WO2013170577A1 - 滤波装置 - Google Patents
滤波装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013170577A1 WO2013170577A1 PCT/CN2012/082717 CN2012082717W WO2013170577A1 WO 2013170577 A1 WO2013170577 A1 WO 2013170577A1 CN 2012082717 W CN2012082717 W CN 2012082717W WO 2013170577 A1 WO2013170577 A1 WO 2013170577A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- coaxial
- dielectric
- filters
- metal cavity
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/202—Coaxial filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/205—Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
- H01P1/2084—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure with dielectric resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
- H01P1/2136—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using comb or interdigital filters; using cascaded coaxial cavities
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a filtering device.
- the filter has a wide range of applications in mobile communication systems.
- the duplexer of the transceiver module of the base station is composed of an RF (radio frequency) cavity filter, which is located on the back structure of the transceiver board.
- the cavity filter usually adopts a coaxial filter with a coaxial cavity.
- the TE01 mode dielectric filter consists of a TE01 mode dielectric resonator operating in TE01 mode. Since the TE01 mode dielectric resonator is fabricated using a high Q (power factor) microwave dielectric ceramic, the TE01 mode dielectric filter has a low insertion loss. The requirement for low insertion loss of mobile communication systems has become commercialized.
- the distance between the higher harmonics of the TE01 mode dielectric filter and the pass band is about 200 ⁇ 400MHz, which causes the higher harmonics of the TE01 mode dielectric filter to be less suppressed. 70dB, the performance of remote suppression is poor.
- the far end refers to a frequency exceeding 100 MHz above the high frequency end of the pass band.
- the prior art proposes two solutions: One is to add a metal resonator at the port of the TE01 mode dielectric filter, which can make the higher harmonic frequency and pass band The distance is far, but the suppression of higher harmonics Still not meeting the requirements, and the insertion loss is large; the other is to add a low-pass filter in the front stage of the TE 01 mode dielectric filter, which can improve the suppression of higher frequency harmonics, but because The stop band of the low-pass filter is not steep, and high-order harmonics of about 200 to 4 00 MHz from the passband cannot be obtained with high suppression and large insertion loss.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a filtering apparatus capable of reducing insertion loss and obtaining better far-end suppression performance.
- a filtering device comprising: a first level unit and a second level unit; the first level unit is composed of at least three coaxial filters, each of the coaxial filters is sequentially arranged and adjacent to each other in the arrangement direction Coaxial filter coupling; two non-adjacent coaxial filters in the arrangement direction of the at least three coaxial filters are inductively coupled to generate transmission at a high frequency end of the first stage unit pass band a zero point; the second stage unit is composed of at least three dielectric filters, each of the dielectric filters is sequentially arranged and coupled to an adjacent dielectric filter in an arrangement direction; and the tail portion is arranged in the first level unit a coaxial filter coupled to a dielectric filter of the head arranged in the second stage unit; a passband of the first stage unit covers a passband of the second stage unit, and the first stage unit The bandwidth is twice the bandwidth of the second-level unit; the transmission zero of the first-level unit is located at the second harmonic frequency of the second-level unit.
- the passband of the first-stage unit composed of at least three coaxial filters covers the passband of the second-stage unit composed of at least three dielectric filters, and the first stage
- the bandwidth of the cell is twice the bandwidth of the second cell, so that when the coaxial filter is coupled to the dielectric filter, the insertion loss of the coaxial filter is reduced, thereby reducing the insertion loss of the filter device as a whole. Since the second harmonic frequency of the second-stage unit is transmitted by causing the first-stage unit to transmit a zero point, the filtering device can be highly suppressed to the second harmonic, and thus a better far-end suppression performance is obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of two coaxial filters coupled through a coupling window according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of two dielectric filters coupled through a coupling window according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a dielectric filter used in a filtering device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a coaxial filter used in a filtering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing coupling of a coupling loop after a coaxial filter of a tail portion of a first-stage unit arrangement and a dielectric filter of a second-stage unit array head are connected in a filter device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a physical photograph of a filtering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another filtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a filtering apparatus. As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes: a first level unit and an A1 second level unit Bl.
- the first stage unit A 1 is composed of at least three coaxial filters (11, 12, 13, 14), and each of the coaxial filters is sequentially arranged, for example, according to 11->12->13->14 The order is arranged to form the alignment direction Cl.
