WO2012167555A1 - 一种校正同相正交信号的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种校正同相正交信号的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012167555A1
WO2012167555A1 PCT/CN2011/082240 CN2011082240W WO2012167555A1 WO 2012167555 A1 WO2012167555 A1 WO 2012167555A1 CN 2011082240 W CN2011082240 W CN 2011082240W WO 2012167555 A1 WO2012167555 A1 WO 2012167555A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
offset
current frame
corrected
vector
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕瑞
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP11867240.1A priority Critical patent/EP2768193B1/en
Priority to CN201180002493.7A priority patent/CN102549994B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2011/082240 priority patent/WO2012167555A1/zh
Publication of WO2012167555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012167555A1/zh
Priority to US14/279,070 priority patent/US9210025B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/38Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/3845Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier
    • H04L27/3854Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/362Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated
    • H04L27/364Arrangements for overcoming imperfections in the modulator, e.g. quadrature error or unbalanced I and Q levels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/24Testing correct operation
    • H04L1/242Testing correct operation by comparing a transmitted test signal with a locally generated replica
    • H04L1/243Testing correct operation by comparing a transmitted test signal with a locally generated replica at the transmitter, using a loop-back
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/06DC level restoring means; Bias distortion correction ; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/38Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/3845Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier
    • H04L27/3854Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits using non - coherent demodulation, i.e. not using a phase synchronous carrier using a non - coherent carrier, including systems with baseband correction for phase or frequency offset
    • H04L27/3863Compensation for quadrature error in the received signal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of signal processing, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for correcting an in-phase quadrature signal. Background technique
  • complex signals are usually divided into I (In-Phase, in-phase) signals and Q by orthogonal sampling.
  • Quadrature-Phase, quadrature Signal two signals (ie IQ signal, also can be written as I / Q signal).
  • the transmitter uses the mixer to modulate the IQ signal onto the orthogonal carrier for transmission, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the receiver uses the orthogonal carrier to demodulate the IQ signal, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the correct decomposition and synthesis of complex signals requires that the IQ two signals have the same amplitude gain and absolute quadrature phase difference.
  • ⁇ and! ⁇ respectively represents the DC offset of the I and Q signals
  • ⁇ and ⁇ respectively represent the gain amplitudes of the work and Q signals
  • ⁇ ? respectively represent the phase deflection amounts of the I and Q signals.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method and apparatus for correcting an IQ signal.
  • the technical solution is as follows - A method of correcting an IQ signal, the method comprising:
  • a first saving module configured to save an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame
  • a first correction module configured to receive an I signal of a current frame and a Q signal of a current frame, and cancel a DC offset in an I signal of the current frame according to the I signal of the previous frame saved by the first saving module, according to The Q signal of the previous frame saved by the first saving module cancels a DC offset in the Q signal of the current frame;
  • a second saving module configured to save an I signal obtained by removing the DC offset of the previous frame obtained by the first correction module, and a Q signal after canceling the DC offset of the previous frame
  • a second correction module configured to cancel the DC signal after the DC offset is removed according to the I signal after the DC offset is removed from the previous frame saved by the second save module and the Q signal after the DC offset is removed from the previous frame
  • the Q signal after the DC offset is removed from the current frame is geometrically corrected to obtain the current frame corrected I signal and the current frame corrected Q signal.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effects of: buffering the I signal of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame, and according to the I signal of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame, the current frame.
  • DC offset cancellation and geometric correction of the I signal and the Q signal of the current frame can eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal, eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal constellation, facilitate subsequent signal processing and demodulation, and can be greatly reduced without hardware. Hardware cost.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of modulation of an IQ signal provided in the background art of the present invention
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of demodulation and separation of an IQ signal provided in the background art of the present invention
  • Embodiment 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for correcting an IQ signal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of correcting an IQ signal outputted by a receiving front end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for correcting an in-phase orthogonal signal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of canceling a DC component of an IQ signal provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a constellation diagram of an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is an I signal of a transformed previous frame provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • a constellation diagram of the Q signal of the previous frame
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the geometrical calibration of the I signal of the current frame and the Q signal of the current frame provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of symbol-by-symbol correction using a first-order adaptive filtering structure for an I signal after DC offset cancellation of a current frame and a Q signal after DC offset of a current frame are provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a first manner of correcting IQ in a MIM0 system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a second method for correcting IQ in a MIM0 system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for correcting an IQ signal according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first correction module in the apparatus for correcting IQ signals provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a first schematic structural diagram of a second correction module in an apparatus for correcting IQ signals according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a second schematic structural diagram of a second correction module in an apparatus for correcting IQ signals according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a third schematic structural diagram of a second correction module in an apparatus for correcting IQ signals according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a second schematic diagram showing the structure of an apparatus for correcting IQ signals according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. detailed description
  • this embodiment provides a method for correcting an IQ signal, which is specifically as follows: 101. Save an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame;
  • a method for correcting an IQ signal by buffering an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame, and according to an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame,
  • the cancellation of the DC offset and the geometric correction of the I signal and the Q signal of the current frame can eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal, eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal constellation, facilitate subsequent signal processing and demodulation, and without hardware, can be extremely Reduce hardware costs.
  • This embodiment provides a method for correcting an in-phase quadrature signal. As shown in FIG. 4, the IQ signal outputted from the receiving front end can be corrected by the method to eliminate distortion.
  • 201 storing the I signal of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame output by the receiving front end, and receiving the I signal of the current frame and the Q signal of the current frame;
  • the previous frame refers to a continuous signal data before the current time, and the length can be set according to requirements.
  • the I signal of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame are used to cancel the DC offset of the I signal of the current frame and the Q signal of the current frame, specifically including - I of the previous frame outputted by the receiving front end.
  • the signal is buffered, and the average level value of the I signal of the previous frame is statistically obtained to obtain a DC offset amount, and the DC component of the I signal of the current frame is eliminated according to the DC offset of the I signal of the previous frame;
  • the output Q signal of the previous frame is buffered, and the average level value of the Q signal of the previous frame is statistically obtained to obtain a DC offset amount, and the Q signal of the current frame is eliminated according to the DC offset of the Q signal of the previous frame.
  • the DC offset is the average level value of the I signal of the previous frame.
  • the DC offset of the I signal of the current frame is cancelled according to the DC offset of the I signal of the previous frame, and the DC offset of the Q signal according to the previous frame is used. Eliminate the DC offset DC e of the Q signal of the current frame.
  • the method further includes:
  • a method of performing geometric correction is described by taking an M-QAM (Multi-Level Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) signal as an example. Due to the symmetry of the distortion matrix, the distortion of the distorted IQ signal is unbalanced.
