WO2013185436A1 - 分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进行频谱分析的方法 - Google Patents

分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进行频谱分析的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013185436A1
WO2013185436A1 PCT/CN2012/085149 CN2012085149W WO2013185436A1 WO 2013185436 A1 WO2013185436 A1 WO 2013185436A1 CN 2012085149 W CN2012085149 W CN 2012085149W WO 2013185436 A1 WO2013185436 A1 WO 2013185436A1
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Prior art keywords
radio frequency
host
signal
digital
module
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PCT/CN2012/085149
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
段滔
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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Application filed by Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020147032569A priority Critical patent/KR101655005B1/ko
Priority to US14/401,838 priority patent/US9602226B2/en
Priority to JP2015511900A priority patent/JP6411332B2/ja
Priority to EP12878881.7A priority patent/EP2846164B1/en
Publication of WO2013185436A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013185436A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • H04B17/22—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements for calibration of the receiver components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
    • G01R23/165—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis using filters
    • G01R23/167—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis using filters with digital filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
    • G01R23/17—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis with optical or acoustical auxiliary devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
    • G01R23/18—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis with provision for recording frequency spectrum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
    • G01R33/3621—NMR receivers or demodulators, e.g. preamplifiers, means for frequency modulation of the MR signal using a digital down converter, means for analog to digital conversion [ADC] or for filtering or processing of the MR signal such as bandpass filtering, resampling, decimation or interpolation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a distributed spectrum analyzer and a method for performing spectrum analysis thereof. Background technique
  • a spectrum analyzer is an instrument that studies the spectral structure of an electrical signal. It is used to measure signal distortion, modulation, spectral purity, frequency stability, and intermodulation distortion. It can be used to measure certain circuits such as amplifiers and filters.
  • the parameter is a versatile electronic measuring instrument.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectrum analyzer in the prior art, the following describes various hardware components generally included in the current spectrum analyzer as follows.
  • the spectrum analyzer's frequency coverage is generally in the order of kHz to GHz.
  • the RF/wave signal is converted to the frequency that the ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) can sample by several down-conversions.
  • the functional circuit is an RF/microwave processing module.
  • the down-converted analog signal is sampled by the ADC to implement analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the IQ data output by the ADC is sent to the digital signal processing module for analysis and processing, and then the display module completes the conversion of the data to the graph curve. Displayed on the screen.
  • the operator operates the instrument through the panel menu.
  • the human-computer interaction module converts these operations into control commands, and performs parameter setting and processing control on each functional circuit of the instrument through the main control module to complete the test and data processing required by the operator.
  • the clock and power supply are two of the essential hardware components of the instrument, providing the clock and power to the internal circuitry of the instrument.
  • the existing spectrum analyzer has the following disadvantages due to the overall single-chassis design: 1.
  • the frequency band that the instrument can support is fixed.
  • the meter supports the measurement port to be fixed. Generally, only one port measurement can be supported.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a distributed spectrum analyzer and a method for performing spectrum analysis thereof.
  • the spectrum analyzer in the prior art solution can only perform spectrum analysis and measurement on a fixed frequency band through a single port, and the application scenario is limited. The problem.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a distributed spectrum analyzer, including at least a host, and one or more radio frequency receivers:
  • the radio frequency receiver is configured to receive a radio frequency signal, perform frequency conversion processing and analog-to-digital AD conversion on the radio frequency signal, and send the AD converted digital signal to the host through an optical fiber through a digital optical module;
  • the host includes a digital signal processing module and one or more digital optical modules, each of the digital optical modules configured to be connected to one of the radio frequency receivers via an optical fiber, and receive the radio frequency receiver
  • the AD converted digital signal is configured to process the received AD converted digital signal.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for performing spectrum analysis by using a distributed spectrum analyzer.
  • Each RF receiver is connected to a corresponding type of digital optical module on the host through an optical fiber;
  • the host and the corresponding radio frequency receiver are activated, and an operation instruction is input, so that the host receives the AD converted digital signal sent by the radio frequency receiver, and performs spectrum analysis processing.
  • the spectrum analyzer adopts a split design
  • the frequency receiver performs signal reception, performs frequency conversion processing on the received signal, and performs analog-to-digital AD conversion, and sends the converted digital signal to the host for signal processing and analysis.
  • one or more RF receivers pass
  • the digital optical module is respectively connected to the corresponding digital optical module on the host through the optical fiber to realize bidirectional data transmission, and the host performs overall control and signal processing of the system, and spectrum analysis, thereby enabling the host of the spectrum analyzer to apply multi-interface design.
  • the RF receiver can support simultaneous access control of multiple RF receivers, which is very convenient for multi-port measurement expansion.
  • the RF receiver consumes less power and is lighter in weight. It is connected to the host computer with digital fiber.
  • the host and RF receiver are placed at the farthest distance. It can reach dozens of kilometers, and can realize local measurement installation and remote control processing to meet various special needs.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency receiver in a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a host in a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for performing spectrum analysis by using a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a host part of a distributed spectrum analyzer in a specific application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency receiver part of a distributed spectrum analyzer in a specific application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a distributed spectrum analyzer, which divides the spectrum analyzer into two parts, a radio frequency receiver and a host, and receives signals by the radio frequency receiver, and performs frequency conversion processing on the received signal. And AD conversion, and the converted digital signal is sent to the host for signal processing and spectrum analysis.
  • the host of the spectrum analyzer is designed with multiple interfaces, and can simultaneously control and control multiple RF receivers, thereby
  • the spectrum analyzer in the prior art solution can only perform spectrum analysis measurement on a fixed frequency band through a single port, and the application scenario is limited.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application, including at least a host 21 and one or more RF receivers 22.
  • a distributed spectrum analyzer The minimum configuration requires one host 21 and one RF receiver 22.
  • the radio frequency receiver 1, the radio frequency receiver 2, ... the radio frequency receiver N shown in FIG. 2 are specifically N radio frequency receivers 22 included in the distributed spectrum analyzer, and the modules indicated by broken lines in the figure And components can be expanded as needed.
  • the components of the distributed spectrum analyzer are specifically described below.
  • the radio frequency receiver 22 is configured to receive the radio frequency signal from the radio frequency source (in practical applications, the microwave signal may also be received due to the difference of the signal source, which is only a change of the signal type, and such a change does not affect the embodiment of the present application.
  • the content of the proposed technical solution does not affect the protection scope of the present application.
  • the gain control, frequency conversion and filtering processing, and AD (Analog to Digital) conversion and AD of the RF signal are performed.
  • the converted digital signal is transmitted to the host 21 via the optical fiber module 225 via the optical fiber.
  • the number of the radio frequency receivers 22 may be one or more, and the radio frequency source that performs measurement and analysis may be deployed according to requirements, and the distance between the deployed location and the host 21 may be deployed according to the optical fiber.
