WO2011161826A1 - 太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物および太陽電池バックシート - Google Patents
太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物および太陽電池バックシート Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011161826A1 WO2011161826A1 PCT/JP2010/060884 JP2010060884W WO2011161826A1 WO 2011161826 A1 WO2011161826 A1 WO 2011161826A1 JP 2010060884 W JP2010060884 W JP 2010060884W WO 2011161826 A1 WO2011161826 A1 WO 2011161826A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/006—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00
- C08F283/008—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00 on to unsaturated polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/01—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to unsaturated polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
- C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/85—Protective back sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
- Y10T428/31797—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating composition for a solar battery backsheet and a solar battery backsheet, and in particular, has excellent adhesion to an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a polyester resin, and has a water vapor barrier property, weather resistance, and flame retardancy.
- the present invention relates to an excellent coating composition for a solar battery backsheet and a solar battery backsheet.
- Photovoltaic power generation has been put into practical use as a clean alternative energy source that uses inexhaustible solar radiation energy.
- Solar cells constitute the heart of a photovoltaic power generation system that converts sunlight energy directly into electricity.
- Photovoltaic elements such as crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, copper indium selenide, and compound semiconductors Made from.
- a single photovoltaic element is not used as it is, and generally several to several tens of photovoltaic elements are wired in series or in parallel, and the element is extended over a long period of time.
- various packaging is performed, and a unit is formed as a solar cell module.
- a solar cell module has an upper transparent material made of glass or transparent plastic on the surface that is exposed to sunlight, and a sealing material layer made of a thermoplastic resin such as an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as EVA).
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
- the solar battery backsheet has excellent mechanical strength and excellent properties such as weather resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, light resistance, and chemical resistance to protect the contents of solar cells and leads.
- a high gas barrier property that prevents intrusion of moisture, oxygen and the like is required.
- the adhesion and adhesion stability with a sealing material layer such as EVA are important. This is because separation of the sealing material layer, discoloration, and corrosion of the wiring occur due to moisture permeation from the interface, which may affect the output of the module itself.
- the inner surface is required to be white because of its contribution to improving power generation efficiency.
- EVA polyvinyl fluoride
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the fluororesin simplex sheet has problems such as water vapor barrier properties, transparency, weather resistance, and flame retardancy.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a back surface sealing film for a solar cell made of a laminate of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) film containing titanium oxide produced by a chlorine method.
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- adhesiveness with a sealing material layer such as EVA is inferior.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and since it has good adhesion to EVA and polyester-based resin as a sealing material for solar cells, direct coating is possible, water vapor barrier properties, and weather resistance.
- the present invention provides a solar cell backsheet coating composition and a solar cell backsheet that are excellent in properties such as heat resistance, flame retardancy, light reflectivity, and light diffusibility, low in cost, excellent in design properties, and high in protective ability. It is an issue.
- the present invention is as follows. 1. (A) Vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester resin 10 to 40% by mass (B) Vinyl monomer and / or (meth) acrylate monomer 30 to 70% by mass (C) modifying agent 5-40% by mass, (However, the total of the components (a) to (c) is 100% by mass) And (d) UV curing agent 0.1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the components (a) to (c), (E) White colorant 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of (a) to (c), The coating composition for solar cell backsheets containing this. 2. 2. The solar cell backsheet coating composition according to 1, wherein the component (a) is an epoxy (meth) acrylate.
- the component (c) is a polyol (c-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g; and a polyol (c-2) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g and an acid value of 2 to 20 mgKOH / g Modified rubber (c-3); at least one selected from the group consisting of compound (c-4) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 700 g / mol;
- the component (c-1) is a castor oil-based polyol (c-1-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g; a polybutadiene-based polyol (c-1-2) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g; 5.
- the solar cell backsheet according to 4 above which is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyisoprene-based polyol having a value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g or a hydrogenated product thereof (c-1-3). Paint composition. 6). 6.
- the component (c-2) is a castor oil-based polyol (c-2-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g and an acid value of 2 to 20 mgKOH / g.
- the coating composition for a solar battery backsheet of the present invention contains the components (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) in a specific quantitative relationship, the solar battery Direct coating is possible due to good adhesion with EVA, etc., which is a cell sealing material, and various properties such as water vapor barrier properties, weather resistance, flame retardancy, light reflectivity, and light diffusibility It is possible to provide a solar battery back sheet that is excellent, low in cost, excellent in design, and high in protection ability.
- the solar battery backsheet of the present invention includes a layer (A) of the solar battery backsheet coating composition and a layer (B) made of a polyester resin, EVA or the like, which is a sealing material for solar battery cells, etc.
- the adhesion between the layer (A) and the layer (B) is also good, and the water vapor barrier property, weather resistance, flame retardancy, light reflectivity, light diffusibility, etc. It has excellent properties, low cost, excellent design, and high protection ability.
- Component (a) of the coating composition of the present invention is a vinyl ester resin or an unsaturated polyester resin.
- the vinyl ester resin is selected from a urethane (meth) acrylate resin, an epoxy (meth) acrylate resin, and a polyester (meth) acrylate resin, and more preferably a solar cell sealing material.
- An epoxy (meth) acrylate resin is preferable because it is excellent in adhesion to EVA and the like and a polyester resin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as adhesion to an adherend or simply adhesive) and weather resistance.
- the (meth) acrylate referred to in the present invention refers to acrylate or methacrylate.
- Such urethane (meth) acrylate resin is preferably obtained by reaction of polyol, polyisocyanate and (meth) acrylate having one or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule, and two or more (meth) acrylates in one molecule. ) It has an acryloyl group.
- the polyol used in the urethane (meth) acrylate resin preferably has a number average molecular weight of 200 to 3000, particularly preferably 400 to 2000.
- Typical examples of the polyol include polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polybutadiene polyols, and the like. These polyols are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polyether polyol may include a polyol obtained by adding the alkylene oxide to bisphenol A and bisphenol F, in addition to a polyalkylene oxide such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol.
- the polyester polyol is a condensation polymer of dibasic acids and polyhydric alcohols or a ring-opening polymer of a cyclic ester compound such as polycaprolactone.
- Dibasic acids used here are, for example, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, halogenated phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, Hexahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydroisophthalic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, 1,12-dodecanedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2 , 3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,3-naphthal
- Polyhydric alcohols include, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,3 -Butanediol, neopentyl glycol, hydrogenated bisphenol A, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, adducts of bisphenol A and propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutane, Glycerin, trimethylolpropane, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-cyclohexane glycol, 1,3-cyclohexane glycol, 1,4-cyclohexane glycol, 1,4-cycl Hexane dimethanol, paraxylene glycol, bicyclohexyl-4,4'-diol, 2,6-decalin
- Examples of the polyisocyanate used in the urethane (meth) acrylate resin include 2,4-TDI and its isomer or a mixture of isomers, MDI, HDI, IPDI, XDI, hydrogenated XDI, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, and naphthalene.
- MDI, HDI, IPDI, XDI, hydrogenated XDI, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, and naphthalene examples of the polyisocyanate used in the urethane (meth) acrylate resin.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate (hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate) having one or more hydroxyl groups per molecule used in the urethane (meth) acrylate resin include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl ( Mono (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid di (meth) acrylate, And polyvalent (meth) acrylates such as pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate.
- the epoxy (meth) acrylate resin used as the vinyl ester resin preferably has two or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, and is an esterification catalyst for epoxy resin and unsaturated monobasic acid. It is obtained by reacting in the presence of.
- Examples of the epoxy resin mentioned here include a bisphenol type or novolac type epoxy resin alone, or a resin in which a bisphenol type and a novolac type epoxy resin are mixed, and the average epoxy equivalent is preferably 150 to It is in the range of 450.
- the bisphenol type epoxy resin a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin substantially having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule obtained by the reaction of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A or bisphenol F is used.
- An epoxy resin a methyl glycidyl ether-type epoxy resin obtained by reaction of methyl epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A or bisphenol F, an epoxy resin obtained from an alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin, or the like.
- Typical examples of the novolak type epoxy resin include an epoxy resin obtained by a reaction of phenol novolak or cresol novolak with epichlorohydrin or methyl epichlorohydrin.
- Typical examples of unsaturated monobasic acids used for epoxy (meth) acrylate resins include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, cinnamic acid, crotonic acid, monomethyl maleate, monopropyl maleate, and monoester maleate. (2-ethylhexyl) or sorbic acid. These unsaturated monobasic acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the reaction between the epoxy resin and the unsaturated monobasic acid is preferably carried out using an esterification catalyst at a temperature of 60 to 140 ° C., particularly preferably 80 to 120 ° C.
- esterification catalyst known catalysts such as tertiary amines such as triethylamine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, N, N-dimethylaniline or diazabicyclooctane, triphenylphosphine or diethylamine hydrochloride Can be used as is.
- the polyester (meth) acrylate resin used as the vinyl ester resin is a saturated or unsaturated polyester having two or more (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, and (meth) acrylic at the end of the saturated or unsaturated polyester. the compound is obtained by reacting.
