Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/40—Additives
  • C09D7/43—Thickening agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/03—Powdery paints
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/03—Powdery paints
  • C09D5/031—Powdery paints characterised by particle size or shape
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D101/00—Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
  • C09D101/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D103/00—Coating compositions based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
  • C09D103/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D105/00—Coating compositions based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09D101/00 or C09D103/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D189/00—Coating compositions based on proteins; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D189/00—Coating compositions based on proteins; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
  • C09D189/005—Casein
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
  • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
  • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives
  • C09D5/027—Dispersing agents

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process and a composition obtained from said process.
• this invention relates to the fields of architectural or decorative coatings and paints in general and, more particularly, to binder compositions within non-toxic paints made from protein and other natural materials in dry-powder form and improved methods for making the same, together with colouring pigments of a powdered or granulated form.
• the present invention relates to such binders within a dry-powder paint formulation as will combine with a variety of liquids and other materials to achieve a range of different surface finishes, textures and appearances.
• conventional paints are manufactured in liquid form to a pre-determined finish and texture.
• These paints comprise a binder (a 'glue-like' material), fillers, pigment and solvent liquids which are subsequently packaged for customers within a metal or plastic container.
• the ingredients of such paints typically include a number of materials derived from petrochemicals and other high-carbon sources, many of which are considered hazardous to the environment and/or human life.
• the ingredients comprise petroleum and synthetic chemicals and solvents that are combined with bactericides, surfactants and other additives. The presence of such materials has been linked to a range of serious pathological conditions and emissions can continue without noticeable signs for a considerable period after the product has been applied. Evaporation of the solvents within conventional paints can also cause shorter term distress to both humans and animals and is felt to be a trigger for headaches, migraines, breathing difficulties, asthma attacks and other health conditions.
• liquid paints advertised as 'low volatile organic compound (VOC)' and/or 'non-toxic to humans' may still contain solvents, bactericides and other ingredients harmful to the atmosphere, environment and other life forms, such as aquatic organisms.
• tolerable non-toxic paints can be produced from a range of earth minerals and natural materials in a dry-powder form to be mixed by the user with water and/or other liquids in the amounts required at time of use.
• Hardness of water is usually caused by dissolved salts, notably calcium carbonate, and can be measured in terms of mg/L on a Scale from 'soft' (0-60 mg/L) to 'very hard' (>181 mg/L). In practical terms, local water sources can vary from 10 ppm (parts per million) of calcium carbonate to over 1000 ppm.
• Alkalinity is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Pure water is neutral, with a pH close to 7.0 at 25 °C (77 °F). Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. Palatable drinking water usually has a pH level of around 8.5.
• pH determines the acidity or alkalinity of water, strictly speaking it is the quantity or ratio of two important molecules: the hydrogen ion (H+), responsible for acidity and the hydroxyl ion (OH-), which is responsible for alkalinity.
• Some substances release hydrogen ions, or cause hydrogen ions to be formed when they dissolve in water, while others release or create hydroxyl ions.
• ionization The process of molecules splitting apart to form ions is called ionization.
• water will contain both species of ions and the resultant pH is an indicator of which is the predominate ion.
• pH is determined by the relative quantities of the hydroxyl and hydrogen ions.
• the pH scale measures these ratios on a scale of 0 to 14.
• Very acidic solutions where the hydrogen ion predominates are measured as 0 on the scale.
• Very alkaline solutions in which hydroxyl ions predominate are 14 on the scale.
• the numbers of both species present are equal and therefore the water is neither acid nor alkaline - it is said to be neutral.
• the pH scale is a logarithmic measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ions, meaning that each one unit change in the scale equals a ten-fold increase or decrease. Therefore 8 is 10-times as alkaline as 7, while 9 is 100-times as alkaline. So, these seemingly small changes actually represent major changes in acidity or alkalinity. Each one unit increase in pH value represents a ten-fold increase in alkalinity
• Water accumulates many dissolved substances before it reaches our taps. Hardness is a measurement of the concentration of divalent metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc etc., usually acquired as rainwater percolates through rock. In most water it consist mainly of calcium and magnesium salts, with trace amounts of other metals.
• divalent metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc etc.
• hardness There are two types of hardness that we need to consider. The two types are permanent hardness and alkalinity (often referred to as carbonate or temporary hardness). The sum of both types of hardness is called the general or total hardness. Alkalinity refers to the hardness derived mainly from carbonate and bicarbonate ions and directly reflects the buffering capacity of the water. This form of hardness is also called carbonate hardness or temporary hardness because it can be precipitated and removed by boiling the water.
• Permanent hardness measures the ions such as nitrates, sulphates, and chlorides etc., that are not removed by boiling. Most of these are not involved with buffering but can affect pH values.
• hard water is usually well buffered while soft water is usually less well buffered.
• soft water is usually less well buffered.
• hard water that is poorly buffered i.e. water where permanent hardness predominates
• soft water that is well buffered i.e. water that has high levels of sodium or potassium carbonate, rather than calcium or magnesium.
• Test kits are readily available for measuring both types of hardness.
• the initial pH of water is determined by the type of dissolved compounds that it accumulates, although it may well be chemically altered by the water company before it reaches your tap.
• the most common buffering system is the carbon dioxide/ bicarbonate/ carbonate buffering system. Essentially it stabilizes pH by mopping up excess hydrogen ions and then releases them again as levels drop, so that the hydrogen concentration, and therefore the pH, stays fairly constant.
• carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid (H2CO).
• pH levels increase, that is the water becomes more alkaline then the carbonic acid dissociates to form bicarbonate and hydrogen ions (HCO 3" + H + ).
• Hydrogen ions are acidic-forming ions and will therefore counteract the alkalinity increase.
• the bicarbonate will dissociate to form solid carbonate and release yet more hydrogen ions (C0 3 2 ⁇ (solid) + 2H + ), to counteract the increased alkalinity.
• the buffering capacity of water depends on the total amount of bicarbonate and carbonate present. Water that has low levels of these ions will quickly exhaust its ability to counteract pH fluctuations.
• the carbonate content (measured in ppm) of the local water used to mix with dry- powder paint binders and paints, which contain minerals such as kaolin, chalk and talc, can already be at such a high level that precipitation of carbonate particles can occur, causing gritty texture to the paint and an unsatisfactory finish.
• a second is 'air-jet' milling where particles interact and collide with each other in powerful air streams. Both of these milling adaptations have proved unsatisfactory in the processing of the combined ingredients found in dry-powder binders and paints for a variety of reasons including: moisture retention, energy cost, pressure damage, heat generation, environmental impact or the time required to process cost effective quantities of product.
• the present invention provides a dry process for reducing a dry-powder binder of various particle sizes through cutting and slicing (shearing) actions. The action of shearing the materials described imposes less pressure and generates less friction and heat than other particle reduction methods.
• the present invention provides a water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition, said water conditioning component comprising:
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, said composition comprising:
• the present invention provides apaint comprising the water conditioning component according to the present invention or the composition of the present invention.
• the present invention provides a liquid paint wherein said liquid comprises a paint according to the present invention and a fluid vehicle.
