WO2014048379A1 - 治疗肿瘤的组合药物及其应用 - Google Patents

治疗肿瘤的组合药物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2014048379A1
WO2014048379A1 PCT/CN2013/084547 CN2013084547W WO2014048379A1 WO 2014048379 A1 WO2014048379 A1 WO 2014048379A1 CN 2013084547 W CN2013084547 W CN 2013084547W WO 2014048379 A1 WO2014048379 A1 WO 2014048379A1
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group
formula
cancer
composition
tumor
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French (fr)
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徐荣臻
荣风光
谢福文
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Hangzhou Bensheng Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Bensheng Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/432,421 priority Critical patent/US20150290232A1/en
Priority to JP2015533442A priority patent/JP2015531356A/ja
Priority to EP13840987.5A priority patent/EP2902027A4/en
Priority to CN201380047269.9A priority patent/CN104619325A/zh
Publication of WO2014048379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014048379A1/zh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7028Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
    • A61K31/7034Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
    • A61K31/704Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/4738Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4745Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/02Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicine and medicinal chemistry, and relates to a novel anti-tumor combination medicine, in particular to a combination medicine of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid and an anthracycline compound and a use thereof for treating tumor.
  • Background technique
  • the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are a very important natural product.
  • the medicinal materials are widely available, the separation, extraction and identification processes are mature, and a number of well-defined monomers are used as medicines for clinical use.
  • Berylamine, tetrandrine and tetrandrine are widely available.
  • Berbamine is also known as 6,6,7-trimethoxy-2,2,-dimethyl-white amine-12-ol (6,6,,7-trimethoxy-2,2 ,-dimethylberbaman-12-ol ) , is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Chinese herbal medicine Berberis.
  • Berbamine stimulates myeloblast proliferation and increases hematopoietic stem cell colony factor
  • the content of (GCSF) promotes the proliferation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and granulocyte progenitor cells, and differentiates into granulocyte cells and promotes the proliferation of leukocytes (Lin Chuanrong, et al., Clinical observation of leukocapac (pefamide) in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced leukopenia, Chinese patent medicine, 1994, 16 (7), 29).
  • Berbamine inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells by inducing apoptosis and affecting the cell cycle in a time and concentration dependent manner. (Sun Peng et al, berberine induced apoptosis and mechanism of prostate cancer PC-3 cells, Chinese Journal of Experimental Surgery, 2007, 24 (8), 957).
  • Berbamine has obvious proliferation inhibition effect and clear apoptosis-inducing effect on K562 cells in vitro, and it has a time-concentration-dependent relationship. In the tumor-bearing mice, berbamine also has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of K562 cells. In particular, it can down-regulate the expression level of bcr/abl mRNA in tumor tissue cells. (Wu Dong et al., Experimental study on the effect of berbamine on K562 cells in vitro and in vivo, Chinese Journal of Experimental Hematology, 2005, 13 (3), 373).
  • Berbamine inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes and promotes the activity of natural killer cells in vitro. It can induce high levels of interleukin II (IL-2) in vitro and in vivo, avoiding the use of large doses. Toxic side effects caused by IL-2 in the treatment of tumors.
  • IL-2 interleukin II
  • berbamine has a good protective effect on the immune system of radiation-induced mice (Liu Xin et al., Immunomodulatory effects of berbamine on BALB/C mice, Journal of China Medical University, 1996, 25 (3), 229; Luo Chongnian et al.
  • Fangchinoline an alias of hexanoline
  • FAN is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the root of Chinese herbal medicine. It is a natural calcium antagonist and has significant therapeutic effects on various diseases, such as broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, anti-hypertension, diabetes, liver fibrosis, and protection against brain cells. Recent studies have found that it also has significant anti-tumor effects.
  • Tetrandrine (TTD, TE), also known as tetrandrine, chemical formula
  • an anthracycline compound with a side chain and an amino sugar such as daunorubicin, norepinephrine, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin , deoxynomycin, triiron adriamycin, THP doxorubicin, fluvomycin, aclarithromycin, doxycycline, etc., show a wide range of anti-tumor activity, which induces apoptosis, regulates immunity And the mechanism of drug resistance, and the side effects have been deeply studied.
  • Aclarithromycin A is an antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces elegans MA-144-M1 (ATCC 31133).
  • the results of Oki T et al. showed that ACM-A has a good anti-tumor effect.
  • the leukemia cells L1210 and P388 were inoculated into mice, and the ACM-A dose of 0.5-5 mg/kg/day was injected for 10 consecutive days, and the survival rate was increased by 150% compared with the mice without antibiotics.
  • ACM-A also has a very significant effect.
  • Aclarithromycin A belongs to the anthracycline anticancer antibiotic, which is much less toxic to the heart than doxorubicin and daunorubicin.
  • ACM-A can significantly inhibit the growth of mouse leukemia P 388 and human gastric cancer cell SGC-7901 in vitro. At a concentration of 0.01 ig/ml, 65.4% of clone formation, ED 5 , was inhibited. It is 0.0085 ig/ml.
  • ACM-A has a significant therapeutic effect on leukemia mice, prolonging the life time of mice by 143%, and half of the mice are treated. It also has a strong inhibitory effect on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and sarcoma-180. (Yang Jinlong et al. Antitumor effects of domestic aclarubicin A in vitro and in vivo, Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 1988, 23(5): 321-326 )
  • Aclarithromycin A inhibits growth in a variety of animal tumors and human tumors.
  • the complete response rate (CR) of newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) is up to 70%; for treated ANLL with ACM combined with chemotherapy, CR is 23%-47%.
  • This medicine is also effective against myelodysplastic syndrome, malignant lymphoma, breast cancer, and gastric cancer.
  • Aclarithromycin A has obvious curative effect on acute leukemia, lymphosarcoma and metastatic tumors of stomach, pancreas, intestine, ovary, lung and bladder, and has good effects on liver cancer.
  • ACM-A was administered orally and intravenously, the intra-tissue level was determined by HPLC.
  • the intra-tissue concentration was higher than the blood level. The highest concentration was in the lymph nodes and spleen, and the concentration in the lung was lower and the heart concentration was the lowest.
  • the concentration of the two metabolites increased steadily and exceeded the concentration of the parent drug ACM-A after 12 - 18 h.
  • the total bioavailability of ACM-A and the three metabolites was 89%.
  • combination therapy has become the main method of clinical treatment of AIDS.
  • This approach has several advantages, such as: (a) Multiple targets inhibit HIV replication, delay the clinical progression of HIV infection; (b) Minimize the risk of HIV resistance; (c) Significantly improve AIDS patients Quality of life and survival.
  • Dr. He Dayi's cocktail therapy is a combination of three or more antiviral drugs to treat AIDS. The application of this therapy can reduce the resistance of a single drug, minimize the replication of the virus, and restore some or even all of the damaged immune function, thereby delaying the progression of the disease, prolonging the life of the patient, and improving the quality of life.
  • mixed-drug therapy is the most effective treatment for AIDS, preventing both HIV reproduction and the development of drug-resistant viruses.
  • the present invention provides a combination of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid and an anthracycline compound to improve the efficacy, selectivity and cure rate of the tumor.
  • a combination of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid and an anthracycline compound for treating a tumor, and a drug capable of improving the efficacy or the treatment rate have not been reported. It is an object of the present invention to provide a "cocktail" or combination for treating tumors. Summary of the invention
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an antitumor combination drug of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) and an anthracycline compound of the formula (II) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • it is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, a substituted acyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group may be The heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, etc.
  • R 2 and R 3 may together be oxygen or sulfur
  • R 4 and R 5 are each hydrogen, a substituted acyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group may be oxygenated, The hetero atom of nitrogen and sulfur is interrupted; and R 5 may be oxygen or gram together
  • Xj , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 may be the same or different, and each independently is a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • w 2 is hydrogen, glycosyl, amino substituted glycosyl
  • w 3 , w 4 is hydrogen, hydroxy, substituted or unsubstituted An alkyl group, a substituted carbonyl group
  • w 5 is hydrogen, a substituted carbonyl group or an ester group
  • w 6 is hydrogen, a hydroxyl group.
  • the substituent is selected from the group consisting of halogen, amine group, C C6 substituted amine group, nitro group, tt, hydroxyl group, dC 6 alkoxy group, fluorenyl group, dc 6 alkylthio group.
  • the substituent may be one or several simultaneous (which may be the same or different), each substituted hydrogen atom.
  • the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) may be selected from the group consisting of:
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a suitable combination of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) and an anthracycline compound of the formula (II) as an antibiotic Oncology drugs. Through the synergy between the two, a better therapeutic effect can be achieved. In particular, a combination of tetrandrine and aclarin.
  • a third object of the present invention is to provide the use of the combination of the present invention, particularly for the clinical use of tumors.
  • the invention provides a method of treating a tumor patient comprising administering to a patient in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one combination of the invention.
  • the tumor is particularly selected from the group consisting of leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, osteosarcoma, melanoma, human cervical cancer, glioma, Nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, middle ear tumor, prostate cancer, etc.
  • FIG.B Dynamic curve of the effect of TTD combined with Acla A on the volume of transplanted tumor in A549.
