WO2013133148A1 - グリース組成物 - Google Patents
グリース組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013133148A1 WO2013133148A1 PCT/JP2013/055623 JP2013055623W WO2013133148A1 WO 2013133148 A1 WO2013133148 A1 WO 2013133148A1 JP 2013055623 W JP2013055623 W JP 2013055623W WO 2013133148 A1 WO2013133148 A1 WO 2013133148A1
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- Prior art keywords
- amide
- grease composition
- base oil
- solid lubricant
- compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/105—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/1256—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids used as thickening agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
- C10M2207/1265—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
- C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
- C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides [having hydrocarbon substituents containing less than thirty carbon atoms]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/222—Triazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/0405—Siloxanes with specific structure used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grease composition using a metal soap-based thickener.
- Grease is mainly used for sliding bearings, rolling bearings (bearings), or sliding surfaces where it is difficult to keep the lubricant film attached due to the movement of the contact surface.
- metal soap thickeners The so-called metal soap grease using water is excellent in water resistance, heat resistance and mechanical stability, and in particular, lithium soap grease is most commonly used as a universal grease and has various sliding parts between steel and resin. It is also used for bearings, gears, ball joints, pinions and the like.
- a grease for resin used in such a steel-resin sliding part contains silicone oil and lithium soap thickener, 3 to 25% by mass of polytetrafluoroethylene resin powder, and 1 to 15% by mass of saturated fatty acid amide.
- a composition has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- this grease composition uses a base oil with a high density called silicone oil, there is a problem that the dispersibility of the solid lubricant is poor, the friction coefficient cannot be lowered sufficiently, and stick slip is likely to occur. there were.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grease composition that improves the dispersibility of a solid lubricant, has a sufficiently low coefficient of friction at the sliding portion of steel and resin, and does not cause stick slip. .
- a lubricating base oil having a density at 15 ° C. of 0.75 to 0.95 g / cm 3 an amide compound, a solid lubricant, and a metal soap thickener.
- the solid lubricant is a layered compound or a fluororesin.
- the grease composition of the present invention has a special effect that the solid lubricant is sufficiently dispersed, the friction coefficient at the sliding portion between the steel and the resin is low, and stick slip does not occur.
- the grease composition of the present invention comprises a lubricating base oil having a density of 0.75 to 0.95 g / cm 3 at 15 ° C., an amide compound, a solid lubricant, and a metal soap thickener.
- a lubricating base oil having a density of 0.75 to 0.95 g / cm 3 at 15 ° C. an amide compound, a solid lubricant, and a metal soap thickener.
- a lubricating base oil of the present invention either mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used, and the lubricating base oil has a density at 15 ° C. in the range of 0.75 to 0.95 g / cm 3. is there. When the lubricant base oil is out of this range, the dispersibility of the solid lubricant is lowered, and the friction coefficient cannot be sufficiently lowered.
- This density is particularly preferably from 0.8 to 0.9 g / cm 3 .
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably 1 to 500 mm 2 / s, more preferably 5 to 100 mm 2 / s.
- the viscosity index is 90 or more, particularly 95 to 250
- the pour point is ⁇ 10 ° C. or less, particularly ⁇ 15 to ⁇ 70 ° C.
- the flash point is 150 ° C.
- a lubricating base oil having the above physical properties is preferred.
- Mineral oil base oils include lubricating oil fractions obtained by purifying distillate obtained by subjecting crude oil to atmospheric distillation or further distillation under reduced pressure by various purification processes.
- the refining process includes hydrorefining, solvent extraction, solvent dewaxing, hydrodewaxing, sulfuric acid washing, clay treatment, etc., and these can be combined and processed in an appropriate order to obtain the base oil of the present invention.
- a mixture of refined oils having different properties, obtained by different crude oils or distillate oils by different process combinations and sequences, is also useful. Any method can be preferably used by adjusting the properties of the obtained base oil so as to satisfy the above-described density.
- the synthetic lubricant base oil it is preferable to use a substrate having excellent hydrolysis stability.
