WO2011106859A1 - Conversor de energía utilizando ciclo stirling - Google Patents
Conversor de energía utilizando ciclo stirling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011106859A1 WO2011106859A1 PCT/BR2011/000065 BR2011000065W WO2011106859A1 WO 2011106859 A1 WO2011106859 A1 WO 2011106859A1 BR 2011000065 W BR2011000065 W BR 2011000065W WO 2011106859 A1 WO2011106859 A1 WO 2011106859A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- energy converter
- thermomechanical
- rotor
- energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/10—Closed cycles
- F02C1/105—Closed cycles construction; details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/057—Regenerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/068—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having other power cycles, e.g. Stirling or transcritical, supercritical cycles; combined with other power sources, e.g. wind, gas or nuclear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2270/00—Constructional features
- F02G2270/10—Rotary pistons
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Definitions
- the present patent application refers to building systems in general, more specifically to a "Thermomechanical Energy Converter” which, according to its general characteristics, has as its basic principle to provide mechanical energy through the conversion made through the passage. heat flow from a power source to an energy absorbing element, so that through the energy flow the transport element of this energy performs a job while moving a turbine or engine.
- a “Thermomechanical Energy Converter” which, according to its general characteristics, has as its basic principle to provide mechanical energy through the conversion made through the passage. heat flow from a power source to an energy absorbing element, so that through the energy flow the transport element of this energy performs a job while moving a turbine or engine.
- Thermomechanical Energy Converter uses the Robert Stirling concept which in 1816 developed the first external combustion engine, although the “Thermomechanical Energy Converter” described here does not necessarily need combustion, but rather a heat source, which may be by combustion of any kind of fuel, solid, liquid, gas as well as other energy sources such as the sun, geothermal, radioactive isotopes, etc. But anyway, the concept is the same as created by Robert Stirling.
- This patent application is characterized by bringing together components and processes in a different design, which will meet the various requirements that the nature of use demands, that is, a system of energy conversion operating by heating gas in two units that operate synchronously, so that while one heats the gas inside, the other removes heat from the gas and this cycle generates the conversion that becomes available on the shaft of a motor or turbine.
- the converted energy is proportional to the energy flow through the conversion equipment. The better the elements of energy transfer, insulation and heat loss, flow flow of both energy and gas, the more efficient the converter will be.
- the present patent application consists of the use of a modern, efficient, safe and functional "Thermomechanical Energy Converter” through the closed-loop gas expansion and retraction generally comprised of a set of correctly incorporated mechanical and construction elements and solutions, composing a complete and differentiated construction system with unique design and unique characteristics, incorporating its own mechanical-specific structure, of high durability and resistance and containing perfectly integrated and symmetrically arranged in a closed circuit formed by a set of elements of heating, isolation, transport, expansion in order to propel a turbine or engine to gas pressure, providing mechanical energy in a shaft to conversion to electrical energy for specific or general use.
- the present "Thermomechanical Energy Converter” is based on the energy contained in a heat source, sun, geothermal, combustion, atomic radiation, where it is taken by means of a thermal fluid and conducted in chambers to transfer the energy to the gas contained in the chambers so that it expands and is converted to mechanical energy on a motor shaft or turbine so that the gas receives power in one of the chambers, increasing pressure and moving to the other chamber whose circuit is in it. moment by removing the heat from the gas and in this way the system will do work converting moving a turbine or engine.
- Thermomechanical Knergia Converter has been designed, in which its basic design is totally based on its own structure that presents the basic and essential characteristics of total simplicity, energy transfer and conversion efficiency, versatility and efficiency. integration, also characterized by ease of deployment, especially flexibility in the use of various heat sources, renewable, non-renewable, fuels, etc .; involving a low number of components, reducing manufacturing, assembly and maintenance costs and times;
- the proposed project consists of a new solution that by its geometry configures an accelerated thermal transfer process, allows the implementation of thermal units in consortium facilitating large systems, the symmetry ensures balance and excellent balance nonexistent in current systems, and one of the points. Most importantly, the continuous use of the energy flow and its own characteristics have the property of easily leaving the inertial state of departure.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram depicting the flow of thermal energy, the transfer to gas within two sealed but interconnected units by means of a circuit that forces gas to pass through a turbine such that: thermal energy enters block 1, takes direction 2 continuously and uninterruptedly, part being transformed and part being released into the environment by block 6, so during this flow, energy is transferred to the gas contained in sealed units 4 and 5, so that at one point energy is transferred to gas in sealed unit 4 by expanding the gas and withdrawn in sealed unit 5 moving to the outside environment and in the next phase the transfer operates in the opposite direction, energy is deposited in unit sealed unit 5 and withdrawn from sealed unit 4 moving to block 6 for release, of course much of the energy is transferred to generate work and energy conversion by turbine
- At 3 the direction of the flow of energy which time enters unit 4 and time at unit 5 is represented, at 8 one-way flow valves are indicated, they allow gas flow only in the direction indicated so that in the diagram shown the flow of gas 9 always enters the same side of turbine 10 ensuring same and continuous movement in the same direction.
