WO2012146164A1 - 无线局域网中多用户传输数据的方法及装置 - Google Patents

无线局域网中多用户传输数据的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012146164A1
WO2012146164A1 PCT/CN2012/074641 CN2012074641W WO2012146164A1 WO 2012146164 A1 WO2012146164 A1 WO 2012146164A1 CN 2012074641 W CN2012074641 W CN 2012074641W WO 2012146164 A1 WO2012146164 A1 WO 2012146164A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user
primary
bandwidth
cts
rts
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PCT/CN2012/074641
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨绿溪
李�浩
李春国
伍天宇
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP12776859.6A priority Critical patent/EP2690904B1/en
Publication of WO2012146164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012146164A1/zh
Priority to US14/064,349 priority patent/US20140050173A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0073—Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/20—Negotiating bandwidth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for transmitting data by multiple users in a wireless local area network.
  • a mechanism for supporting a transmission opportunity (TXOP, Transmission opportunity) in a wireless local area network refers to that a user can continuously transmit to one or more users within a certain time after competing for a channel access opportunity. Multiple data frames.
  • the single-user TXOP (SU TX0P) is currently supported in the existing standard, and a multi-user TXOP (MU TXOP, Multi-Users TXOP, multi-user transmission opportunity) is added in the new standard. It is now required that at least one primary user transmitting the primary service type communicates with the AP during the entire TXOP period in which multiple users are transmitted.
  • the transmission bandwidth of an AP (acess point) device or a VHT STA (very high-speed user site) has been extended from the original 20MHz, 40MHz to 80MHz, 160MHz, thereby improving system communication throughput.
  • 8 sets and VHT STAs need to have both the ability to send and receive these four bandwidths.
  • the channel bandwidth (40MHz, 80MHz, 160MHz) over 20MHz is divided into several 20MHz channels, one of which is the main 20M channel, and the other is the secondary 20M channel.
  • the AP transmits data to multiple users (VHT STAs) simultaneously in one TXOP. After the AP obtains the TXOP transmission opportunity, it must be dispatched to these users before transmitting data to multiple users.
  • the usual method is to send an RTS (request to send) to the user to be scheduled, and the user responds to CTS (clear to send).
  • RTS and CTS are already common control frames, and their transmission bandwidth is 20 MHz. Due to the current expansion of data bandwidth, the choice needs to support the transmission of RTS and CTS on every 20 MHz of wider bandwidth. For example, before transmitting 80 MHz data, the AP must simultaneously transmit RTS of exactly the same frame format on each sub-20 MHz of the 80 MHz bandwidth, and the user responds to the CTS on each corresponding 20 MHz channel (without interference).
  • the first role is to detect the available bandwidth of each user. Some users may not be able to send CTS on this secondary channel to respond to the RTS sent by the AP on the same bandwidth because the secondary channel is interfered. Thus, by sequentially exchanging with the RTS/CTS on each subchannel of each user, the current available bandwidth of each user can be determined, thereby determining the bandwidth for transmitting the multi-user data.
  • the second function RTS and CTS frame format contains a duration field and a receiving address. Each user who detects the frame of this RTS or CTS will compare whether the receiving address is the same as the user address. If not, it defaults to this.
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for data transmission in a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MIMO system, which specifies an order and bandwidth for transmitting RTS, avoids the occurrence of an erroneous setting of a NAV, thereby improving channel utilization efficiency and overall system throughput, and the method includes :
  • the primary user and the secondary user send data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides another method for binning, comprising: sending an RTS to a primary user on at least two bandwidths;
  • Data is transmitted to the primary user and all secondary users on the bandwidth of the CTS transmitted by the primary user.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data sending apparatus, including:
  • a sending unit configured to send an RTS to the primary user on at least two bandwidths
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a CTS sent by the primary user on each bandwidth, where the CTS is a response of the primary user to the RTS;
  • the sending unit is further configured to send an RTS to the secondary user on the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the primary user;
  • the sending unit is further configured to send data to the primary user and the secondary user on a bandwidth of receiving the CTS sent by the primary user and on a bandwidth of receiving the CTS sent by the secondary user.