  • the constellation diagram is symmetric about the origin of the coordinates, and accordingly, according to the I signal of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame, the I signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame and the Q after the DC offset of the current frame are eliminated.
  • the signal is geometrically corrected, including:
  • the constellation of the signal after the DC offset of the previous frame and the cancellation of the DC offset of the previous frame are performed.
  • the DC cancellation of the previous frame is performed.
  • the offsetted I signal and the Q signal after the DC offset cancellation of the previous frame are not corrected, the figure is symmetrical about the origin.
  • the first and second quadrants are coincident, and the first and second quadrants are respectively counted.
  • the mean vector of all symbols in the previous frame obtains the first vector OA and the second vector 0B;
  • the third vector 0C is an average vector of the first vector 0A and the second vector 0B, which is obtained by summing the first vector 0A and the second vector 0B and dividing by 2;
  • the fourth vector BA is the difference between the first vector 0A and the second vector 0B.
  • the angle " reflects the overall rotation of the constellation diagram
  • the angle between the third vector 0C and the Y axis reflects the rotational offset of the Q signal component relative to the Y axis
  • 203-4. Perform geometric correction on the I signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame and the Q signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame according to the third vector 0C, the fourth vector BA, and the angle.
  • the geometric correction specifically uses the two statistical vectors of the I frame of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame in the signal space to determine the IQ of the previous frame and the IQ of the Q signal of the previous frame.
  • the shape is unbalanced, and the gain and rotation of the current frame IQ signal are stepwise adjusted by the parameters of the statistical vector, and finally a balanced IQ signal is obtained.
  • geometric correction is performed according to the third vector 0C, the fourth vector BA, and the angle "the I signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame and the Q signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame.
  • the angle " is the angle between the fourth vector BA and the X axis, which can be obtained by taking the angle of the fourth vector BA.
  • step 203-4 the method may further include:
  • the third vector 0C and the fourth vector BA are step-wise controlled to avoid over-compensation caused by excessive correction, resulting in oscillation distortion.
  • step 204 Determine whether the bypass switch is cut off. If yes, go to step 205. If not, go to step 206. It should be noted that after geometric correction in step 203, the distortion of the IQ signal has been compensated to a small extent. . In a communication system with a lower modulation order, the corrected residual distortion is not the main factor affecting the subsequent decision error compared with the system noise. In order to reduce the complexity of the correction algorithm and simplify the system structure, the geometrically corrected IQ signal can be directly sent to the subsequent baseband processing module through the bypass switch, and the decision feedback loop is cut off.
  • the statistical frame length in geometric correction is larger, which will cause more delay, in order to further improve the mutation.
  • the real-time tracking capability of the distortion by cutting off the bypass switch, activates the subsequent adaptive tracking module and closes the decision feedback loop.
  • first frame-corrected I signal and the current frame-corrected Q signal are corrected symbol by symbol according to the first-order adaptive filtering structure, specifically including: using the weight coefficients ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and (: 2 ( ⁇ ) Correcting the I frame corrected by the current frame and the current frame according to formula (3)
  • the Q signal before distortion compensation that is, the Q signal after the current frame correction
  • ⁇ (k) is the I signal after distortion compensation
  • s Q (k) is the Q signal after distortion compensation
  • k represents the kth symbol.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for performing a symbol-by-symbol correction of a current frame-corrected I signal and a current frame-corrected Q signal by using a logic circuit to implement a first-order adaptive filtering structure according to the foregoing method. 11 shows:
  • the current frame-corrected I signal and the current frame-corrected Q signal are corrected symbol by symbol by using the first-order adaptive filtering structure, the current frame-corrected I signal and the current frame are corrected.
  • the Q signal is synthesized into a complex signal. After the complex signal is subjected to baseband processing, the demodulator determines the complex signal and outputs it, and feeds back the decision result Y.
  • the method further includes: correcting two weight coefficients ⁇ and according to the error of the corrected complex signal and the decision result ⁇ fed back by the demodulator, so that the two coefficients are reduced along the error
  • the gradient direction changes, and the distortion component in the IQ signal is continuously approximated and compensated.
  • the following weighting coefficients ⁇ and (: 2 are corrected by using the following formula (4) :
  • G ⁇ + l is the weight coefficient when the I signal of the k+1th symbol is corrected
  • C e (A + l) is the weight coefficient when the Q signal of the k+1th symbol is corrected
  • C ⁇ k) is a weight coefficient when the I signal of the kth symbol is corrected
  • C e ( ) is a weight coefficient when the Q signal of the kth symbol is corrected, and is a signal of the kth symbol I and Q after being judged and outputted.
  • the complex signal composed of the signal WW is the complex signal composed of the kth symbol I signal and the Q signal before the decision, for the I signal before the distortion compensation, 3 ⁇ 4 ( ) is the Q signal before the distortion compensation, indicating the coefficient update
  • the step size, * indicates the conjugate operation.
  • the I signal and the Q signal are corrected symbol by symbol, and the decision output Y of the demodulator feedback is used as a reference.
  • the adaptive algorithm can direct the I signal and the Q signal to the undistorted standard constellation point. Corrected to achieve accurate compensation; simultaneous symbol-by-symbol correction and update can quickly respond to real-time changes in distortion for better tracking of distortion.
  • the adaptive tracking logic provided as shown in FIG. 11 also provides a way to adaptively adjust the weights:
  • the complex signal S and the decision result are subjected to a subtractor operation, and then stepwise control is adjusted to enter respectively and 3 ⁇ 4 (the second) Split, after the above formula
  • an IQ signal input port the signal form is a parallel signal of I and Q; one switch control Input port, the signal form is a binary signal; a decision feedback input port, the signal form is a complex signal; a bypass IQ signal output port, the signal form is two parallel signals of I, Q; an adaptive correction output port
  • the signal form is a complex signal.
  • bypass switch signal In low-key mode, the bypass switch signal remains closed and only DC correction and geometric correction are performed.
  • the IQ signal is output from the bypass port to the subsequent processing module, and the feedback input port and the adaptive tracking correction output port have no signal flow.
  • the bypass switch signal remains on, the adaptive tracking correction is activated, the corrected complex signal is output from the adaptive tracking correction output port, the determined complex signal is fed back to the input port, and the bypass output port has no signal. flow.
  • the modulation order is adaptively changed according to the received signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
  • the IQ correction can switch the bypass switch signal according to the high and low of the modulation mode, and activate or bypass the adaptive tracking module; It is also possible to keep the bypass switch closed and activate the adaptive tracking module for a long time to reduce switching.
  • the transmitting and receiving ends use multiple antenna arrays to realize point-to-point communication backhaul.
