WO2012083531A1 - 料仓破拱装置 - Google Patents

料仓破拱装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012083531A1
WO2012083531A1 PCT/CN2010/080118 CN2010080118W WO2012083531A1 WO 2012083531 A1 WO2012083531 A1 WO 2012083531A1 CN 2010080118 W CN2010080118 W CN 2010080118W WO 2012083531 A1 WO2012083531 A1 WO 2012083531A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silo
movable sleeve
breaking device
rotating shaft
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2010/080118
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于红燕
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/CN2010/080118 priority Critical patent/WO2012083531A1/zh
Priority to AU2010366220A priority patent/AU2010366220B2/en
Priority to US13/995,388 priority patent/US9481511B2/en
Priority to CA2822154A priority patent/CA2822154C/en
Priority to BR112013014721A priority patent/BR112013014721A2/pt
Priority to EP10860967.8A priority patent/EP2657152B1/en
Publication of WO2012083531A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012083531A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
    • B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
    • B65D88/68—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation using rotating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/073—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft with stirring elements moving with respect to the stirrer shaft, e.g. floating or comprising contracting chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a silo for storing materials, and more particularly to a silo breaking device.
  • the current arch-breaking devices mainly include vibration breaking arches and pneumatic arching.
  • the vibration breaking arch uses the vibration of the vibrator to activate the material in the silo, weaken the shear stress between the materials and the friction between the material and the wall, and promote the flow of the material.
  • Pneumatic arching is to install some compressed air nozzles in the silo, aiming at the easy arching area, using compressed air to spray the arched materials, causing them to collapse, thus achieving the purpose of arching.
  • These two methods will play a role in breaking the arch for dry powdery materials or materials with better dispersion.
  • vibration will only make the material more sturdy and firmer; the pneumatic arching force is relatively small, and will provide a large amount of air into the silo. It is difficult to really play a role in breaking the arch.
  • a silo breaking device comprising: a rotating shaft supported in the silo and disposed along the axial direction of the silo, the input end of which is connected to a driving Institutionally, the driving mechanism drives the rotation thereof;
  • Each group of broken arch units includes:
  • Fixing sleeve, fixed sleeve is set on the rotating shaft, and is rotated by the rotating shaft;
  • the movable sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and one of the two end faces adjacent to the fixed sleeve is formed as an end cam profile, and the other has an abutting member movable along the end cam profile.
  • the end cam profile cooperates with the abutting member to form an end cam structure, so that when the fixing sleeve and the movable sleeve rotate relative to each other, the movable sleeve can reciprocate along the axial direction of the silo; More than one broken arch arm has one end attached to the movable sleeve and the other end extending radially along the radial direction to a position adjacent to the inner wall of the silo.
  • the end faces of the movable sleeve abutting the fixed sleeve are formed as a convex-concave end face cam profile, wherein a convex portion of one end face cam profile is formed as the abutment.
  • the abutment member may be a contact protrusion that protrudes from the end face of the movable sleeve or the end face of the fixed sleeve.
  • the abutment member can be a roller structure.
  • the end cam profile of the present invention may be a sinusoid of more than one cycle after deployment.
  • the end cam profile includes more than one V-groove profile.
  • the axial direction of the silo may be a vertical direction, and the movable sleeve is located above the fixed sleeve.
  • each set of arching units may be further provided with an elastic thrusting device that applies a top thrust toward the movable sleeve in the direction of the fixed sleeve.
  • the elastic pushing device may include a fixed retaining ring coupled to the rotating shaft and an elastic member abutting between the fixed retaining ring and the movable sleeve.
  • the elastic member can be a compression spring.
  • the arms of the broken arch end of the adjacent group of arching units are staggered in the radial direction of the silo.
  • the rotating shaft of the silo breaking device of the invention is rotatably supported in the silo by a rotating shaft centering frame.
  • the silo breaking device of the invention when the material is outputted outward from the silo, the fixing sleeve in the arching unit is rotated by the rotating shaft, and when the resistance of the material is small, there is no between the movable sleeve and the fixed sleeve. Relative movement, the movable sleeve drives the broken arch arm to rotate with the rotation of the fixed sleeve. When the resistance of the material increases, the rotation of the movable sleeve is blocked, so that a relative between the movable sleeve and the fixed sleeve is generated.
