WO2012121003A1 - 太陽電池用封止膜及びこれを用いた太陽電池 - Google Patents
太陽電池用封止膜及びこれを用いた太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012121003A1 WO2012121003A1 PCT/JP2012/054111 JP2012054111W WO2012121003A1 WO 2012121003 A1 WO2012121003 A1 WO 2012121003A1 JP 2012054111 W JP2012054111 W JP 2012054111W WO 2012121003 A1 WO2012121003 A1 WO 2012121003A1
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- solar cell
- sealing film
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- methyl methacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/50—Encapsulations or containers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/804—Materials of encapsulations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2333/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
- C08K5/5425—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one C=C bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/204—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in solar cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing atoms other than carbon or hydrogen
- C08L23/0869—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing atoms other than carbon or hydrogen with unsaturated acids, e.g. [meth]acrylic acid; with unsaturated esters, e.g. [meth]acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/08—Crosslinking by silane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell sealing film having high adhesiveness and excellent durability under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and a solar cell using the same.
- the solar cell includes a surface side transparent protective member 11 made of a glass substrate or the like, a surface side sealing film 13 ⁇ / b> A, a solar cell 14 such as a silicon power generation element, a back side sealing film 13 ⁇ / b> B, And the back-side protection member 12 are laminated in this order, degassed under reduced pressure, and then heated and pressurized to crosslink and cure the surface-side sealing film 13A and the back-side sealing film 13B to be bonded and integrated.
- a plurality of solar battery cells 14 are connected and used in order to obtain a high electric output. Therefore, in order to ensure insulation between the solar battery cells 14, the solar battery cells are sealed using the sealing films 13A and 13B having insulation properties.
- an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film has been conventionally used because it is inexpensive and has high transparency and adhesiveness (for example, Patent Document 1).
- EVA film is cross-linked using a cross-linking agent to achieve high adhesion.
- the members are bonded and integrated with each other by their properties and adhesive strength.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a sealing film for solar cells using an ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer or an ionomer thereof.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a sealing film for a solar cell using a mixture of an ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer and EVA as a base polymer.
- the sealing film described in Patent Document 2 is excellent in productivity, since it is not crosslinked, there is a problem that adhesiveness with other members (protective member and solar cell) is not sufficient.
- the sealing film described in Patent Document 3 is a sealing film that is crosslinked, but since it is a sealing film in which an ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer and EVA are mixed, acetic acid from EVA is still generated.
- foaming occurs due to the influence of the crosslinking agent, resulting in a decrease in adhesive strength.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to prevent acid corrosion, to suppress the occurrence of foaming, to have high adhesiveness, and to achieve high adhesiveness under severe conditions under high temperature and high humidity. It is providing the sealing film for solar cells which can be maintained also under. Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell with improved power generation efficiency and excellent durability by using this solar cell sealing film.
- Foaming is caused by the gas generated while the crosslinking agent contained in the sealing film is thermally decomposed in the crosslinking step for sealing. That is, the gas generated along with the thermal decomposition of the crosslinking agent stays at each interface of the back side protection member, the back side sealing film, the solar cell, the front side sealing film and the front side transparent protection member inside the solar cell, This is considered to cause foaming inside the solar cell.
- crosslinking unless crosslinking is performed, sufficient adhesive strength cannot be obtained, and durability under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the present inventor uses a polymer that does not generate an acid as a base polymer, and blends a predetermined amount of a necessary amount of a crosslinking agent and a silane coupling agent that improves adhesion, thereby achieving the above-described problem. It was found that can be solved.
- the object is a solar cell sealing film containing an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, a crosslinking agent and a silane coupling agent, wherein the content of the crosslinking agent is the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is 0.1 to 0.
- the content is 7 parts by mass, and the content of methyl methacrylate in the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer is 25 to 35% by mass.
- Preferred embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
- the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to the silane coupling agent is 0.2 to 0.5. Within this range, it is possible to improve the adhesive force while suppressing foaming in particular, and it is possible to maintain a high level of adhesive force even in a humid heat environment.
- the crosslinking agent is an organic peroxide.
- the organic peroxide is a dialkyl peroxide compound.