• the present invention provides a coloured liquid paint obtained from mixing the composition of the present invention with a fluid vehicle; wherein the colour of the liquid paint is predominantly due to a colourant present in said composition.
• the present invention provides a coloured liquid paint obtained from mixing the composition of the present invention with a fluid vehicle; wherein the colour of the liquid paint is solely due to a colourant present in said composition.
• the present invention provides the use of the water conditioning component of the present invention to disperse a paint in a fluid vehicle.
• the present invention provides the use of the composition of the present invention to reduce the levels of volatile organic compounds in a paint.
• the presence of the water conditioning component yields a series of advantages. For example, it permits a better control of the progress of the gelling process of the paint. It also compensates pH variability in the user's mixing water. It also offsets the gradual deterioration in the 'activation' capabilities of the slaked lime (if used).
• Preferably said Group I metal halide is sodium chloride.
• said Group I metal carbonate is sodium carbonate.
• said degreaser is a Group I metal phosphate.
• said degreaser is a sodium phosphate.
• said degreaser is trisodium phosphate.
• said glucose-containing component is a disaccharide.
• said glucose-containing component is sucrose.
• composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm.
• said fluid vehicle is an aqueous solvent.
• said fluid vehicle is water.
• said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing the composition of the present invention, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a dry shearing process.
• the present invention also provides a composition obtainable from the method according to the present invention.
• the present invention also provides a paint comprising the composition according to the present invention.
• the present invention also provides a liquid paint comprising the composition according to the present invention.
• the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a paint according to the present invention.
• the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a liquid paint according to the present invention.
• the present invention also provides a coloured liquid paint obtained from mixing the composition of the present invention with a fluid vehicle; wherein the colour of the liquid paint is predominantly due to a colourant present in said composition.
• the present invention also provides a coloured liquid paint obtained from mixing the composition of the present invention or a composition obtainable from the method of the present invention with a fluid vehicle; wherein the colour of the liquid paint is at least predominantly due to a colourant present in said composition.
• the present invention also provides a coloured liquid paint obtained from mixing the composition of the present invention with a fluid vehicle; wherein the colour of the liquid paint is solely due to a colourant present in said composition.
• the present invention also provides a coloured liquid paint obtained from mixing the composition of the present invention or a composition obtainable from the method of the present invention with a fluid vehicle; wherein the colour of the liquid paint is in part or totally due to a colourant added to said fluid vehicle, said colourant being distinct from said composition.
• the present invention also provides a method of applying a paint according to the present invention to a surface.
• the present invention also provides a method of applying a liquid paint according to the present invention to a surface.
• the present invention also provides use of the composition according to the present invention to reduce the levels of volatile organic compounds in a paint.
• the present invention also provides use of the composition according to the present invention to reduce the levels of volatile organic compounds in a liquid paint.
• the present invention also provides for the use of a paper based container containing the composition of the present invention or a composition obtainable from the method according to the present invention.
• the container may be a sachet, pouch or wallet.
• the container may be a box.
• the paper based element may be paper or cardboard, or combinations thereof.
• the composition of the present invention or a composition obtainable from the method according to the present invention may be held in a plastic or wax lined container - such as a bag - in the paper based container.
• Advantages of the present invention are that it leads to improvements in the production of a dry-powder paint binder composition that is non-toxic dry-powder paint that may be subsequently mixed with a variety of fluid vehicles to form a paint that may be applied to different surfaces and/or to yields different finishes, textures and appearances.
• the present invention also provides a method for making a dry-powder paint binder composition with reduced time and energy consumption.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, said composition comprising: a) a protein; b) a polysaccharide; c) an emulsifier; and d) a thickening ingredient; and a water conditioning component; wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 ⁇
• the present invention also provides a paint, preferably a liquid paint, comprising said composition.
• said paint also comprises a colorant.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, said composition comprising: a) a protein; b) a polysaccharide; c) an emulsifier; and d) a thickening ingredient; and a water conditioning component; wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 ⁇ ; and wherein said composition or at least a part thereof is prepared by subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process.
• the present invention also provides a paint, preferably a liquid paint, comprising said composition.
• said paint also comprises a colorant.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, said composition comprising: a) a protein; b) a polysaccharide; c) an emulsifier; and d) a thickening ingredient; and a water conditioning component; wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 m; wherein said composition or at least a part thereof is prepared by subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process; and wherein said shearing process uses an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft and further wherein said horizontal blades are rotatable in the horizontal plane about said vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• the present invention also provides a paint, preferably a liquid paint, comprising said composition.
• said paint also comprises a colorant.
• the binder composition disperses more quickly and yields a smoother product. It also has improved covering power on normal decorating surfaces. It does not agglomerate in solution. It retards gelling. It maintains a usable pot life of 2-3 days or more. It maintains a pH level sufficiently high to act as a mildewcide. It does not separate, stratify or settle out overnight. It enables a uniform distribution of coloured particles, meaning that the resultant paint is non streaky or blotchy.
• Figure 1 is a diagram of a shearing mechanism for use in the present invention.
• Figure 2 is a graph.
• Figure 3 is a graph.
• Figure 4 is a graph.
• Figure 5 is a photographic image.
• Figure 6 is a photographic image.
• Figure 7 is a photographic image.
• Figure 8 is a photographic image. ADDITIONAL PREFERRED ASPECTS
• said protein is a protein derived from milk.
• said protein is casein.
• said protein is acid casein.
• said polysaccharide is a glucose polymer.
• said polysaccharide is dextrin.
• said emulsifier comprises at least one phospholipid moiety.
• said emulsifier is lecithin.
• said emulsifier is soy lecithin.
• said thickening ingredient is a fibrous material.
• said thickening ingredient is a carbohydrate-based fibrous material.
• said thickening ingredient is a glucose polymer.
• said thickening ingredient is a cellulosic material.
• said thickening ingredient is cellulose.
• said composition further comprises a preservative.
• said preservative is a fungicidal preservative.
• said preservative is independently selected from zinc oxide, potassium sorbate or borax, or combinations thereof.
• said composition further comprises an antifoaming ingredient.
• said antifoaming ingredient is clay, such as bentonite.
• said composition further comprises a water conditioning component.
• the water conditioning component is sometimes referred to as a dispersant.
• the composition of the present invention is prepared by subjecting the
• said shearing process is driven by electrical or mechanical means.
• said shearing process is uses an apparatus with blades.
• said apparatus comprises horizontal and vertical blades.
• vertical blades are fluted.
• said vertical blades contain spiral fluting.
• said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located away from the horizontal blades.
• said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft and further wherein said horizontal blades are rotatable in the horizontal plane about said vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• said composition is present in the paint in an amount from about 10% to about 50% by weight.
• said composition is present in the paint in an amount from about 14.45% to about 38.2% by weight.
• said composition is present in the paint in an amount from about 15.5% to about 32% by weight.
• said paint is in a dry powder state.
• said paint further comprises one or more of: a pigment; an activator; a filler mixture.
• a pigment is present and wherein said pigment is a granulated pigment.
• a pigment is present and wherein said pigment is an organic or inorganic pigment.
• a pigment is present and wherein said pigment is independently selected from the list: ochres, oxides, dioxides, umbers, vegetable dyes and naturally occurring earth pigments.
