WO2012142841A1 - 双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法 - Google Patents

双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012142841A1
WO2012142841A1 PCT/CN2011/083905 CN2011083905W WO2012142841A1 WO 2012142841 A1 WO2012142841 A1 WO 2012142841A1 CN 2011083905 W CN2011083905 W CN 2011083905W WO 2012142841 A1 WO2012142841 A1 WO 2012142841A1
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Prior art keywords
grid
microgrid
bidirectional converter
micro
control system
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PCT/CN2011/083905
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李朝晖
王璟
余晓鹏
杨海晶
王洋
刘巍
刘波
杨宝生
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BEIJING SOARING ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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BEIJING SOARING ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to EP11863961.6A priority Critical patent/EP2632011A4/en
Publication of WO2012142841A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012142841A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/28—Wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/30—Fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/388—Arrangements for the handling of islanding, e.g. for disconnection or for avoiding the disconnection of power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of micro-grids, in particular to a method for realizing bidirectional converters in a microgrid and operating in off-grid dual mode.
  • Micro-grid refers to a small-scale power distribution system that is a collection of distributed power sources, energy storage devices, energy conversion devices, related loads and monitoring and protection devices. It is an autonomous system that can achieve self-control, protection and management. It can be operated in parallel with the external power grid.
  • the energy storage and energy conversion devices in the microgrid are particularly important.
  • the traditional energy storage devices and electrical energy conversion devices are passively controlled. For example, the bidirectional converter for battery charging and discharging cannot work without the power supply of the grid.
  • Photovoltaic power generation equipment cannot work without power supply from the grid.
  • the power sources in the microgrid are mostly micro gas turbines, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, and the like. Light and wind power sources are intermittent and random, and cannot provide a stable voltage source. If a power supply is installed in a system that already has an energy storage device, not only additional equipment investment but also system assembly will become complicated.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for realizing a bidirectional converter in a microgrid and operating in off-grid dual mode, which can realize rapid and seamless transition between the micro grid and the large grid.
  • the invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for implementing a bidirectional converter in a microgrid and operating in an off-grid dual mode, comprising the following steps: (1) detecting an off-grid controller in the microgrid to detect whether the large grid is lost If the power is lost, the off-network controller sends an off-grid command to the bidirectional converter, and the off-network controller sends an instruction to start the off-grid control strategy to the microgrid control system; (2) the microgrid control system According to the power supply and load in the microgrid, it is judged whether the microgrid meets the off-network condition.
  • the off-network controller sends an off-grid command to the bidirectional converter, and the microgrid control system sends the discharge power to the bidirectional converter.
  • the command causes the bidirectional converter to switch to the off-grid state and is in the voltage source operating mode, providing a stable voltage source for the load and energy conversion device in the microgrid; (3) detecting the off-grid controller in the microgrid Whether the power grid resumes power supply, and if the power supply is restored, the off-network controller sends a ready-to-connect command to the bidirectional converter; at the same time, a startup grid-connected control strategy is issued to the micro-grid control system.
  • the microgrid control system comprehensively judges whether the microgrid meets the grid connection condition according to the power source and the load in the microgrid. If it is met, the off-network controller sends a grid connection command to the bidirectional converter, and the microgrid control The system issues a charge and discharge control command to the bidirectional converter and restores all loads in the microgrid, causing the bidirectional converter to switch to the grid-connected state and in the current source operating mode.
  • the microgrid control system determines whether the microgrid is in compliance with the off-network condition: if the off-grid controller has issued an off-grid signal, and other power sources in the microgrid have stopped working, and the energy storage system is in In the normal state, and the bidirectional converter is in the current source operating mode, it is judged that the micro grid is in compliance with the off-grid condition.
  • the microgrid control system determines whether the microgrid meets the conditions for grid connection: if the off-grid controller has issued a grid connection signal, and the grid switch is closed, and the energy storage system is in a normal state And the bidirectional converter is in the voltage source working mode, it is judged that the micro grid meets the grid connection condition.
  • the off-grid controller in the microgrid sends a command by means of a two-bit binary coding method through two dry contacts connected to the bidirectional converter.
  • the invention detects the state of the large power grid through the off-network controller, thereby transmitting the read-in, grid-connected, off-grid, and off-grid inbound commands to the bidirectional converter.
  • the bidirectional converter immediately From the grid-connected operation state to the off-grid operation state, the load and energy conversion device in the microgrid provides a stable voltage source by the bidirectional converter, supports the off-grid operation of the microgrid, does not require additional equipment input, and solves the storage.
  • Figure 1 is a circuit block diagram of a microgrid system
  • 2 is a flow chart of the off-network controller controlling the bidirectional converter and switching from the off-network mode of operation.
