WO2014048131A1 - 一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构 - Google Patents

一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014048131A1
WO2014048131A1 PCT/CN2013/076904 CN2013076904W WO2014048131A1 WO 2014048131 A1 WO2014048131 A1 WO 2014048131A1 CN 2013076904 W CN2013076904 W CN 2013076904W WO 2014048131 A1 WO2014048131 A1 WO 2014048131A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
shifting
fork shaft
heavy
reducing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2013/076904
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
易延明
殷崇一
刘义
杨林
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Shaanxi Fast Gear Co Ltd
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Shaanxi Fast Gear Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shaanxi Fast Gear Co Ltd filed Critical Shaanxi Fast Gear Co Ltd
Priority to US14/395,055 priority Critical patent/US20150128744A1/en
Priority to EP13841183.0A priority patent/EP2902675A4/en
Publication of WO2014048131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014048131A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3076—Selector shaft assembly, e.g. supporting, assembly or manufacturing of selector or shift shafts; Special details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H2063/3079—Shift rod assembly, e.g. supporting, assembly or manufacturing of shift rails or rods; Special details thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
    • Y10T74/20018—Transmission control
    • Y10T74/20177—Particular element [e.g., shift fork, template, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission, and more particularly to a structure for reducing the shifting force of a heavy-duty transmission.
  • the shift fork shaft is directly matched with the hole in the housing, and the friction resistance during the movement of the shift fork shaft is large, and the shifting process is affected by the machining accuracy of the fork shaft hole. Oysters.
  • the main method adopted in China is to improve the machining accuracy of the fork shaft and the fork shaft hole. Practice has proved that this method cannot fundamentally solve the problem of heavy shifting force. .
  • the shift fork shaft is in direct contact with the transmission housing.
  • the axial movement of the shift fork shaft generates a large sliding friction force, which increases the transmission shifting force.
  • the shaft diameter of the shift fork shaft is generally small, so the shift fork shaft is prone to bending deformation, which further increases the shifting force of the transmission, and even causes the fork shaft to be stuck and broken. .
  • the surface of the shift fork shaft is strained, the feeling of shifting the handle, and even the difficulty of shifting.
  • the grinding of the hole in the transmission housing is increased, which over time makes it impossible to meet the requirements of use, resulting in the scrapping of the parts of the transmission housing.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a structure for reducing the shifting force of a heavy-duty transmission, effectively reducing the shifting force, improving the smoothness of the shifting process of the heavy-duty transmission, and eliminating the intolerance of the shifting fork shaft in the conventional structure. Failures such as grinding, easy straining, and increased grinding of the housing of the transmission cause the possibility of scrapping.
  • a structure for reducing the shifting force of a heavy-duty transmission wherein a shifting fork shaft is mounted in the gearbox housing, and a linear bearing is mounted between an outer surface of the shifting fork shaft and an inner surface of the housing.
  • the linear stroke has a movement stroke greater than 0.5 times the shifting stroke of the transmission
  • the outer casing of the linear bearing is in an interference fit with the gearbox housing
  • the inner envelope circle of the linear bearing roller is in sliding connection with the outer surface of the shifting fork shaft.
  • the structure for reducing the shifting force of the heavy-duty transmission of the present invention has at least the following advantages:
  • the transmission housing of the present invention mounts a linear bearing between the housing and the shifting fork shaft, and in the shifting process, a large area of the conventional structure
  • the sliding friction is converted into the rolling friction of each rolling element of the linear bearing, which effectively reduces the shifting force, improves the smoothness of the shifting process of the heavy-duty transmission, and eliminates the wear-resistant fork shaft in the conventional structure, which is not wear-resistant, easy to be pulled, etc. Failure, and increased grinding of the transmission housing bores may result in scrapping.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional transmission case
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the transmission case of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural view of a linear shaft ⁇ of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses a structure for reducing the shifting force of a heavy-duty transmission.
  • a gear shifting shaft 3 is mounted in the transmission housing 1, and an outer surface and a housing of the shifting fork shaft are mounted.
  • a linear bearing 5 is mounted between the inner surfaces.
  • the specifications of the linear bearing are determined, and the shifting stroke of the transmission of the linear bearing cage L > 0.5 times as shown in Fig. 3 is required.
  • the press is used to press the linear bearing into the transmission housing, the interference between the outer casing of the linear bearing and the transmission housing is achieved.
  • install the shift fork shaft in place. Change this way The shift fork shaft can slide freely during the shifting process to ensure that the gear is in place.
  • the linear axis ⁇ is set at both ends, which can convert large-area sliding friction into rolling friction of each rolling element of the linear bearing, effectively reduce the shifting force, improve the smoothness of the shifting process of the heavy-duty transmission, and eliminate the smoothness.
  • the shift fork shaft is not wear-resistant, easy to be pulled, and the like, and the grinding of the transmission housing hole increases the possibility of scrapping.
  • the other two linear bearings have a good supporting effect on the shifting fork shaft, and the shaft diameter of the shifting fork shaft is simultaneously increased, and the rigidity and strength of the shifting fork shaft are greatly enhanced, effectively preventing the shifting fork shaft A serious failure such as a break occurs.
  • the linear bearing is a wearing part with respect to the shift fork shaft and the transmission housing. Once the linear bearing fails, only the linear bearing can be replaced, which greatly reduces the single maintenance cost and the frequency of maintenance.
  • the structure of the invention can effectively reduce the failure rate of the transmission, reduce the maintenance cost of the transmission, and greatly improve the shifting comfort and the control safety of the transmission.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)

