WO2013120434A1 - 一种设备接入方法、接入点和接入设备 - Google Patents
一种设备接入方法、接入点和接入设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013120434A1 WO2013120434A1 PCT/CN2013/071486 CN2013071486W WO2013120434A1 WO 2013120434 A1 WO2013120434 A1 WO 2013120434A1 CN 2013071486 W CN2013071486 W CN 2013071486W WO 2013120434 A1 WO2013120434 A1 WO 2013120434A1
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- access
- access point
- broadcast frame
- service period
- access device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
- H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
- H04W48/12—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using downlink control channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/04—Scheduled access
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless internetwork, and more particularly to a device access method, an access point, and an access device. Background technique
- An existing access point (AP) in the 802.11 specification of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) can only support up to 2007 access devices (or stations, referred to as STAs).
- the 802.11 standard refers to devices that support the 802.11 protocol.
- STAs connected under one AP are limited by AP bandwidth, up to tens to hundreds of them.
- APs must be added. To increase bandwidth resources.
- the 802.11ah standard being developed uses a free frequency of less than 1 GHz to cover a range of 1 km. It is used in applications such as smart meters and smart sensor networks. These applications are characterized by a small amount of data on the terminal and a large coverage of the AP. Therefore, a large number of terminals can be supported, such as requiring the AP to support more STAs, such as adding to 6000 STAs.
- the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a device access method, an access point, and an access device. It can solve the problem of a large number of conflicts when a large number of terminals enter the network at the same time, so that The terminal can smoothly enter the network.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a device access method, where the method includes:
- the access point generates a broadcast frame, where the broadcast frame includes a feature identifier of an access device that is accessed by the access point, and the feature identifier is used to identify an access device that is paged by the access point;
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device access method, where the method includes: receiving, by a first access device, a broadcast frame sent by an access point, where the broadcast frame includes paging of the access point Feature identifier of the access device;
- the first access device Determining, by the first access device, whether the first access device is an access device for paging the access point according to the feature identifier of the device and the feature identifier of the access device in the broadcast frame; When the result is yes, the first access device accesses the access point.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides an access point, where the access point includes: a frame generating unit, configured to generate a broadcast frame, where the broadcast frame includes the access of the access point paging a feature identifier of the device, the feature identifier is used to identify an access device for paging of the access point, and a frame broadcast unit is configured to send the broadcast frame, so as to receive the broadcast frame and the broadcast frame The feature identifier corresponding to the access device accesses the access point.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides an access device, where the access device includes: a frame receiving unit, configured to receive a broadcast frame sent by an access point, where the broadcast frame includes the access point The feature identifier of the access device of the call;
- a determining unit configured to determine, according to the feature identifier of the device, a feature identifier of the access device in the broadcast frame, whether the device is a device that is paging by the access point;
- the access unit is configured to access the access point when the judgment result is yes.
- the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
- the access point actively pages the access device by carrying the paged feature identifier in the broadcast frame, and only the access device specified in the broadcast frame can initiate the access, so that the access device is connected.
- the access point can actively and effectively limit the number of devices that are successfully accessed in the same period, which greatly improves the access efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a network in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific process of the device access method in the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another specific process of the device access method in the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a data structure of a broadcast frame in a case where a competition service period is set;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a CSP and a CFP in a case where a competition service period is set;
- FIG. 7 is a configuration in the embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the equipment access process in the case of a competitive service period;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a data structure of a broadcast frame in a case where an exemption service period is set;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a CSP and a CFP in a case where an exemption service period is set;
- FIG. 10 is an embodiment of the present invention. A specific composition diagram of the access point;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a specific composition of an access device in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a specific composition of the access unit in FIG. 11;
- FIG. 13 is another schematic structural diagram of an access device in an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the access device targeted in the IEEE 802.11ah standard is mainly Smart meters, devices in the intelligent sensor network, etc., the terminals in these application networks are all fixedly installed, so those terminals need to be able to access a specific AP in advance, so that paging can be performed by the AP.
- the called STA enters the network and waits for paging without being called. This can avoid simultaneous competition of a large number of terminals, so that the STA can access the network in an orderly manner.
- the topological structure of the network in the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1 , wherein a wireless fidelity (WiFi) connection is between the access terminal (such as an electric meter) and the AP, and the identifier of each terminal is stored on the service server.
- WiFi wireless fidelity
- Information and geographic address information are specifically described below based on the above network.
- FIG. 2 it is a specific flow diagram of a device access method in an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
- the access point obtains a feature identifier of the access device. This step is an optional step.
- the access point can pre-configure the feature identification information of the access device under it.
- the service server sends the feature identifier of the access device covered by the access point to the access point.
- the access device may be a station (Station, STA) in the 802.11 specification.
- the feature identifier of the access device may include a device unique identifier of the access device.
- the unique identifier of the device may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) address of the device, or other identifiers that can guarantee uniqueness.
- MAC Medium Access Control
- the unique identifier of the device may be a local unique identifier, such as a device unique to the Guangzhou area, but may be compatible with other devices in other regions.
- the device identifier may be set at the factory, and the specific installation or use location of the device may not be determined at the time of shipment. To avoid confusion, the device may be uniquely identified as global. The only identifier.
- the MAC address of the device can usually be used as the unique identifier of the device, and the MAC address of the device is globally unique.
- the access point generates a broadcast frame, where the broadcast frame includes a feature identifier of the access device.
- the feature identifier e.g., device unique identifier
- the broadcast frame may be plural and carried in a broadcast frame in the form of a list.
- the broadcast frame may be a beacon frame (Beacon)
- the access device may use the existing competition mechanism to compete for access during the competition period of the current beacon period, or further, the broadcast frame may further include competition service period information, so as to access the device. Competing for access to the access point during the competitive service period.
- the competition service period is a period of service drawn in the exemption period specified by the AP, but during the service period, the access device accesses using the competition mechanism defined by the present invention.
- WL represents the duration of the largest backoff window
- tslot represents the time slot
- N represents the maximum multiple of the backoff window
- n represents the number of access devices included in the broadcast frame
- a is a constant greater than one
- b is a constant greater than 1
- [] indicates rounding down.
- the access device uses the contention-free mechanism to access, and the broadcast frame further includes an exemption service period information, where the contention-free service period information includes an exemption service period information, so that the access device is in the present The access point of the device is accessed during the exemption service period.
- the contention-free server information includes the contention-free server information of each access device in the list.
- the access point sends the broadcast frame, so that the access device that receives the broadcast frame and corresponding to the feature identifier in the broadcast frame accesses the access point.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides another device access method, which describes a device access procedure on a receiving side of a broadcast frame, and the method includes the following steps:
- the first access device receives a broadcast frame sent by the access point, where the broadcast frame includes a feature identifier of the access device.
- the feature identification includes a device unique identifier.
- the broadcast frame similar to the foregoing may also include competing service period information or exemption service period information. If the broadcast period does not include the service period information of the access device, the access device uses the competition mechanism in the existing standard to compete for access during the competition period of the current beacon period, if the broadcast frame includes For the service period information, the access device uses the competition mechanism defined by the present invention to compete for access during the specified service period. If the broadcast frame includes the contention-free service period information, the access device is in the specified service period. Internal access.