  • the microgrid system consists of an off-grid controller, a microgrid control system, a battery pack, a bidirectional converter, a photovoltaic power generation system, and a load.
  • the bidirectional converter adopts a LAN.
  • the communication mode communicates with the microgrid control system, and is controlled by the microgrid control system to realize real-time control and monitoring of the microgrid control system.
  • the off-grid controller and the micro-grid control system communicate, and the micro-grid control system sends a signal to the bi-directional converter to control its charging or discharging action;
  • the bi-directional converter uses the CAN bus communication method to communicate with the energy storage battery pack BMS. Real-time monitoring of battery pack operation status.
  • the method for implementing the bidirectional converter in the microgrid and operating in off-grid dual mode includes the following steps: (1) detecting an off-grid controller in the microgrid to detect whether the large grid loses power, If the power is lost, the off-network controller sends an off-grid command to the bidirectional converter, and the off-network controller sends an instruction to start the off-grid control strategy to the microgrid control system; (2) the microgrid control system is based on micro The power supply and load in the network comprehensively determine whether the microgrid meets the off-network condition.
  • the off-network controller sends an off-grid command to the bidirectional converter, and the microgrid control system sends a discharge power command to the bidirectional converter.
  • the grid control system comprehensively judges whether the microgrid meets the grid connection condition according to the power source and the load in the microgrid, and if so, the off-network controller sends a grid connection command to the bidirectional converter, and the microgrid control system to the bidirectional converter A charge and discharge control command is issued and all loads in the microgrid are restored, causing the bidirectional
  • the microgrid control system determines whether the microgrid is in compliance with the off-network condition: if the off-grid controller has issued an off-network signal, and other power sources in the microgrid have stopped working, and the energy storage system is in a normal state. And the bidirectional converter is in the current source working mode, it is judged that the micro grid meets the off-network condition.
  • the microgrid control system determines whether the microgrid meets the conditions for grid connection: if the off-grid controller has issued a grid connection signal, and the grid switch is closed, and the energy storage system is in a normal state, and When the bidirectional converter is in the voltage source working mode, it is judged that the micro grid is in compliance with the grid connection condition.
  • the off-grid controller in the microgrid sends instructions through two dry contacts connected to the bidirectional converter, so as to achieve fast and seamless off-grid off-network handover, and the dry contact signal adopts two-bit binary coding. Form: 00 means grid connection, 01 means ready to leave the network, 10 means ready for grid connection, and 11 means off-grid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Description

双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及微电网领域，尤其涉及一种双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法。
背景技术
目前，我国坚强智能电网进入全面建设阶段，将在示范工程、电动汽车充换电设施、新能源接纳、居民智能用电等方面大力推进，而作为智能电网的重要组成部分的微电网，也将得到广泛的应用。微电网是指由分布式电源、储能装置、能量转换装置、相关负荷和监控、保护装置汇集而成的小型发配电系统，是一个能够实现自我控制、保护和管理的自治系统，既可以与外部电网并网运行，也可以孤立运行。而微电网中的储能和能量转换装置尤为重要，传统的储能装置及电能转换装置都是采用被动控制方式，如蓄电池充放电用双向变流器在没有电网供电的情况下是无法工作的，光伏发电设备在没有电网供电的情况下也是无法工作的。而作为微电网中的电源多为微型燃气轮机、燃料电池、光伏电池、风力发电机等。而光、风能电源是具有间歇性和随机性的不能提供稳定的电压源，在已经拥有储能装置的系统中如再配备电源，不但需要额外的设备投入，系统组建也将变得复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，能够实现微电网和大电网快速无缝转换。
