WO2014067259A1 - 测量电流的方法与装置 - Google Patents

测量电流的方法与装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014067259A1
WO2014067259A1 PCT/CN2013/073877 CN2013073877W WO2014067259A1 WO 2014067259 A1 WO2014067259 A1 WO 2014067259A1 CN 2013073877 W CN2013073877 W CN 2013073877W WO 2014067259 A1 WO2014067259 A1 WO 2014067259A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
sampling point
voltage
temperature
value
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨靖
魏庆环
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP20130798536 priority Critical patent/EP2752673A4/en
Priority to US14/099,036 priority patent/US9482696B2/en
Publication of WO2014067259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014067259A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
    • G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/0092—Measuring current only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for measuring current. Background technique
  • Communication power is often referred to as the heart of a communication system. If it does not work properly, it will cause the communication system to malfunction, or even cause the entire system to crash. Most of the current detection of communication power supply currents uses shunts.
  • the shunt When the shunt is used to detect the current, the shunt is equivalent to a small temperature drift coefficient. Therefore, according to Ohm's law, the voltage is proportional to the current, and the voltage across the shunt is obtained. The current value through the shunt is calculated proportionally.
  • Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and apparatus for measuring current to reduce power consumption during current sampling detection and improve stability of current detection.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring a current, comprising: measuring a temperature between a first sample point and a second sample point in a copper row carrying a current to be measured, according to the measured temperature Outputting the first signal; After performing sampling and filtering on the first signal, outputting a second signal;
  • the calculating the resistance value between the first sample point and the second sample point according to the temperature value specifically includes:
  • the resistance value corresponding to the temperature value is calculated using a resistance temperature comparison table or a resistance temperature formula.
  • the copper row between the first sample point and the second sample point has a plurality of holes and / or a plurality of voids to reduce the area of the copper row to increase the resistance value of the copper row.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for measuring current, the device comprising: a copper bar for carrying a current to be measured;
  • a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point on the copper row, and output a first signal according to the measured temperature
  • a temperature sampling detector configured to receive the first signal output by the temperature sensor, perform sampling and filtering processing on the first signal, and output a second signal;
  • a voltage sampling detector for detecting the first point at the first sample point on the copper row And a voltage signal and a second voltage signal at the second sample point, performing a sampling and filtering process on the signal difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, and outputting a third voltage signal;
  • an analog to digital converter configured to receive the second signal output by the temperature sampling detector, convert the second signal into a first digital signal, output the first digital signal, and receive the voltage
  • the third voltage signal output by the sample detector converts the third voltage signal into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal;
  • a controller configured to receive the first digital signal and the second digital signal output by the analog to digital converter, and restore the second signal to represent the first sample according to the first digital signal a temperature value of a temperature between the point and the second sample point, and calculating a resistance value between the first sample point and the second sample point according to the temperature value; according to the second digital signal Reducing the third voltage signal to a voltage value that characterizes a voltage between the first sample point and the second sample point, and calculating, by the voltage value and the resistance value, the first sample point The current value between the second sample point.
  • the controller is specifically configured to: calculate, by using a resistance temperature comparison table or a resistance temperature formula, the first sample point and the second sample corresponding to the temperature value The resistance value between the points.
  • the analog-to-digital converter is integrated in the controller; or, the analog-to-digital converter Integrated outside the controller.
  • the copper row has a plurality of holes and/or a plurality of gaps to reduce the The area of the copper bars thus increases the resistance of the copper bars.
  • the temperature of the copper sputum sample is measured by a temperature sensor, and the controller converts the signal output by the temperature sensor into a temperature value of the copper sputum sample and The resistance value is used to indirectly measure the current value passing through the sample point by using the resistance value and the voltage value of the sample point.
  • a plurality of holes or pores are arranged in the copper row to indirectly increase the electricity of the copper row. Resisting, reducing current consumption, to reduce the copper bus temperature, and improve the stability of the measurement system.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a measured current according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a device diagram of measuring current according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an external integrated analog-to-digital converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an external integrated first analog-to-digital converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of an external integrated second analog-to-digital converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5-A is a schematic diagram of a copper drain hole and/or a void provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5-B is another schematic copper provided according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5-C is a schematic view of the arrangement of the copper row holes and/or the voids provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the method for measuring the current according to the embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the measured current provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the temperature and voltage between the first sample point and the second sample point are measured, and the measured temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point is detected by the sample, and the mode is detected.
  • the resistance value between the first sample point and the second sample point is converted, and the measured voltage between the first sample point and the second sample point is detected by the sample and after the analog to digital conversion. Converting the voltage value between the first sample point and the second sample point, and calculating the first sample point through the copper row by using the resistance value and the voltage value between the first sample point and the second sample point The current value between the second sample point.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram.
  • a device diagram for measuring current provided by an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram.
  • a device diagram for measuring current provided by an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram.
  • the apparatus includes a copper row 210, a temperature sensor 220, a temperature sample detector 230, a voltage sample detector 240, an analog to digital converter 250, and a controller 260.