Description

一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构
本申请要求于 2012 年 9 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201220498830.8、 发明名称为"一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构"的中国 专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种变速器 ,特别涉及一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构。
背景技术
目前在重型变速器上， 换挡拨叉轴是与壳体上的孔直接配合的， 换挡 拨叉轴运动过程中摩擦阻力很大， 同时受拨叉轴孔加工精度的影响， 换挡 过程比较生涩。 为了降低摩擦阻力， 增强拨叉轴的运动平顺性， 目前国内 主要采取的方法是提高拨叉轴及拨叉轴孔的加工精度， 实践证明， 这种方 法不能从根本上解决换挡力沉重问题。
在传统结构中， 换挡拨叉轴与变速器壳体直接接触， 在换挡过程中， 换挡拨叉轴轴向运动产生较大的滑动摩擦力， 增大了变速器换挡力。 为了 尽量滑动摩擦力， 换挡拨叉轴的轴径一般都较小， 因此换挡拨叉轴容易产 生弯曲变形， 该变形会进一步增大变速器换挡力， 甚至导致拨叉轴卡死、 断裂。 该结构中， 由于受变速器壳体孔的位置精度、 表面光洁度等加工因 素的影响， 在使用过程中容易导致换挡拨叉轴表面拉伤、 换挡手感生涩甚 至换挡困难等不利影响， 同时将变速器壳体的孔研磨增大， 久而久之使之 不能满足使用要求， 造成变速器壳体零件的报废。
鉴于以上缺陷， 实有必要提供一种新结构解决以上技术问题。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结 构， 有效的降低换挡力， 提高重型变速器换挡过程的平顺性， 杜绝了在传 统结构上换挡拨叉轴不耐磨、 容易拉伤等故障， 及变速器壳体孔研磨增大 造成报废的可能。
为解决以上技术问题， 本发明采用以下技术方案： 一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构，变速箱壳体内安装有换挡拔叉轴， 所述换挡拔叉轴的外表面与壳体的内表面之间安装有直线轴承。
作为本发明的优选实施例， 所述直线轴承的运动行程大于 0.5倍变速 器换挡行程；
作为本发明的优选实施例， 所述直线轴承外圏与变速箱壳体为过盈配 合；
作为本发明的优选实施例， 所述换挡拔叉轴在换挡过程中， 所述直线 轴承滚子的内包络圓与换挡拔叉轴的外表面为滑动连接。
本发明一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构至少具有以下优点： 本发明 变速器壳体在壳体和换挡拔叉轴之间安装直线轴承， 在换挡过程中， 将传 统结构中大面积的滑动摩擦转化为直线轴承每个滚动体的滚动摩擦， 有效 的降低换挡力， 提高重型变速器换挡过程的平顺性， 杜绝了在传统结构上 换挡拨叉轴不耐磨、 容易拉伤等故障， 及变速器壳体孔研磨增大造成报废 的可能。
附图说明
图 1为传统变速箱壳体的结构剖视图；
图 2为本发明变速箱壳体的结构剖视图；
图 3为本发明直线轴^的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做详细描述：
请参阅图 2所示， 本发明公开了一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构， 变速箱壳体 1 内安装有换挡拔叉轴 3 , 所述换挡拔叉轴的外表面与壳体的 内表面之间安装有直线轴承 5。
首先根据换挡拨叉轴的轴径、 变速器壳体的孔径及变速器换挡行程确 定直线轴承的规格，要求图 3所示的直线轴承保持架运动行程 L > 0.5倍的 变速器换挡行程， 装配时用压机将直线轴承压入变速器壳体内， 实现直线 轴承外圏与变速器壳体的过盈配合。 然后将换挡拨叉轴安装到位。 这样换 挡拨叉轴在换挡过程中就可以自如滑动， 保证挂档到位。
采用这种新结构， 两端设置直线轴^ , 能将大面积的滑动摩擦转化为 直线轴承每个滚动体的滚动摩擦， 有效的降低换挡力， 提高重型变速器换 挡过程的平顺性， 杜绝了在传统结构上换挡拨叉轴不耐磨、 容易拉伤等故 障， 及变速器壳体孔研磨增大造成报废的可能。 另外两直线轴承对换挡拨 叉轴起到良好的支撑作用， 加上拨叉轴的轴径同时增大， 换挡拨叉轴的刚 性及强度得到大大加强， 有效的防止换挡拨叉轴断裂等严重故障的发生。 在整个结构中， 直线轴承相对于换挡拨叉轴及变速器壳体为易损件， 一旦 出现直线轴承失效， 只需更换直线轴承即可， 大大降低了单次维修成本和 维爹频次。
