WO2014101112A1 - 一种网站识别方法、装置及网络系统 - Google Patents

一种网站识别方法、装置及网络系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101112A1
WO2014101112A1 PCT/CN2012/087848 CN2012087848W WO2014101112A1 WO 2014101112 A1 WO2014101112 A1 WO 2014101112A1 CN 2012087848 W CN2012087848 W CN 2012087848W WO 2014101112 A1 WO2014101112 A1 WO 2014101112A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
website
key value
client
server certificate
server
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/087848
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨文宏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP12890875.3A priority Critical patent/EP2940954B1/en
Priority to ES12890875T priority patent/ES2755763T3/es
Priority to EP19189538.2A priority patent/EP3641265B1/en
Priority to CN201280002059.3A priority patent/CN103229479B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2012/087848 priority patent/WO2014101112A1/zh
Priority to ES19189538T priority patent/ES2888656T3/es
Priority to EP21165747.3A priority patent/EP3941015B1/en
Publication of WO2014101112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101112A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/02Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0823Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using certificates
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/14Charging, metering or billing arrangements specially adapted for data communications, e.g. authentication, authorisation and accounting [AAA] framework
    • H04L12/1403Architecture for metering, charging or billing
    • H04L12/1407Policy-and-charging control [PCC] architecture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/02Capturing of monitoring data
    • H04L43/028Capturing of monitoring data by filtering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/45Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/16Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer
    • H04L63/166Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer at the transport layer

Definitions

  • Website identification method Website identification method, device and network system
  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a website identification method, apparatus, and network system.
  • BACKGROUND In an existing network operation process, in order to manage a user's network access behavior, for example, filtering a website accessed by a user, performing charging according to a website accessed by the user, or implementing various website package services launched by the operator Etc., need to be able to identify the website that the user visits.
  • the website accessed by the user can be identified by analyzing the content of the user's ht tp ⁇ However, when a user accesses a website through Hypertext Transfer Protoco l Secure (HTTPS), since the application layer message is encapsulated in an encrypted transmission tunnel, the user cannot access the website from the user.
  • HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protoco l Secure
  • the website identifies the website the user visited. Summary of the invention
  • a website identification method, device and network system provided in the embodiments of the present invention can identify a website visited by a user when the user accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a website identification method, including:
  • HTTPS Hypertext Secure Transfer Protocol
  • the website key value table records a website name and a key value of a website server certificate, wherein the website certificate of the website in the website key value table
  • the key value is obtained according to the preset algorithm
  • the website name identifies the website visited by the client.
  • the website identifying method further includes: if the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is not found in the website key value table, determining the website The format type of the server certificate;
  • the domain name of the website is obtained in the user attribute of the server certificate, and the website accessed by the client is identified according to the domain name of the website;
  • the domain name of the website is obtained in the user identification attribute of the server certificate, and the website accessed by the client is identified according to the domain name of the website.
  • the method further includes: if a website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is found in the website key value table, No accounting statistics are performed on the traffic of the client;
  • the acquiring client and the server are in key negotiation
  • the authentication messages in the process include:
  • the authentication message is identified according to the HandshakeType field in the message.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep packet inspection device, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to: when the client accesses the website through the hypertext secure transfer protocol HTTPS, obtain an authentication message of the client and the server of the website during the key negotiation process;
  • a parsing module configured to obtain a server certificate of a website accessed by the client by parsing the authentication message obtained by the obtaining module
  • a calculation module configured to obtain a key value of the server certificate according to a preset algorithm
  • a searching module configured to search, according to the key value of the server certificate obtained by the computing module, in a website key value table, where the website key value table records a key value of a website name and a server certificate of the website, where The key value of the server certificate of the website in the website key value table is based on the preset Obtained by the algorithm;
  • an identification module if the search module finds a website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table, the website name identifies the website accessed by the client.
  • the deep packet detecting device further includes: a setting module, configured to receive and store the website key value table sent by the management server, where the website key value table is Contains the website name of at least one website and the key value of the website's server certificate.
  • the deep packet detection device further includes:
  • a determining module configured to determine, when the search module does not find a website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table, determine a format type of the server certificate obtained by the parsing module, And triggering the identification module;
  • the identification module is further configured to: when the determining module determines that the format type of the server certificate of the website is the X.509 format, obtain the domain name of the website in the user attribute of the certificate, and according to the The domain name of the website identifies the website accessed by the client; when the determining module determines that the format type of the server certificate of the website is the PGP format, obtaining the domain name of the website in the user identification attribute of the certificate, and according to The domain name of the website identifies the website visited by the client.
  • the deep packet detection device further includes:
  • a traffic management module configured to: when the search module finds a website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table, does not perform charging statistics on the traffic of the client; When the module does not find the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table, the module performs charging statistics on the traffic of the client.
  • the obtaining module is specifically configured to listen to the client and the server of the website in the key negotiation process, and identify the authentication according to the HandshakeType field in the text. Message.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a network system, including a client, at least one website server, and a deep packet detecting device provided by any one of the foregoing implementation manners, where:
  • the client is configured to send an HTTPS protocol-based access request to the at least one website server, and perform key agreement with the at least one website server;
  • the website server is configured to receive a network access request sent by the client, and perform key negotiation with the client according to the network access request.
  • the website identification method obtaineds the key value of the server certificate according to a preset algorithm by obtaining a server certificate of the website accessed by the client when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, and obtains the key value of the server certificate.
  • the key value is searched in the website key value table, and the website accessed by the client is identified by the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate found in the key value table of the website, so that the client accesses through the HTTPS protocol.
  • the website can also identify the website visited by the client.
  • FIG. 1 is an application scenario diagram of a website identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a website identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of still another website identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a signaling diagram of a key agreement between a client and a server of a website according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for analyzing a server certificate in a website identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep packet inspection device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another deep packet inspection device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is an application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the client 100 uses a hypertext transfer protocol ( Hypertext Transfer Protoco l Secure , HTTPS) Visit the website.
  • the gateway device 105 is capable of network access control of the network access behavior of the client 100.
  • the Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) device 110 can perform application layer-based traffic detection and control on the network access behavior of the client 100, and can be used for detecting and analyzing the network access traffic of the client 100, and implementing the policy and The billing execution function (Poll icy and Charging Encryption Functification, PCEF), and the online charging system (Onl ine Charging System, OCS) 115 request the traffic quota of the user and the traffic of the client 100 So that the 0CS can charge the user according to the access traffic of the client 100.
  • the DPI device 110 is deployed in the downlink of the gateway device 105.
  • the data packet of the client 100 accessing the website passes through the gateway device and the DP I device to reach the website server 120 to be accessed, and the DPI device 110 analyzes the traffic of the client 100.
  • the website accessed by the client 110 is identified, and the network access behavior of the client 100 is controlled according to the identified website. For example, if a user participates in the charging package service, the DP I device 110 performs the function according to the policy and charging rules. (Po l icy and Charg ing Rules Funct., PCRF)
  • the device 125 performs charging management on the access traffic of the client 100 of the user. If the website accessed by the client 100 is a website within the package, the DPI device 110 does not perform traffic statistics on the network traffic of the client 100.
  • the DPI device 110 will The network access traffic of the client 100 performs traffic statistics, and the traffic statistics result of the client 100 is sent to the online charging system 115 for charging processing. It can be understood that the charging management of the network access behavior of the client 100 according to the identified website in this application scenario is only a management of the network behavior of the client 100. In actual applications, the data can be identified.