  • Figure 5 The dynamic curve of the effect of TTD combined with Acla A on the volume of Hep G2 transplanted tumor.
  • Figure 5. The effect of TTD combined with Acla A on the size of Hep G2 transplanted tumor in mice.
  • the present invention provides an antitumor combination drug of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) and an anthracycline compound of the formula (II).
  • R 1 is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
  • R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, a substituted acyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group It may be interrupted by a hetero atom such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur; R 2 and R 3 may also be oxygen or sulfur together
  • R 4 and R 5 are each hydrogen, a substituted acyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group may be Interstitial of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur heteroatoms; R 4 and R 5 may together be oxygen or gram
  • Xj , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 may be the same or different and each independently is a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or Alkoxy or acyloxy, and n is an integer from 0 to 4;
  • C(1) and C() are
  • w 2 is hydrogen, glycosyl, amino substituted glycosyl
  • w 3 , w 4 is hydrogen, hydroxy, substituted or unsubstituted An alkyl group, a substituted carbonyl group
  • w 5 is hydrogen, a substituted carbonyl group or an ester group
  • w 6 is hydrogen, a hydroxyl group.
  • the substituent is selected from the group consisting of halogen, amine group, C C6 substituted amine group, nitro group, tt, hydroxyl group, dC 6 alkoxy group, fluorenyl group, dc 6 alkylthio group.
  • the substituent may be one or several simultaneous (which may be the same or different), each substituted hydrogen atom.
  • the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) may be selected from the group consisting of bisbenzylisoquinolines of the formula (I).
  • the alkaloid may be selected from the group consisting of:
  • Anthracyclines of the general formula ( ⁇ ) of tetrandrine can be selected from the group consisting of:
  • Aclaramycin A Aclaramycin B
  • the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) can be prepared and characterized according to the methods described in, for example, CN1903856A, US 6617335 Bl or CN101371839A.
  • the anthracyclines of the formula (II) can be prepared and identified for structure and activity according to, for example, the method described in U.S. Patent 4,375,511 A and Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1988, 23(5):321-326.
  • a suitable combination of the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) of the present invention and an anthracycline compound of the formula (II) is used as an antitumor drug. Through the synergy between the two, a better therapeutic effect can be achieved. In particular, a combination of tetrandrine and aclarithromycin.
  • the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) may form a corresponding salt in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid.
  • aromatic hydrocarbon group means an aromatic hydrocarbon group having no hetero atom, and includes an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group and an alkyl arene group.
  • aromatic heterocyclic group means an aromatic hydrocarbon group containing a hetero atom, and includes a heterocyclic arene group, a heterocyclic arenealkyl group and an alkylheteroaryl group. Heteroatoms refer to nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The aromatic heterocyclic group may contain one or several hetero atoms.
  • halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • diC 6 substituted amino refers to -N-Ci-C 6 alkyl and -NC 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl.
  • dC 6 alkoxy refers to -0-dC 6 alkyl and -oc 3 -c 6 cycloalkyl.
  • dC 6 alkylthio refers to -S-dC 6 alkyl and -sc 3 -c 6 cycloalkyl.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts includes, but is not limited to, tosylate, mesylate, malate, acetate, citrate, malonate, tartrate, succinate, benzoate , ascorbate, alpha-ketoglutarate and alpha-glycerophosphate; also includes inorganic salts; these include, but are not limited to, hydrochlorides, sulfates, nitrates, bicarbonates and carbonates, phosphoric acid Salt, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, etc.
  • treating generally refers to obtaining the desired pharmacological and/or physiological effects.
  • the effect # may completely or partially prevent the disease or its symptoms, may be prophylactic; and / or according to partial or complete stabilization or cure of the disease and / or side effects due to the disease, may It is therapeutic.
  • treatment covers any treatment for a patient's condition, including:
  • the present invention also provides a suitable combination of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) and an anthracycline compound of the formula (II) as an antitumor drug. Through the synergy between the two, better inhibition and treatment effects are achieved. In particular, a combination of tetrandrine and aclarin.
  • the present invention is a combination of two or more kinds of a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (I) and an anthracycline compound of the formula (II) as an antitumor drug, and the composition and weight percentage thereof may be :
  • Tetrandrine accounts for 0.1-80%, preferably 1-50% of the active ingredient
  • Aclaramycin accounts for 0.1-80%, preferably 1-50% of the active ingredient.
  • the present invention provides a combination medicament comprising at least two compounds as described above, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • Methods of preparing the pharmaceutical compositions include the incorporation of suitable pharmaceutical excipients, carriers, diluents and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention is produced by a known method, including a conventional mixing, dissolving or lyophilizing method.
  • compositions of the present invention are administered to a patient in a variety of ways suitable for the chosen mode of administration, such as orally or parenterally (by intravenous, intramuscular, topical or subcutaneous routes).
  • the combination of the present invention can be administered systemically, for example, orally, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They can be enclosed in hard or soft shell gelatin capsules and can be compressed into tablets.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as an inert diluent or an edible carrier.
  • the active compound may be combined with one or more excipients and in the form of swallowable tablets, buccal tablets, tablets, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, and the like.
  • Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1% of active compound.
  • the ratio of such compositions and formulations may of course vary and may range from about 1% to about 99% by weight of a given unit dosage form.
  • the amount of active compound is such that an effective dosage level can be obtained.
  • Tablets, lozenges, pills, capsules, and the like may also contain: a binder such as tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; an excipient such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrant such as corn starch , potato starch, alginic acid, etc.; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetener such as sucrose, fructose, lactose or aspartame; or a flavoring agent such as mint, wintergreen or cherry.
  • a liquid carrier such as vegetable oil or polyethylene glycol.
  • any material used to prepare any unit dosage form should be pharmaceutically acceptable and non-toxic in the amounts employed.
  • the active compound can be incorporated into sustained release formulations and sustained release devices.
  • the active compound can also be administered intravenously or intraperitoneally by infusion or injection.
  • An aqueous solution of the active compound or a salt thereof, optionally a miscible non-toxic surfactant can be prepared.
  • Dispersing agents in glycerin, liquid polyethylene glycols, triacetin and mixtures thereof, and oils can also be prepared. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent microbial growth.
  • the pharmaceutical dosage form suitable for injection or infusion may comprise a sterile aqueous solution or dispersion of the active ingredient (optionally encapsulated in a liposome) comprising a ready-to-use preparation suitable for sterile injectable or infusible solutions or dispersions. Or sterile powder.
  • the final dosage form must be sterile, liquid, and stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage.
  • the liquid carrier can be a solvent or liquid dispersion medium including, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), vegetable oils, non-toxic glycerides, and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • Appropriate fluidity can be maintained, for example, by liposome formation, by maintaining the desired particle size in the case of dispersing agents, or by the use of surfactants.
  • Microbial action can be prevented by various antibacterial and antifungal agents (e.g., parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, etc.).
  • isotonic agents such as sugars, buffers or sodium chloride.
  • Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use of compositions that delay the absorption (e.g., aluminum monostearate and gelatin).
  • Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by combining the required active compound in a suitable solvent with the various other ingredients listed above, followed by filter sterilization.
  • the preferred preparation methods are vacuum drying and lyophilization techniques which result in a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional ingredients present in the previously sterile filtration solution. .
  • Useful solid carriers include 4 divided solids (e.g., talc, clay, ⁇ twinned cellulose, silica, alumina, etc.).
  • Useful liquid carriers include water, ethanol or ethylene glycol or a water-ethanol/ethylene glycol mixture, and the combination medicaments of the present invention may be dissolved or dispersed in an effective amount, optionally with the aid of a non-toxic surfactant.
  • Adjuvants such as fragrances
  • additional antimicrobial agents can be added to optimize the properties for a given use.
  • Thickeners can also be used with liquid carriers to form coatable pastes, gels, ointments. , soap, etc., used directly on the user's skin.
  • the therapeutic requirements of a compound or an active salt or derivative thereof depend not only on the particular salt selected, but also on the mode of administration, the nature of the disease to be treated, and the age and condition of the patient, ultimately depending on the attending physician or clinician decision.
  • unit dosage form is a unit dosage unit containing a physical dispersion unit suitable for administration to humans and other mammalian bodies.
  • the unit dosage form can be a capsule or tablet, or a lot of capsules or tablets.
  • the amount of unit dose of the active ingredient can vary or be adjusted from about 0.1 to about 1000 grams or more.
  • the active ingredient content of the basic unit of measurement per preparation may be:
  • each main component may be, but is not limited to,:
  • Anthracyclines 1-50%;
  • Microcrystalline cellulose 0-25%
  • Polyethylene glycol 0-5%
  • Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 0-5%
  • Magnesium stearate 0-5%.
  • the invention also provides for the use of the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention, particularly for anti-tumor use. Accordingly, the invention provides a method of treating a tumor patient comprising administering to a patient in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one combination drug of the invention.
  • the combination drug of the bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid and the anthracycline compound of the present invention can be used, for example, for treating leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer , colorectal cancer, osteosarcoma, melanoma, human cervical cancer, glioma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, middle ear tumor, prostate cancer and other tumors.