  • the temperature sensor 220 is placed between the two sample points, and is also fixed by screws (or snaps), the temperature sensor 220 is connected to the temperature sample detector 230, the temperature sample detector 230 and
  • the voltage sampling detector 240 is connected to the controller 260, wherein the analog to digital converter 250 can be integrated inside the controller 260; or the analog to digital converter is integrated outside the controller 260, that is, the analog to digital converter 250 is separately deployed.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 250 is integrated in the controller 260 as an example for description.
  • the copper row 210 in the device is used to carry the current to be measured.
  • the temperature sensor 220 is configured to measure a temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point on the copper row, and output a first signal according to the measured temperature.
  • the temperature sensor 220 is placed between the two sample points and fixed by screws (or snaps), and the temperature sensor 220 measures the temperature at any point between the two sample points to provide a direct current or an alternating current to the copper bars.
  • the temperature sensor 220 starts to work and measures the temperature at any point between the first sample point and the second sample point.
  • temperature sensors 220 there are many types of temperature sensors 220. In practical applications, other types of temperature sensors can be used, such as integrated temperature sensors, internal integrated analog-to-digital conversion, and external digital bus communication; current type temperature sensors, sensors The output signal is a current signal, which is converted into a voltage signal by sampling and detecting; the voltage type temperature sensor, the sensor output signal is a voltage signal, and no matter what type of temperature sensor is passing DC current or AC current, normal work.
  • a thermistor type temperature sensor is exemplified, and the temperature sensor outputs a voltage signal.
  • the temperature sensor is a thermistor type temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor outputs a voltage signal, and the voltage signal represents a temperature value at any point between the sample points.
  • the temperature sensor 220 is powered by an external power source or an internal power source.
  • a temperature sampling detector 230 configured to receive the first signal output by the temperature sensor, perform sampling and filtering processing on the first signal, and output a second signal;
  • the temperature sampling detector 230 performs processing such as sampling, filtering, scaling, and the like on the first signal, and outputs the processed second signal.
  • a voltage sampling detector 240 configured to detect a first voltage signal at the first sample point on the copper row and a second voltage signal at the second sample point, the first The signal difference between the voltage signal and the second voltage signal is sampled and filtered to output a third voltage signal.
  • the voltage sampling detection circuit 240 is connected to the first sampling point and the second sampling point of the copper row to realize detecting the first voltage signal at the first sampling point and the second sampling point.
  • the voltage signal is obtained, and the signal difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is obtained, and the signal difference of the sample point is sampled, filtered, scaled, and the processed third voltage signal is output.
  • the first signal output by the temperature sensor 220 is different.
  • the first signal and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are different.
  • the measured content is different, the first signal characterizes the temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point, and the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal characterize the first sample when passing current The voltage generated by the point and the second sample point respectively.
  • An analog to digital converter 250 configured to receive the second signal output by the temperature sampling detector, convert the second signal into a first digital signal, output the first digital signal; and receive the voltage
  • the third voltage signal output by the sample detector converts the third voltage signal into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal.
  • the controller 260 is configured to receive the first digital signal and the second digital signal output by the analog to digital converter, and restore the second signal to represent the first one according to the first digital signal a temperature value of a temperature between the sample point and the second sample point, calculating a resistance value between the first sample point and the second sample point according to the temperature value; and according to the second The digital signal reduces the third voltage signal to a voltage that characterizes a voltage between the first sample point and the second sample point And a voltage value, and calculating a current value between the first sample point and the second sample point according to the voltage value and the resistance value.
  • the controller 260 receives the first digital signal processed by the analog to digital converter 250, and restores the first digital signal to a temperature that characterizes the temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point. Value, then, the controller 260 calls its own stored resistance temperature comparison table or resistance temperature formula, and calculates the resistance value between the first sample point and the second temperature value according to the temperature value.
  • the controller 260 also receives the second digital signal processed by the analog to digital converter 250 and reduces the second digital signal to a voltage value representative of the voltage between the first sample point and the second sample point.
  • the controller 260 calculates the current value between the first sample point and the second sample point using the voltage value and the resistance value.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 250 is integrated outside the controller 260, that is, when the analog-to-digital converter 250 is separately deployed, the device may further include: a converter 310 and a second analog to digital converter 320, the first analog to digital converter 310 is coupled to the temperature sampling detector 230, for receiving the second signal, converting the second signal into a first number Signaling the first digital signal to the controller 260.
  • the second analog-to-digital converter 320 is connected to the voltage sampling detector 240, configured to receive the third voltage signal, convert the third voltage signal into a second digital signal, and transmit the second digital signal To the controller 260.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 250 is integrated in the controller 260, the first analog-to-digital converter 310 or the second analog-to-digital converter 320 may be selectively added to the device at the same time.
  • the operating speed of the controller is increased, and the accuracy of the analog-to-digital conversion is also improved.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 250 is integrated inside the controller 260, and the first analog-to-digital converter 310 can also be selectively added.
