WO2014048163A1 - Ct系统和用于ct系统的探测装置 - Google Patents

Ct系统和用于ct系统的探测装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014048163A1
WO2014048163A1 PCT/CN2013/079382 CN2013079382W WO2014048163A1 WO 2014048163 A1 WO2014048163 A1 WO 2014048163A1 CN 2013079382 W CN2013079382 W CN 2013079382W WO 2014048163 A1 WO2014048163 A1 WO 2014048163A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
detector assembly
energy detector
detectors
high energy
energy
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2013/079382
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张丽
陈志强
李元景
李明亮
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Tsinghua University
Nuctech Co Ltd
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Tsinghua University
Nuctech Co Ltd
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Application filed by Tsinghua University, Nuctech Co Ltd filed Critical Tsinghua University
Priority to US14/355,175 priority Critical patent/US9572540B2/en
Priority to AU2013324945A priority patent/AU2013324945B2/en
Priority to PL13840115T priority patent/PL2749873T3/pl
Priority to ES13840115.3T priority patent/ES2674124T3/es
Priority to NO13840115A priority patent/NO2749873T3/no
Priority to JP2015532280A priority patent/JP6132916B2/ja
Priority to BR112015003336-9A priority patent/BR112015003336B1/pt
Priority to KR1020157010318A priority patent/KR20150077415A/ko
Priority to KR1020167035006A priority patent/KR101751196B1/ko
Priority to EP13840115.3A priority patent/EP2749873B1/en
Publication of WO2014048163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014048163A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B6/482—Diagnostic techniques involving multiple energy imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
    • A61B6/4241—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using energy resolving detectors, e.g. photon counting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
    • G01T1/242—Stacked detectors, e.g. for depth information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
    • G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
    • G01V5/224—Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/10—Integrated devices
    • H10F39/12—Image sensors
    • H10F39/15—Charge-coupled device [CCD] image sensors
    • H10F39/151—Geometry or disposition of pixel elements, address lines or gate electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/10—Integrated devices
    • H10F39/12—Image sensors
    • H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
    • H10F39/189—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/10—Integrated devices
    • H10F39/12—Image sensors
    • H10F39/191—Photoconductor image sensors
    • H10F39/195—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
    • H10F39/809—Constructional details of image sensors of hybrid image sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0487—Motor-assisted positioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/542—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/40—Imaging
    • G01N2223/419—Imaging computed tomograph
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/643—Specific applications or type of materials object on conveyor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a CT system and a detecting device for a CT system. Background technique
  • the conventional method is to use the area array detector, and multiple rows of data can be collected at the same time to increase the scanning speed.
  • the conventional method is to use a surface array arrangement for both high and low detectors. This system requires a large number of detectors and data acquisition units, and the system is very expensive. Summary of the invention
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a CT system and a detecting device for a CT system, thereby reducing the cost at the time of ensuring high dangerous goods identification performance.
  • a detecting apparatus for a CT system comprising: a low energy detector assembly; and a high energy detector assembly disposed under the low energy detector assembly, wherein The high energy detector assembly includes: a plurality of rows of high energy detectors having a predetermined spacing between the high energy detectors.
  • the detecting device further includes a filter, the filter being disposed between the low energy detector assembly and the high energy detector assembly.
  • the CT system transmits the object to be inspected in the conveying direction, and the plurality of rows of high-energy detectors are arranged substantially in the conveying direction.
  • the low energy detector assembly comprises a surface array of low energy detectors.
  • the low energy detectors of the array of planes are distributed substantially on the cylindrical surface.
  • the orientation of each of the high energy detectors is
  • the surface of the low energy detector assembly is generally on a cylindrical surface.
  • the predetermined spacing between the high energy detectors is 5 to 80 mm. According to an aspect of the invention, the predetermined spacing between the high energy detectors is 30 to 50 mm.
  • the detecting device further includes means disposed between adjacent ones of the high energy detectors.
  • the component is made of a radiation absorbing material.
  • the member is made of at least one of aluminum, iron, copper and lead or an alloy of at least one of aluminum, iron, copper and lead.