  • the length can be adjusted up to several tens of kilometers, thus overcoming the prior art integrated spectrum analyzer that must be deployed in the field where the RF source is directly connected, in order to perform the measurement and analysis defects, so that the RF measurement analysis The operation is more flexible and convenient.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency receiver in a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes the following modules.
  • An analog signal processing module 221 configured to receive an RF/microwave signal and to RF/microwave signals Perform gain control, frequency conversion and filtering processing, and output corresponding analog intermediate frequency signals.
  • the rules and methods of frequency conversion processing depend on the frequency range that the conversion module 222 can sample.
  • the final effect of the analog signal processing module 221 for frequency conversion processing is that it will be received.
  • the signal is converted to the frequency range that the conversion module 222 can sample for subsequent processing. After the corresponding frequency conversion effect is reached, the analog signal processing module 221 sends the converted analog intermediate frequency signal to the conversion module 222.
  • the frequency conversion processing of the analog signal processing module 221 in this process may be one or more times, and the change of the specific frequency conversion processing does not affect the protection scope of the present application.
  • the conversion module 222 is configured to perform AD conversion processing on the analog intermediate frequency signal after the frequency conversion processing of the analog signal processing module 221, and output a corresponding digital signal, considering that the final processed signal of the spectrum analyzer should be a digital signal, and therefore, the corresponding mode
  • the number conversion operation is performed by the conversion module 222 in the RF receiver 22, and the specific conversion operation rules can be adjusted according to the specific type of the RF signal source deployed by the RF receiver 22.
  • the communication module 223 is configured to send the digital signal processed by the conversion module 222 to the host 21 through the optical fiber, and the function of the module is to forward the digital signal.
  • the communication module 223 can be implemented by an FPGA (Field - Programmable).
  • the FPGA 224 is configured to perform timing control on the analog signal processing module 221, and forwards the digital signal processed by the conversion module 222 to the digital optical module 225.
  • the digital optical module 225 is configured to transmit the digital signal forwarded by the FPGA 224 to the host 21 through the optical fiber.
  • the digital optical module 225 needs to perform the following two aspects in a specific application scenario:
  • the digital optical module 225 receives the digital optical signal that is sent by the host 21 through the optical fiber and includes the clock signal, the control command, and the data information, converts the digital optical signal into a digital electrical signal, and forwards the digital electrical signal to the FPGA 224, so that the FPGA 224 is based on the digital electrical signal.
  • the analog signal processing module 221 is subjected to timing control.
  • the host 21 and the radio frequency receiver 22 include clock information through the optical fiber.
  • the signal interaction, according to the predetermined process and the predefined protocol, the clock of the RF receiver 22 is locked to the clock of the host 21, ensuring the consistency of the clock information of the two in the spectrum analysis measurement process, and ensuring the accuracy of the spectrum analysis result.
  • the digital optical module 225 receives the digital electrical signal forwarded by the FPGA, and combines the electrical digital signal with the local management information into a frame according to a predetermined format, converts the digital electrical signal into a digital optical signal, and sends the digital electrical signal to the host through an optical fiber. twenty one.
  • optical fiber transmission protocol between the host 21 and the radio frequency receiver 22 can be defined according to actual needs.
  • the change of the specific protocol rule is not of concern in the embodiment of the present application. Focus, do not describe here.
  • the radio frequency receiver 22 may further include the following processing units:
  • An MCU (Micro Control Unit) 226 is configured to perform configuration loading and fault management on the FPGA 224 and the circuits and other modules inside the RF receiver 22 according to the control commands and data information received by the digital optical module 225. , the role of this processing unit is based on the host
  • the control commands and data information sent by 21 are correspondingly controlled and configured for the RF receiver 22.
  • the clock recovery circuit and the reference source module 227 are configured to recover and debounce the clock signal forwarded by the FPGA 224, provide a local reference signal synchronized with the clock signal of the host 21 for the analog signal processing module 221, and provide sampling for the conversion module 222. clock.
  • the clock recovery circuit and the reference source module 227 exchange and synchronize the clock information of the host 21 with the relevant modules in the radio frequency receiver 22, so that each module can perform corresponding processing according to the clock information of the host 21.
  • the clock of the RF receiver 22 is locked to the clock of the host 21, ensuring the consistency of the clock information between the two in the spectrum analysis measurement process, and ensuring the accuracy of the spectrum analysis result.
  • the host 21 includes a digital signal processing module 211, and one or more numbers.
  • Light module 212 As shown in FIG. 2, the host 21 includes a digital signal processing module 211, and one or more numbers.
  • Each digital optical module 212 can be configured to be connected to a radio frequency receiver 22 through an optical fiber, and receive an AD converted digital signal sent by the radio frequency receiver 22, and the digital signal processing module 211 is configured to receive the received digital signal.
  • the AD converted digital signal is processed.
  • the number of digital optical modules 212 deployed in the host 21 can be adjusted according to the number of radio frequency receivers 22 that need to be accessed, so that multiple radio frequency receivers 22 are simultaneously connected to the host 21,
  • the switching of the RF receiver 22 can be directly performed, overcoming the defects in the prior art that the fixed frequency can only be measured and analyzed through a single interface.
  • the one or more radio frequency receivers 22 are specifically the same type of radio frequency receiver, or different types of radio frequency receivers (adjusted according to the radio frequency source).
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic structural diagram of a host in a distributed spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes the following modules.
  • the digital signal processing module 211 functions similarly to the digital signal processing module of the prior art and is configured to analyze and process digital signals.
  • the digital optical module 212 is configured to be connected to an RF receiver 22 through an optical fiber.
  • a digital optical module 212 is connected to only one RF receiver 22 through an optical fiber, thereby ensuring each RF receiver.
  • the signals transmitted by the 22 signals do not interfere with each other, and the host 21 can directly invoke the different RF receivers 22 through the switching or enabling of the corresponding digital optical modules 212, that is, realize signal acquisition for different RF sources, and
  • the mutual interference of the signals is avoided by the interface isolation, which overcomes the problem that the spectrum analyzer in the prior art can only measure a single frequency and the frequency change process is cumbersome.
  • the structure of the host 21 also has a corresponding difference.
  • the digital signal processing module 211 can directly export the data information corresponding to the analysis result to the corresponding operator, for example, can output to an external terminal device (such as a computer), store it as a corresponding file, or pass through the terminal.
  • the display of the device is displayed, and the corresponding result can be directly printed and directly presented on the corresponding report sheet.
  • a display module 213 may be further added to the host 21, and configured to convert the processing result of the AD-converted digital signal by the digital signal processing module 211 into a graphic curve and display the same. The need to make settings, such changes do not affect the scope of protection of this application.
  • the host 21 may further include the following modules.
  • the main control module 214 is configured to be triggered according to the received operation instruction (the specific operation instruction may be triggered by a control button on the host 21, or may be directly input through an external input device), and the radio frequency to be activated is selected.
  • the receiver 22 transmits corresponding control commands and data information to the digital signal processing module 211.