  • the arching device of the invention not only has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, but also is not limited by the humidity and viscosity of the material, and can effectively realize various materials, especially biomass materials.
  • the silo broke the arch.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a silo breaking device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a structure of a silo breaking device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing one end face cam structure of a movable sleeve and a fixed sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein a state in which the end face cam profile of the movable sleeve and the fixed sleeve are completely convex-concave;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of one end face cam of a movable sleeve and a fixed sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the movable sleeve and the fixed sleeve are in a state of being moved axially after relative rotation; ;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the cam profile of an end face cam structure of the arch unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing one of the mating positions of another end face cam structure of the arch unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is another end face cam structure of the arching unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is another end face cam structure of the arching unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is still another end face cam structure of the arching unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 to FIG. 13 are other examples of the arching unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a silo breaking device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing one of the mating positions of an end face cam structure of the arch unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is another mating position of an end face cam structure of a broken arch unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is another end face cam structure of a broken arch unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. a schematic diagram of one of the matching positions;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing another matching position of another end face cam structure of the arching unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • 19 to 22 are schematic views showing another structure of an end face cam according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figs. 23 to 24 are views showing two other modifications of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a silo breaking device 100 that is disposed within a silo 2.
  • the arching device 100 includes a rotating shaft 11 and a plurality of arching units 10 connected to the rotating shaft 11.
  • the rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported in the silo 2 and disposed along the axial direction of the silo 2, and the input end thereof is connected to a driving mechanism 3, and the driving mechanism 3 drives the rotation thereof; more than one broken arch unit is connected to On the rotating shaft 11, it can move up and down or rotate with the rotation of the rotating shaft 11.
  • Each of the arching units 10 includes a fixed sleeve 101, a movable sleeve 102 and one or more broken arches 103.
  • the fixed sleeve 101 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 11, and is rotated by the rotating shaft 11; the movable sleeve 102
  • the movable sleeve is disposed on the rotating shaft 11, and one of the end faces of the movable sleeve 102 adjacent to the fixed sleeve 101 is formed as an end cam profile 104, and the other has an abutment along the end cam profile 104.
  • the end face cam profile 104 cooperates with the abutting member 105 to form an end face cam structure, so that when the fixed sleeve 101 and the movable sleeve 102 rotate relative to each other, the movable sleeve 102 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the silo 2;
  • One end of the broken arm 103 is coupled to the movable sleeve 102, and the other end extends in the radial direction of the silo 2 to a position adjacent to the inner wall of the silo.
  • the fixing sleeve 101 in the arching unit 10 is rotated by the rotating shaft 11.
  • the resistance of the material is small, there is no relative movement between the movable sleeve 102 and the fixed sleeve 101.
  • the movable sleeve 102 will drive the broken arch 103 thereon to rotate with the rotation of the fixed sleeve 101.
  • the shaft of the silo 2 may be a vertical direction, and the shaft 11 is correspondingly vertically disposed within the silo 2.
  • the movable sleeve 102 in each set of arching units, is disposed above the fixed sleeve 101 such that the abutment member 105 of the end face cam structure between the movable sleeve 105 and the fixed sleeve 101 Can always abut against the end cam profile 104 under the action of gravity, so that the movable sleeve 102 can follow the end face
  • the cam profile 104 changes up and down.
  • the movable sleeve 102 and the fixed sleeve 101 rotate relative to each other, the movable sleeve 102 can move up and down under the action of the end cam structure, thereby driving the broken arm 103 connected to the movable sleeve 102 to move up and down,
  • the material in the silo is disturbed up and down.
  • the material adjacent to the inner wall of the silo can not be arched by the inner wall of the silo, so that the material can flow smoothly and the material is realized. The effective destruction of the warehouse.
  • each set of arching units 10 is also provided with a direction
  • the movable sleeve 102 applies an elastic pushing device 106 toward the top thrust of the fixed sleeve direction 101, thereby exerting an elastic pushing action on the movable sleeve by the elastic pushing device 106, so that the movable sleeve 105 and the fixed sleeve 101
  • the abutment member 105 of the end face cam structure can always abut against the end face cam profile 104 such that the movable sleeve 102 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the magazine 2 as the end face cam profile 104 changes.
  • the movable sleeve 102 can drive the broken arch arm 103 connected thereto to reciprocate in the axial direction of the silo 2, and the material in the silo 2 is carried out.