  • a wireless local area communication system which includes an access point and a user equipment,
  • the access point sends an RTS to the primary user in the user equipment before sending the multi-user data, and then sends an RTS to the secondary user in the user equipment, and receives the team sent by the primary user and the secondary user. Responding to the CTS of the RTS; and the bandwidth of the RTS sent to the secondary user does not exceed the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the primary user;
  • the user equipment is configured to receive, by the access point, an RTS, and respond to the TRS to the Incoming point to send CTS.
  • the RTS is sent only to the primary user, and is not sent to the secondary user.
  • the overhead of the control frame is saved, and the time for transmitting the data is increased, thereby increasing the system throughput.
  • the AP and the secondary user are reduced by unnecessary RTS/CTS exchange, which effectively avoids incorrectly setting the NAV of the surrounding users, so that these users can access the channel as early as possible, improving the channel utilization efficiency and increasing the overall system throughput.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for data transmission in a multi-user multiple input multiple output MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a multi-user multiple input multiple output MIMO system data transmitting apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wireless local area network system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the AP needs to perform RTS/CTS exchange on a wider bandwidth (over 20 MHz) with each user in turn.
  • a wider bandwidth over 20 MHz
  • no specific exchange policy has been specified, that is, there is no provision for the order and bandwidth for sending RTS to each user. If the AP sends an RTS to each user at 20MHz per sub-band, and the order of transmission is random. Since the channel conditions of each user are random, there may be cases where the secondary channel of the primary user is interfered, and all channels of the secondary user are available.
  • the AP Since the AP has at least one primary user when doing multi-user data transmission (primary
  • RTS Radio Transport Stream
  • the bandwidth of the AP to send data can only be performed according to the available bandwidth of the primary user. If RTS is sent to the secondary user in a frequency band that exceeds the available bandwidth of the primary user, then these RTSs are redundant RTSs, wasting transmission power. In addition, these RTSs sent over a frequency band that exceeds the available bandwidth of the primary user may cause some STAs to unnecessarily set the NAV, and the CTS that the user responds to on these channels may also unnecessarily set the NAV of the users around it, resulting in these Users who have been set up with NAV cannot connect Into the channel.
  • FIG. 1 a flow chart of a method for data transmission in a multi-user multiple input multiple output MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. This process is a method for sending data to an AP or a VHT STA.
  • S103 Receive a CTS sent by the primary user on each bandwidth, where the CTS is a response of the primary user to the RTS.
  • S105 Send an RTS to the secondary user on the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the primary user.
  • S107 Receive a CTS sent by the secondary user, where the CTS is a response of the secondary user to the RTS.
  • the AP before transmitting the multi-user data, specifies that the order of sending the RTS is first sent to the primary user and then sent to the secondary user.
  • the bandwidth of the RTS sent by the AP to the secondary user shall not exceed the bandwidth of the CTS that the primary user responds (ie, the available bandwidth of the primary user).
  • the bandwidth of the RTS that sends the secondary user can be dynamically adjusted according to the available bandwidth of the primary user, avoiding unnecessary RTS transmission on some secondary channels, and saving the transmission power of the AP and the user.
  • the AP and the secondary user reduce the unnecessary RTS/CTS exchange, effectively avoiding the incorrect setting of the NAV of the surrounding users, so that these users can access the channel as early as possible, improve the channel utilization efficiency, and increase the overall system throughput.
  • the primary user in the above method refers to all users who transmit the primary service type.
  • the primary user may be one, and when multiple users transmit, if multiple primary users appear.
  • the available bandwidth of the primary user is inconsistent (not the same), there are two options.
  • the MU-TXOP is determined by the main service type. Multi-user transmission must first ensure the QOS requirements of the main service type, and the QOS requirements of the secondary service are relatively low. Therefore, in the implementation, a centralized RTS transmission strategy can be adopted according to actual scenarios, for example, when the user site density is small.
