WO2013060741A1 - Preparation de polymeres sequences amphiphiles par polymerisation radicalaire micellaire a caractere controle - Google Patents
Preparation de polymeres sequences amphiphiles par polymerisation radicalaire micellaire a caractere controle Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013060741A1 WO2013060741A1 PCT/EP2012/071079 EP2012071079W WO2013060741A1 WO 2013060741 A1 WO2013060741 A1 WO 2013060741A1 EP 2012071079 W EP2012071079 W EP 2012071079W WO 2013060741 A1 WO2013060741 A1 WO 2013060741A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/588—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/03—Use of a di- or tri-thiocarbonylthio compound, e.g. di- or tri-thioester, di- or tri-thiocarbamate, or a xanthate as chain transfer agent, e.g . Reversible Addition Fragmentation chain Transfer [RAFT] or Macromolecular Design via Interchange of Xanthates [MADIX]
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type
- C08F297/026—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type polymerising acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or derivatives thereof
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
- C09K8/882—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a particular polymerization process, which provides access to amphiphilic block polymers which have a specific controlled structure, that is, schematically based on a backbone formed of hydrophilic (water-soluble or hydrodispersible) units interrupted by different locations by small hydrophobic sequences, these hydrophobic sequences ("hydrophobic blocks") being all of substantially identical size and present substantially the same number and proportion on all polymer chains.
- the invention also relates to the amphiphilic polymers with controlled structure obtained according to this method, whose average molar mass can be finely controlled by means of the method of preparation of the invention, and which can be used in particular as associative thickeners, surfactants or surface modifiers.
- micellar polymerization To obtain water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers including hydrophobic sequences, a method currently known is that known as "micellar radical polymerization". Examples of micellar polymerization have in particular been described in US 4,432,881 or else in Polymer, vol. 36, No. 16, pp. 3197-321 1 (1996), to which reference may be made for more details.
- multiblock block polymers are synthesized by copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers and hydrophobic monomers within an aqueous dispersing medium (typically water or a water / alcohol mixture) which comprises:
- hydrophilic monomers in the solubilized or dispersed state in said medium
- the hydrophobic monomers present within micelles of surfactants employed in micellar polymerization may be monomers which, in themselves, have the property of forming micelles without the need to add additional surfactants (so-called “auto-monomers”). -micellisables "in the suite of the description).
- the surfactant employed can be the self-micellizable hydrophobic monomer itself, employed without any other surfactant, although the presence of such an additional surfactant is not excluded.
- hydrophobic monomers within surfactant micelles this concept also encompasses (i) hydrophobic monomers present in surfactant micelles other than these monomers (ii) ) monomers comprising at least one part or a hydrophobic block and forming by themselves the micelles in an aqueous medium.
- the two modes (i) and (ii) above are compatible and can coexist (hydrophobic monomers in micelles formed by another self-micellizable monomer for example, or else micelles comprising a combination of surfactants and self-micellizable monomers) .
- micellar solution In micellar polymerization, the hydrophobic monomers contained in the micelles are called "micellar solution".
- the micellar solution to which reference is made is a micro-heterogeneous system which is generally isotropic, optically transparent and thermodynamically stable.
- micellar solution of the type used in micellar polymerization is to be distinguished from a microemulsion.
- a micellar solution is formed at any concentration exceeding the critical micellar concentration of the surfactant employed, with the only condition that the hydrophobic monomer is soluble at least to a certain extent within the internal space of the micelles. .
- a micellar solution also differs from an emulsion due to the absence of an internal homogeneous phase: the micelles contain a very small number of molecules (less than 1000 typically, in general less than 500 and typically from 1 to 100, with the more often 1 to 50 monomers and at most a few hundred surfactant molecules when a surfactant is present) and the micellar solution generally has physical properties similar to those of surfactant micelles without monomers. Moreover, most often, a micellar solution is transparent vis-à-vis visible light, given the small size of the micelles that does not lead to refraction phenomena, unlike the drops of an emulsion, which refract the light and confers on it its hazy or characteristic white appearance.
- micellar polymerization technique results in characteristic block polymers that each contain several hydrophobic blocks of substantially the same size and where this size can be controlled. Indeed, given the confinement of the hydrophobic monomers within the micelles, each of the hydrophobic blocks formed and controlled size and substantially contains a number n of H defined hydrophobic monomers, the number n H can be calculated as follows (Macromolecular Chem Physics, 202, 8, 1384-1397. 2001):
- N agg is the aggregation number (aggregation number) of the surfactant, which reflects the number of surfactants present in each micelle
- [M H ] is the molar concentration of hydrophobic monomer in the medium
- surfactant is the molar concentration of surfactant in the medium
- cmc is the critical micellar (molar) concentration
- micellar polymerization technique thus allows interesting control of the hydrophobic units introduced into the polymers formed, namely:
- the multiblock polymers obtained by micellar polymerization also have an associative nature, making them, in absolute terms, good candidates for applications as viscosifying agents.
- micellar polymerization leads to highly inhomogeneous size polymer chains. Indeed, if they allow a fine control of the size of the hydrophobic blocks, the current micellar polymerization techniques lead to a more erratic polymerization of the hydrophilic monomeric units. Thus, the micellar polymerization processes currently known lead to polymer chains often having a high heterogeneity in terms of composition, with, in general, a highly polydispersed molecular weight distribution, without any possible definition of the average molecular weight Mn obtained. This inhomogeneity is particularly highlighted in the aforementioned article Polymer, vol. 36, No. 16, pp. 3197-321 1 (1996).
- microstructure of the polymers obtained namely the distribution of the hydrophobic blocks within the different chains
- the microstructure of the polymers obtained is not controlled, which is due, in particular to the very short life time of the propagating chains with respect to time. overall polymerization, combined with the differences in reactivity of the active centers propagating against hydrophilic monomers and hydrophobic monomers (and their differences in concentrations).
