WO2012003604A1 - 温室用太阳能模块 - Google Patents

温室用太阳能模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012003604A1
WO2012003604A1 PCT/CN2010/001201 CN2010001201W WO2012003604A1 WO 2012003604 A1 WO2012003604 A1 WO 2012003604A1 CN 2010001201 W CN2010001201 W CN 2010001201W WO 2012003604 A1 WO2012003604 A1 WO 2012003604A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
greenhouse
solar
light
solar panel
cultivation area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2010/001201
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈贵光
林赐鸿
林赐海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wei Sheng Investment & Development Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Wei Sheng Investment & Development Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wei Sheng Investment & Development Co Ltd filed Critical Wei Sheng Investment & Development Co Ltd
Priority to US13/496,491 priority Critical patent/US20120174478A1/en
Priority to JP2013516942A priority patent/JP2013535959A/ja
Priority to EP10854264.8A priority patent/EP2471354A4/en
Publication of WO2012003604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012003604A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Definitions

  • the invention provides a solar module for greenhouses, in particular to a greenhouse for planting plants, and to a plurality of solar panels arranged on the top of the greenhouse. Background technique
  • the greenhouse (or agricultural greenhouse) is an indoor agricultural facility for planting plants.
  • the common greenhouse is assembled by many support frames and lapped into a shed.
  • the insect net, glass, and transparent are installed around and at the top.
  • the rubber sheet or the transparent plastic film is used to facilitate direct sunlight to illuminate the plants planted in the greenhouse, and the greenhouse can receive the heating of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun, and slow or isolate the convection of the air inside and outside the greenhouse, resulting in the greenhouse
  • the air, water and soil become warm to form a cultivation area that is conducive to plant growth.
  • the above-mentioned prior art solar panel does not have any structurally preventable, restrictive or open sunlight between the greenhouse and the dark or bright cultivation area of the greenhouse. Relevant strategies for exposure, so there is clearly room for improvementSummary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a solar module for planting a greenhouse, which can significantly improve the relative arrangement between the solar panel of the prior art and the dark or bright cultivation area of the greenhouse.
  • the relationship between the solar panel and the solar panel can be prevented, restricted or open to overcome the problem that the solar panel receives solar heat radiation due to the different positions and directions of the solar panel.
  • a solar module for a greenhouse of the present invention comprises:
  • a greenhouse which forms a dark cultivation area conducive to planting a plant of fear
  • a plurality of non-light-transmissive solar panels are arranged on the top of the greenhouse and arranged in a vertical and horizontal direction, and are arranged in a roof inclined obliquely to a specific light receiving direction, spaced between the dark cultivation area and the outside atmosphere, the roof can be made flat or Appropriate curved surface changes.
  • the non-transmissive solar panel is used to form the roof of the greenhouse, and a greenhouse capable of planting a plant of fear light is formed, so that the solar panel directly prevents sunlight from being irradiated into the dark cultivation area, and the solar energy is made Forming an integrated structure between the panel, the greenhouse and the dark cultivation area thereof, thereby saving the construction cost of the solar panel and the greenhouse, and providing a setting position and a tilting direction for the solar panel to receive sunlight at the top of the greenhouse, thereby effectively Increasing the efficiency of the solar panel to receive solar heat radiation energy; at the same time, making the greenhouse a power plant to enhance the utilization value of the land in which the greenhouse is located.
  • a shaft can be pivoted on the top of the greenhouse along the south and north sides of the earth, extending to the two sides of the greenhouse, and the solar panel is disposed on the shaft, and the shaft is controlled by rotating the shaft.
  • the solar panel is swung to the positioning angle of the sun along the east and west of the earth to further improve the efficiency of the solar panel receiving solar heat radiation energy;
  • the bottom surface of the solar panel may be provided with a reflective surface that reflects sunlight to the dark cultivation area to supplement sunlight into the dark cultivation area.
  • another solar energy module for a greenhouse of the present invention comprises:
  • a greenhouse which forms a bright cultivation area that facilitates the planting of light-emitting plants
  • a plurality of light-transmitting solar panels disposed on the top of the greenhouse in a vertical and horizontal direction and forming a roof inclined obliquely to a specific light receiving direction, spaced between the bright cultivation area and the outside atmosphere, the roof being flat or suitable
  • the surface of the arc changes.
  • the transparent solar panel is used to form the roof of the greenhouse, and a greenhouse capable of planting a light-emitting plant is formed, so that the solar panel directly exposes the sunlight to the bright cultivation area, and the solar panel,
  • An integrated structure is formed between the greenhouse and its bright cultivation area to save the construction cost of the solar panel and the greenhouse, and effectively improve the efficiency of the solar panel receiving solar heat radiation energy.