  • the RTS is sent only to the primary user and is not sent to the secondary user. Thereby, the overhead of the control frame is saved, and the time for transmitting the data is increased, thereby increasing the system throughput.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for data transmission, which may be an AP in a wireless local area network, and may be an application AP in the process of transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data.
  • an AP covers multiple user equipments. Multiple users send data.
  • the apparatus in this embodiment is used to implement the flow of the foregoing method embodiments, and the processing in the specific method can be performed in the apparatus.
  • the device comprises a transmitting unit 201 and a receiving unit 203.
  • the sending unit 201 is configured to send an RTS to the primary user on at least two bandwidths;
  • the receiving unit 203 is configured to receive a CTS sent by the primary user on each bandwidth, where the CTS is a response of the primary user to the RTS.
  • the sending unit 201 is further configured to send an RTS to the secondary user on the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the primary user.
  • the receiving unit 203 receives the CTS sent by the secondary user, and the CTS is a response of the secondary user to the RTS;
  • the sending unit 201 is further configured to send data to the primary user and the secondary user on a bandwidth of receiving the CTS sent by the primary user and on a bandwidth of receiving the CTS sent by the secondary user.
  • the calculating unit 205 is further configured to: determine, if the number of the primary users is greater than one, a minimum value of a sum of bandwidths of CTSs sent by each primary user; Specifically, the RTS is sent to the secondary user on the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the primary user, and the sum of the bandwidths of the RTS sent to the secondary user does not exceed the minimum bandwidth; The primary user in the data sent to the primary user and the secondary user on the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the primary user and the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the secondary user is all the primary users.
  • the receiving unit 205 is further configured to: if the number of the primary users is greater than one, the calculating unit 205 is further configured to determine a maximum value of a sum of bandwidths of CTSs sent by each primary user; And transmitting, to the secondary user, an RTS, on a bandwidth of receiving the CTS sent by the primary user, and sending, to the secondary user, a bandwidth of the RTS that does not exceed the maximum bandwidth; wherein, the primary is received
  • the sum of the bandwidths of the CTSs sent by the primary users in the bandwidth of the CTS sent by the user and the bandwidth of the CTS transmitted by the secondary user to the primary and secondary users is the sum of the bandwidths of the CTSs sent by the primary users.
  • the primary user corresponding to the maximum value.
  • a wireless local area network system including the above apparatus and user equipment is provided below, and the wireless system operates according to the above method, and the processing in the specific method can be performed in the system.
  • the system includes an access point AP and a plurality of user equipment STAs.
  • the access point AP sends the multi-user data to the primary user in the user equipment.
  • RTS then sending an RTS to the secondary user in the user equipment, receiving the response CTS of the RTS sent by the primary user and the secondary user; and sending the bandwidth of the RTS to the secondary user no more than the primary user sending Bandwidth of the CTS;
  • the user equipment STA is configured to receive the RTS sent by the access point, and send a CTS to the access point in response to the TRS.
  • the access point AP may be the user multiple input multiple output MIMO system data transmission device.
  • the bandwidth of the RTS before the AP sends the multi-user data may not exceed the response of the primary user.
  • the bandwidth of the CTS ie the available bandwidth of the primary user.
  • the bandwidth of the RTS that sends the secondary user can be dynamically adjusted according to the available bandwidth of the primary user, avoiding Unnecessary RTS is transmitted on some secondary channels, saving the transmission power of the AP and the user.
  • the AP and the secondary user reduce the unnecessary RTS/CTS exchange, effectively avoiding the incorrect setting of the NAV of the surrounding users, so that these users can access the channel as early as possible, improve the channel utilization efficiency, and increase the overall system throughput.
  • the AP when the AP adopts the RTS/CTS interaction process to initialize the transmission opportunity, the first RTS is sent to one of the primary users.
  • the AP uses a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MIMO data frame for transmission opportunity initialization, the first acknowledgment request is sent to one of the primary users.