  • TTD tetrandrine
  • AclaA aclamycin A
  • K562/adr resistant chronic myeloid leukemia, CML
  • Kasumi-1 acute myeloid leukemia M2, AML-M2
  • Jurkat acute lymphocytic leukemia, ALL
  • Acla A (Aclaramycin A, Shenzhen Wanle Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
  • Example 2 Inhibition of human lymphoma and multiple myeloma cells by TTD combined with Acla A
  • Myeloma cell line RPMI 8226 (multiple myeloma), purchased from Shanghai Fuxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Raji (human Burkitt lymphoma cells), purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection.
  • the tested lymphoma and myeloma cell lines IC 5 TTD and the Acla A.
  • the cell viability was significantly decreased when TTD or Acla A alone.
  • Raji and RPMI 8226 the IC 50 of TTD and Acla A After the combination of doses, the cell viability was nearly 20% lower than that of P alone.
  • Example 3 Inhibition of human solid tumor cells by TTD combined with Acla A
  • Human solid tumor cell lines Hep-2 (larynx cancer), A549 (human lung cancer), CaES-17 (esophage cancer cells), PC-3 (prostate cancer), CNE (nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells), SPC-A-1 (human lung adenocarcinoma cells), SK-OV-3 (ovarian cancer cells), all purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection; RKO (human colon adenocarcinoma cells), MGC 803 (human gastric cancer cells), MG63 (osteosarcoma) ), U87 MG (malignant glioma cells), all purchased from Shanghai Fuxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer), Huh7 (human liver cancer cells), Hep G2 (human liver cancer cells), Becap37 (human) Breast cancer cells, Hela (human cervical cancer cells), were all donated to the Institute of Cancer Research, Zhejiang University.
  • Example 4 Effect of TTD on lung cancer and liver cancer xenografts in rats
  • Lung cancer cell line A549 (human non-small cell lung cancer cell line);
  • Hepatoma cell line Hep G2 (human liver cancer cell line);
  • mice BALB/c-nu rats (immune-deficient mice), 8 weeks, female, purchased from Shanghai Institute of Experimental Animals, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • the amount of cells in lx l0 7 /0.2 mL/mouse (live cell rate >90%), subcutaneously injected into the right axilla of rats; Hep G2 at 1 ⁇ 10 7 /0.2 mL/cell volume (live) The cell rate was >90%), and the mouse model of lung cancer and liver cancer was established by subcutaneous injection into the left axilla of the mouse.
  • the drug was administered on the second day after inoculation.
  • the experimental group was intragastrically administered according to the experimental design.
  • the negative control group was intragastrically administrated with sterile water.
  • the positive control group was administered with j e f.
  • Each mouse was intragastrically administered with 0.4 mL per day.
  • medication time is 8 points, 14 points, 20 points, continuous medication for 10 days.
  • Body weight and tumor diameter were measured every 5 days before the day before the drug administration, and the body weight and tumor growth dynamic maps were made.
  • the tumor was dissected and weighed.
  • the tumor inhibition rate (%) was calculated by the drug inhibition rate of 0 in the control group.
  • TTD has a tumor inhibition rate of 38% in the dose used in this experiment, which has a certain inhibitory effect (see Figure 1.B to Figure 1E). TTD did not show any inhibitory effect on liver cancer in this experiment (see Figure 2.A to Figure 2.D). Inferred from the dynamic changes in animal body weight, TTD caused a partial decrease in body weight of the rats during the course of the experiment, but gradually recovered after stopping the drug (see Figure 1.A).
  • Example 5 Effect of Acla A on lung cancer xenografts in mice
  • Lung cancer cell line A549 (human non-small cell lung cancer cell line);
  • mice BALB/c-nu rats (immune-deficient mice), 8 weeks, female, purchased from Shanghai Institute of Experimental Animals, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Acla A (Aclaramycin A, Shenzhen Wanle Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.)
  • the tumor cells in the logarithmic growth phase were collected, and the A549 cells (viable cell rate >90%) were injected at 6 ⁇ 10 6 /0.2 mL/mouse, and subcutaneously injected into the right axilla of the rats to establish lung cancer.
  • Mouse transplant tumor model The drug was administered on the second day after inoculation.
  • the experimental group was intragastrically administered according to the experimental design.
  • the negative control group was intragastrically administrated with sterile water.
  • the positive control group was intragastrically administered with Jef.
  • Each mouse was intragastrically administered with 0.4 mL each time, and the drug was administered twice a day.
  • the medication time was 8 points, 14 points, and continuous medication for 14 days.
  • Body weight and tumor diameter were measured every 5 days before the day before the drug administration, and the body weight and tumor growth dynamic maps were made. On the 20th day, the tumor was dissected and weighed.
  • the tumor inhibition rate (%) was calculated by the inhibition rate of the control
  • Example 6 Effect of TTD combined with Acla A on lung cancer and liver cancer xenografts in rats
  • Lung cancer cell line A549 (human non-small cell lung cancer cell line);
  • Hepatoma cell line Hep G2 (human liver cancer cell line);
  • mice BALB/c-nu rats (immune-deficient mice), 8 weeks, female, purchased from Shanghai Institute of Experimental Animals, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Acla A (Aclaramycin A, Shenzhen Wanle Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.);