  • the website controls traffic or filtering for users and so on.
  • the client 100 can be a device capable of network access, such as a mobile phone or a computer.
  • the gateway device 105 can be a Gateway GPRS Supper Node (GGSN) or a Packet Data Gateway (Packet Da ta Ga teway). , PDG), etc., are not limited here.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a website identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method is applied to a client The scenario in which the terminal accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol may be performed by the DPI device 110 in FIG. 1, and the method includes:
  • Step 200 when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, the authentication message of the client and the server of the website in the key negotiation process is obtained, and the process proceeds to step 205;
  • the client 100 accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, the client 100 performs key agreement with the visited website server 120.
  • the key negotiation process may be based on the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol.
  • TLS protocol is an encryption protocol that provides a secure secure channel on the Internet
  • the server certificate is a certificate applied by the server from a certificate authority (CA) center for proving the server usage type.
  • CA certificate authority
  • the client trusts this server only when it is used for the corresponding server. Since the DPI device 110 is deployed in the downlink of the gateway device 105, the DPI device 110 can listen to the authentication client 150 and the website server 120 for the authentication Ce r t i f i c a t e message.
  • Step 205 Obtain a server certificate of the website accessed by the client by parsing the authentication message, and proceed to step 210;
  • the visited website may be obtained by extracting the first certificate of the certificate chain Cer tifi ca t eL ist part in the authentication message. Server certificate.
  • Step 210 Obtain a key value of the server certificate according to a preset algorithm, and proceed to step 215.
  • the content of the server certificate may be calculated by using a preset algorithm to obtain a key value of the server certificate.
  • the content of the server certificate may be calculated by using a digital digest algorithm to obtain a key value of the server certificate, where the digital digest algorithm may use a Message-Digest Algorithm (MD5) algorithm and a security algorithm.
  • MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm
  • Algorithms such as the algorithm SHA-1 and the RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest (RIPEMD) are not limited herein.
  • Step 215 Perform a search in a website key value table according to a key value of the server certificate, where the website key value table records a website name and a key value of a server certificate of the website, where the website in the website key value table
  • the key value of the server certificate is obtained according to the preset algorithm, and proceeds to step 220;
  • the website key value table and the preset website may be preset in the DPI device.
  • the key value table records the key values of each website name and the server certificate of the website, wherein the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table is a server certificate for each website according to the same algorithm as that used in step 210.
  • the content is calculated, for example, using the same digital digest algorithm.
  • the key value of the server certificate in the preset website key value table is obtained by the MD5 algorithm in step 215, in step 210, when the user visits the website, the server accessed by the user is also required to be calculated by the MD5 algorithm.
  • the key value of the certificate can also be preset in other devices as long as the DPI device can access.
  • Step 220 If the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is found in the website key value table, the website visited by the client is identified according to the website name.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can utilize a digital digest algorithm to be different.
  • the original text is converted into different hash values, and the content of the server certificate of the website to be identified is calculated in advance by a preset digital digest algorithm to obtain the key value of the server certificate, and the key value of the obtained server certificate and the website are obtained.
  • the name is stored in the key value table of the website.
  • the website corresponding to the key value of the service certificate can be obtained according to the website key value table.
  • the name is the name.
  • the website identification method obtaineds the key value of the server certificate according to a preset algorithm by obtaining a server certificate of the website accessed by the client when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, and obtains the key value of the server certificate.
  • the key value is searched in the website key value table, and the website accessed by the client is identified by the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate found in the key value table of the website, so that the client accesses through the HTTPS protocol.
  • the website can also identify the website visited by the client.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of still another method for identifying a website according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method is applied to a scenario in which a client accesses a website through an HTTPS protocol, and may be executed by the DPI device 110 in FIG. 1 , as shown in FIG. 3 . Show that the method includes:
  • Step 300 Receive and store a website key value table sent by a management server, where the website key
  • the value table contains the website name of at least one website and the key value of the website server certificate, and proceeds to step 305;
  • the server certificate of the at least one website may be pre-acquired by the management server, and the key value of the obtained server certificate of the at least one website is calculated according to a preset digital digest algorithm, and the key value of the obtained server certificate is calculated.
  • the website name is recorded in the website key value table and the website key value table is sent to the DPI device.
  • the management server may obtain the server certificate of the website that needs to be paid in advance.
  • the server certificate of the accessible website specified in the website package may be obtained in advance, for example, Facebook, YouTube, etc.
  • the server certificate of the website can also be pre-acquired for the server certificate of the website that needs to be controlled according to the need, and can be set according to requirements, which is not limited herein.
  • the management server can download the server certificate of the website to the local website through the browser in advance, and download the server certificate of the website to the local, and then calculate the obtained server certificate by using a preset algorithm (for example, the MD5 algorithm). Key values, get the website key value table.
  • the form of the website key value table can be as shown in the following table 1:
  • the preset website key value table needs to be updated in time. Specifically, when the server certificate of the website concerned is updated, According to the updated website server certificate, the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table is updated in time; when the website concerned is newly added, the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table is increased according to the server certificate of the newly added website. And the name of the website; or when it is necessary to reduce the website to be concerned, the key value of the server certificate corresponding to the name of the website to be deleted in the website key value table may be deleted.
  • Step 305 Obtain an authentication message of the client and the server in the key negotiation process, where the authentication message carries the server certificate of the website accessed by the client, and proceeds to step 310;
  • the DP I device can listen to the acquisition client 100 and the website server.
  • An authentication message in the key negotiation process where the authentication message carries a server certificate of a website accessed by the client.
  • the key negotiation process of the client and the server based on the TLS protocol may be specifically as shown in FIG. 4, and the key negotiation process may include:
  • Step 400 the client sends a key negotiation request message ClientHello to the server of the website to be accessed, proceeds to step 405;
  • the client notifies the server of the encryption mode that it can support, and proceeds to step 405.
  • Step 405 the server returns a key agreement response message ServerHello to the client, proceeds to step 410;
  • the server that receives the ClientHello message returns a ServerHello message to the client, and specifies one of the encryption methods that the client can support in the ServerHello message.
  • Step 410 the server sends an authentication certificate message to the client, the server certificate of the server is included in the Ce r t i i i i i a t e message, proceeds to step 415;
  • the server After sending the ServerHello message to the client, the server sends a Certificate message, and the server certificate of the server is included in the Cert i f i ca t e message, so that the client verifies the server certificate.
  • the server certificate is a certificate applied by the server from a certificate authority (CA) center for proving the type of use of the server.
  • CA certificate authority
  • the client trusts the server.
  • the format of the Certificate message can be as follows in Table 2:
  • the value of the HandshakeType field is 11 to indicate that the message is a Certificate message.
  • the certificate message usually includes a certificate chain CertificateList, and the certificate chain may include multiple certificates.
  • the following certificates are used to verify whether the listed certificate is an authority. Certificates for institutional certification, for example, when accessing the Google google website via HTTPS, multiple certificates will be obtained, the most of which is the logo of the goog le server, the latter certificate
  • the book may be a certificate of a certification body, and the certificate of the certification body is used to prove that the server certificate of google is a legal certificate. Therefore, when the certificate chain CertificateList is obtained, the first certificate is the server certificate of the website to be accessed.