- polyolefins such as poly- ⁇ -olefin, polybutene and copolymers of two or more kinds of olefins, polyesters, polyalkylenes Examples thereof include glycol, alkylbenzene, and alkylnaphthalene.
- poly- ⁇ -olefin is preferable in terms of availability, cost, viscosity characteristics, oxidation stability, and compatibility with system members.
- the poly- ⁇ -olefin is more preferably a polymer such as 1-dodecene or 1-decene in terms of cost.
- the exemplified synthetic systems can be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Furthermore, it can also be used by mixing with the mineral oil system.
- the individual base oils before mixing are within the range of physical properties. It can be used even if it is off. Accordingly, the individual synthetic base oils do not necessarily satisfy the above physical properties, but are preferably within the above physical properties.
- the content of the lubricating base oil is preferably 50 to 95% by mass, particularly preferably 60 to 85% by mass, based on the total amount of the grease composition. When the content of the lubricating base oil is outside the range of 50 to 95% by mass, it becomes difficult to easily prepare a grease composition having a desired consistency.
- the amide compound of the present invention is a compound having at least one amide group (-NH-CO-).
- a compound containing one amide group (monoamide), a compound containing two amide groups (bisamide) or Any compound (triamide) containing three amide groups can be used.
- Bisamide and triamide are most preferred because they have the advantage of reducing the frictional resistance of the sliding portion even with a relatively small amount.
- the bisamide may be either a diamine acid amide or a diacid acid amide.
- the amide compound preferably used is one having a melting point of 40 to 180 ° C., particularly preferably 80 to 180 ° C., more preferably 100 to 170 ° C., and a molecular weight of 242 to 932, particularly preferably 298 to 876.
- Monoamide, bisamide, and triamide are represented by the following general formula (1), general formula (2) and (3), and general formula (4), respectively.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 5 to 25 carbon atoms, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Either is acceptable.
- R 2 is hydrogen is also included.
- a 1 , A 2 , and A 3 are each independently an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a combination of these carbon numbers 1 to 10 divalent hydrocarbon groups
- M is an amide group.
- R 2 is preferably hydrogen or a saturated or unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a 1 is preferably a divalent saturated chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Furthermore, in the formulas (2) and (3), in the hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 , R 2 , or A 1 , part of hydrogen may be substituted with a hydroxyl group (—OH).
- an amide compound in which A 1 , A 2 and A 3 are aliphatic hydrocarbon groups is referred to as an aliphatic amide and an amide in which at least one of A 1 , A 2 or A 3 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the compound is referred to as an aromatic amide
- the amide compound in which at least one of A 1 , A 2, or A 3 is an alicyclic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group is referred to as a non-aliphatic amide.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are preferably a saturated or unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are preferably those having a saturated or unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group having 10 to 20 carbon atoms and an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- a non-aliphatic amide can be used, but an aliphatic amide is preferred.
- a 1 is a divalent saturated chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- monoamides include saturated fatty acid amides such as lauric acid amide, palmitic acid amide, stearic acid amide, behenic acid amide, hydroxystearic acid amide, unsaturated fatty acid amides such as oleic acid amide and erucic acid amide, and Examples thereof include substituted amides with saturated or unsaturated long-chain fatty acids and long-chain amines such as stearyl stearamide, oleyl oleate amide, oleyl stearate amide, stearyl oleate amide and the like.
- the acid amide of the diamine represented by the formula (2) include ethylene bis stearic acid amide, ethylene bis isostearic acid amide, ethylene bis oleic acid amide, methylene bis lauric acid amide, and hexamethylene bis oleic acid amide. And hexamethylene bishydroxystearic acid amide.
- Specific examples of the diacid bisamide represented by the formula (3) include N, N′-bisstearyl sebacic acid amide.
- R 1 and R 2 in formulas (2) and (3) are each independently an amide compound having a saturated chain hydrocarbon group or an unsaturated chain hydrocarbon group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms. It is preferable.
- N-acylamino acid diamide compounds there are many triamides represented by the general formula (4), and specific examples of compounds that can be suitably used in the present invention include N-acylamino acid diamide compounds.