- the silane coupling agent is a methacryloxy silane coupling agent.
- This object is also achieved by a solar cell characterized by using the solar cell sealing film.
- the solar cell sealing film of the present invention has excellent adhesion and durability. Therefore, according to the solar cell sealing film of the present invention, the occurrence of foaming and peeling at the interface between the sealing film and the protective member can be suppressed, and high power generation performance can be maintained over a long period from the beginning of power generation. It is possible to provide a solar cell that can be used.
- the sealing film for solar cells of the present invention uses an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer as the base polymer, and the cross-linking agent is 0 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer. 0.05 to 0.7 parts by mass, and 0.1 to 0.7 parts by mass of the silane coupling agent with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.
- the ethylene-methyl methacrylate has a methyl methacrylate content of 25 to 35% by mass.
- Cross-linking is performed using the minimum necessary cross-linking agent, and by using a silane coupling agent in combination, the occurrence of foaming can be suppressed, high adhesion can be obtained, and durability under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions Can be improved.
- an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer as the base polymer of the sealing film, generation of acid can be prevented, and corrosion of the electrode and the like and deterioration of adhesive strength can be prevented.
- the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer is suitable for use as a base polymer for a solar cell sealing film because it has high light transmittance and allows sunlight to be sufficiently incident on a solar cell.
- EMMA ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- the content of is 25 to 35% by mass, preferably 25 to 30% by mass. If it is lower than 25% by mass, the transparency may decrease, and if it is higher than 35% by mass, the workability may decrease.
- the sealing film for solar cells using the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer having such a melt flow rate the sealing film is melted during heating and pressurizing in the sealing process at the time of manufacturing the solar cell. It is possible to suppress misalignment and stick out of the end portion of the substrate, and high sealing performance can be obtained.
- the value of the melt flow rate (MFR) is measured based on the conditions of 190 ° C. and a load of 21.18 N according to JIS K7210.
- the sealing film for a solar cell of the present invention contains, in addition to an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, a polyvinyl acetal resin (for example, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral (PVB resin), modified PVB), and a vinyl chloride resin. You may use it next. In that case, PVB is particularly preferable.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin for example, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral (PVB resin), modified PVB
- PVB is particularly preferable.
- the crosslinking agent is capable of forming a crosslinked structure of an ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.
- an organic peroxide or a photopolymerization initiator is preferably used.
- Any organic peroxide may be used as long as it decomposes at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher to generate radicals.
- the organic peroxide is generally selected in consideration of the film formation temperature, the adjustment conditions of the composition, the curing temperature, the heat resistance of the adherend, and the storage stability. In particular, those having a decomposition temperature of 70 hours or more with a half-life of 10 hours are preferred.
- organic peroxide examples include, from the viewpoint of processing temperature and storage stability of the resin, for example, benzoyl peroxide curing agent, t-hexyl peroxypivalate, t-butyl peroxypivalate, 3, 5, 5- Trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, di-n-octanoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, stearoyl peroxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, succinic acid peroxide, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, dicumyl peroxide, di-t-hexyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, t-Butyl cumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, 2,5-di Methyl-2,5-di
- benzoyl peroxide-based curing agent any can be used as long as it decomposes at a temperature of 70 ° C. or higher to generate radicals, and those having a decomposition temperature of 50 hours or higher with a half-life of 10 hours are preferable, It can be appropriately selected in consideration of preparation conditions, film formation temperature, curing (bonding) temperature, heat resistance of the adherend, and storage stability.
- Usable benzoyl peroxide curing agents include, for example, benzoyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethylhexyl-2,5-bisperoxybenzoate, p-chlorobenzoyl peroxide, m-toluoyl peroxide, 2, Examples include 4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide and t-butyl peroxybenzoate.
- the benzoyl peroxide curing agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene, dicumyl peroxide, di-t-hexyl peroxide, which are dialkyl peroxide organic peroxides, 2,5 -Dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, t-butylcumyl peroxide and di-t-butylperoxide are preferred.
- the generation of decomposition product gas is difficult to occur, the crosslinking density of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer can be sufficiently improved, and the durability of the resulting solar cell sealing film can be further improved. it can.