- micellar polymerization in the most general case, makes it possible to integrate hydrophobic sequences of controlled size into hydrophilic chains, which makes it possible to synthesize self-associative polymers, but without control. the overall size of the synthesized polymers, nor the microstructure of these polymers, which does not allow to finely control the properties of these self-associative polymers.
- the lack of control of the microstructure does not allow modulating and controlling sufficiently fine properties of the polymers synthesized in micellar polymerization. It also prohibits access to copolymers with controlled architecture.
- micellar polymerization processes are generally limited to highly diluted systems to allow the addition and mixing of reagents.
- the molecular weights obtained in micellar radical polymerization are generally of the order of 500,000 to 5,000,000 g / mol, for example from 500,000 to 3,000,000.
- An object of the present invention is to provide block polymers comprising hydrophobic blocks of controlled size, of the type obtained in conventional micellar polymerization, but improving the control of the average molecular mass of the synthesized chains and also allowing control of the microstructure of the polymers, namely a homogeneity, from one polymer chain to another, of the distribution of hydrophobic sequences within the hydrophilic backbone.
- the subject of the present invention is a process for the preparation of a block copolymer, which comprises a micellar radical polymerization step (E) in which an aqueous medium is placed in contact with one another.
- E micellar radical polymerization step
- M micellar radical polymerization step
- hydrophilic monomers solubilized or dispersed in said aqueous medium (M); hydrophobic monomers in the form of a micellar solution, namely containing, in the dispersed state within the medium (M), micelles comprising these hydrophobic monomers (this dispersed state can in particular be obtained by means of at least one surfactant); at least one radical polymerization initiator, this initiator being typically water-soluble or water-dispersible; and
- At least one radical polymerization control agent at least one radical polymerization control agent.
- the aqueous medium (M) used in step (E) is a medium comprising water, preferably at least 50% by weight, or even at least 80%, for example at least 90%, or even at least 95%.
- This aqueous medium may optionally comprise other solvents than water, for example a water-miscible alcohol.
- the medium (M) may be, for example, a hydroalcoholic mixture.
- the medium (M) may comprise other solvents, preferably at a concentration where said solvent is miscible with water, which may in particular make it possible to reduce the amount of stabilizing surfactants employed.
- the medium (M) may comprise pentanol, or any other additive for modulating the aggregation number of the surfactants.
- the medium (M) is a continuous phase of water and consisting of one or more solvents and / or additives that are miscible with each other and in water at the concentrations in which they are used.
- radiation polymerization control agent is meant, in the sense of the present description, a compound capable of extending the life of the growing polymer chains in a polymerization reaction and to confer on the polymerization a living or controlled character .
- This control agent is typically a reversible transfer agent as implemented in the controlled radical polymerizations designated under the terminology RAFT or MADIX, which typically implement a method of transfer reversible addition-fragmentation, such as those described for example in WO96 / 30421, WO 98/01478, WO 99/35178, WO 98/58974, WO 00/75207, WO 01/42312, WO 99/35177, WO 99/31144, FR2794464 or WO 02/26836.
- other types of control agent may be considered (eg of the type used in CRP or ATRP).
- control agent employed in step (E) may be a polymer chain resulting from a controlled radical polymerization and carrying a group capable of controlling a radical polymerization (so-called "living" polymer chain ", Of a type well known in itself).
- micellar radical polymerization conducted in the presence of a radical polymerization control agent of the aforementioned type leads, in addition to the advantages generally observed in micellar polymerization (ie the control of the mole fraction of hydrophobic units in the polymers, and (ii) a control of the number of hydrophobic units in each hydrophobic block), to:
- control agent used is a soluble or dispersible compound in the aqueous medium (M) used in step (E), and / or when this control agent is not adapted to penetrate in the micelles of the micellar solution.
- This effect can also be observed in the case where the control agent is not soluble / dispersible in the medium (M) or when the control agent is able to penetrate the micelles.
- This polymer capable of acting both as a control agent for the polymerization and as a monomer in step (E), is also referred to as "prepolymer" in the following description.
- the control agent used in step (E) may advantageously be a prepolymer carrying a thiocarbonylthio-S group.
- step (E °) prior to step (E) schematically allows to hydrophilize a large number of control agents carrying thiocarbonylthio functions (for example xanthate, which are rather hydrophobic by nature), converting soluble or dispersible pre-polymers in the medium (M) of step (E).
- a pre-polymer synthesized in step (E °) has a short polymer chain, for example comprising a sequence of less than 50, or less than 25 monomer units, for example between 2 and 15.
- step (E) make it possible to combine the advantages of both controlled radical polymerization and micellar polymerization.
- the inventors have in particular now demonstrated that the presence of micelles in the polymerization medium does not affect the action of the control agents, which make it possible to carry out a controlled polymerization of the monomers present in the aqueous medium.
- a controlled radical polymerization carried out in a homogeneous medium which makes it possible to predict and control very easily the average molecular weight of the polymer synthesized (this mass is even higher than the initial concentration of control agent in the medium is low, this concentration dictates the number of growing polymer chains).
- step (E) of the process of the invention also makes it possible, in a totally surprising manner, to access to polymers of both high and controlled size, which is particularly surprising in view of the maximum sizes that are known today by employing controlled radical polymerization methods or micellar radical polymerization in 1 absence of screening officers.
- step (E) Under the conditions of step (E), it proves possible to control the average molar mass by number of polymers to very high values; thus, according to a particular embodiment, the polymers synthesized according to the process of the invention may have a molecular weight greater than 300 000 g / mol.
- step (E) can typically lead to the synthesis of a block polymer having a molecular weight Mn greater than 400 000 g / mol.