  • the primary user mentioned here refers to a user who needs to transmit data with access category (AC) data
  • the secondary user refers to a user who needs to transmit data of other access types except the primary access type.
  • the primary access type refers to an access type that obtains a channel access opportunity through an enhanced distributed channel access function (EDCAF).
  • EDCAF enhanced distributed channel access function
  • the current transmission opportunity is established. It is also stipulated that when using multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MIMO transmission, at least one primary user must be included.
  • the first RTS transmission target user is not specified, the following situation may occur:
  • the first RTS is sent to the secondary user, if the AP correctly receives the secondary user's CTS, the first frame is successfully sent.
  • the current transmission opportunity If all the primary users cannot communicate due to channel interference or the like at this time, even if the transmission opportunity that has been successfully established cannot transmit data to the secondary user only, the system transmission time is wasted. Therefore, sending the first RTS to one of the primary users ensures that once the transmission opportunity is established, there must be a primary user suitable for data transmission, which can improve the efficiency of the system.
  • an AP transmits using a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MIMO data frame
  • users can pick
  • An implicit confirmation request can also be made with an explicit confirmation request, with the exception of the first user using an explicit confirmation request.
  • the implicit request mentioned here refers to the setting of immediate feedback in the data frame
  • the display request includes but is not limited to a Block Acknowledgment Request (BAR)
  • the acknowledgement frame includes but is not limited to a block acknowledgement frame (Block Acknowledgment, ⁇ ).
  • the first user requesting feedback is a secondary user
  • the user's request is correctly received, but all the primary users cannot feed back the confirmation frame due to interference, etc., then the transmission opportunity is successfully established but There is no situation where the primary user can perform data transmission. If the AP cannot perform data transfer to the secondary users, this will result in a waste of system transmission time. Therefore, by sending the first confirmation request to one of the primary users, the user having the data transmission after the transmission opportunity is established can exist, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