  • An analog to digital converter 310 is coupled to the temperature sampling detector 230.
  • the first analog to digital converter 310 receives the second signal, converts the second signal into a first digital signal, and directly transmits the signal to the controller 260.
  • the 260 is also coupled to the voltage sample detector 240, and the voltage sample detector 240 directs the third voltage signal
  • the controller 260 converts the third voltage signal into a second digital signal by using the built-in integrated analog-to-digital converter 250, and converts the second digital signal into a voltage value between the sample points.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 250 is integrated inside the controller 260, and the second analog-to-digital converter 320 can also be selectively added.
  • the second analog-to-digital converter 320 is connected to the voltage sampling detector 240.
  • the second analog-to-digital converter 320 receives the third voltage signal, converts the third voltage signal into a second digital signal, and directly transmits the signal to the controller 260.
  • the controller 260 is further connected to the temperature sample detector 230.
  • the temperature sampling detector 230 directly transmits the second signal to the controller 260, and the controller 260 converts the second signal into a first digital signal by using the built-in integrated analog-to-digital converter 250, and converts the first digital signal into a sample.
  • the temperature value between the points is further calculated as the resistance value between the sample points.
  • the temperature sensor 220 is a non-integrated temperature sensor, and an integrated temperature sensor may be used in practical applications, as shown in FIG. 4-C.
  • -C is another representation of the current measuring device.
  • the temperature sample detector 230 is replaced with a digital communication bus.
  • the integrated temperature sensor converts the measured temperature into a digital signal, communicates with the on-chip peripheral bus corresponding to the controller 260 through a digital bus interface such as I 2C, onewi re, SPI, etc., and the controller 260 reads the integrated temperature sensor through the on-chip peripheral bus.
  • a digital signal that converts the digital signal into a temperature value between the first sample point and the second sample point.
  • the device further includes a power source, which is not explicitly shown in the figure.
  • the power source applies DC current or AC current to the copper bus 210.
  • the DC current is applied to the power supply as an example.
  • the power supply can also be loaded with an alternating current.
  • the functions of the devices in the device for measuring the current are the same, and will not be described here, only when In order to reduce the electrical interference of the AC voltage to other devices when the AC current is being loaded, the voltage sample detector 240 and/or the second analog to digital converter 320 should be isolated to reduce the electrical interference of the above two devices with other devices.
  • a plurality of holes and/or gaps may be disposed on the copper row 21 to increase the copper row 21
  • the resistance value of 0 reduces the current through the copper row 21 0, indirectly reduces the power consumption, and reduces the cross-sectional area of the copper row 21 0 and reduces the copper on the basis of retaining the heat dissipation area of the copper row 21 0 between the sample points.
  • Row 21 heat as shown in Figure 5-A, Figure 5-B, Figure 5-C, but not limited to Figure 5-A, Figure 5-B, Figure 5-C three ways to reduce the copper cross-sectional area .
  • the temperature of the copper sputum sample is measured by a temperature sensor, and the controller converts the signal output by the temperature sensor into a temperature value and a resistance value of the copper sputum sample.
  • the inductive value and the voltage value of the sample point are used to indirectly measure the current value passing through the sample point, and at the same time, a plurality of holes or gaps are arranged in the copper row to indirectly increase the resistance of the copper bar and reduce the current consumption to achieve a reduction.
  • the copper discharge temperature also increases the stability of the measurement system.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for measuring current according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method shown in FIG. 6 is based on the apparatus for measuring current based on the apparatus for measuring current, and the method for measuring current includes the following steps:
  • Step 61 Measure the temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point in the copper row carrying the current to be measured, and output the first signal according to the measured temperature.
  • two sample points, a first sample point and a second sample point are selected in the copper row, and the two sample points are fixed by screws (or buckles) to provide direct current or alternating current, and then measured.
  • the first signal is output according to the measured temperature.
  • the copper platoon uploads the measured current.
  • Step 620 After performing sampling and filtering processing on the first signal, outputting a second signal. Specifically, according to the description of step 610, after the first signal is sampled, filtered, and scaled, the processed second signal is output.
  • Step 630 Detect a first voltage signal at the first sample point and the second sample point And a second voltage signal, the signal difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is sampled and filtered, and the third voltage signal is output.
  • a direct current or an alternating current is supplied to the copper row, a voltage appears at the first and second sample points in the copper row, and the first voltage signal at the first sample point is detected.
  • the second voltage signal at the second sample point acquires a signal difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, performs sampling, filtering, and scaling processing on the signal difference, and outputs the processed third voltage signal.
  • Step 640 Convert the second signal into a first digital signal, and restore the second signal according to the first digital signal to represent a temperature between the first sample point and the second sample point a temperature value, and calculating a resistance value between the first sample point and the second sample point according to the temperature value.
  • the second signal is converted into a first digital signal
  • the first digital signal is converted into a temperature value between the first sample point and the second sample point
  • the resistance temperature is compared.