  • Clock 215, configured to output a clock signal.
  • the FPGA 216 is respectively connected to each digital optical module 212, and configured to send the control command and data information forwarded by the digital signal processing module 211 and the clock signal output by the clock 215 to the RF receiver 22 to be enabled (the main control module 214).
  • the digital light module 212 corresponding to the determined digital optical module 212 transmits the digital optical signal including the clock signal, the control command and the data information to the corresponding RF receiver 22 through the optical fiber, and is further configured.
  • the AD converted digital signal forwarded by each digital optical module 212 is sent to the digital signal processing module 211 for processing.
  • a schematic flowchart of a method for performing spectrum analysis by using a distributed spectrum analyzer includes the following steps:
  • Step S501 Deploy a corresponding type of radio frequency receiver in each RF signal source to be analyzed.
  • the number of deployed RF receivers may be one or more, and may be deployed according to the RF source for measurement and analysis.
  • the types of RF receivers deployed may be the same or different.
  • Step S502 Pass each RF receiver through a fiber and a corresponding type of number on the host The optical modules are connected.
  • the distance between the location where the RF receiver is deployed and the host can be adjusted according to the length of the fiber deployment.
  • the integrated spectrum analyzer in the prior art must be deployed in the field where the RF source is directly connected to the defect of measurement and analysis. , making the operation of RF measurement analysis more flexible and convenient.
  • Step S503 Start the host and the corresponding radio frequency receiver, and input an operation instruction, so that the host receives the AD converted digital signal sent by the radio frequency receiver, and performs spectrum analysis processing.
  • the host determines, according to the operation instruction, a radio frequency signal source to be analyzed that currently needs to perform spectrum analysis, and selects an RF receiver that needs to be activated.
  • the RF receiver to be enabled According to the RF point to be measured, select the RF receiver to be enabled. When multiple different types of RF receivers are deployed at the same RF point, you can select the corresponding type of RF receiver to be enabled.
  • the host transmits a digital optical signal including a clock signal, a control command, and data information to the RF receiver that needs to be activated through an optical fiber to implement clock synchronization and control operations.
  • the host performs corresponding control operations on the remote RF receiver and implements corresponding clock synchronization.
  • the host receives the AD converted digital signal returned by the RF receiver that needs to be activated, performs spectrum analysis processing, and converts the corresponding processing result into a graphic curve for display.
  • the technical solution proposed by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages:
  • the spectrum analyzer adopts a split design, and the signal receiving by the radio frequency receiver is received.
  • the signal is subjected to frequency conversion processing and analog-to-digital AD conversion, and the converted digital signal is sent to the host for signal processing and analysis.
  • one or more RF receivers are respectively connected to the host through the optical optical module via the optical fiber.
  • the corresponding digital optical modules are connected to realize two-way data transmission, and the host performs overall control and signal processing of the system, and spectrum analysis, thereby enabling the spectrum analyzer to apply multi-interface design to the host, and can simultaneously support multiple RF receptions.
  • the purpose of the distributed spectrum analyzer is to solve the problem that the measurement spectrum band of the existing spectrum meter is fixed, the frequency band is not convenient to be replaced, the measurement port is fixed, the expansion is inconvenient, and the measurement, signal processing and control display are integrated.
  • the spectrum analyzer adopts a split structure, and the entire spectrum analyzer is divided into two parts: an RF receiver and a host.
  • the RF receiver and the host are interconnected by digital optical fiber, receive the control of the host, complete the frequency conversion processing and AD conversion of the RF signal, and transmit the AD converted digital signal to the host for subsequent processing.
  • the host receives the digital signal of the RF receiver and performs signal processing to complete the display and control of the system.
  • a host can contain multiple digital optical modules, which can support multiple RF receivers at the same time, which is very convenient for multi-port measurement expansion.
  • the radio frequency receiver has only radio frequency receiving and AD conversion functions, and the power consumption, volume, and weight are much smaller than those of the integrated traditional spectrum analyzer in the prior art.
  • the RF receiver is more convenient to access the device under test (ie, the aforementioned RF source), and the host can be placed far away for easy operation and observation. This split design makes it easy to measure and analyze special scenes, especially In some scenarios where the integrated spectrum analyzer is not portable, it is easier to measure deployment, operation, and observation.
  • the signal is transmitted through the optical fiber.
  • Input according to the predetermined process and predefined protocol, the clock of the RF receiver is locked to the host clock.
  • other operational functions are similar to those of the general spectrum analyzer.
  • the fiber transmission protocol between the host and the RF receiver requires special definition and will not be described here.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a host part of a distributed spectrum analyzer in a specific application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the host function and architecture of the distributed spectrum analyzer is basically the same as that of the general spectrum analyzer in the prior art, but does not include the RF circuit and ADC circuit of the general spectrum analyzer.
  • the digital signal processing module 61 is configured to analyze the digital signal
  • the display module 62 is configured to convert the processing result of the digital signal processing module into a graphic curve for display
  • the human interaction module 63 is configured to obtain an operation of the operator on the host.
  • the command key operation or command input
  • the main control module 64 is configured to perform radio frequency receiver selection according to the operation instruction, and corresponding control command and data information generation
  • the clock 65 is configured to output a clock signal
  • the power source 66 is configured to be The host is powered.
  • the FGPA67 and the plurality of digital optical modules 68 are added as interface circuits in the split spectrum analyzer proposed in the embodiment of the present application, and the digital optical interfaces to the N RF receivers are implemented.
  • the configuration of the digital optical modules is as needed. Access to the RF receiver configuration.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency receiver portion of a distributed spectrum analyzer in a specific application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the analog signal processing module 71 and the ADC circuit 72 in the RF receiver are similar in function to the corresponding modules in the conventional spectrum analyzer of the prior art, and perform frequency conversion processing and AD conversion of the RF signal.
  • the RF receiver needs to add FGPA 73 and digital optical module 74, which are configured to transmit the digital signal processed by ADC circuit 72 to the host through the optical fiber.
  • the MCU75 Since the RF receiver is independent of the host, in order to receive remote host control and local maintenance management functions, the MCU75 needs to be added to implement the operation and maintenance management of the device. In a specific processing scenario, the RF receiver needs to be controlled by the host. Therefore, the corresponding control commands and data information are also received by the digital optical module 74, and then forwarded to the MCU 75, and the MCU 75 accordingly
  • the circuit is configured to complete the program loading of FGPA73 and Fault management of each unit inside the RF receiver.
  • the FGPA 74 and the digital optical module 75 also need to receive clock information and corresponding data transmitted by the host to implement local state control.
  • a clock recovery circuit and a local reference source circuit 76 are also disposed in the RF receiver to recover and debounce the clock signal transmitted by the fiber, and implement a local reference source (providing a local reference signal for the analog signal processing module 71) and a host clock. Synchronization (providing a sampling clock for the ADC circuit), so that each module can perform corresponding processing according to the clock information of the host, and the clock of the RF receiver is locked to the clock of the host, ensuring the consistency of the clock information of the two in the spectrum analysis measurement process. Sexuality guarantees the accuracy of spectrum analysis results.