  • multiple signal streams are simultaneously transmitted between the transmitting and receiving antenna arrays, and the receiving front end relies on the back end MIM0 decoding to recover data in the multiple signal streams.
  • multiple receiving front ends are connected with corresponding IQ correction modules, and the modulation order of the system is not very high for complexity considerations, so the adaptive tracking correction is bypassed during IQ correction, and the IQ correction works without a decision.
  • the MIM0 system performs decoding and performs baseband processing.
  • the IQ correction method is the same as the above embodiment in the present embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the feedback-free state of the IQ correction module greatly simplifies the structure of the MIM0 system with IQ correction, which allows the subsequent baseband processing structures of the individual IQ signals to be combined.
  • the second way, as shown in Figure 13, is as follows:
  • the correction method of the IQ signal shown in FIG. 13 is based on FIG. 12, and an auxiliary generation feedback signal auxiliary processing module and a pre-decision module are added to each branch.
  • the pre-decision and the auxiliary processing are for a single signal.
  • Digital processing the decision result provides a reference for the current branch to correct the IQ signal. It should be noted that the decision result of each branch only provides a reference for the correction of the IQ signal of the current branch, and does not form a final decoding result.
  • the final decoding and decision output are generated by the MIM0 system decoding and baseband processing module. of.
  • each branch needs to include an independent feedback loop. Therefore, the function modules that assist in generating the feedback signal in the baseband processing must be modified and proposed, respectively. In the processing branch of the multi-channel signal, the feedback not only complicates the system structure, but also makes the decoding and functional module segmentation very difficult.
  • a method for correcting an IQ signal by buffering an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame, and according to an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame, DC offset cancellation and geometric correction of the I signal and the Q signal of the current frame can eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal, eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal constellation, facilitate subsequent signal processing and demodulation, and can be greatly reduced without hardware. Hardware cost.
  • the embodiment provides an apparatus for correcting an IQ signal, the apparatus comprising:
  • a first saving module 301 configured to save an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame
  • a first correction module 302 configured to receive an I signal of a current frame and a Q signal of a current frame, according to the first save module
  • the I signal of the previous frame saved by 301 cancels the DC offset in the I signal of the current frame, and cancels the DC offset in the Q signal of the current frame according to the Q signal of the previous frame saved by the first saving module;
  • the second saving module 303 is configured to save the I signal obtained by the first correction module 302 after the DC offset is removed, and the Q signal after the DC offset is removed from the previous frame;
  • the second correction module 304 is configured to cancel the DC signal after the DC offset after the DC offset and the Q signal after the DC offset is removed according to the previous frame saved by the second save module 303.
  • the Q signal after the DC offset is removed from the current frame is geometrically corrected to obtain the current frame corrected I signal and the current frame corrected Q signal.
  • the first correction module 302 specifically includes:
  • the first statistic unit 3021 is configured to perform statistics on the average level value of the I signal of the previous frame to obtain a DC offset of the I signal of the previous frame, and eliminate the current frame according to the DC offset of the I signal of the previous frame.
  • the first correcting unit 3022 is configured to perform statistics on the average level value of the Q signal of the previous frame to obtain a DC offset of the Q signal of the previous frame, and eliminate the current frame according to the DC offset of the Q signal of the previous frame.
  • the DC offset of the Q signal is configured to perform statistics on the average level value of the I signal of the previous frame to obtain a DC offset of the I signal of the previous frame, and eliminate the current frame according to the DC offset of the Q signal of the previous frame.
  • the second correction module 304 specifically includes:
  • the converting unit 3041 is configured to use the constellation diagram to display the I signal after the DC offset is removed from the previous frame and the Q signal after the DC offset is removed from the previous frame.
  • a second statistic unit 3042 configured to separately calculate an average value vector in the first and second quadrants of the I signal after the DC offset of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame to cancel the DC offset, to obtain the first vector And a second vector;
  • a first calculating unit 3043 configured to calculate a third vector, a fourth vector according to the first vector and the second vector, and calculate an angle between the fourth vector and the X axis, where the third vector is the first vector sum An average vector of the second vector, the fourth vector being the difference between the first vector and the second vector;
  • the second correcting unit 3044 is configured to perform geometric correction on the DC signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame and the Q signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame according to the third vector, the fourth vector, and the angle to obtain the current frame.
  • the corrected I signal and the current frame corrected Q signal are configured to perform geometric correction on the DC signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame and the Q signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame according to the third vector, the fourth vector, and the angle to obtain the current frame.
  • the second calibration module 304 further includes:
  • the rotation unit 3045 is configured to calculate, in the second statistical unit 3042, the mean vector in the first and second quadrants of the constellation of the I signal after the DC offset of the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame. Before obtaining the first vector and the second vector, the third and fourth quadrants of the constellation of the I signal after the DC offset is removed from the previous frame and the Q signal of the previous frame from the DC offset are rotated by 180 degrees along the origin.
  • the second correcting unit 3044 specifically includes:
  • a first correcting subunit 30441 configured to multiply the canceled DC offset I signal of the current frame by the fourth vector to obtain the current frame corrected I signal
  • the second correction sub-unit 30442 is configured to multiply the Q signal after the DC offset cancellation of the current frame by the angle, and then multiply the third vector to obtain the current frame-corrected Q signal.
  • the second correction module 304 further includes:
  • the step control unit 3046 is configured to, after the second correcting unit 3044 removes the DC offset from the current frame according to the third vector, the fourth vector, and the included angle, the Q signal after canceling the DC offset of the current frame. Stepwise control is performed on the third vector and the fourth vector before geometric correction is performed to obtain the current frame-corrected I signal and the current frame-corrected Q signal.
  • the foregoing apparatus further includes:
  • the adaptive tracking module 305 is configured to: after the current frame-corrected I signal and the current frame-corrected Q signal are obtained by the second correction module 304, the current frame-corrected I signal and the current frame according to the first-order adaptive filtering structure
  • the corrected Q signal is corrected symbol by symbol to obtain the current frame corrected I signal and the current frame corrected Q signal, and will be current
  • the frame-corrected I signal and the current frame corrected Q signal are combined into a complex signal.
  • the adaptive tracking module 305 specifically includes:
  • the third correcting unit 3051 is configured to correct the current frame according to the first formula by using the weight coefficients ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and (: 2 ( ⁇ )
  • the I signal and the current frame corrected Q signal are subjected to symbol-by-symbol distortion compensation.
  • the signal, 3 ⁇ 4 is the Q signal before the distortion compensation, and the I signal after the distortion compensation, and the Q signal after the distortion compensation, represents the kth symbol;
  • the synthesizing unit 3052 is configured to synthesize the corrected IQ signal into a complex signal.