  • the table or resistance temperature formula calculates the resistance value between the first sample point and the second sample point at the temperature value.
  • Step 650 Convert the third voltage signal into a second digital signal, and restore the third voltage signal to represent the first sample point and the second sample point according to the second digital signal The voltage value of the voltage.
  • the third voltage signal is converted into a second digital signal
  • the second digital signal is converted into a voltage value that characterizes the voltage between the first sample point and the second sample point.
  • Step 660 Calculate a current value between the first sample point and the second sample point according to the voltage value and the resistance value.
  • the current value between the first sample point and the second sample point is calculated using Ohm's law.
  • a plurality of voids and/or voids may be disposed on the copper row to increase the resistance value of the copper row to pass through the copper.
  • the current in the row is reduced, indirectly reducing power consumption, and on the basis of retaining the heat dissipation area of the copper bus between the sample points, Reduce the copper cross-sectional area and reduce the copper row heat, as shown in Figure 5-A, Figure 5-B, Figure 5-C, but not limited to Figure 5-A, Figure 5-B, Figure 5-C The way small copper is cut into areas.
  • the temperature characterization signal is converted into a temperature value and a resistance value between the copper sputum samples, and the resistance value is utilized.
  • the resistance value and the voltage value of the sample point indirectly calculate the current value passing through the sample point, and at the same time, a plurality of holes or voids are arranged in the copper row to indirectly increase the resistance of the copper row to reduce the copper bus temperature and also improve the temperature. Measuring system stability.

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Abstract

一种测量电流的方法与装置，所述方法包括：测量承载被测电流的铜排（210）中第一采样点与第二采样点之间的温度，根据测量得到的温度输出第一信号；对第一信号进行采样和滤波处理后，输出第二信号；检测第一采样点处的第一电压信号和第二采样点处的第二电压信号，将第一电压信号与第二电压信号的差进行采样和滤波处理，输出第三电压信号；将第二信号还原为表征第一采样点与第二采样点之间温度的温度值，根据温度值计算第一采样点与第二采样点之间的电阻值；将第三电压信号还原为表征所述第一采样点与第二采样点之间电压的电压值；根据电压值和电阻值计算出通过第一采样点与第二采样点之间的电流值。

Description

说 明 书 测量电流的方法与装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电子技术领域， 尤其涉及一种测量电流的方法与装置。 背景技术
通信电源通常被称为通信系统的心脏， 其工作不正常， 将会造成通信系 统故障， 甚至导致整个系统瘫痪。 目前对通信电源电流的检测， 大部分是使 用分流器。
在釆用分流器对电流进行釆样检测时， 分流器等效为一个小温漂系数的 电阻， 因此， 根据欧姆定律得出， 电压与电流成正比例关系， 通过获取分流 器两端的电压值， 正比例计算出通过分流器的电流值。
但是， 釆用分流器对电流进行釆样检测也暴露出一些不可避免的缺点， 由于分流器阻值大，当通过电流为 1 000A时，在分流器上产生对应 75MV压降， 此时， 分流器的功耗为 75W, 因此， 分流器上的功耗较大， 由于功耗较大使 得分流器温度值增高， 而分流器的电阻随温度会发生变化， 从而降低了分流 器的稳定性， 再者， 制作分流器的成本较高。 发明内容
本发明实施例公开了一种测量电流的方法与装置， 以降低电流釆样检测 过程中的功耗， 提高电流检测的稳定性。
在第一方面， 本发明实施例提供了一种测量电流的方法， 包括： 测量承 载被测电流的铜排中第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的温度， 根据测量得到的 温度输出第一信号； 对所述第一信号进行釆样和滤波处理后， 输出第二信号；