- the N-acyl group of this compound is a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated aliphatic acyl group or aromatic acyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly a caproyl group, a capryloyl group, a lauroyl group, a myristoyl group, Preferred are those comprising a stearoyl group, and preferred amino acids are those comprising aspartic acid and glutamic acid, and the amine of the amide group is a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated aliphatic amine having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, In particular, butylamine, octylamine, laurylamine, isostearylamine, stearylamine and the like are preferable. In particular, N-lauroyl-L-g
- the amide compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the amide compound is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, and preferably 5 to 30% by mass based on the total amount of the grease composition.
- Solid lubricant is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for a lubricant, but it is preferable to use a layered compound or a fluorine resin having excellent lubricity.
- a layered compound those having a layered crystal structure, for example, melamine cyanurate, molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, graphite, mica, fluorinated graphite and the like are suitable.
- fluororesins examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), and tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- FEP tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene copolymer examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), and tetrafluoroethylene / ethylene cop
- solid lubricants can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more thereof, and those having an appropriate particle size can be appropriately selected and used depending on the intended use, but the particle diameter is 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m, particularly Those of 1 to 10 ⁇ m are preferable.
- the content of the solid lubricant is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, particularly 0.2 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the grease composition.
- the metal soap-based thickener is a thickener made of a carboxylic acid metal salt, and the carboxylic acid may be a carboxylic acid derivative having a hydroxy group or the like.
- the carboxylic acid may be an aliphatic carboxylic acid such as stearic acid or azelaic acid, or an aromatic carboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid, but a monovalent or divalent aliphatic carboxylic acid, particularly an aliphatic having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Carboxylic acid is used.
- monovalent aliphatic carboxylic acids having 12 to 20 carbon atoms and divalent aliphatic carboxylic acids having 6 to 14 carbon atoms are preferably used.
- the metal may be an alkali metal such as lithium or sodium, an alkaline earth metal such as calcium, or an amphoteric metal such as aluminum, but an alkali metal, particularly lithium, is preferably used.
- This thickener may be blended in the form of metal soap, but a carboxylic acid and a metal source (metal salt, metal salt hydroxide, etc.) are blended separately and reacted at the time of grease preparation, It may be a soap thickener.
- carboxylic acid metal salts may be used singly or in combination.
- a mixture of lithium 12-hydroxystearate and lithium azelate is particularly preferred.
- the content of the metal soap thickener is only required to obtain a desired consistency, and is, for example, preferably 2 to 30% by mass, more preferably 5 to 15%, based on the total amount of the grease composition.
- the grease composition of the present invention includes, as necessary, a detergent, a dispersant, an antiwear agent, a viscosity index improver, an antioxidant, an electrode, which are generally used in lubricating oils and greases.
- a detergent e.g., a sulfate, a sulfate, a sulfate, a sulfate, a sulfate, a sulfate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium
- the grease composition of the present invention can be produced by a general method for producing grease, but it is preferable to heat the amide compound once after its melting point after mixing.
- the amide compound and the lubricating base oil may be heated to the melting point of the amide compound or higher and cooled, and then physically mixed with a general grease composed of a solid lubricant, a thickener, and a lubricating base oil.
- a general grease composed of a solid lubricant, a thickener, and a lubricating base oil.
- it may be cooled by heating above the melting point of the amide compound.
- the grease composition of the present invention is suitably used for lubrication of various resin sliding members and metal sliding members.
- resin sliding members include nylon resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) resin, polyacetal (POM) resin, etc., which have a UL standard long-term heat resistant temperature of 50 to 150 ° C.