  • the above apparatus further includes:
  • the decision result receiving module 306 is configured to, after performing the decision output on the complex signal, receive the decision result after the foregoing decision output.
  • the above device further comprises:
  • the weight coefficient correction module 307 is configured to: after the decision result receiving module 305 receives the decision result after the decision output, use the second formula to correct the weight coefficient according to the result of the complex signal and the output after the decision, the second formula is specifically:
  • CA + l is a weight coefficient when the I signal of the k+1th symbol is corrected
  • C e + 1) is a weight coefficient when the Q signal of the k+1th symbol is corrected
  • ⁇ (k) is The weight coefficient when the I signal of the kth symbol is corrected
  • C e ) is a weight coefficient when the Q signal of the kth symbol is corrected, and is a complex signal composed of the kth symbol I signal and the Q signal which is output after the decision.
  • WW is a complex signal consisting of the kth symbol I signal and the Q signal output before the decision, and is the I signal before the distortion compensation, and the Q signal before the distortion compensation, indicating the step size of the coefficient update
  • * indicates Conjugate operation.
  • An apparatus for correcting an IQ signal by buffering an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame, and according to an I signal of a previous frame and a Q signal of a previous frame, DC offset cancellation and geometric correction of the I signal and the Q signal of the current frame can eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal, eliminate the distortion of the IQ signal constellation, facilitate subsequent signal processing and demodulation, and can be greatly reduced without hardware. Hardware cost.
  • One of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments can be completed by hardware.
  • the related hardware may be instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium mentioned above may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
  • the storage medium mentioned above may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种校正同相正交信号的方法和装置,属于信号处理领域。所述方法包括:保存接收前端输出的上一帧的I信号和上一帧的Q信号,根据所述上一帧的I信号和上一帧的Q信号消除当前帧的I信号和当前帧的Q信号的直流偏置,并根据所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的Q信号对所述当前帧消除直流偏置后的I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置后的Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的I信号和当前帧校正后的Q信号。本发明可以消除IQ信号的失真,消除IQ信号星座图的扭曲,便于后续信号处理和解调,并且不采用硬件,能够极大的降低硬件成本。

Description

一种校正同相正交信号的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及信号处理领域, 特别涉及一种校正同相正交信号的方法和装置。 背景技术
信号处理技术中, 通常将复数信号通过正交采样分为 I (In-Phase, 同相) 信号和 Q
(Quadrature-Phase, 正交) 信号两路信号 (即 IQ信号, 也可写为 I/Q信号)。 在通信系 统中, 发送端利用混频器将 IQ信号调制到正交载波上传输出去, 如图 1所示; 接收端则利 用正交载波将 IQ信号解调分离, 如图 2所示。 复数信号的正确分解与合成, 要求 IQ两路 信号具有相同的幅度增益和绝对正交的相位差。
在实现本发明的过程中, 发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题:
在实际系统中, 由于混频器、 DAC (Digital-Analog Converter, 数模转换器)、 ADC (Analog-Digital Converter, 模数转换器) 和滤波器的不理想, 以及传输通道特性的不 一致, IQ信号的幅度增益并不完全相同; 由于移相器的不理想和通道相位的非线性失真, IQ信号的相位也不完全正交; 同时, 系统中的本振泄露等因素还会导致 IQ信号产生直流偏 移的问题。 因此, 在实际通信系统中, 接收端得到的 I、 Q信号 和¾ '往往是发送 I、 Q信 号 和 ¾的失真耦合, 具体关系如公式 (1) (2) 所示:
Sj = DCj + 7 x (Sj cos(i/ j ) + s0 sin(^7 )) (1)
=DCQ+aQx (sQ cos< e ) - Sj sin(^g )) (2)
其中 /)<^和!)<^分别表示 I、 Q信号的直流偏置, ^和^分别表示对工、 Q信号的增益 幅度, 和^?则分别表示 I、 Q信号的相位偏转量。
IQ信号的失真将直接导致接收信号星座图的扭曲畸变, 极大地影响了后续均衡和解调 的性能。 虽然目前能够依靠提高电路元器件质量与改进电路设计的方法能够降低信号失真 的程度, 但这种方式将产生极大的硬件成本。 发明内容
为了解决现有的 IQ信号的失真问题, 本发明实施例提供了一种校正 IQ信号的方法和 装置。 所述技术方案如下- 一种校正 IQ信号的方法, 所述方法包括:
保存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号;
接收当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号, 根据所述上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧的 I信 号中的直流偏置, 根据所述上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置;
保存上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
根据上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧消除 直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I 信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。 一种校正 IQ信号的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括:
第一保存模块, 用于保存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号;
第一校正模块, 用于接收当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号, 根据所述第一保存模块 保存的所述上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧的 I信号中的直流偏置, 根据所述第一保存模块保 存的所述上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置;
第二保存模块, 用于保存所述第一校正模块得到的上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I 信号和 上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
第二校正模块, 用于根据所述第二保存模块保存的上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I 信号和 上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置 后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。 本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是: 通过缓存上一帧的 I 信号和上一帧 的 Q信号, 并根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号对当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号 进行直流偏置消除和几何校正, 可以消除 IQ信号的失真, 消除 IQ信号星座图的扭曲, 便 于后续信号处理和解调, 并且不采用硬件, 能够极大的降低硬件成本。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的 附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本 领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的 附图。