- the number average molecular weight of such a resin is preferably 500 to 5,000.
- the saturated polyester used in the present invention is a condensation reaction between a saturated dibasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol
- the unsaturated polyester is a dibasic acid containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dibasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol. It is obtained by the condensation reaction.
- the resin which made the terminal of unsaturated polyester react with the (meth) acryl compound shall be contained in vinyl ester resin in this invention, and shall be distinguished from the unsaturated polyester resin demonstrated below.
- saturated dibasic acid examples include the compounds shown in the above-mentioned polyester polyol, and examples of the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dibasic acid include maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid. And itaconic anhydride.
- the compound shown to the term of the said polyester polyol can be mentioned also about polyhydric alcohol.
- the (meth) acrylic compound of the polyester (meth) acrylate resin used as the vinyl ester resin includes unsaturated glycidyl compounds, various unsaturated monobasic acids such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and glycidyl esters thereof. is there.
- glycidyl (meth) acrylate is used.
- the unsaturated polyester resin is obtained by polycondensing an acid component and an alcohol component by a known method, and the kind thereof is not particularly limited as long as it is known as a thermosetting resin.
- the acid component for example, unsaturated dibasic acids such as maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid are used. If necessary, use a saturated dibasic acid such as phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, and sebacic acid, and acids other than dibasic acids such as benzoic acid and trimellitic acid. be able to.
- the alcohol component include polyhydric alcohols shown in the above-mentioned polyester polyol section.
- Component (b) Vinyl monomer and / or (meth) acrylate monomer
- Component (b) of the coating composition for solar battery backsheet of the present invention is a vinyl monomer and / or (meth) acrylate monomer.
- Specific examples include, for example, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane trioxyethyl (meth) acrylate, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ) Isocyanurate tri (meth) acrylate, tris (2
- Others include hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) ) Acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, amyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, isoamyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl (meth) ) Acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl
- the component (b) vinyl monomer and / or (meth) acrylate monomer of the coating composition for solar battery backsheet of the present invention has high hardness development property, quick drying property, adhesiveness, non-yellowing property, low viscosity development property. And preferably at least one monomer selected from the compound (b-1) having a cyclic structure and one ethylenically unsaturated group, and the diacrylate compound (b-2), ) And (b-2) are more preferably used in combination.
- Component (b-1) used in the present invention is a compound having a cyclic structure and one ethylenically unsaturated group.
- the component (b) include alicyclic structure-containing (meth) acrylates such as isobornyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, and dicyclopentanyl (meth) acrylate; Examples include benzyl (meth) acrylate, 4-butylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, acryloylmorpholine, vinylimidazole, vinylpyridine and the like. Furthermore, compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (3) can be given.
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 3 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- p is preferably Shows the number from 1 to 4.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are independent of each other and are H or CH 3 , and q is an integer of 1 to 5)
- component (b) examples include monomers having an N-vinyl group in that they are excellent in high hardness development, quick drying, adhesion, non-yellowing, and low viscosity development.
- monomers having an N-vinyl group include monomers having an N-vinyl group in that they are excellent in high hardness development, quick drying, adhesion, non-yellowing, and low viscosity development.
- N-vinylcaprolactam is preferred because of its excellent adhesiveness and low viscosity.
- the component (b-2) used in the present invention is a diacrylate monomer.
- the diacrylate monomer used in the present invention include ethylene glycol diacrylate, dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA), 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, and tetraethylene glycol diacrylate.
- Examples include acrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA), PO-modified neopentyl glycol diacrylate, and modified bisphenol A diacrylate.
- Dipropylene glycol diacrylate and tripropylene glycol diacrylate are preferred in terms of high hardness development, quick drying properties, and no yellowing.
- Denaturant Component (c) used in the present invention is a denaturant.
- the component (c) modifier has functions of improving adhesiveness and suppressing volume shrinkage in the coating composition for solar battery backsheet of the present invention. In particular, the contribution to the improvement of adhesion to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyester resin is remarkable.
- the modifier (c) include a polyol (c-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g; and a polyol (c-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g and an acid value of 2 to 20 mgKOH / g. -2); modified rubber (c-3); at least one selected from the group consisting of compound (c-4) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 700 g / mol.
- component (c) contributes to selective adhesive strength improvement for ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyester resin (adhered body).
- the (i) polyol (c-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g includes aromatic, aliphatic, polybutadiene, castor oil, polyisoprene, and the like. As long as it is any type, the selective adhesive force to the adherend is good.
- the hydroxyl value is preferably 40 to 330 mgKOH / g from the viewpoint of the selective adhesive strength, and more preferably 150 to 300 mgKOH / g.
- the polyol of component (c) can be used as a mixture of two or more if necessary.
- the “castor oil” is an oil containing a triester compound of ricinoleic acid and glycerin. Usually, it is a natural fat or oil or a processed natural fat or oil, but it may be a synthetic fat or oil if it contains the above compounds.
- the ricinoleic acid constituting the triester compound contained in this castor oil is preferably contained in an amount of 90 mol% or more of the fatty acids constituting the whole triester compound.
- the castor oil may be a processed product such as a hydrogenated product (usually hydrogenated to an intercarbon unsaturated bond in the ricinoleic acid skeleton). Usually, castor oil contains 90 mol% or more (including 100 mol%) of the above-described triester compound (in the case of a hydrogenated product, a hydrogenated product of the triester compound).
- the “castor oil-based polyol” is an ester compound of ricinoleic acid and / or hydrogenated ricinoleic acid and a polyhydric alcohol. If it has this structure, it may be a polyol obtained by using castor oil as a starting material, or a polyol obtained by using a raw material other than castor oil as a starting material. This polyhydric alcohol is not particularly limited.
- Castor oil-based polyols include polyols derived from castor oil and polyols obtained by modifying castor oil.
- the polyol derived from castor oil is a glycerin ester in which part of the ricinoleic acid is replaced with oleic acid, and ricinoleic acid obtained by saponifying castor oil is esterified with trimethylolpropane or other short molecular polyols.
- fatty acid ester polyols derived from castor oil such as a mixture of these and castor oil.
- polyols obtained by modifying castor oil include vegetable oil-modified polyols and modified polyols having an aromatic skeleton (such as bisphenol A).
- a vegetable oil-modified polyol is obtained by replacing a part of glycerin ester ricinoleic acid with a fatty acid obtained from other plants, for example, higher fatty acids such as linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid obtained from soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, etc. It is obtained.
- castor oil-based polyol (c-1-1) having a component (i) hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g is preferable from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention.
- an aromatic castor oil-based polyol (c-1-1-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g in terms of improving the toughness (impact resistance), flexibility and adhesion of the adhesive layer. ) is preferred. More preferably, it is 150 to 240 mg KOH / g.
- the component (c-1-1-1) is a modified polyol derived from castor oil having an aromatic skeleton (for example, bisphenol A).
- the component (c-1-1-1) is commercially available, and examples thereof include “URIC AC series” (Ito Oil Co., Ltd.).
- an adduct obtained by adding polyalkylene glycol and bisphenol A to ricinoleic acid has preferable adhesion to an adherend, and can be represented by, for example, the following formula (4).
- n represents an average number of 2 to 5.
- Modified polyols derived from castor oil represented by the above formula (4) are, for example, trade names URIC AC-005 (hydroxyl value 194 to 214 mg KOH / mg, viscosity 700 to 1500 mPa ⁇ s / 25 ° C.), AC-006 ( Hydroxyl value 168 to 187 mgKOH / mg, viscosity 3000 to 5000 mPa ⁇ s / 25 ° C., AC-008 (hydroxyl value 180 mgKOH / mg, viscosity 1600 mPa ⁇ s / 25 ° C.), AC-009 (hydroxyl value 225 mgKOH / mg, viscosity 1500 mPa -It can obtain from Ito Oil Co., Ltd. as s / 25 degreeC.
- polybutadiene-based polyol used in the present invention examples include homopolymers such as 1,2-polybutadiene polyol and 1,4-polybutadiene polyol, poly (pentadiene-butadiene) polyol, poly (butadiene-styrene) polyol, poly ( Examples thereof include copolymers such as butadiene / acrylonitrile) polyols, and hydrogenated polybutadiene-based polyols obtained by adding hydrogen to these polyols.
- Polybutadiene-based polyols are commercially available.
- the hydroxyl value of the (c-1-2) polybutadiene-based polyol is preferably 40 to 330 mgKOH / g, more preferably 40 to 110 mgKOH / g.
- the weight average molecular weight (GPC method) of the polybutadiene-based polyol is preferably 50 to 3000, and more preferably 800 to 1500.
- Examples of such component (c-1-3) include Polyip (registered trademark) (hydroxyl-terminated liquid polyisoprene) manufactured by Idemitsu. “Poly ip (registered trademark)” (hydroxyl value 46.6 mg KOH / mg, Mn 2500) is a polyisoprene type liquid polymer having a highly reactive hydroxyl group at the molecular end.
- An example of the hydrogenated product is Epole (registered trademark) (hydroxyl-terminated liquid polyolefin) manufactured by Idemitsu.