• a pigment is present and wherein said pigment is present in an amount from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight.
• an activator is present and wherein said activator is a binder activating material.
• an activator is present and wherein said activator is independently selected from the list: calcium hydroxide, ammonium carbonate and borax.
• an activator is present and wherein said activator is present in an amount from about 1 % to about 10% by weight.
• a filler mixture is present and wherein said filler mixture is a mineral filler mixture.
• a filler mixture is present and wherein said filler mixture is independently selected from the list: kaolin, talc, barites, dolomites, clays, marbles such as marble dust, silicates such as magnesium silicate, carbonates such as calcium carbonate (chalk) or other white inert materials
• a filler mixture is present and wherein said filler mixture is present in an amount from about 50% to about 70% by weight.
• said fluid vehicle is an aqueous solvent, preferably water.
• said liquid paint further comprises one or more fluid paint excipients, additional diluents or additional carriers.
• said excipient, diluent or carrier is independently selected from the list: water, wax emulsions, beeswax emulsion, gums, glues, linseed oil, safflower oil and tung oil, or combinations thereof.
• the composition of the present invention that is suitable for use as a paint binder, wherein said composition comprises at least a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient is prepared by shearing.
• a shearing process such as the process described herein, one or more of the components of the composition are sheared until the particles in a dry state have a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the composition of the present invention that is suitable for use as a paint binder, wherein said composition comprises at least a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient is prepared by shearing.
• a shearing process such as the process described herein, at least two components of the composition are sheared until the particles in a dry state have a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the composition of the present invention that is suitable for use as a paint binder, wherein said composition comprises at least a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient is prepared by shearing.
• a shearing process such as the process described herein, at least three components of the composition are sheared until the particles in a dry state have a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the composition of the present invention that is suitable for use as a paint binder, wherein said composition comprises at least a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient is prepared by shearing.
• a shearing process such as the process described herein, at least four components of the composition are sheared until the sheared particles in a dry state have a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the composition of the present invention that is suitable for use as a paint binder, wherein said composition comprises at least a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient is prepared by shearing, lin a shearing process, such as the process described herein, substantially all of the components of the composition are sheared until the particles in a dry state have a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm. In some embodiments it is preferred that the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the composition of the present invention that is suitable for use as a paint binder, wherein said composition comprises at least a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient is prepared by shearing.
• a shearing process such as the process described herein, all of the components of the composition are sheared until the particles in a dry state have a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• paint binder compositions comprising a mixture of a source of protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and thickening ingredient and having homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 ⁇ , preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about or more than about 75 pm (in some embodiments it is preferred that the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm) have advantageous properties.
• advantageous properties include easier and more tolerant mixing with liquids; better adherence; more consistent finish; and lower energy consumption in the manufacture and usage of such products.
• phospholipid-based emulsifiers such as soy lecithin act beneficially upon the chemical reaction between the casein protein and its activating material, believing it to break down the fat components within the casein and reducing its propensity to agglomerate and clump when mixed with water.
• thickening ingredients such as cellulose fibres reduce the tendency of the final paint product to separate, run and splatter when applied to vertical or horizontal surfaces with normal paint application tools, and also reduce or prevent cracking of the dried paint surface.
• polysaccharide such as dextrin increases the dispersion and adherence of the pigment component in application of the paint and reduces any initial rubbing off of the paint product prior to the curing of the paint product through evaporation and carbonisation. It has been unexpectedly found that the performance of the overall paint produced is measurably enhanced when the said binder components are mixed, ground to micron fineness prior to inclusion with other components of a dry-powder paint. It has been unexpectedly found that such binder may be used in various proportions with other materials to produce a dry-powder paint that combines satisfactorily with a range of liquids to produce an acceptable quality of paint which produces, or can be caused to produce, different surface finishes, appearances and textures after drying.
• the present invention provides a composition useful as a paint binder made from natural and non-toxic materials.
• compositions useful as a paint binder comprising a mixture of a source of protein, a polysaccharide, an emuisifier and thickening ingredient. Methods of making these compositions by subjecting the components to a dry shearing process/micronising milling are also provided.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention is made in a way which can be combined with a variety of dry mineral fillers, other ingredients and colourants of various types to make a dry decorating paint powder.
• the present invention provides a novel development in the manufacture of powdered paint binder compositions made from protein and natural materials. Also provided is the incorporation of such binder compositions with fillers, pigments and other materials in the production of a dry-powder paint, to be mixed with liquids in order to form a usable and durable architectural and decorative coating material.
• the paint binder composition may be manufactured in a variety of ways by grinding individual ingredients to an acceptable particle size and then mixing by a tumbling or ribbon mixing process. Alternatively individual components thereof can be batched and combined for intermediate processing and then subsequently mixed with the other ingredients. Alternatively, the components of the paint binder composition of the present invention together with one or more, preferably all, of the other components - such as fillers, additives, colourants and water conditioning components - can be processed separately or alternatively combined together for satisfactory particle reduction and milling in one stage through the use of a dry shearing process, such as a dry shearing process comprising the use of a rotary blade processor, such as the device described herein.
• a dry shearing process such as a dry shearing process comprising the use of a rotary blade processor, such as the device described herein.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention can be packaged and sealed into a wide range of moisture-preventative containers, distributed to customers and subsequently mixed with a suitable fluid vehicle, such as water, such as locally supplied water to make a decorating paint.
• a suitable fluid vehicle such as water, such as locally supplied water to make a decorating paint.
• the paint binder composition powder can also be mixed with a combination of water and other liquids to vary the paint surface appearance and performance.
• additional ingredients may be added to the fluid vehicle before, during or after addition, or combinations thereof, of the paint binder composition of the present invention to the fluid vehicle. These additional ingredients may include fillers, additives, colourants and water conditioning components.
• the dry mineral fillers mixed with the paint binder composition can include clays, kaolin, talcs, carbonates, barites, dolomites, marbles, etc.
• the colouring materials mixed with the paint binder composition can include natural and synthetic pigments in a variety of dry forms.
• these colouring materials may either be combined with all other ingredients at point of manufacture, or supplied separately to be combined by the customer with the mixing water before addition of the paint powder.
• the range of colouring components can be extended to include liquid dyes and pigments.
• the paint binder composition and paint powder may also contain additives and agents which provide additional paint capabilities such as thickening, anti-mould, improved slip, faster drying, etc.
• the paint binder composition and paint powder may also contain a water conditioning component to offset the effect of variations found in local water hardness and alkalinity.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention is mixed with a suitable fluid vehicle and a colourant so as to yield a paint - such as a decorating paint - that is ready for use.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention when mixed with just a suitable fluid vehicle, yields a paint - such as a decorating paint - that is ready for use.
• the present invention relates to the development of a soluble powder paint water conditioning component being an additive composition to aid the dispersion of powder paint binders and powder paints in water of unknown hardness and alkalinity.
• the present invention provides a water conditioning component suitable for use with a paint binder composition, said paint binder composition comprising a source of protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and a thickening ingredient, wherein said water conditioning component comprises a Group I metal halide, a Group I metal carbonate and/or Group I hydrogen carbonate, a degreaser and a glucose-containing component.