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Description

无线局域网中多用户传输数据的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术， 尤其涉及无线局域网中多用户传输数据的 方法及装置。 背景技术 无线局域网中支持一种传输机会 ( TXOP, Transmission opportunity,传输 机会）的机制， 指的是当一个用户竟争到一个信道接入机会以后可以在一定 时间内给一个或多个用户连续传输多个数据帧。 目前现有标准中支持了单用 户 TXOP ( SU TX0P ) , 在新标准中又增加了多用户 TXOP ( MU TXOP, Multi-Users TXOP, 多用户传输机会） 。 现要求在传输多用户的整个 TXOP 时间内， 至少有一个传输主业务类型的主用户在和 AP通信。
AP(接入点， acess point )设备或者 VHT STA ( very high throughput STA , 超高速用户站点）的传输带宽已经由原来的 20MHz、 40MHz扩展到 80MHz、 160MHz,从而提升系统通信吞吐量。但考虑兼容性， 8设 ΑΡ与 VHT STA ) 需要同时具备发送和接收这四种带宽的能力。 超过 20MHz 的信道带宽 ( 40MHz, 80 MHz, 160MHz )分成若干个 20MHz信道， 其中有一个是主 20M信道， 其它都是次 20M信道。
目前另一个提高吞吐量的方式是 AP在一个 TXOP内同时给多个用户（VHT STA)传输数据。 AP获得 TXOP传输机会后， 在给多用户传输数据之前， 必须 调度到这几个用户。 通常采用的方法就是给所要调度的用户发送 RTS (request to send , 发送请求）， 用户回应 CTS (clear to send ,允许发送)。 RTS和 CTS是已经通用的控制帧， 它们的发送带宽是 20MHz。 由于目前数据带宽的 扩大， 选择的需求支持采用在更宽的带宽的每个 20MHz上发送 RTS和 CTS。 例如， AP在发送 80MHz的数据之前， 必须先同时在这 80MHz带宽的每个子 20MHz上分别发送完全相同帧格式的 RTS, 用户在相应的每个可用的 20MHz 信道（没有被干扰）上回应 CTS。
RTS和 CTS交换在多用户传输中的作用主要有两个， 第一个作用是 探测每个用户的可用带宽。 有的用户可能由于次信道被干扰， 无法在这个次 信道上发送 CTS来响应 AP在相同带宽上发送的 RTS。这样通过依次与每个 用户每个子信道上的 RTS/CTS交换，ΑΡ可以确定每个用户当前的可用带宽， 从而确定传输多用户数据的带宽。 第二个作用 RTS和 CTS帧格式中包含了 一个时长字段和接收地址， 每个探测到这个 RTS或 CTS的帧的用户会比较 接收地址是否和本用户地址相同， 若不相同， 就默认在这个时长时间内信道 处于繁忙（被别的设备占用） ， 不会主动接入信道， 称作被设置了 NAV (网 络分配向量)。 若相同， 则没有被设置 NAV,就回应相应的控制帧或数据帧。 这种 NAV机制保证了正在通信的设备在这段时间的通信可靠性。 但是目前 的多用户传输中， ΑΡ需要依次和每个用户进行更宽带宽（超过 20MHz )上 的 RTS/CTS 交换。 但是没有看到有效的交换策略， 没有规定给每个用户发 送 RTS 的次序和带宽可能造成降低信道的利用率， 进而降低了系统的整体 吞吐量。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种多用户多输入多输出 MIMO 系统数据发送的方 法， 规定发送 RTS的次序和带宽， 避免错误设置 NAV的情景的出现， 从而 提高信道利用效率和系统整体吞吐量， 方法包括：
在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS,所述 CTS为所述主用户对 RTS 的响应；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS; 接收所述次用户发送的 CTS , 所述 CTS为所述次用户对 RTS的响应； 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发送 的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
本发明实施例还提出另一种筒化的方法， 包括： 至少两个带宽上向主 用户发送 RTS;
接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS,所述 CTS为所述主用户对 RTS 的响应；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和所有次用户发 送数据。
同时本发明实施例还提供一种数据发送装置， 包括：
发送单元， 用于在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收单元， 用于接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为 所述主用户对所述 RTS的响应；
所述发送单元还用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向次用 户发送 RTS;
所述接收单元接收所述次用户发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为所述次用户对 RTS的响应；
所述发送单元还用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上和在接收 到所述次用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
进一步， 还提供一种无线局域通信系统， 其特征在于， 包括接入点和用 户设备，