- Epol® hydroxyl value 50.5 mg KOH / mg, Mn 2500
- the epoxy polyol resin (c-1-4) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g used in the present invention is obtained by reacting an epoxy resin with an active hydrogen compound.
- epoxy resin used here examples include polyglycidyl ether compounds of mononuclear polyhydric phenol compounds such as hydroquinone, resorcin, pyrocatechol, and phloroglucinol; dihydroxynaphthalene, biphenol, methylene bisphenol (bisphenol F), methylene bis ( Orthocresol), ethylidene bisphenol, isopropylidene bisphenol (bisphenol A), isopropylidene bis (orthocresol), tetrabromobisphenol A, 1,3-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,4-bis (4- Hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,1,3-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 1,1,2,2-tetra (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, thiobisphenol, sulfobis Polyglycidyl ether compounds of polynuclear polyhydric phenol compounds such as enol, oxybisphenol, phenol novolak,
- Gurishijiruami An epoxy compound having a hydrogen group; vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, dicyclopentanediene diepoxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-6- Epoxidized products of cyclic olefin compounds such as methylcyclohexanecarboxylate and bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate; epoxidized conjugated diene polymers such as epoxidized polybutadiene and epoxidized styrene-butadiene copolymer, Examples include heterocyclic compounds such as triglycidyl isocyanurate. In addition, these epoxy resins may be internally crosslinked by a prepolymer of terminal isocyanate.
- biphenol methylene bisphenol (bisphenol F), methylene bis (orthocresol), ethylidene bisphenol (bisphenol AD), isopropylidene bisphenol (bisphenol A), isopropylidene bis (orthocresol), tetrabromobisphenol A
- bisphenol-type epoxy resins such as polyglycidyl ether compounds such as 1,3-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene) and 1,4-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene) It is preferable because an excellent coating film can be formed.
- An epoxy polyol resin (c-1-4) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g is obtained by reacting an epoxy group of the epoxy resin with an active hydrogen compound such as a carboxylic acid compound, a polyol or an amino compound. It is what
- carboxylic acid compound examples include acetic acid, propionic acid, 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, octylic acid, ricinoleic acid, lauric acid, benzoic acid, toluic acid, cinnamic acid, phenyl Aliphatic, aromatic or cycloaliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as acetic acid and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, dimer acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, Examples include hexahydro acid and hydroxypolycarboxylic acid.
- polyol examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propylene glycol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-octadecanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol
- amino compounds examples include dialkylamine compounds such as dibutylamine and dioctylamine; alkanolamine compounds such as methylethanolamine, butylethanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, and dimethylaminopropylethanolamine; morpholine, piperidine, 4-methylpiperazine And heterocyclic amine compounds such as
- alkanolamine compounds such as diethanolamine are preferable.
- the epoxy resin can be chain-extended with a compound having two or more active hydrogen groups such as monoethanolamine and monoisopropanolamine.
- a normal method of adding the active hydrogen compound to the epoxy resin can be employed.
- a known catalyst such as a tertiary amine compound or a phosphonium salt.
- a method in which both are heated to 60 to 200 ° C. and reacted for 3 to 10 hours can be used.
- a preferable hydroxyl value of the epoxy polyol resin (c-1-4) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g is 100 to 140 mgKOH / g from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention.
- Examples of the epoxy polyol resin (c-1-4) having (i) a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mgKOH / g include EPICLON U-125-60BT (hydroxyl value 100 to 140 mgKOH / g) manufactured by DIC Corporation.
- the polyol (c-2) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mg KOH / g and (ii) an acid value of 2 to 20 mg KOH / g is aromatic, aliphatic or castor oil-based. Even when the hydroxyl value of (i) and the acid value of (ii) are satisfied, the selective adhesion to the adherend is improved.
- the hydroxyl value of (i) is more preferably 230 to 300 mgKOH / g.
- the acid value of (ii) is more preferably 4 to 15 mg KOH / g.
- a castor oil-based polyol (c-2-1) having a hydroxyl value of 40 to 330 mg KOH / g and (ii) an acid value of 2 to 20 mg KOH / g is a polyol derived from castor oil. As disclosed in JP-A-2005-89712, it contains a castor oil-based polyol derived from ricinoleic acid, an acidic phosphate ester compound having a total carbon number of 12 or more, and, if necessary, terpene phenols Polyol compositions can also be used. These can be obtained from Ito Refinery under the trade names URIC H-1262 and H2151U, for example.
- the Ito Oil URIC H-1262 is a polyol containing a castor oil-based polyol and an acidic phosphate compound having a total carbon number of 12 or more (viscosity: 3,500 to 8,500 mPa ⁇ s / 25 ° C., hydroxyl value: 240 to 290 (unit mgKOH / g), acid value: 4 to 15 (unit mgKOH / g)), excellent adhesion to an adherend, particularly excellent metal adhesion and hydrolysis resistance.
- the Ito Oil URIC H-2151U is a polyol containing a castor oil-based polyol, an acidic phosphate compound having 12 or more carbon atoms and terpene phenols (viscosity: 3,500 to 8,500 mPa ⁇ s / 25). ° C, hydroxyl value: 240 to 290 (unit mgKOH / g), acid value: 4 to 15 (unit mgKOH / g)), excellent adhesion to adherends, especially metal adhesion and hydrolysis resistance Excellent.
- the modified rubber (c-3) will be described.
- Examples of the modified rubber (c-3) used in the present invention include (c-3-1) liquid carboxylated polyisoprene and (c-3-2) carboxylated polybutadiene.
- (C-3-1) Carboxylated Polyisoprene
- the carboxylated polyisoprene (c-3-1) used in the present invention functions to improve the wettability of the adherend surface and improve the adhesion.
- Examples of the component (c-3-1) include LIR-420 manufactured by Kuraray as maleated polyisoprene.
- the carboxylated polybutadiene (c) used in the present invention has an action of improving adhesion to an adherend.
- Component (c-3-2) is a liquid liquid which is transparent at room temperature, and has a main chain microstructure of polybutadiene consisting of vinyl 1,2-bond type, trans 1,4-bond type, cis 1,4-bond type. It is a polymer.
- the vinyl 1,2-bond is preferably 30% by weight or less, and if the vinyl 1,2-bond exceeds 30% by weight, the storage stability of the resulting coating composition for solar battery backsheets is increased. Since it gets worse, it is not preferable.
- the cis 1,4-bond is preferably 40% by weight or more, and if the cis 1,4-bond is less than 40% by weight, the adhesiveness of the resulting coating composition for solar battery backsheet is lowered. It is not preferable.
- the carboxylated polybutadiene (c-3-2) component is obtained by reacting liquid polybutadiene with a carboxyl group-introducing compound, and the ratio of 1,3-butadiene and carboxyl group-introducing compound constituting the liquid polybutadiene is 1,3. -80 to 98% by weight of butadiene and 2 to 20% by weight of the carboxyl group-introducing compound are preferred.
- the liquid polybutadiene used in the reaction preferably has a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, more preferably 1,000 to 7,000, and a wide molecular weight distribution.
- the liquid polybutadiene more preferably has an iodine value measured according to DIN 53241, iodine of 30 to 500 g / 100 g of substance.
- the liquid polybutadiene preferably has a molecular structure of 70 to 90% cis-double bonds, 10 to 30% trans-double bonds and 0 to 3% vinyl double bonds.
- an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxy compound such as an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, its anhydride or monoester
- the compound include maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, 3,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid, itaconic anhydride, 1,2-dimethylmaleic anhydride, maleic acid monomethyl ester and maleic acid monoethyl ester. be able to.
- maleic anhydride is preferred for reasons of safety, economy and reactivity. (Maleed polybutadiene is preferred.)
- Production of a polybutadiene / maleic anhydride-addition product comprising polybutadiene and maleic anhydride can be carried out by a known method.
- the acid value of maleated liquid polybutadiene according to DIN ISO 3682 is preferably 50 to 120 (mgKOH / g), more preferably 70 to 90 (mgKOH / g).
- the acid value is less than 50 (mgKOH / g)
- the adhesiveness of the resulting solar cell backsheet coating composition decreases, and when it exceeds 120 (mgKOH / g), the solar cell backsheet coating composition obtained Viscosity increases and workability decreases.
- the maleation rate of the maleated liquid polybutadiene is related to the viscosity, but is preferably 6 to 20%, more preferably 6 to 15%, and still more preferably 7 to 10%.
- the viscosity (20 ° C.) of maleated liquid polybutadiene measured by DIN 53214 is preferably 3 to 16 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 5 to 13 Pa ⁇ s, and further preferably 6 to 9 Pa ⁇ s.
- maleated liquid polybutadiene has a vinyl-double bond of 30% or less, and those having a cis-double bond in the above range have higher flexibility than liquid polybutadiene in which the cis-double bond is less than the above lower limit. And has a high maleation rate (acid value) as described above. Therefore, the obtained coating composition for a solar battery back sheet is rich in adhesiveness and sufficiently polarized, so that it can be made more flexible and the flexibility can be easily adjusted.