  • the portion of the low energy detector of the high energy detector assembly and the low energy detector assembly that overlaps the high energy detector of the high energy detector assembly is configured to obtain a dual energy CT image.
  • a CT system comprising: a transport device that transports an object to be inspected in a transport direction; a slip ring; a radiation source coupled to the slip ring; and a radiation source a detecting device coupled to the slip ring, wherein the detecting device comprises: a low energy detector assembly; and a high energy detector assembly disposed under the low energy detector assembly, wherein the high energy detector assembly comprises: a plurality of rows of high energy The detectors have a predetermined spacing between the high energy detectors.
  • the plurality of rows of high energy detectors are arranged substantially in the conveying direction.
  • the rotating device moves the object to be inspected by a distance of 360 degrees/N, and the distance between the objects to be inspected is the center distance of the adjacent two rows of detectors, where N is the number of rows of high energy detectors.
  • N is the number of rows of high-energy detectors
  • the rotating device moves the object to be inspected by a distance of 360 degrees/N, which is the center distance of the adjacent two rows of detectors.
  • the detecting device outputs data, and reconstructs an image of the object to be inspected based on the outputted data.
  • reconstruction is performed using a tomographic reconstruction method The image of the object being inspected.
  • the portion of the low energy detector of the high energy detector assembly and the low energy detector assembly that overlaps the high energy detector of the high energy detector assembly is configured to obtain a dual energy CT image.
  • the low energy detector assembly obtains a low energy CT image
  • the portion of the low energy detector of the low energy detector assembly that overlaps with the high energy detector of the high energy detector assembly obtains dual energy
  • the CT image is obtained by fusing the low-energy CT image and the dual-energy CT image, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional dual-energy CT image.
  • the low energy detector assembly comprises a surface array of low energy detectors.
  • the invention proposes a low-energy detector surface array arrangement and a high-energy detector sparse arrangement, thereby greatly reducing the detector and the data acquisition unit, and obtaining high-resolution three-dimensional
  • the CT image also realizes a high-accuracy dangerous goods alarm. Under the guarantee of high system performance, the manufacturing cost of the system is greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a CT system for baggage security inspection in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detecting device for a CT system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a CT system for baggage security inspection in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detecting device for a CT system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detecting device for a CT system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • a CT system 10 includes: a conveying device 17 that conveys an object to be inspected in a conveying direction V; a slip ring 12 that is rotatable about an axis of rotation, a rotation axis and a conveying direction V is substantially parallel; a source 11 connected to the slip ring 12; a detecting means 16 opposite the source 11 and connected to the slip ring 12, the detecting means 16 and the source 11 can be rotated together with the slip ring 12;
  • the control device 18 operated by the system 10; the data processing device 15 for processing the data detected by the detecting device 16; and the alarm device 19 for alerting when there is a suspicious object in the object to be inspected.
  • the ray source 11 can emit X-rays.
  • the radiation source 11 may be an X-ray machine, an accelerator or a radioactive isotope or the like.
  • the data processing device 15 can be a computer or the like. The data processing device 15 can be included in the control device 18.
  • the detection device 16 includes a low energy detector assembly 1 and a high energy detector assembly 3 disposed below the low energy detector assembly 1.
  • the low energy detector assembly 1 includes a low energy detector of the area array.
  • the low energy detectors of the face array are generally distributed over a cylindrical surface, the central axis of which generally passes through the focus of the source 11 or the central axis of the cylindrical surface is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the slip ring 12.
  • the center of each of the low energy detectors of the array of planes may be distributed over an arc centered at the focus of the source 11 .
  • the high energy detector assembly 3 includes a plurality of rows of high energy detectors 31 having a predetermined spacing therebetween.
  • the plurality of rows of high energy detectors 31 are arranged substantially in the transport direction V.
  • the surface of each of the high energy detectors 31 facing the low energy detector assembly 1 is generally on a cylindrical surface, the central axis of the cylindrical surface passing substantially the focus of the source 11 or the central axis of the cylindrical surface being substantially parallel On the axis of rotation of the slip ring 12.
  • the multi-row high energy detectors can employ any suitable arrangement known in the art.