  • each corresponding module in the radio frequency receiver completes the processing of the received radio frequency signal, and the digital signal converted by the ADC circuit 72 and the local management information are combined by the FGPA 73 and the digital optical module 74, and packaged according to a predetermined format. Framing, then transmitting such signal frames to the host through the optical fiber, and performing digital signal processing and display by the host.
  • the power conversion circuit 77 is required to supply power to the RF receiver through an externally input power source.
  • RF receivers can be derived from various types depending on indicators and functions (such as supported frequency bands, ADC bits, etc.).
  • the technical solution proposed by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages:
  • the spectrum analyzer adopts a split design, and the signal receiving by the radio frequency receiver is received.
  • the signal is subjected to frequency conversion processing and analog-to-digital AD conversion, and the converted digital signal is sent to the host for signal processing and analysis.
  • one or more RF receivers are respectively connected to the host through the optical optical module via the optical fiber.
  • the corresponding digital optical modules are connected to realize two-way data transmission, and the host performs overall control and signal processing of the system, and spectrum analysis, thereby enabling the spectrum analyzer to apply multi-interface design to the host, and can simultaneously support multiple RF receptions.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable recording medium on which a program for executing the method for performing spectrum analysis by using the distributed spectrum analyzer is recorded.
  • the computer readable recording medium includes any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a computer (e.g., a computer).
  • a machine-readable medium includes a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium, an optical storage medium, a flash storage medium, an electrical, optical, acoustic, or other form of propagated signal (eg, a carrier wave) , infrared signals, digital signals, etc.).
  • the application embodiment can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, and the software product may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which may be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.).
  • a computer device which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network side device, etc.
  • modules in the apparatus in the implementation scenario may be distributed in the apparatus for implementing the scenario according to the implementation scenario description, or may be correspondingly changed in one or more devices different from the implementation scenario.
  • the modules of the above implementation scenarios may be combined into one module, or may be further split into multiple sub-modules.

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Abstract

一种分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进行频谱分析的方法，对频谱分析仪采用分体设计，由射频接收机进行信号接收，对接收到的信号进行变频处理及AD转换，并将转换后的数字信号发送至主机，在此结构中，射频接收机通过数字光模块，经由光纤分别与主机上的相应数字光模块相连接，实现双向数据传输，由主机进行系统的总体控制和信号处理，频谱分析，从而，使频谱分析仪的主机应用多接口设计，可以支持同时接入控制多个射频接收机，非常方便的实现多端口测量扩展，而射频接收机功耗和体积小重量轻，与主机采用数字光纤连接，主机与射频接收机的安放距离最远可以达到几十公里，可以实现本地测量安装，远程控制处理，满足各种特殊需求。