  • the axial disturbance, especially the material adjacent to the inner wall of the silo can not be arched by the inner wall of the silo under the axial disturbance of the broken arm 103, so that the material can flow smoothly, and the silo 2 is effectively realized.
  • the embodiment of the present invention ensures that the abutment of the end cam structure and the end cam profile are abutted by the elastic pushing device, and does not require gravity, so it can be applied as shown in FIGS. 14-22.
  • the axial direction of the silo 2 is in a horizontal direction or in a silo that is at an angle to the horizontal direction, such as a silo placed on a transport vehicle.
  • the silo breaking unit 10 having the elastic pushing device 106 can also be applied to the axial direction of the silo 2 in the vertical direction, but the resistance of the material is very large, and the abutting member of the end cam structure is difficult to pass the gravity. It is always abutted on the end cam profile 104, as shown in FIG.
  • the silo breaking unit 10 of the elastic pushing device 106 can also be applied to the axially vertical manner of the silo 2, and the movable sleeve 102 is located below the fixed sleeve 101. in.
  • the elastic pushing device 106 may include a fixed retaining ring 1061 coupled to the rotating shaft 11 and abutting against the fixed retaining ring 1061 and the movable portion.
  • the elastic member 1062 can be specifically a compression spring.
  • the end faces of the movable sleeve 102 adjacent to the fixed sleeve 101 may be formed as convex and concave end faces.
  • the end cam profile 104 of the end face cam structure of the present invention can be a Sinusoid above the period.
  • the sinusoidal end face cam profile 104 the rotation of the rotating shaft 11 can be made, and the movement of the end face cam structure formed between the fixed sleeve 101 and the movable sleeve 102 is relatively stable.
  • the period of the sinusoid actually reflects the end cam knot
  • the change of the convex and concave of the structure that is, the number of reciprocating movements of the movable sleeve 102 in the axial direction per revolution of the rotating shaft 11 can be selected, and the appropriate number of cycles can be selected according to factors such as the material condition and the size of the silo.
  • the end cam profile 104 of the end face cam structure of the present invention can include more than one V-groove profile.
  • the structure of the end cam profile 104 is relatively simple and low in cost.
  • end cam profile 104 is not limited thereto, and the end cam profile 104 can be used as long as the movable sleeve 102 can be rotated relative to the fixed sleeve 101.
  • the movable sleeve 102 can be reciprocated along the axial direction of the silo 2, and can be realized by using various existing end cam profiles, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the abutting member 105 may protrude from The end surface of the movable sleeve 102 or the contact protrusion of the end surface of the fixed sleeve 101.
  • the end of the contact protrusion abuts against the end cam profile 104 such that when the movable sleeve 102 is rotated relative to the fixed sleeve 101, the movable sleeve 102 is along the axis of the silo 2 as the end cam profile changes. Reciprocating.
  • the abutment member 105 may be a roller structure.
  • the roller of the roller structure abuts on the end cam profile 104, so that when the movable sleeve 102 rotates relative to the fixed sleeve 101, the movable sleeve 102 reciprocates along the axial direction of the silo 2 as the end cam profile changes. motion.
  • the abutting member 105 is not limited thereto as long as it can abut against the end face cam.
  • the end surface cam structure can reciprocate the movable sleeve 102 along the axial direction of the silo 2, and the specific structure of the abutting member 105 can be Make restrictions.
  • the end face cam profile 104 may be formed on the end face of the fixed sleeve 101,
  • the abutting member 105 is formed on the corresponding end surface of the movable sleeve 102.
  • the end surface of the fixing sleeve 101 is abutted on the end surface cam profile 104.
  • the abutment member 105 forms the end face cam profile 104 on the movable sleeve 102.
  • the end portion of the breaking arm 103 adjacent to the inner wall of the silo may be further provided with an arm 1031 extending in the axial direction of the silo 2 to improve the arching effect.
  • an arm 1031 extending in the axial direction of the silo 2 to improve the arching effect.
  • a plurality of axially extending arms 1031 may be provided on the arched arm 103 to improve the arching effect.
  • the arched arm 103 can be fixedly coupled to the movable sleeve 102.
  • the arching arm 103 can also be hinged to the movable sleeve 102, and can be provided with a limiting structure that defines the working angle of the broken arch wall.