图 1是本发明背景技术中提供的 IQ信号调制示意图; 图 2是本发明背景技术中提供的 IQ信号解调分离示意图;
图 3是本发明实施例 1中提供的校正 IQ信号的方法的流程示意图;
图 4是本发明实施例 2中提供的对接收前端输出的 IQ信号进行校正的示意图; 图 5是本发明实施例 2中提供的一种校正同相正交信号的方法的流程示意图; 图 6是本发明实施例 2中提供的正常 IQ信号与失真 IQ信号的星座图对比示意图; 图 7是本发明实施例 2中提供的消除 IQ信号直流分量的示意图;
图 8是本发明实施例 2中提供的上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号的星座图; 图 9是本发明实施例 2中提供的经变换后的上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号的星座 图;
图 10是本发明实施例 2中提供的对当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号进行几何校的示 意图;
图 11是本发明实施例 2中提供的对当前帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流 偏置后的 Q信号使用一阶自适应滤波结构进行逐符号修正的示意图;
图 12是本发明实施例 2中提供的在 MIM0系统中对 IQ进行校正的第一种方式的示意图; 图 13是本发明实施例 2中提供的在 MIM0系统中对 IQ进行校正的第二种方式的示意图; 图 14是本发明实施例 3中提供的 种校正 IQ信号的装置的结构示意图;
图 15是本发明实施例 3中提供的 -种校正 IQ信号的装置中的第一校正模块的结构示 意图;
图 16是本发明实施例 3中提供的 -种校正 IQ信号的装置中的第二校正模块的第一种 结构示意图;
图 17是本发明实施例 3中提供的 -种校正 IQ信号的装置中的第二校正模块的第二种 结构示意图;
图 18是本发明实施例 3中提供的 -种校正 IQ信号的装置中的第二校正模块的第三种 结构示意图;
图 19是本发明实施例 3中提供的 种校正 IQ信号的装置的第二种结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作 进一步地详细描述。
实施例 1
如图 3所示, 本实施例提供了一种校正 IQ信号的方法, 具体如下: 101、 保存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号;
102、 接收当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号, 根据上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧的 I信 号中的直流偏置, 根据上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置;
103、 保存上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
104、 根据上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧 消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正 后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。 本发明实施例所提供的一种校正 IQ信号的方法, 通过缓存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号,并根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号对当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号进行 直流偏置的消除和几何校正, 可以消除 IQ信号的失真, 消除 IQ信号星座图的扭曲, 便于 后续信号处理和解调, 并且不采用硬件, 能够极大的降低硬件成本。 实施例 2
本实施例提供了一种校正同相正交信号的方法, 如图 4所示, 通过本方法可对接收前 端输出的 IQ信号进行校正, 以消除失真。
如图 5所示, 以下对一种校正同相正交信号的方法进行详细说明, 具体如下:
201保存接收前端输出的上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号,并接收当前帧的 I信号和 当前帧的 Q信号;
其中, 上一帧指当前时刻之前的一段连续的信号数据, 其长度可根据需求进行设定。
202、 根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号的 直流偏置;
需要说明的是, 正常 IQ信号的星座图以原点为中心, 而直流偏置将导致 IQ信号的星 座图出现整体的偏移, 因此, 如图 6所示, 在本步骤中进行直流失真的消除。
如图 7所示,根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q 信号的直流偏置, 具体包括- 对接收前端输出的上一帧的 I信号进行缓存, 对该上一帧的 I信号的平均电平值进行 统计得到直流偏置量, 根据上一帧的 I信号的直流偏置量消除当前帧的 I信号的直流分量; 对接收前端输出的上一帧的 Q信号进行缓存, 对该上一帧的 Q信号的平均电平值进行 统计得到直流偏置量, 根据上一帧的 Q信号的直流偏置量消除当前帧的 Q信号和的直流偏 置。 其中, 如图 7所示, 在本步骤 202中, 具体地, 根据上一帧 I信号的直流偏置量消除 当前帧的 I信号的直流偏置 , 根据上一帧 Q信号的直流偏置量消除当前帧的 Q信号的 直流偏置 DCe。 在本实施例中, 一帧的时间长度具体为 20CT500符号, 并且在本实施例中, 规定 1秒 =500符号。
需要说明的是,在根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号的直流偏置量消除当前帧的 I 信号和当前帧的 Q信号的直流偏置之后, 本方法还包括:
保存上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
203、 根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号的对当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和 当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正;
在本实施例中, 以 M-QAM (Multi-Level Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, 多电平 正交调幅) 信号为例对进行几何校正的方法进行说明, 由于失真矩阵的对称性, 失真 IQ信 号的不平衡星座图是关于坐标原点对称的, 相应地, 根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信 号的对当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校 正, 具体包括:
203-1、 缓存上一帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号, 并以星座图进行表示;
其中, 如图 8所示, 为上一帧的 I消除直流偏置后的信号和上一帧的消除直流偏置后 的 Q信号的星座图, 在本实施例中, 以上一帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧的消除 直流偏置后的 Q信号未经过校正进行说明, 则该图关于原点对称。
203-2、将上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号的星座图的第 3、 4象限沿着原点旋转 180 度后, 与第 1、 2象限重合, 分别统计第 1、 2象限内上一帧所有符号的均值矢量得到第一 矢量 OA和第二矢量 0B;
203-3、 根据第一矢量 OA和第二矢量 0B计算得到第三矢量 0C、 第四矢量 BA, 并计算 得到第四矢量 BA与 X轴的夹角《;
在本实施例中, 第三矢量 0C、 第四矢量 BA及夹角 "具体如图 9所示:
其中, 第三矢量 0C为第一矢量 0A和第二矢量 0B的平均矢量, 为经过将第一矢量 0A 和第二矢量 0B求和后除以 2得到;
第四向量 BA为第一矢量 0A和第二矢量 0B之差。
需要说明的是, 夹角"反映了星座图的整体旋转, 第三矢量 0C与 Y轴的夹角 ^则反映 了 Q信号分量的相对 Y轴的旋转偏移, 而 | BA |、 | 0C |则反映了 I、 Q信号间的相对幅值失真。 203-4、 根据第三矢量 0C、 第四矢量 BA和夹角 "对当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号 和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正。
在本实施例中, 几何校正具体为使用上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号在信号空间中 的两个统计矢量来判断上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号的 IQ不平衡形状, 并通过统计矢 量的参数步进式地调整当前帧 IQ信号的增益和旋转, 最终得到平衡的 IQ信号。
具体地, 如图 10所示, 根据第三矢量 0C、 第四矢量 BA和夹角"对当前帧的消除直流 偏置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正包括:
将当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号与第四矢量 BA相乘, 得到校正后的 I信号, 将当 前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号与夹角 "相乘后, 再与第三向量 0C相乘, 得到校正后的 Q 信号。
其中, 夹角 "为第四矢量 BA与 X轴的夹角, 可通过对第四矢量 BA取角度得到。
需要说明的是, 在步骤 203-4之前, 本方法还可以包括:
对第三向量 0C和第四向量 BA进行步长控制, 从而避免校正量过大而引起过补偿, 造 成振荡失真。