  • Step 415 After the client verifies the server certificate of the server, the client sends a key exchange ClientKeyExchange message to the server, where the ClientKeyExchange message includes the public key of the server for encryption. Key, proceed to step 420; Step 420, the client sends a key negotiation completion Finished message to the server, indicating that the negotiation is completed, proceeds to step 425;
  • Step 425 the server returns a key negotiation completion Finished message to the client, indicating that the negotiation is completed, and proceeds to step 430;
  • Step 430 The client and the server perform data packet interaction, where the data packet is data encrypted by the negotiated key.
  • the DPI device can also be deployed in the network link in a bypass deployment manner.
  • the client 100 and the website server 120 can be obtained by mirroring or copying.
  • the negotiation message in the key negotiation process thereby obtaining the authentication message of the client 100 and the website server 120 during the key negotiation process.
  • Step 310 Obtain a server certificate of the visited website by parsing the authentication message, and proceed to step 315;
  • Step 315 obtaining a key value of the server certificate of the visited website according to a preset algorithm, and proceeding to step 320;
  • the content of the server certificate may be calculated by using a preset algorithm to obtain a key value of the server certificate.
  • the content of the server certificate may be calculated by using a digital digest algorithm to obtain a key value of the server certificate.
  • the digital digest algorithm may include an algorithm such as MD5 or SHA-1, wherein the algorithm used in this step needs to be the same as the algorithm used when the management server presets the website key value table.
  • Step 320 performing a search in the website key value table according to the key value of the server certificate, and proceeding to step 325;
  • Step 325 determining whether the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is found in the website key value table, and if the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is found, proceeding to step 330, otherwise Go to step 335;
  • Step 330 Identify, according to the website name, the website accessed by the client, go to step 340;
  • Step 335 analyze a server certificate of the website, obtain a domain name of the website visited by the user, and identify according to the domain name of the website The website accessed by the client proceeds to step 340;
  • the online name can be obtained through online
  • the server certificate of the visited website obtained in step 310 is analyzed to identify the name of the website accessed by the client.
  • the specific analysis method may be as shown in FIG. 5, including:
  • Step 505 Determine a format type of the server certificate of the visited website. If the server certificate of the visited website is a server certificate of the X.509 format, proceed to step 510, if the server certificate of the visited website is PGP. Formatted server certificate, proceeds to step 520;
  • the server certificate supported by the current TLS protocol includes server certificates in two formats, one is a server certificate in the X.509 format, and the other is a server certificate in the PGP format.
  • the format of the server certificate obtained in step 310 needs to be identified first, and then the server certificate is specifically analyzed according to the data structure of the certificate of different format types.
  • the format of the server certificate may be negotiated through the CertificateType field in the ClientHello message and the ServerHello message. If the Cert if icateType field is 0, the server certificate is a server certificate in the X.509 format, if the CertificateType field is 1, the server certificate is a certificate in PGP format.
  • X.509 is a widely used digital certificate standard, which is the ITU-T's Single Sign-on (SSO) and Privilege Management Infrastructure (PMI).
  • PKI Public Key Infrastructure
  • PGP Pretty Good Privacy
  • PGP is a mail encryption software based on the RSA public key encryption system that uses a pair of mathematically related keys.
  • One (public key) is used to encrypt the information and the other (private key) is used to decrypt the information.
  • Each public key and private key in PGP is accompanied by a key certificate, which is a key certificate in PGP format, in which the PGP format includes an open Open PGP format certificate.
  • Step 510 parsing the server certificate of the visited website according to the data structure of the X.509 format certificate, obtaining the user attribute in the server certificate, and proceeding to step 515;
  • the certificate in X.509 format generally includes:
  • the "Subject User" attribute has the domain name information of the website. Therefore, if the server certificate of the visited website obtained in step 310 is a certificate of the X.509 format, the Subject user attribute of the certificate can be obtained according to the digital structure of the certificate of the X.509 format. Of course, it can be understood that when determining the digital format of the server certificate, it is also necessary to determine the version of the certificate to be used, and parse the certificate according to different version formats.
  • Step 515 Obtain a domain name of the visited website by parsing the user attribute.
  • the domain name of the website accessed by the client may be obtained by parsing the Subject user attribute of the accessed server certificate, for example, In the X.509 format server certificate, the Subject attribute can be of the form: www.f acebook.com.
  • Step 520 obtaining the user identification attribute by parsing the certificate in the PGP format, and proceeding to step 525;
  • PGP's key certificate generally contains the following:
  • Key type Indicates whether the key is a public key or a private key
  • Key length used to indicate the length of the key, usually expressed in binary bits
  • Key number used to uniquely identify the key
  • Creation time Used to indicate when the certificate was created
  • Key ID The information of the key creator, such as the name of the creator, email, etc.
  • Key fingerprint a 128-bit number, which is the unique feature of the key content summary key;
  • Intermediary Signature The digital signature of the intermediary, declaring the authenticity of the key and its owner, including the intermediator's key number and identification information.
  • the "User ID” part is used to identify the information of the key creator, which can be represented by the name of the creator, email, etc., therefore, if the server certificate of the website is a key certificate in PGP format, the slave server The information in the "User ID" section of the certificate can be used to identify the website's identity, so that the website the user visits can be identified.
  • Step 525 Obtain a domain name of the visited website by parsing the user identification attribute.
  • the domain name of the website is included in the user identifier attribute, where the user identifier may be an email address, a name, and the like that can identify the user.
  • the user ID can be expressed as: admini s t ra torafacebook. com.
  • Step 340 Manage the data stream accessed by the client according to the identified website accessed by the client.
  • the network access behavior of the user may be managed according to the identified website visited by the client and a preset control policy, for example, according to the name of the visited website and the preset website.
  • the package policy determines whether the management of the traffic of the client needs to be managed, or the access traffic of the client is controlled or filtered, and is not limited herein.
  • the website identification method in the embodiment of the present invention when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, when the website accessed by the client cannot be identified through the preset website key value table, the server of the website accessed by the client may be analyzed online. The way the certificate is used to identify the website the client is visiting.
  • the website identification method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is more comprehensive, and the accuracy of website identification is higher.
  • the website identification method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can timely manage the network access behavior of the user according to the identified website name when identifying the website visited by the client, thereby providing the user with more timely and efficient operation. Refined network management.
  • the preset website key value table may be a website that is specified by the user's scheduled package.
  • the key value of the domain name and the server certificate when it is determined in step 325 that the key value of the server certificate of the website with the same key value of the server certificate of the visited website is found in the website key value table,
  • the client accesses the website in the package, and may perform charging traffic statistics without accessing the client.
  • it is determined in step 325 it is determined that the website does not find the location in the key value table.
  • the key value of the server certificate of the visited website is the same as the key value of the server certificate of the website, it means that the client accesses the website within the package, so that the traffic of the client's access traffic can be directly flowed, and the statistics will be The traffic is charged to the accounting server.
  • the key value of the server certificate of the website with the same key value of the server certificate of the visited website is not found in the website key value table in step 325, it is not necessary to enter the step again. 335 to obtain the domain name of the website visited by the user by analyzing the server certificate of the website, and can directly control the management of the client's traffic.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a physical structure of a Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the DPI device 60 includes:
  • a processor 610 A processor 610, a Communications Interface 620, a memory 630, and a communication bus 640.