Description

本申请要求申请号为 201210191959.9、 申请日为 2012年 6月 12日、 发明名 称为 "分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进行频谱分析的方法" 的发明专利申请的 全部优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域， 特别涉及一种分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进 行频谱分析的方法。 背景技术
频谱分析仪是研究电信号频谱结构的仪器， 用于信号失真度、 调制度、 谱纯度、 频率稳定度和交调失真等信号参数的测量， 可用以测量放大器和滤 波器等电路系统的某些参数， 是一种多用途的电子测量仪器。
如图 1 所示， 为现有技术中的频谱分析仪的结构示意图， 下面， 对目前 的频谱分析仪一般所包括的各部分硬件进行说明如下。
频谱分析仪的频率覆盖范围一般从 kHz到 GHz量级， 一般通过几次下变 频将射频 / 波信号变到 ADC ( Analog to Digital Converter,模数变换器）可采 样的频率， 完成这部分工作的功能电路是射频 /微波处理模块。
经过下变频后的模拟信号由 ADC进行采样实现模数变换， ADC输出的 IQ数据接下来便送往数字信号处理模块进行分析处理， 然后由显示模块完成 数据到图形曲线的转换， 在仪表的显示屏上显示出来。
操作者通过面板菜单对仪器进行操作， 人机交互模块将这些操作变换成 控制命令， 通过主控模块对仪表的各功能电路进行参数设置和处理控制， 以 完成操作者需要的测试和数据处理。
时钟和电源是仪器中必不可少的两个硬件组成部分， 主要提供仪器内部 电路的时钟和供电。
在实现本申请的过程中， 发明人发现现有技术中至少存在以下问题： 现有的频谱分析仪， 由于是整体单机箱设计， 所以， 存在以下几个缺点： 1、 仪表能支持的频段是固定。
2、 仪表支持测量端口是固定的， 一般只能支持 1个端口测量。
3、 由于体积重量较大， 对于特殊场景（比如塔台上的设备等） 的测试不 方便。 发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进行频谱分析的方 法， 解决现有的技术方案中的频谱分析仪只能通过单端口对固定频段进行频 谱分析测量， 以及应用场景受限的问题。
为达到上述目的， 本申请实施例一方面提供了一种分布式频谱分析仪， 至少包括主机， 以及一个或多个射频接收机：
所述射频接收机， 配置为接收射频信号， 对所述射频信号进行变频处理 及模数 AD转换，并将 AD转换后的数字信号通过数字光模块，经由光纤发送 给所述主机；
所述主机， 包括数字信号处理模块， 以及一个或多个数字光模块， 每个 所述数字光模块配置为通过光纤与一个所述射频接收机相连接， 并接收所述 射频接收机发送的所述 AD转换后的数字信号， 所述数字信号处理模块配置 为对所接收到的所述 AD转换后的数字信号进行处理。 另一方面， 本申请实施例还提供了一种通过分布式频谱分析仪进行频谱 分析的方法，
分别在各待分析射频信号源部署相应类型的射频接收机；
分别将各射频接收机通过光纤与主机上一个相应类型的数字光模块相连 接；
启动所述主机和相应的所述射频接收机， 输入操作指令， 以使所述主机 接收所述射频接收机发送的 AD转换后的数字信号， 并进行频谱分析处理。
与现有技术相比， 本申请实施例所提出的技术方案具有以下优点： 通过应用本申请实施例的技术方案， 对频谱分析仪采用分体设计， 由射 频接收机进行信号接收， 对接收到的信号进行变频处理及模数 AD转换， 并 将转换后的数字信号发送至主机进行信号处理和分析， 在此结构中， 一个或 多个射频接收机通过数字光模块， 经由光纤分别与主机上的相应数字光模块 相连接， 实现双向数据传输， 由主机进行系统的总体控制和信号处理， 频谱 分析， 从而， 使频谱分析仪的主机应用多接口设计， 可以支持同时接入控制 多个射频接收机， 非常方便的实现多端口测量扩展， 而射频接收机功耗和体 积小重量轻， 与主机采用数字光纤连接， 主机与射频接收机的安放距离最远 可以达到几十公里， 可以实现本地测量安装， 远程控制处理， 满足各种特殊 需求。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中的频谱分析仪的结构示意图；
图 2为本申请实施例所提出的一种分布式频谱分析仪的结构示意图； 图 3 为本申请实施例所提出的一种分布式频谱分析仪中的射频接收机的 结构示意图；
图 4 为本申请实施例所提出的一种分布式频谱分析仪中的主机的结构示 意图；
图 5 为本申请实施例所提出的一种应用分布式频谱分析仪进行频谱分析 的方法的流程示意图；
图 6 为本申请实施例所提出的一种具体应用场景下的分布式频谱分析仪 的主机部分的结构示意图；
图 7 为本申请实施例所提出的一种具体应用场景下的分布式频谱分析仪 的射频接收机部分的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
如背景技术所述， 目前的频谱分析仪一般都是一体化， 射频接收， 信号 处理， 人机操作， 屏幕显示等都是装配于一个机箱结构， 对于只能支持预定 频段， 和一个测量通道。 为了克服这样的缺陷， 本申请实施例提出了一种分布式频谱分析仪， 将 频谱分析仪分为射频接收机和主机两部分， 由射频接收机进行信号接收， 对 接收到的信号进行变频处理及 AD转换， 并将转换后的数字信号发送至主机 进行信号处理和频谱分析， 在此结构中， 频谱分析仪的主机应用多接口设计， 可以支持同时接入控制多个射频接收机， 从而， 解决现有的技术方案中的频 谱分析仪只能通过单端口对固定频段进行频谱分析测量， 以及应用场景受限 的问题。
如图 2所示， 为本申请实施例所提出的一种分布式频谱分析仪的结构示 意图， 至少包括主机 21 , 以及一个或多个射频接收机 22, 在实际应用中， 分 布式频谱分析仪最低配置需要一台主机 21及一台射频接收机 22。
图 2中所示的射频接收机 1、射频接收机 2... ...射频接收机 N具体为分布 式频谱分析仪中所包括的 N个射频接收机 22, 图中以虚线表示的模块和部件 可以根据需要而扩展。
以下分别对分布式频谱分析仪的各组成部分进行具体说明。
射频接收机 22, 配置为从射频源接收射频信号 （在实际应用中， 由于信 号源的差异， 也可能接收到微波信号， 这仅是信号类型的改变， 这样的变化 并不影响本申请实施例所提出的后续技术方案的内容， 也不会不影响本申请 的保护范围 ),对该射频信号进行增益控制，变频和滤波处理，以及 AD( Analog to Digital, 模一数）转换， 并将 AD转换后的数字信号通过数字光模块 225 , 经由光纤发送给主机 21。
在本申请实施例中， 射频接收机 22的数量具体可以为一个或多个， 可以 根据需要进行测量分析的射频源进行相应的部署， 其所部署的位置与主机 21 的距离可以根据光纤部署的长度进行调整， 最远可以达到几十公里， 从而， 克服了现有技术中的一体式频谱分析仪必须将仪器部署在射频源直接相连的 现场， 才能进行测量分析的缺陷， 使射频测量分析的操作更加灵活方便。
如图 3所示， 为本申请实施例所提出的一种分布式频谱分析仪中的射频 接收机的结构示意图， 具体包括以下模块。