- the step may also be included before this step: the access device passively scans to discover the access point and waits for the access point it discovers to send the broadcast frame.
- the passive scanning means that the access device listens to the broadcast frame of the access point, and determines whether the access point is the access point to be accessed by the access device by using the information in the broadcast frame. It is not within the scope of the present invention for the access device to determine that the access point is the access point to be accessed according to the information in the broadcast frame of the access point.
- the access device needs to be configured through the service release process.
- the information such as the identifier of the access point, the credential, and the like can be configured in the access device.
- the first access device determines, according to the feature identifier of the device, the feature identifier of the access device in the broadcast frame, whether the first access device is a device that is paging by the access point.
- the first access device accesses the access point.
- the first access device cannot initiate the access, and can only wait for the paging of the access point (that is, until the access device in the received broadcast frame includes the device, the device Can initiate access).
- the access device competes to access the access point during the contention service period; or, if the broadcast frame includes the contention-free service period information And the exempting service period information includes the exemption service period information, and the access device accesses the access point during the exemption service period of the device.
- the broadcast frame may include an access device list, where the access device list includes a feature identifier of the access device (eg, a device unique identifier), and the contention-free service period information includes an exemption
- the access period of the service period and the time length of the access device to access the access point, the access device accessing the access point during the contention-free service period of the device may include: Determining the start time of the competition-free service period, the length of time that the access device is free to access the access point, and the location of the device unique identifier of the device in the access device list of the broadcast frame
- the exemption service period of the device the accesses the access point during the exemption service period of the device according to the exemption service period letter.
- the access point carries the feature identifier of the access device in the broadcast frame.
- Active paging access device only the access device specified in the broadcast frame can initiate access, so that when the access point needs to support a large number of devices, the access point can actively and effectively limit the devices accessed in the same time period. The number has greatly improved the access efficiency.
- two access modes are provided, one is competitive access, and the competitive access mechanism may be used according to the existing competitive mechanism, and the competitive service period may be set by the access point.
- the device can only initiate access during the set competitive service period; the other is to avoid the contention access, and the access point sets the exemption service period, which respectively limits the access-free access period of each access device.
- Each device accesses the access point in its own free access period, so that collisions can be completely avoided.
- the device access process in the case of using the competitive service period or the exemption service period is further described below.
- the competitive access method using the existing competition mechanism should be understood by those skilled in the art, and no further is made here. description of.
- the device access procedure is set in the case of a competitive service period.
- the process includes the following steps:
- STA's identity for example, a MAC address
- the service server in advance. For example, it can be done during the service release process or device installation.
- the service issuance process refers to a process in which a user applies for an account and enables the terminal to access the network.
- the service provider may need to record user information, user device information, and the like, and may configure the device. For example, when a resident stays in a new home, they need to open a water, electricity, and gas account before they can use the watch.
- smart meters that is, electric meters, water meters, and gas meters are all intelligent, it is easier to provide corresponding services (ie, power supply and water supply, etc.), and the household opening process may be more convenient, but it also requires an account opening process.
- the power company may have pre-recorded the identification information of the meter (the MAC address of the communication interface or the serial number of the device) and the address of the installed room.
- the user may only activate the meter when opening the account.
- the meter can be remotely controlled for power supply.
- each sensor also has identification information. After the sensor is installed, the identification information of the sensor can be entered into the service of the sensor network.
- the service server sends the identifier of the STA to the AP. For example, after the user opens an account, the service server sends the identity information of the STA to the AP that manages the STA.
- the AP generates and broadcasts a beacon frame according to its own or network conditions. Where AP is in the beacon frame It carries a list of STAs that are paged, and specifies a Contention Service Period (CSP). Of course, in other specific embodiments, the CSP may not be specified.
- CSP Contention Service Period
- the STA When the STA's identity is sent to the AP, the STA must not be associated with the AP.
- the AP pages those STAs that are managed but not yet associated.
- the AP determines, based on the busy condition of the current air interface communication, that a limited number of STAs are paged each time through the beacon frame, for example, 100, 10, or even only one.
- a limited number of STAs are paged each time through the beacon frame, for example, 100, 10, or even only one.
- the data structure of the contention period information element included in the beacon frame in this embodiment may be as shown in FIG. 5:
- Information element identification Indicates the identity of this information element.
- An information element is a data structure, and each information element encapsulates different aspects of data.
- Length Indicates how many bytes are behind this information element, including itself.
- each MAC address occupies 6 bytes.
- the number of STAs that can be paged in an information element is limited by the maximum length of the information element, but if the AP wants to page more STAs at a time, it can include multiple such elements in the beacon frame.
- CSP information The AP allocates a CSP to all STAs that are paged, and specifies the start time and CSP duration of the CSP.
- the CSP is the time period in which the paging STA uses the channel. Only these are found during this time period. The calling STA uses the channel by competition, and other unpaged STAs do not use this time, which can greatly reduce the degree of competition.
- the CSP start time refers to the start time of the CSP, which may be an absolute time or an offset from the beacon frame.
- the CSP duration refers to the duration of the service period, that is, the length of the service period.
- the device receiving the beacon frame can still calculate whether there is any value according to the length field. CSP field and how many MAC addresses there are. Certainly, if the device receiving the beacon frame cannot obtain the information of the number of CSP fields and the number of MAC addresses by using the length of the information element, a field may be added before the list of the STAs of the beacon frame to indicate whether there is any The number of CSP fields or MAC addresses.
- CFP Contention Free Period
- CSP competition service period
- the CFP is a period of time defined by the access point. During this period of time, it usually contains several service periods, and each service period is used by a specific STA, thus avoiding competition.
- CSP is part of CFP, but CSP itself is competitive.
- the CSP is a service period (SP) located in the non-contention period (CFP). This service period is for the aforementioned paging to the STA. For STAs that have not been paged, this period is still non-competitive. That is, STAs that have not been paged cannot use this time to access. It has a short time and therefore cannot use the competitive retreat mechanism in the existing standards.
- the maximum value N (in units of time slots timeslot) of the backoff window set by the paged STA is A certain multiple of n, set the multiple to a, a can take 1.2 ⁇ 2, the purpose is to make the back-off window generated by STA can be scattered in this range and not the same, so there will be no conflict, a too much is too much waste.
- N [a*n]-1
- N represents the maximum multiple of the backoff window
- n represents the number of access devices included in the beacon frame
- a is a constant greater than 1
- b is a constant greater than one.
- [] means rounding down.
- the length of the CSP (CSP duration) is b*N and is converted into microseconds.
- the value of b takes into account the relationship between the time required by the STA to send a message to the receiving AP and the timelot, which is not less than 1. For example, a timeslot may be 20 microseconds, and the STA sends a message to the ACK to receive an average of 35 microseconds, then b can be set to 2, that is, the CSP duration is 2*N*20 microseconds.
- the STA that does not access the access point After receiving the beacon frame, the STA that does not access the access point sends a message to the AP to enter the network if it is found to be paged. In this embodiment, since the AP specifies the CSP, the STA must enter the network at the designated CSP, and the missed time needs to wait for being paged again.