  • a portion of the low energy detector of the high energy detector assembly and the low energy detector assembly that overlaps the high energy detector of the high energy detector assembly is configured to obtain a dual energy CT image.
  • the low-energy detector assembly is configured to obtain a low-energy CT image, and the three-dimensional dual-energy CT image is obtained by fusing the low-energy CT image and the dual-energy CT image.
  • a filter 2 can be disposed between the low energy detector assembly 1 and the high energy detector assembly 3.
  • the thickness of the filter is based on the energy of the X-ray emitted by the source 11 The amount is determined.
  • the filter 2 absorbs a portion of the ray energy to effectively pull the energy gap detected by the high and low energy detectors.
  • the material of the filter 2 may be copper, silver or gold, or an alloy material containing copper, silver or gold.
  • the low energy detector and the high energy detector may be formed from the same scintillator material, or the low energy detector and the high energy detector may be formed from different scintillator materials.
  • the scintillator material may be selected from one of the following materials: CsI(Tl), CdW04, GOS, ZnSe, YAG.
  • the detecting device 16 further includes a component 4 disposed between adjacent high energy detectors 31.
  • the component 4 is made of a radiation absorbing material.
  • the member 4 is made of at least one of aluminum, iron, copper, and lead or an alloy of at least one of aluminum, iron, copper, and lead.
  • Component 4 can suppress the scattered signal and can play a role in shielding radiation.
  • the conveyor 17 can include a conveyor belt 7, which is placed horizontally, and the rotating surface of the slip ring 12 can be substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the conveyor belt 7 or can be substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction V.
  • the distribution of the high-energy detector and the low-energy detector on the rotating surface of the slip ring 12 may be a circular arc, which may be an arc formed by a plurality of flat panel detectors.
  • the distribution of high-energy detectors and low-energy detectors in the rotating plane can take a variety of forms that meet the scanning channel requirements and CT system requirements.
  • the low energy detector assembly 1 can include multiple rows of low energy detectors that are denser than the array of high energy detectors.
  • the multi-row low-energy detectors are arranged in the same direction as the rows of high-energy detectors, and each row of high-energy detectors has a low-energy detector that overlaps.
  • the luggage is placed horizontally on the conveyor belt 7, the slip ring 12 is rotated, and the slip ring 12 drives the radiation source 11 and the detecting device 16 to rotate.
  • the rotation axis of the slip ring 12 can be parallel to the horizontal plane, and the scanning process for the luggage is spiral. Cone beam scanning.
  • the control unit 18 controls the movement of the conveyor belt 7 and the slip ring 12, and controls the data collection of the beam exiting of the radiation source 11 and the detecting device 16.
  • the data processing device 15 acquires the data detected by the detecting device 16, performs data processing, user interaction, and notifies the alarm device 19.
  • the alarm device 19 is responsible for issuing an alarm signal.
  • the data of the low-energy detector of the area array is reconstructed to obtain a high-resolution image.
  • the multi-row high-energy detector and the low-energy detector overlapping with the multi-row high-energy detector obtain dual-energy projection data
  • the CT image is obtained from the dual-energy projection data
  • the CT image can be a large-layer dual-energy CT image.
  • the algorithm can accurately obtain the high-low energy attenuation coefficient image, the equivalent atomic number Z value and the density D value of the detected object. According to the distribution of explosives and drugs in the ZD map, the above prohibited items can be accurately judged.
  • the high-resolution low-energy CT image and the large-layer dual-energy CT image are fused, and the high-resolution three-dimensional dual-energy CT image can be obtained by the whole CT system.
  • the CT system delivers a comprehensive benefit of high resolution imagery, cost control and material identification.
  • the projection data obtained by the low energy detector can be implemented by various reconstruction methods, such as the FDK algorithm.
  • the projection data obtained by the dual-energy detection device data can be realized by various classical algorithms, such as an iterative algorithm, an FDK algorithm or a tomographic reconstruction, and the base material decomposition or the double effect decomposition method is used to realize the substance recognition.