本发明采用下述技术方案：一种双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）、微电网中的并离网控制器检测大电网是否失电，若失电，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送准备离网指令，同时并离网控制器向微电网控制系统发出启动离网控制策略的指令；（2）微电网控制系统根据微电网内的电源与负荷综合判断微电网是否符合离网条件，若符合，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送离网指令，同时微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出放电功率指令，使双向变流器切换到离网状态并处于电压源工作模式,为微电网内的负载和能量转换装置提供稳定的电压源；（3）、微电网中的并离网控制器检测外电网是否恢复供电，若恢复供电，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送准备并网指令；同时向微电网控制系统发出启动并网控制策略的指令；（4）微电网控制系统根据微网内的电源与负荷综合判断微电网是否符合并网条件，若符合，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送并网指令，同时微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出充放电控制指令并恢复微电网内所有负荷，使双向变流器切换到并网状态，并处于电流源工作模式。
所述的步骤（2）中微电网控制系统判断微电网是否符合离网的条件为：若并离网控制器已发出离网信号、且微网内其它电源已停止工作、且储能系统处于正常状态、且双向变流器处于电流源工作模式，则判断微电网符合离网条件。
所述的步骤（4）中微电网控制系统判断微电网是否符合并网的条件为：若并离网控制器已发出并网信号、且并网开关已合闸、且储能系统处于正常状态、且双向变流器处于电压源工作模式，则判断微电网符合并网条件。
所述的微电网中的并离网控制器通过其与双向变流器连接的两路干接点采用二位二进制编码的方法发送指令。
本发明通过并离网控制器检测大电网的状态，从而向双向变流器发送准备并网、并网、准备离网、离网的进指令，当大电网失电时，双向变流器立即从并网运行状态转入离网运行状态，微电网内的负载和能量转换装置由双向变流器提供稳定的电压源，支撑微电网的离网运行,不需要额外的设备投入，解决了储能系统与光伏并网逆变器在大电网失电后无法工作的问题，以及不易组建微电网系统的问题，同时也解决了微电网控制中离网运行和并网运行快速无缝转换的问题。
附图说明
图1为微电网系统的电路框图；
图2为并离网控制器控制双向变流器并离网工作方式切换的流程图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，微电网系统由并离网控制器、微电网控制系统、蓄电池组、双向变流器、光伏发电系统和负荷组成，在大电网供电正常情况下，双向变流器采用LAN通信方式与微电网控制系统进行通信，受控于微电网控制系统，实现微电网控制系统的实时控制与监控。并离网控制器和微电网控制系统进行通信，由微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出信号控制其进行充电或放电动作；双向变流器采用CAN总线通信方式与储能电池组BMS进行通信，实时监控电池组运行状态。
如图2所示，本发明双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）、微电网中的并离网控制器检测大电网是否失电，若失电，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送准备离网指令，同时并离网控制器向微电网控制系统发出启动离网控制策略的指令；（2）微电网控制系统根据微网内的电源与负荷综合判断微电网是否符合离网条件，若符合，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送离网指令，同时微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出放电功率指令，使双向变流器切换到离网状态并处于电压源工作模式,为微电网内的负载和能量转换装置提供稳定的电压源；（3）、微电网中的并离网控制器检测外电网是否恢复供电，若恢复供电，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送准备并网指令；同时向微电网控制系统发出启动并网控制策略的指令；（4）微电网控制系统根据微网内的电源与负荷综合判断微电网是否符合并网条件，若符合，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送并网指令，同时微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出充放电控制指令并恢复微电网内所有负荷，使双向变流器切换到并网状态，并处于电流源工作模式。上述步骤（2）中微电网控制系统判断微电网是否符合离网的条件为：若并离网控制器已发出离网信号、且微网内其它电源已停止工作、且储能系统处于正常状态、且双向变流器处于电流源工作模式，则判断微电网符合离网条件。上述步骤（4）中微电网控制系统判断微电网是否符合并网的条件为：若并离网控制器已发出并网信号、且并网开关已合闸、且储能系统处于正常状态、且双向变流器处于电压源工作模式，则判断微电网符合并网条件。其中所述的微电网中的并离网控制器通过其与双向变流器连接的两路干接点发送指令，目的是实现快速无缝的并网离网切换，干接点信号采用二位二进制编码形式：00表示并网，01表示准备离网,10表示准备并网，11表示离网。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：（1）、微电网中的并离网控制器检测大电网是否失电，若失电，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送准备离网指令，同时并离网控制器向微电网控制系统发出启动离网控制策略的指令；（2）微电网控制系统根据微电网内的电源与负荷综合判断微电网是否符合离网条件，若符合，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送离网指令，同时微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出放电功率指令，使双向变流器切换到离网状态并处于电压源工作模式,为微电网内的负载和能量转换装置提供稳定的电压源；（3）、微电网中的并离网控制器检测外电网是否恢复供电，若恢复供电，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送准备并网指令；同时向微电网控制系统发出启动并网控制策略的指令；（4）微电网控制系统根据微网内的电源与负荷综合判断微电网是否符合并网条件，若符合，则并离网控制器向双向变流器发送并网指令，同时微电网控制系统向双向变流器发出充放电控制指令并恢复微电网内所有负荷，使双向变流器切换到并网状态，并处于电流源工作模式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤（2）中微电网控制系统判断微电网是否符合离网的条件为：若并离网控制器已发出离网信号、且微网内其它电源已停止工作、且储能系统处于正常状态、且双向变流器处于电流源工作模式，则判断微电网符合离网条件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤（4）中微电网控制系统判断微电网是否符合并网的条件为：若并离网控制器已发出并网信号、且并网开关已合闸、且储能系统处于正常状态、且双向变流器处于电压源工作模式，则判断微电网符合并网条件。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的双向变流器在微电网中实现并离网双模式运行的方法，其特征在于：所述的微电网中的并离网控制器通过其与双向变流器连接的两路干接点采用二位二进制编码的方法发送指令。
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