  • the processor 610, the communication interface 620, and the memory 630 communicate with each other via the communication bus 640.
  • the communication interface 620 is configured to communicate with a network element, such as a gateway device, an online charging system (OCS), or a management server.
  • a network element such as a gateway device, an online charging system (OCS), or a management server.
  • OCS online charging system
  • the processor 610 is configured to execute the program 632, and specifically, the related steps in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 3 above may be performed.
  • program 632 can include program code, the program code including computer operating instructions.
  • Processor 610 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the memory 630 is configured to store the program 632.
  • Memory 630 may include high speed RAM memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a DPI device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the DPI device 70 includes:
  • the obtaining module 700 is configured to obtain an authentication message of the client and the server of the website in a key agreement process when the client accesses the website through the Hypertext Secure Transfer Protocol (HTTPS);
  • HTTPS Hypertext Secure Transfer Protocol
  • the client 100 accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol
  • the client 100 performs key agreement with the server 120 of the visited website.
  • the key negotiation process may be based on the Transport Layer Security (TLS).
  • TLS Transport Layer Security
  • the protocol is performed, where the TLS protocol is an encryption protocol that provides a secure secure channel on the Internet, and the server certificate is a certificate applied by the server from a certificate authority (CA) center for proving the type of use of the server,
  • CA certificate authority
  • the client trusts the server only when it is used for the corresponding server.
  • the obtaining module 700 in the DPI device can obtain the authentication message of the client and the website server during the key negotiation process, wherein the authentication message carries the server certificate of the website accessed by the client. Specifically, the obtaining module 700 may monitor the message in the key negotiation process by the client and the server, and identify the authentication message according to the HandshakeType field in the message.
  • the parsing module 705 is configured to obtain a server certificate of the website accessed by the client by parsing the authentication message obtained by the obtaining module 700;
  • the visited website may be obtained by extracting the first certificate of the certificate chain Cer tifi ca t eL ist part in the authentication message. Server certificate.
  • the calculation module 710 is configured to obtain the key value of the server certificate according to a preset algorithm.
  • the content of the server certificate obtained by the parsing module 705 may be calculated by using a preset algorithm to obtain the server certificate.
  • the key value for example, the digital summary algorithm may be used to calculate the content of the server certificate to obtain the key value of the server certificate, wherein the digital digest algorithm may use the Message-Digest Algorithm (MD5) algorithm, security Algorithms such as the arithmetic algorithm SHA-1 and the RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest (RIPEMD) are not limited in ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
  • the searching module 715 is configured to perform a search in the website key value table according to the key value of the server certificate obtained by the calculating module 710, where the website key value table records the website name and the server certificate of the website Key value, wherein the key value of the server certificate of the website in the website key value table is obtained according to the preset algorithm;
  • the website key value table may be preset in the DPI device, where the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table is the same algorithm used by the calculation module 710, for example, Say the same digital digest algorithm.
  • the calculation module 710 also needs to calculate the key value of the server certificate accessed by the user through the MD5 algorithm.
  • the website key value table can also be preset in other devices as long as the DPI device can access.
  • the identification module 720 identifies the website visited by the client according to the website name if the search module 715 finds a website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can utilize a digital digest algorithm to be different.
  • the original text is converted into different hash values, and the content of the server certificate of the website to be identified is calculated in advance by a preset digital digest algorithm to obtain the key value of the server certificate, and the key value of the obtained server certificate and the website are obtained.
  • the name is correspondingly stored in the website key value table.
  • the value is compared. If the key value of the server certificate of the website with the same key value of the server certificate of the website accessed by the client is found in the website key value table, the identification module 720 can obtain the service certificate according to the website key value table. The key value corresponds to the name of the website.
  • the DPI device in the embodiment of the present invention obtains the key value of the server certificate according to a preset algorithm by obtaining a server certificate of the website accessed by the client when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, and obtains the key value of the server certificate.
  • a lookup is made in the website key value table to identify the name of the website visited by the user by the website name corresponding to the key value found in the website key value table. Therefore, when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, the name of the website accessed by the user can also be identified.
  • the DPI device 70 provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
  • a setting module 725 configured to receive and store a website key value table sent by the management server, where the website key value table includes a website name of at least one website and a key value of a server certificate of the website, where the website key value table is The key value of the server certificate of the website is obtained according to the preset algorithm. It can be understood that when the website server certificate is updated, and the website to be followed needs to be added or deleted, the setting module 725 needs to update the preset website key value table in time, specifically, when the server certificate of the website concerned is updated.
  • the setting module 725 can update the key value of the server certificate in the website key value table according to the updated website server certificate; when the website concerned is newly added, the setting module 725 can add the website according to the server certificate of the newly added website.
  • the DPI device 70 provided by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention may further include: a determining module 730, configured to: when the searching module 715 does not find the visited website in the website key value table When the key value of the server certificate corresponds to the website name, the format type of the server certificate obtained by the parsing module 705 is determined, and the identification module 720 is triggered;
  • the identification module 720 is further configured to parse the server certificate of the visited website according to the certificate of the different format determined by the determining module 730 to identify the website accessed by the client.
  • the identification module 720 obtains the domain name of the website in the user attribute of the certificate, and according to the The domain name of the website identifies the website accessed by the client; if the format type of the server certificate of the website determined by the determining module 730 is a certificate of the PGP format, the identification module 720 obtains the website in the user identification attribute of the certificate. The domain name, and the website visited by the client is identified according to the domain name of the website.
  • the DPI device 70 provided by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention may further include: a traffic management module 735, configured to access data accessed by the client by the website accessed by the client according to the identification module 720. Flow management.
  • the traffic management module 735 can manage the network access behavior of the user according to the website accessed by the client and the preset control policy identified by the identification module 720, for example, according to the visited website.
  • the name and the default website package policy determine whether the billing management or billing traffic statistics of the client's traffic, or the access traffic of the client is controlled or filtered, and are not limited herein.
  • the DPI device in the embodiment of the present invention when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, can not analyze the website visited by the client through the preset website key value table, and can analyze the client through online analysis. Ask the way the website's server certificate to identify the website the client is visiting. This makes the identification of the website more comprehensive and the accuracy of the website identification is higher. Moreover, the DPI device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can timely manage the network access behavior of the user according to the identified website name when identifying the website accessed by the client, thereby providing the user with more timely, efficient, and finer. Network management.
  • the preset website key value table may be the domain name of the website that is specified in the user-prescribed package.
  • a key value of the server certificate when the search module 715 finds the key value of the server certificate of the website with the same key value of the server certificate of the visited website in the website key value table, indicating that the client accesses If the website is in the package, the traffic management module 735 may perform the charging flow statistics without accessing the client's access, and directly release the data.
  • the searching module 715 does not find the server certificate of the visited website in the website key value table.
  • the client accesses the website in the package, so that the traffic management module 735 can perform timely traffic statistics on the client's access traffic, and report the statistics traffic to the client.
  • the billing server performs billing.
  • the search module 715 does not find the key value of the server certificate of the website with the same key value of the server certificate of the visited website in the website key value table
  • the judgment module 730 does not need to be triggered.
  • the identification module 720 analyzes the server certificate of the website to obtain the domain name of the website accessed by the user, and can directly control and manage the traffic of the client.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a network system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the network system includes: a client 100, a deep packet detection DP I device 110, and at least one website server 120, where the DPI is The device is deployed in a communication link between the client 100 and the network server 120, where:
  • the client 100 is configured to send an HTTPS protocol-based access request to the at least one website server 120, and perform key agreement with the at least one website server 120.