- Each of the coaxial filters is coupled to an adjacent coaxial filter in an arrangement direction C1, that is, the coaxial filter 11 is coupled to the coaxial filter 12.
- the coaxial filter 12 is coupled to a coaxial filter 13, which is coupled to a coaxial filter 14.
- the coupling between the coaxial filters can be coupled through the coupling window as shown in FIG. 1, and the coupling window is opened on the sidewall of the metal cavity of the coaxial filter. It can also be coupled in other ways, such as coupling loop coupling.
- Figure 2 shows the case where two coaxial filters are coupled through a coupling window.
- Two non-adjacent coaxial filters in the arrangement direction C1 of the at least three coaxial filters are inductively coupled, for example, a coaxial filter 11 and a coaxial filter 13
- the coaxial filter 12 and the coaxial filter 14 are also two non-adjacent coaxial filters along the arrangement direction C1. According to the transmission phase characteristics of the filter, through the inductive coupling between the above-mentioned coaxial filters, a transmission zero is generated on the right side of the pass band of the first-stage unit, that is, at the high-frequency end of the pass band.
- Two non-adjacent coaxial filters in the arrangement direction for generating the transmission zero point at the high frequency end of the pass band of the first-stage unit A1 may be coupled through a coupling window, or may be coupled by other means. Such as coupling loop coupling.
- a coupling window is provided between the coaxial filter 11 and the coaxial filter 13. The size of the coupling window determines where the zero point is transmitted.
- the second-stage unit B1 is configured by at least three dielectric filters (15, 16, 17) such that the second-level unit B1 is formed as a band-pass filter having a certain bandwidth, and the dielectric filters are sequentially arranged. For example, they are arranged in the order of 15->16->17 to form the arrangement direction D1. Each of the dielectric filters is coupled to an adjacent dielectric filter in the arrangement direction D1.
- the coupling between the dielectric filters can be coupled by a coupling window as shown in FIG. 1, and the coupling window is opened on the sidewall of the metal cavity of the dielectric filter. It can also be coupled in other ways, such as coupling loop coupling.
- Figure 3 shows two dielectric filters through the coupling window Coupling situation.
- the coaxial filter 14 located at the tail of the arrangement in the first-stage unit A1 is coupled to the dielectric filter 15 in which the heads are arranged in the second-stage unit B1.
- the coupling of the coaxial filter 14 and the dielectric filter 15 may be coupled by a coupling loop as shown in Fig. 1, or may be coupled by other means, such as coupling window coupling. Among them, the coupling coupling method has the strongest coupling strength.
- the passband of the first-stage unit A1 covers the passband of the second-level unit B1, and the bandwidth of the first-level unit A1 is twice the bandwidth of the second-level unit B1.
- the unit composed of at least three coaxial filters or at least three dielectric filters is a band pass filter, that is, both the first stage unit A1 and the second stage unit B1 are band pass filters.
- the passband of the second-stage unit B1 is 1610 MHz to 1630 MHz
- the bandwidth is 20 MHz
- the passband of the first-stage unit A1 can be designed to be 1600 MHz to 1640 MHz
- the bandwidth is 40 MHz, which is twice the bandwidth of the second-level unit B1. .
- the coupling loss of the coaxial filter can be reduced when the first stage unit is coupled to the second stage unit, that is, when the coaxial filter is coupled to the dielectric filter, thereby reducing the filtering.
- the insertion loss of the device as a whole.
- the transmission zero of the first stage unit A1 shown in Fig. 1 is located at the second harmonic frequency point of the second stage unit B1.
- the transmission zero is generated by the inductive coupling of two non-adjacent coaxial filters in the arrangement direction C1, and the transmission zero point is the highest suppression frequency.
- the electromagnetic wave having the second harmonic frequency cannot pass the filtering device, that is, the electromagnetic wave having the second harmonic frequency is filtered.
- the device is filtered out. For example: If the second harmonic of the second-stage unit B1 is 2740MHz, the first-stage unit A1 is designed so that its transmission zero is at 2740MHz.
- the suppression of the second harmonic is a far-end suppression for the second-stage unit B1 composed of a plurality of dielectric filters
- experiments have shown that the transmission zero of the first-stage unit A1 is located in the second-level unit B1.
- the second harmonic frequency can make the filtering device suppress the second harmonic by more than 80dB, thus obtaining better far-end suppression performance.