模拟信号处理模块 221 , 配置为接收射频 /微波信号， 并对射频 /微波信号 进行增益控制， 变频及滤波处理， 输出相应的模拟中频信号， 此处变频处理 的规则和方式取决于转换模块 222可采样的频率范围，模拟信号处理模块 221 进行变频处理的最终效果在于将接收到的信号变频至转换模块 222可采样的 频率范围， 以便进行后续的处理， 在达到相应的变频效果后， 模拟信号处理 模块 221将变频后的模拟中频信号发送给转换模块 222, 需要说明的是，模拟 信号处理模块 221 在此过程中的变频处理可以为一次或多次， 具体变频处理 次数的变化并不会影响本申请的保护范围。
转换模块 222,配置为对模拟信号处理模块 221进行变频处理后的模拟中 频信号进行 AD转换处理， 输出相应的数字信号， 考虑到频谱分析仪的最终 处理信号应为数字信号， 因此， 相应的模数转换操作由射频接收机 22中的转 换模块 222来完成， 具体的转换操作规则可以根据射频接收机 22所部署的射 频信号源的具体类型来进行调整。
通信模块 223,配置为将转换模块 222进行 AD转换处理后的数字信号通 过光纤发送给主机 21 , 此模块的作用在于对数字信号的转发。
在具体的处理场景中， 通信模块 223可以由 FPGA ( Field - Programmable
Gate Array, 现场可编程门阵列） 224和数字光模块 225组成。
FPGA224, 配置为对模拟信号处理模块 221进行时序控制， 并将转换模 块 222进行 AD转换处理后的数字信号转发给数字光模块 225。
数字光模块 225, 配置为将 FPGA224转发的数字信号通过光纤发送给主 机 21。
进一步的， 数字光模块 225在具体的应用场景中需要进行以下两方面的 处理：
( 1 )主机 21至射频接收机 22的控制信息传输。
数字光模块 225接收主机 21通过光纤发送的包含时钟信号、 控制指令和 数据信息的数字光信号， 转换为数字电信号， 并将所述数字电信号转发给 FPGA224, 以使 FPGA224根据该数字电信号的解析结果， 对模拟信号处理模 块 221进行时序控制。
通过以上的处理， 主机 21和射频接收机 22通过光纤进行包含时钟信息 的信号交互， 按照预定流程和预定义协议， 射频接收机 22的时钟锁定于主机 21 的时钟， 确保频谱分析测量过程中两者时钟信息的一致性， 保证了频谱分 析结果的准确性。
( 2 )射频接收机 22至主机 21的信号传输。
数字光模块 225接收所述 FPGA转发的数字电信号， 并将所述电数字信 号与本地管理信息组合按照预定格式打包成帧， 将数字电信号转换为数字光 信号， 通过光纤发送给所述主机 21。
需要说明的是， 主机 21和射频接收机 22之间的光纤传输协议， 可以根 据实际需要进行定义， 在能够保证光纤正常通信的情况下， 具体协议规则的 变化并不是本申请实施例所关心的重点， 在此不做描述。
另一方面， 为了实现对射频接收机 22的控制， 尤其是在主机 21与射频 接收机 22相距较远的情况下， 为了实现对射频接收机 22的远程操作和调节， 主机 21需要与射频接收机 22之间建立相应的控制机制， 因此， 在这样的应 用场景中， 射频接收机 22进一步还可以包括以下处理单元：
MCU ( Micro Control Unit,微控制单元） 226, 配置为根据数字光模块 225 所接收到的控制指令和数据信息，对 FPGA224, 以及射频接收机 22内部的各 电路和其他模块进行配置加载和故障管理， 此处理单元的作用在于根据主机
21 所发送的控制指令和数据信息对射频接收机 22进行相应的控制和配置处 理。
时钟恢复电路及参考源模块 227, 配置为对 FPGA224转发的时钟信号进 行恢复和去抖， 为模拟信号处理模块 221提供与主机 21的时钟信号相同步的 本地参考信号， 并为转换模块 222提供采样时钟。
通过以上的处理， 时钟恢复电路及参考源模块 227将主机 21的时钟信息 与射频接收机 22中的相关模块进行交互和同步， 从而， 使各模块可以按照主 机 21的时钟信息进行相应的处理， 射频接收机 22的时钟锁定于主机 21的时 钟， 确保频谱分析测量过程中两者时钟信息的一致性， 保证了频谱分析结果 的准确性。
如图 2所示， 主机 21包括数字信号处理模块 211 , 以及一个或多个数字 光模块 212。
其中， 每个数字光模块 212均可配置为通过光纤与一个射频接收机 22相 连接， 并接收射频接收机 22发送的 AD转换后的数字信号， 数字信号处理模 块 211则配置为对所接收到的所述 AD转换后的数字信号进行处理。
需要说明的是， 主机 21中所部署的数字光模块 212的数量可以根据需要 接入的射频接收机 22的数量进行调整， 从而， 使多个射频接收机 22同时与 主机 21相连接， 在需要进行不同的射频源的分析测量时， 可以直接进行射频 接收机 22的切换， 克服现有技术中只能通过单一接口对固定频率进行测量分 析的缺陷。
在具体的应用场景中， 上述的一个或多个射频接收机 22具体为相同类型 的射频接收机， 或不同类型的射频接收机（根据射频源进行调整）。
如图 4所示， 为本申请实施例所提出的一种分布式频谱分析仪中的主机 的结构示意图， 具体包括以下模块。
数字信号处理模块 211的作用与现有技术中的数字信号处理模块相类似， 配置为对数字信号的分析处理。
数字光模块 212, 配置为通过光纤与一个射频接收机 22相连接， 在具体 的处理场景中，一个数字光模块 212通过光纤只与一个射频接收机 22相连接， 从而， 保证了各射频接收机 22所传输的信号不会发生相互干扰， 而且， 主机 21可以直接通过相应的数字光模块 212的切换或启用， 实现对不同射频接收 机 22的调用， 即实现对不同射频源的信号获取， 而且在具体的测量分析过程 中， 通过接口隔离避免了信号的相互干扰， 克服了现有技术中的频谱分析仪 只能对单一频率进行测量， 以及频率更改过程繁瑣的问题。
需要说明的是， 对于数字信号处理模块 211 所分析处理后的数据结果， 根据具体的输出方式的差异， 主机 21的结构也存在相应的差异，
一方面， 数字信号处理模块 211 可以直接将分析结果所对应的数据信息 导出， 呈现给相应的操作者， 例如， 可以输出到外接的终端设备（例如计算 机）， 存储为相应的文件， 或通过终端设备的显示器进行显示， 也可以直接将 相应的结果进行打印， 直接呈现在相应的报告单上。 另一方面， 主机 21上还可以再添加一个显示模块 213, 配置为将数字信 号处理模块 211对所述 AD转换后的数字信号的处理结果转换为图形曲线， 并进行显示。 的需要进行设定， 这样的变化并不影响本申请的保护范围。
在具体的应用场景下， 为了与前述的对射频接收机 21进行远程控制的场 景相对应， 主机 21还可以进一步包括以下模块。
主控模块 214, 配置为根据接收到的操作指令（具体的操作指令可以通过 主机 21上的控制按键进行触发， 也可以是通过外界的输入设备直接进行操作 指令的输入 ), 选择需要启用的射频接收机 22, 并向数字信号处理模块 211发 送相应的控制指令和数据信息。
时钟 215, 配置为输出时钟信号。
FPGA216, 分别与各数字光模块 212相连接， 配置为将数字信号处理模 块 211所转发的控制指令和数据信息， 以及时钟 215输出的时钟信号发送给 需要启用的射频接收机 22(主控模块 214所确定的）所对应的数字光模块 212, 由数字光模块 212通过光纤将包含所述时钟信号、 所述控制指令和所述数据 信息的数字光信号发送给相应的射频接收机 22,还配置为将各数字光模块 212 所转发的 AD转换后的数字信号发送给数字信号处理模块 211进行处理。
本申请实施例进一步提出了相应的处理方案， 如图 5 所示， 为本申请实施例 所提出的一种应用分布式频谱分析仪进行频谱分析的方法的流程示意图， 具 体包括以下步骤：
步骤 S501、 分别在各待分析射频信号源部署相应类型的射频接收机。 具体的， 所部署的射频接收机的数量具体可以为一个或多个， 可以根据 需要进行测量分析的射频源进行相应的部署。