  • the tumor cells in the logarithmic growth phase were collected under aseptic conditions, and the A549 cells were cultured at a dose of 1 ⁇ 10 7 /0.2 mL/vial (live cell rate >90%) and injected subcutaneously into the right axilla of the mouse; HepG2
  • the cell volume of Lx l0 7 /0.2 mL/mouse (live cell rate >90%) was subcutaneously injected into the left axilla of the mouse to establish a mouse xenograft model of lung cancer and liver cancer.
  • the drug was administered on the second day after inoculation.
  • the experimental group was intragastrically administered according to the experimental design.
  • the negative control group was intragastrically administrated with sterile water.
  • the positive control group was intragastrically administered with Jef. Each rat was intragastrically administered with 0.4 mL each time, and the drug was administered 3 times a day.
  • the medication time was 8 points, 14 points, 20 points, and continuous medication for 10 days.
  • Body weight and tumor diameter were measured every 5 days before the day before the drug administration, and the body weight and tumor growth dynamic maps were made. On the 29th day, the tumor was dissected and weighed. The tumor inhibition rate (%) was calculated by the inhibition rate of the control group.

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Description

治疗肿瘤的组合药物及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于医药及药物化学领域,涉及新型的抗肿瘤的组合药物, 特别是涉及双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与蒽环类化合物的组合药物及其治 疗肿瘤的用途。 背景技术
双苄基异喹啉类生物碱是非常重要的一类天然产物, 其药材来源 广泛, 分离提取与鉴定工艺成熟, 且有多个结构明确的单体作为药品 用于临床。 例如: 小檗胺, 汉防己甲素和汉防己乙素。
小檗胺 (berbamine, BBM ) 又称为 6,6,,7-三甲氧基 -2,2,-二甲基升 白胺 -12-醇( 6,6,,7-trimethoxy-2,2,-dimethylberbaman-12-ol ) , 是从中国 中草药小檗属植物中提取的一种双苄基异喹啉类生物碱。
小檗胺具有刺激髓细胞增殖作用, 能提高造血干细胞集落因子
( GCSF ) 的含量, 促进骨髓造血干细胞和粒祖细胞的增殖, 并向粒系 细胞分化, 促进白细胞的增生 (林传荣等, 升白胶(小檗胺)治疗化疗 性白细胞减少症的临床观察, 中成药, 1994, 16 (7), 29 ) 。
小檗胺通过诱导细胞凋亡和影响细胞周期的方式抑制前列腺癌 PC-3细胞的增殖, 并具有时间和浓度的依赖性。 (孙鹏等, 小檗胺 诱导前列腺癌 PC-3细胞凋亡及及机制, 中华实验外科杂志, 2007, 24 (8), 957 ) 。
小檗胺在体外对 K562细胞具有明显的增殖抑制作用及明确的诱导 凋亡作用, 并呈时间-浓度依赖关系; 在荷瘤棵鼠体内, 小檗胺同样具有 显著的抑制 K562细胞生长的作用, 尤其能下调瘤体组织细胞 bcr/abl mRNA的表达水平。 (吴东等, 小檗胺对 K562细胞体外及体内作用的 实验研究, 中华实验血液学杂志, 2005, 13 (3), 373 ) 。
小檗胺对细胞毒性 T淋巴细胞有抑制作用,对小鼠体外自然杀伤细 胞活性有明显促进作用, 在体内外可诱生出较高水平白细胞介素 II (IL-2), 可避免用大剂量 IL-2治疗肿瘤时引起的毒副反应。 实验证明, 小檗胺对辐射损伤小鼠免疫系统有良好防护作用 (刘新等, 小檗胺对 BALB/C小鼠的免疫调节作用, 中国医科大学学报, 1996, 25 (3), 229; 罗崇念等, 小檗胺对小鼠脾细胞毒性 T淋巴细胞活性的抑制作用, 中国 药理学与毒理学杂志, 1995 , 9 (2), 159-160; 葛明珠等, 盐酸小檗胺对 辐射小鼠的免疫防护作用的实险研究,免疫学杂志, 1998 , 14 (4), 238 )。
小檗胺诱导人白血病 Jurkat细胞凋亡机制也有研究与报道。 其结果 表明, 小檗胺能选择性抑制人白血病 Jurkat细胞凋亡, 是细胞周期阻滞 于 S期, 同时细胞 caspase-3蛋白表达增高。 且随着药物作用浓度从 0.5 ug/mL增加到 10 ug/mL, 细胞存活率由 93.69%P条低为 14.85%, 在此作 用浓度范围内小檗胺对正常人外周血白细胞无明显细胞毒作用。 (董志 煜等,小檗胺诱导人白血病 Jurkat细胞凋亡的实验研究,中国肿瘤, 2007, 16 ( 9 ) , 722 )
汉防己乙素 (Fangchinoline, FAN), 别名防己诺林碱,是从中药材粉防 己根中提取而来的双苄基异喹啉生物碱。 汉防己乙素是一种天然的钙 拮抗剂, 对多种疾病有显著的治疗效果, 如具有广谱消炎抗菌作用, 抗 高血压、 糖尿病、 肝纤维化, 对脑细胞具有保护作用。 近年来的研究发 现它还有明显的抗肿瘤作用。
有研究报道了汉防己乙素对人类结肠癌细胞系 LoVo的抑制作用。 实 验对荷瘤棵鼠连续给药 60天, 结果显示, 用药组与对照组相比, 肿瘤明 显缩小, 生长减慢, 微血管密度明显低于对照组。 (王振军等, 防己诺 林碱在抑制血管生成药物中的应用 .[P] CN 151 1528A. 2004-07- 14. )
Changdong Wang等人研究了汉防己乙素对人前列腺癌细胞 PC3的抑 制作用。 对细胞周期进程研究表明, 汉防己乙素对 PC3细胞的抑制作用 与 G1/S期细胞的增加有关。 此外, 汉防己乙素具有体内抗肿瘤的活性, 缩小肿瘤体积和促进凋亡, 以及对棵鼠移植瘤 PC3的抑制作用。
( Changdong Wang, et al. Fangchinoline induced Gl/S arrest by modulating expression of p27, PCNA, and cyclin D in human prostate carcinoma cancer PC3 cells and tumor xenograft. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2010,
74(3):488-493. ) … ― 体的稳定性, 从而减弱细胞的增殖能力, 促进细胞凋亡。 体外抗癌细胞 增殖实验结果表明, G-四链体 DNA与汉防己乙素结合后, 对于人白血病 细胞系 HL-60, 人胃癌细胞系 BGC-823, 人肝癌细胞系 Bel-7402以及人鼻 咽癌细胞系 KB均有比较好的抑制效果。 (唐亚林等, 双苄基异喹啉类生 物碱的新用途, [P] CN 101371839A. 2009-02-25. )
汉防己甲素(tetrandrine, TTD, TE), 又叫粉防己碱, 化学式
( 6,6,, 7, 12-四甲氧基 -2,2,二甲基小檗胺) , 是从中草药防己的根块中提 取的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱。
汉防 甲素^"宫颈癌 HeLa细胞 有增殖抑制作 ^, 研究采用 MTT 殖抑制作用。 实验证明, 汉防己甲素对宫颈癌 HeLa细胞具有增殖抑制作 用, 且呈时间、 浓度依赖性。 (朱克修等, 粉防己碱诱导宫颈癌细胞凋 亡的定性定量研究, 西安交通大学学艮 (医学版), 2010, 31 (1),102 ) 。 汉防己甲素能抑制肝癌细胞的增殖。 汉防己甲素作用于肝癌细胞 后,在 2小时内引起活性氧的产生, 随着剂量的增大, ROS产生明显增加, 提示汉防己甲素可能通过干扰细胞线粒体的功能而产生活性氧, 引起细 胞脂质过氧化、损伤 DNA分子或调节细胞凋亡相关基因而抑制肝癌细胞 的增殖。 (荆绪斌等, 汉防己甲素诱导肝癌细胞氧化损伤的实验研究, 临 床肝胆病杂志, 2002, 18 (6),366)。
另一方面, 蒽并六元环并带有侧链和氨基糖的蒽环类化合物, 如 柔红霉素, 去甲柔红霉素, 柔红霉素苯腙, 阿霉素, 表阿霉素, 脱氧 阿霉素, 三铁阿霉素, THP阿霉素, 氟乙阿霉素, 阿克拉霉素, 强力 霉素等, 显示了广泛的抗肿瘤活性, 其诱导细胞凋亡、 调节免疫和耐 药发生的机理, 和毒副作用都得到了深入的研究。
阿克拉霉素 A(ACM-A )是从加利利链霉菌 MA-144-M1(ATCC31133) 分离得到的抗肿瘤抗生素。 Oki T等的研究结果表明 ACM-A有很好的抗 肿瘤效果。将白血病细胞 L1210 和 P388接种到小鼠体内,连续 10天注 射剂量为 0.5-5mg/kg/day的 ACM-A后, 和未注射抗生素的小鼠相比, 存活率增加了 150%。 另外, 对于淋巴瘤 6C3HED、 肝癌、 食管癌、 肉 瘤 -180等, ACM-A也有非常明显的效果。 (Oki T. US 3988315,
1976-10-26)。
阿克拉霉素 A(ACM)属于蒽环醌类抗癌抗生素, 它对心脏的毒性远 低于阿霉素和柔毛霉素。 ACM-A能明显抑制体外培养的小鼠白血病 P388 和人体胃癌细胞 SGC-7901的生长。 在 0.01 ig/ml浓度时能抑制 65.4% 的克隆形成, ED5。为 0.0085 ig/ml。 ACM-A对白血病小鼠有显著治疗作 用, 延长小鼠生命时间 143 %, 并有半数小鼠获得治疗。 对 Ehrlich腹水 癌和肉瘤 -180也有较强的抑制作用。 (杨金龙等, 国产阿克拉霉素 A的 体内外抗肿瘤作用, 药学学报, 1988, 23(5): 321-326 )
阿克拉霉素 A(ACM)对多种动物肿瘤及人瘤棵鼠移植有抑制生长的 作用。 初治急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ANLL)的完全緩解率 (CR)最高可达 70%; 对经治 ANLL 用 ACM联合化疗, CR 为 23%-47%。 此药还对骨髓 异常增生综合征、 恶性淋巴瘤、 乳癌、 胃癌等有效。 (潘启超, 阿克拉 霉素 A的药理及临床, 中国新药杂志, 1993, 2(3): 25-28 )
阿克拉霉素 A对急性白血病、 淋巴肉瘤及胃、 胰腺、 肠、 卵巢、 肺 和膀胱的转移性肿瘤具有明显疗效,对肝癌亦有良好效果。 (Eropob JIB 等, 王铁良译, 阿克拉霉素 A:新的抗肿瘤抗生素, 国外医学.药学分册, 1983, 5: 297-298) 经口 和静脉给予大鼠 ACM-A后, 应用 HPLC方法测定其组织内 水平, 组织内浓度高于血药水平, 在淋巴结、 脾中浓度最高, 肺中浓度 较低, 心脏浓度最低。 在组织中曲线下的面积口服后比静脉注射后要低 2-7倍。 口服后被迅速吸收, 生物半衰期为 t1/2 =36.5h, 生物利用度为 35 %;静脉注射后半衰期 t1/2=16 - 21h。两种代谢物的浓度稳步升高, 12 - 18h 后超过了母体药物 ACM-A的浓度。 ACM-A和三种代谢物的总生物利用 度达 89 %。 (Geodakyan S V, et al. Antibiotics and Medical Biotechnology, 1987, 32(10):768-72; Firsov A A, et al. Antibiotics and Medical
Biotechnology, 1987, 32(10): 773-777)