- the STA can set its own d value according to the order in which its own MAC address appears in the list of STAs being paged, so that the value of d will never be repeated, and collisions are completely avoided. Even so, there is a case where the transmission fails because of external interference or the like. If the STA fails to send, the network access opportunity is abandoned, waiting for the next page to be paged. 305.
- the subsequent steps may continue to be completed in the competition period, or use a special mechanism to complete the interaction of the subsequent messages. For example, the AP responds to the last message of the STA every time. The time when the STA sends the message next time will not be described in detail here.
- the entire process can span the beacon interval (beacon Interval, BI), that is, not subject to the beacon period.
- the device access procedure is set to set the exemption service period.
- the process includes the following steps:
- STA identifier for example, a MAC address
- server service server
- the server sends the identifier of the STA to the AP.
- the AP carries a list of STAs that are paged in a Beacon Frame, and specifies a Contention Free Server Period (CFSP).
- CFSP Contention Free Server Period
- the beacon frame of this example includes the CFSP information element as shown in FIG. 8, which includes:
- CFSP start time This is the start time of the CFSP, which is set in the same way as the CSP start time of the previous scheme.
- STA-SP duration This refers to the length of time that each paged STA uses the channel, not the length of the entire CFSP. The length of the entire CFSP needs to be multiplied by the number of STAs being paged.
- the AP knows that the first message sent by the STA when it enters the network has a certain maximum length, so the maximum time required for the STA to send the first message is known, so it is possible to schedule the SP for each STA in advance. The way to get rid of the competition.
- the value of the STA-SP needs to include the time when the AP responds to the STA sending the message.
- the response is a control message, which is a short frame and has a fixed length. It is not a response message that the AP sends a message to the STA. If the STA does not receive the corresponding response frame within the specified time after sending the message, it indicates that the transmission failed.
- CFSP is one of the CFP
- the segment time is further composed of several STA-SPs. Each STA-SP is exclusive to a designated STA, and there is no competition.
- the designated STA-SP After the STA that is not in the network is paged, the designated STA-SP sends a message to the network to perform the network access; the missed time needs to wait for the page to be paged again.
- the STA needs to determine the start time of its STA-SP based on the CFSP start time and the STA-SP period and its position in the access device list.
- the STA can passively scan to discover the AP before the STA accesses, and then can perform channel switching between the APs that meet the conditions. In order to receive the broadcast frame sent by the AP. Of course, in the process of waiting for paging, in order to save power, the STA does not need to listen to each broadcast frame, and can listen to the broadcast frame once for 10 beacon periods or longer. Listening is receiving, any signal in the air can be received, but according to the address information, if it is not its own frame, it will be discarded. Since the STA may not know the channel of the target AP, it is necessary to listen to the broadcast frame on each channel. This process is called passive scanning. The STA can only listen on one channel, so it is necessary to switch channels to listen in sequence.
- the embodiment of the present invention can be used in the access process after the STA is restarted, except that it is used in the access process of the STA not entering the network. That is, after the STA restarts, it may re-establish a connection with the AP. The STA still cannot actively send the first message (for example, the probe request frame), and must wait for the AP to page. If the AP does not receive the STA data after a certain period (for example, 1.1 or 1.5 times transmission period), it determines that the STA is offline, and the AP uses the above scheme to initiate paging.
- a certain period for example, 1.1 or 1.5 times transmission period
- the STAs may be allowed to compete in the network during the competition period (that is, the competition period when the STA initiates the access in the prior art), and the STA must be specified.
- the first message is sent within the time limit. If this time is exceeded, the first message cannot be sent again. It must wait to be paged again.
- the STA may also be scheduled to enter the network during a service period.
- the above-mentioned competitive service period is located in a non-contention period for other STAs that are not paged, and the STAs that are not paged will not compete for access during the competition service period, and the STAs that have accessed the network It will not send any messages during this service period, but for the STAs that are paged, the competition service period is a short period of competition, and the STA must be in this service period.
- the first frame is sent internally. If it is not completed, it must wait to be paged again, and the STA can only send the first message during this service period; the STA may also be scheduled at a fixed time point/segment (not fixed). That is, the above-mentioned exemption service period) sends the first message, and cannot miss this time, otherwise it must wait for the next page to be paged.
- the present invention also provides an access point and an access device, which are respectively described below.
- the access point 10 includes: an identifier obtaining unit 100, configured to obtain a feature identifier of an access device, where the feature identifier includes a unique identifier of the device of the access device (this unit is an optional unit) a frame generating unit 102, configured to generate a broadcast frame, where the broadcast frame includes a feature identifier of the access device, where the feature identifier is used to identify an access device for paging of the access point; And transmitting, by the access device, the broadcast frame, to receive the broadcast frame, and the access device corresponding to the feature identifier in the broadcast frame accesses the access point.
- an identifier obtaining unit 100 configured to obtain a feature identifier of an access device, where the feature identifier includes a unique identifier of the device of the access device (this unit is an optional unit)
- a frame generating unit 102 configured to generate a broadcast frame, where the broadcast frame includes a feature identifier of the access device, where the feature identifier is used to identify an access device for
- the broadcast frame further includes contention service period information, so that the access device that receives the broadcast frame and corresponding to the device unique identifier in the broadcast frame competes for access in the contention service period. Said access point.
- WL represents the duration of the largest backoff window
- tslot represents the time slot
- N represents the maximum multiple of the backoff window
- n represents the number of access devices included in the broadcast frame
- a is a constant greater than one
- b is a constant greater than 1
- [] indicates rounding down.
- the broadcast frame further includes an exemption service period information, where the exemption service period information includes an exemption service period information, so that the access device is connected during the exemption service period of the device. Enter the access point.
- the access device 20 includes: a frame receiving unit 200, configured to receive a broadcast frame sent by an access point, where the broadcast frame includes The determining unit 202 is configured to determine, according to the feature identifier of the device and the feature identifier of the access device in the broadcast frame, whether the device is the access point paging The access unit 204 is configured to access the access point when the determination result is yes.
- the broadcast frame further includes contention service period information, and the access unit 204 is specifically configured to compete for access to the access point during the contention service period.
- the broadcast frame further includes an exemption service period information, where the exemption service period information includes exemption service period information, and the access unit 204 is specifically used for the contention-free service of the device. Access to the access point during the period.
- the feature identifier of the access device includes a device unique identifier of the access device
- the broadcast frame includes an access device list
- the access device list includes a device unique identifier of the access device
- the The service period information includes the time period of the exemption service period and the length of time for the access device to access the access point.
- the access unit 204 includes: an access period determiner.
- the unit 2040 is configured to: according to the start time of the contention-free service period, the length of time for the access device to access the access point, and the device uniquely identified by the device in the broadcast frame.
- the location in the list determines the contention-free service period of the device; the access sub-unit 2042 is configured to access the access point during the contention-free service period of the device.
- the access device 20 may further include: a scanning unit 206, configured to passively scan to discover an access point, and wait for an access point that it discovers to send the broadcast frame.
- a scanning unit 206 configured to passively scan to discover an access point, and wait for an access point that it discovers to send the broadcast frame.
- the access point actively advertises the access device by carrying the feature identifier of the access device in the broadcast frame, and only the access device specified in the broadcast frame can initiate the contention.
