WO2013159422A1 - 一种小分子肽及其应用 - Google Patents

一种小分子肽及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2013159422A1
WO2013159422A1 PCT/CN2012/076102 CN2012076102W WO2013159422A1 WO 2013159422 A1 WO2013159422 A1 WO 2013159422A1 CN 2012076102 W CN2012076102 W CN 2012076102W WO 2013159422 A1 WO2013159422 A1 WO 2013159422A1
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small molecule
peptide
type
molecule peptide
lung cancer
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French (fr)
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郭琳琅
李贵平
陈珍珠
刘亚杰
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Southern Medical University Zhujiang Hospital
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Southern Medical University Zhujiang Hospital
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Priority claimed from CN201210123590.8A external-priority patent/CN102641511B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210123601.2A external-priority patent/CN102643331B/zh
Application filed by Southern Medical University Zhujiang Hospital filed Critical Southern Medical University Zhujiang Hospital
Priority to EP12875413.2A priority Critical patent/EP2873676A4/en
Publication of WO2013159422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013159422A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US14/523,986 priority patent/US9234002B2/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K7/00Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K7/04Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
    • C07K7/06Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04Organic compounds
    • A61K51/08Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K51/00Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
    • A61K51/02Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
    • A61K51/04Organic compounds
    • A61K51/08Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
    • A61K51/082Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins the peptide being a RGD-containing peptide
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K1/00General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
    • C07K1/13Labelling of peptides

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of biomedical technology, and particularly relates to a small molecule peptide, and a small molecule peptide probe and a small molecule lung cancer targeted radiotherapy agent which are prepared by using the small molecule peptide and are suitable for molecular imaging diagnosis of lung cancer.
  • Lung cancer has become the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality among the Chinese population, especially the urban residents.
  • the main reason for the high mortality rate of lung cancer is that more than 80% of lung cancers are in advanced stage and they have lost the best treatment opportunity.
  • the 5-year survival rate of patients with stage I lung cancer can reach more than 80%.
  • Early diagnosis of lung cancer will help improve the survival rate and mortality of lung cancer patients.
  • the main means of clinical lung cancer diagnosis is still imaging technology. With the continuous improvement and development of modern imaging equipment and technology, the positive rate of early diagnosis of lung cancer is obviously improved, but CT, PET, or MRI technology, early diagnosis of lung cancer The specificity and sensitivity need to be improved.
  • molecular imaging provides a very important research platform for the establishment of high specificity and sensitivity diagnostic methods for lung cancer.
  • Molecular probes are the key factors of molecular imaging technology and are also prerequisites for molecular imaging research. The most widely studied molecular probes are currently classified into: (1) nuclear medicine probes, depending on the imaging technique used. Molecular probes for isotope-labeled ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 integrin and VEGF showed satisfactory tumor angiography in animal models. (2) MRI probe.
  • Gd-DTPA labeled ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 integrin monoclonal antibody or small molecule peptide RGD, MRI showed tumor blood vessels in rabbit or nude mouse animal models, and found that labeled ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 integrin monoclonal antibody can significantly improve the sensitivity of MRI.
  • the small molecule probes that have been applied to clinical imaging research are (1) somatostatin probes are suitable for diagnosis of gastrointestinal and bronchial neuroendocrine carcinomas, pituitary adenomas, paragangliomas, etc.; (2) CCK probes For the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma; (3) the bombesin probe is suitable for the diagnosis of breast cancer and prostate cancer; (4) RGD probe is suitable for vascular imaging of various solid tumors. So far, no successful research reports on lung cancer-specific molecular probes have been reported at home and abroad.
  • molecular targeted drugs can specifically act on lung cancer cells, and the toxicity is relatively light, showing good clinical application prospects and development trend of lung cancer treatment, providing a new way for the treatment of patients with advanced lung cancer.
  • molecularly targeted drugs such as Iressa, Tarceva, etc., or EGFR receptor inhibitors, or VEGF receptor inhibitors
  • patients need long-term use and the effect is only Some people are effective, and patients often give up treatment because they are ultimately unable to pay high drug costs.
  • Iressa which is used clinically in China, has severely restricted its clinical application in the United States because clinical trials have not confirmed that it prolongs patient survival.
  • Radioimmunotherapy Another type of tumor-targeted therapy is radioimmunotherapy (RIT), along with radioimmunotherapy 9Q Y-ibritumomabn (trade name Zevalin) and 131 I-tositumoma (trade name Bexxar).
  • RIT radioimmunotherapy
  • 9Q Y-ibritumomabn trade name Zevalin
  • I-tositumoma trade name Bexxar
  • I-chTNT is the world's first solid tumor radioimmunotherapy agent. It was officially launched in China in January 2007 and became the third global radioimmunotherapy agent after Zevalin and Bexxar. It is a radioimmunotherapy agent for solid tumors such as lung cancer, liver cancer and brain tumors. Clinical trials have shown that patients with advanced lung cancer have received injections from Weimei, with a total effective rate of 33%, but there are still obvious defects in Weimei. Weimei is a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody, which contains certain murine components, and has the potential danger of allergies.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a specific small molecule peptide probe suitable for molecular imaging diagnosis of lung cancer and a preparation method thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a small molecule lung cancer targeted radiotherapy agent and a method of preparing the same.
  • a small molecule peptide which is an 8-peptide molecule containing an XGXG structure, wherein G represents L-type glycine and X is any one of 20 amino acids.
  • the amino acid sequence of the small molecule peptide is cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID N0.1), wherein c represents D-type cysteine, N represents L-type asparagine, G represents L-type glycine, and E represents L-type glutamic acid. Acid, Q represents L-type glutamine.
  • the amino acid sequence of the small molecule peptide is cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID NO. 1), wherein c represents
  • N represents L-type asparagine
  • G represents L-type glycine
  • E represents L-type glutamic acid
  • Q represents L-type glutamine.
  • the radioisotope is any one of 99m Tc, m In, 18 F-FDG, 68 Ga, 64 Cu.
  • a method for preparing a small molecule peptide probe comprising the following steps:
  • the small molecule peptide is an 8-peptide molecule containing an XGXG structure, wherein G represents L-type glycine,
  • X is any one of 20 amino acids
  • the radioisotope is 99m Tc.
  • amino acid sequence of the small molecule peptide is cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID NO. 1), wherein c represents
  • N represents L-type asparagine
  • G represents L-type glycine
  • E represents L-type glutamic acid
  • Q represents L-type glutamine.
  • a small molecule lung cancer targeted radiotherapy agent obtained by labeling a small molecule peptide with a therapeutic radioisotope, wherein the small molecule peptide is an 8-peptide molecule containing an XGXG structure, wherein G represents L-type glycine and X is 20 amino acids. Any of them.
  • the amino acid sequence of the small molecule peptide is cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID ⁇ : 1), wherein c represents D-type cysteine, N represents L-type asparagine, G represents L-type glycine, and E represents L-type glutamic acid. , Q represents L-type glutamine.
  • the therapeutic radioisotope is any one of 131 l, 188 Re, and 9Q Y.
  • a method for preparing a small molecule lung cancer targeted radiotherapy agent comprises the following steps:
  • the small molecule peptide is an 8-peptide molecule containing an XGXG structure, wherein G represents L-type glycine and X is any one of 20 amino acids;
  • the therapeutic radioisotope is 131 ⁇ .
  • the amino acid sequence of the small molecule peptide is cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID ⁇ : 1), wherein c represents D-type cysteine, N represents L-type asparagine, G represents L-type glycine, and E represents L-form glutamic acid. , Q represents L-type glutamine.
  • step 1) mixing the small molecule peptide and tyrosine, adding the amino acid condensing agent EDC-HCI [1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride], After reacting for 2 hours at room temperature, the amino (N) terminal of the small molecule peptide was condensed with the carboxyl group of tyrosine.
  • EDC-HCI amino acid condensing agent
  • the small molecule peptide of the present invention can specifically bind to lung cancer cells, and provides a new method for specific diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer;
  • the small molecular probe prepared by using radionuclide labeled small molecule peptide can trace the lung cancer cells in vivo, and is suitable for molecular imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis of lung cancer patients, and can increase the sensitivity of lung cancer imaging and Specificity has important clinical significance for improving the early positive diagnosis rate of lung cancer;
  • the invention utilizes therapeutic nuclides labeled small molecule peptide to prepare a small molecule lung cancer targeted radiotherapy agent, which has good stability and biodistribution characteristics, and can obviously inhibit tumor growth in a human lung cancer nude mouse model. It has no obvious side effects on vital organs such as liver, kidney, lung and heart. It is suitable for targeted therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) and has great clinical application value in molecular targeted therapy of lung cancer.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the results of in vitro stability of a small molecule peptide probe 99m Tc-cNGEGQQ C by paper chromatography (A is an acetone system; B is an ammonia/ethanol/water mixture system).
  • Figure 5 SPECT dynamic imaging of 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc in rabbits (1 frame/sec, lmin acquisition).
  • Figure 6 SPECT dynamic imaging of 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc in rabbits (1 frame/min, 5 min acquisition).