另一方面, 联合用药已成为临床治疗艾滋病的主要方法。 这种方 法具有多种优势, 例如: (a)多靶点抑制 H I V的复制, 延緩 H I V感染 的临床进展; (b)将 H I V抗药性产生的几率降低到最低限度; (c)显著提 高爱滋病患者的生活质量与存活率。 何大一博士提出的鸡尾酒疗法就是 通过三种或三种以上的抗病毒药物联合使用来治疗艾滋病。 该疗法的应 用可以减少单一用药产生的抗药性, 最大限度地抑制病毒的复制, 使被 破坏的机体免疫功能部分甚至全部恢复, 从而延緩病程进展, 延长患者 生命, 提高生活质量。 越来越多的科学家相信, 混合药物疗法是对付艾 滋病的最有效治疗方法, 既可以阻止艾滋病病毒繁殖, 又可以防止体内 产生抗药性的病毒。
由于病人的多样性和肿瘤的复杂性, 双苄基异喹啉类生物碱和蒽环 类化合物在单独使用 (注射或口服) 的时候都显示其局限性, 例如: 选 择性差, 抑制率或治愈率低, 剂量大导致副作用大或毒性大等等。 本发 明为解决上述问题, 提供双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与蒽环类化合物的组 合, 以提高其治疗肿瘤的药效, 选择性和治愈率。 目前将双苄基异喹 啉类生物碱与蒽环类化合物的组合用于治疗肿瘤, 且能够提高药效或治 愈率的药物还未见报道。 本发明的目的是提供治疗肿瘤的"鸡尾酒 "或复 合药。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供特征为通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物 碱与通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐的抗肿瘤组合药 物。
Figure imgf000006_0001
式(I ) 中, 是氢或含 1-10个碳原子的直链或支链烷基; R2和 R3 分别为氢, 取代酰基, 直链或支链烷基, 其中烷基可以被氧、 氮、 硫等 杂原子间断; R2和 R3也可以一起为氧或硫; R4和 R5分别为氢, 取代酰 基, 直链或支链烷基, 其中烷基可以被氧、 氮、 硫的杂原子间断; 和 R5可以一起为氧或石克; Xj , χ2, χ3, Χ4可以相同或者不同, 并且各自独 立地为鹵原子、羟基或 1-10个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或烷氧基或酰氧 基, 且 η是 0-4的整数; ( (1 )和( (1,)为包括1 1, SS, ISl 'R, IRl 'S 构型的任何立体异构体。
式(II ) 中, 为氢, 甲基, 取代或无取代的 d-C6烷基; w2为氢, 糖基, 氨基取代的糖基; w3, w4为氢, 羟基, 取代或无取代的烷基, 取代羰基; w5为氢, 取代羰基或酯基; w6为氢, 羟基。 取代基选自鹵 素, 胺基, C C6取代胺基, 硝基, tt, 羟基, d-C6烷氧基, 巯基, d-c6烷硫基。 取代基可以是一个或数个同时存在 (其可以是相同或不 同的) , 各个取代氢原子。
通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱可选自:
Figure imgf000006_0002
Berbamine Fangchinoline
小檗胺 汉防己乙素
Figure imgf000007_0001
Tetrandrine Isotetrandrine
汉防己甲素 异汉防己甲素 通式 (Π) 的蒽环类化合物可选自
Figure imgf000007_0002
Aclarubicin A Aclarubicin B
[57576-44-0] [57596-79-9]
阿克拉霉素 A 阿克拉霉素 B 本发明的目的之二是提供通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物的合适的组合作为抗肿瘤药物。 通过两者之间的协 同作用, 达到更好的治疗效果。 尤其是汉防己甲素和阿克拉霉素的组 合药物。
本发明的目的之三是提供本发明的组合药物的用途, 特别是抗肿 瘤的临床用途。 相应地, 本发明提供一种治疗肿瘤患者的方法, 包括 给予需要治疗的患者治疗有效量的至少一种本发明的组合药物。 所述 肿瘤特别选自白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 淋巴瘤、 肝癌、 胃癌、 乳腺癌、 胆管细胞癌、 胰腺癌、 肺癌、 大肠癌、 骨肉瘤、 黑色素瘤、 人宫颈癌、 神经胶质瘤、 鼻咽癌、 喉癌、 食管癌、 中耳肿瘤、 前列腺癌等。 附图简要说明
图 1. A TTD对棵鼠体重影响的动态曲线
图 l.B TTD对棵鼠 A549移植瘤体积影响的动态曲线
图 1.C TTD对棵鼠 A549移植瘤大小的影响 图 1.D TTD50对棵鼠 A549移植瘤重量的影响
图 1.E TTD对棵鼠 A549移植瘤的抑制作用
图 2.A TTD对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤体积影响的动态曲线
图 2.B TTD对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤大小的影响
图 2.C TTD50对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤重量的影响
图 2.D TTD对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤的抑制作用
图 3.A Acla A对棵鼠体重影响的动态曲线
图 3.B Acla A对棵鼠 A549移植瘤体积影响的动态曲线
图 3.C Acla A对棵鼠 A549移植瘤大小的影响
图 3.D Acla A对棵鼠 A549移植瘤重量的影响
图 3.E Acla A对棵鼠 A549移植瘤的抑制作用
图 4.A TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠体重影响的动态曲线
图 4.B TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 A549移植瘤体积影响的动态曲线 图 4.C TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 A549移植瘤大小的影响
图 4.D TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 A549移植瘤重量的影响
图 4.E TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 A549移植瘤的抑制作用
图 5.A TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤体积影响的动态曲线 图 5.B TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤大小的影响
图 5.C TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤重量的影响
图 5.D TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤的抑制作用 具体实施方式
本发明提供特征为通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物的抗肿瘤组合药物。
Figure imgf000008_0001
式(I ) 中, R1是氢或含 1-10个碳原子的直链或支链烷基; R2和 R3 分别为氢, 取代酰基, 直链或支链烷基, 其中烷基可以被氧、 氮、 硫等 杂原子间断; R2和 R3也可以一起为氧或硫; R4和 R5分别为氢, 取代酰 基, 直链或支链烷基, 其中烷基可以被氧、 氮、 硫的杂原子间断; R4和 R5可以一起为氧或石克; Xj , X2, X3, X4可以相同或者不同, 并且各自独 立地为鹵原子、羟基或 1-10个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或烷氧基或酰氧 基, 且 n是 0-4的整数; C ( 1 )和 C ( ) 为包括 RR,SS,lS R,lRl,S 构型的任何立体异构体。
式(II ) 中, 为氢, 甲基, 取代或无取代的 d-C6烷基; w2为氢, 糖基, 氨基取代的糖基; w3, w4为氢, 羟基, 取代或无取代的烷基, 取代羰基; w5为氢, 取代羰基或酯基; w6为氢, 羟基。 取代基选自鹵 素, 胺基, C C6取代胺基, 硝基, tt, 羟基, d-C6烷氧基, 巯基, d-c6烷硫基。 取代基可以是一个或数个同时存在 (其可以是相同或不 同的) , 各个取代氢原子。
通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱可选自通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类 生物碱可选自:
Figure imgf000009_0001
Berbamine Fangchinoline
小檗胺 汉防己乙素
Figure imgf000009_0002
Tetrandrine Isotetrandrine
汉防己甲素 异汉防己甲素 通式 (Π) 的蒽环类化合物可选自:
Figure imgf000010_0001
Aclarubicin A Aclarubicin B
[57576-44-0] [57596-79-9]
阿克拉霉素 A 阿克拉霉素 B 通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱可以根据例如 CN1903856A、 US 6617335 Bl或 CN101371839A中所述的方法进行制备以及鉴定结构和活 性)。通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物可以根据例如 US4375511A及药学学报, 1988,23(5):321-326中所述的方法进行制备以及鉴定结构和活性。
本发明的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与通式 (II) 的蒽环类化 合物的合适的组合作为抗肿瘤药物。 通过两者之间的协同作用, 达到更 好的治疗效果。 尤其是汉防己甲素和阿克拉霉素的组合药物。
通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱可以与药学上可以接受的无机酸 或有机酸形成相应的盐存在与组合药物中。
术语"芳烃基 "是指无杂原子的芳烃基, 包括芳烃基, 芳烃基烷基和 烷基芳烃基。
术语"芳香杂环基"是指含有杂原子的芳烃基, 包括杂环芳烃基, 杂 环芳烃基烷基和烷基杂环芳烃基。 杂原子是指氮, 氧和硫。 芳香杂环基 可含有一个或同时含有数个杂原子。
术语"鹵素"是指氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
术语 "d-C6取代胺基"是指 -N- Ci-C6烷基和 -N-C3-C6环烷基。
术语 "d-C6烷氧基 "是指 -0- d-C6烷基和 -o-c3-c6环烷基。
术语 "d-C6烷硫基 "是指 -S- d-C6烷基和 -s-c3-c6环烷基。
术语"药学上可以接受盐"包括但不限于甲苯磺酸盐、 甲磺酸盐、 苹 果酸盐、 醋酸盐、 柠檬酸盐、 丙二酸盐、 酒石酸盐、 琥珀酸盐、 苯甲酸 盐、 抗坏血酸盐、 α-酮戊二酸盐和 α-甘油磷酸盐; 也包括无机盐; 这些 无机酸盐包括但不限于盐酸盐、 硫酸盐、 硝酸盐、 碳酸氢盐和碳酸盐、 磷酸盐、 氢溴酸盐、 氢碘酸盐等。
本文使用的术语"治疗"一般是指获得需要的药理和 /或生理效应。 该效应 #居完全或部分地预防疾病或其症状, 可以是预防性的; 和 / 或根据部分或完全稳定或治愈疾病和 /或由于疾病产生的副作用,可以 是治疗性的。本文使用的"治疗"涵盖了对患者疾病的任何治疗, 包括:
( a)预防易感染疾病或症状但还没诊断出患病的患者所发生的疾病或 症状; (b)抑制疾病的症状, 即阻止其发展; 或(c)緩解疾病的症状, 即, 导致疾病或症状退化。
本发明还提供了通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与通式 (II) 的蒽 环类化合物的合适的组合作为抗肿瘤药物。 通过两者之间的协同作用, 达到更好的抑制和治疗效果。 尤其是汉防己甲素和阿克拉霉素的组合 药物。
本发明为通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱与通式 (II) 的蒽环类化 合物的两种或两种以上的组合作为抗肿瘤药物, 其组成和重量百分比可 以为:
( 1 ) 汉防己甲素占活性成分的 0.1-80%, 优选 1-50%;
( 2 ) 阿克拉霉素占活性成分的 0.1-80%, 优选 1-50%.
