WO2012081430A1 - 擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法 - Google Patents
擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012081430A1 WO2012081430A1 PCT/JP2011/078018 JP2011078018W WO2012081430A1 WO 2012081430 A1 WO2012081430 A1 WO 2012081430A1 JP 2011078018 W JP2011078018 W JP 2011078018W WO 2012081430 A1 WO2012081430 A1 WO 2012081430A1
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- pseudopolyrotaxane
- aqueous dispersion
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- cyclodextrin
- drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G83/00—Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G81/00
- C08G83/007—Polyrotaxanes; Polycatenanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0012—Cyclodextrin [CD], e.g. cycle with 6 units (alpha), with 7 units (beta) and with 8 units (gamma), large-ring cyclodextrin or cycloamylose with 9 units or more; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0012—Cyclodextrin [CD], e.g. cycle with 6 units (alpha), with 7 units (beta) and with 8 units (gamma), large-ring cyclodextrin or cycloamylose with 9 units or more; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0015—Inclusion compounds, i.e. host-guest compounds, e.g. polyrotaxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/06—Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/14—Powdering or granulating by precipitation from solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/02—Polyalkylene oxides
Definitions
- the crosslinked polyrotaxane can be obtained by crosslinking a plurality of polyrotaxanes having blocking groups introduced at both ends of the pseudopolyrotaxane.
- the pseudopolyrotaxane is composed of polyethylene glycol (hereinafter also referred to as “PEG”) and cyclodextrin that includes the PEG
- the resulting crosslinked polyrotaxane is penetrated in a PEG-like straight chain molecule. Since cyclodextrin is movable along the straight chain molecule (pulley effect), even if tension is applied, the tension can be uniformly dispersed by the pulley effect. Therefore, the cross-linked polyrotaxane has excellent properties that are not found in conventional cross-linked polymers, such as being less prone to cracks and scratches.
- the pseudo polyrotaxane used for the production of the crosslinked polyrotaxane is usually produced by mixing PEG and cyclodextrin in an aqueous medium, it is obtained as an aqueous dispersion.
- both ends of PEG are -COOH groups, and the blocking group reacts with the -COOH group.
- the blocking group reacts with the -COOH group.
- it is effective to react as —NH 2 group, —OH group or the like.
- water in the system deactivates the reaction.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a method for producing a pseudopolyrotaxane that can produce a dry pseudopolyrotaxane having a high inclusion rate by an industrially advantageous method.
- the present inventors have found that a dry pseudopolyrotaxane having a high inclusion rate can be produced industrially advantageously by using a method of drying the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion in the form of a thin film in the drying step, The present invention has been completed.
- the weight average molecular weight of the PEG is preferably from 1,000 to 500,000, more preferably from 10,000 to 300,000, and even more preferably from 10,000 to 100,000.
- the resulting crosslinked polyrotaxane may have low properties. If the weight average molecular weight of the PEG exceeds 500,000, the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion has low fluidity, and it may be difficult to form a thin film in the drying step.
- the said weight average molecular weight is a value calculated
- the PEG preferably has reactive groups at both ends.
- a reactive group can be introduced into both ends of the PEG by a conventionally known method.
- the reactive group at both ends of the PEG can be appropriately changed depending on the type of blocking group employed, and is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a thiol group. Is preferred.
- As a method for introducing a carboxyl group into both ends of the PEG for example, using TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy radical) and sodium hypochlorite, Examples include a method of oxidizing both ends.
- cyclodextrin examples include ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and derivatives thereof.
- ⁇ -cyclodextrin is preferable from the viewpoint of inclusion.
- These cyclodextrins may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- aqueous medium examples include water, an aqueous mixture of water and an aqueous organic solvent such as DMF and DMSO, and water is particularly preferably used.
- both may be added and mixed in the aqueous medium, but it is preferable to dissolve PEG and cyclodextrin in the aqueous medium.
- an almost transparent mixed solution can be obtained by heating and dissolving usually at 50 to 100 ° C., preferably 60 to 90 ° C., more preferably 70 to 80 ° C.
- pseudopolyrotaxane particles composed of PEG and cyclodextrin precipitate, and a substantially white pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is obtained.