所述接入点， 发送多用户数据之前， 先向所述用户设备中的主用户发送 RTS,然后向所述用户设备中的次用户发送 RTS ,接收所述主用户和次用户发 送的队所述 RTS的响应 CTS; 并且发给次所述次用户的 RTS的带宽不超过 主用户发送的 CTS的带宽；
所述用户设备， 用于接收所述接入点发送 RTS, 响应所述 TRS向所述接 入点发送 CTS。
上述方案中在 AP传输多用户数据之前， 只给主用户发送 RTS, 不给次 用户发送。 从而节省了控制帧的开销， 增加传输数据的时间， 进而增大系统 吞吐量。进一步使得 AP和次用户减少了不必要的 RTS/CTS交换，有效避免 了错误设置周围用户的 NAV, 使这些用户可以尽早的接入信道， 提升了信 道利用效率， 增加了系统整体吞吐量。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例多用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送的方法 流程图。
图 2为多用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送装置的结构框图。 图 3为本发明实施例无线局域网系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
目前的无线局域网的多用户传输中， AP需要依次和每个用户进行更宽 带宽 （超过 20MHz )上的 RTS/CTS交换。 但是没有看到规定具体的交换策 略， 也就是没有规定给每个用户发送 RTS的次序和带宽。 如果 AP给每个用 户发送 RTS都是在每个子 20MHz上进行的， 并且发送次序是随机的。 由于 每个用户的信道条件是随机的， 可能存在主用户的次信道被干扰， 而次用户 的所有信道都可用的情况
由于 AP 在做多用户数据传输的时候至少有一个主用户（primary
STA/destination), 而且给每个多发送的数据带宽必须相同。 这样， AP发送 数据的带宽就只能按照主用户的可用带宽来进行。如果在超出主用户可用带 宽的频带上给次用户发送了 RTS, 那么这些 RTS就是冗余 RTS, 浪费了发 送功率。 此外， 这些在超出主用户可用带宽的频带上发送的 RTS会导致一 部分 STA不必要的设置了 NAV,用户在这些信道上回应的 CTS也可能不必 要的设置了它周围用户的 NAV,从而导致这些被设置了 NAV的用户无法接 入信道。
参阅图 1 ,本发明实施例多用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送的方 法流程图。 该流程为 AP或者 VHT STA发送数据的方法。
S101 , 在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
S103 , 接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为所述主用 户对 RTS的响应；
S105 , 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS;
S107, 接收所述次用户发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为所述次用户对 RTS的 响应；
S109, 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用 户发送的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
可以看出， 在本实施例中， AP在发送多用户数据之前， 规定发送 RTS 的次序是先给主用户发送,然后给次用户发送。 AP发给次用户的 RTS的带宽 不得超过主用户回应的 CTS 的带宽（即主用户的可用带宽）。 发送次用户的 RTS的带宽可以根据主用户的可用带宽来动态调整，避免了某些次信道上发 送不必要的 RTS, 节省 AP和用户的发送功率。 AP和次用户减少了不必要 的 RTS/CTS交换， 有效避免了错误设置周围用户的 NAV, 使这些用户可以 尽早的接入信道， 提升了信道利用效率， 增加了系统整体吞吐量。
进一步， 上述方法中的主用户是指所有传输主业务类型的用户。
进一步， 上述的方法中主用户的可能是一个， 多用户传输时， 如果出现 多个主用户。 先给所有主用户发送 RTS,再给次用户发送 RTS。 若主用户的 可用带宽不一致 (不相同）， 就有两种选择方案。 一种是发送给次用户 RTS的 带宽不得超过主用户中可用带宽的最大值， 另一种是不得超过主用户中可用 带宽的最小值。 根据实际情况可以选择其中任意一种。 举例来说， 如果 AP 选择 TXOP内只向可用带宽最大的主用户及次用户发送信息，那么发送给次 用户的 RTS带宽应选择主用户中可用带宽的最大值。如果 AP选择向所有主 用户及次用户发送信息， 那么发送给次用户的 RTS 带宽不超过主用户中可 用带宽的最小值。
进一步， 多用户传输中， MU-TXOP是由主业务类型决定的。 多用户传 输首先要保证主业务类型的 QOS要求， 次业务的 QOS要求相对较低。 因此 在实现中可以根据实际场景， 例如用户站点密度小的时候， 采用一种筒化的 RTS发送策略。
在 AP传输多用户数据之前，只给主用户发送 RTS,不给次用户发送。 从而节省了控制帧的开销， 增加传输数据的时间， 进而增大系统吞吐量。
本发明实施例提供一种数据发送的装置，其可以是无线局域网中的 AP, 可以是应用 AP在 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收过程中， 一般情况为一个 AP覆盖多个用户设备， 给可以多个用户发送数据。 本实施例中的装置， 用 于实现上述方法实施例的流程， 具体方法中的处理过程均可以在该装置中执 行。
参阅图 2, 多用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送装置的结构框图。 装置包括发送单元 201和接收单元 203.