  • the light-transmitting solar panel can supply light of a specific wavelength to pass,
  • the solar panel directly restricts the sunlight from being irradiated into the bright cultivation area, thereby increasing the growth, flowering or the speed of the light-emitting plants in the bright cultivation area;
  • a shaft can be pivoted on the top of the greenhouse along the south and north sides of the earth, extending to the two sides of the greenhouse, the solar panel is disposed on the shaft, and the solar energy is controlled by rotating the shaft
  • the panel oscillates along the east and west of the earth to the positioning angle of the pursuit of the sun to further improve the efficiency of the solar panel receiving solar heat radiation energy;
  • the invention also includes:
  • the greenhouse may be located on the northern hemisphere surface of the earth, and the specific light receiving direction is south; or the warm room is located on the earth's southern hemisphere surface, and the specific light receiving direction is north.
  • a plurality of plant cultivation lamps are disposed at the top of the cultivation area, and the cultivation lamps can be made of one or more light emitting diodes that emit light of a specific wavelength.
  • the north side of the greenhouse is formed to form a connected sub-greenhouse, and a sub-bright cultivation area for planting a light-light plant is formed inside, and a light-transparent flat roof inclined to the north is disposed at the top of the sub-greenhouse, spaced apart from the Between the bright cultivation area and the outside atmosphere, it is used to enhance the diversity of plant cultivation in the greenhouse.
  • a vertical wall is connected between the roof and the end edge adjacent to the ceiling, and the vertical wall is provided with a fan for driving air circulation inside and outside the greenhouse, which can quickly discharge heat to adjust the temperature in the greenhouse.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the configuration of an additional embodiment of the embodiment of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a view showing the state of use of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a solar module for a greenhouse according to the present invention, comprising a greenhouse 1 and a plurality of non-transmissive solar panels 21; It is advantageous for planting the dark cultivation area 10 of the light-sensitive plant 91, and the top of the dark cultivation area 10 is provided with a plurality of sprinkler heads 3, which can sprinkle water on the light-denophoric plant 91 planted at the bottom of the dark cultivation area 10 to promote plant growth;
  • the peripheral wall 11 of the greenhouse 1 can be surrounded by an insect net, an offset plate, a glass or a light-transmissive solar panel 22, and can withstand strong outside winds, prevent cold damage and insect pests.
  • the solar panel 22 is capable of generating electricity by external sunlight to assist in providing power required for the operation of the greenhouse 1; the non-transmissive solar panel 21 is disposed on the top of the greenhouse 1 in a vertical and horizontal arrangement, and the module is formed into a specific light receiving unit.
  • the roof 12, which is inclined obliquely, is spaced between the dark cultivation area 10 and the outside atmosphere, and the roof 12 can be made flat or according to the roof 12
  • the contour forms a surface with a suitable curvature, and the roof 12 formed by the solar panel 21 is also capable of resisting strong winds from the outside, preventing cold damage and insect pests; in fact, when the greenhouse 1 is located on the northern hemisphere surface of the earth, the specific light receiving direction is south. Or, when the greenhouse 1 is located on the southern hemisphere surface of the earth, the specific light receiving direction is north, the surface may be land or sea, and the angle ⁇ of the roof 12 inclined obliquely toward the specific light receiving direction may be 10 to 60 degrees.
  • the angle ⁇ between the surface of the solar panel 21 and the solar ray 90 can be controlled to be close to or equal to 90 degrees to improve the efficiency of the solar panel 21 to receive solar thermal radiant energy.
  • the invention can be implemented according to the invention, especially during the daytime, the roof 12 of the greenhouse 1 can be inclined to the north or the south on the surface of the south and north hemispheres, since the intensity of sunshine near the equator is higher than that away from the equator
  • the other southern and northern hemisphere regions enable the solar panel 21 to receive direct sunlight from the equator to generate electricity (as shown in Figure 1) to supply greenhouse 1 operations (such as watering, convection, and nighttime lighting).
  • greenhouse 1 operations such as watering, convection, and nighttime lighting.
  • the solar panel 21 can shield the outside sunlight from entering the dark cultivation area 10, and the inside of the greenhouse 1 forms a dark environment suitable for the growth of the fear-type plant 91.
  • the non-transmissive solar panel 21 is used to constitute the roof 12 of the greenhouse 1 to form
  • the greenhouse 1 for planting the light-sensitive plant 91 causes the solar panel 21 to directly prevent sunlight from being irradiated into the dark cultivation area 10, and forms an integrated structure between the solar panel 21, the greenhouse 1 and the dark cultivation area 10.