  • the defining arch arm 103 can be within 15 degrees. Activities, etc.
  • the arms 1031 at the ends of the 103 are staggered in the radial direction of the silo 2 to avoid friction of the arm 1031 with the inner wall of the silo due to the uneven wall surface of the silo 2.
  • the number of sets of the arch unit 10 and the number of the broken arms 103 provided in each of the sets of arch units can be selected as needed according to the height, diameter, and material condition of the silo.
  • the rotating shaft 11 of the silo breaking device 100 of the present invention can be rotatably supported in the silo 2 by a rotating shaft centering frame 107.
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 24 are only a few specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can differently face the cam profile 104 and the end cam structure as needed. 105.
  • the movable sleeve 102 and the position of the fixed sleeve 101 in the arching device, the axial direction of the silo 2, and the arrangement of the elastic pushing device 106 are arranged and combined to form a plurality of different specific embodiments. , no longer detailed here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)

Description

料仓破拱装置
技术领域
本发明有关于一种用于储存物料的料仓， 具体地讲， 有关于一种料仓破拱装置。
技术背景
在料仓向外输出存储的物料时， 在料仓能容易形成圆顶形结拱弧面， 阻碍了物料的向 下流动， 使物料不能正常输出。 如何破拱， 使得物料能够顺利输出， 一直是引起人们关注 的难题。 目前的破拱装置主要有振动破拱、 气动破拱等方式。 振动破拱是利用振动器的振 动使料仓内的物料得以活化， 减弱物料之间的剪切应力及物料与仓壁间的摩擦力， 促进物 料流动排出。 气动破拱是在料仓内安装一些压缩空气喷嘴， 对准易结拱区， 利用压缩空气 喷射结拱的物料， 使其塌落， 从而实现破拱的目的。 这两种方式对于干燥的粉状物料或者 离散度比较好的物料会起到一定的破拱作用。 但是对于湿度比较大， 或者粘度大的物料， 例如生物质材料， 振动只会使物料越震结拱越结实； 而气动破拱的力量比较小， 并且会向 料仓内提供大量的空气， 都很难真正起到破拱作用。
因此有必要提供一种料仓破拱装置， 来克服现有破拱装置存在的缺陷， 能够适用于多 种物料的的破拱需要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于， 提供一种料仓破拱装置， 其能够对料仓的物料实现有效破拱， 使 得料仓内的物料流动顺畅。
本发明的上述目的可通过如下技术方案来实现： 一种料仓破拱装置， 其包括： 转轴， 转动支撑于料仓内， 并沿料仓的轴向方向设置， 其输入端连接于一驱动机构上， 由驱动机构驱动其转动；
一组以上的破拱单元， 其连接于转轴上；
每组破拱单元包括：
固定套筒， 固定套设于转轴上， 由转轴带动其转动；