- the mixed solution When the mixed solution is cooled, it is cooled continuously or intermittently while flowing the mixed solution to precipitate the pseudopolyrotaxane particles. Since the body can be obtained, the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion can be easily formed into a thin film in the drying step.
- the pseudo-polyrotaxane particles having a very low fluidity such as a paste or cream, or a non-fluid gel-like pseudopolyrotaxane, are deposited by cooling under standing. An aqueous dispersion is obtained. Even a pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion obtained in the form of a paste or cream loses its fluidity over time, so it can be given fluidity by stirring and mixing under appropriate conditions before the drying step. It is preferable to keep.
- the cooling rate for cooling the mixed solution is preferably 0.01 to 30 ° C./min, more preferably 0.05 to 20 ° C./min, and 0.05 to 10 ° C./min. More preferably it is. If the cooling rate at the time of cooling the mixed solution is less than 0.01 ° C./minute, the deposited pseudopolyrotaxane particles become too fine, and the fluidity of the resulting pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion may be reduced. If the cooling rate at the time of cooling the mixed solution exceeds 30 ° C./min, the pseudopolyrotaxane particles become large, so that the dispersion stability is lowered, and sedimentation may occur.
- pseudopolyrotaxane particles can be precipitated more completely, so that they can be intermittently cooled, and the cooling rate and the flow state of the mixed solution can be changed during the cooling process. .
- the time for maintaining the fluid state of the obtained pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is usually several seconds to one week, preferably several hours to 3 days.
- a conventionally known method such as stirring with a stirring blade or ultrasonic irradiation can be used.
- the degree to which the mixed solution is fluidized is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily selected from the degree that the mixed solution slightly flows by gentle stirring to the intense fluid state by strong stirring with a homogenizer or the like. Dispersion stability decreases due to an increase in the amount of precipitated pseudopolyrotaxane particles, which may cause sedimentation. In an excessively flowing state, the deposited pseudopolyrotaxane particles become too fine, resulting in a decrease in the fluidity of the resulting pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion. There is a case. On the other hand, when the mixed solution is cooled in a state where it does not flow, it becomes a gel-like pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion having extremely low fluidity or no fluidity.
- the volume average particle diameter of the particles in the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion exceeds 200 ⁇ m, the particles in the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion may precipitate and separate.
- the volume average particle size of the particles in the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion can be analyzed by a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer.
- the concentration of the pseudopolyrotaxane in the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is preferably 5 to 25 wt%, more preferably 5 to 20 wt%, and preferably 10 to 20 wt%. Further preferred.
- the solid content concentration of the pseudo-polyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is less than 5 wt%, it is not economical. If the solid content concentration of the pseudo-polyrotaxane aqueous dispersion exceeds 25 wt%, the fluidity of the pseudo-polyrotaxane aqueous dispersion decreases, and it may be difficult to form a thin film in the drying step.
- the method for producing a pseudopolyrotaxane according to the present invention includes a drying step of drying the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion obtained in the inclusion step to obtain a pseudopolyrotaxane.
- the drying step the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is dried into a thin film.
- a method for forming the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion into a thin film for example, a spray coating method, a spin coating method, a dip coating method, or the like can be used.
- the film thickness when the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is formed into a thin film is preferably 0.1 to 2 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, and preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm. Further preferred. If the film thickness of the pseudo-polyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is less than 0.1 mm, the yield per hour is low, which is not economical. If the film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is less than 2 mm, the drying may be insufficient.
- the method for controlling the film thickness when the pseudo-polyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is made into a thin film varies depending on the drying apparatus to be used. It can be appropriately controlled depending on the body supply speed.
- a pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion is attached to the surface of a heated drum as a thin film, and immediately evaporated and dried, and the dried product is continuously fed with a fixed knife while the drum rotates once.
- the dried pseudopolyrotaxane can be obtained by scraping it from the drum surface.
- the drying temperature in the drying step is preferably 70 to 200 ° C., more preferably 90 to 180 ° C., and further preferably 100 to 170 ° C. If the drying temperature is less than 70 ° C., drying may be insufficient. When the drying temperature exceeds 200 ° C., the pseudopolyrotaxane may be decomposed and the inclusion rate may be reduced.