- the content of the organic peroxide is 0.05 to 0.7 parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer. If the amount is less than 0.05 parts by mass, the crosslinking reaction may be delayed, and sufficient adhesive strength may not be obtained.
- any known photopolymerization initiator can be used, but a photopolymerization initiator having good storage stability after blending is desirable.
- Examples of such a photopolymerization initiator include 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, and 2-methyl-1- (4- (methylthio) phenyl).
- Acetophenone series such as -2-morpholinopropane-1
- benzoin series such as benzyldimethyl ketal
- benzophenone series such as benzophenone, 4-phenylbenzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, thioxanthone series such as isopropylthioxanthone, 2-4-diethylthioxanthone
- methylphenylglyoxylate can be used.
- 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-1- (4- (methylthio) phenyl) -2-morpholinopropane-1 examples include benzophenone.
- photopolymerization initiators may contain one or more known photopolymerization accelerators such as benzoic acid-based or tertiary amine-based compounds such as 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid, if necessary. Can be mixed and used. Moreover, it can be used individually by 1 type of only a photoinitiator, or 2 or more types of mixture.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is 0.05 to 0.7 parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer. If the amount is less than 0.05 parts by mass, the crosslinking reaction may be delayed, and sufficient adhesive strength may not be obtained.
- silane coupling agent examples include ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -Chloropropylmethoxysilane, vinylethoxysilane, vinyltris ( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ - (3,4 -Epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane,
- methacryloxy-based silane coupling agents such as ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and ⁇ -methacryloxy.
- silane coupling agents containing a methacryloxy group
- ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is particularly preferable.
- These silane coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the silane coupling agent in the sealing film for solar cell of the present invention is 0.1 to 0.7 parts by mass, preferably 0.3 to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer. Is 0.65 parts by mass. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass, sufficient adhesion may not be obtained. If it exceeds 0.7 parts by mass, bleed out may occur.
- the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to the silane coupling agent is preferably 0.2 to 0.5. While reducing the amount of the crosslinking agent to be used as much as possible, by relatively increasing the amount of the silane coupling agent, it is possible to improve the adhesive force while reliably suppressing foaming.
- the solar cell sealing film before crosslinking and curing may further contain a crosslinking aid.
- the cross-linking aid can improve the cross-linking density of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer and further improve the adhesion and durability of the sealing film.
- the cross-linking aid is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 3.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer. With such a crosslinking aid content, no gas is generated due to the addition of the crosslinking aid, and the crosslinking density of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer can be improved.
- crosslinking aid compound having a radical polymerizable group as a functional group
- examples of the crosslinking aid include trifunctional crosslinking aids such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate, and (meth) acrylic esters (eg, NK ester) ) Monofunctional or bifunctional crosslinking aids.
- trifunctional crosslinking aids such as triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate, and (meth) acrylic esters (eg, NK ester) ) Monofunctional or bifunctional crosslinking aids.
- triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate are preferable, and triallyl isocyanurate is particularly preferable.
- the sealing film for solar cells of the present invention improves or adjusts various physical properties of the film (optical properties such as mechanical strength and transparency, heat resistance, light resistance, crosslinking speed, etc.), especially improvement of mechanical strength. Therefore, various additives such as a plasticizer, an acryloxy group-containing compound, a methacryloxy group-containing compound and / or an epoxy group-containing compound may be further included as necessary.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited, but polybasic acid esters and polyhydric alcohol esters are generally used. Examples thereof include dioctyl phthalate, dihexyl adipate, triethylene glycol-di-2-ethyl butyrate, butyl sebacate, tetraethylene glycol diptanoate, and triethylene glycol dipelargonate.
- One plasticizer may be used, or two or more plasticizers may be used in combination.
- the plasticizer content is preferably in the range of 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.
- the acryloxy group-containing compound and the methacryloxy group-containing compound are generally acrylic acid or methacrylic acid derivatives, and examples thereof include acrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters and amides.
- ester residues include linear alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, dodecyl, stearyl, lauryl, cyclohexyl group, tetrahydrofurfuryl group, aminoethyl group, 2-hydroxyethyl group, 3-hydroxypropyl group, Mention may be made of the 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl group.
