by the sequencer in synchronism with the command of the decoder line DEC and the control of the conversion circuit DAC.
- the switching of the counterelectrode potential must be done outside the line writing phase as indicated above, that is to say outside the moment when the DAC circuit applies to a determined line of cells. gray levels corresponding to this line. But if we make this switch without precaution just after writing the last line of a frame and just before writing a new frame, we found out as was said above that we risk cause source-drain overvoltages on the cell control transistors. These surges are damaging.
- the writing sequence performed in the matrix under the control of the sequencing circuit will now be described with reference to FIG. 2 so as to make it possible to switch the CE counter-electrode potential without risk of overvoltage on the Q control transistors.
- the conduction signal applied by the line decoder to the different lines is represented during a complete frame of image writing TR.
- Each frame is decomposed into a first phase which is a gray-level writing phase in the lines and a second phase which is a specific phase of counter-electrode potential switching.
- the line decoder is made to operate again, but differently from the operation adopted during the write phase.
- each line conductor L to L n receives a pulse which turns on the control transistors of this line.
- the pulses last for the time necessary for the control transistors Q to charge the capacitor constituted by the pixel and possibly the storage capacitors (or compensation capacitors) of the circuit.
- the pulses succeed one another for writing the different lines L to L n and do not overlap so that the transistors of a single line are simultaneously conductive.
- the DATA digital data corresponding to the successive lines are converted and applied to the column conductors in synchronism with the selection of the corresponding lines.
- the line decoder performs a new operation of successive addressing of the n lines, but this time the succession of selections from one line to the next is faster (typically between 0.1 and 0.5 millisecond for scan all lines L to L n ) because there is no need to wait until precise analog voltages representing gray levels are established on the column conductors.
- the selection of the lines is done with mutual recovery of the lines, that is to say that the transistors of several lines can be conductors simultaneously.
- the conduction time is the same for all lines.
- the duration Te must be sufficiently long (typically of the order of a millisecond) to put all the pixels in the same state of charge. This will allow the pixel to be insensitive to the display history of the pixel and thus to get rid of look-up tables (or LUK tables of English look-up tables) conventionally used to define the signal to be applied to the pixel. pixel according to the one applied during the previous frame.
- look-up tables or LUK tables of English look-up tables
- the common duration Te of conduction of the transistors of a line is greater than the interval t1 -t0.
- Tc time
- the conversion circuit DAC establishes a determined potential on the column conductors, that is to say that it does not leave the column conductors in high impedance.
- the conversion circuit controlled by the sequencing circuit, produces during this switching phase a voltage corresponding to a black level.
- the voltage to be applied to produce a black level depends on the potential of the counter-electrode and it is precisely that this potential is switched, it is preferable to switch the analog voltage present on all the Column conductors of a voltage Vmin at a voltage Vmax or the opposite (as one goes from an odd field to an even field or the opposite) at the same time that the potential of the counter-electrode is switched.
- FIG. 2 shows the voltage switching on the counter-electrode CE during the time interval from t1 to t0 + Tc.
- the digital data to be converted into analog voltage is also represented. They are inverted from an odd field to an even field, so that if DATA data matches a given frame during an odd field, then inverse DATAJnv digital data must be applied during the next even field to obtain the same image.
- the name DATAJnv does not of course mean that we apply data inverse to those of the previous frame, but that we apply referenced data in the opposite direction of the data of the previous frame. For example, the frames follow one another in the order of the colors red, green, blue, and the data applied are date R, date VJnv, date B, data2R_lnv, data2V, data2B_lnv, etc.
- the conversion circuit applies to the column conductors from the moment tO, an analog voltage level that corresponds to the black level BL. And as the black level reverses when the counter electrode is switched, the conversion circuit is controlled to invert the black level voltage applied when the counter electrode voltage is switched.
- the screen is normally black or normally white depending on the type of liquid crystal and the mutual orientation of the polarizers that surround the cells: the liquid crystals TN (twisted nematic) or MTN (mixed TN) are normally black if the polarizers are parallel, normally white if the polarizers are crossed; the so-called vertically aligned liquid crystals are normally black in crossed polarizers, normally white in parallel polarizers. It is considered for the moment in FIG. 2 that the screen is normally black regardless of its structure, and that the frame TR represented is an odd field where the counter-electrode voltage is Vmin, which means that the level of black is defined by a voltage Vmin on the pixel electrode.