  • the main functions of the CT system according to the invention include:
  • CT spiral cone beam scanning can be performed on items such as bags;
  • Tools and guns can be presented and identified based on 3D dual-energy CT images
  • the center distance between two adjacent rows of high-energy detectors 31 is designed to be t, there are N rows (where N is an integer greater than 1), the speed of the slip ring is r Q , and the speed of the conveyor belt is s, then a scan satisfying the following relationship can be designed. the way: 1 _ t
  • each row of the high-energy detector 31 checks the 360-degree/N sector portion of the area, and the transfer device 17 moves the object every time the slip ring rotates 360 degrees/N.
  • the distance between the centers of the two adjacent rows of detectors is t, whereby the first row of detectors on the upstream side of the moving direction V of the transport device 17 in the N-row high-energy detector 31 starts from the first row to the last row of detectors.
  • the corresponding 360 degrees/N are respectively detected, whereby the detecting means outputs data, and based on the outputted data, for example, using a tomographic reconstruction method, an image of the object to be inspected is reconstructed.
  • the initial position of the first row of high-energy detectors 31 be T Q , then the second row is T Q _t, the third row is T Q _2t, and so on.
  • the slip ring 12 ie, the detector 31
  • the high-energy detector 31 moves in the axial direction of the slip ring 12 by a distance t with respect to the moving object to be inspected, so At this time, the position of the detector becomes T Q +t in the first row, T Q in the second row, T Q _t in the third row, and so on.
  • the n+1th row of high-energy detectors fall in the same axial position as the nth row of detectors before the rotation, and the angles are different by 2 ⁇ / ⁇ . It can be seen that after the full rotation of the slip ring, the high-energy detector of the tantalum is just filled with a 2 ⁇ angle in the range of T Q +t.
  • the tantalum high energy detector is just filled with a 2 ⁇ angle in the range of T Q to T Q +t. Therefore, it is preferable to reconstruct using a fault reconstruction method, and the method is simple and quick.
  • t in the figure indicates the center distance of the adjacent two rows of high-energy detectors in the conveying direction V of the conveyor belt 17, and d indicates the width of the probe 31 in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 17.
  • the spacing is the difference between t and d.
  • the spacing between the high energy detectors 31 can be 5 to 80 mm, 10 to 70 mm, 20 to 60 mm, 30 to 50 mm, 35 to 45 mm, 36 to 40 mm, or 38 mm.
  • the center distance t 2 d of the adjacent two rows of detectors in the detector of the detecting device according to the present invention effectively reduces the crystal area and reduces the cost. Compared to a single row of detectors, the detection speed is doubled.
  • the CT system according to the present invention can perform image fusion on low-energy CT images, high-low-energy attenuation coefficient images, density images, and atomic-number images, and presents images required by various customers.
  • the high-resolution low-energy CT image and the large-layer dual-energy CT image are fused, and the whole system can obtain high-resolution three-dimensional dual-energy CT images, and the dual-energy CT image can be used for intelligent identification of dangerous goods, achieving high accuracy. Dangerous goods identification results.
  • high-resolution density images and atomic number images can also be obtained by interpolation.