- amides include diacetone acrylamide.
- polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol, and esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid can also be used.
- epoxy-containing compound examples include triglycidyl tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, Mention may be made of phenol (ethyleneoxy) 5 glycidyl ether, pt-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, adipic acid diglycidyl ester, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, glycidyl methacrylate and butyl glycidyl ether.
- the acryloxy group-containing compound, the methacryloxy group-containing compound, or the epoxy group-containing compound is generally 0.5 to 5.0 parts by mass, particularly 1. It is preferably contained in an amount of 0 to 4.0 parts by mass.
- the solar cell sealing film of the present invention may contain an anti-aging agent.
- the antioxidant include hindered phenolic antioxidants such as N, N′-hexane-1,6-diylbis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide], Examples thereof include phosphorus heat stabilizers, lactone heat stabilizers, vitamin E heat stabilizers, and sulfur heat stabilizers.
- the composition containing each of the above-described components can be produced by a method of obtaining a sheet-like material by molding by ordinary extrusion molding, calendar molding (calendering) or the like.
- a sheet-like material can be obtained by dissolving the composition in a solvent and coating the solution on a suitable support with a suitable coating machine (coater) and drying to form a coating film.
- the heating temperature during film formation is preferably a temperature at which the crosslinking agent does not react or hardly reacts.
- the temperature is preferably 50 to 90 ° C, particularly 40 to 80 ° C.
- the thickness of the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 0.05 to 2 mm.
- the structure of the solar cell of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is used.
- the structure etc. which sealed the cell for solar cells by interposing the sealing film for solar cells of this invention between the surface side transparent protection member and the back surface side protection member, and making it bridge-integrate are mentioned.
- the side (light-receiving surface side) by which the light of a photovoltaic cell is irradiated is called “front surface side”
- the surface opposite to the light-receiving surface of a photovoltaic cell is called "back surface side.”
- the front surface side transparent protective member 11 the front surface side sealing film 13A, the solar cell cell 14, the back surface side sealing.
- the film 13B and the back surface side protection member 12 may be laminated, and the sealing film may be cross-linked and cured according to a conventional method such as heat and pressure.
- the laminate is heated with a vacuum laminator at a temperature of 135 to 180 ° C., further 140 to 180 ° C., particularly 155 to 180 ° C., a degassing time of 0.1 to 5 minutes, and a press pressure of 0.1.
- Heat pressing may be performed at a pressure of ⁇ 1.5 kg / cm 2 and a press time of 5 to 15 minutes.
- the front-side sealing film 13A and the back-side sealing film 13B are crosslinking the ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer contained in the front-side sealing film 13A and the back-side sealing film 13B during the heating and pressurization, the front-side sealing film 13A and the back-side sealing film 13B are thus, the front surface side transparent protective member 11, the back surface side transparent member 12, and the solar cell 14 can be integrated to seal the solar cell 14.
- the solar cell sealing film of the present invention is not limited to a solar cell using a single crystal or polycrystalline silicon crystal solar cell as shown in FIG. It can also be used for sealing films of thin film solar cells such as solar cells and copper indium selenide (CIS) solar cells.
- the solar cell of the present invention is formed on the thin film solar cell element layer formed by a chemical vapor deposition method or the like on the surface of the surface side transparent protective member such as a glass substrate, a polyimide substrate, or a fluororesin transparent substrate.
- the structure for laminating the battery sealing film and the back surface side protective member and adhering and integrating them On the solar cell element formed on the surface of the back surface side protective member, the structure for laminating the battery sealing film and the back surface side protective member and adhering and integrating them, the front surface side Laminated transparent protective member, bonded and integrated structure, or front side transparent protective member, front side sealing film, thin film solar cell element, back side sealing film, and back side protective member are laminated in this order, For example, a structure that is bonded and integrated.
- the surface-side transparent protective member 11 used in the solar cell of the present invention is usually a glass substrate such as silicate glass.
- the thickness of the glass substrate is generally from 0.1 to 10 mm, and preferably from 0.3 to 5 mm.
- the glass substrate may generally be chemically or thermally strengthened.