检测所述第一釆样点处的第一电压信号和所述第二釆样点处的第二电压 信号， 将所述第一电压信号与所述第二电压信号的信号差进行釆样和滤波处 理， 输出第三电压信号；
将所述第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 根据所述第一数字信号将所述第 二信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的温度值， 根 据所述温度值计算所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值；
将所述第三电压信号转换为第二数字信号， 根据所述第二数字信号将所 述第三电压信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间电压的电 压值；
根据所述电压值和所述电阻值计算出通过所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆 样点之间的电流值。
在第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述根据所述温度值计算所述第一釆样点 与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值具体包括：
利用电阻温度对照表或者电阻温度公式， 计算与所述温度值对应的电阻 值。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式， 在第二种可能的实 现方式中，所述第一釆样点和第二釆样点之间的铜排具有多个孔和 /或多个空 隙， 以减少所述铜排的面积从而增大所述铜排的电阻值。
在第二方面， 本发明实施例提供了一种测量电流的装置， 所述装置包括： 铜排， 用于承载被测电流；
温度传感器， 用于测量位于所述铜排上的第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间 的温度， 根据测量得到的温度输出第一信号；
温度釆样检测器， 用于接收所述温度传感器输出的所述第一信号， 对所 述第一信号进行釆样和滤波处理后， 输出第二信号；
电压釆样检测器， 用于检测位于所述铜排上的所述第一釆样点处的第一 电压信号和所述第二釆样点处的第二电压信号， 将所述第一电压信号和所述 第二电压信号的信号差进行釆样和滤波处理， 输出第三电压信号；
模数转换器 , 用于接收所述温度釆样检测器输出的所述第二信号 , 将所 述第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 输出所述第一数字信号， 和接收所述电压 釆样检测器输出的所述第三电压信号， 将所述第三电压信号转换为第二数字 信号， 输出所述第二数字信号；
控制器， 用于接收所述模数转换器输出的所述第一数字信号和所述第二 数字信号， 根据所述第一数字信号将所述第二信号还原为表征所述第一釆样 点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的温度值， 根据所述温度值计算所述第一釆样 点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值； 根据所述第二数字信号将所述第三电压 信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间电压的电压值， 根据 所述电压值和电阻值计算出通过所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电 流值。
在第一种可能的实现方式中， 所述控制器具体用于： 利用电阻温度对照 表或者电阻温度公式， 计算与所述温度值对应的所述第一釆样点与所述第二 釆样点之间的电阻值。
结合第二方面或或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式， 在第二种可能的 实现方式中， 所述模数转换器集成在所述控制器内； 或者， 所述模数转换器 集成在所述控制器外。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种、 第二种可能的实现方式， 在第三种 可能的实现方式中， 所述铜排具有多个孔和 /或多个空隙， 以减少所述铜排的 面积从而增大所述铜排的电阻值。
通过应用本发明实施例提供的测量电流的方法与装置， 通过温度传感器 测量铜排釆样点之间任一点的温度， 控制器将温度传感器输出的信号转换为 铜排釆样点的温度值和电阻值， 利用釆样点的电阻值和电压值间接测量出通 过釆样点的电流值， 同时， 在铜排中设置多个孔或孔隙， 间接增加铜排的电 阻， 降低电流功耗， 以实现降低铜排温度， 也提高了测量系统的稳定性。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例提供的测量电流的结构图；
图 2为本发明实施例提供的测量电流的装置图；
图 3为本发明实施例提供的外部集成模数转换器示意图；
图 4-A为本发明实施例提供的外部集成第一模数转换器示意图； 图 4-B为本发明实施例提供的外部集成第二模数转换器示意图； 图 4-C为本发明实施例提供的釆用集成温度传感器测量电流的示意图； 图 5-A为本发明实施例提供的一设置铜排孔和 /或空隙示意图； 图 5-B为本发明实施例提供的另一设置铜排孔和 /或空隙示意图； 图 5-C为本发明实施例提供的再一设置铜排孔和 /或空隙示意图； 图 6为本发明实施例提供的测量电流的方法流程图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面结合附图对本发明 具体实施例作进一步的详细描述。
下面以图 1为例详细说明本发明实施例提供的测量电流的装置， 图 1为 本发明实施例提供的测量电流的结构图。
如图 1所示， 测量第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的温度和电压， 将测量 出的第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的温度经釆样检测、 模数转换后换算为第 一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的电阻值， 将测量出的第一釆样点与第二釆样点 之间的电压经釆样检测、 模数转换后转换为第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的 电压值， 利用第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的电阻值和电压值， 计算出通过 铜排第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的电流值。