- the conversion circuit applies to all column conductors a voltage Vmin (black level BL); at the moment of the counter-electrode potential switching, it applies to all the column conductors a voltage Vmax (inverted black level BLJnv); and finally, after the time t0 + Tc, and depending on the successive pulses applied to the line conductors L-, to L n , it applies DATAJnv inverse image data to the column conductors for writing the next frame which is an even field.
- Vmin black level BL
- Vmax inverted black level BLJnv
- the black level BL (Vmin if TR is an odd field or Vmax if it is an even field) can be applied to the columns not only starting just before time t0 as shown in FIG. also during the whole period of time which precedes, after the end of the writing of the n lines of the frame. This black level is present on the columns but is not transferred to the cells before the time tO.
- the length of time a pixel holds gray level information depends on the rank of the line. This results from the fact that the addressing of the succession of n lines is faster at the end of the frame (preparation of the counterelectrode switching) than at the beginning of the frame (writing of the gray levels).
- This phenomenon can be compensated by systematically modifying the signal level according to the rank of the line to take into account the difference in illumination time of the different lines.
- One can also decide to alternate the scanning direction of the lines, from L1 to Ln for a frame, and from Ln to L1 for a subsequent frame of the same color, which cancels on average the difference in illumination duration of the different lines.
- FIG. 2 shows a line LUM representing the switching times of the sources of red (R) green (V) blue (B). The instant of switching represented is the time t1 + Tc but it could be located slightly before t1 + Tc as soon as the black level corresponding to the current counterelectrode voltage is applied to the columns at this time.
- Figure 3 shows a detail of the counter electrode potential switching phase.
- the switching of the light sources is done at time t1 + Tc which is the end of addressing time of the last row of pixels. New writing data are applied after this moment.
- the duration Te can be about one millisecond while the duration t1 -t0 can be from 0.1 to 0.5 millisecond.
- the invention is particularly interesting for screens of very small size (a few millimeters to a few centimeters on the side) and in particular for screens serving as transmissive optical modulators in image projectors.
- the individual electrodes Ep could receive voltages between 0 and 6 volts and that the voltage of the counter-electrode CE also varied between 0 and 6 volts. It must be considered that these voltage values are related to the need to produce at the terminals of the liquid crystal an electric field sufficient to obtain a good level of white (in the case of normally black screens) or a good level of black (in the case normally white screens).
- the range of voltages applied to the transistors of the integrated circuit should be limited (typically to 3 volts).
- the maximum voltage that the transistors can support is the supply voltage Vcc of the integrated circuit, this voltage being applied to a terminal of the semiconductor substrate and the substrate itself being able to define the potential reference 0 for the entire display.
- the voltage applied to the individual electrodes Ep of the pixels oscillates between 0 volts (reference voltage of the substrate) and the maximum value Vcc (typically 3 volts); but these voltage values can not in practice be used to establish the voltage on the counter-electrode.
- a gap of 3 volts between individual pixel electrode and counter-electrode is generally not sufficient to produce a good quality of black (in the case of a normally white screen) or a good quality of white (in the case of a normally black screen).
- the voltage applied to the counter electrode oscillates between two values Vmin and Vmax which are produced by a voltage source external to the substrate and which are not limited to the voltage range of 0. volt to Vcc.
- the external voltage source is controlled by the integrated circuit in synchronism with the control of the pixel electrodes.
- Vmin and Vmax are then dictated by a compromise between a quality of "white” and a quality of "black” sufficient.
- a white pixel will correspond to an electrode voltage Ep of 0 volts and a black pixel will correspond to an electrode voltage Ep of Vcc.
- the counter-electrode in the first frame is at a higher Vmin -Vth level, otherwise the white would not be good, but less than (Vcc-VT) otherwise the black would be not good.
- Vmax is at a level below Vcc + Vth, otherwise the white would not be good and at a level above VT, otherwise the black would not be good.
- This value VT 4.5 volts is not necessarily an optimal value to have excellent contrast; it would indeed be a much higher voltage VT. But it is a value that is considered sufficient for certain applications, even if it is then necessary to reinforce the contrast by other means such as the use of contrast enhancement films on the display.