本发明结构可以有效的降低变速器的故障率， 降低变速器维护成本， 同时大大提高了变速器的换挡舒适性、 操控安全性。
以上所述仅为本发明的一种实施方式， 不是全部或唯一的实施方式， 本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任 何等效的变换， 均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构， 其特征在于： 变速箱壳体（1 ) 内安装有换挡拔叉轴（3 ), 所述换挡拔叉轴的外表面与壳体的内表面之间 安装有直线轴承（5 )。
2、如权利要求 1所述的一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构，其特征在 于： 所述直线轴承的保持架运动行程大于 0.5倍变速器换挡行程。
3、如权利要求 1所述的一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构，其特征在 于： 所述直线轴承外圏与变速箱壳体为过盈配合。
4、如权利要求 1或 3所述的一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构，其特 征在于： 所述换挡拔叉轴在换挡过程中， 所述直线轴承滚子的内包络圓与 换挡拔叉轴的外表面为滑动连接。
PCT/CN2013/076904 2012-09-27 2013-06-07 一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构 Ceased WO2014048131A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/395,055 US20150128744A1 (en) 2012-09-27 2013-06-07 Structure for reducing shifting effort in heavy-duty transmission
EP13841183.0A EP2902675A4 (en) 2012-09-27 2013-06-07 STRUCTURE FOR REDUCING THE EFFORT REQUIRED FOR CHANGING SPEEDS WITH HIGH CAPACITY TRANSMISSION

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CN201220498830.8 2012-09-27
CN2012204988308U CN202834034U (zh) 2012-09-27 2012-09-27 一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构

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US (1) US20150128744A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2902675A4 (zh)
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WO (1) WO2014048131A1 (zh)

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CN202834034U (zh) * 2012-09-27 2013-03-27 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 一种降低重型变速器换挡力的结构
DE102017006495A1 (de) * 2017-07-08 2019-01-10 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Wälzlageranordnung, insbesondere für eine Schaltvorrichtung zum Schalten eines Schaltgetriebes
CN109973648A (zh) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-05 西安法士特汽车传动有限公司 一种变速箱选档降阻机构及其选档方法

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EP2902675A1 (en) 2015-08-05
EP2902675A4 (en) 2016-06-29
CN202834034U (zh) 2013-03-27

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