  • the greenhouse 1 is made a power plant to increase the utilization value of the land where the greenhouse 1 is located.
  • the north side of the greenhouse 1 can also be extended to form an internal greenhouse 4 (as shown in FIG. 3), and the sub-greenhouse 4 forms a sub-bright for the planting of the light-emitting plant 92.
  • the cultivation area 40, and the top of the sub-bright cultivation area 40 may be provided with a plurality of sprinkler heads 3, which can sprinkle water on the light-emitting plants 92 planted at the bottom of the sub-bright cultivation area 40, and arrange a plurality of plant cultivation lamps on the top of the sub-bright cultivation area 40.
  • the cultivation lamp 5 can be made of more than one light emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting light of a specific wavelength
  • the specific wavelength of light may include blue light, green light and red light
  • the wavelength of blue light can promote plant growth
  • the wavelength of red light can promote the flowering and the result of the plant, and the wavelength of the green light can make the growth, flowering and the speed of the plant develop in a balanced manner
  • the peripheral wall 41 of the sub-greenhouse 4 can be covered by the insect net, offset plate, glass or light-transmitting solar panel 22 It is surrounded by strong winds, cold damage and insect pests.
  • the sun The panel 22 is capable of generating electricity by external sunlight to assist in providing the power required for the operation of the greenhouse 1 and the sub-greenhouse 4;
  • the top of the sub-greenhouse 4 is provided with a light-transmissive flat ceiling 42 that is inclined toward the north, and the roof 12 is
  • a top edge 121 is adjacent to a top edge 421 of the ceiling 42 and a junction of the roof 12 and the top edge 12 1 , 421 of the ceiling 42 forms a ridge 13 that slopes in a south and north direction, and the ceiling 42 may be composed of glass.
  • the top edge 121 of the roof 12 is higher than the top edge 421 of the ceiling 42, and a vertical wall 14 is connected between the adjacent ends of the roof 12 and the ceiling 42.
  • a fan 6 for driving the air inside and outside the greenhouse 1, which can quickly discharge heat to adjust the greenhouse 1 and the sub-greenhouse 4
  • the temperature inside is used to enhance the diversity of planting in the greenhouse 1.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention is disclosed, and is different from the first embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 4, in that the specific light receiving direction of the roof 12 of the greenhouse 1 is It can be south or north, and is observed by the earth's surface. The sun rises from the east of the sky and runs toward the west. Therefore, the top of the greenhouse 1 can be pivoted along the south and north of the earth to a shaft 7a extending to the south of the greenhouse. The north end side, the shaft 7a can be repeatedly executed on the top of the greenhouse 1, and each shaft 7a can be rotated by a motor (not drawn) on the greenhouse 1, which is non-transmissive.
  • a motor not drawn
  • Solar panel 21 is disposed on the top surface of each of the shafts 7a, and the solar panel 21 is arranged vertically and horizontally on the top surface of each of the shafts 7a, and is configured to form a roof 12a inclined toward a specific light receiving direction; thus, when the sunlight illumination angle is changed
  • the motor can be controlled by a signal sent from a controller (not drawn) to drive the shaft 7a to rotate at the same time, so that the solar panel 21 swings with the shaft 7a, thereby controlling the solar panel 21. Swinging along the east and west positions to the positioning angle of the chase (as shown in FIG.
  • the solar panel 21 of the roof 12a of the greenhouse 1 can be driven by the shaft 7a to adjust the yaw angle, and has the ability to track the sun to further improve the efficiency of the solar panel 21 receiving solar heat radiation energy.
  • the bottom surface of the solar panel 21 may also be provided with a reflective surface 8 (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the reflective surface 8 is a smooth surface made of a non-transmissive reflective material, and the solar panel 21 is along the east and west sides.
  • a gap 15 connecting the outside and the dark cultivation area 10 is formed between the solar panels 21 of the respective shafts 7a. Since the solar panel 21 is of a non-transmissive type, the solar panel is 21 surface has the ability to reflect light, so that the surface of the solar panel 21 reflects the solar light 90 to the reflective surface 8 (as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of plant cultivation lamps 5 may be disposed on the top of the dark cultivation area 10, and the remaining components and embodiments are equivalent to the first embodiment described above.
  • the solar module for a greenhouse of the present invention comprises a greenhouse lb and a plurality of transparent solar panels 22b.