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Abstract

一种CT系统（10）和用于CT系统（10）的探测装置（16），该探测装置（16）包括：低能探测器组件（1）以及设置在所述低能探测器组件（1）之下的高能探测器组件（3），其中所述高能探测器组件（3）包括多排高能探测器（31），所述高能探测器（31）之间具有预定间距。该探测装置（16）减少了探测器和数据采集单元的数量，既获得了高分辨率的三维CT图像，又实现了高准确度的危险品报警。在保证高的系统性能下，降低了系统的制造成本。

Description

CT系统和用于 CT系统的探测装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种 CT系统以及一种用于 CT系统的探测装置。 背景技术
为了解决 CT系统扫描速度问题， 常规的方法就是使用面阵列探 测器， 每次可以同时采集多排数据来提高扫描速度。 随着安检领域对 危险品识别的高准确度的要求， 双能技术需求越来越迫切。要实现高 速扫描和高分辨率三维双能图像，常规方法是高低探测器都采用面阵 列排布方法， 这种系统所需探测器和数据采集单元数量庞大， 系统制 造成本很高。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种 CT系统和一种用于 CT系统的探测装 置， 由此在保证高的危险品识别性能的情况下降低成本。
根据本发明的一方面，本发明提供了一种用于 CT系统的探测装 置， 该探测装置包括： 低能探测器组件； 以及设置在所述低能探测器 组件之下的高能探测器组件， 其中所述高能探测器组件包括； 多排高 能探测器， 所述高能探测器之间具有预定间距。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述探测装置还包括滤波片， 所述滤波 片设置在低能探测器组件与所述高能探测器组件之间。
根据本发明的一方面，所述 CT系统在传送方向上传送被检查物 体， 并且所述多排高能探测器大致在传送方向上排列。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述低能探测器组件包括面阵列的低能 探测器。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述面阵列的低能探测器大致分布在圆 柱面上。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述高能探测器中的每一个的朝向所述 低能探测器组件的表面大体在圆柱面上。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述高能探测器之间的预定间距是 5 至 80毫米。 根据本发明的一方面， 所述高能探测器之间的预定间距是 30至 50毫米。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述探测装置还包括设置在相邻的所述 高能探测器之间的部件。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述部件由射线吸收材料制成。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述部件由铝、 铁、 铜和铅中的至少一 种或铝、 铁、 铜和铅中的至少一种的合金制成。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探 测器组件的高能探测器重叠的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分 构造成获得双能 CT图像。
根据本发明的一方面， 本发明提供了一种 CT系统， 该 CT系统 包括： 在传送方向上传送被检查物体的传送装置； 滑环； 与滑环连接 的射线源； 以及与射线源相对并连接在滑环上的探测装置， 其中所述 探测装置包括： 低能探测器组件； 以及设置在所述低能探测器组件之 下的高能探测器组件， 其中所述高能探测器组件包括； 多排高能探测 器， 所述高能探测器之间具有预定间距。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述多排高能探测器大致在传送方向上 排列。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述滑环每旋转 360度 /N， 传送装置将 被检查物体移动的距离为相邻两排探测器的中心距，其中 N为高能探 测器的排数。
根据本发明的一方面， N为高能探测器的排数， 所述滑环每旋转 360度 /N， 传送装置将被检查物体移动的距离为相邻两排探测器的中 心距， 由此所述探测装置输出数据， 并基于输出的所述数据， 来重建 被检查物体的图像。