204、 判断旁路开关是否被切断, 如果是, 执行步骤 205, 如果不是, 执行步骤 206; 需要说明的是, 在步骤 203进行几何校正后, IQ信号的失真已经被补偿到了一个很小 的程度。 在调制阶数较低的通信系统中, 与系统噪声相比, 校正后的剩余失真度已不是影 响后续判决误码的主要因素。 为了减小校正算法复杂度、 简化系统结构, 可以通过旁路开 关将几何校正后的 IQ信号直接送入后续的基带处理模块, 同时切断判决反馈环路。
在调制阶数较高的系统中, 为了进一步提高 IQ信号失真补偿的精度, 同时, 由于高阶 调制下, 几何校正中统计的帧长度更大, 会造成更大的时延, 为了进一步提高突变失真的 实时跟踪能力, 通过切断旁路开关, 可激活后续的自适应跟踪模块, 并闭合判决反馈环路。
205、 根据一阶自适应滤波结构对当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号进行 逐符号的修正;
进一步地, 根据一阶自适应滤波结构对当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信 号进行逐符号的修正, 具体包括- 利用权重系数 <^(^)和(:2(^)根据公式(3)对当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的
Q信号信号分别进行失真补偿, 公式 (3) 如下- 卜 )= (3)
[sQ (k) = CQ (k) - sQ (k)
其中, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, 也即当前帧校正后的 I信号, ¾ 为进行 失真补偿前的 Q信号,也即当前帧校正后的 Q信号, ^ (k)为进行失真补偿后的 I信号, sQ (k) 为进行失真补偿后的 Q信号, k表示第 k符号。
并且, 本发明实施例提供了根据上述方法, 通过逻辑电路进行实现一阶自适应滤波结 构对当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号进行逐符号的修正的方式, 具体如图 11所示:
在自适应跟踪电路的接收端, 分别接收经过几何校正的当前帧的 I信号 和 Q信号 sQ (k) , 并使 ^)和¾(^:)分路传输, 其中, ^^)和¾(^:)的第一分路上布置有乘法器, 并 通过乘法器与对应的权重系数相乘, 得到修正后的当前帧的 I信号 ^:)和修正后的当前帧 的 Q信号 :)。
需要说明的是, 在利用一阶自适应滤波结构对当前帧校正后的 I 信号和当前帧校正后 的 Q信号进行逐符号的修正后, 将当前帧修正后的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号合成为 复信号, 将该复信号进行基带处理之后, 解调器对该复信号进行判决后输出, 并反馈判决 结果 Y。
相应地, 如图 11所示, 本方法还包括: 根据校正后的复信号与解调器反馈的判决结果 Υ的误差来修正两个权重系数 <^和 , 使得两个系数沿误差减小的梯度方向变化, 不断逼 近 IQ信号中的失真分量, 将其补偿, 具体使用如下公式(4 )来修正两个权重系数 <^和(:2 :
\ Q (k + \) = Q (k) + [Y(k) - S(k)]Sj (k) 、
[CQ (k + \) = CQ (k) - [Y(k) - S(k)t sQ (k)
其中, G^ + l)为对第 k+1符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce (A + l)为对第 k+1 符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, C^k)为对第 k符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce( )为对第 k符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, 为经过判决后输出的由第 k符 号 I信号和 Q信号组成的复信号, WW为判决前输出的由第 k符号 I信号和 Q信号组成的 复信号, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, ¾ ( )为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 表示系数 更新的步长, *表示取共轭操作。
根据一阶自适应滤波结构对 I信号和 Q信号进行逐符号的修正时, 以解调器反馈的判 决输出结果 Y为参考, 自适应算法能够将 I信号和 Q信号向无失真的标准星座点上修正, 以实现精确补偿; 同时逐符号的修正和更新能够快速响应失真的实时变化, 更好地跟踪失 真。
具体地, 如图 11所示提供的自适应跟踪的逻辑电路也提供了对权重进行自适应调整的 方式:
修正后的当前帧的 I信号 ^:)和修正后的当前帧的 Q信号 ¾ ^:)经过加法器运算后, 合成为复信号 s, 解调器对复信号 S进行判决后反馈判决结果 Y, 复信号 S与判决结果 Υ经 过减法器运算后, 再经过步长控制调整, 分别进入 )和¾( 的第二分路, 经过上述公式
(4) 的运算后, 得到修正后的权重系数。
206、 对上一帧的进行失真补偿后的 I和上一帧的进行失真补偿后的 Q信号进行基带处 理。
需要说明的是, 以上实施例所述内容适用于在微波通信回传系统中的应用, 如图 4所 示, 一个 IQ信号输入端口, 信号形式为 I、 Q两路的并行信号; 一个开关控制输入端口, 信号形式为一路的二进制信号; 一个判决反馈输入端口, 信号形式为一路复信号; 一个旁 路 IQ信号输出端口, 信号形式为 I、 Q两路的并行信号; 一个自适应校正输出端口, 信号 形式为一路复信号。
在低调模式下, 旁路开关信号保持合闭状态, 只进行直流校正和几何校正, 校正后的
IQ信号从旁路端口输出至后续处理模块, 反馈输入端口和自适应跟踪校正输出端口无信号 流。
在高调模式下, 旁路开关信号保持开启状态, 自适应跟踪校正被激活, 校正后的复信 号从自适应跟踪校正输出端口输出, 判决后的复信号反馈输入端口输入, 旁路输出端口无 信号流。
在自适应调制模式下, 调制阶数根据系统的接收信噪比自适应的变化, 此时, IQ校正 既可以根据调制模式的高低切换旁路开关信号, 激活或旁路掉自适应跟踪模块; 也可以保 持旁路开关的闭合, 长期激活自适应跟踪模块, 减少切换。
进一步地, 上述方法还可应用于在多输入多输出 (MIM0, Multiple-Input
Multiple-Out-put ) 微波通信系统中, 根据本发明提供的方法, 在对 MIM0系统中的 IQ信 号进行校正时, 供可提供两种方式- 第一种方式, 具体如图 12所示:
收发两端利用多个天线阵列实现点对点的通信回传, 在 MIM0系统中多路信号流同时在 收发天线阵列间传输, 接收前端依靠后端的 MIM0解码恢复多路信号流中的数据。 具体地, 多个接收前端连接有对应的 IQ校正模块, 出于复杂度的考虑系统的调制阶数不是很高, 因 此在 IQ校正时自适应跟踪校正被旁路, 且 IQ校正工作于无判决反馈状态, 接收前端接收 的信号经上述 IQ校正后, 由 MIM0系统进行解码并进行基带处理, 其中, 在本方式中, IQ 校正方法与上述实施例相同, 这里不再赘述。
在第一种方式中, IQ校正模块的无反馈状态将大大简化带有 IQ校正的 MIM0系统的结 构, 它使得各路 IQ信号后续基带处理的结构能够综合在一起。 第二种方式, 具体如图 13所示:
图 13所示的 IQ信号的校正方式, 在图 12的基础之上, 在每个支路中增加了辅助产生 反馈信号辅助处理模块和预判决模块, 预判决和辅助处理是针对单路信号的数字处理, 其 判决结果为当前支路进行 IQ信号的校正提供参考依据。 需要说明的是, 每个支路的判决结 果仅为当前支路进行 IQ信号的校正提供参考依据, 并不形成最终的解码结果, 最终的解码 和判决输出是由 MIM0系统解码和基带处理模块产生的。
需要说明的是, 在图 13所示的 IQ信号的校正方式中, 因此每个支路需要包含独立的 反馈环路, 因此, 基带处理中辅助产生反馈信号的功能模块必须被修改、 提出, 分别放入 多路信号的处理支路中, 反馈不但使得系统结构复杂化, 而且对解码和功能模块的分割造 成了很大的难度。 本发明实施例所提供的一种校正 IQ信号的方法, 通过缓存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号,并根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号对当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号进行 直流偏置消除和几何校正, 可以消除 IQ信号的失真, 消除 IQ信号星座图的扭曲, 便于后 续信号处理和解调, 并且不采用硬件, 能够极大的降低硬件成本。 实施例 3
如图 14所示, 本实施例提供了一种校正 IQ信号的装置, 该装置包括:
第一保存模块 301, 用于保存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号;
第一校正模块 302, 用于接收当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号, 根据第一保存模块
301保存的上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧的 I信号中的直流偏置,根据第一保存模块保存的上 一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置;
第二保存模块 303,用于保存第一校正模块 302得到的上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号 和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
第二校正模块 304,用于根据第二保存模块 303保存的上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号 和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏 置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
进一步地, 如图 15所示, 第一校正模块 302, 具体包括:
第一统计单元 3021, 用于对上一帧的 I信号的平均电平值进行统计得到上一帧的 I信 号的直流偏置量, 根据上一帧的 I信号的直流偏置量消除当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信 号的直流偏置; 第一校正单元 3022, 用于对上一帧的 Q信号的平均电平值进行统计得到上一帧的 Q信 号的直流偏置量, 根据上一帧的 Q信号的直流偏置量消除当前帧的 Q信号的直流偏置。
进一步地, 如图 16所示, 第二校正模块 304, 具体包括:
转换单元 3041, 用于将上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q 信号使用星座图进行表示;
第二统计单元 3042, 用于分别统计上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流 偏置后的 Q信号的星座图的第 1、 2象限内的均值矢量得到第一矢量和第二矢量;