  • the deep packet detection DPI device 110 is configured to acquire an authentication message of the client and the server of the website during a key agreement process when the client accesses the website through the hypertext secure transfer protocol HTTPS, by parsing the The authentication message obtains the server certificate of the website accessed by the client, according to a preset calculation Obtaining a key value of the server certificate, and searching, according to a key value of the server certificate, in a website key value table, where the website key value table records a website name and a key value of a website server certificate, where The key value of the server certificate of the website in the website key value table is obtained according to the preset algorithm, and if the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is found in the website key value table, Identifying the website visited by the client according to the website name;
  • the website server 120 is configured to receive a network access request sent by the client 100, and perform key negotiation with the client according to the network access request.
  • the DPI device 110 is further configured to determine, if the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate is not found in the website key value table, determine a format type of the server certificate.
  • the format type of the server certificate is the X.509 format, obtaining the domain name of the website in the user attribute of the server certificate, and identifying the website accessed by the client according to the domain name of the website;
  • the format of the server certificate is in the PGP format
  • the domain name of the website is obtained in the user identifier attribute of the server certificate, and the website accessed by the client is identified according to the domain name of the website.
  • the DPI device 110 is further configured to manage the data stream accessed by the client according to the identified website name accessed by the client.
  • the server certificate of the website accessed by the client is obtained, and the key value of the server certificate is obtained according to a preset algorithm, and the key value obtained is obtained.
  • a lookup is made in the website key value table to determine the name of the website visited by the user by the website name corresponding to the key value of the server certificate found in the website key value table. Therefore, when the client accesses the website through the HTTPS protocol, the name of the website accessed by the user can also be recognized.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the modules is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple modules or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interface, device or module, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical units, i.e., may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to implement the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种网站识别方法、装置及网络系统,其中,所述网站识别方法在客户端通过HTTPS协议访问网站时,通过获取并解析客户端和服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息获得所述访问的网站的服务器证书,根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值,并根据所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称,则根据所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。该网站识别方法在客户端通过HTTPS协议访问网站时也能识别出用户访问的网站名称。

Description

一种网站识别方法、 装置及网络系统
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种网站识别方法、 装置及网络系统。 背景技术 在现有的网络运营过程中, 为了对用户的网络访问行为进行管理, 例如, 对 用户访问的网站进行过滤、根据用户访问的网站进行计费或实现运营商推出的各 种网站套餐业务等等, 需要能够识别用户访问的网站。 当用户通过超文本传送协 议(hyper text t ranspor t protoco l , HTTP )访问网站时, 由于 4艮文是明文传输, 因此可以通过分析用户的 ht tp^艮文的内容识别出用户所访问的网站, 然而, 当用 户通过超文本安全传送协议( Hyper text Transfer Protoco l Secure , HTTPS ) 访问网站时, 由于应用层报文被封装在加密的传输隧道中, 因此, 无法从用户访 问网站的 ·ί艮文中识别出用户所访问的网站。 发明内容
本发明实施例中提供的一种网站识别方法、装置及网络系统, 能够在用户通 过 HTTPS协议访问网站时识别出用户访问的网站。
第一方面, 本发明实施例提供一种网站识别方法, 包括:
当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS访问网站时, 获取所述客户端和所 述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息;
通过解析所述认证消息获得所述客户端访问的网站的服务器证书; 根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值;
根据所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,所述网站关键值 表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的关键值,其中所述网站关键值表中的 网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设的算法获得的;
如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站 名称, 则才 居所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述网站识别方法还包括: 如果在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的 网站名称, 则判断所述服务器证书的格式类型;
如果所述服务器证书的格式类型为 X. 509格式, 则在所述服务器证书的使用 者属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网 站;
如果所述服务器证书的格式类型为 PGP格式, 则在所述服务器证书的用户标 识属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网 站。
结合第一方面, 在第一方面的第二种可能的实施方式中, 所述方法还包括: 如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站 名称, 则不对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计;