- the filtering device further includes a first stage unit and a second level unit
- the housing 18 is provided with two coaxial connectors, wherein the coaxial connector in is a signal input terminal, and is connected to the coaxial filter 11 at the head of the first-stage unit A1.
- the coaxial connector out is a signal output terminal connected to the dielectric filter 17 at the tail of the arrangement of the second-stage unit B1.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a dielectric filter of a typical structure, the dielectric filter including: a metal cavity 41; a dielectric resonator 42 fixed to the bottom of the metal cavity 41; and a top of the metal cavity 41 a medium tuning disk 43, which is opposite to the dielectric resonator 42 and reduces or increases with the dielectric resonator 42 when the dielectric tuning disk 43 moves toward the bottom or top of the metal cavity 41. The distance between them is to adjust the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator 42; the side wall of the metal cavity 41 is provided with a coupling window (not shown in Fig. 4).
- the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 4 is a dielectric filter located in the alignment head in the second-stage unit. Therefore, a coupling ring 44 is further disposed on a sidewall of the metal cavity 41 where the coupling window is not disposed. 44 is connected to the coaxial connector 45 of the outer wall of the metal cavity 41.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a coaxial filter of a typical structure, the coaxial filter including: a metal cavity 51; a conductor 52 coaxial with the metal cavity 51 fixed to the bottom of the metal cavity 51 a tuning screw 53 fixed to the top of the metal cavity 51, the tuning screw 53 being opposite to the conductor 52, reducing or increasing when the tuning screw 53 moves toward the bottom or top of the metal cavity 51
- the distance between the conductors 52 is to adjust the reflection delay of the coaxial filter; the side wall of the metal cavity is provided with a coupling window (not shown in FIG. 5).
- the coaxial filter shown in FIG. 5 is a coaxial filter located at the tail of the arrangement in the first-stage unit. Therefore, a coupling tap 54 is disposed on the sidewall of the metal cavity 51 where the coupling window is not disposed, and the coupling is provided.
- the tap 54 is connected to the coaxial connector 55 of the outer wall of the metal cavity 51.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the coupling of the coupling ring after the dielectric filter shown in Fig. 4 and the coaxial filter shown in Fig. 5 are connected by respective coaxial connectors.
- dielectric filter and the coaxial filter used in the filtering device are not limited to the structures shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- 2.62GHz adjust the thickness and diameter of the medium; then install the dielectric resonator into the metal cavity to form a single-cavity dielectric filter; tune the depth of the medium tuning disk so that the resonance point of the single-cavity dielectric filter is around 2.62GHz;
- the single-chamber dielectric filter was tested under a network analyzer and found to have a second harmonic point at 2.76 GHz.
- the number of dielectric filters is designed to be seven.
- a coaxial filter with a central frequency band of 2610MHz and a bandwidth of 40MHz that satisfies the second harmonic frequency band is simulated.
- the number is four; according to the coupling matrix, the size of the coupling window between the coaxial filters can be calculated; and the transmission zero is generated at the 2.76G frequency point.
- the electromagnetic waves propagate along the alignment direction of each coaxial filter, and are transmitted by the transverse electromagnetic waves between the metal cavities of the coaxial filters, and the metal cavity of the coaxial filter arranged at the tail passes through the tap and the coaxial connector in the cavity.
- the wall is coupled to a dielectric filter that aligns the heads in the second stage unit.
- the coaxial filter of the tail unit of the first stage unit and the dielectric filter of the head unit of the second stage unit are coupled by a coupling loop.
- the arrangement of the first and second units is arranged, and the overall layout is arranged.
- each filter contains a metal cavity
- the cavity can be integrally formed to simplify the manufacturing process. 7. Assemble the machined metal cavity, coaxial connector, conductor, resonator and cover.
- Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the filter device produced in accordance with the above steps.
- each of the coaxial filter and each of the dielectric filters may be arranged in various manners, and the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 may be employed, or the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 may be employed.
- the metal cavity of the coaxial filter in Fig. 8 has a circular cross-sectional shape, which is different from the square shape shown in Fig. 1, and can also be an opposite cavity.
- the specific cross-sectional shape can be designed according to the overall structure of the filter device.
- the same reference numerals in Fig. 8 as those in Fig. 1 have the same meanings as in Fig. 1.