- the inclusion rate of the dry pseudopolyrotaxane can be 6 to 60%. If the inclusion rate is less than 6%, the pulley effect may not be exhibited. If the inclusion rate exceeds 60%, cyclodextrin, which is a cyclic molecule, may be arranged too densely and the mobility of cyclodextrin may be reduced. In order for cyclodextrin to have appropriate mobility and a higher inclusion rate, the inclusion rate is preferably 15 to 40%, more preferably 20 to 30%.
- the inclusion rate is a ratio of the inclusion amount of cyclodextrin containing PEG to the maximum inclusion amount of cyclodextrin in PEG, the mixing ratio of PEG and cyclodextrin, aqueous It can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the type of the medium.
- the maximum inclusion amount refers to the number of cyclodextrins in the closest enclosure state in which one cyclodextrin is included in two repeating units of the PEG chain.
- the inclusion rate can be measured by 1 H-NMR. However, when dried pseudopolyrotaxane is dissolved and analyzed, cyclodextrin is liberated and an accurate inclusion rate cannot be obtained.
- the inclusion rate obtained by analyzing after modification to a polyrotaxane introduced with blocking groups at both ends of the pseudopolyrotaxane so as not to be released can be regarded as the inclusion rate of the produced dry pseudopolyrotaxane.
- the inclusion rate was measured by dissolving a polyrotaxane having blocking groups introduced into both ends of the pseudopolyrotaxane in DMSO-d 6 and measuring with an NMR measuring apparatus (VARIAN Mercury-400BB). It can be calculated by comparing the integrated value derived from cyclodextrin of ⁇ 6 ppm with the integrated values of cyclodextrin and PEG of 3 to 4 ppm.
- the manufacturing method of the pseudo polyrotaxane which can manufacture the dry pseudo polyrotaxane which has a high inclusion rate by an industrially advantageous method can be provided.
- a pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion (solid content concentration: 13 wt%) was obtained.
- the volume average particle size of the particles in the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was 10 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 A dried pseudopolyrotaxane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was dried at a drum surface temperature of 170 ° C. and a drum rotation speed of 2 rpm (drying time 20 seconds). The film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.5 mm. Moreover, the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 2.5 wt%.
- Example 3 A dried pseudopolyrotaxane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was dried at a drum surface temperature of 100 ° C. and a drum rotation speed of 0.5 rpm (drying time 90 seconds). The film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.1 mm. Moreover, the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 5.0 wt%.
- Example 4 A dry pseudopolyrotaxane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the rotation speed of the stirring blade was 75 rpm and the cooling rate was 0.1 ° C./min in the preparation of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion.
- the prepared pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was an emulsion with good fluidity, and the median particle size was 50 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.3 mm.
- the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 2.0 wt%.
- Example 5 A dry pseudopolyrotaxane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the rotation speed of the stirring blade was 7000 rpm and the cooling rate was 10 ° C./min in the preparation of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion.
- the prepared pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was a slightly fluid emulsion and had a median particle size of 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.5 mm.
- the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 2.7 wt%.
- Example 6 In preparing the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion, a pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was cooled without being stirred.
- the prepared pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion had a slight fluidity and was pasty, so it was diluted with 150 g of water (the solid content concentration of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was 11 wt%), and then stirred with a spatula to obtain a fluid state. Then, it was dried in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a dried pseudopolyrotaxane.
- the film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.3 mm.
- the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 3.1 wt%.
- Example 7 A dry pseudopolyrotaxane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that PEG having carboxyl groups at both ends prepared in Production Example 2 was used.
- the prepared aqueous pseudopolyrotaxane dispersion was a slightly fluid emulsion in which the median particle size was 15 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.3 mm. Further, the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 3.6 wt%.
- Example 8 In preparing the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion, a pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was cooled without being stirred. The prepared pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion did not show any fluidity, so after being diluted with 250 g of water (solid content concentration of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was 10 wt%), the mixture was stirred with a spatula to obtain a slightly fluid state. Drying was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a dried pseudopolyrotaxane. The film thickness of the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion adhering to the drum was 0.3 mm. Moreover, the water content of the obtained dry pseudopolyrotaxane was 3.4 wt%.