如果在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的 网站名称, 则对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能实现的方式或第一方面的第二种可 能实现的方式,在第三种可能实现的方式中, 所述获取客户端和服务器在密钥协 商过程中的认证消息包括:
监听所述客户端和所述服务器在密钥协商过程中的报文;
根据所述 4艮文中的 HandshakeType字段识别所述认证消息。
第二方面, 本发明实施例提供一种深度包检测设备, 包括:
获取模块, 用于当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS访问网站时, 获取 所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息;
解析模块,用于通过解析所述获取模块获取的所述认证消息获得所述客户端 访问的网站的服务器证书;
计算模块, 用于根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值;
查找模块,用于根据所述计算模块获得的所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关 键值表中进行查找,所述网站关键值表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的 关键值,其中所述网站关键值表中的网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设 的算法获得的;
识别模块,如果所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证 书的关键值对应的网站名称, 则才 居所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述深度包检测设备还包括: 设置模块, 用于接收并存储管理服务器发送的所述网站关键值表,其中所述 网站关键值表中包含有至少一个网站的网站名称以及网站的服务器证书的关键 值。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在所述第二方面的第二 种可能的实现方式中, 所述深度包检测设备还包括:
判断模块,用于当所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服 务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称时,判断所述解析模块获得的所述服务器证书 的格式类型, 并触发所述识别模块;
所述识别模块,还用于当所述判断模块判断所述网站的服务器证书的格式类 型为 X. 509格式时, 在所述证书的使用者属性中获得所述网站的域名, 并根据所 述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网站;当所述判断模块判断所述网站的服务 器证书的格式类型为 PGP格式时, 在所述证书的用户标识属性中获得所述网站的 域名, 并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网站。
结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在第二方面的第三种可 能的实现方式中, 所述深度包检测设备还包括:
流量管理模块,用于当所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服 务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称时, 不对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计; 当 所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对 应的网站名称时, 对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式、第二方面的第二种可能 的实现方式或第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式,在第二方面的第四种可能的实 现方式中,所述获取模块具体用于监听所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协 商过程中的 ·ί艮文, 并根据所述 ·ί艮文中的 HandshakeType字段识别所述认证消息。
第三方面, 本发明实施例提供一种网络系统, 包括客户端、 至少一个网站服 务器以及上述任意一种实现方式提供的深度包检测设备, 其中: 所述客户端, 用于向所述至少一个网站服务器发送基于 HTTPS协议的访问请 求, 与所述至少一个网站服务器进行密钥协商;
所述网站服务器, 用于接收所述客户端发送的网络访问请求, 并根据所述网 络访问请求与所述客户端进行密钥协商。
本发明实施例中提供的网站识别方法,在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 通过获取客户端访问的网站的服务器证书,根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书 的关键值, 并将获得的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,通过在该网站关键值 表中查找到的与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称来识别客户端访问的 网站, 从而在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时也能识别出客户端访问的网站。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述中 的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创 造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例中提供的一种网站识别方法的应用场景图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的一种网站识别方法的流程图;
图 3为本发明实施例提供的又一种网站识别方法的流程图;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的客户端与网站的服务器进行密钥协商的信令图; 图 5为本发明实施例提供的一种网站识别方法中的服务器证书分析方法的 流程图;
图 6为本发明实施例提供的一种深度包检测设备的物理结构示意图; 图 7为本发明实施例提供的又一种深度包检测设备的结构示意图; 图 8为本发明实施例提供的一种网站识别系统的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案, 下面将结合本发明实施 例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描 述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中 的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例, 都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
如图 1所示, 图 1为本发明实施例的一种应用场景, 在图 1所述的一种应 用场景中, 其中, 客户端 100 通过超文本安全传送协议 ( Hyper text Transfer Protoco l Secure , HTTPS )访问网站。 网关设备 105 能够对客户端 100的网络 访问行为进行网络接入控制。 深度包检测 ( Deep Packet Inspect ion, DPI )设 备 110能够对客户端 100的网络访问行为进行基于应用层的流量检测和控制, 可用于检测、 分析客户端 100 的网络访问流量, 并能够实现策略及计费执行功 能 ( Po l icy and Charg ing Enforcement Funct ion, PCEF ), 及向在线计费系统 ( Onl ine Charg ing Sys tem , OCS ) 115 请求该用户的流量配额并上 4艮客户端 100的流量, 以使 0CS能够根据客户端 100的访问流量对用户进行计费。 其中, DPI设备 110部署于网关设备 105的下行链路中,客户端 100访问网站的数据包 经过网关设备和 DP I设备到达待访问的网站服务器 120 , DPI设备 110对客户端 100的流量进行分析以识别客户端 110访问的网站,并根据识别出的网站对客户 端 100的网络访问行为进行控制, 例如, 若某用户参加了计费套餐业务, 则 DP I 设备 110根据策略与计费规则功能(Po l icy and Charg ing Rules Funct ion, PCRF ) 设备 125对该用户设定的套餐计费策略对该用户的客户端 100的访问流量进行 计费管理。 如果该客户端 100访问的网站是套餐内的网站, 则 DPI设备 110不 对该客户端 100的网络流量进行流量统计, 如果该客户端 100访问的网站不是 套餐内的网站, 则 DPI设备 110会对该客户端 100的网络访问流量进行流量统 计,并将客户端 100的流量统计结果上 4艮给在线计费系统 115以进行计费处理。 可以理解的是, 本应用场景下根据识别出的网站对客户端 100 的网络访问行为 进行计费管理只是对客户端 100 的网络行为的一种管理, 实际应用中, 还可以 才艮据识别出的网站对用户进行流量控制或过滤等等。
可以理解的是,客户端 100可以是手机、计算机等能够实现网络访问的设备, 网关设备 105可以是网关 GPRS支持节点 ( Ga teway GPRS Suppor t Node , GGSN )或 分组数据网关(Packet Da ta Ga teway, PDG)等, 在此不做限定。 图 2为本发明实施例提供的一种网站识别方法的流程图,该方法应用于客户 端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站的场景中,可以由图 1中的 DPI设备 110来执行,该方法 包括:
步骤 200, 当客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 获取所述客户端和所述网 站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息, 进入步骤 205;