- the filtering device since the passband of the first-stage unit covers the passband of the second-level unit, and the bandwidth of the first-level unit is twice the bandwidth of the second unit, coupling the coaxial filter When the filter is applied to the dielectric filter, the insertion loss of the coaxial filter is reduced, thereby reducing the insertion loss of the filter device as a whole. Since the filtering device has a high degree of suppression of the second harmonic by causing the first-stage unit transmission zero to be located at the second harmonic frequency of the second-level unit, a better far-end suppression performance is obtained.
- the second harmonic is represented as a higher harmonic, and a high degree of suppression of the second harmonic is obtained, thereby obtaining a good far-end suppression performance.
- the design method of the third-stage unit can refer to the design and fabrication method of the first-stage unit, so that the transmission zero of the third-level unit is located at other higher harmonics other than the second harmonic, so as to perform high on the designated higher harmonics. inhibition.
- the third-stage unit can also use the existing candied fruit low-pass filter, using its resistance The band achieves high suppression of higher harmonics than the second harmonic.
- the filtering device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is mainly used as a duplexer of a transceiver module of a base station.
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种滤波装置,涉及移动通信技术领域,解决了现有的滤波器插入损耗大,远端抑制性能不佳的问题。本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中,由于由至少三个同轴滤波器构成的第一级单元的通带覆盖由至少三个介质滤波器构成的第二级单元的通带,且第一级单元的带宽为第二单元带宽的两倍,使得将同轴滤波器耦合至介质滤波器时,同轴滤波器的插入损耗降低,从而降低了滤波装置整体的插入损耗。由于通过使第一级单元传输零点位于第二级单元的二次谐波频点,可以使滤波装置对该二次谐波有很高的抑制度,因此获得了较好的远端抑制性能。本发明实施例提供的滤波装置主要用作基站的收发信机模块的双工器。
Description
滤波装置 本申请要求于 2012 年 5 月 16 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210152024. X、 发明名称为 "滤波装置" 的中国专利申请的优先 权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术领域, 尤其涉及滤波装置。
背景技术
滤波器在移动通信系统中有着广泛的应用, 例如, 基站的收发 信机模块的双工器由 RF ( Radio Frequency, 简称为: 射频) 腔体 滤波器构成, 位于收发信机单板的背面结构件上, 用于单路大功率 射频信号的传输。 其中, 腔体滤波器通常采用具有同轴腔体的同轴 滤波器。
随着移动通信技术向着多频段方向发展,同轴滤波器越来越不 能满足移动通信系统的低插入损耗的要求,而具有介质腔体的 TE(横 电波) 01模介质滤波器的出现解决了这一问题。 TE01模介质滤波器 由工作于 TE01模式的 TE01模介质谐振器构成, 由于 TE01模介质谐 振器采用高 Q (功率因数 ) 微波介质陶瓷制作, 使得 TE01模介质滤 波器具有较低的插入损耗, 满足了移动通信系统的低插入损耗的要 求, 走向了商用化。