活动套筒， 活动套设于转轴上， 该活动套筒与固定套筒邻接的两端面中， 其中一 个端面形成为端面凸轮轮廓， 另一个上具有可沿该端面凸轮轮廓移动的抵接件， 该端面凸 轮轮廓与抵接件相配合构成端面凸轮结构， 从而使得固定套筒与活动套筒相对转动时， 活 动套筒能够沿料仓的轴向往复运动； 一个以上的破拱臂， 一端连接于活动套筒上， 另一端沿料仓的径向延伸到邻近于 料仓内壁的位置。
在本发明的一个可选例子中， 该活动套筒与固定套筒邻接的两端面形成为凸凹配合的 端面凸轮轮廓， 其中一个端面凸轮轮廓的凸起部分形成为所述抵接件。
在本发明的另一个可选例子中， 所述的抵接件可为突出于活动套筒端面或固定套筒端 面的接触凸起。
在本发明的再一个可选例子中， 所述的抵接件可为滚轮结构。
在本发明的端面凸轮轮廓的一个可选例子中， 所述端面凸轮轮廓在展开后可为一个周 期以上的正弦曲线。
在本发明的端面凸轮轮廓的另一个可选例子中， 该端面凸轮轮廓包括一个以上的 V形 槽轮廓。
在一个可选的例子中， 所述料仓的轴向方向可为竖直方向， 所述的活动套筒位于固定 套筒的上方。
在本发明的一个可选例子中， 在每组破拱单元可进一步设置有向活动套筒施加朝向固 定套筒方向的顶推力的弹性顶推装置。
在上述例子中的一个具体实施结构中， 所述弹性顶推装置可包括连接于转轴上的固定 挡圈和抵顶在固定挡圈与活动套筒之间的弹性件。
在一个具体的例子中， 所述弹性件可为压缩弹簧。
对于具有两组以上破拱单元的料仓破拱装置， 相邻组的破拱单元的破拱臂端部的支臂 在料仓径向上错开设置。
本发明的料仓破拱装置的转轴通过一转轴定心架转动支撑于料仓内。
采用本发明的料仓破拱装置， 在料仓向外输出物料时， 破拱单元中的固定套筒在转轴 的带动下转动， 物料的阻力较小时， 活动套筒与固定套筒之间没有相对运动， 活动套筒带 动其上的破拱臂随固定套筒的转动而转动， 当物料的阻力增大时， 活动套筒的转动受阻， 而使得活动套筒与固定套筒之间产生相对运动， 从而在活动套筒与固定套筒之间的端面凸 轮结构的作用下， 活动套筒沿料仓的轴向往复运动， 从而带动其上的破拱臂往复运动， 沿 料仓的轴向翻动物料。 这样， 在料仓内， 破拱臂的轴向往复运动使得物料无法以仓壁为支 撑而形成结拱弧面， 从而实现了料仓的有效破拱。 与现有的振动破拱和气动破拱相比， 本 发明的破拱装置不但结构简单， 成本低， 而且不受物料湿度和粘度的限制， 能够有效实现 对多种物料， 尤其是生物质材料的料仓破拱。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例或现有技 术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明 的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以 根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明第一种实施方式的料仓破拱装置的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明的第一种实施方式的料仓破拱装置的俯视结构示意图；
图 3 为本发明的第一种实施方式的活动套筒与固定套筒的其中一种端面凸轮结构示意 图， 其中活动套筒与固定套筒的端面凸轮轮廓完全凸凹配合上的状态；
图 4 为本发明的第一种实施方式的活动套筒与固定套筒的其中一种端面凸轮结构示意 图， 其中活动套筒与固定套筒处于相对转动后活动套筒沿轴向移动后的状态；
图 5 为本发明的第一种实施方式的破拱单元的一种端面凸轮结构的凸轮轮廓展开示意 图；
图 6 为本发明的第一种实施方式的破拱单元的另一种端面凸轮结构其中一种配合位置 示意图；
图 7 为本发明的第一种实施方式的破拱单元的另一种端面凸轮结构另一种配合位置示 图 8 为本发明的第一种实施方式的破拱单元的再一种端面凸轮结构其中一种配合位置 示意图；
图 9 为本发明的第一种实施方式的破拱单元的再一种端面凸轮结构另一种配合位置示 图 10-图 13为本发明的第一种实施方式的破拱单元的另外几种端面凸轮结构示意图； 图 14为本发明的第二种实施方式的料仓破拱装置的结构示意图；
图 15为本发明的第二种实施方式的破拱单元的一种端面凸轮结构的其中一种配合位置 示意图；
图 16为本发明的第二种实施方式的破拱单元的一种端面凸轮结构的另一种配合位置示 图 17为本发明的第二种实施方式的破拱单元的另一种端面凸轮结构的其中一种配合位 置示意图；