- Liquid polybutadiene having a cis-double bond less than the above lower limit rapidly increases in viscosity as the maleation rate increases, but those having a cis-double bond in the above range have a small increase in viscosity.
- the viscosity is low as in the above range, the reactivity is increased and workability is improved. Moreover, since the obtained coating composition for solar battery backsheets can be directly UV-coated on a polyester resin, it is excellent in terms of workability and man-hour reduction.
- Examples of commercially available maleated liquid polybutadiene include Degussa's POLYVEST OC 800S (registered trademark) and 1200S.
- One form of the compound (c-4) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 700 g / mol used in the present invention is a polyepoxy compound (c-4-1) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 250 g / mol. .
- Examples of the polyepoxy compound (c-4-1) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 250 g / mol in the coating composition of the present invention include mononuclear polyvalent compounds such as hydroquinone, resorcin, pyrocatechol, and phloroglucinol.
- Polyglycidyl ether compounds of phenol compounds dihydroxynaphthalene, biphenol, methylene bisphenol (bisphenol F), methylene bis (orthocresol), ethylidene bisphenol, isopropylidene bisphenol (bisphenol A), isopropylidene bis (orthocresol), tetrabromobisphenol A, 1,3-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,4-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,1,3-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 1,1, , 2-tetra (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, thiobisphenol, sulfobisphenol, oxybisphenol, phenol novolak, orthocresol novolak, ethylphenol novolak, butylphenol novolak, octylphenol novolak, resorcin novolak, terpene phenol, etc.
- Examples of the polyepoxy compound (c-4-1) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 250 g / mol used in the present invention include biphenol, methylene bisphenol (bisphenol F), methylene bis (orthocresol), ethylidene bisphenol, isopropyl Ridenbisphenol (bisphenol A), isopropylidenebis (orthocresol), tetrabromobisphenol A, 1,3-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1,4-bis (4-hydroxycumylbenzene), 1, Polyphenols of bisphenol compounds such as 1,3-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 1,1,2,2-tetra (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, thiobisphenol, sulfobisphenol, oxybisphenol, terpene diphenol Glycidyl Jill ether is more preferable in terms of adhesion.
- polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol compounds having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 250 g / mol examples include Adeka Resin EP-4100E (Asahi Denka Kogyo; bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, epoxy equivalent 190).
- Another form of the compound (c-4) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 700 g / mol used in the present invention is a polyolefin polymer (c-4-2) having an epoxy equivalent of 500 to 700 g / mol. It is.
- a polyolefin polymer having a hydroxyl group at one end and having an epoxy group introduced is preferred. More preferably, it is liquid.
- a specific example of the polymer (c-4) having an epoxy equivalent of 150 to 700 g / mol is Kuraray L-207 (same as KRATON LIQUID TM L-207 POLYMER).
- L-207 has a fully saturated skeleton (epoxidized ethylene / propylene / ethylene / butylene-OH structure) having an epoxy equivalent of 590 g / mol, a hydroxyl equivalent of 7000 g / mol, and a glass transition temperature of ⁇ 53 ° C. It is a coalesced and is preferable in terms of adhesiveness as a reason for use in the present invention.
- the coating composition for a solar battery backsheet of the present invention comprises (d) an ultraviolet curing agent as an essential component.
- the oligomer component for example, vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester resin (a)
- the oligomer component has a double bond such as a (meth) acryloyl group.
- it can be easily cured in a short time by ultraviolet irradiation using a high-pressure mercury lamp or the like.
- ultraviolet curing agent examples include benzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, acetophenone, benzoin, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin-n-propyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin-n-butyl ether.
- Benzoin isobutyl ether benzyl-1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyl sulfide, thioxanthone, Examples thereof include bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide, 2-chlorothixant and the like.
- the coating composition for a solar battery backsheet of the present invention comprises (e) a white colorant as an essential component.
- the component (e) include basic lead carbonate, basic lead sulfate, basic lead silicate, zinc white (specific gravity 5.47 to 5.61), zinc sulfide (specific gravity 4.1), lithopone, and trioxide.
- Antimony specifically gravity 5.5 to 5.6
- titanium dioxide specifically gravity 4.2
- graphite specifically gravity 3.3
- component (e) titanium dioxide or zinc sulfide is preferably used as a main component. Particularly preferred is titanium dioxide.
- Titanium dioxide is classified into a tetragonal type and an orthorhombic type depending on the crystal lattice. Tetragonal type further includes anatase type (low temperature type) and rutile type (high temperature type), and orthorhombic type includes brookite type. In the present invention, it is preferable to use rutile type titanium dioxide in which the photocatalytic action is inactivated.
- the shape of the component (e) may be a spherical structure, an elliptical structure, a needle-like structure, a polygonal structure, or an amorphous structure.
- the particle diameter of the component (e) is not particularly limited as long as it is smaller than the thickness of the cured paint, and for example, when the thickness of the cured paint is about 10 to 30 ⁇ m, By making the particle diameter about 0.01 to 3.0 ⁇ m, the adhesion to the adherend can be suitably maintained.
- the component (a) is blended in an amount of 10 to 40% by mass from the viewpoint of water vapor barrier property, adhesiveness, transparency, and low viscosity expression.
- a more preferable blending ratio of component (a) is 15 to 35% by mass in terms of water vapor barrier properties and adhesiveness.
- the component (b) is blended in an amount of 30 to 70% by mass from the viewpoint of low viscosity expression, adhesiveness, and transparency.
- a more preferable amount of component (b) is 40 to 65% by mass in terms of low viscosity expression, adhesiveness, and transparency. Adhesiveness will fall when the compounding quantity of a component (b) exceeds 70 mass%. Moreover, if it is less than 30 mass%, a viscosity will deteriorate.
- the component (c) is blended in an amount of 5 to 40% by mass from the viewpoints of adhesiveness, transparency and low viscosity. Further, the blending ratio of the component (c) is 10 to 30% by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 25% by mass in terms of adhesiveness and low viscosity. When the compounding amount of the component (c) exceeds 40% by mass, adhesiveness, transparency and viscosity are deteriorated. Moreover, if it is less than 5 mass%, adhesiveness will fall.
- the component (d) is prepared from the above-mentioned components (a) to (a) from the viewpoint of practical photocuring time (irradiation intensity of 500 mJ / cm 2 for 10 seconds or less). 0.1 to 15 parts by mass is blended with respect to 100 parts in total of c).
- the amount of the component (d) is more preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 5 parts by weight in terms of practical photocuring time (irradiation intensity of 500 mJ / cm 2 for 3 seconds or less). Part.
- the compounding amount of the component (d) exceeds 15 parts by mass, transparency and volume shrinkage decrease. Moreover, if it is less than 0.1 mass part, since photocuring is inadequate, it is inferior to adhesiveness and water vapor
- the component (e) is blended in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts of the components (a) to (c) from the viewpoint of energy efficiency due to sunlight reflection. Is done. If it exceeds 20 parts by mass, paintability, adhesiveness, curability, and water resistance deteriorate. If it is less than 5 parts by mass, the reflection efficiency of sunlight deteriorates.
- a preferable optional component is a flame retardant.
- the flame retardant include phosphorus flame retardant, bromine flame retardant, chlorine flame retardant, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate and the like.
- the amount of the flame retardant is 50 to 160 parts by mass, preferably 80 to 140 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the components (a) to (c).
- the paint of the present invention can be directly coated on a polyester-based resin substrate (film). If problems such as cost allow, a stronger adhesion can be obtained with a primer layer.
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. of the coating composition for solar battery backsheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3,000 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 100 to 2,000 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is within this range, stable storage stability that does not separate with time changes is obtained, bubbles are not easily generated, and smooth surface properties can be obtained.
- the viscosity can be measured with a B-type viscometer.
- component (b) and (c) are added to a component (a) as a reactive diluent to the container provided with the stirrer, for example.
- a component (a) as a reactive diluent to the container provided with the stirrer, for example.
- the component (b) is added to the component (a) and sufficiently stirred at room temperature. If the viscosity is too high, stirring may be performed while heating at 100 ° C. or lower. If it exceeds 100 ° C., the vapor generation of the component (b) becomes remarkable, which is not preferable in the working environment. Thereafter, after adding component (c) and stirring, when the liquid temperature reaches room temperature, component (d) is added, and the mixture is sufficiently stirred so as not to remain undissolved.
- the timing of adding the component (e) is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to add the component (e) last because the component (e) can be uniformly dispersed. When adding other components, add them at the end and stir well.
- the coating composition for solar battery backsheet obtained by stirring is quickly processed or stored in a cool and dark place.
- the solar cell backsheet of the present invention comprises a layer (A) of the coating composition for solar cell backsheet, A layer (B) made of a polyester resin is included.
- the solar cell backsheet of the present invention has a layer (A) of the solar cell backsheet coating composition on a layer (B) made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a polyester resin.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the method for producing the solar cell backsheet of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is in accordance with a conventionally known production method. For example, first, on the layer (B) made of a polyester resin (preferably polyethylene terephthalate PET). Next, the layer (A) of the coating composition for solar battery backsheet is applied.