- PC polycarbonate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- POM polyacetal resin
- Lubricating base oil (1) Mineral oil base oil / lubricating base oil obtained by subjecting a distillate obtained by distillation under reduced pressure to a solvent distillation refined base oil at 40 ° C .; 68 mm 2 / s Density at 15 ° C .; 0.87 g / cm 3 Viscosity index: 100 Pour point: -10 ° C Flash point: 250 ° C
- Amide compound (1) Aliphatic amide (a) Ethylene bis-stearic acid amide (special grade reagent) (B) Ethylene bisoleic acid amide (special grade reagent) (C) Stearic acid monoamide (special grade reagent) (2) Aromatic amide (a) m-xylylene bis-stearic acid amide (special grade reagent)
- Solid lubricant (1) Melamine cyanurate (MCA, average particle size; 4 ⁇ m, MELAPUR MC25 manufactured by BASF) (2) Molybdenum disulfide (average particle size: 0.5 ⁇ m, Nichimori M-5 powder manufactured by Daizonitori) (3) Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, average particle size: 4 ⁇ m, KTL-8N manufactured by Kitamura) (4) Boron nitride (average particle size: 2 ⁇ m, HP-P1 manufactured by Mizushima Alloy Iron Company) (5) Silicon oxide (average particle size: 35 ⁇ m, special grade reagent) The average particle diameter is measured by a laser light diffraction method.
- Metal soap thickener (1) Lithium 12-hydroxystearate (shown as “lithium stearate” in the table) (2) Composite of lithium 12-hydroxystearate and lithium azelate (mixing ratio is 2: 1) (shown as “composite lithium soap” in the table) 5. Other additives Diphenylamine was added to all as an antioxidant.
- the solid lubricant is sufficiently dispersed, the coefficient of friction in the sliding portion of steel and resin is low, and there is no occurrence of stick-slip.
- it is useful for lubricating various bearings, gears, ball joints, pinions and the like.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
しかし、このグリース組成物は、シリコーン油という密度の大きい基油を用いるため、固体潤滑剤の分散性が悪く、また摩擦係数を十分に下げることができず、スティックスリップも発生し易いという問題があった。
本発明は、かかる知見に基づきなされたもので、次のものからなる。
(2)固体潤滑剤が、層状化合物またはふっ素樹脂からなる上記(1)に記載されたグリース組成物。
(3)アミド化合物が、モノアミドまたはビスアミドである上記(1)又は(2)に記載されたグリース組成物。
〔潤滑油基油〕
本発明の潤滑油基油としては、鉱油系または合成系のいずれも用いることができるが、潤滑油基油の15℃における密度が、0.75~0.95g/cm3の範囲のものである。この範囲から外れる潤滑油基油では、固体潤滑剤の分散性が低下し、摩擦係数を十分に低くすることはできない。この密度は、特には0.8~0.9g/cm3のものが好ましい。
また、40℃における動粘度が1~500mm2/sのものが好ましく、5~100mm2/sがより好ましい。40℃における動粘度が1~500mm2/sから外れると、所望のちょう度を有するグリース組成物を簡便に調製でき難くなる。さらに、優れた潤滑性を有するグリースを調製するためには、粘度指数が90以上、特には95~250、流動点が-10℃以下、特には-15~-70℃、引火点が150℃以上の物性を有する潤滑油基油が好ましい。
合成系潤滑油基油を含めて、複数の潤滑油基油の混合物を使用する場合、該基油混合物が上記物性を満足するものであれば、混合前の個々の基油がかかる物性の範囲を外れていても使用することができる。したがって、個々の合成油系基油は、上記物性を必ずしも満足する必要はないが、上記物性の範囲内であることが好ましい。