  • Figure 7 SPECT dynamic imaging of 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc in rabbits (1 frame/5min, acquisition
  • Figure 8 uses the ROI region of interest analysis technique to obtain time-radioactivity curves of the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and bladder (1 is the dynamic imaging of the rabbit ROI region of interest; 2 is the time-radioactivity curve of the heart) 3 is the time-radioactivity curve of the spleen; 4 is the time-radioactivity curve of the liver; 5 is the time-radioactivity curve of the kidney; 6 is the time-radioactivity curve of the bladder).
  • FIG. 9 Whole body SPECT imaging of anterior and posterior rabbits 1.5 h after intravenous injection of 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc.
  • Figure 10 Lung cancer nude mouse model (L78 cells) small molecule peptide probe 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc SPECT imaging (arrow shows the radioactive concentration of the transplanted tumor site).
  • Fig. 11 SPECT imaging of small molecule peptide probe of lung cancer nude mouse model (H1975 cells) (Fig. A is a 2h image after tail vein injection of 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc; B is 2h after tail vein injection of 99m Tc-cNAQAEQc Imaging) (The arrow shows the radioactive concentration of the transplanted tumor site).
  • Figure 12 is a mass spectrogram of the small molecule peptide cNGEGQQc-Tyr.
  • Figure 13 shows the radiochemical purity of 131 1 labeled small molecule peptide cNGEGQQc by paper chromatography.
  • Figure 14 HPLC analysis of 131 1 labeled tyrosine cNGEGQQc.
  • Figure 15 According to the obtained SPECT dynamic imaging of 131 I-cNGEGQQc in rabbits, the ROI region of interest analysis technique was used to obtain the time-radioactivity curve of each organ (1 is the rabbit dynamic imaging image ROI region of interest of each organ) Delineation; 2 is the time-radioactivity curve of the heart; 3 is the time-radioactivity curve of the spleen; 4 is the time-radioactivity curve of the liver; 5 is the time-radioactivity curve of the kidney; 6 is the time-radioactivity curve of the bladder Figure).
  • FIG. 16 131 I-cNGEGQQc dynamic SPECT imaging in FIG rabbits (1, 2 are each rabbit anterior 30min after injection of 131 I-cNGEGQQc, posterior whole body imaging FIG. Lh rabbit anterior and posterior whole body imaging; 5, 6 were anterior and posterior whole body imaging images of 3.5h after injection of 131 I-cNGEGQQc.
  • Figure 17 Tumor growth curve of H1975 lung cancer nude mouse model.
  • Figure 18 Tumor growth curve of L78 lung cancer nude mice model.
  • the small molecule peptide is cleaved from the resin beads with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride while removing all side chain protecting groups.
  • the reduced product was oxidized with iodine as an oxidizing agent at a high dilution of 30% (v/v) acetic acid to oxidize two cysteines in the molecule to form a disulfide bond. It was separated and purified by Sephadex-G-15 column chromatography, dialysis and high performance liquid chromatography to obtain a high-purity product with a single peak in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (analytical column).
  • the small molecule peptide is coupled with the chelating agent S-acetyl-MAG 3 (mercaptoacetyl triglycyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) to obtain a complex cNGEGQQc-MAG 3 [acetylated mercaptoethanol-GGG (D-Cys) cNGEGQQc(D-Cys)] , theoretical molecular weight of 1125.05, mass spectrometry measured molecular weight of 1146.84 (see Figure 1), and its purity was 96% by HPLC (see Figure 2).
  • S-acetyl-MAG 3 mercaptoacetyl triglycyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester
  • the coupling of the chelating agent S-acetyl-MAG 3 with small molecule peptides uses the following technical route: 1 Synthesis of SATA (s-acetylmercaptoacetyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide): thioglycolic acid and acetic anhydride (both The molar ratio was 1:1.1). The reaction product was purified by distillation under reduced pressure (115 to 125 ° C, 2 to 3 mmHg) for 4 d at room temperature to obtain a high-purity acetylated thioglycolic acid.
  • SATA s-acetylmercaptoacetyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide
  • thioglycolic acid thioglycolic acid
  • acetic anhydride both The molar ratio was 1:1.1
  • the reaction product was purified by distillation under reduced pressure (115 to 125 ° C, 2 to 3 mmHg) for 4 d at room temperature to obtain a high
  • the target polypeptide cNGEGQQc is synthesized by a conventional solid phase method using an automatic peptide synthesizer, and three glycines are directly linked at the N-terminus thereof during the synthesis, and After the last glycine was removed, deprotected, adding 1 molar amount of SATA, 7 times molar amount of 3mDIEA (diisopropylethylamine:) and 3 times molar amount of HBTU (1-hydroxy, benzo, tri Chlorozolium tetramethyl hexafluorophosphate), 3-fold molar amount of HOBT (1-hydroxybenzotriazole) was reacted for 60 min, and the ninhydrin reaction was detected as yellow.
  • the 99m Tc-labeled complex cNGEGQQcc-MAG 3 was realized by indirect labeling method, and the specific method was carried out by reference to the literature (Winnard P, et al. Nucl Med Biol, 1997, 24: 425-432) with a slight improvement.
  • the labeling buffer is 0.25 mol/L NaHC0 3 , 0.18 mol/L ammonia water, 0.125 mol/L ammonium acetate mixture, the total reaction volume is 125 ⁇ 1, and the small molecule peptide (cNGEGQQc-MAG 3 ) content is 20 ⁇ freshly washed 99 m Tc.
  • the eluent has a radioactivity of 3.7x l07Bq, and the reaction is completed in the water bath after shaking.
  • the dosage of stannous tartrate was 0.25, 1, 5, lO g/ul; the final pH values of the reaction system were 2, 4, 7.6, 10.0, respectively;
  • the reaction time is 25, 37, 75, 100 ° C ; the reaction time is 10, 20, 30, 60 min (nitrogen seal during the reaction); the final concentration of the potassium sulphate sodium tartrate is 0.5, 1, 3.5, ⁇ ⁇ , using orthogonal design for analysis to find the best labeling conditions.
  • the factors and level design are shown in Table 1.
  • the orthogonal table and experimental results are shown in Table 2.
  • the reaction system was pH 7.6, and the reaction was carried out at 25 ° C for 30 min.
  • labeling rate percentage of radioactivity of labeled peptide and 99m Tc in system 1 - percentage of radioactivity of m Tc in system 2).
  • labeling rate percentage of radioactivity of labeled peptide and 99m Tc in system 1 - percentage of radioactivity of m Tc in system 2.
  • Small molecule peptides were labeled with optimal labeling conditions and labeling was determined by paper chromatography. The rate is 84% ⁇ 95%, and the repeatability is good.
  • the radiochemical purity was determined by paper chromatography.
  • the radiochemical purity the percentage of radioactivity of the labeled peptide and 99m Tc in System 1 - the percentage of radioactivity of 99m Tc in System 2.
  • the 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc-MAG 3 purified by HPLC was allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 h.
  • the radiochemical purity after placing Oh and 24 h was 95% and 91%, respectively, indicating that the label was stable at room temperature;
  • the small peptide probes were placed in human fresh serum and incubated at 37 ° C for 24 h.
  • the radiochemical purity was reduced from 95% of Oh to one by one. 85% of 24h, indicating that the labeled small molecule peptide probe is stable in serum (see Figure 3).
  • ROI analysis was performed on the acquired post-rabbit series of dynamic images, and the ROI analysis was performed on the region of interest of the precordial region, liver, spleen, kidneys and bladder, and the time-radioactivity curves were respectively established (see the attached drawing). 5 ⁇ 9).
  • the experimental cells are: Two human non-small cell lung cancer cells including NCI-H1975 (adenocarcinoma) and L78 (squamous cell carcinoma), MCF7 (breast cancer), HT-29 (colorectal cancer) and liver cancer (HepG2), conventional methods
  • the cells were cultured to logarithmic growth phase, trypsinized, centrifuged to remove the digestive juice, washed twice with PBS, and added to the serum-free medium to prepare a single cell suspension, adjusted to a cell concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 6 /ml, and injected subcutaneously into the back of nude mice.
  • the cell suspension was 0.2 ml, and an animal model of different tumor cells was established.
  • Four nude mice models were used for each tumor. The tumor growth and the general condition of the nude mice such as spirit, diet and body weight were observed regularly. When the diameter of the tumor reached about 1 cm. , ready for experimentation.
  • the small molecule peptide probe is mainly concentrated in the bilateral kidney and bladder, and the liver tissue also has some radioactive uptake, and the intestinal tract has a small amount of ingestion. Radioactive concentration is visible in the bladder, and the distribution of imaging agents in the extremities and head and chest is sparse. Then the radioactivity in the bladder continues to concentrate, and the radioactivity distribution of the tumor (L78) is reduced (see Figure 10).
  • Fig. 11 shows the imaging at 2 h after the injection of the small molecule peptide probe, and the tumor (H1975) was clearly visualized, and the 99m Tc-labeled negative small molecule peptide was injected for planar imaging to show that the tumor site was blurred.
  • T/NT tumor to brain uptake
  • the small peptide probe 99m Tc-cNGEGQQc has a good imaging effect on tumor lesions of two non-small cell lung cancer cells (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma), and as a negative control.
  • the unrelated small molecule peptide was not visualized in the animal model.