- Coating methods include spin coating, (doctor) knife coating, micro gravure coating, direct gravure coating, offset gravure, reverse gravure, reverse roll coating, (Meyer) bar coating, and die coating
- a method such as spray coating or dip coating can be preferably applied.
- a manual spinner ASS-301 type manufactured by Able Co., Ltd.
- the thickness of the layer (A) (cured coating film) of the coating composition is not particularly limited, but is about 2 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and more preferably about 8 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the coating thickness and the film thickness after curing are not significantly different because there is little shrinkage during curing.
- the layer (A) of the coating composition is cured by ultraviolet irradiation to prepare a solar battery back sheet.
- the sealing material layer which consists of EVA is formed on the solar cell backsheet of this invention. Solar cells are included in the encapsulant layer.
- a conventionally known method may be followed, and is not particularly limited, but is laminated in the order of tempered glass / EVA sheet / solar cell / EVA sheet / solar cell backsheet of the present invention, Heat bonding is performed using a vacuum laminating method.
- the above solar cell backsheet preparation method and solar cell module preparation method are merely examples, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications.
- the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows.
- Component (b) Compound having a cyclic structure and one ethylenically unsaturated group
- Component (c) Modifier (c-1-2) Polybutadiene polyol manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., Poly bd R-15HT Viscosity: 1.5 Pa ⁇ s / 30 ° C., hydroxyl value: 102.7 mg KOH / g (C-1-1-1) Aromatic castor oil-based polyol manufactured by Ito Oil Co., Ltd., URIC (trademark) AC-006, a polyol derived from castor oil represented by the above formula (4), viscosity: 0.7 to 1.5 Pa ⁇ s / 25 ° C., hydroxyl value: 194 to 214 mg KOH / g (C-1-3) Polyisoprene-based polyol manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
- Epol (trademark) hydroxyl terminated liquid polyolefin (viscosity (Pa ⁇ s / 30 ° C) 75, hydroxyl value (mgKOH / g) 50.5, number average Molecular weight 2500) (C-3-1) Maleinized polyisoprene Kuraray LIR-420 (acid value (mgKOH / g) 40) (C-3-2) Maleic acid-modified polybutadiene SARTOMER Ricon130MA8 (viscosity (Pa ⁇ s / 30 ° C) 6.5, acid value (mgKOH / g) 46, number average molecular weight 2700) (C-3-2) Maleic acid-modified polybutadiene POLYVEST TM OC 800 S manufactured by EVONIK (1,4-cis double bond in polybutadiene: 75%, 1,4-trans double bond: 24%, vinyl bond: 1%, maleation ratio: 7.5 %, Number average molecular weight: 3300
- the characteristics of each polyol were measured as follows.
- -Viscosity measurement method The viscometer is measured using a single cylindrical rotational viscometer (B type TVC--5) according to JIS K7117-1. 1.
- a 500ml beaker (standard) is used for the measuring instrument.
- the standard rotor is selected from two types: M1 to M4 rotors for low and medium viscosity and H1 to H7 rotors for medium and high viscosity.
- Hydroxyl value measurement method Hydroxyl value is included in 1g of sample. This is the number of mg of potassium hydroxide required to acetylate the OH group. According to JIS K 1557-1, OH groups in the sample are acetylated using acetic anhydride, and acetic acid not used is titrated with potassium hydroxide solution.
- A Amount of 0.5 mol / l potassium hydroxide ethanol solution used for the blank test (ml)
- B 0.5mol / l potassium hydroxide ethanol solution used for titration (ml)
- f Factor
- -Acid value measuring method It represents with the mg number of potassium hydroxide required to neutralize the acidic component contained in 1g of sample oils.
- End-point pH measurement Take 10 mL of buffer stock solution B in a 200-mL beaker, add 100 mL of titration solvent, immerse the electrode, and use the pH that changes within 0.1 pH within 30 seconds as the buffer end point.
- Measurement of acid value 1. Weigh accurately 20 g of sample into a 200 mL beaker. 2. Add 125mL of toluene / 2-propanol / pure water mixed solvent and titrate with 0.1mol / L potassium hydroxide titrant.
- UV curing agent i) Photopolymerization initiator CIBA, IRGACURE TM 819, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide
- a coating composition was applied on polyethylene terephthalate PET (trade name EMC307 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) (dimensions: 150 mm ⁇ 25 mm ⁇ thickness 1 mm) by spin coating (coating thickness 15-20 ⁇ m).
- the laminate was prepared by irradiating and curing ultraviolet rays having an energy of 500 mJ / cm 2 .
- an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA (trade name KA-30, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 28% vinyl acetate content) (dimensions: 150 mm ⁇ 25 mm ⁇ thickness 1 mm) is applied by spin coating.
- the composition was applied (application thickness: 15 to 20 ⁇ m), and this was cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays having an energy of 500 mJ / cm 2 under air to prepare a laminate.
- the obtained laminate was subjected to the following cross-cut tape test.
- Adhesion test cross-cut tape test
- the measurement was performed as follows in accordance with the cross cut tape test method described in Japanese Industrial Standard K5400.
- Cross-cut tape test Cross-cut tape test (Cross-cut Test, coating thickness 15-20 ⁇ m (spin coating method)): Using a cutter knife on the test surface (coating composition layer (A) side), a 1 ⁇ 1mm square cross-cut Make a cut. Use the cutter guide.
- Adhesion test for different materials (polyester resin vs ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer)
- the adhesion test between different materials was performed by measuring the shear adhesive force as shown below.
- the results are shown in Tables 1-7.
- the coating composition is applied to a layer (B1) of polyethylene terephthalate PET (trade name EMC307 manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) having dimensions of 150 mm ⁇ 1 mm thickness ⁇ 25 mm width by a spin coating method (application thickness: 15 to 20 ⁇ m).
- an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA (trade name KA-30, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) having the same dimensions as (B1) shown in Tables 1 to 8 is formed on the product layer (A).
- a layer (B2) having a vinyl acetate content of 28% was pressure-bonded and UV-irradiated from the side of the layer (B1) (wavelength: 325 nm, integrated irradiation intensity: 50 mJ / cm 2 ) to prepare a laminate. . Thereafter, the layer (B2) was pulled in a direction parallel to the bonding surface of the layer (A), and the tensile strength at break was measured. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 7 as PET vs EVA.
- Examples 1 to 21 of the present invention components (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are blended with a specific quantitative relationship.
- EVA and polyester resin which are sealing materials for solar cells, it has excellent properties such as water vapor barrier properties, weather resistance, flame retardancy, light reflectivity, and light diffusibility, and low
- a coating composition for a solar battery back sheet that is excellent in design and cost and has a high protective ability.
- the amount of component (a) is less than the lower limit specified in the present invention, and the amount of component (b) exceeds the upper limit specified in the present invention.
- Comparative Example 4 since the blending amount of the component (c) exceeds the upper limit defined in the present invention, the viscosity is increased, the adhesion to the adherend is deteriorated, and the adhesion to different materials and the water resistance are also deteriorated. . Comparative Example 5 was not cured because the amount of component (d) was less than the lower limit specified in the present invention. In Comparative Example 6, since the blending amount of the component (d) exceeds the upper limit specified in the present invention, the adhesiveness to the adherend deteriorates, and the adhesiveness to different materials, water resistance, weather resistance, flame retardancy The sex also deteriorated.