• water conditioning components of the present invention consist of a mixed and ground powder material comprising varying quantities and combinations of sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and a disaccharide, sucrose.
• the resulting powder contains particles of uniform composition and which will pass through a 200 mesh sieve.
• the water conditioning component can be pre-dissolved in the mixing water for such paints or included as a fine ground powder with the paint product, to aid dispersion of powder paint binders and paints in water of variable hardness and alkalinity.
• the percentage of this water conditioning component to be added to powder paint binder and powdered paint products can be varied from 1 to 10%.
• the beneficial effect of the water conditioning component can be understood as follows.
• a common method for water softening involves the use of ion exchange resins, which replace ions like Ca 2+ by twice the number of monovalent cations such as sodium or potassium ions.
• the action of Group I halides and Group I carbonates or Group I hydrogen carbonates will provide an ionic balance to the mixing water.
• Group I halides suitable for use in the present water conditioning component may include lithium fluoride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium iodide, sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, rubidium fluoride, rubidium chloride, rubidium bromide, rubidium iodide, caesium fluoride, caesium chloride, caesium bromide and caesium iodide.
• a particularly preferred Group I halide is sodium chloride.
• Group I carbonates suitable for use in the present invention may include lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, rubidium carbonate and caesium carbonate.
• a particularly preferred Group I carbonate is sodium carbonate.
• Group I hydrogen carbonates suitable for use in the present invention may include lithium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, rubidium hydrogen carbonate and caesium hydrogen carbonate.
• the presence of a mono- or disaccharide will increase the temperature range at which possible denaturation of the protein will take place.
• the nature of the mono- or disaccharide is not particularly critical.
• the monosaccharide may have the D- or L-configuration.
• the monosaccharide may be an aldose or ketose.
• the monosaccharide may have 3 to 8, preferably 4 to 6, more preferably 5 or 6, carbon atoms.
• the monosaccharide is a hexose (i.e.
• the monosaccharide is a pentose (i.e it has 5 carbon atoms), such as ribose, arabinose, xylose or lyxose.
• Disaccharides of the present invention comprise two monosaccharide moieties joined together by glycoside bonds.
• the monosaccharide moieties which form the disaccharide may be the same or different, and may each independently have the D- or L- configuration.
• the monosaccharide moieties which form the disaccharide may each independently be aldose or ketose moieties, and may have the same or different numbers of carbon atoms.
• each monosaccharide moiety may have 3 to 8, preferably 4 to 6, and more preferably 5 or 6, carbon atoms.
• the monosaccharide moieties which form the disaccharide are hexose moieties, examples of which include aldohexoses such as glucose, galactose, allose, altrose, mannose, gulose, idose and talose and ketohexoses such as fructose and sorbose.
• the hexose moieties of such a disaccharide include one or more glucose moieties.
• both hexose moieties of such a disaccharide are glucose moieties.
• the monosaccharide moieties which form the disaccharide are pentose moieties such as ribose, arabinose, xylose or lyxose.
• the monosaccharide moieties which form the disaccharide are joined together by glycoside bonds.
• the glycoside bonds may be 1-a, 1'-a glycoside bonds, 1 ,2'-glycoside bonds (which may be 1-a-2' or V— 2' glycoside bonds), 1 ,3'-glycoside bonds (which may be 1-a-3' or 1-13-3'-glycoside bonds), 1 ,4'- glycoside bonds (which may be 1-a-4' or 1- ⁇ -4'-glycoside bonds), 1 ,6'-glycoside bonds (which may be 1-a-6' or 1— 6'-glycoside bonds), or any combination thereof.
• disaccharides examples include maltose, isomaltose, isomaltulose, lactose, sucrose, cellobiose, nigerose, kojibiose, trehalose and trehalulose.
• a particularly preferred disaccharide is sucrose.
• the water conditioning components of the present invention suitably comprise a degreaser.
• a degreaser it is meant a substance that will saponify quantities of oils, grease, fats or tallow present in solution.
• the degreaser of the present invention is a sodium phosphate.
• sodium phosphates include trisodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium aluminium phosphate.
• the water conditioning component may be combined with such granulated or 'stir-in' pigments in advance and provided as a separate or additional product to be combined with the paint binder and dry paint powder.
• the water conditioning component and granulated pigments may be added to the mixing water and dispersed simultaneously or in advance of the addition of the paint binder and dry paint powder.
• the present invention provides compositions useful as a paint binder comprising a mixture of a protein, a polysaccharide, an emulsifier and thickening ingredient.
• Binder compositions of the present invention are formulated and manufactured to be combined with a variety of fillers, pigments and additives to produce a non-toxic dry-powder paint which will combine satisfactorily with a range of liquids to produce durable, attractive and varied paint finishes and appearances on a range of surfaces and substrates.
• the binder of the present invention is made up of components that include a source of protein, a polysaccharide and other materials and techniques that have become more recently available such as an emulsifier, a thickening ingredient and the process of micronising milling.
• compositions of the present invention typically include one or more proteins.
• Proteins suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include proteins derived from milk.
• Preferred sources of protein include casein.
• compositions of the present invention typically include one or more polysaccharide.
• Polysaccharides suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include starch- based polysaccharides.
• Preferred starch-based polysaccharides include dextrins.
• compositions of the present invention typically include one or more emulsifiers.
• Emulsifiers suitable for use in compositions of the present invention include biologically natural emulsifiers.
• Preferred biologically natural emulsifiers include phospholipid compounds or a mixture of phospholipids.
• Preferred phospholipids are phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), such as soy lecithin.
• compositions of the present invention typically include one or more thickening ingredients.
• Thickening ingredients suitable for use in compositions of the present invention include fibrous materials.
• Preferred fibrous materials include polysaccharides such as cellulose.
• the present invention provides a process for reducing a dry-powder binder particle size through cutting and slicing (shearing) actions.
• the action of shearing the materials described imposes less pressure and generates less friction and heat than other particle reduction methods.
• the four principal components are provided in specific quantities and are mixed and processed prior to inclusion with other ingredients of a nontoxic dry-powder paint. Although these are four of the ingredients, other components that are compatible with these four may be added if desired.
• each individual component of the paint binder composition and other paint ingredients e.g. filler, colourant, activator
• each component is subsequently mixed together.
• any two or more components of the paint binder composition or other paint ingredients are sheared together, and then subsequently mixed with other sheared or non-sheared components of the paint binder composition. In an alternative aspect, all components of the paint binder composition and other paint ingredients are sheared together.
• colourants - sometimes called pigments - to be included in the present invention may be from those supplied in powder or granulated form. Where incorporated in granulated form such pigments, sometimes known as 'stir-in' pigments, may be included with both the paint binder and dry paint powder.
• the colourants may include natural and/or synthetic pigments in a variety of dry forms.
• suitable granulated pigment preparations are of a type that are commercially available, for example, those by BASF under the trademark "X-Fast®”", by Lanxess Deutschland GmbH under the trademark “LEVANYL® Gran” and “LEVANOX® Gran”, by Clariant under the trademark “Colanyl®400 Reibe” and by Rockwood Pigments (Brockhues) and the trademark "Granufin®”.