  • the small molecule peptide probe 99m Tc-cNGEGQQ C was not visualized in animal models of breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. It is indicated that the small molecule peptide probe of the present invention can be used as a carrier to transport the diagnostic isotope 99m Tc to the lung cancer xenograft through blood circulation and specifically bind to lung cancer cells.
  • a lung cancer molecular imaging probe prepared by using a radioactive isotope 99m Tc-labeled lung cancer cell-specific small molecule peptide is widely used in the present invention, and based on the labeling method established by the present invention,
  • the contrast agent such as m In, 18 F-FDG, 68 Ga, 64 Cu, etc. can be replaced to obtain an ideal lung cancer molecular imaging probe suitable for imaging devices such as SPECT, PET/CT, MRI and the like.
  • the small molecule peptide cNGEGQQc, tyrosine and amino acid condensing agent EDC-HCI[(1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride were mixed. ] ( 1: 3: 3.6 molar ratio), after reacting at room temperature for 2 hours, the amino (N) end of the small molecule peptide is condensed with the carboxyl group of tyrosine to prepare a small molecule peptide cNGEGQQc-Tyr complex (see attached) Figure 12).
  • the 131 1 labeled small molecule peptide cNGEGQQc was obtained by chloramine-T labeling method.
  • the developing solution was n-butanol: ethanol: ammonia water (5:1: 2) Paper chromatography was carried out in the mixed solution, and then measured by a radioactive thin layer scanner to calculate the labeling rate.
  • the reaction mixture was separated and purified on a Sephadex G25 column, and the purified labeled small molecule peptide solution was subjected to paper chromatography to determine the radiochemical purity (see FIG. 13).
  • Sephadex G25 column preparation method and purification method of labeled small molecule peptide Weigh lg Sephadex (glucan gel) G25 in PBS (pH 7.4) for 24 hours, gently shake to remove fine particles, and fully expand After that, evacuate and depressurize, then add the gel to the glass chromatography tube; first equilibrate the column with PBS (pH 7.4), then saturate the column with BSA (20 mg dissolved in 1 ml of PBS), and then pass through PBS ( After washing at pH 7.4, the labeled reaction solution was passed through a column, and an eluate of an absorption peak of A280 nm was collected; Add appropriate amount of BSA and NaN 3 and store in duplicate.
  • the chromatographic method is used to determine the labeling rate.
  • the specific method The labeled mixture is placed in the end of the chromatographic paper and placed in the developer n-butanol: ethanol: ammonia (5: 1 : 2), and the sample is to be sampled.
  • the chromatography paper was taken out to dry, and the chromatography paper was cut out in 10 aliquots and placed in a test tube. The radioactivity of each test tube was measured by a Y immunological counter, and the mark was calculated accordingly.
  • the radiochemical purity changes of 0-24 h at room temperature and human serum were determined by paper chromatography.
  • the 131 I-cNGEGQQc purified by HPLC was placed at room temperature for 24 h. After the radiochemical purity is greater than 90%, indicating that the marker is stable at room temperature; to further evaluate the stability of the small molecule radiotherapy agent in the simulated in vivo environment, the small molecule radiotherapy agent is placed in human fresh serum. After incubation at 37 °C for 24 h, the radiochemical purity decreased from 92.5% of Oh to 88.2% of 24 h, indicating that the labeled small molecule radiotherapy agent has good stability in serum.
  • the SPECT imaging results are shown in Table 1: In the tissues and organs of healthy mice, the radioactivity of the kidneys is significantly higher than other organs, and the removal time is long, indicating that the small molecule radiotherapy agent of the present invention is mainly metabolized by the kidney; With the prolongation of time, the radioactivity of each organ gradually decreased, and the radioactive changes of the gastrointestinal tract were relatively stable, indicating that the small molecule radiotherapy agent was stable in the body, no obvious release of 131 ⁇ , muscle tissue and brain tissue to small molecules. Radiation therapeutics have the least intake. The results of radioactivity distribution of 131 I-cNGEGQQc in mice are shown in Table 5.
  • mice I-cNGEGQQc radioactivity distribution in mice (%ID/g) Tissue lh 3h 6h 12h 24h Liver 0.3830 ⁇ 0.0018 0.4152 ⁇ 0.0024 0.1403 ⁇ 0.0004 0.0829 ⁇ 0.0007 0.0338 ⁇ 0.0001 Spleen 0.2034 ⁇ 0.0008 0.3137 ⁇ 0.0023 0.1841 ⁇ 0.0002 0.0770 ⁇ 0.0005 0.0384 ⁇ 0.0001 Kidney 2.4804 ⁇ 0.0059 2.0763 ⁇ 0.0072 0.9813 ⁇ 0.0025 0.3812 ⁇ 0.0023 0.2028 ⁇ 0.0006 Lung 0.3773 ⁇ 0.0012 0.3896 ⁇ 0.0021 0.2395 ⁇ 0.0008 0.2879 ⁇ 0.0023 0.0765 ⁇ 0.0001 Stomach 0.6943 ⁇ 0.0034 1.2331 ⁇ 0.0095 0.8734 ⁇ 0.0035 0.7219 ⁇ 0.0105 0.0696 ⁇ 0.0005 Intestine 0.2910 ⁇ 0.0011 0.3185 ⁇ 0.0012 0.1956 ⁇ 0.0004 0.1354 ⁇ 0.0009 0.0723 ⁇ 0.0003 Muscle 0.0800 ⁇ 0.0002 0.0874
  • the acquisition conditions are as follows: First, 1 frame / 10 seconds x6, followed by 1 frame / 1 minute x4, then 1 frame / 5 minutes x5, and finally the whole body anterior and posterior static at 30 minutes, 1 hour and 3.5 hours after injection Visualization.
  • the obtained rabbit post-series dynamic acquisition images were subjected to semi-quantitative analysis of the region of interest (ROI), and the ROI analysis was performed on the region of the anterior region, liver and spleen, kidneys and bladder, and the time-radioactivity curves were established. (See Figure 15-16).
  • the experimental cells were: Two human non-small cell lung cancer cells including NCI-H1975 (adenocarcinoma) and L78 (squamous carcinoma), cultured in the logarithmic growth phase by conventional methods, trypsin digestion, centrifugation to remove digestive juice, PBS washing 2 Then, a serum-free medium was added to prepare a single cell suspension, and the cell concentration was adjusted to 5 ⁇ 10 6 /ml. 0.2 ml of the cell suspension was subcutaneously injected into the back of the nude mouse to establish an animal model of different lung cancer cells. Twelve nude mouse models were used to observe the tumor growth and the general conditions of the nude mice such as spirit, diet and body weight. When the tumor diameter reached about 1 cm, the tumor inhibition experiment was started.
  • a final concentration of 0.2% potassium iodide solution was added to the drinking water 3 days before treatment to close the thyroid gland until the end of the experiment.
  • Twelve nude mouse models of each lung cancer were randomly divided into 3 groups, 4 in each group, injected separately in the tail vein of the mouse: (A) 131 I-cNGEGQQc; (B) 131 I-cNAQAEQc (negative control small molecule peptide); (C) 131 1; (D) saline; the body weight of the nude mice and the long diameter of the transplanted tumor were measured on days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30, respectively.
  • the tumor growth curve was drawn. The results showed that after 7 days of administration, the volume of H1975 and L78 xenografts in the 1 31 I-cNGEGQQc group began to shrink, and the volume of transplanted tumors in other groups continued to increase (see Figure 17-18). The survival time of each group of nude mice continued to be observed.
  • the median survival time was (A) 1 31 I-cNGEGQQc group 54 days; (B) 131 I-cNAQAEQc group (negative control small molecule peptide) 45 days; (C 131 131 groups of 42 days; (D) saline group for 43 days.
  • the results indicate that the small molecule radiotherapy agent of the present invention significantly inhibits tumor growth in vivo.
  • nude mice After 3 weeks of administration of radiotherapy to human lung cancer nude mice, nude mice were sacrificed, and important organs such as blood, liver, kidney, heart, lung and spleen were collected, and blood cells, liver and kidney biochemical functions were analyzed by routine methods; The liver, kidney and other tissues were sectioned and the cell morphology changes of various tissues and organs were observed under microscope. The ultrastructural changes of various tissues and organs were observed under conventional electron microscopy.
  • I-cNGEGQQc 8.1 ⁇ 0.4 16.5 ⁇ 0.5 1024.7 ⁇ 39.0 59.3 ⁇ 4.8 173.6 ⁇ 22.8 9.3 ⁇ 0.6 33.4 ⁇ 3.0
  • ALT, AST blood cell and liver function indexes
  • therapeutic radioisotope 131 1 labeled lung cancer cell-specific small molecule peptide preparation of lung cancer targeted radiopharmaceutical in recent years, with the continuous discovery and application of new isotopes, based on the labeling method established by the present invention, the new isotopes can be continuously replaced such as 188 Re, 9 0 Y, thereby obtaining a more desirable effect of therapeutic radiation treatment of lung cancer targeting agent.