- the initial concentration of control agent in the medium is chosen such that the synthesized hydrophilic polymer block average molecular weight has a number-average molecular weight Mn greater than or equal to 500 000 g / mol, for example between 500 000 and 1 000 000 g / mol, sizes up to 2 000 000 can be reached.
- the process of the invention also makes it possible to produce polymers of smaller masses.
- the synthesized polymer is a polymer with a mass of between 1000 and 100,000 g / mol, preferably between 2,000 and 25,000 g / mol.
- such low-weight polymers may be employed in concentration lower than their critical recovery concentration. Because of their small sizes, such polymers can diffuse at the interfaces and participate in modifying the properties of these interfaces or surfaces.
- these polymers also have a very controlled microstructure, with essentially all the similar chains, comprising hydrophobic blocks distributed in substantially the same way from a polymer chain to a polymer. other.
- This homogeneity of the distribution of the hydrophobic blocks from one chain to another makes it possible to obtain a population of polymer all having similar properties, which makes it possible to provide compositions having perfectly targeted and reproducible properties, which constitute an advantage for certain applications of polymers, for example when seeking to use them for to obtain a viscosity effect dosed precisely.
- the polymers obtained according to the invention are distinguished in this respect from the polymers generally obtained in micellar polymerization, which most often have a very broad and very heterogeneous distribution of the distribution of the hydrophobic blocks within the different chains.
- the implementation of step (E) provides access to particularly original and interesting polymers.
- These polymers constitute, according to a second aspect, another object of the present invention.
- these polymers most often have a linear structure, with hydrophobic blocks localized according to a monotonic gradient, namely, of constantly decreasing concentration or constantly increasing from the beginning to the end of the polymer chain in formation, which is explained in particular by the fact that the hydrophobic monomers present in micellar solution are depleted over time.
- the polymers obtained according to the present invention can be used in many fields. They may very particularly be used as surfactants and / or rheological properties modifiers, especially as viscosifying or thickening agents, in particular in aqueous media.
- the subject of the invention is also this particular use of the specific polymers obtained according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to methods for modifying aqueous media employing these polymers as a rheology modifying agent.
- the invention also relates to aqueous compositions comprising the polymers according to the invention, which can in particular be used for the exploitation of oil and / or gas deposits.
- the invention also relates to methods using aqueous compositions of this type for the exploitation of oil and / or gas deposits, including methods employing a circulation or placement of such a composition within a well. .
- the specific polymers obtained according to the invention can also be used to carry out surface functionalizations (hydrophilization or hydrophobization depending on the nature of the surface, taking into account the amphiphilic nature of the polymers), stabilization of oil / water type interfaces, or water /gas.
- surface functionalizations hydrophilization or hydrophobization depending on the nature of the surface, taking into account the amphiphilic nature of the polymers
- stabilization of oil / water type interfaces or water /gas.
- control agent may carry several thiocarbonylthio groups. It may possibly be a polymer chain bearing such a group.
- control agent can for example respond to formula (A) below:
- a polymer chain preferably hydrophilic or hydrodispersible when the agent is implemented in step (E).
- the groups or Z when substituted, may be substituted with optionally substituted phenyl groups, optionally substituted aromatic groups, saturated or unsaturated carbon rings, saturated or unsaturated heterocycles, or alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl groups (- COOR), carboxy (-COOH), acyloxy (-O2CR), carbamoyl (-CONR2), cyano (-CN), alkylcarbonyl, alkylarylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, phthalimido, maleimido, succinimido, amidino, guanidimo, hydroxy (-OH) , amino (-NR2), halogen, perfluoroalkyl C n F 2n + 1, allyl, epoxy, alkoxy (-OR), S-alkyl, S-aryl, groups having a hydrophilic or ionic character such as the alkaline salts of carboxylic acids, alkali metal salts of s
- the group R 1 is hydrophilic in nature.
- it is a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer chain.
- the group R1 may alternatively be amphiphilic, namely present both a hydrophilic and lipophilic character. It is preferable that R1 is not hydrophobic.
- R 1 can typically be a substituted or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group.
- a control agent of formula (A) used in step (E °) may nevertheless comprise other types of R-i groups, in particular a ring or a polymer chain
- the optionally substituted alkyl, acyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkyne groups generally have 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 12, and more preferably 1 to 9 carbon atoms. They can be linear or branched. They may also be substituted by oxygen atoms, especially in the form of esters, sulfur or nitrogen atoms.
- alkyl radicals mention may especially be made of the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl or dodecyl radical.
- the alkyne groups are radicals generally of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, they have at least one acetylenic unsaturation, such as the acetylenyl radical.
- the acyl group is a radical generally having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms with a carbonyl group.
- aryl radicals there may be mentioned the phenyl radical, optionally substituted in particular by a nitro or hydroxyl function.
- aralkyl radicals mention may especially be made of the benzyl or phenethyl radical, optionally substituted in particular by a nitro or hydroxyl function.
- this polymer chain may be derived from a radical or ionic polymerization or from a polycondensation.
- step (E °) it is particularly advantageous to use as control agents in this step a compound selected from xanthates, trithiocarbonates, dithiocarbamates, or dithiocarbazates.
- step (E °) using the aforementioned control agents are particularly interesting for the conduct of step (E).
- Hydrophilic monomers The process of the invention can be used with a very large number of hydrophilic ions.
- the monomers may comprise monomers selected from ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and phosphonic acids, and / or derivatives thereof such as acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, ⁇ -chloroacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconic acid, aconitic acid, acid fumaric monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monoesters having 1 to 3, preferably 1 to 2, carbon atoms, for example, monomethyl maleate, vinylsulfonic acid, (meth) allylsulfonic acid, acrylate sulfoethyl, sulfoethyl methacrylate, sulfopropyl acrylate, sulfopropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-acryloyloxypropylsulf
- these monomers may in particular comprise acrylic acid (AA).