- the back side protective member 12 used in the present invention is preferably a plastic film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyamide. Further, a film obtained by laminating a fluorinated polyethylene film, particularly a fluorinated polyethylene film / Al / fluorinated polyethylene film in this order in consideration of heat resistance and wet heat resistance may be used.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a film obtained by laminating a fluorinated polyethylene film, particularly a fluorinated polyethylene film / Al / fluorinated polyethylene film in this order in consideration of heat resistance and wet heat resistance may be used.
- the solar cell (including the thin film solar cell) of the present invention is a sealing film used on the front surface side and / or the back surface side. Therefore, the members other than the sealing film such as the front-side transparent protective member, the back-side protective member, and the solar cell need only have the same configuration as the conventionally known solar cell, and are not particularly limited. .
- Examples 1 to 20, Comparative Examples 1 to 22 Each material was supplied to a roll mill with the formulation shown in Tables 1 to 5 and kneaded at 70 ° C. to prepare a solar cell sealing film composition.
- the solar cell sealing film composition was calendered at 70 ° C., allowed to cool, and then a solar cell sealing film was produced.
- the laminate (polyamide resin backsheet: ISOVOLTA, ICOSOLAR3554) was laminated in this order, and the laminated body that had been pressure-bonded for 10 minutes with a vacuum laminator set at 100 ° C was placed in an oven set at 155 ° C. The time until the occurrence of was measured.
- (4) Light transmittance A laminate obtained by sandwiching a sealing film for solar cells (thickness 0.6 mm) with two release PETs (thickness 100 ⁇ m) is vacuumed for 2 minutes at 90 ° C. and pressed for 8 minutes. Were subjected to a temporary press-bonding step using a vacuum laminator, and crosslinked in an oven set at 155 ° C. for 45 minutes. This laminate was subjected to spectrum measurement at 300 to 1200 nm using a spectrophotometer (U-4100: manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), and the average value was taken as the light transmittance.
- the sealing films for solar cells of Examples 1 to 20 are less foamed, have higher initial adhesive strength than those of the comparative examples, and are bonded under moisture and heat resistance conditions. A small drop in force was observed.
- the sealing films of Examples 3, 8, 9, 14, 19, and 20 in which the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent / silane coupling agent is 0.2 to 0.5 are remarkably suppressed in foaming, and have an adhesive force. It has been shown to be particularly high.
- the value of the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent / silane coupling agent in the table is a value obtained by rounding off the second decimal place.
- the light transmittance of the solar cell sealing films of Examples 1 to 20 has a value equivalent to that of a sealing film using EVA that has been conventionally used (Comparative Examples 1 to 8). It has been shown to be suitable for use as a sealing film.
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Abstract
Description
(1)前記シランカップリング剤に対する前記架橋剤の質量比が、0.2~0.5である。この範囲であれば、特に発泡を抑えつつ、接着力を向上させることが可能となり、湿熱環境下でも高水準の接着力を維持することが可能となる。
(2)前記架橋剤が有機過酸化物である。
(3)有機過酸化物が、ジアルキルパーオキサイド系化合物である。
(4)シランカップリング剤が、メタクリロキシ系シランカップリング剤である。
エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体(EMMA)は、モノマーとしてエチレン及びメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を用いて得られる共重合体であり、本発明において、エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体におけるメタクリル酸メチルの含有率は25~35質量%、好ましくは25~30質量%である。25質量%より低いと透明性が低下する場合があり、35質量%より高いと加工性が低下する場合がある。