本发明提供了这样的组合药物, 其中包含至少两种如上所述的化 合物, 和任选的药学上可以接受的赋形剂。
制备各种含有各种比例活性成分的组合药物的方法是已知的, 或 根据本发明的公开内容对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。 如
REMINGTON'S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, Martin, E.W., ed" Mack Publishing Company, 19th ed. (1995)所述。制备所述药物组合物的方法 包括掺入适当的药学赋形剂、 载体、 稀释剂等。
以已知的方法制造本发明的药物制剂, 包括常规的混合、 溶解或 冻干方法。
本发明的药物组合物, 并向患者以适于选定的施用方式的各种途径 施用, 例如口服或肠胃外 (通过静脉内、 肌内、 局部或皮下途径) 。
因此, 本发明的组合药物结合药学上可以接受的载体(如惰性稀释 剂或可食用的载体)可以全身施用, 例如, 口服。 它们可以封闭在硬或 软壳的明胶胶嚢中, 可以压为片剂。 对于口服治疗施用, 活性化合物可 以结合一种或多种赋形剂, 并以可吞咽的片剂、 颊含片剂、 含片、 胶嚢 剂、 酏剂、 悬浮剂、 糖浆、 圆片等的形式使用。 这种组合物和制剂应该 包含至少 0.1%的活性化合物。 这种组合物和制剂的比例当然可以变化, 可以占给定的单位剂型重量的大约 1%至大约 99%。 在这种治疗有用的 组合物中, 活性化合物的量使得能够获得有效剂量水平。
片剂、 含片、 丸剂、 胶嚢剂等也可以包含: 粘合剂, 如黄蓍胶、 阿 拉伯胶、 玉米淀粉或明胶; 赋形剂, 如磷酸氢二钙; 崩解剂, 如玉米淀 粉、 马铃薯淀粉、 藻酸等; 润滑剂, 如硬脂酸镁; 和甜味剂, 如蔗糖、 果糖、 乳糖或阿司帕坦; 或调味剂, 如薄荷、 冬青油或樱桃香味。 当单 位剂型是胶嚢时, 除了上面类型的材料, 它还可以包含液体载体, 如植 物油或聚乙二醇。 各种其他材料可以存在, 作为包衣, 或以其他方式改 变固体单位剂型的物理形式。 例如, 片剂、 丸剂或胶嚢剂可以用明胶、 蜡、 虫胶或糖等包衣。 糖浆或酏剂可以包含活性化合物, 蔗糖或果糖作 为甜味剂, 对羟苯甲酸甲酯或对羟苯甲酸丙酯作为防腐剂, 染料和调味 剂 (如樱桃香料或桔子香料) 。 当然, 用于制备任何单位剂型的任何材 料应该是药学上可以接受的且以应用的量为无毒。 此外, 活性化合物可 以掺入緩释制剂和緩释装置中。
活性化合物也可以通过输注或注射到静脉内或腹膜内施用。 可以制 备活性化合物或其盐的水溶液, 任选的可混和的无毒的表面活性剂。 也 可以制备在甘油、 液体聚乙二醇、 甘油三乙酸酯及其混合物以及油中的 分散剂。 在普通的储存和使用条件下, 这些制剂包含防腐剂以防止微生 物生长。
适于注射或输注的药物剂型可以包括包含适于无菌的可注射或可 输注的溶液或分散剂的即时制剂的活性成分(任选封装在脂质体中) 的 无菌水溶液或分散剂或无菌粉末。 在所有情况下, 最终的剂型在生产和 储存条件下必须是无菌的、 液体的和稳定的。 液体载体可以是溶剂或液 体分散介质, 包括, 例如水、 乙醇、 多元醇(例如, 甘油、 丙二醇、 液 体聚乙二醇等) 、 植物油、 无毒的甘油酯及其合适的混合物。 可以维持 合适的流动性, 例如, 通过脂质体的形成, 通过在分散剂的情况下维持 所需的粒子大小, 或通过表面活性剂的使用。 可以通过各种抗细菌剂和 抗真菌剂 (如对羟苯甲酸酯、 氯丁醇、 苯酚、 山梨酸、 硫柳汞等)产生 预防微生物的作用。 在许多情况下, 优选包括等渗剂, 如糖、 緩冲剂或 氯化钠。 通过使用延緩吸收剂的组合物(例如, 单硬脂酸铝和明胶)可 以产生可注射的组合物的延长吸收。
通过将合适的溶剂中的需要量的活性化合物与需要的上面列举的 各种其他成分结合, 然后进行过滤灭菌, 制备无菌可注射溶液。 在用于 制备无菌注射溶液的无菌粉末的情况下, 优选的制备方法是真空干燥和 冷冻干燥技术, 这会产生活性成分加上任何另外需要的以前无菌过滤溶 液中存在的成分的粉末。
有用的固体载体包括 4分碎的固体(如滑石、 粘土、 ^敖晶纤维素、 二 氧化硅、 氧化铝等)。 有用的液体载体包括水、 乙醇或乙二醇或水 -乙醇 /乙二醇混合物,本发明的组合药物可以任选在无毒的表面活性剂的帮助 下以有效含量溶解或分散在其中。 可以加入佐剂 (如香味)和另外的抗 微生物剂来优化对于给定用途的性质。 增稠剂 (如合成的聚合物、 脂肪酸、 脂肪酸盐和酯、 脂肪醇、 改性 纤维素或改性无机材料)也可和液体载体用于形成可涂覆的糊剂、凝胶、 软膏、 肥皂等, 直接用于使用者的皮肤上。
化合物或其活性盐或衍生物的治疗需要量, 不仅取决于选择的特定 的盐, 而且取决于施药方式、待治疗的疾病的本质和患者的年龄和状态, 最终取决于在场医师或临床医生的决定。
上述制剂可以以单位剂型存在, 该单位剂型是含有单位剂量的物 理分散单元, 适于向人体和其它哺乳动物体给药。 单位剂型可以是胶 嚢或片剂, 或是很多胶嚢或片剂。 根据所涉及的具体治疗, 活性成分 的单位剂量的量可以在大约 0.1到大约 1000亳克或更多之间进行变化 或调整。
若将本发明的药物组合物制成制剂, 以肠道或非肠道形式给药, 每制剂基本计量单位的活性成分含量可以为:
(a )双苄基异喹啉类生物碱: 0.1 - 150 mg;
(b) 蒽环类化合物: 0.1 - 150 mg.
例如: (a )汉防己甲素: 0.1 - 150 mg;
(b) 阿克拉霉素: 0.1 圍 150 mg.
在本发明的药物组合物的制剂中, 各主要成分的含量可以但不局 限为:
双苄基异喹啉类生物碱: 1-50%;
蒽环类化合物: 1-50%;
淀粉: 1-60%;
糊精: 0-20%;
微晶纤维素: 0-25%;
羧甲基淀粉钠: 0-5%;
聚乙二醇: 0-5%;
羟丙基甲基纤维素: 0-5%;
硬脂酸镁: 0-5%。
本发明还提供本发明的药物组合物的用途、 特别是抗肿瘤的用 途。 相应地, 本发明提供一种治疗肿瘤患者的方法, 包括给予需要治 疗的患者治疗有效量的至少一种本发明的复合药物。 本发明的双苄基 异喹啉类生物碱与蒽环类化合物的组合药物, 例如可用于治疗白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 淋巴瘤、 肝癌、 胃癌、 乳腺癌、 胆管细胞癌、 胰腺癌、 肺癌、 大肠癌、 骨肉瘤、 黑色素瘤、 人宫颈癌、 神经胶质瘤、 鼻咽癌、 喉癌、 食管癌、 中耳肿瘤、 前列腺癌等肿瘤。
在下列实施例中, 将更加具体地解释本发明。 但应理解, 下列实 施例旨在说明本发明而不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。
以下实施例中所用的原料药均为商购获得。
第一部分: 汉防己甲素(TTD)与阿克拉霉素 A (AclaA)联用对体外 肿瘤细胞的抑制作用 实施例 1: TTD与 Acla A联合用药对白血病细胞的抑制作用
( 1 ) 实验材料:
( 2 ) 白血病细胞株: K562/adr (耐药慢性髓系白血病, CML)、 Kasumi-1 (急性髓系白血病 M2型, AML-M2)、 Jurkat (急性淋巴细胞白血病, ALL), 以上细胞系均受赠于浙江大学肿瘤研究所。
(3 ) 试剂:
TTD (汉防己甲素, 江西金芙蓉药业有限公司) ;
Acla A (阿克拉霉素 A, 深圳万乐药业有限公司)
(4) 主要仪器:
细胞培养箱 ( Thermo Scientific, 3111 )
生物安全拒(Heal Force, Hfsafe-1200A2 )
酶标仪 (Bio-rad, Imark )
(5) 实验方法
a) 测单个化合物对白血病细胞的 72小时 IC5。。取生长良好的上述细 胞, 以 5000每孔接种至 96孔板内, 分别加入不同浓度的单个化 合物, 混匀后, 置于 37 °C, 5% C02培养 72小时, 然后用 MTT 法测定细胞活力。 在本实验中对照组(不加化合物处理) 细胞活 力设为 100%, 并计算出 TTD和 Acla A的 72小时白血病细胞半 数生长抑制浓度 ( 72小时 IC5Q值, g/mL ) 。
b) 测 TTD与 Acla A联用对体外白血病细胞的抑制作用。 细胞前处 理同第一步, 加药时对照组不加化合物处理, 两个单药组分别加 入步骤一实验所得两个化合物的 IC5。对应的浓度, 联合组为两药 一起加入同一组孔, 终浓度分别为单药的 IC5。对应的浓度。 培养 72小时后用 MTT法测定细胞活力。 在本实验中对照组细胞活力 设为 100%, 并计算出 TTD、 Acla A单药及联合作用的细胞活力
(%) 。
(6) 实验结果
实验结果见表 1.