- AA acrylic acid
- the monomers are all acrylic acids, but it is also conceivable to use as monomers a mixture comprising, inter alia, acrylic acid, mixed with other hydrophilic monomers.
- the hydrophilic monomers of step (E) comprise (meth) acrylic acid and / or (meth) acrylamido monomers.
- (meth) acrylic acid includes methacrylic acid, acrylic acid and mixtures thereof.
- (meth) acrylate includes methacrylate, acrylate and mixtures thereof.
- (meth) acrylamide / (meth) acylamido includes methacrylamide / methacrylamido, acrylamide / racrylamido and mixtures thereof.
- Monomers containing acid groups may be used for the polymerization in the form of the free acid or in the partially or completely neutralized form.
- the neutralization it is possible to use, for example, KOH, NaOH, ammonia or other base.
- the monomers employed in the process of the invention are in particular acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and / or their salts, and / or their mixtures.
- the monomers used in step (E) comprise (and typically consist of) (meth) acrylamide monomers, or more generally (meth) acrylamido monomers, including:
- acrylamido monomers namely, acrylamide, its sulfonate derivative (AMPS), quaternary ammonium (APTAC) and sulfopropyl dimethylammonium propyl acrylamide; methacrylamido monomers, such as, sulfopropyl dimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide (SPP), sulfohydroxypropyl dimethyl ammonium propyl methacrylamido.
- the monomers of step (E) are acrylamides.
- An acrylamide employed in step (E) is preferably a non-copper stabilized acrylamide.
- a copper complexing agent such as EDTA, where appropriate, preferably at a level of 20 to 2000 ppm.
- acrylamides in step (E) can typically be employed in the form of a powder, an aqueous solution (optionally, but not necessarily, stabilized with MEHQ hydroquinone monomethyl ether, or by copper salts (preferably with EDTA if appropriate)).
- step (E) the monomers of step (E) can be used at relatively high concentrations, typically at concentrations which would be sufficient to ensure the formation of the gel if step (E) was carried out. the absence of a screening officer.
- the inventors have now demonstrated that, surprisingly, the polymerization of step (E) may, if necessary, be carried out under conditions which correspond to that of the gel polymerization, and this without necessarily leading to gelation of the gel. reaction medium during the polymerization, because of the presence of the control agent. Whether gelation of the medium is observed or not, step (E) allows polymerization of the controlled type, unlike a polymerization conducted without additional control agent.
- the initial concentration of monomers in the reaction medium of step (E) may be up to 40% by weight, or even up to 50% by weight, this concentration generally remaining below 30% by mass relative to to the total mass of the reaction medium.
- the initial concentration of monomers in the reaction medium of step (E) is between 0.5% and 35%, especially between 1 and 20% by weight relative to the total mass of the reaction medium.
- the hydrophilic monomers employed in step (E) are thermosensitive macromonomers, insoluble in water beyond a certain temperature (cloud point), but soluble at lower temperature, the step (E) being conducted at a temperature below the cloud point temperature.
- Macromonomers of this type exhibit typically a polymerizable function of acrylamido type, and a side chain composed of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide (random or block) chains, or based on N-isopropylacrylamide, or N-vinylcaprolactam. This embodiment gives particular access to the preparation of polymers having thermo-thickening properties, used for example in the oil industry.
- step (E) all the hydrophilic monomers are dissolved and / or dispersed within the aqueous medium (M).
- step (E) These monomers, implemented in step (E) in the form of a micellar solution, namely containing, in the dispersed state in the medium (M), micelles comprising these hydrophobic monomers. Provided that they can be integrated into micelles of this type, any monomer of hydrophobic nature can be envisaged in step (E).
- hydrophobic monomer that can be used according to the invention, mention may be made in particular of:
- each of R b and R c represents, independently:
- alkyl group preferably chlorinated and / or fluorinated, more preferably perchlorinated or perfluorinated; ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated mono-, dicarboxylic acid esters with C 2 -C 30 alkanols, for example methyl ethacrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl ethacrylate, meth) n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, sec-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, ethacrylate tert-butyl, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, n-heptyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl (meth) acrylate ⁇
- esters of vinyl or allyl alcohol with C1-C30 monocarboxylic acids for example, vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl propionate vinyl versatate and mixtures thereof;
- ethylenically unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile and mixtures thereof;
- ⁇ , ⁇ ethylenically unsaturated mono- and di-carboxylic acid esters with C3-C30 alkanediols for example, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate , 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl acrylate, 6-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, hydroxyhexyl, 3-hydroxy-2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 3-hydroxy-2-ethylhexyl methacrylate;
- N-vinyllactams and its derivatives such as, N-vinyl-5-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-6-methyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-6-ethyl-2-piperidone, N-vinyl-7-methyl-2-caprolactam and N-vinyl-7-ethyl-2-caprolactam;
- esters of ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids with amino alcohols for example N, N-dimethylaminocyclohexyl (meth) acrylate;
- amides of ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids with diamines comprising at least one primary or secondary amino group for example N- [4- (dimethylamino) butyl] acrylamide, N- [4- (dimethylamino) butyl] methacrylamide, N- [2- (diethylamino) ethyl] acrylamide, N- [4- (dimethylamino) cyclohexyl] acrylamide, N- [4- (dimethylamino) cyclohexyl] methacrylamide; and
- C2-C8 monoolefins and nonaromatic hydrocarbons comprising at least two conjugated double bonds, for example, ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, isoprene, butadiene.