然而在使用 TE01 模介质滤波器的过程中发现: TE01 模介质滤 波器高次谐波与通带的距离为 200 ~ 400MHz左右, 造成 TE01模介质 滤波器远端的高次谐波的抑制度小于 70dB, 远端抑制的性能较差。 其中, 对于介质滤波器来说, 远端指超过通带的高频端 100MHz 以上 的频率。
为了克服 TE01模介质滤波器的上述缺陷,现有技术提出了两种 解决方案: 一种是在 TE01模介质滤波器的端口处增设金属谐振器, 该方案能使高次谐波频率与通带的距离变远, 但高次谐波的抑制度
仍达不到要求, 且插入损耗较大; 另一种是在 TE 01模介质滤波器的 前级增设低通滤波器, 该方案能提高较高频的高次谐波的抑制度, 但由于低通滤波器的阻带平緩不陡峭, 对于距离通带 2 00 ~ 4 00MH z 左右的高次谐波, 无法获得较高的抑制度, 且插入损耗较大。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种滤波装置, 能降低插入损耗, 且能获 得较好的远端抑制性能。
为达到上述目 的, 本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案:
一种滤波装置, 包括: 第一级单元及第二级单元; 所述第一级 单元由至少三个同轴滤波器构成, 各所述同轴滤波器顺序排列, 并 沿排列方向与相邻的同轴滤波器耦合; 所述至少三个同轴滤波器中 沿排列方向的两个不相邻的同轴滤波器感性耦合, 以在所述第一级 单元通带的高频端产生传输零点; 所述第二级单元由至少三个介质 滤波器构成, 各所述介质滤波器顺序排列, 并沿排列方向与相邻的 介质滤波器耦合; 位于所述第一级单元中排列尾部的同轴滤波器, 与位于所述第二级单元中排列头部的介质滤波器耦合; 所述第一级 单元的通带覆盖所述第二级单元的通带, 且所述第一级单元的带宽 为所述第二级单元带宽的两倍; 所述第一级单元的传输零点位于所 述第二级单元的二次谐波频点。
本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中, 由于由至少三个同轴滤波器 构成的第一级单元的通带覆盖由至少三个介质滤波器构成的第二级 单元的通带, 且第一级单元的带宽为第二单元带宽的两倍, 使得将 同轴滤波器耦合至介质滤波器时, 同轴滤波器的插入损耗降低, 从 而降低了滤波装置整体的插入损耗。 由于通过使第一级单元传输零 点位于第二级单元的二次谐波频点, 可以使滤波装置对该二次谐波 有很高的抑制度, 因此获得了较好的远端抑制性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下 面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,
显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于 本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以 根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明实施例提供的一种滤波装置的结构示意图; 图 2 为本发明实施例提供的两个同轴滤波器通过耦合窗耦合的 立体图;
图 3 为本发明实施例提供的两个介质滤波器通过耦合窗耦合的 立体图;
图 4 为本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中使用的一种介质滤波器 的剖面图;
图 5 为本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中使用的一种同轴滤波器 的剖面图;
图 6 为本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中第一级单元排列尾部的 同轴滤波器与第二级单元排列头部的介质滤波器连接后, 形成耦合 环耦合的剖视图;
图 7为本发明实施例提供的一种滤波装置的实物照片;
图 8为本发明实施例提供的另一种滤波装置的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术 方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明 一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本 领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其 他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种滤波装置, 如图 1 所示, 该装置包括: 第一级单元及 A1 第二级单元 Bl。
所述第一级单元 A 1 由至少三个同轴滤波器 ( 11 , 12, 13, 14 ) 构成, 各所述同轴滤波器顺序排列, 例如按着 11->12->13->14的顺 序排列, 以形成排列方向 Cl。 各所述同轴滤波器沿排列方向 C1 与 相邻的同轴滤波器耦合, 即同轴滤波器 11 与同轴滤波器 12耦合,