从表 1中可以看出, 在所测试的白血病细胞系中, 丁丁0与八(^入 降。 并且在 k562/ADR中, TTD与 AclaA的 IC5。剂量联 ^^作用后, 细胞活力比单药作用时降低近 30%。
表 1 : TTD与 Acla A联合用药对白血病细胞的抑制浓度测定
Figure imgf000015_0001
实施例 2: TTD与 Acla A联合用药对人淋巴瘤及多发性骨髓瘤细胞的 抑制作用
( 1 ) 实验材料:
骨髓瘤细胞株: RPMI 8226(多发性骨髓瘤),购自上海复祥生物科技 有限公司; Raji (人 Burkitt淋巴瘤细胞), 购自中国典型培养物保藏中心。
( 2 )试剂:
同实施例 1.
( 3 )主要仪器:
同实施例 1.
( 4 ) 实验方法
a) 测单个化合物对上述细胞的 72小时 IC5。。取生长良好的上述细胞, 以 5000每孔接种至 96孔板内,分别加入不同浓度的单个化合物, 混匀后, 置于 37 °C, 5% C02培养 72小时, 然后用 MTT法测定 细胞活力。 在本实验中对照组(不加化合物处理) 细胞活力设为 100% ,并计算出 TTD和 Acla A的 72小时上述细胞半数生长抑制 浓度 ( 72小时 IC5o值, ^glmL ) 。
b) 测 TTD与 Acla A联用对上述细胞的抑制作用。 细胞前处理同第 一步, 加药时对照组不加化合物处理, 两个单药组分别加入步骤 一实验所得两个化合物的 IC5。对应的浓度, 联合组为两药一起加 入同一组孔, 终浓度分别为单药的 IC5。对应的浓度。 培养 72小时 后用 MTT法测定细胞活力。 在本实验中对照组细胞活力设为
100%, 并计算出 TTD、 Acla A单药及联合作用的细胞活力 (% )
( 5 ) 实验结果
实验结果见表 2.
从表 1中可以看出, 在所测试的淋巴瘤及骨髓瘤细胞系中, TTD 与 Acla A的 IC5。剂量联合比 TTD或 Acla A单独作用时细胞活力 均有明显下降。并且在 Raji和 RPMI 8226中, TTD与 Acla A的 IC50 剂量联合作用后, 细胞活力比单药作用时 P条低近 20%。
Figure imgf000016_0001
实施例 3: TTD与 Acla A联合用药对人实体瘤细胞的抑制作用
( 1 ) 实验材料:
人实体瘤细胞株: Hep-2(喉癌)、 A549(人肺癌)、 CaES-17(食道癌细 胞)、 PC-3(前列腺癌)、 CNE (鼻咽癌细胞)、 SPC-A-1(人肺腺癌细胞)、 SK-OV-3(卵巢癌细胞), 均购自中国典型培养物保藏中心; RKO(人结肠 腺癌细胞)、 MGC 803(人胃癌细胞)、 MG63(骨肉瘤)、 U87 MG (恶性脑胶 质瘤细胞), 均购自上海复祥生物科技有限公司; PANC-1(胰腺癌)、 Huh7(人肝癌细胞)、 Hep G2(人肝癌细胞)、 Becap37(人乳腺癌细胞)、 Hela (人宫颈癌细胞), 均受赠于浙江大学肿瘤研究所。
( 2 )试剂:
同实施例 1.
( 3 )主要仪器:
同实施例 1.
( 4 ) 实验方法
c) 测单个化合物对实体瘤细胞的 72小时 IC5。。取生长良好的上述细 胞, 以 5000每孔接种至 96孔板内, 分别加入不同浓度的单个化 合物, 混匀后, 置于 37 °C, 5% C02培养 72小时, 然后用 MTT 法测定细胞活力。 在本实验中对照组(不加化合物处理) 细胞活 力设为 100%, 并计算出 TTD和 Acla A的 72小时实体瘤细胞半 数生长抑制浓度 ( 72小时 IC5Q值, g/mL ) 。
d) 测 TTD与 Acla A联用对体外实体瘤细胞的抑制作用。 细胞前处 理同第一步, 加药时对照组不加化合物处理, 两个单药组分别加 入步骤一实验所得两个化合物的 IC5G对应的浓度, 联合组为两药 一起加入同一组孔, 终浓度分别为单药的 IC5。对应的浓度。 培养 72小时后用 MTT法测定细胞活力。 在本实验中对照组细胞活力 设为 100%, 并计算出 TTD、 Acla A单药及联合作用的细胞活力 ( % )
( 5 ) 实验结果
实验结果见表 3. 从表 1中可以看出, 在所测试的 16个实体瘤细胞系中, TTD与 Acla A的 IC5。剂量联合比 TTD或 Acla A单独作用时细胞活力均有 所下降。 并且在 PC-3中, TTD与 Acla A的 IC5。剂量联合作用后, 细胞活力比单药作用时降低 40%。而在 Becap-37与 Huh-7中, TTD 与 Acla A的 IC5。剂量联合作用后, 细胞活力比单药作用时降低近 30%。
Figure imgf000017_0001
第二部分: TTD与 Acla A联用对体内肿瘤的抑制活性
实施例 4: TTD对棵鼠肺癌及肝癌移植瘤的影响
1. 实验材料:
肺癌细胞株: A549 (人非小细胞肺癌细胞株) ;
肝癌细胞株: Hep G2 (人肝癌细胞株) ;
动物: BALB/c-nu棵鼠(免疫缺陷鼠) , 8周, 雌性, 购自中国科 学院上海实验动物中心
2. 试剂:
Jef ( Jefitinib吉非替尼, LC laboratories公司)
TTD (汉防己甲素, 江西金芙蓉药业有限公司) ; 主要仪器:
细胞培养箱 (Thermo Scientific, 3111 )
层流架(苏杭实验动物设备厂, DJ-2 )
实验方法
无菌条件下分别收集对数生长期上述肿瘤细胞, A549以
l x l07/0.2 mL/只棵鼠的细胞量(活细胞率 >90% ), 经皮下注射于棵鼠 右腋下; Hep G2以 l x l07/0.2 mL/只棵鼠的细胞量(活细胞率 >90% ), 经皮下注射于棵鼠左腋下, 分别建立肺癌与肝癌的棵鼠移植瘤模型。 接种后第二天开始用药, 实验组按实验设计量灌胃, 阴性对照组用无 菌水灌胃, 阳性对照组以 jef灌胃, 每只鼠每次灌胃 0.4 mL, 每天用 药 3次, 用药时间为 8点, 14点, 20点, 连续用药 10天。 以用药前 一天为第 0天, 每隔约 5天测体重及瘤径, 做出体重及肿瘤生长动态 图。 第 24天解剖取出瘤体称重, 以对照组抑瘤率为 0, 计算出药物作 用后的肿瘤抑制率 (%) 。
测定值用平均数±标准差 (Mean±SD )表示, 各组实验数据采用 SPSS 18.0统计软件中的 One-way ANOVA法分析, p < 0.05作为具 有统计学差异显著性。 表 4.1 TTD对棵鼠体重的影响 ( Mean±SD )
Figure imgf000018_0001
表 4.2 TTD对棵鼠 A549移植瘤的影响 ( Mean±SD )
Figure imgf000018_0002
表 5.1 TTD对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤的影响 ( Mean±SD )
剂量 动物数
组别 (mg/kg/ (只) 瘤块质量(g ) 抑瘤率(%)
次) 始 末
Control -- 3 3 0.39±0.07 ―
Figure imgf000019_0001
实施例 4分析与讨论:本实验检测了 TTD对肺癌与肝癌棵鼠移植瘤的影 响。 其中, TTD在本实验所用剂量下对肺癌抑瘤率达到 38%, 有一定抑 制效果 (见图 1.B至图 l.E)。 而 TTD对肝癌在本实验中未见抑制效果 (见 图 2.A至图 2.D)。 从动物体重动态变化推断, TTD在本实验用药期间会 引起棵鼠体重部分降低, 但是停止用药后, 会逐渐恢复(见图 1.A ) 。 实施例 5: Acla A对棵鼠肺癌移植瘤的作用
1. 实验材料:
肺癌细胞株: A549 (人非小细胞肺癌细胞株) ;
动物: BALB/c-nu棵鼠(免疫缺陷鼠) , 8周, 雌性, 购自中国科 学院上海实验动物中心
2. 试剂:
Jef ( Jefitinib吉非替尼, LC laboratories公司)
Acla A (阿克拉霉素 A, 深圳万乐药业有限公司)
3. 主要仪器:
细胞培养箱 (Thermo Scientific, 3111 )
层流架(苏杭实验动物设备厂, DJ-2 )
4. 实验方法
无菌条件下分别收集对数生长期上述肿瘤细胞, A549以 6χ 106/0.2 mL/只棵鼠的细胞量(活细胞率 >90% ) , 经皮下注射于棵鼠右腋下, 建立肺癌的棵鼠移植瘤模型。 接种后第二天开始用药, 实验组按实验 设计量灌胃, 阴性对照组用无菌水灌胃, 阳性对照组以 Jef灌胃, 每 只鼠每次灌胃 0.4 mL, 每天用药 2次, 用药时间为 8点, 14点, 连 续用药 14天。 以用药前一天为第 0天, 每隔约 5天测体重及瘤径, 做出体重及肿瘤生长动态图。 第 20天解剖取出瘤体称重, 以对照组 抑瘤率为 0, 计算出药物作用后的肿瘤抑制率 (%) 。
测定值用平均数士标准差 (Mean士 SD )表示, 各组实验数据采用 SPSS 18.0统计软件中的 One-way ANOVA法分析, p < 0.05作为具 有统计学差异显著性。 表 6.1 Acla A对棵鼠 A549移植瘤的影响 ( Mean士 SD )
动物数
体重(g ) 瘤块质量 抑瘤 组别 (只)