- voltages Vmin and Vmax are chosen which are respectively equal to -Vth and Vcc + Vth (-1.5 volts and +4.5 volts) or very slightly higher than -Vth and very slightly lower than Vcc + Vth. And these voltages are applied to the counter-electrode by means of a voltage source external to the semiconductor substrate of the display.
- a voltage source external to the semiconductor substrate capable of supplying the counter-electrode with switching voltages Vmin and Vmax whose deviation is greater than the supply voltage Vcc of the integrated circuits (including the electrodes of FIG. pixels) is possible when the writing comprises an erase phase between two frames, performed as explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 or otherwise. It is also possible when there is no erase phase.
- Such an external source is indeed useful when the method of writing the display involves a periodic switching of the counter-electrode potential if the difference between the potentials of the counter electrode is greater than the maximum voltage supported by the elements of the integrated circuit that controls the pixels.
- the switching of the counter said electrode comprises an erase acceleration phase; during this phase, the potential of the counter-electrode is momentarily increased to a value greater than Vmax or less than Vmin, respectively, before returning to the normal setpoint value Vmax or Vmin which it must keep throughout the frame.
- This potential increase in absolute value is desirable especially due to the fact that the potentials Vmin and Vmax are at the limit of what makes it possible to obtain a good quality of black and it is better to raise them temporarily in absolute value for a good erasure .
- This erase acceleration phase occurs at the moment when the pixel electrodes are all brought to a potential corresponding to the black level (0 volts for one frame, Vcc for the next frame).
- the timing diagram of FIG. 4 represents an erase phase between two frames, comprising a counter-electrode potential switch from the potential Vmin to the potential Vmax, and a simultaneous switching of the black level potential applied to all the pixels (by example by the method explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, with overvoltages at a VMAX level (for example +5.5 volts or +6 volts) higher than Vmax (+4.5 volts) and a level VMIN (for example -2.5 or -3 volts) less than Vmin.
- VMAX level for example +5.5 volts or +6 volts
- VMIN for example -2.5 or -3 volts
- the erasure phase actually begins at a time t1 (but it could start before, at the instant t0 if we operate according to the timing diagram of FIG. 2), and it actually ends at a time t0 + Tc (but the next frame will start only after the instant t1 + Tc if we operate according to the timing diagram of Figure 2).
- BL black level potential
- the writing of the second frame can start line by line after the return to the value Vmin; in the case where the row conductors of the matrix are successively made conductive, the writing begins only after the instant t1 + Tc defined with reference to FIG. 2.
- FIG. 5 represents a similar timing diagram for the next frame wherein the potential of the counter-electrode changes from Vmin to Vmax through a first overvoltage at VMIN and a second overvoltage at VMAX.
- the image is refreshed at least once during a frame, that is to say, one writes again, line by line, in each pixel the column potential corresponding to each point of image.
- Storage capacity would be particularly harmful for transmissive type displays because it would significantly reduce the aperture of the pixel.
- a rewrite of the image consumes more power, but as the integrated circuit works at a low Vcc supply voltage (3 volts), the consumption is not exaggerated.