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Description

说 明 书 一种小分子肽及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于生物医学技术领域, 具体涉及一种小分子肽, 以及利用该小分 子肽制备得到的适用于肺癌分子影像诊断的小分子肽探针和小分子肺癌靶向放 射治疗剂。
背景技术
肺癌已成为我国人群特别是城市居民中发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤, 目前肺癌高死亡率的主要原因是因为 80%以上的肺癌就诊时已属晚期,失去了最 佳的治疗时机, 而 I期肺癌患者的 5年生存率可达 80%以上。肺癌的早期诊断将 有助于提高肺癌患者生存率和降低死亡率。 临床肺癌诊断的主要手段目前仍是 影像技术, 随着现代影像检查设备和技术的不断改进和发展, 明显提高了肺癌 早期诊断的阳性率, 但无论 CT、 PET, 还是 MRI技术, 对于肺癌早期诊断的特异 性和敏感性均有待于提高。 分子影像学的创建为肺癌高特异性和敏感性诊断方 法的建立提供了一个非常重要的研究平台, 分子探针是分子影像技术的关键因 素, 也是分子影像学研究的先决条件。 目前研究最为广泛的分子探针根据所用 影像学技术的不同, 可分为: (1 )核医学探针。 同位素标记 α ν β 3整合素和 VEGF 的分子探针在动物模型中显示了令人满意的肿瘤血管成像。 (2 ) MRI 探针。 Gd-DTPA标记 α ν β 3整合素单克隆抗体或小分子肽 RGD, MRI显示兔或裸鼠动物 模型肿瘤血管,发现标记 α ν β 3整合素单克隆抗体能显著提高 MRI的敏感性。(3) 光学探针。 由于光学成像技术的穿透力有限, 光学探针仅用于小动物模型的研 小分子探针相对于大分子抗体探针, 具有分子量小, 组织穿透性好, 更易 到达靶细胞, 无免疫源性, 可大批量合成, 制作成本低及易于标记等特点, 因 此, 小分子探针较大分子探针有更好的临床应用前景。 目前已应用于临床影像 研究的小分子探针有(1 )生长抑素探针适用用于胃肠道和支气管神经内分泌癌、 垂体腺瘤、 副神经节瘤等诊断; (2 ) CCK探针用于甲状腺髓样癌诊断; (3 )蛙皮 素探针适用于乳腺癌和前列腺癌的诊断; (4) RGD探针适用于各种实体肿瘤的血 管显像。 迄今为止国内外尚未见有关肺癌特异性分子探针的成功研究报道。
此外, 分子靶向药物因能特异性作用于肺癌细胞, 而且毒性反应较轻, 显示 出较好的临床应用前景和肺癌治疗的发展趋势, 为治疗晚期肺癌患者提供了新 途径。 但由于目前临床上应用的分子靶向药物如易瑞沙、 特罗凯等、 恩度等, 或是 EGFR受体抑制剂, 或是 VEGF受体抑制剂, 均需要患者长期使用且疗效 仅对部分人有效, 患者也常常因最终难以支付高额药费而放弃治疗。 目前国内 临床使用的易瑞沙, 由于临床试验未能证实其延长了患者生存期, 美国 FDA已 严格限制其在美国的临床应用。
相对于分子靶向药物, 另一类肿瘤靶向治疗方法是放射免疫疗法 (radioimmunotherapy, RIT), 随着放射免疫治疗剂 9QY-ibritumomabn (商品名 Zevalin)和 131I-tositumoma (商品名 Bexxar) 在淋巴瘤的治疗中取得的显著疗效, 并取得了年销售额近 10亿美金的良好经济效益, 放射免疫治疗成为继化疗后又 一重要的肿瘤靶向治疗方法。
131I-chTNT (唯美生)是全球首个实体瘤放射免疫治疗剂, 2007年 1月在我 国正式上市, 成为继 Zevalin和 Bexxar之后第三个全球放射免疫治疗剂, 唯美 生是可作为肺癌、 肝癌及脑瘤等实体瘤的放射免疫治疗剂, 临床试验表明晚期 肺癌的病人接受了唯美生的注射, 总有效率为 33%, 但唯美生还存在着明显的 缺陷, 因唯美生为人鼠嵌合单抗, 含有一定鼠源成分, 存在过敏的潜在危险, 同时还存在着大分子抗体易被网状内皮系统识别吞噬而易引起非特异性聚集, 以及因分子量大, 穿透力差, 在肿瘤内部扩散受到限制等难以解决的问题, 均 影响了其疗效。
发明内容
针对现有技术中所存在的不足 , 本发明的目的是提供一种能与肺癌细胞特 异性结合的小分子肽。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种适用于肺癌分子影像诊断的特异性小分子 肽探针及其制备方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂及其制备方 法。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种小分子肽, 其为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨 酸, X为 20个氨基酸中的任一种。
所述的小分子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ ID N0.1 ) , 其中, c表 示 D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨 酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
一种小分子肽探针, 由放射性同位素标记小分子肽后所得, 所述小分子肽 为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸, X为 20个氨基酸 中的任一种。 所述小分子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID NO.l), 其中, c表示
D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
所述放射性同位素为 99mTc、 mIn、 18F-FDG、 68Ga、 64Cu中的任一种。
一种小分子肽探针的制备方法, 包括如下歩骤:
(1) 将小分子肽与螯合剂 S-acetyl-MAG3 (巯基乙酰三甘氨酰 -N-羟基丁二 酰亚胺酯) 偶联后得到小分子肽 -MAG3复合物;
(2) 用放射性同位素标记小分子肽 -MAG3复合物得到小分子肽探针; 所述小分子肽为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸,
X为 20个氨基酸中的任一种;
所述放射性同位素为 99mTc。
所述小分子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID NO.l), 其中, c表示
D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
以上所述的小分子肽探针在制备肺癌分子影像诊断试剂中的应用。
一种小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂, 由治疗性放射同位素标记小分子肽后所 得, 所述小分子肽为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸, X为 20个氨基酸中的任一种。
所述小分子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc (SEQ ID ΝΟ:1), 其中, c表示 D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
所述治疗性放射同位素为131l、 188Re、 9QY中的任一种。 一种小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂的制备方法, 包括如下歩骤:
1 ) 将小分子肽的 N端连接上酪氨酸;
2)将 N-端连接有酪氨酸的小分子肽溶解后, 加入治疗性放射同位素, 然后 再加入氯胺 -T, 震荡反应 2min, 用偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应;
所述小分子肽为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸, X为 20个氨基酸中的任一种;
所述治疗性放射同位素为 131ι。
所述小分子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ ID ΝΟ: 1 ) , 其中, c表示 D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
歩骤 1 ) 的具体操作为: 混合小分子肽和酪氨酸, 加入氨基酸缩合剂 EDC-HCI[1-乙基- (3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳化二胺基盐酸盐], 室温下反应 2小时 后, 将小分子肽的氨基 (N) 端与酪氨酸的羧基进行缩合连接。
歩骤 2)的具体操作为: 用 0.5M PBS ( pH=7.4)稀释 N-端连接有酪氨酸的小 分子肽,待小分子肽完全溶解后加入 131Ι 37ΜΒ¾/20μ1,然后加入终浓度为 0.9μ^μ1 的氯胺 -Τ, 震荡反应 2min, 用 45μ1 (4μ^μ1) 偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应。
本发明的有益效果在于:
( 1 ) 本发明的小分子肽能与肺癌细胞特异性结合, 为肺癌的特异性诊断及 治疗提供了新的方法;
(2) 本发明利用放射性核素标记小分子肽制备的小分子探针, 可在体内对 肺癌细胞示踪成像, 适用于肺癌患者的分子影像诊断及鉴别诊断, 可增加肺癌 成像的敏感性和特异性, 对提高肺癌的早期阳性诊断率有重要的临床意义; ( 3 )本发明利用治疗性核素标记小分子肽制备得到小分子肺癌靶向放射性 治疗剂, 其具有良好的稳定性和生物分布特性, 能明显抑制人肺癌裸鼠动物模 型体内肿瘤的生长, 对肝脏、 肾脏、 肺脏及心脏等重要器官无明显毒副作用, 适用于非小细胞肺癌 (鳞癌和腺癌) 患者的靶向治疗, 在肺癌的分子靶向治疗 方面具有重大的临床应用价值。