图 18为本发明的第二种实施方式的破拱单元的另一种端面凸轮结构的另一种配合位置 示意图； 图 19-图 22为本发明的第二种实施方式的另外几种端面凸轮结构示意图； 图 23-图 24为本发明的第二种实施方式的另外两种变形例示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地 描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本 发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实 施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图 1-图 22所示， 本发明提供了一种料仓破拱装置 100， 该破拱装置 100设置于料 仓 2内。该破拱装置 100包括转轴 11和一组以上连接于该转轴 11上的破拱单元 10。其中 转轴 11转动支撑于料仓 2内， 并沿料仓 2的轴向方向设置， 其输入端连接于一驱动机构 3 上， 由驱动机构 3驱动其转动； 一组以上的破拱单元连接于转轴 11上， 能够随转轴 11的 转动而上下运动或转动。每组破拱单元 10包括有固定套筒 101、活动套筒 102以及一个以 上的破拱臂 103; 其中固定套筒 101固定套设于转轴 11上， 由转轴 11带动其转动； 活动 套筒 102活动套设与于转轴 11上， 该活动套筒 102与固定套筒 101邻接的两端面中， 其 中一个端面形成为端面凸轮轮廓 104， 另一个上具有可沿该端面凸轮轮廓 104移动的抵接 件 105， 该端面凸轮轮廓 104与抵接件 105相配合构成端面凸轮结构， 从而使得固定套筒 101与活动套筒 102相对转动时，活动套筒 102能够沿料仓 2的轴向往复运动；破拱臂 103 的一端连接于活动套筒 102上， 另一端沿料仓 2的径向延伸到邻近于料仓内壁的位置。
在料仓 2向外输出物料时， 破拱单元 10中的固定套筒 101在转轴 11的带动下转动， 当物料的阻力较小时， 活动套筒 102与固定套筒 101之间没有相对运动， 活动套筒 102会 带动其上的破拱臂 103随固定套筒 101的转动而转动，当物料的阻力增大时，活动套筒 102 的转动受阻，而使得活动套筒 102与固定套筒 101之间产生相对运动，从而在活动套筒 102 与固定套筒 101之间的端面凸轮结构的作用下， 活动套筒 102沿轴向往复运动， 从而带动 其上的破拱臂 103沿料仓的轴向运动。这样， 在料仓 2内， 破拱臂 103沿料仓的轴向运动， 使物料无法以仓壁为支撑而形成结拱弧面， 从而实现了料仓的有效破拱。
作为本发明的料仓破拱装置的一个可选实施例， 在料仓破拱装置的第一种实施方式 中， 如图 1-图 13所示， 在本实施例中， 料仓 2的轴向方向可为竖直方向， 转轴 11相应地 竖直设置在料仓 2内。 在该实施方式中， 在每一组破拱单元中， 活动套筒 102设置成位于 固定套筒 101的上方，从而活动套筒 105与固定套筒 101之间的端面凸轮结构的抵接件 105 能够在重力作用下始终抵接于端面凸轮轮廓 104上， 从而使得活动套筒 102能够随着端面 凸轮轮廓 104的变化而上下运动。 这样， 在活动套筒 102与固定套筒 101相对转动时， 活 动套筒 102能够在端面凸轮结构的作用下而上下运动， 从而带动连接在活动套筒 102上的 破拱臂 103上下运动， 对料仓内的物料进行上下扰动， 特别是邻近于料仓内壁的物料在该 破拱臂 103的上下扰动作用下， 无法以料仓内壁为支撑而结拱， 使得物料能够顺畅流动， 实现了料仓的有效破拱。
如图 14-图 22所示， 作为本发明的料仓破拱装置的另一个可选实施例， 在料仓破拱装 置的第二种实施方式中， 每组破拱单元 10还设置有向活动套筒 102施加朝向固定套筒方 向 101的顶推力的弹性顶推装置 106， 从而通过该弹性顶推装置 106对活动套筒的弹性顶 推作用， 使得活动套筒 105与固定套筒 101之间的端面凸轮结构的抵接件 105能够始终抵 接于端面凸轮轮廓 104上， 使得活动套筒 102能够随着端面凸轮轮廓 104的变化而沿料仓 2的轴向而往复运动。 这样， 在活动套筒 102与固定套筒 101相对转动时， 活动套筒 102 可带动连接在其上的破拱臂 103沿料仓 2的轴向而往复运动， 对料仓 2内的物料进行轴向 扰动， 特别是邻近于料仓内壁的物料在该破拱臂 103的轴向扰动作用下， 无法以料仓内壁 为支撑而结拱， 使得物料能够顺畅流动， 实现了料仓 2的有效破拱。