- one or two refreshments may be provided during the frame. The limit of the number of possible refreshments depends on the ratio between the duration of the frame and the time required to rewrite all the lines of the matrix.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/522,691 US20120287179A1 (en) | 2010-02-02 | 2011-01-21 | Method for Writing an Image in a Liquid Crystal Display |
| JP2012550399A JP2013519105A (ja) | 2010-02-02 | 2011-01-21 | 液晶ディスプレイに画像を書き込むための方法 |
| EP11701086A EP2531998A1 (fr) | 2010-02-02 | 2011-01-21 | Procédé d'ecriture d'image dans un afficheur à cristal liquide |
| CN2011800079431A CN102741914A (zh) | 2010-02-02 | 2011-01-21 | 用于在液晶显示器中写入图像的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1000403A FR2955964A1 (fr) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-02-02 | Procede d'ecriture d'image dans un afficheur a cristal liquide |
| FR1000403 | 2010-02-02 | ||
| FR1001292 | 2010-03-30 | ||
| FR1001292A FR2955965B1 (fr) | 2010-02-02 | 2010-03-30 | Procede d'ecriture d'image dans un afficheur a cristal liquide. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011095403A1 true WO2011095403A1 (fr) | 2011-08-11 |
Family
ID=8871589
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2011/050814 Ceased WO2011095403A1 (fr) | 2010-02-02 | 2011-01-21 | Procede d'ecriture d'image dans un afficheur a cristal liquide |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120287179A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2531998A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2013519105A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN102741914A (fr) |
| FR (2) | FR2955964A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011095403A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9767757B2 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2017-09-19 | Finisar Corporation | Pipelined pixel applications in liquid crystal on silicon chip |
| WO2017149646A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 株式会社オルタステクノロジー | Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides |
| CN111402833B (zh) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-01 | 南京芯视元电子有限公司 | 一种提高LCoS空间光调制器相位调制精度的校正系统 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09138421A (ja) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-05-27 | Sharp Corp | アクティブマトリクス型液晶画像表示装置 |
| US20040189586A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-09-30 | Fujitsu Display Technologies Corporation | Method of driving a liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
| US7019725B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2006-03-28 | Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. | Reset method and apparatus for liquid crystal display |
| WO2007065903A1 (fr) | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-14 | Thales | System video comprenant un afficheur matriciel a cristaux liquides a procede d’adressage ameliore |
| US20080094383A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2008-04-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Driving A Display With A Polarity Inversion Pattern |
| US20090219237A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Epson Imaging Devices Corporation | Electro-optical device, driving method thereof, and electronic apparatus |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3734629B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-15 | 2006-01-11 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 表示装置 |
| JP2005031696A (ja) * | 1999-03-26 | 2005-02-03 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置及びその駆動方法 |
| JP3570362B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-10 | 2004-09-29 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気光学装置の駆動方法、画像処理回路、電気光学装置および電子機器 |
| JP4127602B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-23 | 2008-07-30 | 東芝松下ディスプレイテクノロジー株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の駆動方法 |
| CN100446079C (zh) * | 2004-12-15 | 2008-12-24 | 日本电气株式会社 | 液晶显示装置、其驱动方法及其驱动电路 |
| JP4419897B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-30 | 2010-02-24 | エプソンイメージングデバイス株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の駆動法、液晶表示装置及び電子機器 |
| JP2008058571A (ja) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-13 | Epson Imaging Devices Corp | 電気光学装置及び電子機器 |
| JP2008233415A (ja) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-10-02 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
| JP2009069730A (ja) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-04-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電気光学装置、電子機器及び指示物体の検出方法 |
| KR101310379B1 (ko) * | 2008-12-03 | 2013-09-23 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 액정표시장치와 그 구동방법 |
-
2010
- 2010-02-02 FR FR1000403A patent/FR2955964A1/fr active Pending
- 2010-03-30 FR FR1001292A patent/FR2955965B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-01-21 EP EP11701086A patent/EP2531998A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-01-21 CN CN2011800079431A patent/CN102741914A/zh active Pending
- 2011-01-21 JP JP2012550399A patent/JP2013519105A/ja active Pending
- 2011-01-21 US US13/522,691 patent/US20120287179A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-21 WO PCT/EP2011/050814 patent/WO2011095403A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09138421A (ja) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-05-27 | Sharp Corp | アクティブマトリクス型液晶画像表示装置 |
| US7019725B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2006-03-28 | Lg.Philips Lcd Co., Ltd. | Reset method and apparatus for liquid crystal display |
| US20040189586A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-09-30 | Fujitsu Display Technologies Corporation | Method of driving a liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
| US20080094383A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2008-04-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. | Driving A Display With A Polarity Inversion Pattern |
| WO2007065903A1 (fr) | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-14 | Thales | System video comprenant un afficheur matriciel a cristaux liquides a procede d’adressage ameliore |
| US20090219237A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Epson Imaging Devices Corporation | Electro-optical device, driving method thereof, and electronic apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2955965A1 (fr) | 2011-08-05 |
| JP2013519105A (ja) | 2013-05-23 |
| EP2531998A1 (fr) | 2012-12-12 |
| FR2955964A1 (fr) | 2011-08-05 |
| US20120287179A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
| FR2955965B1 (fr) | 2012-11-16 |
| CN102741914A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
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