附图说明
图 1 小分子肽 cNGEGQQc-MAG3的质谱分析图。
图 2小分子肽 cNGEGQQc-MAG3的 HPLC分析图。
图 3采用纸层析法分析小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQC的体外稳定性实验 结果图 (A是丙酮系统; B是氨水 /乙醇 /水混合物系统)。
图 4 小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc在小鼠体内的分布情况图。
图 5 99mTc-cNGEGQQc在兔体内的 SPECT动态显像图( 1帧 /秒,采集 lmin)。 图 699mTc-cNGEGQQc在兔体内的 SPECT动态显像图( 1帧 /min,采集 5min)。 图 7 99mTc-cNGEGQQc在兔体内的 SPECT动态显像图 (1 帧 /5min, 采集
30min)。
图 8利用 ROI感兴趣区分析技术获取心脏、 肝脾、 肾脏和膀胱的时间 -放射 性曲线图 (1为兔动态显像图各脏器 ROI感兴趣区勾画; 2为心脏的时间 -放射 性曲线图; 3 为脾脏的时间-放射性曲线图; 4 为肝脏的时间-放射性曲线图; 5 为肾脏的时间-放射性曲线图; 6为膀胱的时间 -放射性曲线图)。
图 9静脉注射 99mTc-cNGEGQQc后 1.5h兔前位及后位全身 SPECT显像。 图 10肺癌裸鼠模型(L78细胞)小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc SPECT显 像图 (箭头所示为移植瘤部位放射性浓聚情况)。 图 11肺癌裸鼠模型(H1975细胞)小分子肽探针 SPECT显像图(A图为尾 静脉注射 99mTc-cNGEGQQc后 2h的显像图; B图为尾静脉注射 99mTc-cNAQAEQc 后 2h的显像图) (箭头所示为移植瘤部位放射性浓聚情况)。
图 12 是小分子肽 cNGEGQQc-Tyr的质谱分析图。
图 13 纸层析法测定 1311标记小分子肽 cNGEGQQc的放化纯度图。
图 14 1311标记酪氨酸 cNGEGQQc的 HPLC分析图。
图 15 根据获得的 131I-cNGEGQQc在兔体内的 SPECT动态显像图利用 ROI 感兴趣区分析技术获取各脏器的时间-放射性曲线图 (1 为兔动态显像图各脏器 ROI感兴趣区勾画; 2为心脏的时间-放射性曲线图; 3为脾脏的时间-放射性曲 线图; 4为肝脏的时间-放射性曲线图; 5为肾脏的时间-放射性曲线图; 6为膀胱 的时间 -放射性曲线图)。
图 16 131I-cNGEGQQc在兔体内的 SPECT动态显像图 (1、 2分别为注射 131I-cNGEGQQc 后 30min 兔前位、 后位全身显像图; 3、 4 分别为注射 131I-cNGEGQQc后 lh兔前位、后位全身显像图; 5、 6分别为注射 131I-cNGEGQQc 后 3.5h兔前位、 后位全身显像图)。
图 17 H1975肺癌裸鼠模型肿瘤生长曲线图。
图 18 L78肺癌裸鼠模型肿瘤生长曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一歩的说明, 但并不局限于此。
实施例 1
1、 利用固相合成方法制备小分子肽 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ IN NO: 1 )
( 1 )称取 lg表面具有 ΝΗ^¾性基团的树脂珠子, 用二甲基酰胺洗涤 3次, 然后在二甲基酰胺浸泡至珠子充分肿胀;
(2) 加入半胱氨酸和 Ν,Ν'-二异丙基碳二亚胺, 室温下反应 2小时后, 用 DMF洗涤珠子 5次, 接着加入 20% (ν/ν) 的哌啶, 在室温下反应 5 min, 再加 入 20% (v/v) 的 DMF, 反应 15 min, 完全脱去 Fmoc保护基;
(3 )按歩骤(2 )方法依次偶联 L型天冬酰胺 -L型甘氨酸 -L型谷氨酸 -L型 甘氨酸 -L型谷氨酰胺 -L型谷氨酰胺 -D型半胱氨酸;
(4) 将连接完最后一个氨基酸的珠子经 25% (v/v) 的三氟乙酸洗涤一次, 蒸馏水洗涤 3次;
( 5 )用无水氟化氢将小分子肽从树脂珠子上切下, 同时脱除所有侧链保护 基。 还原产物在 30% (v/v) 乙酸高度稀释下用碘作氧化剂, 使分子内 2个半胱 氨酸氧化形成二硫键。经 Sephadex-G-15柱层析,透析和高效液相层析分离纯化, 获得在反相高效液相层析 (分析柱) 为单一峰的高纯度产物。
2、 小分子肽探针 99mTC-cNGEGQQC的制备
( 1 ) 小分子肽与螯合剂 S-acetyl-MAG3 (巯基乙酰三甘氨酰 -N-羟基丁二酰 亚胺酯) 偶联后得到复合物 cNGEGQQc-MAG3 [乙酰化巯基乙醇 -GGG(D-Cys) cNGEGQQc(D-Cys)] , 理论分子量为 1125.05, 质谱测量其分子量为 1146.84 (见 附图 1 ), HPLC法监测其纯度为 96% (见附图 2)。 螯合剂 S-acetyl-MAG3与小 分子肽的偶联采用下列技术路线: ① SATA ( s-乙酰基巯基乙酰 -N-羟基丁二酰 亚胺) 的合成: 巯基乙酸和乙酸酐 (二者摩尔比为 1 : 1.1)在室温下反应 4d, 反 应产物以减压蒸馏 (115〜125°C、 2〜3mmHg)纯化,得到高纯度的乙酰化巯基乙 酸。 75mmol乙酰化巯基乙酸与 75mmol羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯(NHS)溶解于 150ml 二氧杂环乙烷中,在 4°C条件下与 75mmol二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)反应 16h, 过滤去除二环已脲, 溶剂经真空冻干后用异丙醇 2次重结晶而得到 SATA。②小 分子短肽 cNGEGQQc-MAG3复合物的合成: 按照上述 1的方法, 采用自动多肽 合成仪常规固相法合成目标多肽 cNGEGQQc , 并在合成过程中直接在其 N端连 接 3个甘氨酸,且在最后一个甘氨酸接完后,去保护,加入 1倍摩尔量的 SATA、 7倍摩尔量的 3mDIEA (二异丙基乙胺:)及 3倍摩尔量的 HBTU (1-羟基,苯并,三 氯唑四甲基六氟磷酸盐) 、 3倍摩尔量的 HOBT ( 1-羟基苯并三唑)反应 60min, 茚三酮反应检测为黄色即可。 然后用 NMP (N-甲基吡咯烷酮) 、 DCM (二氯甲 烷)交替洗 6次抽干。把切割液(lml乙二硫醇, 1ml苯甲硫醚, 0.5g苯酚, 0.4ml ¾0, 0.1ml三异丙基硅烷)倒入树脂中, 反应 7h左右后抽滤, 用乙醚沉淀、 离 心 4次, 最后晾干, 纯化得 cNGEGQQc-MAG3, 产物经 HPLC 鉴定。 即在合成 cNGEGQQc过程中直接完成与 MAG3的偶联。
( 2 )采用间接标记法实现 99mTc标记复合物 cNGEGQQc-MAG3, 具体方法 参照文献进行( Winnard P, et al. Nucl Med Biol, 1997, 24: 425-432 ) ,并略作改进。 标记缓冲液为 0.25 mol/L的 NaHC03、 0.18 mol/L氨水、 0.125 mol/L醋酸铵混合 液, 反应总体积 125μ1, 小分子肽 (cNGEGQQc-MAG3 ) 含量为 20μ 新鲜淋 洗的 99mTc( 淋洗液的放射性活度为 3.7x l07Bq,摇匀后水浴箱中反应完成标记。
对影响标记结果的 5个重要因素分别选取 4种不同水平: 酒石酸亚锡用量 分别为 0.25、 1、 5、 lO g/ul; 反应体系最终 pH值分别为 2、 4、 7.6、 10.0; 反 应温度分别为 25、 37、 75、 100°C ; 反应时间分别为 10、 20、 30、 60min (反应 过程中氮气密封); 转鳌合剂酒石酸钾钠的终浓度分别为 0.5、 1、 3.5、 ΙΟμ^μΙ , 采用正交设计进行分析, 以寻找最佳标记条件。 因素与水平设计见表 1, 正交表 及实验结果见表 2。
表 1 正交设计各因素水平 反应温度 反应时间 终溶液 酒石酸钾钠 酒石酸亚锡 水平数
CO (min) pH 浓度 (ug/ul) 浓度 (ug/ul)
1 25 10 2.0 0.5 0.25
2 37 20 4.0 1 1
3 75 30 7.6 3.5 5
4 100 60 10.0 10 10 表 2 正交设计表及实验结果
反应温度 反应时间 终溶液 酒石酸钾钠 酒石酸亚锡
实验次序 标记率(%)
CC ) (min) pH 浓度 (ug/ul) 浓度 (ug/ul)
1 25 10 2.0 0.5 0.25 7.50%
2 25 20 4.0 1 1 85.60%
3 25 30 7.6 3.5 5 98.60%
4 25 60 10.0 10 10 89.50%
5 37 10 2.0 0.5 0.25 85.20%
6 37 20 4.0 1 1 89.90%
7 37 30 7.6 3.5 5 98.30%
8 37 60 10.0 10 10 91.50%
9 75 10 2.0 0.5 0.25 85.40%
10 75 20 4.0 1 1 91.50%
11 75 30 7.6 3.5 5 94.80%
12 75 60 10.0 10 10 97.70%
13 100 10 2.0 0.5 0.25 97.60%
14 100 20 4.0 1 1 89.10%
15 100 30 7.6 3.5 5 93.50%
16 100 60 10.0 10 10 10.50% 经正交设计得出最佳标记条件为: 转鳌合剂酒石酸钾钠的终浓度为
3.5μ^μ1; 酒石酸亚锡用量为 5μ^μ1。 反应体系 pH 7.6, 25°C反应 30min完成标 记。