• the colourants can be present in the paint binder composition of the present invention and/or they can be added before or during or after addition, or combinations thereof, of the of the paint binder composition of the present invention to a suitable fluid vehicle.
• the colourants may either be combined with all other ingredients at the point of manufacture, or supplied separately to be combined by the customer with the mixing water before addition of the paint powder. In the latter option the range of colouring components can be extended to include liquid dyes and pigments.
• Such granulated pigments may first be dissolved in the mixing water or other liquid to be mixed with the paint binder and dry paint powder which is manufactured from said paint binder.
• the colourant may be added to the paint binder composition before, during or after the dry shearing process.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention need not necessarily contain a colourant
• the colourant may be added into a fluid vehicle.
• the colourant may be added to the fluid vehicle either before, during or after the addition of the paint binder composition to the fluid vehicle.
• homogeneous particle size means that at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, more preferably at least 98%, more preferably at least 99%, of the particles have a size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm.
• the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the term "homogeneous particle size” means that at least 95%, more preferably at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, more preferably at least 98%, more preferably at least 99%, of the particles have a size of less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm. In some embodiments it is preferred that the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• the term “homogeneous particle size” means that at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, more preferably at least 98%, more preferably at least 99%, of the particles have a size of less than about 80 ⁇ , preferably about 75 ⁇ . In some embodiments it is preferred that the homogeneous particle size of said composition in a dry state is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• homogeneous particle size means that at least 96%, more preferably at least 97%, more preferably at least 98%, more preferably at least 99%, of the particles have a size of about 75 pm.
• Dries within 1-2 hours and rooms can be reused immediately
• Residues are biodegradable and can be safely composted with normal garden materials.
• a resulting protein binder composition will combine and thicken with water at a 10°C Celsius lower temperature than previously necessary thereby resulting in reduced energy requirements and mixing time by the user of the product. It has been found that the resulting paint product produces a paint which has 15% improved adhesion properties when measured by the cross hatch adhesion test.
• the main advantage is the ability to mix the hydrophilic granular pigments in the mixing water before adding the paint powder and thereby producing a paint of a known colour.
• These 'dry' uses of granular pigments will not work with untreated pigments because they require pre-slaking with alcohol or pre-mixing into a paste. All the other established uses of the granular pigments are either pre-combined with the paint material or added to the finished liquid paint.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that has a favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved (e.g. reduced) dissolving time.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that has a favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved (e.g. reduced) time to reach a suitable viscosity level.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved smoothness (using BS3900-D5 parameters).
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved adhesion using BS2409, BS3900-E6 parameters.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved hiding power.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved spreading rate.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved surface drying rate (as per BS3900-C2).
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved reflectivity (as per BS3900-D5).
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or improved and/or longer pot life.
• the present invention provides a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved opacity on normal decorating surfaces.
• the present invention provides a combination of a composition suitable for use as a paint binder, or a component thereof, and a water conditioning component that yields a paint that has favourable and/or beneficial and/or improved and/or extended pot life and produces an acceptable and stable paint when mixed with water samples of a wide range of pH levels - such as from about pH 4.5 to about pH 12, such as from about pH 5 to about pH 12, such as from about pH 5.5 to about pH 11.5, such as about pH 5.5 or about pH 7.8 or about pH 11.5.
• pH levels such as from about pH 4.5 to about pH 12, such as from about pH 5 to about pH 12, such as from about pH 5.5 to about pH 11.5, such as about pH 5.5 or about pH 7.8 or about pH 11.5.
• Typical paint products in particular architectural paint products, comprise the following four main constituents:
• a 'binder' which acts as an adhesive of itself and/or to other materials to the painted surface.
• the 'binder' component may also include small quantities of additives - for example additives that are used to reduce liquid foaming, or to inhibit mould growth.
• additives for example additives that are used to reduce liquid foaming, or to inhibit mould growth.
• 'Pigments' or colouring materials of natural and/or synthetic sources which are capable of reflecting light of particular hue to a typical viewer.
• the carrier fluid which may constitute up to 75% of the total paint product, will typically evaporate into the atmosphere on application leaving behind the dry paint film adhering to the surface.
• constituent 1 is present.
• constituent 2 may be present in the paint binder composition of the present invention or constituent 3 may be present in the paint binder composition of the present invention.
• constituent 2 may be present in the paint binder composition of the present invention and constituent 3 may be present in the paint binder composition of the present invention.
• a water conditioning component is present.
• constituent 4 i.e. the fluid vehicle - typically water
• constituent 4 is added by the customer or end user.
• the formulation of the present invention can cope with varying user mixing methods, tap water temperatures, local alkalinity and hardness.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention comprises at least: a protein; a polysaccharide; an emulsifier; and a thickening ingredient. Together, the paint binder composition and the fluid vehicle (e.g. water) produce the resultant liquid paint.
• paint binder composition may be present in the paint binder composition - such as a further water conditioning component and/or colourants.
• a water conditioning component and/or a colourant may be added together or separately to a fluid vehicle, either before, during or after addition of the paint binder composition to said fluid vehicle.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention comprises a water conditioning component and/or a colourant.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention comprises a water conditioning component and a colourant.
• the composition of the present invention suitable for use as a paint binder of the present invention comprises a polysaccharide; an emulsifier; a thickening ingredient; and one or more of: one or more enhance slip agents, one or more additional adhesion agents, one or more antifoaming ingredients, one or more biocides or fungicides (e.g. agents that prevent mould), one or more activators, one or more colourants, one or more fillers, one or more extenders, one or more additional water conditioning agents.
• a preferred composition of the present invention suitable for use as a paint binder of the present invention comprises the following ingredients/components (% values shown are with respect to these four components only): 80-90% by weight casein protein or other protein powder
• soy lecithin or other emulsifier 2-5% by weight soy lecithin or other emulsifier
• a preferred composition of the present invention suitable for use as a paint binder of the present invention comprises the following ingredients/components:
• a preferred composition of the present invention suitable for use as a paint binder of the present invention comprises the following ingredients/components and in the following amounts: Component Amounts
• Zinc Oxide 0.5 to 2% - such as about 1.2%
• a preferred composition of the present invention suitable for use as a paint binder of the present invention comprises the following ingredients/components and in the following amounts:
• the filler/extender products are selected to provide opacity and durability to the finished product.
• a water conditioning component is included in the composition of the present invention suitable for use as a paint binder of the present invention. Such a component maintains performance against a wide range of variation in the hardness and alkalinity of the user supplied tap water.
• the water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition comprises one or more of a Group I metal halide; a Group I metal carbonate; a degreaser; and a glucose-containing component.
• the degreaser is a sodium phosphate, such as trisodium phosphate.
• the water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition comprises two or more of a Group I metal halide; a Group I metal carbonate; a degreaser; and a glucose-containing component.
• the degreaser is a sodium phosphate, such as trisodium phosphate.
• the water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition comprises three or more of a Group I metal halide; a Group I metal carbonate; a degreaser; and a glucose-containing component.
• the degreaser is a sodium phosphate, such as trisodium phosphate.