この潤滑油基油の含有量は、グリース組成物全量基準で、50~95質量%が好ましく、60~85質量%とすることが特に好ましい。潤滑油基油の含有量が50~95質量%の範囲を外れると所望のちょう度を有するグリース組成物を簡便に調製でき難くなる。
本発明のアミド化合物は、アミド基(‐NH‐CO‐)を少なくとも1つ有する化合物で、アミド化合物として、アミド基を1つ含む化合物(モノアミド)、アミド基を2つ含む化合物(ビスアミド)またはアミド基を3つ含む化合物(トリアミド)のいずれをも用いることができる。ビスアミド、トリアミドは比較的少量でも摺動部の摩擦抵抗を軽減できる利点があり、最も好適である。
なお、ビスアミドは、ジアミンの酸アミドでも、ジ酸の酸アミドのいずれでも良い。
好ましく用いられるアミド化合物は、融点が40~180℃、特に好ましくは80~180℃、更に好ましくは100~170℃、分子量が242~932、特に好ましくは298~876のものである。
モノアミド、ビスアミド、及びトリアミドは、下記の一般式(1)、一般式(2)及び(3)、及び一般式(4)でそれぞれ表される。
R1‐CO‐NH‐A1‐NH‐CO‐R2 ・・・・(2)
R1‐NH‐CO‐A1‐CO‐NH‐R2 ・・・・(3)
R1‐M‐A1‐CH(A2‐M‐R3)‐A3‐M‐R2・・・・(4)
なお、モノアミドの場合、R2が水素又は炭素数10~20の飽和又は不飽和の鎖状炭化水素基であることが好ましい。
また、ジアミンの酸アミドの場合は、A1が炭素数1~4の2価の飽和鎖状炭化水素基のものが好ましい。
さらに、式(2)及び(3)において、R1、R2、またはA1で表される炭化水素基は、一部の水素が水酸基(‐OH)で置換されていてもよい。
脂肪族アミドの場合、R1、R2、R3は炭素数10~20の飽和又は不飽和の鎖状炭化水素基であることが好ましい。
芳香族アミドの場合、R1、R2、R3は炭素数10~20の飽和又は不飽和の鎖状炭化水素基と芳香族炭化水素基のものが好ましい。
アミド化合物としては、非脂肪族アミドを用いることができるが、脂肪族アミドが好ましい。ジアミンの酸アミド(一般式(3))の場合は、A1が炭素数1~4の2価の飽和鎖状炭化水素基のものが好ましい。
これらビスアミドの中でも、式(2)及び式(3)のR1とR2がそれぞれ独立して炭素数12~20の飽和鎖状炭化水素基又は不飽和鎖状炭化水素基のアミド化合物であることが好ましい。
なお、このアミド化合物は潤滑油基油の存在下で加熱溶融すると、三次元網目構造を形成するアミド化合物中に潤滑油基油が保持された状態になり、ただ単にアミド化合物をグリース中に分散、混合した場合に比べて、鋼と樹脂の摺動部における摩擦係数がさらに低くなり、またスティックスリップの発生が全く生じない。
固体潤滑剤は、一般に潤滑剤に使用されているものであれば特に限定されないが、潤滑性が優れている層状化合物またはふっ素樹脂を用いることが好ましい。
層状化合物としては、層状の結晶構造を有するもので、例えば、メラミンシアヌレート、二硫化モリブデン、窒化ホウ素、黒鉛、雲母、フッ化黒鉛などが好適である。
ふっ素樹脂としては、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、テトラフルオロエチレン・パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体(PFA)、テトラフルオロエチレン・ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(FEP)、テトラフルオロエチレン・エチレン共重合体(ETFE)、ポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVDF)、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン(PCTFE)等などが好適である。
これらの固体潤滑剤は単独又は2種以上混合して用いることができ、また、使用用途により適正な粒径のものを適宜選定して使用できるが、粒子直径が0.2~50μm、特には1~10μmのものが好ましい。
この固体潤滑剤の含有量は、グリース組成物の全量基準で、0.1~10質量%、特には0.2~5質量%とすることが好ましい。
金属石けん系増ちょう剤は、カルボン酸金属塩からなる増ちょう剤であり、カルボン酸はヒドロキシ基などを有するカルボン酸誘導体であってもよい。
カルボン酸は、ステアリン酸、アゼライン酸などの脂肪族カルボン酸でも、テレフタル酸などの芳香族カルボン酸でもよいが、1価または2価の脂肪族カルボン酸、特には炭素数6~20の脂肪族カルボン酸が用いられる。特には、炭素数12~20の1価脂肪族カルボン酸や炭素数6~14の2価脂肪族カルボン酸が好ましく用いられる。1個のヒドロキシル基を含む1価脂肪族カルボン酸が好ましい。
金属としては、リチウム、ナトリウムなどのアルカリ金属、カルシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属、アルミニウムのような両性金属でもよいが、アルカリ金属、特にはリチウムが好ましく用いられる。
このようなカルボン酸金属塩は、一種類でも複数の種類を混合して用いてもよい。例えば、12‐ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムとアゼライン酸リチウムの混合物は特に好ましい。
金属石けん系増ちょう剤の含有量は、所望のちょう度が得られれば良く、例えば、グリース組成物の全量基準で、好ましくは2~30質量%、さらに好ましくは5~15%である。
本発明のグリース組成物には、上記成分以外に、必要に応じて、一般に潤滑油やグリースに用いられている、清浄剤、分散剤、摩耗防止剤、粘度指数向上剤、酸化防止剤、極圧剤、防錆剤、腐食防止剤などを適宜添加することができる。
本発明のグリース組成物は、一般的なグリースの製造方法で作製できるが、アミド化合物を混合後に、その融点以上に一度加熱することが好ましい。