  • the bright cultivation area 10b of the light-emitting plant 92 is planted, and the light-transmitting solar panel 22b is arranged on the top of the greenhouse lb in a vertical and horizontal direction, and is arranged in a roof 12b inclined obliquely to a specific light receiving direction, spaced apart from the bright cultivation area.
  • the light transmissive solar panels 22, 22b are a thin film solar cell (thin film solar cell) Of see - through type). Accordingly, the light-emitting solar panel 22b is used to form the roof 12b of the greenhouse lb, and the greenhouse lb for planting the light-emitting plant 92 is formed, so that the solar panel 22b is directly exposed to sunlight and irradiated into the bright cultivation area 10b.
  • the light-transmitting solar panel 22b (shown in FIG. 6) can also be fabricated by using a glass that can pass light of a specific wavelength (including blue light, green light, and red light). Description The light-transmitting solar panel 22b can supply light of a specific wavelength to pass, so that the solar panel 22b directly restricts sunlight from entering the bright cultivation area 10b; accordingly, the growth and flowering of the light-emitting plant 92 in the bright cultivation area 10b is enhanced. Or the speed of the result.
  • a specific wavelength including blue light, green light, and red light.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic diagram of a configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention is disclosed, which illustrates that the top of the greenhouse lb is pivoted along the south and north axes of the earth.
  • the rod 7c extends to the double-sided end of the greenhouse lb, and the solar panel 22b is disposed on the top surface of the shaft 7c, so that the solar panel 22b is arranged vertically and horizontally on the top surface of each shaft 7c, and the module is formed in one direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种温室用太阳能模块，包含将多个太阳能面板（21）以纵横排列方式设于一温室（1）顶部，并模块成一朝特定受光方向斜倾的屋顶（12），且温室（1）内部形成有一栽种植物用的栽培区（10），该屋顶（12）间隔于栽培区（10）与外界大气之间。所述太阳能面板（21）与温室（1）之间形成一体化结构，以节省所述太阳能面板（21）及温室（1）的建构成本，并提升所述太阳能面板（21）接收太阳热辐射能的效率。