本发明的该种实施方式由于是通过弹性顶推装置来保证端面凸轮结构的抵接件与端 面凸轮轮廓的抵接的， 不需要重力作用， 因此可以如图 14-图 22所示， 应用于料仓 2的轴 向沿水平方向或者与水平方向成夹角的料仓中， 例如放置在运输车上的料仓中等。 另外， 该种具有弹性顶推装置 106的料仓破拱单元 10， 也可应用于料仓 2的轴向呈竖直方向， 但 是物料的阻力非常大， 端面凸轮结构的抵接件难以通过重力始终抵接在端面凸轮轮廓 104 上的情况， 如图 23所示。 如图 24所示， 该种弹性顶推装置 106的料仓破拱单元 10， 也可 应用于料仓 2的轴向呈竖直方式， 而活动套筒 102位于固定套筒 101的下方的例子中。
在本发明的破拱单元 10的弹性顶推装置 106的一个具体例子中， 所述的弹性顶推装 置 106可包括连接于转轴 11上的固定挡圈 1061和抵顶在固定挡圈 1061与活动套筒 102 之间的弹性件 1062。 该弹性件 1062可具体为压缩弹簧。
如图 3-图 5、 图 15-图 16所示， 在本发明的端面凸轮结构的一个可选例子中， 该活动 套筒 102与固定套筒 101邻接的两端面可形成为凸凹配合的端面凸轮轮廓， 其中一个端面 凸轮轮廓的凸起部分形成为端面凸轮结构的抵接件 105。
如图 3-图 7、 图 12-图 13、 图 15-图 16所示， 作为本发明的端面凸轮结构的端面凸轮 轮廓 104的一个可选例子， 该端面凸轮轮廓 104在展开后可为一个周期以上的正弦曲线。 采用正弦曲线的端面凸轮轮廓 104， 可以使得转轴 11转动过程， 固定套筒 101与活动套筒 102 之间形成的端面凸轮结构运动比较平稳。 该正弦曲线的周期实际上体现了端面凸轮结 构上的凸凹变化情况， 即体现了转轴 11每转一周活动套筒 102沿轴向的往复运动次数， 可以根据物料情况、 料仓大小等因素来选取合适的周期数。
如图 9-图 11、 图 21-图 22所示， 作为本发明的端面凸轮结构的端面凸轮轮廓 104的 另一种可选例子， 该端面凸轮轮廓 104可包括一个以上的 V形槽轮廓。 这种端面凸轮轮廓 104结构加工比较简单， 成本低。
虽然上面仅给出端面凸轮轮廓 104的几种具体例子。 但是， 本领域技术人员应该可以 理解， 上述例子仅是示例性质的， 该端面凸轮轮廓 104并不限于此， 只要能够使得活动套 筒 102与固定套筒 101相对转动时， 该端面凸轮轮廓 104能够使得活动套筒 102沿料仓 2 的轴向往复运动即可， 可以选用现有的多种端面凸轮轮廓来实现， 在此不再一一详述。
如图 6-图 9、 图 11-图 12、 图 17-图 19所示， 作为本发明的端面凸轮结构的抵接件 105的一个可选例子， 所述的抵接件 105可为突出于活动套筒 102端面或固定套筒 101端 面的接触凸起。 该接触凸起的端部抵接于端面凸轮轮廓 104上， 从而在活动套筒 102相对 于固定套筒 101转动时， 随着端面凸轮轮廓的变化而使得活动套筒 102沿料仓 2的轴向往 复运动。
如图 10、 图 13、 图 20-图 22所示， 在本发明的端面凸轮结构的抵接件 105的另外一 个可选例子中， 该抵接件 105可为滚轮结构。 该滚轮结构的滚轮抵接于端面凸轮轮廓 104 上， 从而在活动套筒 102相对于固定套筒 101转动时， 随着端面凸轮轮廓的变化而使得活 动套筒 102沿料仓 2的轴向往复运动。
虽然上面仅给出抵接件 105的几种具体例子， 但是， 本领域技术人员应该可以理解， 上述例子仅是示例性质的， 该抵接件 105并不限于此， 只要能够抵接于端面凸轮轮廓 104 上， 而使得活动套筒 102与固定套筒 101相对转动时， 该端面凸轮结构能够使得活动套筒 102沿料仓 2的轴向往复运动即可， 该抵接件 105的具体结构可不做限制。
在本发明的端面凸轮结构的可选实施例中， 如图 6-图 10、 图 17-图 20、 图 22所示， 可以在固定套筒 101的端面上形成所述的端面凸轮轮廓 104， 而在活动套筒 102的对应端 面上形成所述的抵接件 105; 也可以如图 11-图 13、 图 21所示， 在固定套筒 101的端面上 形成抵接于端面凸轮轮廓 104上的抵接件 105而在活动套筒 102上形成所述的端面凸轮轮 廓 104。
如图 1、 图 14所示， 破拱臂 103的临近于料仓内壁的端部可进一步设置有沿料仓 2的 轴向延伸的支臂 1031， 以提高破拱效果。 根据具体需要， 也可以在破拱臂 103上设置有多 个沿轴向延伸的支臂 1031， 以提高破拱效果。
在本发明中， 在一种可选例子中， 该破拱臂 103可固定连接于活动套筒 102上。 在另 外一种可选例子中， 该破拱臂 103也可铰接在活动套筒 102上， 并可设置有限定破拱壁活 动角度的限位结构， 比如限定破拱臂 103可以在 15度范围内活动等。
对于具有两组以上破拱单元 10的料仓破拱装置 100， 相邻组的破拱单元 10的破拱臂