• the water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition comprises a Group I metal halide; a Group I metal carbonate; a degreaser; and a glucose-containing component.
• the degreaser is a sodium phosphate, such as trisodium phosphate.
• An example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises one or more Group I metal halides.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of Group I metal halides in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• a preferred example of a Group I metal halide is sodium chloride.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of sodium chloride in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• An example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises one or more Group I metal carbonates.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of Group I metal carbonates in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• a preferred example of a Group I metal carbonate is sodium carbonate.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of sodium carbonate in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• An example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises one or more Group I metal phosphates.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of Group I metal phosphates in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• a preferred example of a Group I metal phosphate is sodium phosphate.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of sodium phosphate in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• An example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises one or more glucose containing components.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of glucose containing components in said in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• the glucose-containing component is a disaccharide.
• a preferred example of a glucose containing component is sucrose.
• a preferred example of such a preferred water conditioning component is wherein the % by weight of sucrose in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• An example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises the following components: one of more Group I metal halides, one or more Group I metal carbonates, one or more Group I metal phosphates, and one or more glucose containing components.
• An example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises the following components: one of more Group I metal halides, one or more Group I metal carbonates, one or more Group I metal phosphates, and one or more glucose containing components, wherein the % by weight of Group I metal halides in said water conditioning component is up to 50%, wherein the % by weight of Group I metal carbonates in said water conditioning component is up to 50%, wherein the % by weight of Group I metal phosphates in said water conditioning component is up to 50%, wherein the % by weight of glucose containing components in said in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• a preferred example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises the following components: sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sucrose.
• a preferred example of a preferred water conditioning component comprises the following components sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sucrose, wherein the % by weight of sodium chloride in said water conditioning component is up to 50%, wherein the % by weight of sodium carbonate in said water conditioning component is up to 50%, wherein the % by weight of sodium phosphate in said water conditioning component is up to 50%, wherein the % by weight of sucrose in said water conditioning component is up to 50%.
• a preferred example of a water conditioning component comprises the following ingredients/components:
• a preferred example of a water conditioning component comprises the following ingredients/components and in the following amounts:
• a preferred example of a water conditioning component comprises the following ingredients/components and in the following amounts:
• Paint ingredients such as colourant and/or additional water conditioning component materials, may be added to the water just before, during or after, as well as any combination thereof, addition of the paint binder composition of the present invention to the fluid vehicle (e.g. water).
• the fluid vehicle e.g. water
• a water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition comprising: a) a Group I metal halide;
• a water conditioning component according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said degreaser is a Group I metal phosphate. 7. A water conditioning component according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said degreaser is a sodium phosphate. 8. A water conditioning component according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said degreaser is trisodium phosphate.
• a water conditioning component according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said glucose-containing component is a disaccharide.
• composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm.
• said protein is casein, preferably acid casein.
• polysaccharide is a glucose polymer.
• said emulsifier comprises at least one phospholipid moiety.
• said emulsifier is lecithin, preferably soy lecithin.
• compositions according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said composition further comprises a colourant.
• said colourant is a pigment.
• said colourant is a granulated pigment.
• said colourant is an organic or inorganic pigment.
• compositions according to any one of paragraphs 19 to 22 wherein said colourant is selected from the list: ochres, oxides, dioxides, umbers, vegetable dyes and naturally occurring earth pigments.
• compositions according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said composition further comprises a thickening ingredient
• compositions according to any one of the preceding paragraphs wherein said thickening ingredient is a fibrous material.
• compositions according to paragraph 25 wherein said thickening ingredient is a carbohydrate-based fibrous material.
• compositions according to paragraph 25 or paragraph 26 wherein said thickening ingredient is a glucose polymer.
• compositions according to any one of paragraphs 25 to 27 wherein said thickening ingredient is a cellulosic material is a combination of a water conditioning component and a paint binder composition
• said thickening ingredient is cellulose
• a method of manufacturing a water conditioning component of paragraph 1 comprising mixing all components of paragraph 1.
• a paint comprising the composition of any one of paragraphs 12 to 35 or paragraph 37.
• a colourant is present and wherein said colourant is present in an amount from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight.
• a method of manufacturing a paint of any one of paragraphs 38 to 51 comprising subjecting said water conditioning component and/or other dry paint components to a shearing process.
• a method according to paragraph 52 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process driven by electrical or mechanical means.
• 54 A method according to paragraph 52 or paragraph 53, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus with blades.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 52 to 54 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 52 to 55 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades are fluted.
• a method according to any one of paragraph 52 to 56 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 52 to 57 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located away from the horizontal blades.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 52 to 58 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 52 to 59 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft and further wherein said horizontal blades are rotatable in the horizontal plane about said vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 52 to 60 comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using the apparatus (1) as shown in Figure 1.
• a liquid paint comprising the paint of any one of paragraphs 38 to 51 or paragraph 62 and a fluid vehicle.
• kits comprising a water conditioning component of any one of paragraphs 1 to 10 and a paint binder composition of paragraph 11.
• 73 A kit comprising a combination of a water conditioning component and a paint binder composition according to paragraphs 12 to 35 or paragraph 37.
• a kit comprising a paint according to any one of paragraphs 38 to 51 or paragraph 62.
• 75. A composition suitable for use as a paint dispersant substantially as described herein and with reference to the Examples.
• composition suitable for use as a paint binder substantially as described herein and with reference to the Examples.
• a composition suitable for use as a paint binder comprising:
• composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm, preferably less than about 90 pm, preferably less than about 80 pm, preferably about 75 pm. In some embodiments it is preferred that the homogeneous particle size of the composition suitable for use as a paint binder is between about 75 pm to about 100 pm.
• composition according to paragraph 1 wherein said protein is a protein derived from milk.
• composition according to paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 wherein said protein is casein, such as acid casein.
• a paint according to paragraph 8a, 8b or 8c wherein said colourant is an organic or inorganic pigment.
• a paint according to paragraph 8a, 8b, 8c or 8d wherein said colourant is selected from the list: ochres, oxides, dioxides, umbers, vegetable dyes and naturally occurring earth pigments.
• composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 10 wherein said thickening ingredient is a glucose polymer. 12. A composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 11 wherein said thickening ingredient is a cellulosic material.
• composition according to paragraph 14 wherein said preservative is a fungicidal preservative.
• composition according to paragraph 17 wherein said antifoaming ingredient is clay, such as bentonite.
• 20. A method of manufacturing the composition of any one paragraphs 1 to 19, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process.
• 21. A method according to paragraph 20, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process driven by electrical or mechanical means.
• a method according to paragraph 20 or paragraph 21, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus with blades.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 20 to 25, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located away from the horizontal blades.
• a method according to any one of paragraphs 20 to 26, comprising subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process using an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• composition obtainable from the method according to any one of paragraphs 20 to 29.
• a paint comprising the composition of any one of paragraphs 1 to 19 or a composition of paragraph 30.
• a paint according to paragraph 31 wherein said composition is present in the paint in an amount from about 14.45% to about 38.2% by weight.
• a method of manufacturing a paint of any one of paragraphs 31 to 44 comprising subjecting said components to further iterations of a shearing process of paragraphs 20 to 32.