- hydrophobic monomers employed according to the invention can be chosen from:
- unsaturated alpha-beta esters of C1-C30 alkyl preferably of C4-C22 alkyl, in particular acrylates and alkyl methacrylate, such as acrylates and methyl methacrylate, ethyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl; isoactyl, lauryl, isodecyl or stearyl (lauryl methacrylate in particular is particularly interesting);
- alpha olefins and conjugated dienes alpha olefins and conjugated dienes
- the micelles of the micellar solution of step (E) do not contain hydrophilic or water-dispersible monomers. Furthermore, preferably, all the hydrophobic monomers employed in step (E) are enclosed in micelles of the micellar solution. Priming and Conducting Radical Polymerizations of Steps (E) and (E °)
- the initiator of the radical polymerization is preferably water-soluble or water-dispersible. Apart from this preferential condition, it is possible to use, in step (E) and step (E °) of the process of the invention, any radical polymerization initiator (source of free radicals) known per se and adapted to the conditions chosen for these conditions. steps.
- radical polymerization initiator (initiator) employed according to the invention may for example be chosen from the initiators conventionally used in radical polymerization. It can be for example one of the following initiators:
- hydrogen peroxides such as tertiary butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroxyacetate, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, t-butylperoxyoctoate, t-butylperoxynethodecanoate and t-butylperoxyisobutarate; , lauroyl peroxide, t-amylperoxypivalte, t-butylperoxypivalate, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate,
- azo compounds such as: 2-2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2-butanenitrile), 4,4'-azobis (4-pentanoic acid), 1,1 ' azobis (cyclohexane carbonitrile), 2- (t-butylazo) -2-cyanopropane, 2,2'-azobis [2-methyl-N- (1,1) -bis (hydroxymethyl) -2-hydroxyethyl] propionamide, 2, 2'-azobis (2-methyl-N-hydroxyethyl) -propionamide, 2,2'-azobis (N, N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dichloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dichloride, 2,2'-azobis ( ⁇ , ⁇ '-dimethyleneisobutyramide), 2,2'-azobis (2-methyl-N- [1,1-bis]
- alkali metal bisulfite such as sodium metabisulphite
- alkali metal persulfates in combination with an arylphosphinic acid, such as benzene phosphonic acid and the like, and reducing sugars.
- an arylphosphinic acid such as benzene phosphonic acid and the like
- the amount of initiator to be used is preferably determined so that the amount of radicals generated is at most 50 mol%, preferably at most 20 mol%, based on the amount of the initiator. control or transfer agent.
- step (E) it is generally advantageous to use a radical initiator of the redox type, which has, among others, the advantage of not requiring heating of the reaction medium (no thermal initiation and which the inventors have furthermore now discovered to be suitable for the micellar polymerization of step (E).
- the radical polymerization initiator employed in step (E) may typically be a redox initiator, typically not requiring heating for its thermal initiation. It is typically a mixture of at least one oxidizing agent with at least one reducing agent.
- the oxidizing agent present in this redox system is preferably a water-soluble agent.
- This oxidizing agent may for example be chosen from peroxides, such as that: hydrogen peroxide, tertiary butyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroxyacetate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, t-butylperoxyoctoate, t-butylperoxynodeodecanoate, t-butylperoxyisobutarate lauroyl peroxide, t-amylperoxypivalte, t-butylperoxypivalate, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide; sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, or even potassium bromate.
- the reducing agent present in the redox system is also preferably a water-soluble agent.
- This reducing agent can typically be selected from sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (especially in its dihydrate form, known as Rongalit or in the form of an anhydride), ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, sulphites, bisulphites or metasulfites (in particular sulphites, bisulphites or metasulfites of alkali metals), nitrilotrispropionamides, and tertiary amines and ethanolamines (preferably water-soluble).
- Possible redox systems include combinations such as:
- alkali metal bisulfite such as sodium metabisulphite
- alkali metal persulfates in combination with an arylphosphinic acid, such as benzene phosphonic acid and the like, and reducing sugars.
- An interesting redox system includes (and preferably consists of) the combination of ammonium persulfate and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate.
- the reaction medium of step (E) is free of copper.
- a copper complexing agent such as EDTA
- the radical polymerization of step (E °) may be carried out in any appropriate physical form, for example in solution in water or in a solvent for example an alcohol or THF , in emulsion in water (so-called "latex" process), by mass, if necessary by controlling the temperature and / or the pH in order to make liquid species and / or soluble or insoluble.
- step (E) After implementation of step (E), taking into account the specific implementation of a control agent, polymers are obtained functionalized by transfer groups (living polymers). This living character allows, if desired, to use these polymers in a subsequent polymerization reaction, according to a technique well known per se. Alternatively, if necessary, it is possible to deactivate or destroy the transfer groups, for example by hydrolysis, ozonolysis, or reaction with amines, according to means known per se.
- the process of the invention may comprise, after step (E), a step (E1) of hydrolysis, ozonolysis or reaction with amines, suitable for deactivating and / or or destroying all or part of the transfer groups present on the polymer prepared in step (E).
- any suitable surfactant may be employed, without limitation, the surfactants chosen from the following list may for example be used:
- the anionic surfactants can be chosen from:
- alkyl ester sulfonates for example of formula R-CH (SO 3 M) -CH 2 COOR ', or alkyl ester sulfates, for example of formula R-CH (OSO 3 M) -CH 2 COOR', where R represents a C 8 alkyl radical; -C 2 o, preferably C 1 -C 6 , R 'a C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, preferably C 1 -C 3 alkyl and M an alkaline earth metal cation, for example sodium, or the ammonium cation.