同轴滤波器 12与同轴滤波器 13耦合, 同轴滤波器 13与同轴滤波器 14耦合。
同轴滤波器间耦合的方式可以为图 1 所示的通过耦合窗耦合, 耦合窗开设于同轴滤波器的金属腔体的侧壁上。 也可以通过其他的 方式耦合, 如耦合环耦合。 图 2 示出了两个同轴滤波器通过耦合窗 耦合的情形。
所述至少三个同轴滤波器 ( 11, 12, 13, 14 ) 中沿排列方向 C1 的两个不相邻的同轴滤波器感性耦合, 例如, 同轴滤波器 11与同轴 滤波器 13 为沿排列方向 C1 的两个不相邻的同轴滤波器, 同轴滤波 器 12与同轴滤波器 14也为沿排列方向 C1的两个不相邻的同轴滤波 器。 根据滤波器的传输相位特性, 通过上述的同轴滤波器之间的感 性耦合, 在第一级单元的通带右侧, 即通带的高频端会产生传输零 点。
因此, 通过使同轴滤波器 11 与同轴滤波器 13感性耦合, 或者 使同轴滤波器 12 与同轴滤波器 14感性耦合, 可以在所述第一级单 元 A1通带的高频端产生传输零点。 传输零点即抑制度最高的频点, 具有该频点的电磁波将无法通过第一级单元 Al。
用于在第一级单元 A1通带的高频端产生所述传输零点的、沿排 列方向的两个不相邻的同轴滤波器, 可通过耦合窗耦合, 也可以通 过其他的方式耦合, 如耦合环耦合。 如图 1 所示, 同轴滤波器 11与 同轴滤波器 13之间开设有耦合窗。 耦合窗口的大小决定了传输零点 的位置。
所述第二级单元 B1 由至少三个介质滤波器( 15、 16、 17 )构成, 以使第二级单元 B1形成为具有一定带宽的带通滤波器, 各所述介质 滤波器顺序排列, 例如按着 15->16->17的顺序排列, 以形成排列方 向 Dl。 各所述介质滤波器沿排列方向 D1 与相邻的介质滤波器耦合。
介质滤波器间耦合的方式可以为图 1 所示的通过耦合窗耦合, 耦合窗开设于介质滤波器的金属腔体的侧壁上。 也可以通过其他的 方式耦合, 如耦合环耦合。 图 3 示出了两个介质滤波器通过耦合窗
耦合的情形。
位于所述第一级单元 A1 中排列尾部的同轴滤波器 14, 与位于 所述第二级单元 B1 中排列头部的介质滤波器 15耦合。
同轴滤波器 14与介质滤波器 15 的耦合方式可以为图 1 所示的 通过耦合环耦合, 也可以通过其他的方式耦合, 如耦合窗耦合。 其 中, 耦合环耦合方式的耦合强度最大。
所述第一级单元 A1 的通带覆盖所述第二级单元 B1 的通带, 且 所述第一级单元 A1 的带宽为所述第二级单元 B1 带宽的两倍。
由至少三个同轴滤波器或者至少三个介质滤波器构成的单元为 带通滤波器, 也就是说, 所述第一级单元 A1 及所述第二级单元 B1 都为带通滤波器。 假设第二级单元 B1 的通带为 1610MHz ~ 1630MHz, 则带宽为 20MHz, 则第一级单元 A1 的通带可以设计为 1600MHz ~ 1640MHz, 带宽为 40MHz, 即为第二级单元 B1 带宽的两倍。
如此设计第一级单元, 可以在将第一级单元耦合至第二级单元 时, 即在将同轴滤波器耦合至介质滤波器时, 使同轴滤波器的插入 损耗降低, 从而降低了滤波装置整体的插入损耗。
图 1 所示的第一级单元 A1 的传输零点位于所述第二级单元 B1 的二次谐波频点。 如上所述, 传输零点是由于在排列方向 C1 的两个 不相邻的同轴滤波器感性耦合而产生的, 且传输零点就是抑制度最 高的频点。 如果该传输零点位于第二级单元 B1 的二次谐波频点, 则 具有该二次谐波频点的电磁波就无法通过该滤波装置, 即具有该二 次谐波频点的电磁波被该滤波装置滤除。 例如: 第二级单元 B1 的二 次谐波频点为 2740MHz, 则设计第一级单元 A1, 使其传输零点位于 2740MHz。
由于对于由多个介质滤波器构成的第二级单元 B1来说,对二次 谐波的抑制属于远端抑制, 实验表明, 通过使第一级单元 A1 的传输 零点位于第二级单元 B1 的二次谐波频点, 可以使滤波装置对该二次 谐波的抑制度达到 80dB以上, 因此获得了较好的远端抑制性能。
上述滤波装置还包括容纳所述第一级单元及所述第二级单元的
外壳 18, 该外壳 18 上设置有两个同轴连接器, 其中, 同轴连接器 in 为信号输入端, 连接位于第一级单元 A1 排列头部的同轴滤波器 11。 同轴连接器 out为信号输出端, 连接位于第二级单元 B1排列尾 部的介质滤波器 17。
图 4 示出了典型结构的介质滤波器的剖视图, 该介质滤波器包 括: 金属腔体 41; 固定于所述金属腔体 41 底部的介质谐振器 42; 固定于所述金属腔体 41 顶部的介质调谐盘 43, 所述介质调谐盘 43 与所述介质谐振器 42相对, 当所述介质调谐盘 43 向所述金属腔体 41 底部或顶部移动时, 减少或增加与所述介质谐振器 42 之间的距 离, 以调节所述介质谐振器 42 的谐振频率; 所述金属腔体 41 的侧 壁开设有耦合窗 ( 图 4 中未示出 )。 图 4所示的介质滤波器为第二级 单元中位于排列头部的介质滤波器, 因此, 在其金属腔体 41 的未设 置耦合窗的侧壁上还设置有耦合环 44, 该耦合环 44 连接至金属腔 体 41外壁的同轴连接器 45。