结合图 1所示, 当客户端 100通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 客户端 100与访问 的网站服务器 120会进行密钥协商, 该密钥协商过程可以根据安全传输层 (Transport Layer Security, TLS )协议进行, 其中, TLS协议是在互联网上 提供保密安全通道的加密协议, 所述服务器证书是所述服务器从认证授权 (Certificate Authority, CA ) 中心申请的一个用于证明服务器用途类型的证 书, 该证书只有用于对应的服务器的时候, 客户端才信任此服务器。 由于 DPI设 备 110部署于网关设备 105的下行链路中, DPI设备 110可以监听获取客户端 100和 网站服务器 120在密钥协商过程中的认证 Ce r t i f i c a t e消息,
步骤 205 ,通过解析所述认证消息获得所述客户端访问的网站的服务器证书, 进入步骤 210;
在有些情况下, 如果获取的 Cert if icate消息中 包含有证书链 Certif icateList,则可以通过提取所述认证消息中的证书链 Cer t i f i ca t eL i s t部 分的第一个证书获得所述访问的网站的服务器证书。
步骤 210, 根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值, 进入步骤 215; 在本发明实施例中, 可以通过预先设置的算法来计算所述服务器证书的内 容获得所述服务器证书的关键值, 例如,可以釆用数字摘要算法计算所述服务器 证书的内容获得所述服务器证书的关键值, 其中数字摘要算法可以釆用信息-摘 要算法 5 (Message-Digest Algorithm, MD5 )算法、安全算列算法 SHA-1以及 RACE 原始完整性校验消息摘要 ( RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest, RIPEMD)等算法, 在此不做限定。
步骤 215, 根据所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找, 所述 网站关键值表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的关键值,其中所述网站关 键值表中的网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设的算法获得的,进入步骤 220;
在本发明实施例中, 可以在 DPI设备中预先设置网站关键值表, 预设的网站 关键值表中记录有各网站名称及网站的服务器证书的关键值,其中,该网站关键 值表中的服务器证书的关键值是根据与步骤 210中釆用的相同的算法对各网站的 服务器证书的内容进行计算获得的, 比如说釆用相同的数字摘要算法。 例如, 如 果步骤 215中,预设的网站关键值表中的服务器证书的关键值是通过 MD5算法获得 的, 则在步骤 210中, 在用户访问网站时, 也需要通过 MD5算法计算用户访问的服 务器证书的关键值。 当然, 可以理解的是, 该网站关键值表也可以预设在其他设 备中, 只要 DPI设备能够访问即可。
步骤 220 ,如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对 应的网站名称, 则才 据所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
由于 MD5等数字摘要算法能够通过将原文信息经过哈希计算后获得一个数 字摘要(即哈希值, 也就是本实施例中的关键值), 因此, 本发明实施例利用数 字摘要算法能够将不同的原文转换为不同的哈希值的特性,预先将需要识别的网 站的服务器证书的内容通过预设的数字摘要算法计算获得服务器证书的关键值, 并将获得的服务器证书的关键值以及该网站的名称对应存储于网站关键值表中, 当 DP I设备需要识别用户访问的网站时, 可以通过将用户访问的数据流中获取的 服务器证书的关键值与预设的服务器证书的关键值进行比较,如果在该网站关键 值表中查找到与客户端访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站的服务器 证书的关键值,则可以根据网站关键值表获得与服务证书的关键值对应的网站的 名称。
本发明实施例中提供的网站识别方法,在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 通过获取客户端访问的网站的服务器证书,根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书 的关键值, 并将获得的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,通过在该网站关键值 表中查找到的与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称来识别客户端访问的 网站, 从而在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时也能识别出客户端访问的网站。 图 3为本发明实施例提供的又一种网站识别方法的流程图,该方法应用于客 户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站的场景中,可以由图 1中的 DPI设备 110来执行,如图 3所示, 该方法包括:
步骤 300 , 接收并存储管理服务器发送的网站关键值表, 其中所述网站关键 值表中包含有至少一个网站的网站名称以及网站的服务器证书的关键值,进入步 骤 305 ;
在实际应用中, 可以由管理服务器预先获取至少一个网站的服务器证书, 根据预设的数字摘要算法计算所述获取的至少一个网站的服务器证书的关键值, 将计算获得的服务器证书的关键值与网站名称记录在网站关键值表中,并将该网 站关键值表发送给 DPI设备。
具体的, 管理服务器可以预先获取需要关注的网站的服务器证书, 例如, 在需要对用户流量进行计费管理时,可以预先获取网站套餐中规定的可访问的网 站的服务器证书, 例如 Facebook、 YouTube等网站的服务器证书, 还可以根据需 要预先获取需要控制访问的网站的服务器证书, 具体可以根据需要来进行设定, 在此不做限定。并且,管理服务器可以通过预先通过浏览器访问需要关注的网站, 将该网站的服务器证书下载到本地, 再通过预设的算法(例如, MD5算法)对下 载的服务器证书进行计算获取的服务器证书的关键值,得到网站关键值表。其中, 网站关键值表的形式可以如下表一所示:
Figure imgf000010_0001
表一 网站关键值表
可以理解的是, 当网站的服务器证书有更新、 需要新增或删除需要关注的 网站时, 需要及时更新预设的网站关键值表, 具体的, 当关注的网站的服务器证 书有更新时,可以根据更新后的网站服务器证书及时更新网站关键值表中的服务 器证书的关键值; 当需要新增关注的网站时,根据新增的网站的服务器证书增加 网站关键值表中的服务器证书的关键值及网站名称;或者当需要减少需关注的网 站时,可以删除网站关键值表中与该需要删除的网站名称对应的服务器证书的关 键值。
步骤 305 , 获取客户端和服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息, 所述认证消 息中携带有客户端访问的网站的服务器证书, 进入步骤 310;
结合图 1所示, 当客户端 100通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 由于 DPI设备 110部 署于网关设备 105的下行链路中, DP I设备可以监听获取客户端 100和网站服务器 120在密钥协商过程中的认证消息, 其中该认证消息中携带有客户端访问的网站 的服务器证书。 具体的, 客户端与服务器基于 TLS协议的密钥协商过程具体的可 以如图 4所示, 该密钥协商过程可以包括:
步骤 400, 客户端向要访问的网站的服务器发送密钥协商请求消息 ClientHello, 进入步骤 405;
在 ClientHello消息中, 客户端将其能够支持的加密方式通知服务器, 进入 步骤 405。
步骤 405, 所述服务器向所述客户端返回密钥协商响应消息 ServerHello, 进入步骤 410;
接收到 ClientHello消息的服务器会向客户端返回一个 ServerHello消息, 在 ServerHello消息中指定釆用客户端能够支持的加密方式中的一种加密方式。
步骤 410, 所述服务器向所述客户端发送认证 Certificate消息, 在所述 Ce r t i f i c a t e消息中包含有所述服务器的服务器证书, 进入步骤 415;
服务器在向客户端发送 ServerHello消息后,会接着发送 Certificate消息, 在所述 Cer t i f i ca t e消息中会包含有所述服务器的服务器证书, 以使所述客户端 对所述服务器证书进行验证。 其中, 所述服务器证书是所述服务器从认证授权 (Certificate Authority, CA ) 中心申请的一个用于证明服务器用途类型的证 书, 该证书只有用于对应的服务器的时候, 客户端才信任此服务器。 其中, Certificate消息的格式可以如下表二所述:
CertificateList I
Length Hi Hmidsh^ceType Length
ContentType Version Length Lo
TCP IP
Frame |
表二 Certificate消息格式
其中, HandshakeType字段的值为 11表示该消息为 Certificate消息。
需要说明的是,通常 Certificate消息中会包含有证书链 CertificateList, 证书链中可以包含有多个证书,在这多个证书中, 列在后面的证书用于验证列在 前面的证书是否为通过权威机构认证的证书,例如:当通过 HTTPS访问谷歌 google 网站时,会获取到多个证书,其中最一个证书的是 goog le的服务器证书,后面的证 书可能是某个认证机构的证书,认证机构的证书用来证明 google的服务器证书为 合法证书。 因此, 当获得证书链 CertificateList时, 则第一个证书为要访问的 网站的服务器证书。
步骤 415, 在所述客户端对所述服务器的服务器证书验证通过后, 所述客户 端向所述服务器发送密钥交换 ClientKeyExchange消息, 其中所述 ClientKeyExchange消息中包含釆用服务器的公钥进行加密的密钥,进入步骤 420; 步骤 420, 所述客户端向所述服务器发送密钥协商完成 Finished消息, 表示 协商完成, 进入步骤 425;
步骤 425, 所述服务器向所述客户端返回密钥协商完成 Finished消息, 表示 协商完成, 进入步骤 430;
步骤 430 , 所述客户端和所述服务器进行数据报文的交互, 其中所述数据报 文为经过所述协商的密钥加密的数据 4艮文。
可以理解的是, DPI设备还可以以旁路部署的方式部署于网络链路中,当 DPI 设备以旁路方式部署时, 可以通过镜像或抄送等方式获得客户端 100与网站服务 器 120在密钥协商过程中的协商报文, 从而获得客户端 100和网站服务器 120在密 钥协商过程中的认证消息。
步骤 310, 通过解析所述认证消息获得所述访问的网站的服务器证书, 进入 步骤 315;