- methyl ester sulphonates whose radical R is C 14 -C 16 ; alkylbenzenesulfonates, more particularly C 9 -C 2 o, primary or secondary alkylsulfonates, especially C 8 -C 2 2, alkylglycerol sulfonates; alkyl sulphates, for example of formula ROSO 3 M, where R represents a C 10 -C 24, preferably C 12 -C 20, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical; M a cation of the same definition as above;
- alkylamidesulfates for example of formula RCONHR'OSO 3 M where R represents a C 2 -C 2 2 alkyl radical, preferably C 6 -C 2 o, R 'a C 2 -C 3 alkyl radical, M representing a cation of the same definition as above, and their polyalkoxylated derivatives (ethoxylated and / or propoxylated) (alkylamidoether sulfates;
- saturated or unsaturated fatty acid salts for example those such as C 8 -C 2 4, preferably C 14 -C 20 and an alkaline earth metal cation, N-acyl N-alkyltaurates, alkylisethionates, alkylsuccinamates and alkylsulfo succinates, alkyl glutamates, monoesters or diesters of sulfosuccinates, N-acyl sarcosinates, polyethoxycarboxylates;
- the nonionic surfactants may be chosen from:
- alkoxylated fatty alcohols for example, laureth-2, laureth-4, laureth-7, oleth-20, alkoxylated triglycerides, alkoxylated fatty acids, alkoxylated sorbitan esters, alkoxylated fatty amines, alkoxylated di (1-phenylethyl) phenols, alkoxylated tri (1-phenylethyl) phenols, alkoxylated alkyl phenols, products resulting from the condensation of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic compound resulting from the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol, such as Pluronic marketed by BASF; the products resulting from the condensation of ethylene oxide the compound resulting from the condensation of propylene oxide with ethylenediamine, such as Tetronic marketed by BASF; alkylpolyglycosides such as those described in US 4565647 or alkylglucosides; fatty acid amides, for example C8-
- amphoteric surfactants (true amphoteric comprising an ionic group and a potentially ionic group of opposite charge, or zwitterionic simultaneously comprising two opposite charges) may be:
- betaines generally, especially carboxybetaines from, for example, lauryl betaine (Mirataine BB from Rhodia) or octylbetaine or cocobetaine (Mirataine BB-FLA from Rhodia); amidoalkyl betaines, such as cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) (Mirataine BDJ from Rhodia or Mirataine BET C-30 from Rhodia);
- CAPB cocamidopropyl betaine
- sulfo-betaines or sultaines such as cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine (Mirataine CBS from Rhodia);
- alkylamphoacetates and alkylamphodiacetates such as for example comprising a coconut chain, lauryl (Miranol C2M Conc NP, C32, L32 in particular, from Rhodia);
- alkylamphopropionates or alkylamphodipropionates (Miranol C2M SF); alkyl amphohydroxypropyl sultaines (Miranol CS),
- alkyl amine oxide for example lauramine oxide (INCI);
- the cationic surfactants may be the salts of primary, secondary or tertiary fatty amines, optionally polyethoxylated, quaternary ammonium salts such as chlorides or bromides of tetraalkylammonium, alkylamidoalkylammonium, trialkylbenzylammonium,
- trialkylhydroxyalkylammonium, or alkylpyridinium, imidazoline derivatives, amine oxides of cationic character is cetrimonium chloride or bromide (INCI);
- the surfactants employed according to the present invention may be block copolymers containing at least one hydrophilic block and at least one hydrophobic block distinct from the hydrophilic block, advantageously obtained according to a polymerization process in which:
- step (ai) the polymer obtained at the end of step (a 0 ) is brought into contact with at least one hydrophobic monomer (respectively hydrophilic) distinct from the monomer employed in step (a 0 ) and at least one source of free radicals; whereby a diblock copolymer is obtained.
- Polymers of the triblock type, or more comprising blocks may optionally be obtained by implementing, after step (a-1), a step (a 2 ) in which the polymer obtained at the end is contacted. of step (a1) with at least one monomer separate from the monomer employed in step (a- ⁇ ) and at least one source of free radicals; and more generally, by implementing (n + 1) steps of the type of the above steps (a 1 and (a 2 ) and n is an integer ranging typically from 1 to 3, where in each step (a n ), with n ⁇ 1: the polymer obtained at the end of step (a n-1 ) is brought into contact with at least one monomer distinct from the monomer employed in step (a n-1 ) and at least one source of According to the invention, it is possible, for example, to use copolymers of the type described in WO03068827, WO03068848 and WO2005 / 021612.
- the polymers obtained at the end of step (E) and of the optional step (E1) described in the preceding paragraph are, inter alia, useful for the regulation of the rheology of liquid media, especially aqueous media. They can also be used as associative thickeners, as viscosifying agents, gelling agents, surface modifiers, or for the constitution of nanohybrid materials. They can also be used as a vectoring agent.
- a polymer according to the invention can in particular be used to thicken or adapt the rheology of a very large number of compositions, for example compositions intended to convey cosmetic, pharmaceutical, veterinary, phytosanitary or even detergent principles, for example.
- a polymer according to the invention may for example be used to modify the rheology of a cosmetic composition, a household product, a detergent composition, or a formulation intended for the field of agriculture.
- the polymers as obtained according to the invention are of interest as a rheology control agent in the field of oil and natural gas extraction. They can in particular be used for the constitution of drilling fluids, for fracturing, for stimulation and for enhanced oil recovery.
- the polymers as obtained according to the process of the invention generally have a rapid hydration capacity as well as good properties of injectivity and shear stability, especially in view of the controlled nature of the polymerization, which leads to homogeneous polymer batches in composition and structure, with lower polydispersity indices than compared to "uncontrolled” systems ".
- the nature of the synthesizable polymers according to the present invention is extremely flexible, which allows a very important choice both on the backbone and on the presence of substituents, which can be judiciously chosen according to the applications envisaged for the polymer.