Description

温室用太阳能模块 技术领域
本发明提供一种温室用太阳能模块， 特别是针对一种栽种植物用的温室， 并涉及配置于该温室顶部的多个太阳能面板。 背景技术
温室 （或称农业大棚） 是一种用于栽种植物的室内农业设施， 一般常见的 温室是由多数支撑架组装、 搭接成棚状， 并于其四周及顶部装设捕虫网、 玻璃、 透明胶板或包覆透明胶膜， 以利于阳光直接照射温室内栽种的植物， 且温室能 够接受太阳发出的电磁辐射的加热， 并减緩或隔绝该温室内、 外空气的对流， 致使温室内的空气、 水与泥土变的暖和， 以形成一有利于植物生长的栽培区。
且知， 由于温室内部可形成一利于植物生长的独立自然环境， 因此在偏远 内陆、 山地、 荒漠或高纬度等地区的粮食供应上的重要性逐渐增加； 然而， 温 室内的各种栽培植物用基本设备 （举如植物栽培灯、 洒水设备及风扇等） 所需 的电力， 在上述多数偏远内陆、 山地、 荒漠或高纬度等地区均不易获得， 若温 室本身未具备独立发电的能力， 于上述各地区的使用和推广将更加滞碍难行。
现有具备独立发电能力的温室， 已有揭露配置太阳能面板进行供电的技术， 可见揭露于中国台湾第 5 13914及第 M341406号专利案中，但该等技术并未具体 揭示出太阳能面板利于接收阳光热辐射能的较佳设置位置及方向； 此外， 中国 第 CN200420021500.5及第 CN200710143184.7号专利案中， 虽然都已具体揭示 出将太阳能面板设于屋顶位置， 但也未更加具体揭示出太阳能面板利于接受阳 光照射的方向， 而存在有未能充分接收太阳热辐射能的问题； 再者， 上述传统 温室的栽培区， 一般可区分为利于栽种惧光型植物的阴暗栽培区， 以及利于栽 种喜光型植物的明亮栽培区， 上述现有技术中的太阳能面板除了对温室供电以 夕卜， 与该温室的阴暗或明亮栽培区之间， 并未具有任何在结构上可防止、 限制 或开放阳光照射的相关策略， 因此显然仍有加以改善的空间。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对栽种植物用的温室， 提供一种太阳能模块， 能够显 著改善上述先前技术中的太阳能面板与温室的阴暗或明亮栽培区之间的相对配 置关系， 并可直接防止、 限制或开放阳光照射至栽培区内， 以克服所述太阳能 面板因设置位置及其方向不一， 而导致所述太阳能面板接收太阳热辐射能效率 不彰的问题。
为能实现上述的目的， 本发明的一温室用太阳能模块， 包含：
一温室， 内部形成一利于栽种惧光型植物的阴暗栽培区； 及
多个非透光型太阳能面板， 设于该温室顶部而呈纵横排列， 并模块成一朝 特定受光方向斜倾的屋顶， 间隔于该阴暗栽培区与外界大气之间， 该屋顶可制 成平坦或适当弧曲变化的表面。
据此， 利用所述非透光型太阳能面板构成该温室的屋顶， 而形成可栽种惧 光型植物的温室， 令所述太阳能面板直接防止阳光照射至该阴暗栽培区内， 并 使所述太阳能面板、 温室及其阴暗栽培区之间形成一体化结构， 以节省所述太 阳能面板及温室的建构成本， 并提供利于所述太阳能面板在温室顶部接受阳光 照射的设置位置及斜倾方向， 进而有效提升所述太阳能面板接收太阳热辐射能 的效率； 同时， 令该温室成为一发电厂， 以提升温室所在的土地的利用价值。
其中， 可于所述温室顶部沿地球南、 北轴向枢置一轴杆， 延伸至该温室双 侧端边， 所述太阳能面板系配置于该轴杆上， 经由转动该轴杆而控制所述太阳 能面板沿地球东、 西方位摆动至追日的定位角度， 以更进一步提升所述太阳能 面板接收太阳热辐射能的效率；
所述太阳能面板底面并可设置一可反射太阳光至该阴暗栽培区内的反光 面， 以补充太阳光至该阴暗栽培区内。
此外， 本发明的另一温室用太阳能模块， 包含：
一温室， 内部形成一利于栽种喜光型植物的明亮栽培区； 及
多个透光型太阳能面板， 设于该温室顶部而呈纵横排列， 并形成一朝特定 受光方向斜倾的屋顶， 间隔于该明亮栽培区与外界大气之间， 该屋顶可制成平 坦或适当弧曲变化的表面。
据此， 利用所述透光型太阳能面板构成该温室的屋顶， 而形成可栽种喜光 型植物的温室， 令所述太阳能面板直接开放阳光照射至该明亮栽培区内， 并使 所述太阳能面板、 温室及其明亮栽培区之间形成一体化结构， 以节省所述太阳 能面板及温室的建构成本， 并有效提升所述太阳能面板接收太阳热辐射能的效 率。
其中， 可于所述透光型太阳能面板能够供给特定波长的光线通过， 令所述 太阳能面板直接限制阳光照射至该明亮栽培区内， 据以提升该明亮栽培区内喜 光型植物的生长、 开花或结果速度；
并可于所述温室顶部沿地球南、 北轴向枢置一轴杆， 延伸至该温室双侧端 边， 所述太阳能面板配置于该轴杆上， 经由转动该轴杆而控制所述太阳能面板 沿地球东、 西方位摆动至追日的定位角度， 以更进一步提升所述太阳能面板接 收太阳热辐射能的效率；