すなわち、アミド化合物と潤滑油基油をアミド化合物の融点以上に加熱して冷却後、固体潤滑剤と増ちょう剤と潤滑油基油からなる一般的なグリースと物理的に混合する方法でもよく、また、増ちょう剤を含む全ての成分を混合した後に、アミド化合物の融点以上に加熱して冷却することでもよい。
本発明のグリース組成物は、種々の樹脂製摺動部材と金属製摺動部材の潤滑に好適に用いられる。例えば、樹脂製摺動部材として、UL規格の長期耐熱温度が50~150℃を有する、ナイロン樹脂、ポリカーボネート(PC)樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)樹脂、ポリアセタール(POM)樹脂などであり、特にナイロンPA6樹脂が用いられている部材に好適で、また、金属製摺動部材として、軸受鋼、炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼(SUS)などであり、特に、軸受鋼SUJ‐2が用いられている部材に好適である。
(1)鉱油系潤滑油基油
・常圧蒸留残渣を減圧蒸留して得られた留出油を溶剤精製した潤滑油基油
40℃における動粘度;68mm2/s
15℃における密度;0.87g/cm3
粘度指数;100
流動点;-10℃
引火点;250℃
(a)ポリαオレフィン(INEOS社製Durasyn170)
40℃における動粘度;68mm2/s
15℃における密度:0.83g/cm3
粘度指数;133
流動点;-45℃
引火点;250℃
(b)ポリジメチルシロキサン(シリコーン油;信越化学社製KF‐96 50cs,100cs)
40℃における動粘度;68mm2/s
15℃における密度:0.96g/cm3
(c)直鎖型パーフルオロポリエーテル(フッ化油;ソルベイソレクシス社製FOMBLIN M15)
40℃における動粘度;85mm2/s
15℃における密度:1.83g/cm3
(1)脂肪族アミド
(a)エチレンビスステアリン酸アミド(特級試薬)
(b)エチレンビスオレイン酸アミド(特級試薬)
(c)ステアリン酸モノアミド(特級試薬)
(2)芳香族アミド
(a)m‐キシリレンビスステアリン酸アミド(特級試薬)
(1)メラミンシアヌレート(MCA、平均粒径;4μm、BASF社製MELAPUR MC25)
(2)二硫化モリブデン(平均粒径;0.5μm、ダイゾーニチモリ社製ニチモリM‐5パウダー)
(3)ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE、平均粒子径;4μm、喜多村社製KTL‐8N)
(4)窒化ホウ素(平均粒子径;2μm、水島合金鉄社製HP‐P1)
(5)酸化ケイ素(平均粒子径;35μm、特級試薬)
なお、平均粒子径は、レーザー光回折法により測定したものである。
(1)12‐ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウム(表では「ステアリン酸リチウム」と表記)
(2)12‐ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウムとアゼライン酸リチウムの複合体(混合割合は2:1)(表では「複合リチウム石けん」と表記)
5.他の添加剤
酸化防止剤としてジフェニルアミンを全てに添加した。
各成分を表1、表2に示す配合量(質量%で示す)で容器に入れ、150℃(アミドの融点以上)に加熱して、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌したのち、室温に冷却した。これをローラ(3本ロール)で加圧分散処理を行い、グリース組成物を調製した。
ボールとディスクの往復動摩擦試験機で評価試験を行った。金属摺動部材として、SUJ‐2の直径1/4インチ球及び樹脂製摺動部材として6ナイロンのプレート状のもの〔東洋プラスチック精工社製N6(NC)〕を用いた。
試験荷重は2000gf、摺動速度は10mm/s、振幅20mmとし、ディスクにグリースを塗布し、摺動させたときの摩擦係数と摩擦力の波形からスティックスリップの発生の有無を評価した(一方向に摺動中の摩擦力が一定でない場合にスティックスリップが発生しているとした)。
鉱油とリチウム石けん系増ちょう剤のみを配合した場合、摩擦係数が高く、スティックスリップの発生も確認された(比較例7)。
鉱油とリチウム石けん系増ちょう剤と固体潤滑剤のみを配合した場合、摩擦係数が僅かに低減、スティックスリップも若干低減されたが十分ではなかった(比較例1-6)。
鉱油とリチウム石けんと固体潤滑剤と脂肪族アミドを配合した場合、摩擦係数がさらに低減し、スティックスリップの発生も抑制された(実施例1-12)。
基油にシリコーン油やフッ化油を用いた場合、アミド化合物の融点以上に加熱しても、融解したアミド化合物と基油が2相に分離し、均一に溶解しなかった(比較例8、9)。そのためシリコーン油には酸化ケイ素を、フッ化油にはポリテトラフルオロエチレンを添加したが、不均一な仕上がりとなったため、摩擦試験は実施できなかった(比較例10、11)。
Claims (3)
- 15℃における密度が0.75~0.95g/cm3である潤滑油基油、アミド化合物、固体潤滑剤、及び金属石けん系増ちょう剤を含有するグリース組成物。
- 固体潤滑剤が、層状化合物またはふっ素樹脂からなる請求項1に記載のグリース組成物。
- アミド化合物が、モノアミドまたはビスアミドである請求項1に記載のグリース組成物。
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| KR1020147027506A KR102051689B1 (ko) | 2012-03-05 | 2013-03-01 | 그리스 조성물 |
| CN201380012539.2A CN104145011A (zh) | 2012-03-05 | 2013-03-01 | 润滑脂组合物 |
| EP13757011.5A EP2824166B1 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2013-03-01 | Grease composition |