发送单元 201 , 用于在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收单元 203, 用于接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS 为所述主用户对所述 RTS的响应；
所述发送单元 201还用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向 次用户发送 RTS;
所述接收单元 203接收所述次用户发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为所述次用 户对 RTS的响应；
所述发送单元 201还用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上和 在接收到所述次用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
进一步， 还可能包括计算单元 205, 用于如果所述主用户数量大于 1个 时， 确定各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最小值； 则所述发送单元 201 具体用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS, 并 且所述向次用户发送 RTS 的带宽之和不超过所述最小值的带宽； 其中， 在 接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所有所述各主用户。 进一步接收单元 205, 还用于如果所述主用户数量大于 1个时， 所述计算单 元 205还用于确定各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值； 所述发送 单元 201发具体用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发 送 RTS, 并且所述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最大值的带宽； 其中， 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发 送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所述各主 用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值对应的主用户。
下面提供包含上述装置和用户设备的无线局域网系统，该无线系统根据 上述的方法工作，具体方法中的处理过程均可以在该系统中执行。参阅图 3, 该系统包括接入点 AP和多个用户设备 STA。
接入点 AP, 发送多用户数据之前， 先向所述用户设备中的主用户发送
RTS,然后向所述用户设备中的次用户发送 RTS ,接收所述主用户和次用户发 送的队所述 RTS的响应 CTS; 并且发给次所述次用户的 RTS的带宽不超过 主用户发送的 CTS的带宽；
用户设备 STA, 用于接收所述接入点发送 RTS, 响应所述 TRS向所述 接入点发送 CTS。
其中接入点 AP可以是前述的用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送装 可以看出， 在本实施例中的装置和系统， AP在发送多用户数据之前， 的 RTS的带宽不得超过主用户回应的 CTS的带宽 (即主用户的可用带宽)。 发送次用户的 RTS 的带宽可以根据主用户的可用带宽来动态调整， 避免了 某些次信道上发送不必要的 RTS, 节省 AP和用户的发送功率。 AP和次用 户减少了不必要的 RTS/CTS交换， 有效避免了错误设置周围用户的 NAV, 使这些用户可以尽早的接入信道， 提升了信道利用效率， 增加了系统整体吞 吐量。
进一步，本发明实施例还给出另一种实现方法： 在多用户多输入多输出
MIMO传输系统中， 当 AP采用 RTS/CTS交互过程进行传输机会初始化的 时候，第一个 RTS发送给主用户之一。当 AP采用多用户多输入多输出 MIMO 数据帧进行传输机会初始化的时候， 第一个确认请求发送给主用户之一。
这里所说的主用户是指有主接入类型（ access category, AC )数据需要传 输的用户， 次用户是指有除主接入类型之外的其它接入类型数据需要传输的 用户。主接入类型是指通过增强的分布式信道接入方式（ enhanced distributed channel access function, EDCAF )获得信道接入机会的接入类型。
应用中如果在一个 TXOP内的第一帧传输成功， 则当前传输机会建立。 另外还规定当采用多用户多输入多输出 MIMO传输的时候， 必须至少包含 一个主用户。
如果对第一个 RTS发送目标用户不作规定， 则可能会出现下面的情形: 当第一个 RTS发送给次用户的时候，如果 AP正确接收次用户的 CTS, 则由 于第一帧发送成功而建立了当前传输机会。如果此时所有主用户由于信道被 干扰等原因无法进行通信的时候， 即使已经成功建立的传输机会也无法只对 次用户进行数据传输， 这样就造成了系统传输时间的浪费。 因此通过第一个 RTS发送给主用户之一就可以保证一旦传输机会建立，肯定有适合数据传输 的主用户存在， 可以提高系统的效率。
类似的情况同样存在于当采用多用户多输入多输出 MIMO数据帧进行 传输机会初始化的场景。
当 AP采用多用户多输入多输出 MIMO数据帧发送的时候，需要通过依 次轮询来获得所有目标用户的确认帧。对于第一个反馈确认帧的用户可以采 用显式的确认请求也可以采用隐式的确认请求， 除了第一个之外的其他用户 采用显式的确认请求。这里所说的隐式请求是指在数据帧中进行立即反馈的 设置， 显示请求包含但不限于块确认请求帧（ Block Acknowledgment request, BAR ) , 确认帧包含但不限于块确认帧 （ Block Acknowledgment, ΒΑ ) 。 当 第一个请求反馈的用户为次用户的时候， 如果该用户的请求被正确接收， 但 是接下来所有的主用户由于干扰等原因无法反馈确认帧， 那么此时也会出现 传输机会建立成功但是没有主用户可以进行数据传输的状况。 如果 AP不能 对仅次用户进行数据传送， 这样就会造成系统传输时间的浪费。 因此通过第 一个确认请求发送给主用户之一就可以使得传输机会建立后有数据传输的 用户存在， 从而提高系统的效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读 取存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述 的存储介质包括： ROM、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的 介质。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种多用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送的方法，其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为所述主用户对所 述 RTS的响应；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS;
接收所述次用户发送的 CTS , 所述 CTS为所述次用户对 RTS的响应； 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发送 的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 所述主用户为传输主业务类型的用户。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 如果所述主用户数量大于 1 个， 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS包括： 确定各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS, 并且所 述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最大值的带宽；