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Abstract
Description
1.(a)ビニルエステル樹脂または不飽和ポリエステル樹脂 10~40質量%
(b)ビニルモノマーおよび/または(メタ)アクリレートモノマー 30~70質量%
(c)変性剤 5~40質量%、
(ただし、前記成分(a)~(c)の合計は100質量%である)
および
(d)紫外線硬化剤 前記成分(a)~(c)の合計100質量部に対し0.1~15質量部、
(e)白色着色剤 (a)~(c)の合計100質量部に対し5~20質量部、
を含有する太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
2.前記成分(a)が、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートであることを特徴とする前記1に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
3.前記成分(b)が、N-ビニル基を有するモノマーであることを特徴とする前記1または2に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
4.前記成分(c)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリオール(c-1);および水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるポリオール(c-2);変性ゴム(c-3);エポキシ当量が150~700g/モルである化合物(c-4)からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする前記1~3のいずれかに記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
5.前記成分(c-1)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-1-1);水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリブタジエン系ポリオール(c-1-2);および水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリイソプレン系ポリオールまたはその水素添加物(c-1-3)からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする前記4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
6.前記成分(c-1)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gの芳香族系ヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-1-1-1)であることを特徴とする前記5に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
7.前記成分(c-2)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-2-1)であることを特徴とする前記4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
8.前記成分(c-3)が酸変性ポリブタジエンまたは酸変性ポリイソプレンであることを特徴とする前記4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
9.前記成分(c-4)がエポキシ当量が150~250g/モルであるポリエポキシ化合物(c-4-1)であることを特徴とする前記4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
10.前記成分(c-4)がエポキシ当量が500~700g/モルである飽和骨格を持つ重合体(c-4-2)であることを特徴とする前記4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
11.被着体が、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体およびポリエステル系樹脂から選択された少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする前記1~10のいずれかに記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
12.前記1~11のいずれかに記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の層(A)と、ポリエステル系樹脂からなる層(B)を含む太陽電池バックシート。
また本発明の太陽電池バックシートは、太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の層(A)と、ポリエステル系樹脂からなる層(B)を含むものであるので、太陽電池セルの封止材であるEVA等との接着性が良好であるとともに、前記層(A)および層(B)間の接着性も良好であり、且つ、水蒸気バリア性、耐候性、難燃性、光反射性、光拡散性等の諸特性に優れ、低コストで意匠性に優れ、保護能力の高いものである。
(a)ビニルエステル樹脂または不飽和ポリエステル樹脂
本発明の塗料組成物の成分(a)は、ビニルエステル樹脂または不飽和ポリエステル樹脂である。
ビニルエステル樹脂として、具体的にはウレタン(メタ)アクリレート樹脂、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂、ポリエステル(メタ)アクリレート樹脂から選択されるものであり、より好ましくは、太陽電池セルの封止材であるEVA等およびポリエステル系樹脂に対する接着性(以下、被着体に対する接着性、あるいは、単に接着性ということがある)、耐候性に優れることから、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂がよい。なお本発明でいう(メタ)アクリレートとは、アクリレートまたはメタクリレートを指す。
このポリオールは、代表的にはポリエーテルポリオール、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリカ-ボネ-トポリオール、ポリブタジエンポリオール等が挙げられ、単独または2種以上を併用して用いられる。
本発明の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の成分(b)は、ビニルモノマーおよび/または(メタ)アクリレートモノマーである。具体的例としては、例えば、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリオキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートトリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イソシアヌレートジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメタノールジ(メタ)アクリレートが挙げられる。
本発明で用いられる成分(b-1)は、環状構造および1個のエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物である。
成分(b)としては、例えば、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、ボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカニル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロペンタニル(メタ)アクリレート等の脂環式構造含有(メタ)アクリレート;ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、4-ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、アクリロイルモルホリン、ビニルイミダゾール、ビニルピリジン等が挙げられる。
さらに、下記式(1)~(3)で表される化合物を挙げることができる。
本発明で用いられるジアクリレートモノマーとしては、エチレングリコールジアクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート(DPGDA)、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート(HDDA)、1,4-ブタンジオールジアクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート(TPGDA)、PO変性ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、変性ビスフェノールAジアクリレート等を挙げる事ができる。高硬度発現性、速乾燥性、無黄変性の点において、ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレートが好ましい。
成分(b)と成分(e)を上記割合で併用する場合は白色度と接着性のバランスが優れる。
本発明で用いられる成分(c)は、変性剤である。
成分(c)変性剤は、本発明の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物において接着性向上、体積収縮抑制の機能を有する。特にエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)およびポリエステル系樹脂に対する接着性向上への寄与が顕著である。
変性剤(c)としては、例えば、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリオール(c-1);および水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるポリオール(c-2);変性ゴム(c-3);エポキシ当量が150~700g/モルである化合物(c-4)からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
(i)水酸基価は40~330mgKOH/gであるのが上記選択的接着力の点で好ましく、150~300mgKOH/gであるのがさらに好ましい。
(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-1-1)
(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリブタジエン系ポリオール(c-1-2)
(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリイソプレン系ポリオールまたはその水素添加物(c-1-3)
(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのエポキシポリオール樹脂(c-1-4)
が挙げられる。
さらに、接着層の強靭性(耐衝撃性)、柔軟性、及び接着性を向上させる点で(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gの芳香族系ヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-1-1-1)が好ましい。より好ましくは、150~240mgKOH/gである。
ポリブタジエン系ポリオールは市販されており、例えば、出光興産(株)製の「Poly bd R-15HT(水酸基価102.7mgKOH/mg、Mw1200)」、「Poly bd R-45HT(水酸基価46.6mgKOH/mg、Mw2800)」等が挙げられる。
また、本発明の効果の点から(c-1-2)ポリブタジエン系ポリオールの水酸基価は40~330mgKOH/gであるのが好ましく、40~110mgKOH/gであるのがさらに好ましい。
(c-1-2)ポリブタジエン系ポリオールの重量平均分子量(GPC法)は、50~3000であるのが好ましく、800~1500であるのがさらに好ましい。
水素添加物としては、出光社のエポール(登録商標)(水酸基末端液状ポリオレフィン)が挙げられる。「エポール(登録商標)」(水酸基価50.5mgKOH/mg、Mn2500)は、「Poly ip(登録商標)」に水添して得られる液状のポリオレフィンである。分子内に二重結合はほとんど残っていない。
(i)の水酸基価は、230~300mgKOH/gであるのがさらに好ましい。
(ii)の酸価は、4~15mgKOH/gであるのがさらに好ましい。
(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ(ii)酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるポリオール(c-2)としては、
(i)水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ(ii)酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-2-1)
が例示される。
また、上記伊藤製油 URIC H-2151Uは、ヒマシ油系ポリオールと全炭素数が12以上の酸性リン酸エステル化合物とテルペンフェノール類を含有するポリオール (粘度:3,500~8,500mPa・s/25℃、水酸基価:240~290(単位mgKOH/g)、酸価:4~15(単位mgKOH/g))であり、被着体に対する接着性に優れ、特に金属接着性、耐加水分解性に優れる。
本発明で使用される変性ゴム(c-3)としては、(c-3-1)液状のカルボキシル化ポリイソプレンおよび(c-3-2)カルボキシル化ポリブタジエンが挙げられる。
本発明で使用されるカルボキシル化ポリイソプレン(c-3-1)は、被着体表面のぬれ性を向上させ、接着性を向上させる機能を果たす。
成分(c-3-1)としては、例えばマレイン化ポリイソプレンとしてクラレ社製のLIR-420が挙げられる。