下面以图 2为例详细说明本发明实施例提供的测量电流的装置，图 2为 本发明实施例提供的测量电流的装置图。
如图 2所示， 所述装置包括铜排 210、 温度传感器 220、 温度釆样检测器 230、 电压釆样检测器 240、 模数转换器 250和控制器 260。
在铜排 210中选取两个釆样点， 第一釆样点和第二釆样点， 将两个釆样 点通过螺钉 (或卡扣）固定， 第一釆样点和第二釆样点与电压釆样检测器 240 连接， 温度传感器 220放置在两个釆样点中间， 也通过螺钉（或卡扣） 固定， 温度传感器 220与温度釆样检测器 230连接， 温度釆样检测器 230和电压釆 样检测器 240与控制器 260连接， 其中， 模数转换器 250可以集成在控制器 260 内部； 或者， 模数转换器集成在控制器 260外部， 即单独将模数转换器 250部署， 在本发明实施例中， 以模数转换器 250集成在控制器 260内部为 例进行说明。
所述装置中铜排 210, 用于承载被测电流。
温度传感器 220 , 用于测量位于所述铜排上的第一釆样点与第二釆样点 之间的温度， 根据测量得到的温度输出第一信号。
具体地， 温度传感器 220放置在两个釆样点中间， 通过螺钉 (或卡扣） 固定， 温度传感器 220测量两个釆样点之间任一点的温度， 为铜排提供直流 电流或交流电流后， 温度传感器 220开始工作， 测量第一釆样点和第二釆样 点之间任一点的温度。
应当理解的是， 温度传感器 220的种类繁多， 在实际应用中， 还可使用 其他类型的温度传感器， 如， 集成温度传感器， 内部集成模数转换， 对外提 供数字总线通讯； 电流型温度传感器， 传感器输出信号为电流信号， 通过釆 样、 检测， 将信号转化为电压信号； 电压型温度传感器， 传感器输出信号为 电压信号， 且无论何种类型的温度传感器在通过直流电流或交流电流时， 均 可正常工作。 在本发明实施例中以热敏电阻型温度传感器举例说明， 温度传 感器输出的是电压信号。 所述温度传感器为热敏电阻型温度传感器， 温度传 感器输出电压信号， 所述电压信号表征釆样点之间任一点的温度值。 需要说明的是， 所述温度传感器 220由外部电源或者内部电源供电。 温度釆样检测器 230 , 用于接收所述温度传感器输出的所述第一信号， 对所述第一信号进行釆样和滤波处理后， 输出第二信号；
具体地， 温度釆样检测器 230对第一信号进行釆样、 滤波、 比例缩放等 处理， 输出经处理后的第二信号。
电压釆样检测器 240 , 用于检测位于所述铜排上的所述第一釆样点处的 第一电压信号和所述第二釆样点处的第二电压信号， 将所述第一电压信号和 所述第二电压信号的信号差进行釆样和滤波处理， 输出第三电压信号。
具体地， 电压釆样检测电路 240连接到铜排的第一釆样点和第二釆样点 上， 实现检测第一釆样点处的第一电压信号和第二釆样点处的第二电压信号， 并获取第一电压信号和第二电压信号的信号差，对釆样点的信号差进行釆样、 滤波、 比例缩放处理， 输出经处理后第三电压信号。
应当理解的是， 由于选择温度传感器 220的种类不同， 温度传感器 220 输出的第一信号有所不同， 当温度传感器 220输出电压信号时， 所述第一信 号与第一电压信号和第二电压信号所测量的内容是不同的， 第一信号表征的 是第一釆样点和第二釆样点之间的温度， 第一电压信号和第二电压信号表征 的是通过电流时， 第一釆样点和第二釆样点分别产生的电压。
模数转换器 250 , 用于接收所述温度釆样检测器输出的所述第二信号， 将所述第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 输出所述第一数字信号； 以及接收所 述电压釆样检测器输出的所述第三电压信号， 将所述第三电压信号转换为第 二数字信号， 输出所述第二数字信号。
控制器 260, 用于接收所述模数转换器输出的所述第一数字信号以及所 述第二数字信号， 根据所述第一数字信号将所述第二信号还原为表征所述第 一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的温度值， 根据所述温度值计算所述第 一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值； 以及根据所述第二数字信号将所 述第三电压信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间电压的电 压值， 根据所述电压值和所述电阻值计算出通过所述第一釆样点与所述第二 釆样点之间的电流值。
具体地， 控制器 260接收经模数转换器 250处理后的第一数字信号， 并 将第一数字信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的温 度值， 然后， 控制器 260调用自身存储的电阻温度对照表或者电阻温度公式， 根据温度值计算出第一釆样点与第二温度值之间的电阻值。
控制器 260还接收经模数转换器 250处理后的第二数字信号， 并将第二 数字信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间电压的电压值。
控制器 260利用电压值和电阻值， 计算出通过第一釆样点与第二釆样点 之间的电流值。
在一个优选的实施例中，如图 3所示，模数转换器 250集成在控制器 260 外部， 即模数转换器 250单独部署时， 则所述装置中还可进一步包括： 第一 模数转换器 310和第二模数转换器 320, 所述第一模数转换器 310与温度釆 样检测器 230连接， 用于接收所述第二信号， 将所述第二信号转换为第一数 字信号， 将所述第一数字信号传输至所述控制器 260。
所述第二模数转换器 320与电压釆样检测器 240连接， 用于接收所述第 三电压信号， 将所述第三电压信号转换为第二数字信号， 将所述第二数字信 号传输至所述控制器 260。
进一步在一个优选的实施例中， 如果模数转换器 250集成在控制器 260 内部， 也可同时选择性的在所述装置中增加第一模数转换器 310或者第二模 数转换器 320 , 以简化控制器的工作量， 提高控制器的运算速度， 也提高模 数转化精度。 如图 4-A和图 4-B所示， 如图 4-A所示， 模数转换器 250集成 在控制器 260 内部， 还可选择性地增加第一模数转换器 310, 所述第一模数 转换器 310与温度釆样检测器 230连接，第一模数转换器 310接收第二信号， 将第二信号转换为第一数字信号后， 直接传输至控制器 260中， 所述控制器 260还与电压釆样检测器 240连接， 电压釆样检测器 240将第三电压信号直 接传输至控制器 260中， 控制器 260利用内置集成的模数转换器 250将第三 电压信号转换为第二数字信号， 通过第二数字信号换算为釆样点之间的电压 值。