3、 小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQC的标记质量和体外稳定性鉴定 采用纸层析法测定标记率, 具体方法: 将标记后的混合物在层析纸一端点 样, 分别放入展开剂乙醇:氨水:水 (2 : 1 : 5) (系统 1 ) 和丙酮 (系统 2) 中, 待样品移至层析纸的另一端时, 将层析纸取出晾干, 并把层析纸按 10等份剪下 并放入试管中, 用 Y免疫计数器测定各试管的放射性, 收集两个峰的放射性计 数, 计算每个峰的放射性百分率 [放射性百分率= (放射性计数 /总放射性计数)
X 100%]和标记率 (标记率=系统 1中标记肽和 99mTc的放射性百分率 -系统 2中 "mTc的放射性百分率)。选用最佳标记条件标记小分子肽,纸层析法测定标记率 为 84%〜95%, 重复性好。
为评价小分子肽探针的体外稳定性, 采用纸层析法测定其放射化学纯度, 放射化学纯度 =系统 1中标记肽和 99mTc的放射性百分率 -系统 2中 99mTc的放射 性百分率。 经 HPLC纯化后的 99mTc-cNGEGQQc-MAG3在室温下放置 24 h, 放 置 Oh和 24h后的放射化纯度分别为 95%和 91%,表明标记物在室温条件下稳定 性良好; 为进一歩评价小分子肽探针在模拟体内环境中的稳定性, 将小分子肽 探针放置人新鲜血清中, 37°C下温育 24 h, 其放射化学纯度由 Oh的 95%, 逐歩 下降至 24h的 85%, 表明标记小分子肽探针在血清中稳定性良好 (见附图 3 ) 。
4、 小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQC的体内生物学分布分析
( 1 )取健康雄性昆明小鼠 15只, 4-6周龄,体重 19-21g,尾静脉注射 2.96MBq (0.1ml) 前述小分子肽探针 99mTC-cNGEGQQc, 分别于注射后 1、 3、 6、 12、 24h分别各处死 3只小鼠, 取血液及其它主要脏器, 称重并测定放射性计数, 经 放射性衰变校正后计算每克组织的百分注射剂量率(%10 :)。 采用 GE 公司的 Millennium VG SPECT, 探头配备低能高分辨准直器, 能峰中心为 140 KeV, 窗 宽 20%, 矩阵 128 X 128, 放大倍数为 1。
SPECT显像结果表明: 在健康小鼠各个组织器官中, 肾脏和肝脏的放射性 明显高于其它脏器, 其中又以肾脏的放射性最高, 清除时间长, 表明本发明小 分子肽探针主要经肾脏代谢; 随着观察时间的延长, 各脏器的的放射性逐渐下 降,胃肠的放射性变化比较平稳,说明小分子肽探针在体内稳定,没有游离 99mTc 释出, 肌肉组织对小分子肽探针的摄取也较少, 小分子肽探针在小鼠体内的放 射性分布结果详见表 3和附图 4。 由于肺脏、肌肉及骨骼对本发明小分子肽探针 的摄取较少, 本底将较低, 因此, 在临床肺癌患者显像时, 受周围组织的影响 较少, 肿瘤显像清晰。 表 3 99mTc-cNGEGQQc在小鼠体内放射性分布测定结果 (%ID/g) 组 织 lh 3h 6h 12h 24h 肝 5.0643± 1.3116 3.5032 ±01.4641 2.2112±2駕 1 1.8420 + 0.5133 1.4979±0.0196 脾 1.7332±0.1762 1.5724 ±1.0061 0.9598± 1.1390 0.8098±0.0330 0.7272± 1.1205 肾 5.4965± 1.1285 6.9413±2.12189 4.9006 ±0.7596 3.0748±0.3810 1.4445 ±0.2331 肺 0.8558±0.1760 0.5627±0.4336 0.3496 ±0.0457 0.2337±0.1501 0.1148±0.0137 胃 0.2304 ±0.0708 0.2442 ±0.0857 0.1965±0.1023 0.2326±0.0691 0.2266±0.0162 肠 0.1059±0.0296 0.1817±0.0737 0.1427±0.0550 0.1524±0.0150 0.1367±0.0256 肌肉 0.1261±0.0818 0.0920±0.01511 0.0950 ±0.0257 0.0691 ±0.0185 0.0702 ±0.0007 骨 0.2165±0.1083 0.3969±0.1026 0.2590±0.1329 0.1524±0.0315 0.1886±0.0723 血 0.7謝 ±0.3564 0.4845±0.1010 0.2987±0.1194 0.2387±0.0666 0.1205 ±0.0270
(2) 取健康雄性日本大耳兔 2只, 分别仰卧位固定于木制实验台上, 探头 视野中心对准兔胸腹部, 确保整个兔身均在探头视野范围内, 经耳缘静脉注射 生理盐水稀释的前述小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc0.5 ml (74 MBq) /只, 立 即以 1帧 /min采集 60 min, 并于 90、 120、 180、 240 min各预置计时 2 min采集 1帧, 观察兔体内组织器官放射性影像的动态分布变化。对获得的兔后位系列动 态图像进行感兴趣区(ROI)分析, 对心前区、肝、脾、双肾及膀胱划感兴趣区, 进行 ROI分析, 分别建立时间 -放射性曲线 (见附图 5〜9)。
5 小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc对人肺癌裸鼠动物模型中肿瘤诊断价值 的评价 ( 1 ) 人肿瘤裸鼠动物模型的建立。 实验用细胞分别为: 两种人非小细胞肺 癌细胞包括 NCI-H1975 (腺癌) 和 L78 (鳞癌)、 MCF7 (乳腺癌)、 HT-29 (大 肠癌) 及肝癌 (HepG2), 常规方法培养至对数生长期, 胰蛋白酶消化, 离心除 去消化液, PBS洗涤 2次, 加入无血清培养液制备单细胞悬液, 调整细胞浓度 为 5 X 106/ml, 分别于裸鼠背部皮下注射细胞悬液 0.2ml, 建立不同肿瘤细胞的 动物模型, 每种肿瘤各 4只裸鼠模型, 定期观察肿瘤生长情况及裸鼠的一般情 况如精神、 饮食及体重等, 待肿瘤直径达 lcm左右时, 准备用于实验。
(2) 小分子肽探针在肿瘤裸鼠动物模型中成像观察。 采用 SPECT成像技 术对前述小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc在 NCI-H1975、 L78、 MCF7、 HT-29 及 HepG2裸鼠动物模型体内显像,每只小鼠注射 0.1ml小分子肽探针,另取 0.1ml 99mTc 标记非相关小分子肽 (99mTc-cNAQAEQC) 作为对照。 于鼠尾静脉注药后 即刻、 0.5h、 lh、 2h、 3h、 5h、 6h、 24h进行 SPECT显像, 连续追踪观察小分 子肽探针在动物模型体内分布的变化, 记录肿瘤开始显影时间及浓集高峰时间, 分析二种不同肺癌及其它肿瘤成像的效果及特点。
注射小分子肽探针后 SPECT平面显像可见, 小分子肽探针主要浓聚于双侧 肾脏和膀胱, 肝脏组织也有部分放射性摄取, 此外肠道有少量摄取。膀胱内可见 放射性浓聚, 四肢和头胸部显像剂分布稀疏, 随后膀胱内放射性持续浓聚, 肿 瘤 (L78) 的放射性分布呈减低趋势 (见附图 10)。
注射小分子肽探针 30min后, 肿瘤隐约显影, 随着时间的延长, 肿瘤内小分 子肽探针浓聚逐渐增多, 图像清晰易辨。 附图 11为注射小分子肽探针后 2h时显 像, 可见肿瘤(H1975 )显像清晰, 而注射 99mTc标记阴性小分子肽进行平面显像 示肿瘤部位显像模糊。 (3 ) 小分子肽探针在肿瘤裸鼠动物模型的体内生物分布
注射小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc后 2h, 肿瘤内放射性浓聚最明显, 放 射性标记物在肾脏的摄取最高,脑部的摄取最低。靶 /非靶(T/NT) 摄取比值显示 肿瘤与脑、 肿瘤与肌肉的摄取比值较高, 分别为 10.32和 4.76, 而肿瘤与血液摄 取比值为 1.46 (见表 4) 。 表 499mTc-cNGEGQQc在荷瘤裸鼠体内的 T/NT比值 (n=3) 肿瘤 /脏器 T/NT比值 肿瘤 /肝脏 0.47±0.13
肿瘤 /脑 10.32±4.26
肿瘤 /肾 0.23±0.18
肿瘤 /肺脏 0.92±0.17
肿瘤 /心脏 4.43±0.75
肿瘤 /骨骼 1.82±0.84
肿瘤 /肌肉 4.76±0.79
肿瘤 /胃 1.19±0.11
肿瘤 /小肠 1.11±0.32
肿瘤 /血液 1.46±0.26 由以上实验可见, 小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQc对两种非小细胞肺癌细 胞 (腺癌和鳞癌) 的肿瘤病灶均有较好的成像效果, 而作为阴性对照的非相关 小分子肽在动物模型中未见显像。 另外, 小分子肽探针 99mTc-cNGEGQQC在乳 腺癌、 大肠癌及肝癌的动物模型中均无显像。 表明本发明小分子肽探针能作为 载体, 将诊断型同位素 99mTc经过血液循环运送至肺癌移植瘤内, 并与肺癌细胞 发生特异性结合。
本实施例采用目前临床广泛应用放射性同位素 99mTc标记肺癌细胞特异性小 分子肽制备的肺癌分子影像探针, 根据本发明建立的标记方法为基础, 可以不 断更换造影剂如 mIn、 18F-FDG、68Ga、64Cu等,从而获得适用于 SPECT、 PET/CT、 MRI等影像设备的理想肺癌分子影像探针。
实施例 2
1 小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂 ( 131I-cNGEGQQc) 的制备
按照实施例 1中小分子肽的合成原理, 混合小分子肽 cNGEGQQc、 酪氨酸 和氨基酸缩合剂 EDC-HCI[ ( 1-乙基 -3-二甲基氨基丙基 )碳化二胺基盐酸盐] ( 1: 3: 3.6摩尔比), 室温下反应 2小时后, 将小分子肽的氨基 (N) 端与酪氨酸的 羧基进行缩合连接, 制备小分子肽 cNGEGQQc-Tyr复合物 (见附图 12)。