本発明で使用されるカルボキシル化ポリブタジエン(c)は、被着体に対する接着性を向上する作用を有する。
成分(c-3-2)は、ポリブタジエンにおける主鎖のミクロ構造がビニル1,2-結合型、トランス1,4-結合型、シス1,4-結合型からなる、室温において透明な液状の重合体である。ここで、ビニル1,2-結合は30重量%以下であることが好ましく、ビニル1,2-結合が30重量%を超えては、得られる太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の貯蔵安定性が悪化するため好ましくない。また、シス1,4-結合は、40重量%以上であることが好ましく、シス1,4-結合が40重量%未満では、得られる太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の接着性が低下するため好ましくない。
シス-二重結合が上記下限未満である液状ポリブタジエンはマレイン化率上昇と共に急激に粘度が上昇するが、シス-二重結合が上記範囲にあるものは粘度上昇が少ない。粘度が上記範囲のように低いことから、反応性が高くなり作業性が向上する。また、得られる太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物はポリエステル系樹脂に直接UVコート可能なため、作業性・工数削減の点で優れる。
本発明の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物は、(d)紫外線硬化剤を必須成分とする。
本発明の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物は、(e)白色着色剤を必須成分とする。
成分(e)としては、例えば、塩基性炭酸鉛、塩基性硫酸鉛、塩基性珪酸鉛、亜鉛華(比重5.47~5.61)、硫化亜鉛(比重4.1)、リトポン、三酸化アンチモン(比重5.5~5.6)、二酸化チタン(比重4.2)、黒鉛(比重3.3)等を挙げることができる。これらの成分は1種を使用してもよいし、2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
成分(e)としては、二酸化チタンまたは硫化亜鉛を主成分として使用することが好ましい。とくに好ましくは二酸化チタンである。二酸化チタンはその結晶格子の違いにより、正方晶型と斜方晶型とに分類される。正方晶型には、さらにアナターゼ型(低温型)とルチル型(高温型)が挙げられ、斜方晶型としてはブルッカイト型が挙げられる。本発明においては、光触媒作用が不活性化されたルチル型の二酸化チタンを使用することが好ましい。
成分(e)の形状は、球状構造であってもよいし、楕円状構造、針状構造、多角形体構造、不定形構造であってもよい。
成分(e)の粒子径は、硬化後の塗料の厚さよりも小さいものであればよいのであって、特に制限されないが、例えば、硬化後の塗料の厚さが10~30μm程度である時、粒子径を0.01~3.0μm程度にすることにより、被着体に対する接着性を好適に維持することができる
本発明の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物において、成分(a)は、水蒸気バリア性、接着性、透明性、低粘度発現性の観点から、10~40質量%配合される。さらに好ましい成分(a)の配合割合は、水蒸気バリア性、接着性の点で15~35質量%である。
成分(a)の配合量が40質量%を超えると粘度、接着性が悪化する。10質量%未満では接着性、耐水性が悪化する。
成分(b)の配合量が70質量%を超えると接着性が低下する。また、30質量%未満では粘度が悪化する。
成分(c)の配合量が40質量%を超えると接着性、透明性、粘度が悪化する。また、5質量%未満では接着性が低下する。
成分(d)の配合量が15質量部を超えると透明性、体積収縮が低下する。また、0.1質量部未満では光硬化が不十分であることから接着性、水蒸気バリア性に劣る。
20質量部を超えると、塗装性、接着性、硬化性、耐水性が悪化する。
5質量部未満では、太陽光の反射効率が悪化する。
中でも好ましい任意成分は、難燃剤である。
難燃剤としては、例えば例えば、リン系難燃剤、臭素系難燃剤、塩素系難燃剤、その他水酸化アルミニウム、ホウ酸亜鉛等が挙げられる。
難燃剤を使用する場合、その配合量は、前記成分(a)~(c)の合計100質量部に対し、50~160質量部、好ましくは80~140質量部である。
その他の成分を添加する場合は、最後に添加し、十分に攪拌する。
攪拌して得られた太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物は、速やかに加工するか、冷暗所に保存する。
ポリエステル系樹脂からなる層(B)を含む。好適な形態では、本発明の太陽電池バックシートは、ポリエステル系樹脂としてポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)からなる層(B)上に、太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の層(A)を有する。
本発明の太陽電池バックシートの製造方法は、従来から公知の製造方法に従えばよく、とくに制限されないが、例えば、まず、ポリエステル系樹脂(好適にはポリエチレンテレフタレートPET)からなる層(B)上に、太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の層(A)を塗工する。塗工方法としては、、スピンコート法、(ドクター)ナイフコート法、マイクログラビヤコート法、ダイレクトグラビヤコート法、オフセットグラビヤ法、リバースグラビヤ法、リバースロールコート法、(マイヤー) バーコート法、ダイコート法、スプレーコート法、ディップコート法等の方法が好ましく適用できる。例えばスピンコート法の装置としてマニュアルスピナー((株)エイブル製ASS-301型))が挙げられる。
塗料組成物の層(A)(硬化塗膜)の厚みは、特に限定されないが2μm~50μm、好ましくは5μm~30μm、更に好ましくは8μm~20μm程度である。(本発明の塗料組成物は無溶剤(揮発性)で配合する場合は硬化時の収縮が少ないため塗布厚と硬化後の膜厚は大きく差異がない。)この塗膜厚みに調整することにより、透明性に優れ、硬化収縮による樹脂成形体の反りの強さを緩和し、またバインダー樹脂成分の未硬化による表面硬度の低下を防止することができる。
次に、塗料組成物の層(A)を紫外線照射により硬化させ、太陽電池バックシートを調製する。
続いて、太陽電池モジュールを作成する場合は、本発明の太陽電池バックシート上に、EVAからなる封止材層を形成する。封止材層中には太陽電池セルが含まれる。封止材層の形成方法としては、従来から公知の方法に従えばよく、とくに制限されないが、強化ガラス/EVAシート/太陽電池セル/EVAシート/本発明の太陽電池バックシートの順に積層し、真空ラミネート法を用いて加熱接着させる。
なお、上記の太陽電池バックシートの調製方法および太陽電池モジュールの調製方法は、単に一例を示すものであり、当業者であれば種々の変更が可能である。
成分(a-1)ビニルエステル樹脂
(i)ウレタンアクリレート
サートマー社製 CN963B80 ウレタンアクリレート(HDDAブレンド)、タイプ=ポリエステル、60℃粘度=1,100、官能基数=2
(ii)ポリエステルアクリレート
サートマー社製 CN292 ポリエステルアクリレート、タイプ=脂肪族ポリエステル、25℃粘度=630、官能基数=4
(iii)エポキシアクリレート
サートマー社製 CNUVE151 エポキシアクリレート、タイプ=ポリエステル、25℃粘度=150,000、官能基数=2
(iv)脂肪族ウレタンアクリレート
サートマー社製 CN966J75 脂肪族ウレタンアクリレート(IBOAブレンド)、タイプ=ポリエステル、60℃粘度=4,240、25℃粘度=105,000、官能基数=2
成分(a-2)不飽和ポリエステル樹脂
昭和高分子社製、RIGOLAC 21E-A-2(商標)
(i)日本触媒社製、N-ビニルピロリドン
分子量:111.14
沸点 219℃
蒸気圧(24℃) 0.10mm Hg
引火点 98℃
粘度(25℃) 2 cps
融点 13℃
(ii)BASF社製、N-ビニルカプロラクタム
沸点 117℃(10mm Hg)
蒸気圧 <0.1 mm Hg (20℃)
引火点 110℃
融点 35℃
粘度 3.5 cps (40℃)
(c-1-2)ポリブタジエン系ポリオール
出光興産社製、Poly bd R-15HT
粘度:1.5Pa・s/30℃、水酸基価:102.7mgKOH/g
(c-1-1-1)芳香族系ヒマシ油系ポリオール
伊藤製油社製、URIC(商標)AC-006、前記式(4)で表されるヒマシ油由来のポリオール、粘度:0.7~1.5Pa・s/25℃、水酸基価:194~214mgKOH/g
(c-1-3)ポリイソプレン系ポリオール
出光興産社製、Poly ip(登録商標)分子末端に反応性の高い水酸基を備えたポリイソプレンタイプの液状ポリマー(水酸基価46.6mgKOH/mg、数平均分子量Mn=2500)
(c-2-1)ヒマシ油系ポリオール
伊藤製油 URIC H-1262
ヒマシ油系ポリオールと全炭素数が12以上の酸性リン酸エステル化合物を含むポリオール 粘度:3,500~8,500Pa・s/25℃、酸価:4~15(単位mgKOH/g)、水酸基価:240~290(単位mgKOH/g)
(c-2-1)ヒマシ油系ポリオール
伊藤製油 URIC H-2151U
ヒマシ油系ポリオールと全炭素数が12以上の酸性リン酸エステル化合物とテルペンフェノール類を含有するポリオール 粘度:3,500~8,500Pa・s/25℃、酸価:4~15(単位mgKOH/g)、水酸基価:240~290(単位mgKOH/g)
(c-1-3)ポリイソプレン系ポリオールの水素添加物
出光興産社製 エポール(商標)水酸基末端液状ポリオレフィン
(粘度(Pa・s/30℃)75、水酸基価(mgKOH/g) 50.5、数平均分子量2500)
(c-3-1)マレイン化ポリイソプレン
株式会社 クラレ LIR-420 (酸価(mgKOH/g) 40)
(c-3-2)マレイン酸変性ポリブタジエン
SARTOMER社製 Ricon130MA8 (粘度(Pa・s/30℃)6.5、酸価(mgKOH/g) 46、数平均分子量2700)
(c-3-2)マレイン酸変性ポリブタジエン
EVONIK社製 POLYVEST(商標) OC 800 S (ポリブタジエンにおける1,4-シス二重結合:75%、1,4-トランス二重結合:24%、ビニル結合:1%、マレイン化率:7.5%、数平均分子量:3300(GPC)、重量平均分子量:13,600(GPC)、粘度(20℃):6~9Pa・s(DIN53214にて測定)、酸価:70~90mgKOH/g、ヨウ素価:380~420g/100g、(チグラー-ナッタ触媒で重合))
(c-1-4)エポキシポリオール樹脂
DIC株式会社 EPICLON(商標)U-125-60BT
(粘度(Pa・s/30℃)70、水酸基価(mgKOH/g) 120)
(c-4-1)エポキシ当量が150~250g/モルであるポリエポキシ化合物
アデカレジンEP-4100E(旭電化工業 製;ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル、エポキシ当量190)
(c-4-2)エポキシ当量が500~700g/モルである飽和骨格を持つ重合体
クラレ社製L-207(KRATON LIQUID(商標)L-207POLYMERに同じ) (エポキシ当量が590g/モルで、水酸基当量は7000g/モル、ガラス転移温度-53℃、完全飽和骨格(エポキシ化エチレン・プロピレン-エチレン・ブチレン-OH構造)を持つ重合体)
・粘度測定方法
粘度計は、JIS K7117-1に従って、単一円筒型回転粘度計(B形TVC--5 )を用いて測定。
1.測定器に500mlビーカ(標準)を使用。
2.標準ロータは、低・中粘度用としてのM1~M4ロータ、中・高粘度用としてのH1~H7ロータの2種から選択
・水酸基価測定方法
水酸基価とは、試料1g中に含まれるOH基をアセチル化するために要する水酸化カリウムのmg数である。JIS K 1557-1に準じて、無水酢酸を用いて試料中のOH基をアセチル化し、使われなかった酢酸を水酸化カリウム溶液で滴定する。
B:滴定に用いた0.5mol/l水酸化カリウムエタノール溶液の量(ml)
f:ファクター
試料油1gに含まれる酸性成分を中和するのに要する水酸化カリウムのmg数で表す。JIS K 1557-5に準じて、
(1)終点pHの測定
200mLビーカに緩衝貯蔵液Bを10mL採取し、滴定溶剤を100mL加えて電極を浸け、30秒間で0.1pH以内の変化となったpHを緩衝の終点とする。
(2)酸価の測定
1.試料20gを200mLビーカに正確に秤量する。
2.トルエン・2-プロパノール・純水混合溶剤125mLを加え、0.1mol/L水酸化カリウム滴定液で滴定する。
(1)の結果 11.72 pHを終点として設定し、次式で酸価を求める。また、同手順でブランクを求める。
酸価(mgKOH/g)=(D-B)×K×F×M/S
D:滴定値(mL)
B:ブランク(0.085mL)
K:KOHの分子量(56.1)
F:滴定液のファクタ(1.000)
M:滴定液のモル濃度(0.1mol/L)
S:試料採取量(g)
(i)光重合開始剤
CIBA社製、IRGACURE(商標)819、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイド
酸化チタン 石原産業社製 CR-90(製品名)
リン系難燃剤 大八化学社製 PX-200(製品名)、縮合型リン酸エステル、リン酸エステルダイマー
下記表1~7に示す配合割合(質量部)において、攪拌機を備えた容器中に成分(a)を入れ、続いて成分(b)を添加し、常温で十分に攪拌し、その後、成分(c)を加え攪拌後、液温が常温になった時点で、成分(d)を添加して、溶け残りがないように十分攪拌し、最後に、成分(e)を添加して攪拌し、太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物を得た。得られた太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の25℃における粘度(mPa・s)を測定した。すなわち、ハンディタイプのデジタル粘度計TVC-7形粘度計(東機産業社)を用いて、粘度に合わせた適当なロータ(0号~5号)を用いて、25℃粘度を測定した。結果を表1~7に併せて示す。