图 5 示出了典型结构的同轴滤波器的剖视图, 该同轴滤波器包 括: 金属腔体 51; 固定于所述金属腔体 51 底部的、 与所述金属腔 体 51 同轴的导体 52; 固定于所述金属腔体 51顶部的调谐螺钉 53, 所述调谐螺钉 53与所述导体 52相对, 当所述调谐螺钉 53向所述金 属腔体 51 底部或顶部移动时, 减少或增加与所述导体 52之间的距 离, 以调节所述同轴滤波器的反射时延; 所述金属腔体的侧壁开设 有耦合窗 ( 图 5 中未示出 )。 图 5所示的同轴滤波器为第一级单元中 位于排列尾部的同轴滤波器, 因此, 在其金属腔体 51 的未设置耦合 窗的侧壁上还设置有耦合抽头 54, 该耦合抽头 54 连接至金属腔体 51外壁的同轴连接器 55。
图 6为图 4所示的介质滤波器与图 5所示的同轴滤波器通过各 自的同轴连接器连接后, 形成耦合环耦合的示意图。
需要说明的是: 本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中使用的介质滤 波器和同轴滤波器并不限于图 4和图 5所示的结构。
下面举例说明滤波装置的设计过程。
1、 单腔介质滤波器的设计
选择介质谐振器所使用 的介质材料, 根据指定的谐振频率
2.62GHz, 调整介质的厚度和直径; 然后将介质谐振器安装与金属腔 体中, 形成单腔介质滤波器; 调谐介质调谐盘的深度, 使单腔介质 滤波器的谐振点位于 2.62GHz 左右; 将单腔介质滤波器在网络分析 仪下测试, 发现其二次谐波点位于 2. 76GHz。
2、 根据上述单腔介质滤波器及指定的第二级单元的通带 2600-2620MHz, 设计介质滤波器的个数为 7个。
3、 第一级单元的设计
根据第二级单元的通带 2600 ~ 2620MHz及滤波装置的远端抑制 要求 ( 大于 80dB ), 仿真出中心频段为 2610MHz, 带宽为 40MHz的满 足二次谐波频段所需要的同轴滤波器的个数为 4个; 根据耦合矩阵, 可以计算出各同轴滤波器之间耦合窗的大小; 同时在 2.76G 频点产 生传输零点。
电磁波沿着各同轴滤波器的排列方向, 在各同轴滤波器的金属 腔体之间通过横电磁波耦合传播, 排列尾部的同轴滤波器的金属腔 体通过抽头和同轴连接器在腔壁上耦合到第二级单元中排列头部的 介质滤波器。
通过调整排列尾部的同轴滤波器的抽头高度, 使该同轴滤波器 的反射时延 τ sll = ll. 3ns。 该反射时延可以通过公式: 反射时延 = 636. 6/耦合带宽, 计算获得。
4、将第一级单元排列尾部的同轴滤波器和第二级单元排列头部 的介质滤波器通过耦合环进行耦合。
5、根据滤波装置腔体整体体积进行第一、二级单元的排列设计 , 排列出整体的布局。
6、 根据腔体的排列布局, 耦合窗大小, 进行结构设计绘图, 下 发图纸, 上机床加工整台腔体。
由于各滤波器都包含金属腔体, 因此该腔体可以一体成型, 以 简化制作工艺。
7、 将加工好的金属腔体、 同轴连接器、 导体、 谐振器及盖板装 配。
8、 调试, 先通过调谐螺钉调试好同轴滤波器, 然后通过介质调 谐盘调试好介质滤波器, 最后将滤波装置连接到网络分析仪, 人工 调试调谐螺钉及介质调谐盘, 将 S参数调整到需要的曲线。
从而设计出: 通带超过 4 0M H z , 即 2 倍于第二级单元的带宽, 以及对 2 . 7 6 G频点的高抑制度 ( 8 0 dB ) 的滤波装置。 图 7 为根据上 述步骤制作出的滤波装置的实物剖视图。
上述的滤波装置中, 各同轴滤波器及各介质滤波器可以以各种 方式排列, 可以采用图 1 所示的排列方式, 也可以采用图 8 所示的 排列方式。 图 8 中的同轴滤波器的金属腔体截面形状为圓形, 不同 于图 1 所示的方形, 也可以为异性腔, 具体的截面形状可根据滤波 装置整体结构进行设计。 图 8 中与图 1 相同的附图标记表示的含义 与图 1相同。
本发明实施例提供的滤波装置中, 由于第一级单元的通带覆盖 第二级单元的通带, 且第一级单元的带宽为第二单元带宽的两倍, 使得将同轴滤波器耦合至介质滤波器时, 同轴滤波器的插入损耗降 低, 从而降低了滤波装置整体的插入损耗。 由于通过使第一级单元 传输零点位于第二级单元的二次谐波频点, 可以使滤波装置对该二 次谐波有很高的抑制度, 因此获得了较好的远端抑制性能。
上述滤波装置中, 将二次谐波作为高次谐波的代表, 通过对二 次谐波的高抑制, 获得了较好的远端抑制性能。 然而, 也可以进一 步对三次以上的谐波进行高抑制, 可在上述滤波装置的第二级单元 后增加第三级单元, 该第三级单元由同轴滤波器构成, 并与所述第 二级单元中排列尾部的介质滤波器耦合。 该耦合可以为耦合环耦合。
第三级单元的设计制作方法可参照第一级单元的设计制作方 法, 使得第三级单元的传输零点位于二次谐波以外的其它高次谐波, 以对指定的高次谐波进行高抑制。
第三级单元也可以采用现有的糖葫芦低通滤波器, 利用它的阻
带实现对二次谐波以外的其它高次谐波的高抑制。
本发明实施例提供的滤波装置主要用作基站的收发信机模块的 双工器。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围 并不局限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技 术范围内, 可轻易想到的变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范 围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为
Claims
1、 一种滤波装置, 其特征在于, 包括: 第一级单元及第二级单 元;