如 4-B所示， 模数转换器 250集成在控制器 260内部， 还可选择性地增 加第二模数转换器 320 , 所述第二模数转换器 320与电压釆样检测器 240连 接， 第二模数转换器 320接收第三电压信号， 将第三电压信号转换为第二数 字信号后， 直接传输至控制器 260中， 所述控制器 260还与温度釆样检测器 230连接， 温度釆样检测器 230将第二信号直接传输至控制器 260中， 控制 器 260利用内置集成的模数转换器 250将第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 通 过第一数字信号换算为釆样点之间的温度值， 再进一步地计算釆样点之间的 电阻值。
需要说明的是， 在上述的实施例中， 所述温度传感器 220均为非集成型 的温度传感器， 在实际应用中还可釆用集成温度传感器， 如图 4-C所示， 所 述图 4-C为测量电流装置的另一种表现形式， 温度传感器 220为集成温度传 感器时， 温度釆样检测器 230用数字通讯总线代替。
集成温度传感器将测量的温度转化为数字信号， 通过 I 2C、 onewi re、 SPI 等数字总线接口与控制器 260相对应的片上外设总线通讯， 控制器 260通过 片上外设总线读取集成温度传感器釆样的数字信号， 将该数字信号转换为第 一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的温度值。
进一步需要说明的是， 所述装置还包括电源， 图中未明示， 所述电源 为所述铜排 210加载直流电流或者交流电流， 上述的多个实施例中， 均以电 源加载直流电流为例， 对测量电流的装置中的各器件进行的说明， 在实际应 用中， 电源还可加载交流电流， 加载交流电流时， 测量电流的装置中的各器 件功能相同， 此处不再赘述， 只是当在加载交流电流时， 为了减少交流电压 对其他器件的电气干扰， 应将电压釆样检测器 240和 /或第二模数转换器 320 进行隔离， 降低上述两个器件对其他器件的电气干扰。 更进一步需要说明的是， 为了降低功耗， 解决铜排 21 0的发热问题， 在 本发明实施例中还可将铜排 21 0上设置多个孔和 /或空隙，以增大铜排 21 0的 电阻值， 使通过铜排 21 0的电流减少， 间接减低功耗， 且在保留釆样点之间 的铜排 21 0散热面积的基础上， 减小铜排 21 0截面积， 降低铜排 21 0发热， 如图 5-A、 图 5-B、 图 5-C所示， 但不限于图 5-A、 图 5-B、 图 5-C三种减小 铜排截面积的方式。
通过应用本发明实施例提供的测量电流的装置， 通过温度传感器测量铜 排釆样点之间任一点的温度， 控制器将温度传感器输出的信号转换为铜排釆 样点的温度值和电阻值， 利用釆样点的电阻值和电压值间接测量出通过釆样 点的电流值， 同时， 在铜排中设置多个孔或空隙， 间接增加铜排的电阻， 降 低电流功耗， 以实现降低铜排温度， 也提高了测量系统的稳定性。
下面以图 6为例详细说明本发明实施例提供的测量电流的方法， 图 6为 本发明实施例提供的测量电流的方法流程图。
图 6所示的方法是基于前述的装置实施例中实施的， 以所述测量电流的 装置为基础， 实现测量电流的方法， 具体包括以下步骤：
步骤 61 0、 测量承载被测电流的铜排中第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的 温度， 根据测量得到的温度输出第一信号。
具体地， 在铜排中选取两个釆样点， 第一釆样点和第二釆样点， 将两个 釆样点通过螺钉（或卡扣） 固定， 提供直流电流或交流电流后， 测量两个釆 样点之间任一点的温度， 在本发明实施例中， 根据测量得到的温度输出第一 信号， 在本发明实施例中， 为铜排提供直流电流或交流电流后， 在所述铜排 上 载被测电流。
步骤 620、 对所述第一信号进行釆样和滤波处理后， 输出第二信号。 具体地， 根据步骤 61 0的描述， 对第一信号进行釆样、 滤波和比例缩放 处理后， 输出经处理后的第二信号。
步骤 630、 检测所述第一釆样点处的第一电压信号和所述第二釆样点处 的第二电压信号， 将所述第一电压信号与所述第二电压信号的信号差进行釆 样和滤波处理， 输出第三电压信号。
具体地， 由于为铜排提供了直流电流或交流电流， 因此， 在铜排中的第 一釆样点和第二釆样点上出现电压， 检测第一釆样点处的第一电压信号和第 二釆样点处的第二电压信号， 获取第一电压信号与第二电压信号的信号差， 对该信号差进行釆样、 滤波和比例缩放处理， 输出经处理后的第三电压信号。
步骤 640、 将所述第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 根据所述第一数字信 号将所述第二信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的 温度值， 根据所述温度值计算所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻 值。
具体地， 根据前述步骤的描述， 将第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 并将 第一数字信号转换成表征第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的温度值， 调用电阻 温度对照表或者电阻温度公式， 计算在温度值下的第一釆样点与第二釆样点 之间的电阻值。
步骤 650、 将所述第三电压信号转换为第二数字信号， 根据所述第二数 字信号将所述第三电压信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之 间电压的电压值。
具体地， 根据前述步骤的描述， 将第三电压信号转换为第二数字信号， 将第二数字信号转换成表征第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间电压的电压值。
步骤 660、 根据所述电压值和所述电阻值计算出通过所述第一釆样点与 所述第二釆样点之间的电流值。
具体地， 根据步骤 640中得到的电阻值和步骤 650中得到的电压值， 利 用欧姆定律， 计算通过第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的电流值。
需要说明的是， 为了降低功耗， 解决铜排的发热问题， 在本发明实施例 中还可将铜排上设置多个空和 /或空隙， 以增大铜排的电阻值， 使通过铜排的 电流减少， 间接减低功耗， 且在保留釆样点之间的铜排散热面积的基础上， 减小铜排截面积， 降低铜排发热， 如图 5-A、 图 5-B、 图 5-C所示， 但不限于 图 5-A、 图 5-B、 图 5-C三种减小铜排截面积的方式。