- Example 2 A pseudopolyrotaxane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the pseudopolyrotaxane aqueous dispersion was dried under reduced pressure at 20 ° C. for 96 hours. The obtained pseudo polyrotaxane was a hard lump and the water content was 4.0 wt%.
- the manufacturing method of the pseudo polyrotaxane which can manufacture the dry pseudo polyrotaxane which has a high inclusion rate by an industrially advantageous method can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、このような擬ポリロタキサンの両末端に封鎖基を導入する反応においては系内の水分が反応を失活させるため、反応を効率よく進行させるには、反応系中に水が存在しないかまたは水分量を極めて微量に制御する必要があり、擬ポリロタキサンの水性分散体を遠心分離、濾過などにより固液分離した後、または水性分散体をそのまま乾燥し、充分に水を除去する必要があった。
また、70℃以下の乾燥温度であっても含水状態で長時間加熱するとシクロデキストリンが遊離してしまうという問題があった。
本発明の目的は、上記の課題を解決し、高い包接率を有する乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを工業的に有利な方法で製造することができる擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法を提供することにある。
以下に本発明を詳述する。
なお、本明細書において、前記重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定を行い、ポリエチレングリコール換算により求められる値である。GPCによってポリエチレングリコール換算による重量平均分子量を測定する際のカラムとしては、例えば、TSKgel SuperAWM-H(東ソー社製)等が挙げられる。
前記PEGの両末端に有する反応性基は、採用する封鎖基の種類により適宜変更することができ、特に限定されないが、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、チオール基などが挙げられ、とりわけ、カルボキシル基が好ましい。前記PEGの両末端にカルボキシル基を導入する方法としては、例えば、TEMPO(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-1-ピペリジニルオキシラジカル)と次亜塩素酸ナトリウムとを用いてPEGの両末端を酸化させる方法等が挙げられる。
なお、前記混合溶液を冷却する際に、静置下で冷却して擬ポリロタキサン粒子を析出させた場合には、極めて流動性の低いペースト状やクリーム状、または流動性のないゲル状の擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体が得られる。ペースト状やクリーム状で得られた擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体であっても経時的に流動性を失うため、乾燥工程の前に適当な条件下で攪拌、混合するなどにより、流動性を付与しておくことが好ましい。
混合溶液を流動させる程度は特に限定されず、緩やかな攪拌により混合溶液が僅かに流動する程度からホモジナイザー等での強攪拌による激しい流動状態まで任意に選択することが出来るが、過小な流動状態では析出する擬ポリロタキサン粒子が大きくなるため分散安定性が低下し、沈降分離する場合があり、過大な流動状態では析出する擬ポリロタキサン粒子が微細となりすぎるため得られる擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の流動性が低下する場合がある。
一方、混合溶液を流動させない状態で冷却した場合、極めて流動性が低いか流動性のないゲル状の擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体となる。
なお、本明細書において前記擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体中の粒子の体積平均粒子径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置により分析することが出来る。
前記乾燥工程では、擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を薄膜状にして乾燥する。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を薄膜状とする際の膜厚を制御する方法は、使用する乾燥装置などにより異なるが、例えば、後述するドラムドライヤーを用いる場合、ドラム間隔、ドラム回転数、擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の供給速度などにより適宜制御することができる。
なお、本明細書において前記包接率とは、PEGへのシクロデキストリンの最大包接量に対するPEGを包接しているシクロデキストリンの包接量の割合であり、PEGとシクロデキストリンの混合比、水性媒体の種類などを変化させることにより、任意に調整することが出来る。また、前記最大包接量とは、PEG鎖の繰り返し単位2つに対し、シクロデキストリンが1つ包接された最密包接状態とした場合のシクロデキストリンの個数をいう。
1L容のフラスコ内で、PEG(重量平均分子量35000)100g、TEMPO(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-1-ピペリジニルオキシラジカル)1g、臭化ナトリウム10gを水1Lに溶解させた。次いで、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液(有効塩素濃度5%)50mLを添加し、室温で30分間撹拌した。余った次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを分解させるために、エタノールを50mL添加して反応を終了させた。
分液ロートを用い、500mLの塩化メチレンを用いた抽出を3回繰り返して有機層を分取した後、エバポレーターで塩化メチレンを留去し、2Lの温エタノールに溶解させてから冷凍庫(-4℃)中で一晩静置し、両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEGのみを析出させ、回収し、減圧乾燥することにより両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEG100gを得た。
1L容のフラスコ内で、高分子量PEG(重量平均分子量10万)100g、TEMPO(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-1-ピペリジニルオキシラジカル)1g、臭化ナトリウム10gを水1Lに溶解させた。次いで、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液(有効塩素濃度5%)50mLを添加し、室温で30分間撹拌した。余った次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを分解させるために、エタノールを50mL添加して反応を終了させた。
分液ロートを用い、500mLの塩化メチレンを用いた抽出を3回繰り返して有機層を分取した後、エバポレーターで塩化メチレンを留去し、2Lの温エタノールに溶解させてから冷凍庫(-4℃)中で一晩静置し、両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEGのみを析出させ、回収し、減圧乾燥することにより両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEG100gを得た。
(1)両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEGとα-シクロデキストリンとを用いた擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の調製