• a method of manufacturing a paint of any one of paragraphs 31 to 44 comprising pre- mixing said components for a period of between 10 to 20 minutes and further subjecting said components to further iterations of a shearing process of paragraphs 20 to 29.
• a liquid paint comprising the paint of any one of paragraphs 31 to 44 or a paint according to paragraph 47 and a fluid vehicle.
• said excipient, diluent or carrier is independently selected from the list: water, wax emulsions, beeswax emulsion, gums, glues, linseed oil, safflower oil and tung oil, or combinations thereof.
• a method of manufacturing a liquid paint of any one of paragraphs 48 to 51 comprising mixing the components of a paint according to any one of paragraphs 31 to 44 or paragraph 47 with one or more paint excipients, diluents or carriers according paragraphs 49 to 51.
• composition of any one of paragraphs 1 to 19 or composition of paragraph 31 to reduce the levels of volatile organic compounds in a paint, preferably the paint of any one of paragraphs 31 to 44 or paragraph 47.
• composition of any one of paragraphs 1 to 19 or composition of paragraph 31 to reduce the levels of volatile organic compounds in a liquid paint, preferably the paint of any one of paragraphs 48 to 51 or paragraph 53.
• composition suitable for use as a paint binder substantially as described herein and with reference to the Examples.
• a method of manufacturing said specific paint binder composition for use in manufacturing the said dry powder paint comprising the steps of: providing casein protein, providing soy lecithin, providing dextrin; providing cellulose fibres and combining and subsequently shearing particles to a fineness of between 60-80 microns through a horizontal high speed shearing operation of not less than 30 and not more than 300 seconds duration.
• a method of manufacturing said dry powder paint comprising the steps of: providing said specific binder compound; providing filler mixture; providing pigment; providing preservative; providing anti-foaming materials; providing water conditioning component (such as a dispersant); providing activator and processing thoroughly in a vortex creating horizontal cutter for a period of not less than 60 and not more than 300 seconds whereas the finished material will pass through a mesh containing 200 holes per square inch.
• a liquid paint comprising the paint binder composition and dry-powder paint according to any paragraphs 1 to 23 and one or more liquids.
• liquid(s) is (are) selected from: water; beeswax emulsion; other wax emulsions; gums; glues; linseed oil; safflower oil; sunflower oil; tung oil.
• a method comprising the mixing procedure of paint binder and dry powder paint compositions produced according to paragraphs 2-23 with one or more liquids.
• a method comprising applying the liquid paint according to paragraphs 23 and 24 to a surface.
• An architectural or decorative coating binder composition comprising casein or other protein, soy lecithin or other emulsifier, polysaccharide such as dextrin and cellulose fibres or other thickener.
• a liquid architectural or decorative coating comprising an architectural or decorative coating binder composition according to paragraph 29 and one or more liquids.
• a method comprising applying the liquid architectural or decorative coating according to paragraph 30 to a surface.
• 34. A liquid paint as described in paragraphs 24 to 33 wherein such granulated pigments, or 'stir-in' pigments are first dissolved in the mixing water or liquid to be combined with said dry powder paint in proportions as to produce a pre-determined colour or range of colours.
• a paint binder composition comprising casein or other proteins, soy lecithin, dextrin or other polysaccharides and cellulose fibres.
• a paint binder composition according to paragraph 1 further comprising a
• a paint binder composition according to paragraph 2 wherein the preservative and fungicide is selected from zinc oxide and potassium sorbate and borax.
• a paint binder composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 3 further comprising an antifoaming ingredient.
• said antifoaming ingredient is silica sand.
• a paint binder composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 5 further comprising a water conditioning component (such as a dispersant).
• a water conditioning component such as a dispersant
• a method of preparing a paint binder composition comprising mixing casein protein, soy lecithin, dextrin and cellulose fibres.
• the paint binder composition is a paint binder composition as defined in any one of paragraphs 2 to 7.
• a dry-powder paint comprising the paint binder composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 7 and a filler mixture.
• water conditioning component such as a dispersant material
• a method of preparing a dry-powder paint comprising combining the paint binder composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 7 with a filler mixture. 21. A method according to paragraph 20 wherein the dry-powder paint is the dry-powder paint according to any one of paragraphs 10 to 19.
• a method according to paragraph 20 or paragraph 21 comprising the steps of: providing said paint binder composition, filler mixture, pigment, preservative, anti-foaming materials and water conditioning component (such as a dispersant); pre-mixing same thoroughly for a period of not less than 10 and not more than 20 minutes; and subsequently grinding to an overall fineness so that the finished material is capable of passing through a mesh containing 200 holes per square inch.
• a liquid paint comprising the paint binder composition according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 7 or the dry-powder paint according to any one of paragraphs 10 to 19; and one or more liquids.
• liquid(s) is(are) selected from water; beeswax emulsion; other wax emulsions; gums; glues; linseed oil; safflower oil; and tung oil.
• a method of preparing a liquid paint as defined in paragraph 23 or paragraph 24 said method comprising mixing the dry-powder paint according to any one of paragraphs 10 to 19 with one or more liquids.
• a method comprising applying the liquid paint according to paragraph 23 or paragraph 24 to a surface.
• An architectural or decorative coating binder composition comprising casein or other protein, soy lecithin or other emulsifier, polysaccharide such as dextrin and cellulose fibres or other thickener.
• a liquid architectural or decorative coating comprising an architectural or decorative coating binder composition according to paragraph 27 and one or more liquids.
• 29. A method comprising applying the liquid architectural or decorative coating according to paragraph 28 to a surface.
• a water conditioning component suitable for use with or in a paint binder composition comprising:
• a degreaser said degreaser being a Group I metal phosphate; and h) a glucose-containing component.
• composition suitable for use as a paint binder comprising:
• a composition according to any one of paragraphs 8 to paragraph 13 wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 ⁇ im.
• a paint comprising the water conditioning component of any one of paragraphs 1 to 7 or a composition according to any one of paragraphs 8 to 14.
• a liquid paint wherein said liquid paint comprises a paint according to paragraph 15 and a fluid vehicle.
• a liquid paint according paragraph 16 wherein said fluid vehicle is an aqueous solvent. 18. A liquid paint according paragraph 16 or paragraph 17 wherein said fluid vehicle is water.
• a composition suitable for use as a paint binder comprising: a) a protein; b) a polysaccharide; c) an emulsifier; and d) a thickening ingredient; and a water conditioning component; wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm.
• a composition suitable for use as a paint binder comprising: a) a protein; b) a polysaccharide; c) an emulsifier; and d) a thickening ingredient; and a water conditioning component; wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm; and wherein said composition or at least a part thereof is prepared by subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process.
• a composition suitable for use as a paint binder comprising: a) a protein; b) a polysaccharide; c) an emulsifier; and d) a thickening ingredient; and a water conditioning component; wherein said composition in a dry state has a homogeneous particle size of less than about 100 pm; wherein said composition or at least a part thereof is prepared by subjecting components of the composition to a shearing process; and wherein said shearing process uses an apparatus comprising horizontal and vertical blades, wherein said vertical blades contain spiral fluting and are located at one end of a vertical cylindrical blade shaft and further wherein said horizontal blades are rotatable in the horizontal plane about said vertical cylindrical blade shaft.