- the access point can effectively limit the number of devices that are successfully accessed in the same period, which greatly improves the access efficiency.
- the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or a read-only storage memory.
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Description
一种设备接入方法、 接入点和接入设备
本申请要求 2012 年 2 月 17 日递交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210037166.1 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全文通过引用包含于本申请 中。 技术领域
本发明涉及无线互联网络, 尤其涉及一种设备接入方法、 接入点和接 入设备。 背景技术
现有的美国电气和电子工程师协会( Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE ) 802.11规范中一个接入点 ( access point , AP )最多只 能支持 2007个接入设备 (或称 Station, 简称 STA, 在 802.11标准中指支持 802.11协议的设备), 实际上一个 AP下连接的 STA受 AP带宽限制, 最多 几十个到数百个而已, 当存在更多用户时(例如体育场馆比赛时), 必须增 加 AP以增加带宽资源。
正在制定的 802.11ah标准使用 1GHz以下的免费频语覆盖 1公里范围, 用于智能电表、 智能传感网等应用领域, 这些应用的特点是终端的数据量 很小, 加上 AP的覆盖范围大, 因此可以支持大量的终端, 如要求 AP支持 更多的 STA, 如增加到 6000个 STA。
但是, 若要求 AP支持更多的 STA, 多个 STA如果同时竟争入网, 现 有竟争机制无法运行,因为现有的最大竟争退避窗口是 1023 ,在数千个 STA 竟争信道时, 几乎没可能不冲突, 因此 STA要完成入网非常困难或周期很 长。 发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于, 提供一种设备接入方法、 接 入点和接入设备。 可以解决大量终端同时入网时产生大量冲突的问题, 使
得终端能顺利入网。
为此, 一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种设备接入方法, 所述方法包 括:
接入点生成广播帧, 所述广播帧中包括接入点寻呼的接入设备的特征 标识, 所述特征标识用于标识所述接入点寻呼的接入设备;
所述接入点发送所述广播帧, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述广播帧 中的特征标识对应的接入设备接入所述接入点。
另一方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种设备接入方法, 所述方法包括: 第一接入设备接收接入点发送的广播帧, 所述广播帧包括所述接入点 寻呼的接入设备的特征标识;
所述第一接入设备根据本设备的特征标识与所述广播帧中的接入设备 的特征标识判断所述第一接入设备是否为所述接入点寻呼的接入设备; 当判断结果为是时, 所述第一接入设备接入所述接入点。
另一方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种接入点, 所述接入点包括: 帧生成单元, 用于生成广播帧, 所述广播帧中包括所述接入点寻呼的 接入设备的特征标识, 所述特征标识用于标识所述接入点寻呼的接入设备; 帧广播单元, 用于发送所述广播帧, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述 广播帧中的特征标识对应的接入设备接入所述接入点。
另一方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种接入设备, 所述接入设备包括: 帧接收单元, 用于接收接入点发送的广播帧, 所述广播帧包括所述接 入点寻呼的接入设备的特征标识;
判断单元, 用于根据本设备的特征标识与所述广播帧中的接入设备的 特征标识判断本设备是否为所述接入点寻呼的设备;
接入单元, 用于当判断结果为是时, 接入所述接入点。
实施本发明实施例, 具有如下有益效果: 接入点通过在广播帧中携带 被寻呼的特征标识主动寻呼接入设备, 只有广播帧中指定的接入设备才能 发起接入, 使得当接入点需要支持更多的设备接入时, 接入点可以主动有 效的限制同一时段竟争接入的设备的数量, 大大的提高了接入效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对 实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员 来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附 图。
图 1是本发明实施例中网络的拓朴结构示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例中的设备接入方法的一个具体流程示意图; 图 3是本发明实施例中的设备接入方法的另一个具体流程示意图; 图 4是本发明实施例中设定竟争服务期的情况下的设备接入流程示意 图;
图 5是设定竟争服务期的情况下的广播帧的数据结构示意图; 图 6是设定竟争服务期的情况下的 CSP与 CFP的关系示意图; 图 7是本发明实施例中的设定免竟争服务期的情况下的设备接入流程 示意图;
图 8是设定免竟争服务期的情况下的广播帧的数据结构示意图; 图 9是设定免竟争服务期的情况下的 CSP与 CFP的关系示意图; 图 10是本发明实施例中的接入点的一个具体组成示意图;
图 11是本发明实施例中的接入设备的一个具体组成示意图;
图 12是图 11中的接入单元的一个具体组成示意图;
图 13是本发明实施例中的接入设备的另一个具体组成示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没 有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的 范围。
在本发明实施例中考虑到 IEEE 802.11ah标准中针对的接入设备主要是
智能仪表、 智能传感网中的设备等, 这些应用网络中的终端都是固定安装 的, 因此有哪些终端需要接入到特定的 AP是可以事先知道的, 因此可以实 现由 AP来寻呼各 STA入网, 被呼到的 STA入网, 未被呼到的等待寻呼, 这样就可以避免了大量终端的同时竟争, 使得 STA可有序入网。
本发明实施例中网络的拓朴结构如如图 1 所示, 其中接入终端 (如电 表)和 AP之间是无线保真(wireless fidelity, WiFi )连接, 业务服务器上 存有各终端的标识信息和地理地址信息,当然也有管理这些终端的 AP的信 息。 以下基于上述网络具体描述本发明的各实施例。
如图 2所示, 为本发明实施例中的设备接入方法的一个具体流程示意 图, 该方法包括如下步骤:
101、 接入点获得接入设备的特征标识。 本步骤为可选步骤, 接入点可 以预先配置其下的接入设备的特征标识信息。 如, 为业务服务器向所述接 入点发送所述接入点覆盖的接入设备的特征标识。
这里, 接入设备可以是 802.11规范中的站点 (Station, STA ) 。 其中, 所述接入设备的特征标识可包括接入设备的设备唯一标识。 进一步的, 该 设备唯一标识可以是设备的介质访问控制层 (Medium Access Control, MAC )地址, 也可以是其他能够保证唯一性的标识等。
一般, 对于接入设备固定不移动的场景 (如家庭中的电表) , 这个设 备唯一标识可以是局部唯一标识, 如对于广州地区内的设备是唯一的, 但 可能可以和其他地区内的其他设备的标识重复; 在其他具体实施例中, 该 设备标识可以是出厂时设定的, 出厂时并不能确定该设备的具体安装或使 用地点, 为了避免出现混乱, 可设定该设备唯一标识为全球唯一的标识。 通常可以使用设备的 MAC地址作为设备的唯一性标识, 而设备的 MAC地 址具有全球唯一性。
102、 接入点生成广播帧, 所述广播帧中包括接入设备的特征标识。 广 播帧中包括的特征标识 (如, 设备唯一标识)可以有多个, 并以列表的形 式携带在广播帧中。 具体的, 该广播帧可以是信标帧 (Beacon )
该接入设备可使用现有竟争机制在当前信标周期的竟争期中竟争接 入, 或者进一步地所述广播帧中还可包括竟争服务期信息, 以便接入设备
在所述竟争服务期竟争接入所述接入点。所述竟争服务期是在 AP规定的免 竟争期中划出的一段服务期, 但在该服务期内接入设备使用本发明定义的 竟争机制接入。
其中, 所述接入设备在所述竟争服务期中使用的退避窗满足: WL=N*tslot, N=[a*n] - 1 ,
所述竟争服务期的长度满足: L=b*N*tslot,
其中, WL表示最大的退避窗的持续时间, tslot表示时间槽, N表示所 述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述广播帧中包含的接入设备的数量, a为 大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下取整。