攪拌機付きの1L容のフラスコ内に、水650mLを加え、製造例1で調製した両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEG20g及びα-シクロデキストリン80gを70℃まで加熱し、溶解させた。
攪拌翼を用い、700rpmの回転速度で攪拌しながら、0.4℃/分の冷却速度にて5℃まで冷却し、さらに同温度にて10時間攪拌し続けることにより、流動性のよい乳液状の擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体(固形分濃度13wt%)を得た。
レーザー回折式粒径測定装置を用いて測定した結果、擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体中の粒子の体積平均粒子径は10μmであった。
調製した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体750gをダブルドラム型ドラムドライヤー(カツラギ工業社製、「D-0303型」)を用いてドラム表面温度120℃、ドラム回転数1rpm(乾燥時間40秒)にて乾燥し、乾燥体93gを得た。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.3mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は2.3wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の乾燥において、ドラム表面温度を170℃、ドラム回転数を2rpm(乾燥時間20秒)とした以外は実施例1と同様にして乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.5mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は2.5wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の乾燥において、ドラム表面温度を100℃、ドラム回転数を0.5rpm(乾燥時間90秒)とした以外は実施例1と同様にして乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.1mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は5.0wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の調製において、攪拌翼の回転速度を75rpm、冷却速度を0.1℃/分とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。調製した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体は、流動性のよい乳液状であり、中位粒子径は50μmであった。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.3mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は2.0wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の調製において、攪拌翼の回転速度を7000rpm、冷却速度を10℃/分とした以外は、実施例2と同様にして乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。調製した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体は、やや流動性のある乳液状であり、中位粒子径は1.5μmであった。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.5mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は2.7wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の調製において、攪拌することなく静置下で冷却した以外は、実施例1と同様にして擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を得た。調製した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体は、僅かな流動性しかなく、ペースト状であったため水150gで希釈後(擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の固形分濃度11wt%)、スパチュラで攪拌し、流動性のある状態とした後、実施例1と同様にして乾燥し、乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.3mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は3.1wt%であった。
製造例2で調製した両末端にカルボキシル基を有するPEGを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。調製した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体は、やや流動性のある乳液状の分散体であり、中位粒子径は15μmであった。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.3mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は3.6wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の調製において、攪拌することなく静置下で冷却した以外は、実施例7と同様にして擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を得た。調製した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体は、全く流動性を示さなかったため水250gで希釈後(擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の固形分濃度10wt%)、スパチュラで攪拌し、やや流動性のある状態とした後、実施例1と同様にして乾燥し、乾燥擬ポリロタキサンを得た。ドラムに付着した擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の膜厚は0.3mmであった。また、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサンの含水率は3.4wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を凍結乾燥(-10~20℃にて48時間乾燥)した以外は、実施例1と同様にして擬ポリロタキサンを得た。得られた擬ポリロタキサンは多孔質の塊状物であり、含水率は1.2wt%であった。
擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を20℃にて96時間減圧乾燥した以外は、実施例1と同様にして擬ポリロタキサンを得た。得られた擬ポリロタキサンは硬い塊状物であり、含水率は4.0wt%であった。
実施例及び比較例で得られた擬ポリロタキサンについて、以下の方法により包接率を測定した。結果を表1に示した。
1L容のフラスコ内で、室温でジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)170mLにアダマンタンアミン0.5gを溶解し、得られた乾燥擬ポリロタキサン50gに添加した後、速やかによく振りまぜた。
続いて、BOP試薬(ベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル-オキシ-トリス(ジメチルアミノ)ホスホニウム・ヘキサフルオロフォスフェート)1.3gをDMF80mLに溶解したものを添加し、速やかによく振りまぜた。
さらに、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン0.50mLをDMF80mLに溶解したものを添加し、速やかによく振り混ぜた。得られた混合物を冷蔵庫中で一晩静置した。