另外， 本发明也包含：
所述温室可设于地球的北半球地表， 该特定受光方向为南方； 或者， 该温 室设于地球的南半球地表， 该特定受光方向为北方。
所述栽培区顶部设有多个植物栽培灯， 且该栽培灯可由一以上可发出特定 波长的光线的发光二极管制成。
所述温室北侧延制形成有一相连通的副温室， 内部形成一利于栽种喜光型 植物的副明亮栽培区， 且该副温室顶部设有一朝北方斜倾的透光型平坦顶棚， 间隔于该副明亮栽培区与外界大气之间， 据以提升温室内植物种植的多样化。
所述屋顶与该顶棚相互邻近的端边之间衔接有一垂直墙面， 且该垂直墙面 上设有一可驱动该温室内外空气流通的风扇， 能够快速排热， 据以调节温室内 的温度。
然而， 为能明确且充分揭露本发明， 并予列举较佳实施的图例， 以详细说 明其实施方式如后述： 附图说明
图 1是本发明第一款实施例的配置示意图；
图 2是本发明第二款实施例的配置示意图；
图 3是图 1实施例的附加实施型态的配置示意图；
图 4是图 2的 A-A断面图；
图 5是图 4的使用状态图；
图 6是本发明第三款实施例的配置示意图；
图 7是本发明第四款实施例的配置示意图。
附图标记说明： 1、 lb-温室； 10-阴暗栽培区； 10b-明亮栽培区； 1 1、 4 周 壁； 12、 12a、 12b、 12c-屋顶； 121、 421-顶边； 13-屋脊； 14-墙面； 15-空隙； 21、 22、 22b-太阳能面板； 3-洒水头； 4-副温室； 40-副明亮栽培区； 42-顶棚； 5-栽培灯； 6-风扇； 7a、 7c-轴杆； 8-反光面； 90-光线； 91 -惧光型植物； 92喜光 型植物。 具体实施方式
首观图 1所示， 揭示出本发明第一款实施例的配置示意图， 说明本发明的 温室用太阳能模块， 包含一温室 1及多个非透光型太阳能面板 21 ; 该温室 1 内 部形成有一利于栽种惧光型植物 91的阴暗栽培区 10 , 且阴暗栽培区 10顶部配 置有多个洒水头 3 , 能对该阴暗栽培区 10底部栽种的惧光型植物 91洒水， 以促 进植物生长； 该温室 1的周壁 1 1可由捕虫网、 胶版、 玻璃或透光型太阳能面板 22围绕而成， 能够抵挡外界强风、 防止寒害及虫害， 当温室 1的周壁 1 1为透光 型太阳能面板 22时， 所述太阳能面板 22能够接受外界阳光照射而发电， 以辅 助提供温室 1运作所需的电力； 所述非透光型太阳能面板 21设于该温室 1顶部 而呈纵横排列， 并模块成一朝特定受光方向斜倾的屋顶 12， 间隔于该阴暗栽培 区 10与外界大气之间， 该屋顶 12可制成平坦或依据屋顶 12轮廓形成适当弧曲 变化的表面， 所述太阳能面板 21构成的屋顶 12也能够抵挡外界强风、 防止寒 害及虫害； 在实际上， 当温室 1设于地球的北半球地表时， 该特定受光方向为 南方； 或者， 当温室 1设于地球的南半球地表， 该特定受光方向为北方， 所述 地表可为陆地或海洋上， 且屋顶 12朝该特定受光方向斜倾的角度 α可为 10至 60度， 可依据温室 1所在南、 北半球的纬度高底而改变， 当温室 1所在地区越 邻近赤道时， 该斜倾角度 α越小， 当温室 1所在地区越远离赤道时， 该斜倾角 度 α越大； 如此， 能控制所述太阳能面板 21表面与太阳光线 90之间的夹角 Ρ 趋近或等于 90度， 以提升太阳能面板 21接收太阳热辐射能的效率。
凭借上述构件的组成， 可供据以实施本发明， 特别是在白天时， 该温室 1 的屋顶 12可于南、 北半球地表上朝北方或南方斜倾， 由于赤道附近的日照强度 高于远离赤道的其它南、 北半球地区， 致使所述太阳能面板 21能够接受来自赤 道方向的强度较高的阳光直接照射而发电 （如图 1所示） ， 以供应温室 1运作 (举如洒水、 抽风及夜间照明等） 所需的电力； 同时， 所述太阳能面板 21并能 遮蔽外界阳光照射至该阴暗栽培区 10内， 而使温室 1 内部形成适合该惧光型植 物 91生长的阴暗环境。
相信上述说明， 已足以明确且充分揭示本发明可供据以实施的必要技术内 容， 特别是利用所述非透光型太阳能面板 21构成该温室 1的屋顶 12 , 而形成可 栽种惧光型植物 91的温室 1 ,令所述太阳能面板 21直接防止阳光照射至该阴暗 栽培区 10内， 并使所述太阳能面板 21、 温室 1及其阴暗栽培区 10之间形成一 体化结构， 以节省所述太阳能面板 21及温室 1的建构成本， 并提供利于所述太 阳能面板 21在温室 1顶部接受阳光照射的设置位置及斜倾方向， 进而有效提升 所述太阳能面板 21接收太阳热辐射能的效率； 同时，令该温室 1成为一发电厂， 以提升温室 1所在的土地的利用价值。