• a paint comprising the composition of any one of paragraphs 1 to 3.
• a paint according to paragraph 4 also comprising colorant.
• a paint according to paragraph 4 or paragraph 5 wherein said paint is a liquid paint. 7. A paint according to paragraph 6 wherein said paint is an aqueous based paint.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention is prepared by a process that includes the following steps: ⁇ Obtain the ingredients
• the paint binder composition of the present invention comprises the ingredients presented in the Table below:
• Zinc Oxide 1.2% Zinc Oxide Inhibit Mould Suppliers, such
• a finished product refers to a complete paint binder composition of the present invention - comprising all of the components including the filler, binder, pigment and other ingredients - which is ready to be mixed with a fluid vehicle, such as tap water, to produce a liquid decorating paint product which can be applied by typical means.
• a fluid vehicle such as tap water
• the filler/extender products are selected to provide opacity and durability to the finished product.
• Clay powders such as Earthenware, may be substituted for Polewhite where a darker paint colour is to be produced. Examples include:
• a finished product refers to a complete paint binder composition of the present invention - comprising all of the components including the filler, binder, pigment and other ingredients - which is ready to be mixed with a fluid vehicle, such as tap water, to produce a liquid decorating paint product which can be applied by typical means.
• a fluid vehicle such as tap water
• a water conditioning component is included. Such a component maintains performance against a wide range of variation in the hardness and alkalinity of the user supplied tap water.
• An example is:
• a finished product refers to a complete paint binder composition of the present invention - comprising all of the components including the filler, binder, pigment and other ingredients - which is ready to be mixed with a fluid vehicle, such as tap water, to produce a liquid decorating paint product which can be applied by typical means.
• a fluid vehicle such as tap water
• the accumulated weight accounts for about 80% of the paint binder composition - herein referred to as the "bulk materials".
• the remaining amount (typically about 20%) may comprise pigments according to an individual colour formulation. Examples of a colour formulation are detailed below.
• the colour components are added to the bulk materials.
• the colour component may comprise pigments selected from a wide range of, for example, ochres, oxides, siennas, earths and other colouring materials combined with a proportion of a standard white pigment, Titanium Dioxide. Titanium Dioxide is also able to add opacity to the finished paint product.
• the colouring pigments may be sourced from a variety of suppliers according to need and availability, including Cornelissen, Gerstaecker, Colour Blaze, Brodie and Middleton.
• pre-treatment step wherein the various particle sizes are all reduced to a fineness of 200 mesh (75 microns), or even finer. These pretreated ingredients are then mixed, optionally with colouring components. The pretreatment step provides an even more consistent colour finish to the paint.
• the production methodology may be as follows:
• the formulations of the present invention may be produced in 'batches' of any suitable weight, such as around 10 kg per batch.
• the colouring components (typically about 20%) are separately weighed in a separate colour preparation area and checked on electronic scales with an accuracy better than ⁇ 1 g. This separation prevents colour contamination between batches.
• Materials for each batch of coloured paint are checked and added to a cleaned processing container for particle reduction down to an overall size of c.200 mesh. Preferably a rotary blade configuration is used, such as that discussed herein.
• a sealed lid is clamped to the top of the processing container and once electrical safety checks are complete and the timer set, the machine is started and processing commences.
• the processing machine is stopped, either automatically or manually, and the material is allowed to settle.
• the lid is then undamped and the mixed materials are then placed in a clean bulk container ready for packaging.
• the paint binder formulation of the present invention is then dispensed from a bulk container such as a moisture-proof paper bag or other suitable container, which is check weighed and then heat sealed to prevent any moisture contamination.
• a resultant paint prepared by use of the paint binder composition of the present invention may be a paint product classified as an 'Architectural Paint for interior Walls and Ceilings'.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention is packaged immediately after manufacture into a moisture proof and heat sealed bag, which is then placed in outer packaging according to size and distribution outlet. .
• the paint binder composition of the present invention is currently produced in 1 kg and 80 g (tester) pack sizes, in 64 colour variations as suitable for decorating purposes. Other larger sizes may also be manufactured.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention can be produced in a wide range of colours.
• the paint binder composition of the present invention is added to and mixed in with tepid tap water provided by the customer/user. • After mixing and a thickening period, the resultant paint can be applied as any other similar paint to surfaces with normal decorating tools, i.e. brushes, rollers, paint pads and spray systems of both the airless and HVLP types.
• a typical composition of the invention was prepared as follows (% values shown are with respect to these four components only): 80-90% by weight casein protein or other protein powder
• soy lecithin or other emulsifier 2-5% by weight soy lecithin or other emulsifier
• the apparatus may comprise 2 or 3 rotary blades which can be set 120 degrees apart and at various heights and separations.
• the apparatus (1) is equipped with three rotary blades (5), (10) and (15) which are arranged 120 degrees apart and at various heights and separations along a vertical blade shaft (20). Each of the three rotary blades (5), (10) and (15) is fixed at one end at 90 degrees to the blade shaft (20).
• the blade shaft (20) also has a set of spiral fluting at one end (30).
• the apparatus (1) is contained within a suitable housing (not shown).
• Binder 'C Fine ground binder, no water addition
• Binder ⁇ ' - 1 3 Binder to Water
• Binder 'B' - 1 4.5 "
• Binder 'D' - 1 4.5 "
• Binders 'B' & 'D' gave a smoother film.
• Binder D is better than binder C.
• the paints were applied onto a Leneta card using a 200 micron wirewound KBar applicator. The panels were dried overnight at 20°C and measured using a Sheen Opac Meter. Paint Contrast Ratio
• Paint powder samples 'G' (without water conditioning component) and ⁇ ' (with water conditioning component) were used. Each sample (100 g) was mixed with 150 ml of mixing water over a 5 minute period using an electric pedestal mixer with a 20 mm horizontal disc blade.
• pH readings were taken on each sample at intervals of 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes.
• the addition of the water conditioning component has a significant effect in inhibiting gelling and thereby extending the usable pot life of the paint (Table 2).
• the water conditioning component also has a 'buffering' effect which reduces the effect of varying pH levels of the tap water used for mixing the paint product.
• the use of the water conditioning component means the pH level of the resulting paint is contained within boundaries which are known to inhibit the growth of mould and fungus.
• Table 2 Effect of water conditioning component on inhibition of gelling of paint at various mixing water pH levels.
• Figures 5-8 Figure 5 is a photographic image of paint sample E of reflected light.
• Figure 6 is a photographic image of paint sample H of reflected light.
• Figure 7 is a photographic image of paint sample E of reflected light.
• Figure 8 is a photographic image of paint sample H of reflected light.
• the results shown in Figures 5 to 8 illustrate the beneficial results from the present invention.
• the shearing process yields a significant reduction in particle agglomeration. There is a significant reduction in pinholing in wet sample mixes of paints made according to the present invention.
• Binder sample D yields very good adhesion and water conditioning/buffering properties. Paint sample H has very good paint properties.

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• 2013
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