- the constituent monomers of the polymer give it a high temperature resistance.
- the polymers intended for an application in EOR can for example be of the type obtained from monomers chosen from acrylamido, methacrylamido, vinyl or allylic monomers. It is generally not advantageous to use acrylates or methacylates because of their sensitivity to hydrolysis.
- squellette to improve the thermal stability of squellette, it is possible to use monomers such as N-methylolacrylamide, dimethylacylamide, N-morpholine acrylamide, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl amide, acrylamido derivatives such as AMPS or APTAC, sodium sytrene sulphonate and its derivatives, or even sodium vinyl sulphonate.
- monomers such as N-methylolacrylamide, dimethylacylamide, N-morpholine acrylamide, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl amide, acrylamido derivatives such as AMPS or APTAC, sodium sytrene sulphonate and its derivatives, or even sodium vinyl sulphonate.
- the polymers have functionalities that ensure salt resistance and counteract the effects of loss of viscosity, often encountered in EOR in the absence of such features on the polymer.
- Salt-stable polymers according to the invention can be synthesized using one or more of the following methods:
- additional monomers of sodium -3-acrylamido-3-methyl butanoate type for example according to the technique described in US 4,584,358; the use of additional monomers of sulfonic acid or sulphonate type, such as AMPS (acrylamido-methylpropanesulphonic acid), and its salts (especially sodium salts), or styrene sulphonate and its salts;
- AMPS acrylamido-methylpropanesulphonic acid
- salts especially sodium salts
- styrene sulphonate and its salts especially sodium salts
- the polymers prepared may be of the polyampholyte type with a hydrophilic backbone comprising a mixture of (i) monomeric units exhibiting at least one negative charge (for example sulphonates of the aforementioned type); and (ii) monomeric units having at least one positive charge (e.g. APTAC, MAPTAC, DiQuat (methacryloamidopropyl-pentamethyl-1,3-propylene-2-ol-ammonium dichloride), DADMAC (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) N-vinylforamide (cationizable amine precursor after hydrolysis), or vinyl pyridine or one of its quaternized derivatives);
- APTAC e.g. APTAC, MAPTAC, DiQuat (methacryloamidopropyl-pentamethyl-1,3-propylene-2-ol-ammonium dichloride), DADMAC (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) N-vinylforamide (cation
- sulphobetaines type such as, for example, sulphopropyl dimethylammonium propyl acrylamide, sulphopropyl dimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide (SPP), sulphohydroxypropyl dimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide (SHPP), 2-vinyl (3-sulphopropyl) pyridinium betaine, 4-vinyl (3-sulfopropyl) pyridinium betaine, 1-vinyl-3- (3-sulfopropyl) imidazolium betaine, or else sulfopropyl methyl diallyl ammonium betaine.
- SPP sulphopropyl dimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide
- SHPP sulphohydroxypropyl dimethylammonium propyl methacrylamide
- 2-vinyl (3-sulphopropyl) pyridinium betaine 4-vinyl (3-sulfopropyl) pyri
- a solution B which is a micellar solution of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS);
- a solution C which is a micellar solution of lauryl acrylate (LA) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS);
- a solution D which is a micellar solution of lauryl methacrylamide (LMAM) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS); or a solution E which is a micellar solution of LMAM and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS),
- LMAM lauryl methacrylamide
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulphate
- the mixture was degassed by bubbling nitrogen for 30 minutes.
- the flask was then placed in an oil bath thermostated at 60 ° C, and then the polymerization reaction was allowed to proceed with stirring for 3 hours at 60 ° C.
- the solvent was evaporated in vacuo (rotavapor, 15 mbar, 50 ° C) and dried for 120 minutes at 50 ° C (dry extract measured near this drying: 37%: 115 ° C, 60 min).
- micellar solution is obtained.
- micellar solution is obtained.
- micellar solution is obtained.
- micellar solution is obtained.
- the number-average molecular weight of the synthesized polymers was compared, by way of indication, with the theoretical number-average molecular weight (Mnth), which would be obtained in the context of a perfectly controlled polymerization. which makes it possible to validate the particularly controlled nature of the polymerization carried out according to the invention, radically opposite to the results usually obtained when the conditions of a gel polymerization are used.
- Mnth number-average molecular weight
- n (th eo ) Average mass in theoretical number
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.).
- the sample was very difficult to filter even at the 10 mg concentration in 10 mL.
- the value is an average of 2 injections and is therefore only an order of magnitude of the eluted fraction.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- a 100 ml flask was introduced at room temperature, 2 g of gel and 8 g of distilled water.
- the solution was adjusted to pH 10 by the addition of 50% by weight solution of NaOH.
- the flask was then heated at 65 ° C for 5 days.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- a 100 ml flask was introduced at room temperature, 2 g of gel and 8 g of distilled water.
- the solution was adjusted to pH 10 by the addition of a 50% by weight solution of NaOH.
- the flask was then heated at 65 ° C for 5 days.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- a 100 ml flask was introduced at room temperature, 2 g of gel and 8 g of distilled water.
- the solution was adjusted to pH 10 by the addition of a 50% by weight solution of NaOH.
- the flask was then heated at 65 ° C for 5 days.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- a 100 ml flask was introduced at room temperature, 2 g of gel and 8 g of distilled water.
- the solution was adjusted to pH 10 by the addition of a 50% by weight solution of NaOH.
- the flask was then heated at 65 ° C for 5 days.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- a 100 ml flask was introduced at room temperature, 2 g of gel and 8 g of distilled water.
- the solution was adjusted to pH 10 by the addition of a 50% by weight solution of NaOH.
- the flask was then heated at 65 ° C for 5 days.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- 25.0 g of gel and 27.4 g of distilled water were introduced at ambient temperature. 9.6 g of 25% by weight solution of NaOH was then added.