在另一具体的实施上，该温室 1北侧亦可延制形成一内部相连通的副温室 4 (如图 3所示） ， 且副温室 4内部形成一利于栽种喜光型植物 92的副明亮栽培 区 40， 且副明亮栽培区 40顶部亦可配置多个洒水头 3， 能对副明亮栽培区 40 底部栽种的喜光型植物 92洒水， 并于副明亮栽培区 40顶部配置多个植物栽培 灯 5 , 且该栽培灯 5可由一个以上可发出特定波长的光线的发光二极管 （LED ) 制成， 所述特定波长的光线可包括蓝光、 绿光及红光； 其中， 蓝光的波长能够 促进植物生长， 红光的波长能够促进植物开花及结果， 绿光的波长能够使植物 生长、 开花及结果的速度均衡发展； 该副温室 4的周壁 41可由捕虫网、 胶版、 玻璃或透光型太阳能面板 22围绕而成， 能够抵挡外界强风、 防止寒害及虫害， 当副温室 4的周壁 41为透光型太阳能面板 22时， 所述太阳能面板 22能够接受 外界阳光照射而发电， 以辅助提供温室 1和副温室 4运作所需的电力； 该副温 室 4顶部设有一朝北方斜倾的透光型平坦顶棚 42 , 而使该屋顶 12的一顶边 121 邻近该顶棚 42的一顶边 421， 且屋顶 12与顶棚 42的顶边 12 1、 421的交接处形 成一朝南、 北方向斜倾的屋脊 13 , 且顶棚 42可由玻璃组成， 间隔于该副明亮栽 培区 40与外界大气之间； 该屋顶 12的顶边 121 高于该顶棚 42的顶边 421， 且 屋顶 12与顶棚 42相互邻近的端边之间衔接有一垂直墙面 14 ,位于该屋顶 12与 顶棚 42的顶边 121、 421之间， 且垂直墙面 14上设有一可驱动该温室 1 内外空 气流通的风扇 6 , 能够快速排热， 以调节温室 1及副温室 4内的温度， 据以提升 温室 1 内植物种植的多样化。
请参阅图 2所示， 揭示出本发明第二款实施例的配置示意图， 并配合图 4 说明其与上述第一款实施例不同之处在于， 由于所述温室 1的屋顶 12的特定受 光方向可为南方或北方， 且由地球地表观察， 太阳是由天空的东方升起， 并朝 西方运行， 因此温室 1顶部可沿地球南、 北轴向枢置一轴杆 7a, 延伸至温室 1 南、 北双侧端边， 实际上可于该温室 1顶部重复实施该轴杆 7a, 且各轴杆 7a能 同时接受温室 1上的一马达 （未绘制）驱动而转动， 所述非透光型太阳能面板 21分别配置于各轴杆 7a顶面， 而使所述太阳能面板 21于各轴杆 7a顶面呈纵横 排列， 并模块成一朝特定受光方向斜倾的屋顶 12a; 如此， 当太阳光照射角度改 变时， 该马达可接受外界一控制器 （未绘制） 发送的信号控制， 以驱动所述轴 杆 7a同时转动， 致使所述太阳能面板 21随着该轴杆 7a摆动， 进而控制所述太 阳能面板 21沿东、 西方位摆动至追日的定位角度（如图 5所示） ， 进而控制所 述太阳能面板 21表面与太阳光线 90之间的夹角 P趋近或等于 90度； 据此， 作 为该温室 1的屋顶 12a的所述太阳能面板 21可凭借该轴杆 7a带动，以进行偏摆 角度的调整， 而具备追日的能力， 以更进一步提升所述太阳能面板 21接收太阳 热辐射能的效率。
所述太阳能面板 21底面亦可铺设一反光面 8 (如图 4所示） ， 该反光面 8 为非透光型的反光材料制成的平滑表面， 当所述太阳能面板 21沿东、 西方位摆 动至追日的定位角度时， 各轴杆 7a的太阳能面板 21之间会形成一连通外界与 阴暗栽培区 10的空隙 15 , 由于所述太阳能面板 21为非透光型， 因此所述太阳 能面板 21表面具有反光的能力， 如此可凭借所述太阳能面板 21表面反射太阳 光线 90至该反光面 8 (如图 5所示） ， 并利用反光面 8反射该光线 90至阴暗栽 培区 10内， 据以补充太阳光至该阴暗栽培区 10内； 该阴暗栽培区 10顶部亦可 配置多个植物栽培灯 5， 其余构件组成及实施方式等同于上述第一款实施例。
请参阅图 6所示， 揭示出本发明第三款实施例的配置示意图， 说明本发明 的温室用太阳能模块， 包含一温室 l b及多个透光型太阳能面板 22b, 该温室 l b 内部形成一利于栽种喜光型植物 92的明亮栽培区 10b, 且所述透光型太阳能面 板 22b设于该温室 lb顶部而呈纵横排列， 并模块成一朝特定受光方向斜倾的屋 顶 12b， 间隔于该明亮栽培区 10b与外界大气之间； 所述明亮栽培区 10b顶部配 置有多个植物栽培灯 5和洒水头 3 , 上述透光型太阳能面板 22、 22b为一种透光 型薄膜太阳能电池 (thin film solar cell of see - through type)。 据此， 利用所述透 光型太阳能面板 22b构成该温室 lb的屋顶 12b，而形成可栽种喜光型植物 92的 温室 lb， 令所述太阳能面板 22b直接开放阳光照射至该明亮栽培区 10b内， 并 使所述太阳能面板 22b、 温室 l b及其明亮栽培区 10b之间形成一体化结构， 以 节省所述太阳能面板 22b及温室 1 b的建构成本，并有效提升所述太阳能面板 22b 接收太阳热辐射能的效率， 其余构件组成及实施方式等同于上述第一款实施例。