これとは別に、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体EVA(住友化学社製商品名KA-30、酢酸ビニル含有量28%)(寸法:150mm×25mm×厚さ1mm)上に、スピンコート法により塗料組成物を塗布し(塗布厚15~20μm)、これを空気下で500mJ/cm2のエネルギーの紫外線を照射して硬化させ、積層体を調製した。
(密着性試験:碁盤目テープ試験)
日本工業規格K5400に記載されている碁盤目テープ試験法に準拠して以下のように測定を行った。
碁盤目テープ試験(Cross-cut Test、塗布厚15~20μm(スピンコート法)):試験面(塗料組成物の層(A)側)にカッターナイフを用いて、1×1mm四方の碁盤目の切り傷を入れる。カッターガイドを使用する。碁盤目の数は、縦10個×横10個=100個入れる。碁盤目を入れた所にセロハンテープを強く圧着させ、テープの端を45°の角度で急速に引き剥がし、碁盤目の状態(剥離しないで残った碁盤目の個数)を見る。
結果を併せて表1~7に示す。
上記で得られた積層体に対して、サンプルを沸騰水中(純水) に1時間浸せきした後に室内で自然乾燥させ、ハードコート層の外観の悪化の有無について目視観察した。
○:剥離やクラックの発生なし(1時間浸せき)
×:剥離やクラックの発生あり(1時間浸せき)
異材質間の接着試験を次に示すようなせん断接着力測定により行った。結果を表1~7に示す。
寸法150mm×1mm厚×25mm巾のポリエチレンテレフタレートPET(東洋紡績社製商品名EMC307)の層(B1)上に、スピンコート法で上記塗料組成物を塗布し(塗布厚15~20μm)、塗料組成物の層(A)を形成し、さらにその上に、表1~8に示す、上記(B1)と同じ寸法の、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体EVA(住友化学社製商品名KA-30、酢酸ビニル含有量28%)の層(B2)を圧着させ、層(B1)側からUV照射(波長:325nm、積算照射強さ:50mJ/cm2)してUV硬化させ、積層体を調製した。その後、層(B2)を、層(A)の接合面と平行な方向に引張り、破断時の引張強さを測定した。その結果を、PET vs EVAとして、表1~7に示す。
密着性試験で作成した積層体に対して、サンシャインウエザーメータを用いてブラックパネル温度63℃ で、降雨12分、乾燥48分のサイクルで2000時間暴露後、外観の評価を行った。結果を表1~7に示す。
○:外観変化なし
×:白化、黄変、剥離あり
燃焼試験はUNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES社の安全標準UL94(○:燃焼侍間10秒以内、Δ:10秒以上燃焼、×:全焼)によって測定した。結果を表1~7に示す。
一方、比較例1は、成分(a)の配合量が本発明で規定する下限未満であり、かつ成分(b)の配合量が本発明で規定する上限を超えているので、被着体に対する接着性が悪化し、また、異材質接着性、耐水性も悪化した。
比較例2は、成分(a)の配合量が本発明で規定する上限を超えているので、粘度が高くなり、被着体に対する接着性が悪化し、また、異材質接着性、耐水性も悪化した。
比較例3は、成分(c)を配合していないので、粘度が高くなり、被着体に対する接着性が悪化し、また、異材質接着性、耐水性も悪化した。
比較例4は、成分(c)の配合量が本発明で規定する上限を超えているので、粘度が上昇し、被着体に対する接着性が悪化し、異材質接着性、耐水性も悪化した。
比較例5は、成分(d)の配合量が本発明で規定する下限未満であるので、硬化しなかった。
比較例6は、成分(d)の配合量が本発明で規定する上限を超えているので、被着体に対する接着性が悪化し、また、異材質接着性、耐水性、耐候性、難燃性も悪化した。
Claims (12)
- (a)ビニルエステル樹脂または不飽和ポリエステル樹脂 10~40質量%
(b)ビニルモノマーおよび/または(メタ)アクリレートモノマー 30~70質量%
(c)変性剤 5~40質量%、
(ただし、前記成分(a)~(c)の合計は100質量%である)
および
(d)紫外線硬化剤 前記成分(a)~(c)の合計100質量部に対し0.1~15質量部、
(e)白色着色剤 (a)~(c)の合計100質量部に対し5~20質量部、
を含有する太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。 - 前記成分(a)が、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(b)が、N-ビニル基を有するモノマーであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリオール(c-1);および水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるポリオール(c-2);変性ゴム(c-3);エポキシ当量が150~700g/モルである化合物(c-4)からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c-1)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-1-1);水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリブタジエン系ポリオール(c-1-2);および水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gのポリイソプレン系ポリオールまたはその水素添加物(c-1-3)からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c-1)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gの芳香族系ヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-1-1-1)であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c-2)が、水酸基価40~330mgKOH/gであり、かつ酸価が2~20mgKOH/gであるヒマシ油系ポリオール(c-2-1)であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c-3)が酸変性ポリブタジエンまたは酸変性ポリイソプレンであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c-4)がエポキシ当量が150~250g/モルであるポリエポキシ化合物(c-4-1)であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 前記成分(c-4)がエポキシ当量が500~700g/モルである飽和骨格を持つ重合体(c-4-2)であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 被着体が、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体およびポリエステル系樹脂から選択された少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物の層(A)と、ポリエステル系樹脂からなる層(B)を含む太陽電池バックシート。
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| US13/805,493 US8865312B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2010-06-25 | Coating composition for solar cell backsheet and solar cell backsheet |
| PCT/JP2010/060884 WO2011161826A1 (ja) | 2010-06-25 | 2010-06-25 | 太陽電池バックシート用塗料組成物および太陽電池バックシート |
| EP10853686.3A EP2587549A4 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2010-06-25 | COATING MATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR THE BACK FILM OF A SOLAR CELL AND BACK FILM OF A SOLAR CELL |
| KR1020127033498A KR20130038882A (ko) | 2010-06-25 | 2010-06-25 | 태양전지 백시트용 도료 조성물 및 태양전지 백시트 |
| CN201080067708.9A CN103502366A (zh) | 2010-06-25 | 2010-06-25 | 太阳能电池背板用涂料组合物及太阳能电池背板 |
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| FR3072829A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-26 | Total Solar International | Laminat flexible de cellules photovoltaiques et procede de fabrication d'un tel laminat flexible |
| WO2020100102A2 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Curable compositions, articles therefrom, and methods of making and using same |
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| NL2037879B1 (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2026-01-08 | Filoform Bv | A multicomponent polyester resin composition, for potting and encapsulating, and a removable polybutadiene polyester potting compound made therefrom |
| CN120137114B (zh) * | 2025-05-12 | 2025-08-29 | 上海品诚晶曜光伏科技有限公司 | 一种轻质光伏组件用高透光率高耐候树脂及其应用 |
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- 2010-06-25 US US13/805,493 patent/US8865312B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-25 CN CN201080067708.9A patent/CN103502366A/zh active Pending
- 2010-06-25 KR KR1020127033498A patent/KR20130038882A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-25 WO PCT/JP2010/060884 patent/WO2011161826A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2010-06-25 JP JP2012521250A patent/JP5368635B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-25 EP EP10853686.3A patent/EP2587549A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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| JP2015518274A (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2015-06-25 | バイエル・インテレクチュアル・プロパティ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングBayer Intellectual Property GmbH | ソーラーラミネートの製造のためのuv放射硬化性ポリウレタン樹脂の使用 |
| CN116323774A (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2023-06-23 | 3M创新有限公司 | 可固化组合物、由其制得的制品,及其制造和使用方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8865312B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 |
| JP5368635B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
| JPWO2011161826A1 (ja) | 2013-08-19 |
| EP2587549A4 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| EP2587549A1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| US20130095326A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| KR20130038882A (ko) | 2013-04-18 |
| CN103502366A (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
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