或者, 接入设备使用免竟争机制接入, 所述广播帧中还包括免竟争服 务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 以便接入设 备在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。 其中, 当广播帧中包括接 入设备特征标识的列表时, 该免竟争服务器信息包括列表中的各个接入设 备的免竟争服务器信息。
103、 接入点发送所述广播帧, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述广播帧 中的特征标识对应的接入设备接入所述接入点。
对应上述方法, 如图 3 所示, 本发明实施例还提供了另一种设备接入 方法, 描述广播帧接收侧的设备接入流程, 该方法包括如下步骤:
201、 第一接入设备接收接入点发送的广播帧, 所述广播帧包括接入设 备的特征标识。 如前所述, 该特征标识包括设备唯一标识。
当然, 与前述类似的该广播帧中还可包括竟争服务期信息或免竟争服 务期信息。 如果该广播帧中不包括接入设备的服务期信息, 则接入设备使 用现有标准中的竟争机制在当前信标周期的竟争期内竟争接入, 如果该广 播帧中包括竟争服务期信息, 则接入设备在指定的服务期内使用本发明定 义的竟争机制竟争接入, 如果该广播帧中包括免竟争服务期信息, 则接入 设备在指定的服务期内接入。
其中, 所述竟争服务期接入设备使用的退避窗满足: WL=N*tslot, N=[a*n] - 1 ,
所述竟争服务期的长度满足: L=b*N*tslot,
其中, WL表示最大的退避窗的持续时间, tslot表示时间槽, N表示所 述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述广播帧中包含的接入设备的数量, a为 大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下取整。
在本步骤之前还可以包括步骤: 接入设备被动扫描以发现接入点, 并 等待被其发现的接入点发送所述广播帧。 所谓被动扫描是指接入设备侦听 接入点的广播帧, 通过广播帧中的信息判断该接入点是否为接入设备要接 入的接入点。 至于接入设备如何根据接入点的广播帧中的信息判断该接入 点是其要接入的接入点则不在本发明范围内, 一般来说, 接入设备需要通 过业务发放过程获得配置, 接入点的标识、 信任状(credential )等信息可 以配置到接入设备中。
202、 第一接入设备根据本设备的特征标识与所述广播帧中的接入设备 的特征标识判断所述第一接入设备是否为所述接入点寻呼的设备。
203、 当判断结果为是时, 所述第一接入设备接入所述接入点。 当然, 当判断结果为否时, 该第一接入设备不能发起接入, 只能等待接入点的寻 呼 (即, 直到接收到的广播帧中的接入设备包含本设备, 本设备才可以发 起接入)。
若广播帧中还包括竟争服务期信息, 则此时接入设备在所述竟争服务 期竟争接入所述接入点; 或是, 若广播帧中还包括免竟争服务期信息, 所 述免竟争服务期信息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 则所述接入设备在本设备 的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。
进一步来说, 所述广播帧中可包括接入设备列表, 所述接入设备列表 中包括接入设备的特征标识(如, 设备唯一标识), 所述免竟争服务期信息 包括免竟争服务期开始时间和接入设备免竟争接入所述接入点的时间长 度, 则所述接入设备在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点具体可包 括: 根据所述免竟争服务期开始时间、 所述接入设备免竟争接入所述接入 点的时间长度以及本设备的设备唯一标识在所述广播帧的接入设备列表中 的位置确定本设备的免竟争服务期; 所述接入设备根据免竟争服务期信在 所述本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点息。
通过上述描述可知, 接入点通过在广播帧中携带接入设备的特征标识
的主动寻呼接入设备, 只有广播帧中指定的接入设备才能发起接入, 使得 当接入点需要支持大量的设备接入时, 接入点可以主动有效的限制同一时 段接入的设备的数量, 大大的提高了接入效率。
同时, 在本发明实施例中提供两种接入方式, 一种是竟争接入, 可以 是按照现有的竟争机制竟争接入, 也可以由接入点设定竟争服务期, 设备 只能在设定的竟争服务期内发起接入; 另一种是免竟争接入, 接入点设置 免竟争服务期, 分别限定各个接入设备的免竟争接入时间段, 各设备分别 在各自的免竟争接入时间段接入接入点, 这样就可以完全避免冲突。 以下 分别进一步地描述使用竟争服务期或免竟争服务期这两种情况下的设备接 入过程, 使用现有竟争机制的竟争接入方式本领域技术人员应可理解, 这 里不作进一步的描述。
如图 4所示, 为设定竟争服务期的情况下的设备接入流程。 该流程包 括如下步骤:
301、预先将 STA的标识 (例如 MAC地址)记录在业务服务器上。如, 可在业务发放过程或设备安装时完成。
其中, 业务发放过程是指用户申请帐户、 使得终端可以入网使用的过 程, 在该过程中服务提供商可能需要记录用户信息、 用户设备信息等, 并 可能对设备进行配置。 例如住户入住新居时需要开通水、 电、 煤气帐户, 然后才能开表使用。 对于智能仪表, 即电表、 水表、 煤气表都智能化, 实 现是否提供相应服务(即供电供水等) 更加容易, 住户的开户过程可能更 便捷, 但也是需要开户过程的。 以智能电表具体举例来说, 电力公司可能 已经预先记录了电表的标识信息(其通信接口的 MAC地址或设备的厂家序 列号)和所安装的房间的地址, 用户开户时可以只是将电表激活, 可以远 程控制该电表供电。
对于智能传感器, 每个传感器也有标识信息, 在安装传感器后可以将 传感器的标识信息录入到传感网络的业务 Λ良务器中。
302、 业务服务器将 STA的标识发送给 AP。 如, 当用户开户后, 业务 服务器将 STA的标识信息发送给管理这个 STA的 AP。
303、 AP根据自身或网络情况生成并广播信标帧。 其中, AP在信标帧
中携带被寻呼的 STA的列表, 并指定一个竟争服务期 (Contention Service Period , CSP ), 当然在其他的具体实施例中也可以不指定 CSP。
STA的标识刚发到 AP时, 这个 STA肯定还没有和 AP建立关联, 则 AP寻呼那些属于自己管理但尚未关联的 STA。 AP根据当前空口通信的忙 碌情况确定每次通过信标帧寻呼有限数量的 STA, 例如 100个、 10个、 甚 至只有 1个。 在系统很忙时也可以暂时不寻呼 STA, 等空口比较空闲时再 寻呼未关联的 STA。
本实施例中的信标帧中包含的竟争服务期信息元素的数据结构可以如 图 5所示:
1、 信息元素标识: 指示这个信息元素的标识。 一个信息元素就是一个 数据结构, 每个信息元素都封装了不同方面的数据。
2、 长度: 指示后面有多少字节属于这个信息元素, 包括其自身。
3、 被寻呼的 STA列表: 被寻呼的 STA (接入设备)的 MAC地址(假 设使用 MAC地址作为接入设备的标识), 每个 MAC地址占用 6字节。 一 个信息元素中可包含被寻呼的 STA数量受信息元素最大长度限制, 但如果 AP想一次寻呼更多 STA, 可以在信标帧中包含多个这种元素。
4、 CSP信息: AP为被寻呼的所有 STA分配一个 CSP, 指定 CSP的 开始时间和 CSP持续时间, CSP即为被寻呼的 STA使用信道的时间段, 在这个时间段内只有这些被寻呼的 STA通过竟争使用信道, 其它未被寻呼 的 STA不会使用这段时间, 从而可以大大减少竟争的程度。 其中 CSP开始 时间是指 CSP的开始时间, 可以是绝对时间也可以是相对信标帧的偏移; CSP时长是指这个服务期持续的时间, 也就是服务期时间长度。
由于 CSP字段定义为 8字节, 而 MAC地址是 6字节, 因此虽然 CSP 是可选的并且 MAC地址列表也是不定长的,接收该信标帧的设备仍然可以 根据长度字段的值算出是否有 CSP字段以及有多少个 MAC地址。 当然, 接收该信标帧的设备如果不能通过信息元素的长度获得是否有 CSP字段和 MAC地址个数的信息,则可在信标帧的被寻呼的 STA列表之前增加一个字 段来指示是否有 CSP字段或 MAC地址个数。
如图 6所示, 为本发明实施例中的非竟争期 ( Contention Free Period ,
CFP )和竟争服务期 (CSP )之间的关系。 CFP是接入点划定的一段时间, 在这段时间内通常包含若干的服务期, 每个服务期给特定的 STA使用, 这 样就避免竟争。 CSP是 CFP中的一部分, 但 CSP本身却是竟争的。 CSP是 位于非竟争期 (CFP)的一个服务期 (SP), 这个服务期是为前述寻呼到的 STA 服务的, 对于未被寻呼到的 STA而言, 这段时间仍然是非竟争的, 也就是 说未被寻呼到的 STA不能使用这段时间接入。 它时间较短, 因此不能釆用 现有标准中的竟争退避机制。
假设 AP在最近的信标帧中包含的被寻呼 STA列表信息元素中包含的 STA的数量是 n, 则被寻呼的 STA设定的退避窗的最大值 N (单位是时间 槽 timeslot )是 n的一定倍数, 设倍数为 a, a可取 1.2~2, 目的是使得 STA 产生的退避窗口能散落在这个范围内而不相同, 这样就不会产生冲突, a太 大则浪费太多。
N=[a*n]- 1 , N表示所述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述信标帧中包 含的接入设备的数量, a为大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下 取整。