第一计算单元 3043, 用于根据第一矢量和第二矢量计算得到第三矢量、 第四矢量, 并 计算得到第四矢量与 X轴的夹角", 其中, 第三矢量为第一矢量和第二矢量的平均矢量, 第四矢量为第一矢量和第二矢量的差;
第二校正单元 3044, 用于根据第三矢量、 第四矢量和夹角 "对当前帧的消除直流偏置 后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号 和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
进一步地, 如图 17所示, 第二校正模块 304, 还包括:
旋转单元 3045,用于在第二统计单元 3042分别统计上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和 上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座图的第 1、 2象限内的均值矢量得到第一矢量和第二 矢量之前, 将上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座图 的第 3、 4象限沿着原点旋转 180度。
进一步地, 第二校正单元 3044, 具体包括:
第一校正子单元 30441, 用于将当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号与第四矢量相乘, 得 到当前帧校正后的 I信号;
第二校正子单元 30442, 用于将当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号与夹角"相乘后, 再 与第三向量相乘, 得到当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
进一步地, 如图 18所示, 第二校正模块 304, 还包括:
步长控制单元 3046, 用于在第二校正单元 3044根据第三矢量、第四矢量和夹角"对当 前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当 前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号之前, 对第三向量和第四向量进行步长控制。
进一步地, 如图 19所示, 上述装置还包括:
自适应跟踪模块 305,用于在第二校正模块 304得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校 正后的 Q信号之后,根据一阶自适应滤波结构对当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q 信号进行逐符号的修正, 得到当前帧修正后的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号, 并将当前 帧修正后的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号合成为复信号。
进一步地, 自适应跟踪模块 305, 具体包括:
第三校正单元 3051, 用于利用权重系数 <^(^)和(:2(^)根据第一公式对当前帧校正后的
I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号进行逐符号的失真补偿, 第一公式具体为- s1 (k) = C1 (k) - s1 (k) 其中, W为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, ¾ 为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 为 进行失真补偿后的 I信号, 为进行失真补偿后的 Q信号, 表示第 k符号;
合成单元 3052, 用于将修正后的 IQ信号合成为复信号。
进一步地, 上述装置还包括:
判决结果接收模块 306, 用于当对上述复信号进行判决输出后, 接收上述进行判决输出 后的判决结果。
相应地, 上述装置还包括:
权重系数修正模块 307,用于在判决结果接收模块 305接收进行判决输出后的判决结果 之后, 根据复信号和判决后输出的结果使用第二公式对权重系数进行修正, 第二公式具体 为:
Figure imgf000013_0001
其中, C A + l)为对第 k+1符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce + 1)为对第 k+1 符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, ^ (k)为对第 k符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce )为对第 k符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, 为判决后输出的由第 k符号 I 信号和 Q信号组成的复信号, WW为判决前输出的由第 k符号 I信号和 Q信号组成的复信 号, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, ¾ 为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 表示系数更新 的步长, *表示取共轭操作。
本发明实施例所提供的一种校正 IQ信号的装置, 通过缓存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号,并根据上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号对当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号进行 直流偏置消除和几何校正, 可以消除 IQ信号的失真, 消除 IQ信号星座图的扭曲, 便于后 续信号处理和解调, 并且不采用硬件, 能够极大的降低硬件成本。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完 成, 也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成, 所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储 介质中, 上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器, 磁盘或光盘等。 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的精神和原则 之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种校正同相正交 IQ信号的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
保存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号;
接收当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号, 根据所述上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧的 I信号 中的直流偏置, 根据所述上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置;
保存上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
根据上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧消除直 流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信 号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧 的 I信号中的直流偏置, 根据所述上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置, 具体 包括:
对所述上一帧的 I信号的平均电平值进行统计得到上一帧的 I信号的直流偏置量, 根据 所述上一帧的 I信号的直流偏置量消除所述当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号的直流偏置; 对所述上一帧的 Q信号的平均电平值进行统计得到上一帧的 Q信号的直流偏置量, 根据 所述上一帧的 Q信号的直流偏置量消除所述当前帧的 Q信号的直流偏置。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号 和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置 后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号, 具体包括: 将所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号使用星座图进 行表示;
分别统计所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座 图的第 1、 2象限内的均值矢量得到第一矢量和第二矢量;
根据所述第一矢量和第二矢量计算得到第三矢量、 第四矢量, 并计算得到所述第四矢量 与 X轴的夹角", 其中, 所述第三矢量为所述第一矢量和第二矢量的平均矢量, 所述第四矢 量为所述第一矢量和第二矢量的差;
根据所述第三矢量、 第四矢量和夹角"对所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前 帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q 信号。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述分别统计所述上一帧消除直流偏置 后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座图的第 1、 2象限内的均值矢量得到第一 矢量和第二矢量之前, 所述方法还包括:
将所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座图的第 3、 4象限沿着原点旋转 180度。
5、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述第三矢量、 第四矢量和 夹角"对所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几 何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号, 具体包括:
将所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号与所述第四矢量相乘, 得到当前帧校正后的 I 信号, 将所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号与所述夹角"相乘后, 再与所述第三向量相 乘, 得到当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