优选方式是， 基于输出的所述数据， 利用断层重建方法来重建 被检查物体的图像。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探 测器组件的高能探测器重叠的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分 构造成获得双能 CT图像。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述低能探测器组件获得低能 CT图像， 并且高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探测器组件的高能探测器重叠 的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分获得双能 CT图像， 通过对低 能 CT图像和双能 CT图像进行融合处理， 由此获得三维双能 CT图 像。
根据本发明的一方面， 所述低能探测器组件包括面阵列的低能 探测器。
本发明提出了低能探测器面阵列排布、 高能探测器稀疏排布， 由此大大减少了探测器和数据采集单元， 既获得了高分辨率的三维
CT图像， 又实现了高准确度的危险品报警。在保证高的系统性能下， 大大降低了系统的制造成本。 附图说明
图 1是根据本发明的实施例的用于行李安全检查的 CT系统的示 意图；
图 2 是根据本发明的实施例的用于 CT 系统的探测装置的示意 图；
图 3是根据本发明的实施例的用于行李安全检查的 CT系统的示 意图；
图 4是根据本发明的实施例的用于 CT系统的探测装置的示意剖 面图； 以及
图 5是根据本发明的实施例的用于 CT系统的探测装置的示意剖 面图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明做进 如图 1和 3所示， 根据本发明的实施例的 CT系统 10包括： 在 传送方向 V上传送被检查物体的传送装置 17; 能够绕旋转轴线转动 的滑环 12， 旋转轴线可以与传送方向 V大致平行； 与滑环 12连接的 射线源 11 ; 与射线源 11相对并连接在滑环 12上的探测装置 16， 探 测装置 16和射线源 11可以一起随滑环 12转动； 用于控制 CT系统 10操作的控制装置 18;用于对探测装置 16探测到的数据进行处理的 数据处理装置 15 ; 以及当被检查物体中存在可疑物时进行报警的报 警装置 19。
射线源 11可以发射 X射线。 射线源 11可以是 X光机、 加速器 或放射性同位素等。 数据处理装置 15可以是计算机等。 数据处理装 置 15可以包含在控制装置 18中。
如图 2和 4所示， 探测装置 16包括低能探测器组件 1 ; 以及设置 在所述低能探测器组件 1之下的高能探测器组件 3。
如图 2和 4所示， 低能探测器组件 1包括面阵列的低能探测器。 面阵列的低能探测器大致分布在圆柱面上，所述圆柱面的中心轴线大 致通过射线源 11 的焦点， 或者所述圆柱面的中心轴线大致平行于滑 环 12的旋转轴线。 作为选择， 面阵列的每个低能探测器的中心可以 分布在以射线源 11的焦点为圆心的圆弧上。
如图 2和 4所示， 高能探测器组件 3包括多排高能探测器 31， 所述高能探测器 31之间具有预定间距。多排高能探测器 31大致在传 送方向 V上排列。 高能探测器 31中的每一个的朝向所述低能探测器 组件 1的表面大体在圆柱面上，所述圆柱面的中心轴线大致通过射线 源 11的焦点，或者所述圆柱面的中心轴线大致平行于滑环 12的旋转 轴线。此外， 多排高能探测器可以采用本领域公知的任何合适的布置 结构。所述高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探测器组件的高能探测器 重叠的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分构造成获得双能 CT 图 像。 所述低能探测器组件构造成获得低能 CT图像， 通过对低能 CT 图像和双能 CT图像进行融合处理， 由此获得三维双能 CT图像。
如图 2和 4所示， 低能探测器组件 1与高能探测器组件 3之间 可以设置滤波片 2。 滤波片的厚度根据射线源 11发射的 X射线的能 量来决定。滤波片 2吸收一部分射线能量， 以有效拉开高低能探测器 探测的能量差距。 滤波片 2的材料可以为铜、 银或金， 或者是含铜、 银或金的合金材料等。
低能探测器和高能探测器可以由同一种闪烁体材料形成， 或者 低能探测器和高能探测器可以由不同闪烁体材料形成。闪烁体材料可 以选自下述材料中的一种： CsI(Tl)、 CdW04、 GOS、 ZnSe、 YAG。
如图 5所示， 根据本发明的一种实施方式， 探测装置 16还包括 设置在相邻的所述高能探测器 31之间的部件 4。 所述部件 4由射线 吸收材料制成。 例如， 所述部件 4由铝、 铁、 铜和铅中的至少一种或 铝、铁、铜和铅中的至少一种的合金制成。部件 4可以抑制散射信号， 并可起到一定的屏蔽辐射的作用。
如图 1和 3所示， 传送装置 17可以包括传送带 7， 该传送带 7 水平放置， 滑环 12的旋转面可以大致与传送带 7的水平面垂直或者 可以大致与传送方向 V垂直。