- the three graphs in figure 1 indicate, 1 1 the gas pressure curve in each of the sealed units when in operation and 12 the average system pressure line, and 13 the average system pressure without power flow. from the source.
- the differential pressure behavior between sealed units 4 and 5 is indicated, at 15 the pressure behavior at the turbine inlet after passing through the directional valves.
- sealed units are considered to have inert gas under pressure designed to remain safe as a function of the maximum operating pressures.
- Helium gas highly indicated, meets safety and the property of having high thermal conductivity, the absorption of heat occurs about ten times faster than that of air or nitrogen.
- the sealed units are pressurized so that the larger the pressure, the greater its energy conversion capacity per unit volume, precisely because the greater the amount of gas molecules, the more gaseous matter there is to carry the energy.
- the equipment must be correctly sized to operate in safe conditions. As there is no moving element exposed to the outside, the present project has no volumetric variation during the cycle and is not influenced by atmospheric pressure.
- Figure 2 there are two block diagrams representing the same system 17, but in 16 indicates the energy flow as a function of the rotor spin to be explained in detail below, noting that at some point the energy flow enters the sealed unit 4 and exits through sealed unit 5 and in the next step the opposite, enters through sealed unit 5 and exits 4.
- the gas flow is indicated which due to the sequential and continuous exchange of energy transfer, time comes from sealed unit 4 with higher pressure entering the turbine and time comes from sealed unit 5 so it is at higher pressure entering the turbine.
- FIG. 3 shows how the rotor is constituted.
- the rotor is formed by a shaft 22, with rosettes 19 of thermally insulating material, each rosette is formed by petals 20, the shaft is drilled 21 for the passage of gas during the expansion and retraction process.
- the assembled rotor is indicated at 23, one part with the rosettes all symmetrically aligned and spaced 25 and another part of identical size with the same number of rosettes but lagged to generate the symmetrical effect on the heat exchange by the energy flow.
- the function of the rotor with the rosettes is to displace the gas in a circular manner within each of the sealed units, moving it from the hot and cold regions and vice versa continuously, it must be observed and understood that this rotor does not exert pressure.
- Figure 4 shows one of the most important items of the project, the thermal transfer disc.
- the concept is as follows: To have the best possible performance in a closed-loop gas system, the gas must be as close to the heat transmitting element as possible so that energy transfer is efficient both during the process. to provide the energy for withdrawal, that is, in as close contact as possible with the heat withdrawal element.
- the energy transfer thermal disc consists of hot segments 27 and cold segments 28 alternately insulated from each other by thermal insulators 30. Each segment is formed by a fraction of the disc with perfect angled edges directed to the center, with conductive material. thermal and good thermal emission property, inserted by a duct 29 through which hot or cold thermal fluid is transported as appropriate.
- Ring 31 is made of thermal insulating material to reduce energy loss to the shaft.
- Figure 5 shows a 4 hot pole 32 and 4 cold pole 33 energy exchange disc and its assembled design 34.
- a thermal insulating disc is shown which is used at the ends of the sealed units to reduce thermal losses to the housing and the outer environment.
- Figure 6 shows how the main elements constituting the energy to gas transfer system as well as the energy withdrawal from the gas within the sealed units are assembled.
- the rotor is observed for a device with two sealed units and four poles. As the rotor is shown to contain two sections, one with three symmetrical rosettes, and another section with three other lagged symmetrical rosettes of the first section, the holes are also observed in this item to facilitate the passage of gas during the process.
- 36 and 37 it is observed how the discs that form the stator are distributed, the discs are fixed in the housing and operate in a static and completely symmetrical way all the discs and even aligned when referring to the sealed units while the rotor rotates between their grids. .
- the discs are mounted between the stator rosettes and another disc at the end which according to drawing, the disc indicated by 40 is the last heat transfer disc of the assembly and thereafter is introduced from the thermal insulation disc 41 so that the energy that is introduced into the system to be fully available for gas expansion, improving overall performance.
- the disc indicated by 40 is the last heat transfer disc of the assembly and thereafter is introduced from the thermal insulation disc 41 so that the energy that is introduced into the system to be fully available for gas expansion, improving overall performance.