- the flask was then heated at 60 ° C for 24 hours.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was precipitated in 250 mL MeOH, redissolved in 10 mL of water and reprecipitated in 100 mL MeOH.
- the polymer thus obtained was analyzed by steric exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- 15.0 g of gel and 25.0 g of distilled water were introduced at room temperature. 9.6 g of 25% by weight solution of NaOH was then added.
- the flask was then heated at 60 ° C for 24 hours.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was precipitated in 250 mL EtOH, redissolved in 10 mL of water and reprecipitated in 200 mL EtOH.
- the polymer thus obtained was analyzed by steric exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- 25.0 g of gel and 27.4 g of distilled water were introduced at ambient temperature. 9.6 g of 25% by weight solution of NaOH was then added.
- the flask was then heated at 60 ° C for 24 hours.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was precipitated in 250 mL MeOH, redissolved in 10 mL of water and reprecipitated in 100 mL MeOH.
- the polymer thus obtained was analyzed by steric exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained was subjected to basic hydrolysis.
- 15.0 g of gel and 25.0 g of distilled water were introduced at room temperature. 9.6 g of 25% by weight solution of NaOH was then added.
- the flask was then heated at 60 ° C for 24 hours.
- the polymer solution thus obtained was precipitated in 250 mL EtOH, redissolved in 10 mL of water and reprecipitated in 200 mL EtOH.
- the polymer thus obtained was analyzed by steric exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed without stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the polymer was precipitated in 15 mL of ethanol, and then redissolved in 15 mL of water to which 1 g of NaOH was added. This solution was then allowed to react for 72 hours and then the polymer precipitated in 50 ml of ethanol. The polymer thus obtained was analyzed by steric exclusion chromatography.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained could not be hydrolysed because of the resistance of the methacrylamide group to hydrolysis.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained could not be hydrolysed because of the resistance of the methacrylamide group to hydrolysis.
- the polymerization reaction was then allowed to proceed with stirring for 16 hours at room temperature (20 ° C).
- the gel thus obtained could not be hydrolysed because of the resistance of the methacrylamide group to hydrolysis.
- Example 12 synthesis controlled by a reversible transfer agent
- Example 13 non-reversible transfer agent
- the solutions are placed 24h with magnetic stirring and then conditioned for 6 hours at 60 ° C. to ensure the most complete solubilization or dispersion possible.
- a filterability test was carried out which consisted of passing through a ceramic filter of known porosity the solution to be used for scanning the porous medium.
- the ceramic discs used here have a thickness of 6.2 mm and have a permeability of 775 mm (measured by mercury permeability / injectivity), ie pore sizes of 10 ⁇ m on average (these discs are available from OFITE under the reference 170-55).
- a nitrogen pressure of 0.35 bar is applied and the mass collected at the filter outlet is recorded as a function of time.
- the polymer of Example 12 is injectable in a porous medium.
- the harvested mass grows linearly.
- the polymer of Example 13 shows a typical profile of clogging of the filter and accumulation of a filter cake above the filter with a decreasing rate of passage of fluid as a function of time.
- a gel filtration cake of about 2 mm thick above the filter.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2014004978A MX354132B (es) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Preparacion de los polimeros en bloques anfifilicos por medio de la polimerizacion micelar por radicales controlada. |
| CA2852104A CA2852104C (fr) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Preparation de polymeres sequences amphiphiles par polymerisation radicalaire micellaire a caractere controle |
| EP12775527.0A EP2780383B1 (fr) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Preparation de polymeres sequences amphiphiles par polymerisation radicalaire micellaire a caractere controle |
| BR112014009835-2A BR112014009835B1 (pt) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | processo de preparação de polímeros em bloco anfifílicos por polimerização radicalar micelar controlada, polímero em bloco e utilização do polímero |
| CN201280064296.2A CN104011101B (zh) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | 通过受控自由基胶束聚合来制备两亲嵌段聚合物 |
| US14/353,360 US9580535B2 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Preparation of amphiphilic block polymers by controlled radical micellar polymerisation |
| DK12775527.0T DK2780383T3 (da) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Preparation of amphiphilic block polymers by controlled radical micellar polymerisation |
| RU2014121011A RU2632886C2 (ru) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Получение амфифильных блок-сополимеров путем контролируемой радикальной мицеллярной полимеризации |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR1103246 | 2011-10-24 | ||
| FR1103246 | 2011-10-24 | ||
| FR1103707 | 2011-12-05 | ||
| FR1103707 | 2011-12-05 |
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| WO2013060741A1 true WO2013060741A1 (fr) | 2013-05-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2012/071079 Ceased WO2013060741A1 (fr) | 2011-10-24 | 2012-10-24 | Preparation de polymeres sequences amphiphiles par polymerisation radicalaire micellaire a caractere controle |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9580535B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2780383B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN104011101B (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR112014009835B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2852104C (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK2780383T3 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX354132B (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2632886C2 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2013060741A1 (fr) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104011101A (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
| RU2632886C2 (ru) | 2017-10-11 |
| US9580535B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
| MX354132B (es) | 2018-02-14 |
| DK2780383T3 (da) | 2017-02-20 |
| EP2780383A1 (fr) | 2014-09-24 |
| BR112014009835A2 (pt) | 2017-05-02 |
| MX2014004978A (es) | 2014-10-24 |
| CA2852104C (fr) | 2019-09-10 |
| BR112014009835B1 (pt) | 2021-03-02 |
| US20140378617A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
| CA2852104A1 (fr) | 2013-05-02 |
| RU2014121011A (ru) | 2015-12-10 |
| EP2780383B1 (fr) | 2016-03-16 |
| CN104011101B (zh) | 2018-01-05 |
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