CSP的长度( CSP时长 )为 b*N并转换成微秒数, b的取值考虑 STA 发送消息到收到 AP的应答消息 ACK后所需时间与 timeslot之间的关系, 不小于 1。 例如一个 timeslot可能是 20微秒, 而 STA发出消息到收到 ACK 平均需要 35微秒, 则 b可以设为 2 , 即 CSP时长为 2*N*20微秒。
304、 未接入接入点的 STA收到信标帧之后, 如果发现其被寻呼, 在指 定的 CSP向 AP发送消息进行入网。 在本实施例中, 由于 AP指定了 CSP, 则 STA必须在指定的 CSP入网, 错过时间需等待再次被寻呼。
如, 在 CSP开始时, STA产生随机数 0< d <= N。 之后退避争用信道。 若发生冲突, STA放弃这次入网机会, 等待再次被寻呼。 也就是说, STA 在 CSP期间只尝试发送一次。
进一步设计, STA可以根据自己的 MAC地址在被寻呼 STA列表中出 现的顺序设定自己的 d值, 这样 d值就绝对不会重复, 完全避免冲突。 但 即使如此, 也有发送失败的情况, 因为可能受到外部干扰等。 如果 STA发 送失败, 则放弃此次入网机会, 等待下次被寻呼。
305、 STA成功发出第一个消息后,后续的步骤可以继续在竟争期完成, 或者釆用某种特殊机制完成后续消息的交互, 例如 AP每次响应 STA的上 一消息后,都顺带安排 STA下一次发送消息的时间点, 这里不作详细描述。 在 STA成功发出第一个消息后, 直到完成入网, 整个过程可以跨越信标间 隔 (信标 Interval, BI ), 即不受信标周期限制。
如图 7 所示, 为设定免竟争服务期的情况下的设备接入流程。 该流程 包括如下步骤:
401、预先将 STA的标识(例如 MAC地址)记录在业务服务器( Server ) 上。
402、 Server将 STA的标识发送给 AP。
403、 AP在信标帧 ( Beacon Frame ) 中携带被寻呼的 STA的列表, 以 及指定一个免竟争服务期 ( Contention Free Server Period, CFSP )。
这个方案与上一方案的主要差异就在于 AP在寻呼 STA时指定一个免 竟争的服务期 CFSP而不是 CSP。 CFSP也位于 CFP, 但这是一个真正的免 竟争的 SP。
本例的信标帧包括如图 8所示的 CFSP信息元素, 其中包括:
1 ) CFSP开始时间: 这是 CFSP的开始时间, 与上一方案的 CSP开始 时间的设置方式相同。
2 ) STA-SP时长: 这个是指每个被寻呼的 STA使用信道的时间长度, 而不是整个 CFSP的长度。 整个 CFSP的长度需要将这个值乘以被寻呼的 STA的个数。
在本例中, 假定 AP知道 STA入网时发送的首个消息都有确定的最大 长度, 因此 STA发送首个消息所需要的最大时间就是已知的, 因此可以釆 用预先为每个 STA安排 SP的方式来免除竟争。 STA-SP的取值除了需考虑 STA发送的消息可能的最大长度外, 还需要包含 AP对 STA发送消息作出 应答的时间, 这个应答是一个控制消息, 是一个很短的帧且长度固定, 而 不是 AP对 STA发送消息的响应消息。 如果 STA发出消息后没有在规定时 间内收到相应的应答帧, 表示发送失败。
如图 9所示, 其中示意了 CFSP和 CFP的关系。 CFSP是 CFP中的一
段时间,进一步由若干个 STA-SP组成。每个 STA-SP为指定的一个 STA独 占, 不存在竟争。
404、 未入网的 STA被寻呼后, 在指定的 STA-SP向 ΑΡ发送消息进行 入网; 错过时间需等待再次被寻呼。在本例中, STA需要根据 CFSP开始时 间和 STA-SP周期以及自己在接入设备列表中的位置确定自己的 STA-SP的 开始时间。
405、 STA成功发出第一个消息后, 后续的步骤与现有方案一致, 此处 不做赘述。 整个过程可以跨越 BI。
上述主要从 AP方向描述了 AP主动寻呼 STA接入的过程, 对于 STA 侧来说, 在 STA接入前, STA可以通过被动扫描以发现 AP, 然后可以在符 合条件的 AP之间进行信道切换, 以便能接收到 AP发送的广播帧。 当然, 在该等待寻呼的过程中, 为了省电, STA不需要侦听每个广播帧, 可以 10 个信标周期或更长时间侦听一次广播帧。 侦听就是接收, 空中有任何信号 都可以收得到, 但根据地址信息, 若不是自己的帧就丟弃。 因为 STA可能 不知道目标 AP的信道, 所以需要在各个信道上侦听广播帧, 这个过程就叫 被动扫描。 STA—次只能在一个信道上侦听, 因此需要切换信道依次侦听。
本发明实施例除了用于 STA未入网的接入过程中,还可以用于 STA重 启后的接入过程中。 即, STA重启后可能会重新与 AP建立连接, STA仍不 能主动发出第一个消息 (如, 探测请求帧), 必须等待 AP寻呼。 而 AP超 过一定的周期(如, 1.1或 1.5倍传输周期 )仍未收到 STA的数据, 则确定 STA离线, 则 AP釆用上述方案发起寻呼。
通过上述描述可知, AP—次寻呼多个 STA时, 这些 STA可能被允许 在竟争期竟争入网 (即类似现有技术中 STA主动发起接入时的竟争期), STA 必须在指定时间内完成第一个消息的发送, 如果超过这个时间, 则不 能再发送第一个消息, 必须等待再次被寻呼; STA 也可能被安排在一个服 务期内竟争入网, 这个服务期 (即上述的竟争服务期)对其它未被寻呼的 STA来说它位于非竟争期, 未被寻呼的 STA不会在该竟争服务期来竟争接 入, 已接入网络的 STA也不会在这个服务期发送任何消息, 但对于被寻呼 到的 STA来说, 该竟争服务期是一个短的竟争期, STA必须在这个服务期
内完成第一个帧的发送, 如果没有完成, 必须等待再次被寻呼, 并且 STA 只能在这个服务期送出第一个消息; STA还可能被安排在非竟争期固定时 间点 /段(即, 上述的免竟争服务期)发送第一个消息, 不能错过这个时间, 否则必须等待下一次被寻呼。
相应与上述方法实施例, 本发明还提供了一种接入点和接入设备, 以 下分别进行描述。
如图 10所示, 该接入点 10包括: 标识获取单元 100, 用于获得接入设 备的特征标识, 所述特征标识包括所述接入设备的设备唯一标识 (本单元 为可选单元); 帧生成单元 102, 用于生成广播帧, 所述广播帧中包括接入 设备的特征标识, 所述特征标识用于标识所述接入点寻呼的接入设备; 帧 广播单元 104, 用于发送所述广播帧, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述广播 帧中的特征标识对应的接入设备接入所述接入点。
其中, 所述广播帧中还包括竟争服务期信息, 以便接收到所述广播帧 且与所述广播帧中的设备唯一标识对应的接入设备在所述竟争服务期竟争 接入所述接入点。
进一步的,
所述接入设备在所述竟争服务期中使用的退避窗满足: WL=N*tslot, N=[a*n] - 1 ,
所述竟争服务期的长度满足: L=b*N*tslot,
其中, WL表示最大的退避窗的持续时间, tslot表示时间槽, N表示所 述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述广播帧中包含的接入设备的数量, a为 大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下取整。
或者, 所述广播帧中还包括免竟争服务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信 息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 以便所述接入设备在本设备的免竟争服务期 内接入所述接入点。
如图 11所示, 为本发明实施例中的接入设备的具体组成示意图, 该接 入设备 20包括: 帧接收单元 200, 用于接收接入点发送的广播帧,, 所述广 播帧包括接入设备的特征标识; 判断单元 202, 用于根据本设备的特征标识 与所述广播帧中的接入设备的特征标识判断本设备是否为所述接入点寻呼
的设备; 接入单元 204, 用于当判断结果为是时, 接入所述接入点。
其中, 所述广播帧中还包括竟争服务期信息, 所述接入单元 204具体 用于在所述竟争服务期竟争接入所述接入点。
或者, 所述广播帧中还包括免竟争服务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信 息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 所述接入单元 204具体用于在本设备的免竟 争服务期内接入所述接入点。
进一步的, 所述接入设备的特征标识包括接入设备的设备唯一标识, 所述广播帧中包括接入设备列表, 所述接入设备列表中包括接入设备的设 备唯一标识, 所述免竟争服务期信息包括免竟争服务期开始时间和接入设 备免竟争接入所述接入点的时间长度, 如图 12所示, 所述接入单元 204包 括: 接入期确定子单元 2040, 用于根据所述免竟争服务期开始时间、 所述 接入设备免竟争接入所述接入点的时间长度以及本设备的设备唯一标识在 所述广播帧的接入设备列表中的位置确定本设备的免竟争服务期; 接入子 单元 2042, 用于在所述本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。
如图 13所示, 该接入设备 20还可包括: 扫描单元 206, 用于被动扫描 以发现接入点, 并等待其发现的接入点发送所述广播帧。
上述装置实施例中的术语和细节与前述方法实施例中的一致, 此处不 做赘述。