6、 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述第三矢量、 第四矢量和 夹角"对所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几 何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号之前, 所述方法还包括:
对所述第三向量和第四向量进行步长控制。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧 校正后的 Q信号之后, 所述方法还包括:
根据一阶自适应滤波结构对所述当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号进行逐 符号的修正, 得到当前帧修正后的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号, 并将所述当前帧修正后 的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号合成为复信号。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据一阶自适应滤波结构对所述当前 帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号进行逐符号的修正, 具体包括- 利用权重系数 <^(^)和^(^)根据第一公式对所述当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后 的 Q信号进行逐符号的失真补偿, 所述第一公式具体为- s1 (k) = C1 (k) - s1 (k) 其中, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, ¾ 为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 为进 行失真补偿后的 I信号, 为进行失真补偿后的 Q信号, 表示第 k符号。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括:
当对所述复信号进行判决输出后, 接收所述进行判决输出后的判决结果。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收所述进行判决输出后的判决结 果之后, 所述方法还包括:
根据所述复信号和所述判决结果使用第二公式对所述权重系数进行修正, 所述第二公式 具体为-
Figure imgf000017_0001
其中, ^ + l)为对第 k+1符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce + 1)为对第 k+1 符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, C人 k、为对第 k符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce(W为对第 k符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, 为所述判决后输出的由第 k符号 I信号和 Q信号组成的复信号, 为判决前输出的由第 k符号 I信号和 Q信号组成的复信 号, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, 为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 表示系数更新 的步长, *表示取共轭操作。
11、 一种校正同相正交 IQ信号的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括:
第一保存模块, 用于保存上一帧的 I信号和上一帧的 Q信号;
第一校正模块, 用于接收当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的 Q信号, 根据所述第一保存模块保 存的所述上一帧的 I信号消除当前帧的 I信号中的直流偏置, 根据所述第一保存模块保存的 所述上一帧的 Q信号消除当前帧的 Q信号中的直流偏置;
第二保存模块, 用于保存所述第一校正模块得到的上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上 一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号;
第二校正模块, 用于根据所述第二保存模块保存的上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上 一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号对当前帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一校正模块, 具体包括: 第一统计单元, 用于对所述上一帧的 I信号的平均电平值进行统计得到上一帧的 I信号 的直流偏置量, 根据所述上一帧的 I信号的直流偏置量消除所述当前帧的 I信号和当前帧的
Q信号的直流偏置;
第一校正单元, 用于对所述上一帧的 Q信号的平均电平值进行统计得到上一帧的 Q信号 的直流偏置量,根据所述上一帧的 Q信号的直流偏置量消除所述当前帧的 Q信号的直流偏置。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二校正模块, 具体包括: 转换单元, 用于将所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信 号使用星座图进行表示;
第二统计单元, 用于分别统计所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏 置后的 Q信号的星座图的第 1、 2象限内的均值矢量得到第一矢量和第二矢量;
第一计算单元, 用于根据所述第一矢量和第二矢量计算得到第三矢量、 第四矢量, 并计 算得到所述第四矢量与 X轴的夹角", 其中, 所述第三矢量为所述第一矢量和第二矢量的平 均矢量, 所述第四矢量为所述第一矢量和第二矢量的差;
第二校正单元, 用于根据所述第三矢量、 第四矢量和夹角"对所述当前帧的消除直流偏 置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当前帧校正后的 I信号 和当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二校正模块, 还包括: 旋转单元, 用于在所述第二统计单元分别统计所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上 一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座图的第 1、 2象限内的均值矢量得到第一矢量和第二矢量 之前, 将所述上一帧消除直流偏置后的 I信号和上一帧消除直流偏置后的 Q信号的星座图的 第 3、 4象限沿着原点旋转 180度。
15、 根据权利要求 13或 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二校正单元, 具体包括: 第一校正子单元, 用于将所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号与所述第四矢量相乘, 得到当前帧校正后的 I信号; 第二校正子单元, 用于将所述当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号与所述夹角 "相乘后, 再与所述第三向量相乘, 得到当前帧校正后的 Q信号。
16、 根据权利要求 13或 14所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二校正模块, 还包括: 步长控制单元, 用于在所述第二校正单元根据所述第三矢量、 第四矢量和夹角"对所述 当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 I信号和当前帧的消除直流偏置后的 Q信号进行几何校正得到当 前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号之前, 对所述第三向量和第四向量进行步长控 制。
17、 根据权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括:
自适应跟踪模块, 用于在所述第二校正模块得到当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后 的 Q信号之后, 根据一阶自适应滤波结构对所述当前帧校正后的 I信号和当前帧校正后的 Q 信号进行逐符号的修正, 得到当前帧修正后的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号, 并将所述当 前帧修正后的 I信号和当前帧修正后的 Q信号合成为复信号。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述自适应跟踪模块, 具体包括: 第三校正单元, 用于利用权重系数 <^(^)和^(^)根据第一公式对所述当前帧校正后的 I 信号和当前帧校正后的 Q信号进行逐符号的失真补偿, 所述第一公式具体为-
Figure imgf000019_0001
其中, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, ¾ 为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 为进 行失真补偿后的 I信号, 为进行失真补偿后的 Q信号, 表示第 k符号;
合成单元, 用于将修正后的 IQ信号合成为复信号。
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括:
判决结果接收模块, 用于当对所述复信号进行判决输出后, 接收所述进行判决输出后的 判决结果。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括:
权重系数修正模块, 用于在所述判决结果接收模块接收所述进行判决输出后的判决结果 之后, 根据所述复信号和所述判决结果使用第二公式对所述权重系数进行修正, 所述第二公 式具体为-
Figure imgf000020_0001
其中, G^ + l)为对第 k+1符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce + 1)为对第 k+1 符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, 为对第 k符号的 I信号进行修正时的权重系数, Ce( )为对第 k符号的 Q信号进行修正时的权重系数, 为所述判决后输出的由第 k符号 I信号和 Q信号组成的复信号, 为判决前输出的由第 k符号 I信号和 Q信号组成的复信 号, 为进行失真补偿前的 I信号, 为进行失真补偿前的 Q信号, 表示系数更新 的步长, *表示取共轭操作。
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