所述第一级单元由至少三个同轴滤波器构成,各所述同轴滤波器 顺序排列, 并沿排列方向与相邻的同轴滤波器耦合; 所述至少三个同 轴滤波器中沿排列方向的两个不相邻的同轴滤波器感性耦合, 以在所 述第一级单元通带的高频端产生传输零点;
所述第二级单元由至少三个介质滤波器构成,各所述介质滤波器 顺序排列, 并沿排列方向与相邻的介质滤波器耦合;
位于所述第一级单元中排列尾部的同轴滤波器,与位于所述第二 级单元中排列头部的介质滤波器耦合;
所述第一级单元的通带覆盖所述第二级单元的通带,且所述第一 级单元的带宽为所述第二级单元带宽的两倍;
所述第一级单元的传输零点位于所述第二级单元的二次谐波频 点。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 位于所述第 一级单元中排列尾部的同轴滤波器, 与位于所述第二级单元中排列头 部的介质滤波器通过耦合环耦合。
3、 根据权利要求 2 所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 所述耦合环 为金属镀银件。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 各所述同轴 滤波器沿排列方向与相邻的同轴滤波器通过耦合窗耦合。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 各所述介质 滤波器沿排列方向与相邻的介质滤波器通过耦合窗耦合。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 用于在所述 第一级单元通带的高频端产生所述传输零点的、 沿排列方向的所述两 个不相邻的同轴滤波器, 通过耦合窗耦合。
7、 根据权利要求 1 ~ 6所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 所述至少 三个介质滤波器中的任意一个包括: 第一金属腔体; 固定于所述第一
金属腔体底部的介质谐振器; 固定于所述第一金属腔体顶部的介质调 谐盘, 所述介质调谐盘与所述介质谐振器相对, 当所述介质调谐盘向 所述第一金属腔体底部或顶部移动时, 减少或增加与所述介质谐振器 之间的距离, 以调节所述介质谐振器的谐振频率; 所述第一金属腔体 的侧壁开设有耦合窗。
8、 根据权利要求 1 ~ 6所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 所述至少 三个同轴滤波器中的任意一个包括: 第二金属腔体; 固定于所述第二 金属腔体底部的、 与所述第二金属腔体同轴的导体; 固定于所述第二 金属腔体顶部的调谐螺钉, 所述调谐螺钉与所述导体相对, 当所述调 谐螺钉向所述第二金属腔体底部或顶部移动时, 减少或增加与所述导 体之间的距离, 以调节所述同轴滤波器的反射时延; 所述第二金属腔 体的侧壁开设有耦合窗。
9、 根据权利要求 1 所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 还包括第三 级单元, 所述第三级单元由同轴滤波器构成, 并与所述第二级单元中 排列尾部的介质滤波器耦合。
1 0、 根据权利要求 9所述的滤波装置, 其特征在于, 所述第三级 单元为糖葫芦低通滤波器。
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| CN102694220B (zh) * | 2012-05-16 | 2014-08-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | 滤波装置 |
| CN103633402B (zh) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-08-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | 双工器及具有该双工器的通信系统 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9472835B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
| CN102694220A (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
| US20150061793A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
| EP2824759B1 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
| EP2824759A1 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| CN102694220B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
| EP2824759A4 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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