- Figure 8 is highly illuminating, the arrow indicated by 55 defines the always cold region, so all stator grilles aligned with this arrow will always be removing heat from the gas through the thermal fluid passing through them, on the other hand the arrow indicated 54 defines the always hot region and therefore all stator grids aligned with this arrow will always be providing heat through the thermal fluid passing through them.
- the grid 49 and all the grids aligned thereto, segments of the thermal discs are cold, the grid 50 and all aligned thereto are hot.
- the petals 51 and 52 are part of the rotor and trap between them all the gas of the sealed units sequentially holding the hot and cold regions. Below is the longitudinal view of the gas between the hot and cold grids.
- Fig. 9 again shows one of the rotor segments 64, the housing 62 and the thermal insulating cylinder 63 which has the function of isolating, reducing losses of heat exchange elements, hot and cold discs and gas with the external medium. .
- Figure 11 outlines two forms of installation and application, the first of which at 75 indicates a large installation consisting of a heater 89 whose energy can be provided by solar, geothermal, fuel of any species, solid concentrators. liquid, gaseous, renewable or non-renewable and by heating by radioactive isotope atomic energy, an insulated thermal fluid reservoir 77, a fluid circulation booster pump 78, sealed thermal transfer, expansion and gas retraction 80 and 82, chiller 83, coolant reservoir 84, coolant booster pump 86, directional valve module 88, turbine 87, and thermal fluid flow indication 79 and 76 respectively hot inlet and outlet and 85 and 81, cold inlet and outlet.
- a heater 89 whose energy can be provided by solar, geothermal, fuel of any species, solid concentrators. liquid, gaseous, renewable or non-renewable and by heating by radioactive isotope atomic energy, an insulated thermal fluid reservoir 77, a fluid circulation booster pump 78, sealed thermal transfer, expansion and gas re
- heat receiver 91 coupled to the assembly, coupling, pumping and insulation cap 92, sealed unit 93, insulation segment 94, sealed unit 95, insulation segment 96, module directional valves 98, turbine 97 and heat sink 99.
- Figure 12 indicates an apparatus 100 having a system with two sealed unit assemblies, 101 and 102, indicating the flexibility of building with the same idea and concept, multi-phase systems.
- 103 and 104 respectively indicate the behavior of gas expansion and retraction cycles between the two sets of sealed units, 105 the relative behavior that occurs in each set of sealed units and 106 resulting from gas flow in the turbines.
- this figure and diagrams indicate the feasibility of using this concept in large projects.
- Figure 13 shows the application of smaller equipment 07 in solar systems with mirrored energy concentration plates.
- the sun deposits an average 1000 watts of energy per square meter in the earth's crust.
- Concentrators of various designs may be used to direct the energy and conduct it to generate the useful flow for the proposed conversion system.
- the “Thermomechanical Power Converter” proposed here gives high flexibility for small and large installations, high security in its use, considering the correct technical procedure for its dimensioning, its construction and application, robustness due to characteristics such as: very low noise, no shocks and impacts, simplicity of process, applicability from small isolated installations, residential, commercial and distributed systems.
- Thermomechanical Hypnergy Converter As a totally versatile, efficient, accurate, practical, environmentally friendly, and safe way to perform useful work or in the thermomechanical conversion of energy in a clean, renewable way for companies to accept power generation and community, yet easy to operate and maintain, coupled with high performance and excellent overall characteristics, however the form sizes of installations may vary directly according to the needs of the environment or project.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11750100.7A EP2543859B1 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-03-04 | Stirling cycle energy converter |
| ES11750100.7T ES2574208T3 (es) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-03-04 | Conversor de energía que utiliza un ciclo de stirling |
| US13/582,792 US9016056B2 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-03-04 | Stirling cycle energy converter |
| JP2012556348A JP5878132B2 (ja) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-03-04 | スターリングサイクルを使用するエネルギー変換器 |
| CN201180022246.3A CN102918250B (zh) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-03-04 | 一种使用斯特林循环的能量转换器 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI1000624-9 | 2010-03-05 | ||
| BRPI1000624-9A BRPI1000624B1 (pt) | 2010-03-05 | 2010-03-05 | conversor de energia termomecânico |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011106859A1 true WO2011106859A1 (pt) | 2011-09-09 |
Family
ID=44541563
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2011/000065 Ceased WO2011106859A1 (pt) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-03-04 | Conversor de energía utilizando ciclo stirling |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9016056B2 (pt) |
| EP (1) | EP2543859B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP5878132B2 (pt) |