则在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发 送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所述各主 用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值对应的主用户。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的方法，其特征在于，如果所述主用户数量大于 1个， 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS包括： 确定各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最小值；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS, 并且所 述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最小值的带宽；
则在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发 送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所有所述 各主用户。
5. 一种多用户多输入多输出 MIMO系统数据发送的方法，其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS,所述 CTS为所述主用户对 RTS 的响应；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和所有次用户 发送数据。
6、 一种数据发送装置， 其特征在于， 所述装置包括：
发送单元， 用于在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收单元， 用于接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为 所述主用户对所述 RTS的响应；
所述发送单元还用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向次用 户发送 RTS;
所述接收单元还用于接收所述次用户发送的 CTS, 所述 CTS为所述次 用户对 RTS的响应；
所述发送单元还用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接 收到所述次用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述装置， 其特征在于， 所述装置还包括： 计算单元， 用于如果所述主用户数量大于 1个时， 确定各主用户中发送 的 CTS的带宽之和的最小值；
则所述发送单元具体用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向 次用户发送 RTS, 并且所述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最小 值的带宽；
其中， 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用 户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所有 所述各主用户。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述装置， 其特征在于， ：
所述计算单元， 还用于如果所述主用户数量大于 1个时， 确定各主用户 中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值；
所述发送单元具体用于在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向次 用户发送 RTS, 并且所述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最大值 的带宽；
其中， 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用 户发送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所述 各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值对应的主用户。
9、 一种无线局域通信系统， 其特征在于， 包括接入点和用户设备， 所述接入点， 发送多用户数据之前， 先向所述用户设备中的主用户发送
RTS,然后向所述用户设备中的次用户发送 RTS ,接收所述主用户和次用户发 送的队所述 RTS的响应 CTS; 并且发给次所述次用户的 RTS的带宽不超过 主用户发送的 CTS的带宽；
所述用户设备， 用于接收所述接入点发送 RTS, 响应所述 TRS向所述 接入点发送 CTS。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述接入点先向所述用 户设备中的主用户发送 RTS,然后向所述用户设备中的次用户发送 RTS, 接 收所述主用户和次用户发送的队所述 RTS的响应 CTS具体包括：
在至少两个带宽上向主用户发送 RTS;
接收所述主用户在各带宽上发送的 CTS , 所述 CTS为所述主用户对所 述 RTS的响应；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS;
接收所述次用户发送的 CTS , 所述 CTS为所述次用户对 RTS的响应； 并且进一步还包括： 在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接 收到所述次用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 如果所述主用户数量大 于 1个， 则所述接入点还用于：
确定各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS, 并且所 述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最大值的带宽；
则在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发 送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所述各主 用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最大值对应的主用户。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 如果所述主用户数量大 于 1个， 则所述接入点还用于：
确定各主用户中发送的 CTS的带宽之和的最小值；
在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS的带宽上向次用户发送 RTS, 并且所 述向次用户发送 RTS的带宽之和不超过所述最小值的带宽；
则在接收到所述主用户发送的 CTS 的带宽上和在接收到所述次用户发 送的 CTS 的带宽上向所述主用户和次用户发送数据中的主用户为所有所述 各主用户。
PCT/CN2012/074641 2011-04-29 2012-04-25 无线局域网中多用户传输数据的方法及装置 Ceased WO2012146164A1 (zh)

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