综上所述, 在本发明实施例中, 接入点通过在广播帧中携带接入设备 的特征标识来主动寻呼接入设备,, 只有广播帧中指定的接入设备才能发起 竟争接入, 使得当接入点需要支持更多的设备接入时, 接入点可以有效的 限制同一时段竟争接入的设备的数量, 大大的提高了接入效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流 程, 是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成, 所述的程序可存储 于一计算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 可包括如上述各方法的 实施例的流程。 其中, 所述的存储介质可为磁碟、 光盘、 只读存储记忆体
RAM )等。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已, 当然不能以此来限定
本发明之权利范围, 因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化, 仍属本发明 所涵盖的范围。
Claims
1、 一种设备接入方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
接入点生成广播帧, 所述广播帧中包括接入点寻呼的接入设备的特征 标识, 所述特征标识用于标识所述接入点寻呼的接入设备;
所述接入点发送所述广播帧, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述广播帧 中的特征标识对应的接入设备接入所述接入点。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述特征标识包括所述接 入设备的设备唯一标识, 在所述接入点生成广播帧之前还包括:
所述接入点获得所述接入点寻呼的接入设备的设备唯一标识。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接入点获得接入设备 的设备唯一标识包括:
所述接入点从业务服务器接收所述接入点覆盖的接入设备的设备唯一 标识。
4、 如权利要求 2或 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中还包括 竟争服务期信息, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述广播帧中的设备唯一标 识对应的接入设备在所述竟争服务期竟争接入所述接入点。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述接入点寻呼的接入设备在所述竟争服务期中使用的退避窗满足: WL=N*tslot, N=[a*n] - 1 ,
所述竟争服务期的长度满足: L=b*N*tslot,
其中, WL表示最大的退避窗的持续时间, tslot表示时间槽, N表示所 述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述广播帧中包含的所述接入点寻呼的接入 设备的数量, a为大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下取整。
6、 如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中 还包括免竟争服务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信息中包括所述接入设备的 免竟争服务期信息, 以便所述接入设备在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所 述接入点。
7、 一种设备接入方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
第一接入设备接收接入点发送的广播帧, 所述广播帧包括所述接入点 寻呼的接入设备的特征标识;
所述第一接入设备根据本设备的特征标识与所述广播帧中的接入设备 的特征标识判断所述第一接入设备是否为所述接入点寻呼的接入设备; 当判断结果为是时, 所述第一接入设备接入所述接入点。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中还包括竟争 服务期信息, 所述第一接入设备接入所述接入点包括:
所述第一接入设备在所述竟争服务期竟争接入所述接入点。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述第一接入设备在所述竟争服务期中使用的退避窗满足: WL=N*tslot, N=[a*n] - 1 ,
所述竟争服务期的长度满足: L=b*N*tslot,
其中, WL表示最大的退避窗的持续时间, tslot表示时间槽, N表示所 述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述广播帧中包含的接入设备的数量, a为 大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下取整。
10、 如权利要求 7 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中还包括免 竟争服务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 所述 第一接入设备接入所述接入点包括:
所述第一接入设备在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接入设备的特征标 识包括接入设备的设备唯一标识, 所述广播帧中包括接入设备列表, 所述 接入设备列表中包括接入设备的设备唯一标识, 所述免竟争服务期信息包 括免竟争服务期开始时间和免竟争接入所述接入点的时间长度, 所述第一 接入设备在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点包括:
所述第一接入设备根据所述免竟争服务期开始时间、 所述免竟争接入 所述接入点的时间长度以及本设备的设备唯一标识在所述接入设备列表中 的位置确定本设备的免竟争服务期;
所述接入设备在所述本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。
12、 如权利要求 7至 11中任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述第 一接入设备接收接入点发送的广播帧之前还包括:
所述第一接入设备被动扫描以发现接入点, 并等待被其发现的接入点 发送所述广播帧。
13、 一种接入点, 其特征在于, 所述接入点包括:
帧生成单元, 用于生成广播帧, 所述广播帧中包括所述接入点寻呼的 接入设备的特征标识, 所述特征标识用于标识所述接入点寻呼的接入设备; 帧广播单元, 用于发送所述广播帧, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述 广播帧中的特征标识对应的接入设备接入所述接入点。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的接入点, 其特征在于, 所述接入点还包括: 标识获取单元, 用于获得接入设备的特征标识, 所述特征标识包括所 述接入点寻呼的接入设备的设备唯一标识。
15、 如权利要求 14所述的接入点, 其特征在于所述广播帧中还包括竟 争服务期信息, 以便接收到所述广播帧且与所述广播帧中的设备唯一标识 对应的接入设备在所述竟争服务期竟争接入所述接入点。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的接入点, 其特征在于,
所述所述接入点寻呼的接入设备在所述竟争服务期中使用的退避窗满 足: WL=N*tslot, N=[a*n] _ l ,
所述竟争服务期的长度满足: L=b*N*tslot,
其中, WL表示最大的退避窗的持续时间, tslot表示时间槽, N表示所 述退避窗的最大倍数值, n表示所述广播帧中包含的所述接入点寻呼的接入 设备的数量, a为大于 1的常数, b为大于 1的常数, []表示向下取整。
17、 如权利要求 14所述的接入点, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中还包括 免竟争服务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 以 便所述接入点寻呼的接入设备在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入 点。
18、 一种接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述接入设备包括:
帧接收单元, 用于接收接入点发送的广播帧, 所述广播帧包括所述接 入点寻呼的接入设备的特征标识;
判断单元, 用于根据本设备的特征标识与所述广播帧中的接入设备的 特征标识判断本设备是否为所述接入点寻呼的设备;
接入单元, 用于当判断结果为是时, 接入所述接入点。
19、 如权利要求 18所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中还包 括竟争服务期信息, 所述接入单元具体用于在所述竟争服务期竟争接入所 述接入点。