通过应用本发明实施例提供的测量电流的方法， 通过测量铜排釆样点的 之间任一点的温度， 将表征温度的信号转换为铜排釆样点之间的温度值和电 阻值， 利用釆样点的电阻值和电压值间接计算出通过釆样点的电流值， 同时， 在铜排中设置多个孔或空隙， 间接增加铜排的电阻， 以实现降低铜排温度， 也提高了测量系统的稳定性。
专业人员应该还可以进一步意识到， 结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的 各示例的器件及步骤， 能够以电子硬件、 计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现， 为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性， 在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性 地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。 这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行， 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。 专业技术人员可以对每个特定 的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能， 但是这种实现不应认为超出本 发明的范围。
以上所述的具体实施方式， 对本发明的目的、 技术方案和有益效果进行 了进一步详细说明， 所应理解的是， 以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而 已， 并不用于限定本发明的保护范围， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所做 的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种测量电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
测量承载被测电流的铜排中第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间的温度， 根据 测量得到的温度输出第一信号；
对所述第一信号进行釆样和滤波处理后， 输出第二信号；
检测所述第一釆样点处的第一电压信号和所述第二釆样点处的第二电压 信号， 将所述第一电压信号与所述第二电压信号的信号差进行釆样和滤波处 理， 输出第三电压信号；
将所述第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 根据所述第一数字信号将所述第 二信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的温度值， 根 据所述温度值计算所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值；
将所述第三电压信号转换为第二数字信号， 根据所述第二数字信号将所 述第三电压信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间电压的电 压值；
根据所述电压值和所述电阻值计算出通过所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆 样点之间的电流值。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的测量电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述根据所述 温度值计算所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值具体包括：
利用电阻温度对照表或者电阻温度公式， 计算与所述温度值对应的电阻 值。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的测量电流的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一 釆样点和第二釆样点之间的铜排具有多个孔和 /或多个空隙， 以减少所述铜排 的面积从而增大所述铜排的电阻值。
4、 一种测量电流的装置， 其特征在于， 所述装置包括：
铜排， 用于承载被测电流；
温度传感器， 用于测量位于所述铜排上的第一釆样点与第二釆样点之间 的温度， 根据测量得到的温度输出第一信号；
温度釆样检测器， 用于接收所述温度传感器输出的所述第一信号， 对所 述第一信号进行釆样和滤波处理后， 输出第二信号；
电压釆样检测器， 用于检测位于所述铜排上的所述第一釆样点处的第一 电压信号和所述第二釆样点处的第二电压信号， 将所述第一电压信号和所述 第二电压信号的信号差进行釆样和滤波处理， 输出第三电压信号；
模数转换器， 用于接收所述温度釆样检测器输出的所述第二信号 , 将所 述第二信号转换为第一数字信号， 输出所述第一数字信号； 以及接收所述电 压釆样检测器输出的所述第三电压信号， 将所述第三电压信号转换为第二数 字信号， 输出所述第二数字信号；
控制器， 用于接收所述模数转换器输出的所述第一数字信号以及所述第 二数字信号， 根据所述第一数字信号将所述第二信号还原为表征所述第一釆 样点与所述第二釆样点之间温度的温度值， 根据所述温度值计算所述第一釆 样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值； 以及根据所述第二数字信号将所述第 三电压信号还原为表征所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间电压的电压 值， 根据所述电压值和所述电阻值计算出通过所述第一釆样点与所述第二釆 样点之间的电流值。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的测量电流的装置， 其特征在于， 所述控制器具 体用于：
利用电阻温度对照表或者电阻温度公式， 计算与所述温度值对应的所述 第一釆样点与所述第二釆样点之间的电阻值。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的测量电流的装置， 其特征在于， 所述模数 转换器集成在所述控制器内； 或者， 所述模数转换器集成在所述控制器外。
7、 根据权利要求 4-6任一项所述的测量电流的装置， 其特征在于， 所述 铜排具有多个孔和 /或多个空隙， 以减少所述铜排的面积从而增大所述铜排的 电阻值。
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