その後、DMF300mLを加えてよく混ぜ、遠心分離して上澄みを捨てる洗浄操作を行った。このDMFによる洗浄操作を合計2回繰り返した後、得られた沈澱を2000mLの熱水(70℃)に分散させ、よく攪拌し濾過する洗浄操作を行った。
この熱水による洗浄操作を合計4回繰り返し、回収した沈殿を凍結乾燥させ最終的に精製ポリロタキサンを得た。
得られたポリロタキサンの包接率は、1H-NMRで同定した。得られた包接率は、擬ポリロタキサンの包接率とみなすことが出来る。
Claims (10)
- ポリエチレングリコールとシクロデキストリンとを水性媒体中で混合し、シクロデキストリン分子の開口部に前記ポリエチレングリコールが串刺し状に包接された擬ポリロタキサン粒子を含有する擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を得る包接工程と、前記包接工程で得られた擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を乾燥して擬ポリロタキサンを得る乾燥工程とを有する擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法であって、
前記乾燥工程において、擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を薄膜状にして乾燥する
ことを特徴とする擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。 - ポリエチレングリコールの重量平均分子量が1000~50万である請求項1記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- ポリエチレングリコールとシクロデキストリンとの重量比が1:2~1:5である請求項1または2記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 包接工程において、ポリエチレングリコールとシクロデキストリンとを、水性媒体中に溶解して混合溶液を調製した後、前記混合溶液を流動させながら連続的または断続的に冷却し、擬ポリロタキサン粒子を析出させることにより、擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体を得る請求項1、2または3記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 冷却速度が0.01~30℃/分である請求項4記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体の固形分濃度が5~25wt%である請求項1、2、3、4または5記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 擬ポリロタキサン水性分散体中の粒子の体積平均粒子径が1~200μmである請求項1、2、3、4、5または6記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 乾燥工程における乾燥温度が70~200℃である請求項1、2、3、4、5、6または7記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 乾燥工程における系の圧力が大気圧以下である請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7または8記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
- 乾燥工程における乾燥時間が10分以下である請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8または9記載の擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法。
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| ES11849831.0T ES2552038T3 (es) | 2010-12-16 | 2011-12-05 | Método para la producción de un pseudopolirrotaxano |
| US13/994,529 US9120901B2 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2011-12-05 | Method for producing pseudopolyrotaxane |
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| ES2559226T3 (es) * | 2010-12-16 | 2016-02-11 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Método para producir una dispersión acuosa de pseudopolirrotaxano |
| WO2012081430A1 (ja) | 2010-12-16 | 2012-06-21 | 住友精化株式会社 | 擬ポリロタキサンの製造方法 |
| US9238696B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2016-01-19 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Production method for powdered hydrophilic modified polyrotaxane |
| CA2829854C (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2017-10-24 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals | Production method for hydrophilic modified polyrotaxane |
| CN107108762B (zh) * | 2015-01-09 | 2020-01-10 | 住友精化株式会社 | 准聚轮烷水性分散体的制造方法 |
| CN110330667B (zh) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆科技学院 | 一种水溶性聚轮烷交联剂的简便制备方法及其产品 |
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| See also references of EP2653482A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2012081430A1 (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
| ES2552038T3 (es) | 2015-11-25 |
| EP2653482A4 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
| KR101817380B1 (ko) | 2018-01-11 |
| EP2653482B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| CN103221431A (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
| JP6013190B2 (ja) | 2016-10-25 |
| CA2821894A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
| US20130317209A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
| KR20140034741A (ko) | 2014-03-20 |
| US9120901B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 |
| EP2653482A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| CN103221431B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
| CA2821894C (en) | 2018-07-10 |
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