| US14/382,846 US20150024980A1 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2013-03-01 | Grease composition |
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| US10774286B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2020-09-15 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Grease compositions with improved performance and methods of preparing and using the same |
| US11254892B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2022-02-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Grease composition |
| TWI862528B (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2024-11-21 | 美商陶氏全球科技有限責任公司 | 含有助滑劑之多層膜及層合物 |
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| AU2022397936B2 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2026-04-23 | Klueber Lubrication Muenchen Gmbh & Co. Kg | High-temperature grease |
| JP7843155B2 (ja) * | 2022-03-03 | 2026-04-09 | Eneos株式会社 | グリース組成物 |
| CN116218582B (zh) * | 2023-01-05 | 2025-02-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种汽车eps转向器蜗轮蜗杆润滑脂组合物及其应用 |
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- 2013-03-01 SG SG11201404820RA patent/SG11201404820RA/en unknown
- 2013-03-01 CN CN201380012539.2A patent/CN104145011A/zh active Pending
- 2013-03-01 WO PCT/JP2013/055623 patent/WO2013133148A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-03-01 KR KR1020147027506A patent/KR102051689B1/ko active Active
- 2013-03-01 EP EP13757011.5A patent/EP2824166B1/en active Active
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| US20170349854A1 (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2017-12-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Lubricant for gas insulated switchgear, and gas insulated switchgear |
| US10155916B2 (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2018-12-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Lubricant for gas insulated switchgear, and gas insulated switchgear |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2013181154A (ja) | 2013-09-12 |
| US20150024980A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
| CN104145011A (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
| KR20140129351A (ko) | 2014-11-06 |
| EP2824166A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| KR102051689B1 (ko) | 2019-12-03 |
| EP2824166B1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
| SG11201404820RA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
| JP5931509B2 (ja) | 2016-06-08 |
| EP2824166A4 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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