高能探测器和低能探测器在滑环 12的旋转面上的分布可以是圆 弧状， 可以是多个平板探测器拼接成的圆弧。高能探测器和低能探测 器在旋转面内的分布可以采用符合扫描通道要求和 CT系统要求的各 种形式。
作为选择，低能探测器组件 1可以包括比多排高能探测器排列更 密集的多排低能探测器。该多排低能探测器的排列方向与多排高能探 测器的排列方向一致， 且每排高能探测器都有与之重叠的低能探测 器。
安全检查过程中， 行李放置在传送带 7上水平移动， 滑环 12旋 转， 滑环 12带动射线源 11和探测装置 16旋转， 滑环 12的旋转轴线 可以与水平面平行， 对行李的扫描过程是螺旋锥束扫描。 控制装置 18控制传送带 7和滑环 12的动作， 控制射线源 11的出束和探测装 置 16的数据采集。数据处理装置 15获取探测装置 16探测到的数据、 进行数据处理、 用户交互操作和通知报警装置 19。 报警装置 19负责 发出报警信号。
面阵列的低能探测器的数据经过重建可以获得高分辨的图像。 多排高能探测器和与多排高能探测器重叠的低能探测器一起获得双 能投影数据， 由该双能投影数据获得 CT图像， 该 CT图像可以是大 层厚的双能 CT图像。 经过算法计算可以准确获得被检测物体高低能 衰减系数图像、 等效原子序数 Z值和密度 D值的信息， 根据爆炸物 及毒品在 Z-D图中的分布，可以准确判断上述违禁物品。将高分辨率 的低能 CT图像和大层厚的双能 CT图像进行融合处理， 整个 CT系 统可以得到高分辨的三维双能 CT图像。 基于高分辨率的图像， 可以 给出毒品、爆炸物等违禁品的位置，进一歩可以分析出违禁品的形状、 大小和质量。 该 CT系统实现了高分辨率图像、 成本控制和材料识别 的综合效益。
低能探测器获得的投影数据可以用各种重建方法， 比如 FDK算 法来实现。 双能探测装置数据获取的投影数据可以用各种经典算法， 如迭代算法、 FDK 算法或断层重建来实现， 运用基材料分解或双效 应分解方法来实现物质识别。
根据本发明的 CT系统的主要功能包括：
1.可以对箱包等物品进行 CT螺旋锥束扫描；
2.可以得到高分辨率的低能 CT切片图像和三维图像；
3.可以获得大层厚的双能 CT切片图像；
4.通过图像融合方法获得高分辨率的双能 CT图像；
5.可以根据三维双能 CT图像对刀具、 枪支等进行呈现和识别；
6.根据双能 CT图像数据获得箱包的原子序数、 密度和高低能衰 减系数图像数据从而可以识别被检物是否隐藏毒品、爆炸物和其他违 禁品； 以及
7.可以得到毒品、 爆炸物和违禁品的位置、 大小、 类别和重量估 计。
下面， 描述根据本发明的 CT系统的高能探测器 31 的具体操作 方式。
设计相邻两排高能探测器 31的中心距为 t， 共有 N排 （其中 N 为大于 1的整数） ， 滑环的转速为 rQ， 传送带的速度为 s， 则可设计 满足如下关系的扫描方式： 1 _ t
Nr0 s 在滑环 12每旋转 360度的检查区域中， 每排高能探测器 31检 查该区域的 360度/ N的扇形部分， 同时滑环每旋转 360度 /N， 传送 装置 17将物体移动的距离为相邻两排探测器的中心距 t，由此从所述 N排高能探测器 31中的传送装置 17移动方向 V的上游侧的第一排 探测器开始依次到最后一排探测器分别检测对应的 360度 /N,由此所 述探测装置输出数据， 并基于输出的所述数据， 例如， 利用断层重建 方法， 来重建被检查物体的图像。
设第 1排高能探测器 31的初始位置为 TQ， 则第 2排为 TQ_t， 第 3排为 TQ_2t， 依次类推。
则由上关系式易得， 当滑环 12 (即探测器 31 ) 转动 1/N圈时， 相对于移动的被检查物体高能探测器 31在滑环 12的轴向上行走了距 离 t， 所以此时探测器的位置变为第 1排为 TQ+t， 第 2排为 TQ， 第 3 排为 TQ_t， 依次类推。 此时， 第 n+1排高能探测器落于与转动前的 第 n排探测器的同一轴向位置， 角度相差 2π/Ν。 由此可知， 当滑环 转动一整圈后， Ν排高能探测器刚好排满 ^到 TQ+t范围内的 2π角 度。
对于高低能探测器获得的双能投影数据， 理论上可以用各种重 建方法来重建。 如上所述， 当滑环转动一整圈后， Ν排高能探测器刚 好排满 TQ到 TQ+t范围内的 2π角度。 所以可以优选地用断层重建方 法来重建， 方法简单快捷。
如图 4所示， 图中的 t表示相邻两排高能探测器沿传送带 17的 传送方向 V上的中心距离， d表示探测器 31沿传送带 17的传送方向 上 V的宽度。 所述间距为 t与 d的差值。 高能探测器 31之间的间距 可以是 5至 80毫米、 10至 70毫米、 20至 60毫米、 30至 50毫米、 35至 45毫米、 36至 40毫米， 或者 38毫米。
根据本发明的探测装置的探测器中相邻两排探测器的中心距离 t » d， 从而有效降低了晶体面积， 降低了成本。 对比于单排的探测 器， 会成倍的提高检测速度。 根据本发明的 CT系统可以对低能的 CT图像、 高低能衰减系数 图像、 密度图像、 原子序数图像进行图像融合， 呈现出各种客户需要 的图像。 将高分辨率的低能 CT图像和大层厚的双能 CT图像进行融 合处理， 整个系统可以得到高分辨的三维双能 CT 图像， 通过双能 CT图像进行危险品智能识别处理，获得高准确度的危险品识别结果。 此外，也可以通过插值的方法来得到高分辨率的密度图像和原子序数 图像。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种用于 CT系统的探测装置， 包括：