103端部的支臂 1031在料仓 2径向上可错开设置， 以避免因料仓 2的壁面不平而造成该支 臂 1031与料仓内壁的摩擦。
在本发明中， 该破拱单元 10的组数以及每组破拱单元中设置的破拱臂 103的数目可 以根据料仓的高度、 直径以及物料情况等， 来根据需要选取。
如图 1、 图 2所示， 本发明的料仓破拱装置 100的转轴 11可通过一转轴定心架 107转 动支撑于料仓 2内。
如图 1-图 24所示的例子仅为本发明的几种具体实施例， 本发明并不局限于此， 本领域 技术人员可以根据需要对不同的端面凸轮轮廓 104、 端面凸轮结构的抵触件 105、 破拱装置 中的活动套筒 102和固定套筒 101的设置位置、 料仓 2的轴向方向、 弹性顶推装置 106的设置 等特征进行排列组合， 来形成多种不同的具体实施例， 在此不再一一详述。
本发明的上述描述仅为示例性的属性， 因此没有偏离本发明要旨的各种变形理应在本 发明的范围之内。 这些变形不应被视为偏离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种料仓破拱装置， 其包括：
转轴， 该转轴转动支撑于料仓内， 并沿料仓的轴向方向设置， 其输入端连接于一驱动 机构上， 由驱动机构驱动其转动；
一组以上的破拱单元， 其连接于所述转轴上；
其中， 每组破拱单元包括：
固定套筒， 固定套设于所述转轴上， 由该转轴带动其转动；
活动套筒， 活动套设于所述转轴上， 该活动套筒与固定套筒邻接的两端面中， 其 中一个端面形成为端面凸轮轮廓， 另一个上具有抵接于该端面凸轮轮廓上的抵接件， 该端 面凸轮轮廓与抵接件相配合构成端面凸轮结构， 从而使得固定套筒与活动套筒相对转动 时， 活动套筒能够沿料仓的轴向往复运动；
一个以上的破拱臂， 一端连接于活动套筒上， 另一端沿料仓的径向延伸到邻近于 料仓内壁的位置。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 该活动套筒与固定套筒邻接的 两端面形成为凸凹配合的端面凸轮轮廓， 其中一个端面凸轮轮廓的凸起部分形成为所述抵 接件。
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述的抵接件为突出于活动套 筒端面或固定套筒端面的接触凸起； 或者所述的抵接件为滚轮结构。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 该端面凸轮轮廓在展开后为一 个周期以上的正弦曲线。
5、 如权利要求 1 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 该端面凸轮轮廓包括一个以上 的 V形槽轮廓。
6、 如权利要求 1 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述料仓的轴向方向为竖直方 向， 在每组破拱单元中， 所述的活动套筒位于固定套筒的上方。
7、 如权利要求 1 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 每组破拱单元还设置有向活动 套筒施加朝向固定套筒方向的顶推力的弹性顶推装置。
8、 如权利要求 7 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述的弹性顶推装置包括连接 于转轴上的固定挡圈和抵顶在固定挡圈与活动套筒之间的弹性件。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述的弹性件为压缩弹簧。
10、 如权利要求 1所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述破拱臂的临近于料仓内壁 的端部设置有沿料仓的轴向延伸的支臂。
11、 如权利要求 10 所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述料仓破拱装置具有两组 以上的破拱单元， 相邻组的破拱单元的破拱臂端部的支臂在料仓径向上错开设置。
12、 如权利要求 1所述的料仓破拱装置， 其特征在于， 所述转轴通过一转轴定心架转 动支撑于所述料仓内。
PCT/CN2010/080118 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 料仓破拱装置 Ceased WO2012083531A1 (zh)

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