20、 如权利要求 18所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述广播帧中还包 括免竟争服务期信息, 所述免竟争服务期信息中包括免竟争服务期信息, 所述接入单元具体用于在本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。
21、 如权利要求 20所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所述接入设备的特 征标识包括所述接入点寻呼的接入设备的设备唯一标识, 所述广播帧中包 括接入设备列表, 所述接入设备列表中包括所述接入点寻呼的接入设备的 设备唯一标识, 所述免竟争服务期信息包括免竟争服务期开始时间和接入 设备免竟争接入所述接入点的时间长度, 所述接入单元包括:
接入期确定子单元, 用于根据所述免竟争服务期开始时间、 所述接入 点寻呼的接入设备免竟争接入所述接入点的时间长度以及本设备的设备唯 一标识在所述广播帧的接入设备列表中的位置确定本设备的免竟争服务 期;
接入子单元, 用于在所述本设备的免竟争服务期内接入所述接入点。
22、 如权利要求 18至 21 中任一项所述的接入设备, 其特征在于, 所 述接入设备还包括:
扫描单元, 用于被动扫描以发现接入点, 并等待其发现的接入点发送 所述广播帧。
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| EP13748774.0A EP2816867B1 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2013-02-07 | Device access method, access point, and access device |
| US14/460,869 US9432912B2 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2014-08-15 | Device access method, access point and access device |
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| CN201210037166.1 | 2012-02-17 | ||
| CN201210037166.1A CN103260214B (zh) | 2012-02-17 | 2012-02-17 | 一种设备接入方法、接入点和接入设备 |
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| US14/460,869 Continuation US9432912B2 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2014-08-15 | Device access method, access point and access device |
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| US (1) | US9432912B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2816867B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103260214B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013120434A1 (zh) |
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| WO2015081518A1 (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | 管理帧的发送处理方法及系统 |
| CN105637938B (zh) * | 2014-01-29 | 2019-03-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | 设备接入方法和接入点 |
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| CN105101271B (zh) * | 2014-05-12 | 2019-08-23 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | 接入设备信息展示方法及装置 |
| CN105813026A (zh) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | 广播实现方法、装置和设备 |
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| US9867004B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-01-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Broadcast time-of-departure (TOD) frame format |
| CN105704679B (zh) * | 2016-05-04 | 2019-04-16 | 深圳市蜂联科技有限公司 | 一种在无关联的wifi环境下ap和有确认功能的sd快速连接的方法 |
| US10650621B1 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2020-05-12 | Iocurrents, Inc. | Interfacing with a vehicular controller area network |
| CN107979864B (zh) * | 2016-10-25 | 2021-11-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 接入点的接入方法、装置及系统 |
| CN106793002A (zh) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 努比亚技术有限公司 | 基于广播信道的被动式wifi扫描方法及相关设备 |
| CN107548019B (zh) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-07-03 | 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 | 无线传感网络中网络信标的处理方法及设备 |
| KR102392270B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-18 | 2022-04-29 | 에스케이플래닛 주식회사 | 사용자단말 및 그 동작 방법, 그리고 아이오티장치 |
| CN110839272A (zh) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-25 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | 无线局域网的通信方法及装置、接入点设备和站点设备 |
| CN111132265B (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-06-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | 网络接入方法及装置 |
| CN110290570A (zh) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-27 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | 无线网络接入方法及相关设备、存储装置 |
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| CN119697732A (zh) * | 2024-12-11 | 2025-03-25 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 设备的接入方法及装置、系统、存储介质、电子设备 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103260214B (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
| CN103260214A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
| US9432912B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
| EP2816867A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| EP2816867B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| US20140376536A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
| EP2816867A4 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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