低能探测器组件； 以及
设置在所述低能探测器组件之下的高能探测器组件， 其中所述 高能探测器组件包括多排高能探测器，所述高能探测器之间具有预定 间距。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 还包括： 滤波片， 所述滤波片设置在低能探测器组件与所述高能探测器 组件之间。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中所述
CT系统在传送方向上传送被检查物体， 并且所述多排高能探测器大 致在传送方向上排列。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中所述 低能探测器组件包括面阵列的低能探测器。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中所述 面阵列的低能探测器大致分布在圆柱面上。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中所述 高能探测器中的每一个的朝向所述低能探测器组件的表面大体在圆 柱面上。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中所述 高能探测器之间的预定间距是 5至 80毫米。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中所述 高能探测器之间的预定间距是 30至 50毫米。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 还包括设 置在相邻的所述高能探测器之间的部件。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中 所述部件由射线吸收材料制成。
11. 根据权利要求 9所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中 所述部件由铝、 铁、 铜和铅中的至少一种或铝、 铁、 铜和铅中 的至少一种的合金制成。
12. 根据权利要求 1或 4所述的用于 CT系统的探测装置， 其中 所述高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探测器组件的高能探测器 重叠的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分构造成获得双能 CT 图 像。
13. 一种 CT系统， 包括：
在传送方向上传送被检查物体的传送装置；
滑环；
与滑环连接的射线源； 以及
与射线源相对并连接在滑环上的探测装置，其中所述探测装置是 根据权利要求 1所述的探测装置。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的 CT系统， 其中所述多排高能探测 器大致在传送方向上排列。
15.根据权利要求 14所述的 CT系统，其中所述滑环每旋转 360 度 /N， 传送装置将被检查物体移动的距离为相邻两排探测器的中心 距， 其中 N为高能探测器的排数。
16. 根据权利要求 14所述的 CT系统， 其中 N为高能探测器的 排数， 所述滑环每旋转 360度 /N， 传送装置将被检查物体移动的距离 为相邻两排探测器的中心距， 由此所述探测装置输出数据， 并基于输 出的所述数据， 来重建被检查物体的图像。
17. 根据权利要求 16所述的 CT系统， 其中基于输出的所述数 据， 利用断层重建方法来重建被检查物体的图像。
18. 根据权利要求 13所述的 CT系统， 其中
所述高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探测器组件的高能探测器 重叠的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分构造成获得双能 CT 图 像。
19. 根据权利要求 13所述的 CT系统， 其中所述低能探测器组 件获得低能 CT图像， 并且高能探测器组件以及与所述高能探测器组 件的高能探测器重叠的低能探测器组件的低能探测器的部分获得双 能 CT图像， 通过对低能 CT图像和双能 CT图像进行融合处理， 由 此获得三维双能 CT图像。
20. 根据权利要求 19所述的 CT系统， 其中所述低能探测器组 件包括面阵列的低能探测器。
PCT/CN2013/079382 2012-09-26 2013-07-15 Ct系统和用于ct系统的探测装置 Ceased WO2014048163A1 (zh)

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