本発明において架橋剤は、エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体の架橋構造を形成することができるものである。架橋剤は、有機過酸化物又は光重合開始剤を用いることが好ましい。なかでも、接着力、耐湿性、耐貫通性の温度依存性が改善された封止膜が得られることから、有機過酸化物を用いるのが好ましい。
本発明に使用するシランカップリング剤としては、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-メタクリロキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ-クロロプロピルメトキシシラン、ビニルエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(β-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、β-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリクロロシラン、γ-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N-β-(アミノエチル)-γ-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン等を挙げることができる。
架橋硬化前の太陽電池用封止膜は、更に架橋助剤を含んでいてもよい。前記架橋助剤は、エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体の架橋密度を向上させ、封止膜の接着性及び耐久性を更に向上させることができる。
上述した本発明の太陽電池用封止膜を形成するには、公知の方法に準じて行えばよい。例えば、上述した各成分を含む組成物を、通常の押出成形、又はカレンダ成形(カレンダリング)等により成形してシート状物を得る方法により製造することができる。また、前記組成物を溶剤に溶解させ、この溶液を適当な塗布機(コーター)で適当な支持体上に塗布、乾燥して塗膜を形成することによりシート状物を得ることもできる。尚、製膜時の加熱温度は、架橋剤が反応しない或いはほとんど反応しない温度とすることが好ましい。例えば、50~90℃、特に40~80℃とするのが好ましい。本発明の太陽電池用封止膜の厚さは特に制限されないが、0.05~2mmである。
本発明の太陽電池の構造は、本発明の太陽電池用封止膜を用いていれば、特に制限されない。例えば、表面側透明保護部材と裏面側保護部材との間に、本発明の太陽電池用封止膜を介在させて架橋一体化させることにより太陽電池用セルを封止させた構造などが挙げられる。なお、本発明において、太陽電池セルの光が照射される側(受光面側)を「表面側」と称し、太陽電池セルの受光面とは反対面側を「裏面側」と称する。
表1~5に示す配合で各材料をロールミルに供給し、70℃において混練して太陽電池用封止膜組成物を調製した。前記太陽電池用封止膜組成物を、70℃において、カレンダ成形し、放冷後、太陽電池用封止膜を作製した。
(1)初期のガラス接着力
3mmのフロートガラス上に上記の太陽電池用封止膜(厚さ0.6mm)を載置し、100℃に設定した真空ラミネーターで10分加圧して仮圧着した後、この積層体を155℃に設定したオーブンで45分架橋させた。この積層体について、JIS K 6854に従い、図2に示すように、ガラス板21と太陽電池用封止膜23との間の一部を剥離して、太陽電池用封止膜23を180°折り返して引張試験機(島津製作所社製、オートグラフ)を用いて引張速度100mm/分時の引き剥がし力をガラス接着力(N/cm)として測定した。
(2)耐湿熱性試験後のガラス接着力
(1)と同様にして作製した積層体を、85℃、85%の環境に設定した湿熱オーブン内に4000時間静置した後、ガラス接着力を(1)と同様にして測定した。
(3)発泡試験
上記太陽電池用封止膜(厚さ0.6mm)を、ガラス(表面側保護部材)/太陽電池用封止膜/太陽電池素子/太陽電池用封止膜/裏面側保護部材(ポリアミド樹脂製バックシート:ISOVOLTA社製、ICOSOLAR3554)の順で積層し、100℃に設定した真空ラミネーターで10分加圧して仮圧着した積層体を、155℃に設定したオーブンに入れ、フクレが発生するまでの時間を計測した。
(4)光線透過率
2枚の離型PET(厚さ100μm)で太陽電池用封止膜(厚さ0.6mm)を挟持した積層体を、90℃条件にて真空2分、プレス8分の真空ラミネーターによる仮圧着工程を経て、155℃に設定したオーブンにて45分間架橋させた。この積層体について、分光光度計(U-4100:日立製作所製)にて300~1200nmのスペクトル測定を実施し、その平均値を光線透過率とした。
表1及び2に示されているように、実施例1~20の太陽電池用封止膜は、比較例と比べ、発泡が抑制され、初期の接着力が高く、耐湿熱性条件下での接着力の低下が小さいことが認められた。特に、架橋剤/シランカップリング剤の質量比が0.2~0.5である実施例3,8,9,14,19及び20の封止膜は発泡が顕著に抑えられ、接着力が特に高いことが示されている。なお、表における架橋剤/シランカップリング剤の質量比の値は、小数点第2位を四捨五入した値である。また、実施例1~20の太陽電池用封止膜の光線透過率は、従来から使用されているEVAを用いた封止膜(比較例1~8)と同等の値を有しており、封止膜として使用するのに適していることが示された。
12 裏面側保護部材
13A 表面側封止膜
13B 裏面側封止膜
14 太陽電池用セル
21 ガラス板
23 太陽電池用封止膜
Claims (6)
- エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体、架橋剤及びシランカップリング剤を含む太陽電池用封止膜であって、
前記架橋剤の含有量が、前記エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体100質量部に対して0.05~0.7質量部であり、前記シランカップリング剤の含有量が、前記エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体100質量部に対して0.1~0.7質量部であり、
前記エチレン-メタクリル酸メチル共重合体におけるメタクリル酸メチルの含有率が25~35質量%であることを特徴とする太陽電池用封止膜。 - 前記シランカップリング剤に対する前記架橋剤の質量比が、0.2~0.5であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記架橋剤が、有機過酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記有機過酸化物が、ジアルキルパーオキサイド系有機過酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 前記シランカップリング剤が、メタクリロキシ系シランカップリング剤であることを特徴とする請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止膜。
- 請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の太陽電池用封止膜を用いたことを特徴とする太陽電池。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280011884.XA CN103403881B (zh) | 2011-03-09 | 2012-02-21 | 太阳能电池用密封膜和使用其的太阳能电池 |
| US14/002,899 US9123836B2 (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2012-02-21 | Solar cell sealing film and solar cell using the same |