而且， 所部署的射频接收机的类型可以相同， 也可以不同。
步骤 S502、 分别将各射频接收机通过光纤与主机上一个相应类型的数字 光模块相连接。
射频接收机所部署的位置与主机的距离可以根据光纤部署的长度进行调 整， 克服了现有技术中的一体式频谱分析仪必须将仪器部署在射频源直接相 连的现场， 才能进行测量分析的缺陷， 使射频测量分析的操作更加灵活方便。
步骤 S503、 启动所述主机和相应的所述射频接收机， 输入操作指令， 以 使所述主机接收所述射频接收机发送的 AD转换后的数字信号， 并进行频谱 分析处理。
具体的， 在本步骤中输入操作指令后， 主机中相应的处理过程如下：
( 1 )所述主机根据该操作指令， 确定当前需要进行频谱分析的待分析射 频信号源， 并选择需要启动的射频接收机。
根据需要进行测量的射频点， 选择需要启用的射频接收机， 在同一个射 频点部署了多个不同类型的射频接收机的情况下， 可以选择需要启用的相应 类型的射频接收机。
( 2 )所述主机通过光纤， 向所述需要启动的射频接收机发送包含时钟信 号、 控制指令和数据信息的数字光信号， 实现时钟同步和控制操作。
通过本步骤， 主机对远端的射频接收机进行相应的控制操作， 并实现了 相应的时钟同步。
( 3 )所述主机接收所述需要启动的射频接收机返回的 AD转换后的数字 信号， 进行频谱分析处理， 并将相应的处理结果转换为图形曲线进行显示。
与现有技术相比， 本申请实施例所提出的技术方案具有以下优点： 通过应用本申请实施例的技术方案， 对频谱分析仪采用分体设计， 由射 频接收机进行信号接收， 对接收到的信号进行变频处理及模数 AD转换， 并 将转换后的数字信号发送至主机进行信号处理和分析， 在此结构中， 一个或 多个射频接收机通过数字光模块， 经由光纤分别与主机上的相应数字光模块 相连接， 实现双向数据传输， 由主机进行系统的总体控制和信号处理， 频谱 分析， 从而， 使频谱分析仪的主机应用多接口设计， 可以支持同时接入控制 多个射频接收机， 非常方便的实现多端口测量扩展， 而射频接收机功耗和体 积小重量轻， 与主机采用数字光纤连接， 主机与射频接收机的安放距离最远 可以达到几十公里， 可以实现本地测量安装， 远程控制处理， 满足各种特殊 需求。 下面， 结合具体的应用场景， 对本申请实施例所提出的技术方案进行说 明。
本申请实施例提出分布式频谱分析仪的目的， 是解决现有频谱仪表的测 量频段固定， 不便于频段更换， 测量端口固定， 不便于扩展， 而且测量， 信 号处理和控制显示一体化的问题。
本申请实施例所提出的技术方案中， 频谱分析仪采用分体式结构， 整个 频谱分析仪分为两大部分： 射频接收机和主机。
( 1 )射频接收机和主机通过数字光纤进行互联， 接受主机的控制， 完成 对射频信号的变频处理及 AD转换，并将 AD转换后的数字信号传送到主机进 行后续处理。
( 2 )主机接收射频接收机的数字信号， 并进行信号处理， 完成系统的显 示， 控制等。 一台主机可以包含多个数字光模块， 可以支持同时接入多个射 频接收机， 非常方便实现多端口测量扩展。
通过上述的结构设置， 当需要频谱仪需要支持不同频段， 或支持对多个 射频通道进行分析时， 可以通过更换不同类型的射频接收机和在主机侧选择 下载相应的测量程序即可以实现， 无需更换不同型号频谱仪或采用多台传统 频语仪， 克服了现有技术中的频谱分析仪只能对单一频段进行测试的缺陷。
在本申请实施例所提出的分布式频谱分析仪中， 射频接收机只有射频接 收和 AD转换功能， 功耗， 体积， 重量相对于现有技术中的一体传统化频谱 分析仪要小很多， 对于特殊测量场景， 射频接收机更便于接近待测设备（即 前述的射频源）， 主机则可以放置较远的地方， 便于操作观测， 这样的分体式 设计， 便于对特殊场景的测量分析， 尤其是在一些不便携带一体式频谱分析 仪的场景下， 更便于测量部署、 操作和观测。
在具体的应用场景中， 主机和射频接收机启动后， 通过光纤进行信号传 输， 按照预定流程和预定义协议， 射频接收机的时钟锁定于主机时钟。 完成 建立通信通道后， 其他操作功能同一般频谱仪功能类似。 主机和射频接收机 之间的光纤传输协议， 需要特殊定义， 在此不做描述。
如图 6所示， 为本申请实施例所提出的一种具体应用场景下的分布式频 谱分析仪的主机部分的结构示意图。
分布式频谱分析仪的主机功能和构架与现有技术中的一般频谱分析仪基 本相同， 但是不包含一般频谱分析仪的射频电路和 ADC电路。
其中，数字信号处理模块 61配置为对数字信号的分析处理， 显示模块 62 配置为将数字信号处理模块的处理结果转换为图形曲线进行显示， 人机交互 模块 63 配置为获取操作者对主机的操作指令（按键操作或指令输入）， 主控 模块 64配置为根据操作指令进行射频接收机的选择， 以及相应的控制指令和 数据信息的生成， 时钟 65配置为输出时钟信号， 电源 66则配置为为主机供 电。
同时，本申请实施例所提出的分体式频谱分析仪中还增加了一个 FGPA67 和多个数字光模块 68作为接口电路，实现到 N个射频接收机的数字光纤接口， 数字光模块的配置根据需要接入的射频接收机配置。
如图 7所示， 为本申请实施例所提出的一种具体应用场景下的分布式频 谱分析仪的射频接收机部分的结构示意图。
射频接收机中的模拟信号处理模块 71和 ADC电路 72与现有技术中的一 般频谱分析仪中的相应模块的功能相类似， 完成射频信号的变频处理和 AD 转换。
为了实现与主机的交互，射频接收机需要增加 FGPA73和数字光模块 74, 配置为将 ADC电路 72处理完成的数字信号通过光纤发送给主机。
由于射频接收机是独立与主机之外的， 为了实现接收远程主机控制和本 地维护管理功能， 需要增加 MCU75, 以实现本设备的操作维护管理。 在具体 的处理场景中， 射频接收机需要接受主机的控制， 因此， 相应的控制指令和 数据信息也是通过数字光模块 74进行接收， 然后转发给 MCU75的， MCU75 据此对射频接收机内部的各个电路进行配置， 完成 FGPA73 的程序加载以及 射频接收机内部各单元的故障管理。
进一步的， 为了实现射频接收机对主机的时钟锁定， FGPA74和数字光模 块 75还需要接收主机传输的时钟信息和相应的数据，实现对本地状态的控制。 射频接收机中还部署了时钟恢复电路和本地参考源电路 76, 实现光纤传输过 来的时钟信号的恢复和去抖， 并且实现本地参考源 （为模拟信号处理模块 71 提供本地参考信号）和主机时钟同步 （为 ADC电路提供采样时钟），， 从而， 使各模块可以按照主机的时钟信息进行相应的处理， 射频接收机的时钟锁定 于主机的时钟， 确保频谱分析测量过程中两者时钟信息的一致性， 保证了频 谱分析结果的准确性。
按照上述的结构， 射频接收机中的各相应模块完成对所接收到的射频信 号的处理， 由 FGPA73和数字光模块 74将 ADC电路 72转化完成的数字信号 和本地管理信息组合， 按照预定格式打包成帧， 然后将这样的信号帧通过光 纤发送到主机， 由主机进行数字信号处理和显示。
此外， 由于射频接收机是独立的， 因此， 需要电源转换电路 77通过外部 输入的电源对本射频接收机进行供电。
在实际应用中， 射频接收机可以根据指标和功能不同 （比如支持的频段， ADC位数等）衍生有多种类型。