( g ) 率( % ) 次) 始 末 始 末 Control ― 3 3 21.2士0.40 18.5士1.13 0.33士0.21 --
Jef50 50 3 3 21.1±0.46 17.3±2.54 0.38±0.37 -14.34
Acla A 1 3 3 21.0±0.23 18.5士1.10 0.50±0.19 -51.52 实施例 5分析与讨论: 本实验检测了 Acla A对肺癌棵鼠移植瘤的影响。 其中, Acla A在本实验所用剂量下未见抑制效果(见图 3.B至图 3.E ) 。 从动物体重动态变化推断, Acla A在本实验用药期间会引起棵鼠体重部 分降低, 但是停止用药后, 会逐渐恢复 (见图 3.A)。 实施例 6: TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠肺癌与肝癌移植瘤的作用
1. 实验材料:
肺癌细胞株: A549 (人非小细胞肺癌细胞株) ;
肝癌细胞株: Hep G2 (人肝癌细胞株) ;
动物: BALB/c-nu棵鼠(免疫缺陷鼠) , 8周, 雌性, 购自中国科 学院上海实验动物中心
2. 试剂:
TTD (汉防己甲素, 江西金芙蓉药业有限公司) ;
Jef (吉非替尼, LC laboratories公司) ;
Acla A (阿克拉霉素 A, 深圳万乐药业有限公司) ;
TA (汉防己甲素和阿克拉霉素 A的组合)
3. 主要仪器:
细胞培养箱 (Thermo Scientific, 3111 )
层流架(苏杭实验动物设备厂, DJ-2 )
4. 实验方法
无菌条件下分别收集对数生长期上述肿瘤细胞, A549以 1χ 107/0.2 mL/只棵鼠的细胞量(活细胞率 >90% ) , 经皮下注射于棵鼠右腋下; HepG2以 lx l07/0.2 mL/只棵鼠的细胞量(活细胞率 >90% ) , 经皮下 注射于棵鼠左腋下, 分别建立肺癌与肝癌的棵鼠移植瘤模型。 接种后 第二天开始用药, 实验组按实验设计量灌胃, 阴性对照组用无菌水灌 胃, 阳性对照组以 Jef灌胃, 每只鼠每次灌胃 0.4 mL,每天用药 3次, 用药时间为 8点, 14点, 20点, 连续用药 10天。 以用药前一天为第 0天, 每隔约 5天测体重及瘤径, 做出体重及肿瘤生长动态图。 第 29 天解剖取出瘤体称重, 以对照组抑瘤率为 0, 计算出药物作用后的肿 瘤抑制率 (%) 。
测定值用平均数士标准差 (Mean士 SD )表示, 各组实验数据采用 SPSS 18.0统计软件中的 One-way ANOVA法分析, p < 0.05作为具 有统计学差异显著性。 表 7.1 TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 A549移植瘤的影响 ( Mean士 SD )
Figure imgf000021_0001
表 8.1 TTD与 Acla A联用对棵鼠 Hep G2移植瘤的影响 ( Mean士 SD )
Figure imgf000021_0002
注: 与对照组比较, *为 PO.05 实施例 6分析与讨论: 本实验检测了 TTD与 Acla A对肺癌与肝癌棵鼠 移植瘤的影响。 其中, 如图 4.B至图 4.E及图 5.A至图 5.D所示, TTD 与 Acla A1.0mg/kg./每次的剂量联用时, 对肺癌的抑制率达到 89%, 而 对肝癌的抑制率达到 53%。 而 TTD与 Acla A0.5mg/kg./每次的剂量联用 时, 对肺癌的抑制率达到 24%, 而对肝癌的抑制率达到 50%。 两药联用 对肝癌的抑制率与对照组相比均有显著性差异。 从动物体重动态变化推 断, 两药联用在本实验中未引起棵鼠体重明显降低, 而阳性对照 Jef组 的动物体重降低明显(见图 4.A ) 。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种抗肿瘤组合药物, 其含有作为活性成分的通式 (I) 的双苄基 异喹啉类生物碱或其药学上可接受的盐和通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物或其 药学上可接受的盐
Figure imgf000022_0001
I II
式(I ) 中, 是氢或含 1-10个碳原子的直链或支链烷基; R2和 R3 分别为氢, 取代酰基, 直链或支链烷基, 其中烷基可以被氧、 氮、 硫等 杂原子间断; R2和 R3也可以一起为氧或硫; 和 R5分别为氢, 取代酰 基, 直链或支链烷基, 其中烷基可以被氧、 氮、 硫的杂原子间断; 和 R5可以一起为氧或石克; Xj , Χ2, Χ3, Χ4可以相同或者不同, 并且各自独 立地为鹵原子、羟基或 1-10个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或烷氧基或酰氧 基, 且 η是 0-4的整数; ( (1 )和( (1,)为包括1 1, SS, ISl 'R, IRl 'S 构型的任何立体异构体;
式(II ) 中, 为氢, 甲基, 取代或无取代的 d-C6烷基; w2为氢, 糖基, 氨基取代的糖基; w3, w4为氢, 羟基, 取代或无取代的烷基, 取代羰基; w5为氢, 取代羰基或酯基; w6为氢, 羟基。 取代基选自鹵 素, 胺基, d-C6取代胺基, 硝基, tt, 羟基, d-C6烷氧基, 巯基, d-c6烷硫基。 取代基可以是一个或数个同时存在 (其可以是相同或不 同的) , 各个取代氢原子。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的抗肿瘤组合药物, 其中所述通式 (I) 的双苄 基异喹啉类生物碱为汉防己甲素或其药学上可接受的盐。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的抗肿瘤组合药物, 其中所述通式 (II) 的蒽环 类化合物为阿克拉霉素 A。
4. 如权利要求 1-3任一项的抗肿瘤组合药物, 其特征在于, 该组合 物中所述的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱占组合物活性成分总重量 的 0.1-99.9%; 通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物占组合物活性成分总重量的 0.1-99.9%。
5. 如权利要求 1-3任一项的抗肿瘤组合药物, 其特征在于, 该组合 物中所述的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱占组合物活性成分总重量 的 1-99%;通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物占组合物活性成分总重量的 1-99%。
6. 如权利要求 1-3任一项的抗肿瘤组合药物, 其特征在于, 该组合 物中所述的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱占组合物活性成分总重量 的 10-90%; 通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物占组合物活性成分总重量的
10-90%。
7. 如权利要求 1-3任一项的抗肿瘤组合药物, 其特征在于, 该组合 物中所述的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱占组合物活性成分总重量 的 20-80%; 通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物占组合物活性成分总重量的
20-80%。
8. 权利要求 1-7中任一项所定义的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱 或其药学上可接受的盐和通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物或其药学上可接受的 盐作为活性成分在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
9. 一种治疗肿瘤患者的方法, 包括给予需要治疗的患者治疗有效 量的如权利要求 1-7任一项所定义的通式 (I) 的双苄基异喹啉类生物碱 或其药学上可接受的盐和通式 (II) 的蒽环类化合物或其药学上可接受的
J盐UL o
10. 作为抗肿瘤治疗剂的权利要求 1-7任一项所述的组合药物。 11. 根据权利要求 8, 9或 10的用途、 方法或复合药物, 其中, 所述肿瘤选自白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 淋巴瘤、 肝癌、 胃癌、 乳腺癌、 胆管细胞癌、 胰腺癌、 肺癌、 大肠癌、 骨肉瘤、 人宫颈癌、 神经胶质 瘤、 鼻咽癌、 喉癌、 食管癌、 中耳肿瘤、 黑色素瘤、 卵巢癌、 肾癌、 子宫癌、 骨肉瘤和前列腺癌。
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