采用氯胺 -T标记法实现 1311标记小分子肽 cNGEGQQc, 具体方法如下: 取 N-端连接有酪氨酸的上述小分子肽 50μ 用 0.5Μ PBS ( ρΗ=7.4) 50μ1稀 释; 待小分子肽完全溶解后加入 131Ι 37ΜΒ /20μ1, 然后加入氯胺 -Τ 30μ1 (3μ^μ1), 使得氯胺 -Τ终浓度为 0.9μ^μ1, 震荡反应 2min, 用 45μ1 (4μ^μ1) 偏重亚硫酸钠溶 液终止反应, 再加入 0.5M PBS (ρΗ=7.4) 溶液 200μ1混匀, 取标记后的反应液, 在层析纸上点样, 在展开液为正丁醇: 乙醇: 氨水 (5: 1 :2 ) 混合液中进行纸层 析,然后利用放射性薄层扫描仪测量,计算出标记率。将反应混合液通过 Sephadex G25层析柱进行分离纯化,取纯化后的标记小分子肽溶液进行纸层析法测定放化 纯度 (见附图 13 )。
Sephadex G25 层析柱制备方法及标记小分子肽的纯化方法: 称取 lg Sephadex (葡聚糖凝胶) G25在 PBS (pH7.4) 中浸泡 24h, 轻轻摇动除去细小 颗粒, 待其充分膨胀后, 抽气减压, 然后将凝胶加入玻璃层析管中; 先用 PBS (pH7.4) 平衡层析柱, 然后用 BSA (20mg溶于 lml的 PBS) 过柱饱和, 再经 PBS (pH7.4)洗涤后, 将上述标记反应液过柱, 收集 A280nm吸收峰的洗脱液; 加入适量 BSA和 NaN3, 分装冻存备用。
2 小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂(mI-cNGEGQQc) 的标记质量控制和体外 稳定性鉴定
采用纸层析法测定标记率, 具体方法: 将标记后的混合物在层析纸一端点 样, 分别放入展开剂正丁醇: 乙醇: 氨水 (5: 1 :2 ) 混合液中, 待样品迁移至层 析纸的另一端时,将层析纸取出晾干,并把层析纸按 10等份剪下并放入试管中, 用 Y免疫计数器测定各试管的放射性, 并据此计算标记率 (纯化前标记物峰的 放射性计数占各峰总放射性计数的百分比:) 和放化纯度(纯化后标记物峰的放射 性计数占各峰总放射性计数的百分比), 131I-cNGEGQQc的迁移率(Rf) =0-0.1, 游离 1311的 Rf=0.4-0.6和 0.9-1.0。 1311标记 cNGEGQQc的最佳条件为: 最佳的 cNGEGQQc/氯胺 -T质量比为 1 : 1.8, 在 20°C、 pH值 7.4和反应时间 2min, 在最 佳条件下经纸层析法测定标记率均大于 90%。 1311标记 cNGEGQQc的 HPLC分 析结果见附图 14。
为评价小分子放射治疗剂的体外稳定性, 采用纸层析法测定其在室温下和 人血清中放置 0-24h的放射化学纯度变化, 经 HPLC纯化后的 131I-cNGEGQQc 在室温下放置 24h后的放射化纯度均大于 90%, 表明标记物在室温条件下稳定 性良好; 为进一歩评价小分子放射治疗剂在模拟体内环境中的稳定性, 将小分 子放射治疗剂放置人新鲜血清中, 37°C下温育 24h, 其放射化学纯度由 Oh 的 92.5%, 逐歩下降至 24h的 88.2%, 表明标记小分子放射治疗剂在血清中稳定性 良好。
4本发明小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂的体内生物学分布分析
( 1 )取健康雄性昆明小鼠 15只, 4-6周龄,体重 19-21g,尾静脉注射 0.48MBq (50μ1) 131I-cNGEGQQc, 分别于注射后 1、 3、 6、 12、 24h分别各处死 3只小 鼠, 取血液及主要脏器, 称重并测定放射性计数, 经放射性衰变校正后计算每 克组织的百分注射剂量率(%ID/g)。采用 GE公司的 Millennium VG SPECT, 探 头配备低能高分辨准直器, 能峰中心为 364 KeV, 窗宽 20%, 矩阵 128X128, 放大倍数为 1。
SPECT显像结果详见表 1: 在健康小鼠各个组织器官中, 肾脏的放射性明 显高于其它脏器, 且清除时间长, 表明本发明小分子放射治疗剂主要经肾脏代 谢; 其次是胃, 随着时间的延长, 各个脏器的的放射性逐渐下降, 胃肠的放射 性变化比较平稳,说明小分子放射治疗剂在体内稳定,没有明显的游离 131ι释出, 肌肉组织和脑组织对小分子放射治疗剂的摄取最少。 131I-cNGEGQQc 在小鼠体 内的放射性分布结果详见表 5。
I-cNGEGQQc在小鼠体内放射性分布测定结果 (%ID/g) 组 织 lh 3h 6h 12h 24h 肝 0.3830±0.0018 0.4152±0.0024 0.1403 ±0.0004 0.0829 ±0.0007 0.0338±0.0001 脾 0.2034 ±0.0008 0.3137±0.0023 0.1841 ±0.0002 0.0770 ±0.0005 0.0384±0.0001 肾 2.4804 ±0.0059 2.0763 ±0.0072 0.9813 ±0.0025 0.3812±0.0023 0.2028 ±0.0006 肺 0.3773 ±0.0012 0.3896±0.0021 0.2395 ±0.0008 0.2879 ±0.0023 0.0765±0.0001 胃 0.6943 ±0.0034 1.2331 ±0.0095 0.8734±0.0035 0.7219±0.0105 0.0696 ±0.0005 肠 0.2910±0.0011 0.3185±0.0012 0.1956±0.0004 0.1354±0.0009 0.0723±0.0003 肌肉 0.0800 ±0.0002 0.0874 ±0.0005 0.0515±0.0004 0.0394 ±0.0003 0.0206±0.0001 骨 0.2420 ±0.0005 0.2517 ±0.0009 0.1604 ±0.0006 0.0887±0.0004 0.0702±0.0001 脑 0.0279 ±0.0007 0.0273 ±0.0002 0.0159±0.0004 0.0183±0.0001 0.0170±0.0001 血 0.4297±0.0019 0.5124 ±0.0028 0.3971 ±0.0016 0.1788±0.0017 0.0644 ±0.0002
(2) 取健康雄性日本大耳兔 2只, 分别仰卧位固定于木制实验台上, 探头 视野中心对准兔胸腹部, 确保整个兔身均在探头视野范围内, 经耳缘静脉注射 生理盐水稀释的 131I-cNGEGQQc 0.5 ml ( 14.8 MBq) /只, 立即进行动态显像和 多时相静态显像, 观察兔体内组织器官放射性影像的动态分布变化。 采集条件 如下: 首先 1帧 /10秒 x6, 其次 1帧 /1分钟 x4, 然后 1帧 /5分钟 x5, 最后于注药 后 30分钟、 1小时和 3.5小时分别进行全身前位和后位静态显像。 同时对获得 的兔后位系列动态采集图像进行感兴趣区(ROI)半定量分析,对心前区、肝脾、 双肾及膀胱划感兴趣区, 进行 ROI分析, 建立各自的时间 -放射性曲线 (见附图 15-16)。
5本发明小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂对肺癌生长的抑制作用
人肿瘤裸鼠动物模型的建立。 实验用细胞分别为: 二种人非小细胞肺癌细胞 包括 NCI-H1975 (腺癌) 和 L78 (鳞癌), 常规方法培养至对数生长期, 胰蛋白 酶消化, 离心除去消化液, PBS洗涤 2次, 加入无血清培养液制备单细胞悬液, 调整细胞浓度为 5 X 106/ml, 分别于裸鼠背部皮下注射细胞悬液 0.2ml, 建立不 同肺癌细胞的动物模型, 每种肺癌细胞各 12只裸鼠模型, 定期观察肿瘤生长情 况及裸鼠的一般情况如精神、 饮食及体重等, 待肿瘤直径达 lcm左右时, 开始 抑瘤实验。
治疗前 3天开始饮用水中加入终浓度为 0.2%的碘化钾溶液, 以封闭甲状腺, 直至实验结束。 每种肺癌的 12只裸鼠模型随机分为 3组, 每组 4只, 于鼠尾静 脉分别注射: (A) 131I-cNGEGQQc; (B) 131I-cNAQAEQc (阴性对照小分子肽); (C) 1311; (D) 生理盐水; 分别于给药后的第 3、 6、 9、 12、 15、 18、 21、 24、 27、 30天测量裸鼠体重和移植瘤的长径和宽径, 计算移植瘤的体积(ν=4/3 Χ π X R1 X R1 X R2; R1 <R2, R1为最短半径, R2为最长半径) 。 根据各组肿瘤体积变化情况, 绘制肿瘤生长曲线, 结果显示给药 7 天后, 131I-cNGEGQQc组 H1975和 L78移植瘤体积开始缩小, 其它组移植瘤体积继续 增大 (见附图 17-18) ; 继续观察各组裸鼠的生存期, 中位生存期依次为 (A) 131I-cNGEGQQc组 54天; (B) 131I-cNAQAEQc组 (阴性对照小分子肽) 45天; (C) 1311组 42天; (D) 生理盐水组 43天。 结果表明本发明小分子放射治疗剂 有明显抑制体内肿瘤生长作用。
6本发明小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂对重要脏器毒性影响的评价
(1) 放射治疗剂对人肺癌裸鼠动物模型的毒性分析
人肺癌裸鼠动物模型给予放射治疗剂 3周后, 处死裸鼠,分别留取血液、肝、 肾、 心、 肺、 脾等重要脏器, 常规方法分析血细胞及肝、 肾生化功能; 常规病 理切片检查肝、 肾等组织, 显微镜下观察各组织器官的细胞形态变化; 常规电 子显微镜切片下观察各组织器官细胞的超微形态结构变化。
血细胞分析结果显示 131I-cNGEGQQc组红细胞、白细胞及血小板数量较生理 盐水对照组无明显改变, 131I-cNAQAEQc组和 1311组白细胞数量较生理盐水对照 组降低;生化分析结果显示小分子放射治疗剂组反应肝功能指标 [丙氨酸氨基转 移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)],及反应肾功能指标 [肌酐(CRE)、 尿素氮 (BUN) ]均未见明显异常 (尸<0.05) (见表 6)。 常规病理切片和超微电 镜检查肝脏、 肾脏、 心脏、 肺脏均未见明显改变。