| ES12755072.1T ES2589456T3 (es) | 2011-03-09 | 2012-02-21 | Película sellante para células solares y célula solar que usa la misma |
| EP12755072.1A EP2685508B1 (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2012-02-21 | Sealing film for solar cells and solar cell using same |
| KR1020137026202A KR101573126B1 (ko) | 2011-03-09 | 2012-02-21 | 태양 전지용 밀봉막 및 이것을 사용한 태양 전지 |
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| JP2011-051068 | 2011-03-09 | ||
| JP2011051068A JP5820132B2 (ja) | 2011-03-09 | 2011-03-09 | 太陽電池用封止膜及びこれを用いた太陽電池 |
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| EP (1) | EP2685508B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5820132B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101573126B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103403881B (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2589456T3 (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2770541A4 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2015-06-03 | Bridgestone Corp | SEALING FILM FOR SOLAR CELLS AND SOLAR CELL THEREWITH |
| US20170117426A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-04-27 | Arkema France | Encapsulant of a photovoltaic module |
| US9935227B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2018-04-03 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Solar cell module and method of manufacturing same |
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| TWI615431B (zh) * | 2014-09-18 | 2018-02-21 | 柏列利斯股份公司 | 用於層元件之層的聚合物組成物 |
| KR101947223B1 (ko) * | 2015-07-28 | 2019-04-22 | 주식회사 두산 | 절연필름 및 플렉서블 플랫 케이블(ffc) |
| CN108034370A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | 一种可吸收蓝光的紫外线固化emma光学膜及其制备方法 |
| CN110194934B (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2022-02-08 | 旭科新能源股份有限公司 | 一种光伏用封装胶膜、其制备方法及应用 |
| CN117551374B (zh) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-06-25 | 苏州拓际新材料科技有限公司 | 涂层浆料及其制备方法、其边框膜及制品 |
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| JP4740101B2 (ja) | 2006-12-19 | 2011-08-03 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 太陽電池用封止膜及びこれを用いた太陽電池 |
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- 2012-02-21 KR KR1020137026202A patent/KR101573126B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-02-21 EP EP12755072.1A patent/EP2685508B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-02-21 ES ES12755072.1T patent/ES2589456T3/es active Active
- 2012-02-21 US US14/002,899 patent/US9123836B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-02-21 WO PCT/JP2012/054111 patent/WO2012121003A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-03-08 TW TW101107814A patent/TWI525111B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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| US9935227B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2018-04-03 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Solar cell module and method of manufacturing same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2685508A4 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| US20130340828A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
| TWI525111B (zh) | 2016-03-11 |
| KR20130143117A (ko) | 2013-12-30 |
| ES2589456T3 (es) | 2016-11-14 |
| CN103403881A (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
| EP2685508B1 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
| JP5820132B2 (ja) | 2015-11-24 |
| US9123836B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 |
| CN103403881B (zh) | 2016-03-23 |
| TW201307403A (zh) | 2013-02-16 |
| EP2685508A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| KR101573126B1 (ko) | 2015-11-30 |
| JP2012190878A (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
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