在另一具体的实施上， 也能够选用可供特定波长的光线 （包括蓝光、 绿光 及红光）通过的玻璃制作所述透光型太阳能面板 22b (如图 6所示） ， 而使所述 透光型太阳能面板 22b能供给特定波长的光线通过， 令所述太阳能面板 22b直 接限制阳光照射至明亮栽培区 10b内； 据此， 以提升该明亮栽培区 10b内喜光 型植物 92的生长、 开花或结果速度。
请参阅图 7所示， 揭示出本发明第四款实施例的配置示意图， 说明其与上 述第三款实施例不同的处在于， 所述温室 l b顶部沿地球南、 北轴向枢置一轴杆 7c , 延伸至该温室 lb双侧端边， 所述太阳能面板 22b配置于该轴杆 7c顶面， 而 使所述太阳能面板 22b于各轴杆 7c顶面而呈纵横排列， 并模块成一朝特定受光 方向斜倾的屋顶 12c; 如此， 经由转动该轴杆 7c而控制所述太阳能面板 22b沿 地球东、 西方位摆动至追日的定位角度， 以更进一步提升所述太阳能面板 22b 接收太阳热辐射能的效率， 其余构件组成及实施方式等同于上述第二款实施例。
以上说明对本发明而言只是说明性的， 而非限制性的， 本领域普通技术人 员理解， 在不脱离权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下， 可作出许多修改、 变化或等效， 但都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于， 包含：
一温室， 内部形成一利于栽种惧光型植物的阴暗栽培区； 及
多个非透光型太阳能面板， 设于该温室顶部而呈纵横排列， 并形成一朝特 定受光方向斜倾的屋顶， 间隔于该阴暗栽培区与外界大气之间。
2、 如权利要求 1所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述温室顶部沿地 球南、 北轴向枢置一轴杆， 延伸至该温室双侧端边， 所述太阳能面板配置于该 轴杆上， 通过转动该轴杆而控制所述太阳能面板沿地球东、 西方位摆动至追日 的定位角度。
3、 如权利要求 2所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述太阳能面板底 面设有一能够反射太阳光至该阴暗栽培区内的反光面。
4、 一种温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于， 包含：
一温室， 内部形成一利于栽种喜光型植物的明亮栽培区； 及
多个透光型太阳能面板， 设于该温室顶部而呈纵横排列， 并模块成一朝特 定受光方向斜倾的屋顶， 间隔于该明亮栽培区与外界大气之间。
5、 如权利要求 4所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述透光型太阳能 面板能够供给特定波长的光线通过。
6、 如权利要求 4或 5所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述温室顶部 沿地球南、 北轴向枢置一轴杆， 延伸至该温室双侧端边， 所述太阳能面板配置 于该轴杆上， 通过转动该轴杆而控制所述太阳能面板沿地球东、 西方位摆动至 追曰的定位角度。
7、 如权利要求 1或 4所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述温室设于 地球的北半球地表， 该特定受光方向为南方。
8、 如权利要求 1或 4所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述温室设于 地球的南半球地表， 该特定受光方向为北方。
9、 如权利要求 1或 4所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述栽培区顶 部设有多个植物栽培灯， 且该栽培灯由一个以上能够发出特定波长的光线的发 光二极管制成。
10、 如权利要求 1或 4所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于： 所述温室北 侧延制形成有一相连通的副温室， 内部形成一利于栽种喜光型植物的副明亮栽 培区， 且该副温室顶部设有一朝北方斜倾的透光型平坦顶棚， 间隔于该副明亮 栽培区与外界大气之间。
1 1、 如权利要求 10所述温室用太阳能模块， 其特征在于 ： 所述屋顶与该顶 棚相互邻近的端边之间衔接有一垂直墙面， 且该垂直墙面上设有一能够驱动该 温室内外空气流通的风扇。
PCT/CN2010/001201 2010-07-07 2010-08-06 温室用太阳能模块 Ceased WO2012003604A1 (zh)

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