表 6131I-cNGEGQQc对裸鼠肺癌模型血细胞和生化的影响 (24h)
π„ 血细胞分析 生化分析
RBC(T/L) WBC(G/L) PLT(G/L) ALT(U/L) AST(U/L) BU (mmol/L) Cr^mol/L)
I-cNGEGQQc 8.1 ±0.4 16.5±0.5 1024.7±39.0 59.3 ±4.8 173.6±22.8 9.3±0.6 33.4±3.0
I-cNAQAEQc 7.8士 0.3 14.4±1.5* 974.7±31.2 62.6±4.8 181.5±25.1 9.8±1.4 39.2±2.5
131I 7.8 ±0.2 13.6±0.7* 991.2 + 52.5 60.7±7.8 171.7±10.8 9.4±1.3 42.7±3.8 生理盐水 8.4士 0.5 17.8±1.2 1143.8±33.9 66.0±4.7 150.0±12.7 8.2±0.7 41.0±3.3 P值 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 (2) 放射治疗剂对健康兔的毒性分析
6只健康家兔,饮食及活动状态佳, 3只注射放射治疗剂, 3只注射生理盐水, 注射前 15min, 测量各只兔体温在 38.9〜9.3 °C之间; 注射后 24 h内, 3次测量 的体温分别如下: l h在 38.7〜39.2 °C之间, 12 h在 39.1〜39.6 °C之间, 24 h在 38.9-39.1 °C之间。 每只家兔 24 h内的体温升高值在 0.7 °C以下, 3次测量的体 温升高总值在 1.5 °C以下。 耳缘静脉抽取血液 2ml, 行血细胞及肝、 肾生化功能 分析, 相对于对照组, 除外小分子放射治疗剂组 24小时血细胞中血小板数量减 少, 其余时间点血细胞、 肝功能指标 (ALT、 AST) 及反应肾功能指标 (CRE、 BUN) 的分析结果均未见明显异常 (见表 7), 呼吸、 自主及中枢神经系统行为 也无明显异常表现。 表明小分子放射治疗剂对肺脏、 肝脏、 肾脏、 心脏等器官 无明显毒性作用。
表 7131I-cNGEGQQc对健康家兔血细胞和生化的影响
~~ ~ 血细胞分析 生化分析
" RBC(T/L) WBC(G/L) PLT(G/L) ALT(U/L) AST(U/L) BU (mmol/L) Cr ol/L)
Ί-cNGEGQQc
治疗前 4.8±0.3 11.3±0.5 343.7±5.2 48.7±1.8 14.3±2.9 6.0±0.5 89.3±4.3 治疗后 (24h) 5.4±0.5 9.6±0.3 222.7±5.3* 60.5±10.3 22.1 ±6.8 8.6±0.3 97.7±4.9 治疗后 (3m) 5.2±0.2 12.7±1.7 320.7±49.6 49.4±3.9 22.6±6.3 9.9±5.6 101.3 ±8.4 尸值 >0.05 >0.05 <0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 >0.05 本实施例采用目前临床广泛应用的治疗性放射性同位素 1311标记肺癌细胞 特异性小分子肽制备的肺癌靶向放射药物, 近年来随着新型同位素的不断发现 和应用,根据本发明建立的标记方法为基础,可以不断更换新型同位素如 188Re、 90 Y, 从而获得治疗效果更为理想的肺癌靶向放射治疗剂。
以上实施例仅为介绍本发明的优选案例, 对于本领域技术人员来说, 在不 背离本发明精神的范围内所进行的任何显而易见的变化和改进, 都应被视为本 发明的一部分。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种小分子肽, 其为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨 酸, X为 20个氨基酸中的任一种。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的小分子肽,其氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ IN NO:
1 ), 其中, c表示 D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
3. 一种小分子肽探针, 由放射性同位素标记小分子肽后所得, 所述小分子肽为 含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸, X为 20个氨基酸 中的任一种。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的小分子肽探针, 其特征在于, 所述小分子肽的氨基酸 序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ ID N0.1 ) , 其中, c表示 D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L 型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
5. 根据权利要求 3 所述的小分子肽探针, 其特征在于, 所述放射性同位素为 99mTc、 mIn、 18F-FDG、 68Ga、 64Cu中的任一种。
6. 一种小分子肽探针的制备方法, 包括如下歩骤:
( 1 )将小分子肽与螯合剂 S-acetyl-MAG3 (巯基乙酰三甘氨酰 -N-羟基丁二酰 亚胺酯) 偶联后得到小分子肽 -MAG3复合物;
(2 ) 用放射性同位素标记小分子肽 -MAG3复合物得到小分子肽探针; 所述小分子肽为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸, X 为 20个氨基酸中的任一种;
所述放射性同位素为 99mTc。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的小分子肽探针的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述小分子 肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ ID NO. l ) ,其中, c表示 D型半胱氨酸,
N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表示 L型 谷氨酰胺。
8. 权利要求 3〜5任一项所述的小分子肽探针在制备肺癌分子影像诊断试剂中 的应用。
9. 一种小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂, 由治疗性放射同位素标记小分子肽后所 得, 所述小分子肽为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨 酸, X为 20个氨基酸中的任一种。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂, 其特征在于, 所述小分 子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ ID ΝΟ: 1 ), 其中, c表示 D型半胱 氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷氨酸, Q表 示 L型谷氨酰胺。
1 1.根据权利要求 9所述的小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂, 其特征在于, 所述治疗 性放射同位素为 131l、 188Re、 9QY中的任一种。
12.一种小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂的制备方法, 包括如下歩骤:
1 ) 将小分子肽的 N端连接上酪氨酸;
2) 将 N-端连接有酪氨酸的小分子肽溶解后, 加入治疗性放射同位素, 然后 再加入氯胺 -T, 震荡反应 2min, 用偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应;
所述小分子肽为含有 XGXG结构的 8肽分子, 其中, G表示 L型甘氨酸, X 为 20个氨基酸中的任一种;
所述治疗性放射同位素为 1311。
13.根据权利要求 12所述的小分子肺癌靶向放射治疗剂的制备方法, 其特征在 于, 所述小分子肽的氨基酸序列为 cNGEGQQc ( SEQ ID NO: l ), 其中, c表 示 D型半胱氨酸, N表示 L型天冬酰胺, G表示 L型甘氨酸, E表示 L型谷 氨酸, Q表示 L型谷氨酰胺。
根据权利要求 12所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 歩骤 1 ) 的具体操作为: 混 合小分子肽和酪氨酸, 加入氨基酸缩合剂 EDC-HCI[1-乙基- (3-二甲基氨基 丙基) 碳化二胺基盐酸盐], 室温下反应 2小时后, 将小分子肽的氨基 (N) 端与酪氨酸的羧基进行缩合连接。
根据权利要求 12所述的制备方法, 其特征在于, 歩骤 2) 的具体操作为: 用 0.5M PBS ( pH=7.4)稀释 N-端连接有酪氨酸的小分子肽, 待小分子肽完全溶 解后加入 131Ι 37ΜΒ /20μ1, 然后加入终浓度为 0.9μ§/μ1的氯胺 -Τ, 震荡反应 2min, 用 45μ1 (4μ^μ1) 偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应。
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