| CN (1) | CN102918250B (pt) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1000624B1 (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES2574208T3 (pt) |
| PT (1) | PT2543859E (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO2011106859A1 (pt) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013162457A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Karlberg Nils | A working cylinder for an energy converter |
| US8844291B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2014-09-30 | Vaporgenics Inc. | Universal heat engine |
| US11137177B1 (en) | 2019-03-16 | 2021-10-05 | Vaporgemics, Inc | Internal return pump |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR102012015554A8 (pt) * | 2012-06-25 | 2017-09-19 | Associacao Paranaense Cultura Apc | Máquina térmica que opera em conformidade com o ciclo termodinâmico de carnot e processo de controle |
| BR102013026634A2 (pt) | 2013-10-16 | 2015-08-25 | Abx En Ltda | Máquina térmica diferencial com ciclo de oito transformações termodinâmicas e processo de controle |
| US9267462B1 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2016-02-23 | Kuwait Institute For Scientific Research | Fluid expansion engine |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6195992B1 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2001-03-06 | Arthur Charles Nommensen | Stirling cycle engine |
| US20090019846A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2009-01-22 | Guy Silver | Method and system for electrical and mechanical power generation using stirling engine principles |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH063173B2 (ja) * | 1983-05-27 | 1994-01-12 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | スタ−リングエンジン |
| KR100233198B1 (ko) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-12-01 | 윤종용 | 스터링 냉동기의 진동흡수펌프장치 |
| DE19809847A1 (de) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-16 | Rudolf Huttary | Stirling-Kreiskolbenmaschine |
| JP2002242761A (ja) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-28 | Ohm Denki Kk | スターリングエンジンおよび発電方法 |
| US6701708B2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2004-03-09 | Pasadena Power | Moveable regenerator for stirling engines |
| JP2003083166A (ja) * | 2001-09-10 | 2003-03-19 | Ohm Denki Kk | スターリングエンジンおよびスターリングエンジンの圧力差生成方法 |
| KR20050087380A (ko) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-08-31 | 사종엽 | 로터리 방식 스털링 엔진 |
| WO2006044259A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Guy Silver | Method and system for generation of power using stirling engine principles |
| JP3773522B1 (ja) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-05-10 | シャープ株式会社 | スターリング機関 |
| FR2924762A1 (fr) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-12 | Pascot Philippe | Machine thermodynamique, en particulier de type stirling. |
| US8495873B2 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2013-07-30 | University Of North Texas | Liquid cooled stirling engine with a segmented rotary displacer |
-
2010
- 2010-03-05 BR BRPI1000624-9A patent/BRPI1000624B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-03-04 PT PT117501007T patent/PT2543859E/pt unknown
- 2011-03-04 US US13/582,792 patent/US9016056B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-04 WO PCT/BR2011/000065 patent/WO2011106859A1/pt not_active Ceased
- 2011-03-04 ES ES11750100.7T patent/ES2574208T3/es active Active
- 2011-03-04 JP JP2012556348A patent/JP5878132B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-04 EP EP11750100.7A patent/EP2543859B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-04 CN CN201180022246.3A patent/CN102918250B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6195992B1 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2001-03-06 | Arthur Charles Nommensen | Stirling cycle engine |
| US20090019846A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2009-01-22 | Guy Silver | Method and system for electrical and mechanical power generation using stirling engine principles |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8844291B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2014-09-30 | Vaporgenics Inc. | Universal heat engine |
| WO2013162457A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Karlberg Nils | A working cylinder for an energy converter |
| CN104271930A (zh) * | 2012-04-25 | 2015-01-07 | N·卡尔伯格 | 用于能量转换器的工作气缸 |
| CN104271930B (zh) * | 2012-04-25 | 2016-06-01 | N·卡尔伯格 | 用于能量转换器的工作气缸 |
| US9840983B2 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2017-12-12 | Nils Karlberg | Working cylinder for an energy converter |
| US11137177B1 (en) | 2019-03-16 | 2021-10-05 | Vaporgemics, Inc | Internal return pump |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2574208T3 (es) | 2016-06-15 |
| US20130061590A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
| US9016056B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
| JP5878132B2 (ja) | 2016-03-08 |
| BRPI1000624B1 (pt) | 2021-02-23 |
| EP2543859A1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
| BRPI1000624A2 (pt) | 2011-10-25 |
| EP2543859A4 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
| CN102918250B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
| JP2013521434A (ja) | 2013-06-10 |
| PT2543859E (pt) | 2016-06-07 |
| CN102918250A (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
| EP2543859B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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