与现有技术相比， 本申请实施例所提出的技术方案具有以下优点： 通过应用本申请实施例的技术方案， 对频谱分析仪采用分体设计， 由射 频接收机进行信号接收， 对接收到的信号进行变频处理及模数 AD转换， 并 将转换后的数字信号发送至主机进行信号处理和分析， 在此结构中， 一个或 多个射频接收机通过数字光模块， 经由光纤分别与主机上的相应数字光模块 相连接， 实现双向数据传输， 由主机进行系统的总体控制和信号处理， 频谱 分析， 从而， 使频谱分析仪的主机应用多接口设计， 可以支持同时接入控制 多个射频接收机， 非常方便的实现多端口测量扩展， 而射频接收机功耗和体 积小重量轻， 与主机采用数字光纤连接， 主机与射频接收机的安放距离最远 可以达到几十公里， 可以实现本地测量安装， 远程控制处理， 满足各种特殊 需求。 相应的， 本申请实施例还提供了一种在其上记录有用于执行所述应用分 布式频谱分析仪进行频谱分析的方法的程序的计算机可读记录介质。
所述计算机可读记录介质包括用于以计算机（例如计算机）可读的形式 存储或传送信息的任何机制。 例如， 机器可读介质包括只读存储器（ROM )、 随机存取存储器（ RAM )、 磁盘存储介质、 光存储介质、 闪速存储介质、 电、 光、 声或其他形式的传播信号 （例如， 载波、 红外信号、 数字信号等）等。
通过以上的实施方式的描述， 本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本申 请实施例可以通过硬件实现， 也可以借助软件加必要的通用硬件平台的方式 来实现。 基于这样的理解， 本申请实施例的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式 体现出来， 该软件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质 (可以是 CD-ROM, U盘， 移动硬盘等） 中， 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备（可以是个 人计算机， 服务器， 或网络侧设备等）执行本申请实施例各个实施场景所述 的方法。
本领域技术人员可以理解附图只是一个优选实施场景的示意图， 附图中 的模块或流程并不一定是实施本申请实施例所必须的。
本领域技术人员可以理解实施场景中的装置中的模块可以按照实施场景 描述进行分布于实施场景的装置中， 也可以进行相应变化位于不同于本实施 场景的一个或多个装置中。 上述实施场景的模块可以合并为一个模块， 也可 以进一步拆分成多个子模块。
上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述， 不代表实施场景的优劣。
以上公开的仅为本申请实施例的几个具体实施场景， 但是， 本申请实施 例并非局限于此， 任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本申请实施 例的业务限制范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种分布式频谱分析仪，其特征在于，至少包括主机，以及一个或多个射频接收机: 所述射频接收机， 配置为接收射频信号， 对所述射频信号进行变频处理及模数 AD转 换， 并将 AD转换后的数字信号通过数字光模块， 经由光纤发送给所述主机；
所述主机， 包括数字信号处理模块， 以及一个或多个数字光模块， 每个所述数字光模 块配置为通过光纤与一个所述射频接收机相连接， 并接收所述射频接收机发送的所述 AD 转换后的数字信号， 所述数字信号处理模块配置为对所接收到的所述 AD转换后的数字信 号进行处理。
2.如权利要求 1所述的分布式频谱分析仪，其特征在于，所述射频接收机，具体包括: 模拟信号处理模块， 配置为接收射频 /微波信号， 并对所述射频 /微波信号进行增益控 制， 变频及滤波处理， 输出相应的模拟中频信号；
转换模块， 配置为对所述模拟信号处理模块进行变频处理后的模拟中频信号进行 AD 转换处理， 输出相应的数字信号；
通信模块， 配置为将所述转换模块进行 AD转换处理后的数字信号通过光纤发送给所 述主机。
3.如权利要求 2所述的分布式频谱分析仪， 其特征在于， 所述通信模块， 具体由现场 可编程门阵列 FPGA和数字光模块组成：
所述 FPGA, 配置为对所述模拟信号处理模块进行时序控制， 并将所述转换模块进行 AD转换处理后的数字信号转发给所述数字光模块；
所述数字光模块， 配置为将所述 FPGA转发的数字信号通过光纤发送给所述主机。
4.如权利要求 3所述的分布式频谱分析仪， 其特征在于， 所述数字光模块， 具体配置 为 ··
接收所述主机通过所述光纤发送的包含时钟信号、 控制指令和数据信息的数字光信 号， 转换为数字电信号， 并将所述数字电信号转发给所述 FPGA, 以使所述 FPGA根据所述 数字电信号的解析结果， 对所述模拟信号处理模块进行时序控制；
接收所述 FPGA转发的数字电信号， 并将所述数字电信号与本地管理信息组合按照预 定格式打包成帧， 将数字电信号转换为数字光信号， 通过光纤发送给所述主机。
5.如权利要求 4所述的分布式频谱分析仪， 其特征在于， 所述射频接收机， 还包括： 微控制单元 MCU, 配置为根据所述数字光模块所接收到的控制指令和数据信息， 对所 述 FPGA、 所述射频接收机内部的各电路和其他模块进行配置加载和故障管理； 时钟恢复电路及参考源模块， 配置为对所述 FPGA转发的所述时钟信号进行恢复和去 抖， 为所述模拟信号处理模块提供与所述主机的时钟信号相同步的本地参考信号， 并为所 述转换模块提供采样时钟。
6.如权利要求 1所述的分布式频谱分析仪， 其特征在于， 所述主机， 还包括： 显示模块， 配置为将所述数字信号处理模块对所述 AD转换后的数字信号的处理结果 转换为图形曲线， 并进行显示。
7.如权利要求 1所述的分布式频谱分析仪， 其特征在于， 所述主机， 还包括： 主控模块， 配置为根据接收到的操作指令， 选择需要启用的射频接收机， 并向所述数 字信号处理模块发送相应的控制指令和数据信息；
时钟， 配置为输出时钟信号；
FPGA, 分别与各所述数字光模块相连接， 配置为将所述数字信号处理模块所转发的控 制指令和数据信息， 以及所述时钟输出的时钟信号发送给所述需要启用的射频接收机所对 应的数字光模块， 由所述数字光模块通过光纤将包含所述时钟信号、所述控制指令和所述 数据信息的数字光信号发送给相应的射频接收机，还配置为将各所述数字光模块所转发的 所述 AD转换后的数字信号发送给所述数字信号处理模块进行处理。
8.如权利要求 1所述的分布式频谱分析仪，其特征在于，所述一个或多个射频接收机， 具体为相同类型的射频接收机， 或不同类型的射频接收机。
9.一种通过分布式频谱分析仪进行频谱分析的方法，其特征在于，至少包括以下步骤: 分别在各待分析射频信号源部署相应类型的射频接收机；
分别将各射频接收机通过光纤与主机上一个相应类型的数字光模块相连接； 启动所述主机和相应的所述射频接收机， 输入操作指令， 以使所述主机接收所述射频 接收机发送的 AD转换后的数字信号， 并进行频谱分析处理。
10.如权利要求 9所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述启动所述主机和相应的所述射频接 收机， 输入操作指令之后， 还包括：
所述主机根据所述操作指令， 确定当前需要进行频谱分析的待分析射频信号源， 并选 择需要启动的射频接收机； 所述主机通过光纤， 向所述需要启动的射频接收机发送包含时钟信号、控制指令和数 据信息的数字光信号， 实现时钟同步和控制操作；
所述主机接收所述需要启动的射频接收机返回的 AD转换后的数字信号， 进行频谱分 析处理， 并将相应的处理结果转换为图形曲线进行显示。
11、一种在其上记录有用于执行权利要求 9所述方法的程序的计算机可读记录介质。
PCT/CN2012/085149 2012-06-12 2012-11-23 分布式频谱分析仪及应用其进行频谱分析的方法 Ceased WO2013185436A1 (zh)

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