步骤 315, 根据预设的算法获得所述访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值, 进 入步骤 320;
具体地, 可以通过预先设置的算法来计算所述服务器证书的内容获得所述 服务器证书的关键值, 例如,可以釆用数字摘要算法计算所述服务器证书的内容 获得所述服务器证书的关键值, 其中数字摘要算法可以包括 MD5或 SHA-1等算法, 其中,本步骤釆用的算法需要与管理服务器预设网站关键值表时釆用的算法相同。
步骤 320, 根据所述服务器证书的关键值在所述网站关键值表中进行查找, 进入步骤 325;
步骤 325 ,判断是否在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键 值对应的网站名称,如果查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称, 则 进入步骤 330, 否则进入步骤 335; 步骤 330, 根据所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站, 进入步骤 340; 步骤 335 , 分析所述网站的服务器证书, 获得所述用户访问的网站的域名, 并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网站, 进入步骤 340;
若根据获得的网站的服务器证书的关键值没有在预设的网站关键值表中查 找到相同的服务器证书的关键值,在某些情况下, 为了识别客户端访问的网站的 名称, 可以通过在线分析步骤 310中获得的所述访问的网站的服务器证书来识别 客户端访问的网站的名称, 具体的分析方法可以如图 5所示, 包括:
步骤 505, 判断所述访问的网站的服务器证书的格式类型, 如果所述访问的 网站的服务器证书为 X.509格式的服务器证书, 则进入步骤 510,如果所述访问的 网站的服务器证书为 PGP格式的服务器证书, 则进入步骤 520;
本领域人员可以知道, 当前 TLS协议支持的服务器证书包括两种格式的服务 器证书, 一种是 X.509格式的服务器证书,另一种是 PGP格式的服务器证书。 在具 体分析服务器证书时, 需要先识别出步骤 310中获得的服务器证书的格式类型, 再根据不同格式类型的证书的数据结构对该服务器证书进行具体分析。 具体的, 在协商过程中 , 可以通过 ClientHello消息和 ServerHello消息中的 CertificateType字段来协商服务器证书的格式,如果 Cert if icateType字段为 0, 表示服务器证书为 X.509格式的服务器证书, 如果 CertificateType字段为 1, 表 示服务器证书为 PGP格式的证书。 其中, X.509是被广泛使用的数字证书标准, 是 由国际电联电信委员会(ITU-T) 为单点登录(Single Sign-on, SSO )和授权 管理基础设施 ( Privilege Management Infrastructure, PMI )制定的公钥基础 设施 ( Public Key Infrastructure, PKI )标准; PGP ( Pretty Good Privacy, 更好的保护隐私)是一个基于 RSA公匙加密体系的邮件加密软件,它使用一对数学 上相关的钥匙,其中一个(公钥)用来加密信息, 另一个(私钥)用来解密信息。 PGP中的每个公钥和私钥都伴随着一个密钥证书,也就是 PGP格式的密钥证书,其 中 PGP格式包括开放的 Open PGP格式的证书。
步骤 510, 根据 X.509格式证书的数据结构解析所述访问的网站的服务器证 书, 获得所述服务器证书中的使用者属性, 进入步骤 515;
其中, X.509格式的证书中一般包含有:
Cert if icate证书; Vers ion 版本;
Serial Number 序列号;
Algorithm ID 算法标识;
Issuer 颁发者;
Validity有效期;
Subject 使用者;
Subject Public Key Info 使用者公钥信息;
Public Key Algorithm公钥算法;
Subject Public Key公钥;
Certificate Signature Algorithm证书签名算法;
Certificate Signature 证书签名等信息。
其中, "Subject 使用者" 属性中具有网站的域名信息。 因此, 若步骤 310 中获得的访问的网站的服务器证书为 X.509格式的证书,则可以根据 X.509格式的 证书的数字结构获得该证书的 Subject使用者属性。 当然可以理解的是, 在确定 服务器证书的数字格式时,还需要确定该证书釆用的版本,按照不同的版本格式 解析证书。
步骤 515, 通过解析所述使用者属性, 获得所述访问的网站的域名; 例如, 可以通过解析所述访问的服务器证书的 Subject使用者属性, 获得该 客户端访问的网站的域名, 例如, 在 X.509格式的服务器证书中, Subject属性的 格式可以为: www. f acebook. com。
步骤 520, 通过解析 PGP格式的证书获得用户标识属性, 进入步骤 525;
PGP的密钥证书一般包含以下内容:
密钥内容: 通常为用长达百位的大数字表示的密钥;
密钥类型: 表示该密钥为公钥还是私钥;
密钥长度: 用于表示密钥的长度, 通常以二进制位表示;
密钥编号: 用以唯一标识该密钥;
创建时间: 用于表示该证书创建的时间;
用户标识: 密钥创建人的信息, 如创建人的姓名、 电子邮件等; 密钥指紋: 为 128位的数字, 是密钥内容的提要表示密钥唯一的特征; 中介人签名: 中介人的数字签名, 声明该密钥及其所有者的真实性, 包括 中介人的密钥编号和标识信息。
其中, "用户标识"部分用于标识密钥创建人的信息, 这些信息可以用创建 人的姓名、 电子邮件等来表示, 因此, 如果网站的服务器证书是 PGP格式的密钥 证书, 则从服务器证书中的 "用户标识" 部分的信息中可以知道该网站的标识, 从而能够识别出用户访问的网站。
步骤 525 , 通过解析所述用户标识属性获得访问的网站的域名。
具体的, 在 PGP格式的服务器证书中, 网站的域名包含在用户标识属性中, 其中,用户标识可以是电子邮件地址、姓名等能够识别用户的标识。例如,在 PGP 格式的服务器证书中, 用户标识可以表示为: admini s t ra torafacebook. com。
步骤 340 ,根据识别出的所述客户端访问的网站对所述客户端访问的数据流 进行管理。
当识别出客户端访问的网站后, 可以根据识别出的该客户端访问的网站以 及预设的控制策略对用户的网络访问行为进行管理, 例如,可以根据访问的网站 的名称和预设的网站套餐策略确定是否需要对该客户端的流量进行计费管理,或 对客户端的访问流量进行控制或过滤等, 在此不做限定。
本发明实施例中的网站识别方法, 当客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 在 通过预设的网站关键值表无法识别出客户端访问的网站时,可以通过在线分析客 户端访问的网站的服务器证书的方式来识别客户端访问的网站。本发明实施例提 供的网站识别方法更加全面, 网站识别的准确性更高。 并且, 本发明实施例提供 的网站识别方法, 当识别出客户端访问的网站时,可以及时的根据识别出的网站 名称对用户的网络访问行为进行管理,从而能够为用户提供更加及时、 高效及精 细化的网络管理。
在一种应用场景下, 当使用本发明实施例所述的网站识别方法来对用户进 行流量计费管理时,预设的网站关键值表中可以是用户预定的套餐中规定可以访 问的网站的域名及服务器证书的关键值, 当在步骤 325中, 判断在所述网站关键 值表中查找到与所述访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站的服务器证 书的关键值时,说明该客户端访问的是套餐内的网站,可以不对客户端的访问进 行计费流量统计 , 当在步骤 325中,判断在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所 述访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站的服务器证书的关键值时,说明 客户端访问的不是套餐内的网站,从而可以直接对客户端的访问流量进行及时的 流量统计, 并将统计的流量上 4艮给计费服务器进行计费。 在这种应用场景下, 当 在步骤 325中, 没有在网站关键值表中查找到与该访问的网站的服务器证书的关 键值相同的网站的服务器证书的关键值时, 并不需要再进入步骤 335来通过分析 网站的服务器证书获得用户访问的网站的域名,而可以直接对客户端的流量进行 控制管理。本发明实施例提供的这种网站识别方法当应用于计费管理时,这种通 过比较服务器证书的关键值的方法获得客户端访问的网站名称,识别效率高,且 操作筒单,从而能对客户端的访问流量进行及时的控制管理,提高运营商的服务 质量。 图 6为本发明实施例提供的一种深度包检测(Deep Packet Inspect ion, DPI ) 设备的物理结构示意图, 如图 6所示, 所述 DPI设备 60包括:
处理器 (processor) 610, 通信接口 (Communications Interface) 620, 存储 器 (memory) 630, 通信总线 640。
处理器 610、 通信接口 620以及存储器 630通过通信总线 640完成相互间的 通信。
通信接口 620, 用于与网元通信, 比如网关设备、 在线计费系统 (Online Charging System , OCS )或管理服务器等。
处理器 610, 用于执行程序 632, 具体可以执行上述图 2至图 3所示的方法 实施例中的相关步骤。
具体地, 程序 632可以包括程序代码, 所述程序代码包括计算机操作指令。 处理器 610 可能是一个中央处理器 CPU, 或者是特定集成电路 ASIC ( Application Specific Integrated Circuit ), 或者是被配置成实施本发明实 施例的一个或多个集成电路。
存储器 630, 用于存放程序 632。 存储器 630可能包含高速 RAM存储器, 也 可能还包括非易失性存储器(non-volatile memory),例如至少一个磁盘存储器。
程序 632中各功能模块的具体实现可以参见下述图 7所述实施例中的相应模 块, 在此不再赘述。 图 7为本发明实施例提供的一种 DPI设备的结构示意图,如图 7所示, 所述 DPI设备 70包括:
获取模块 700, 用于当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS访问网站时,获 取所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息;
结合图 1所示, 当客户端 100通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时,客户端 100与访问的 网站的服务器 120会进行密钥协商, 该密钥协商过程可以根据安全传输层 (Transport Layer Security, TLS )协议进行, 其中, TLS协议是在互联网上 提供保密安全通道的加密协议, 所述服务器证书是所述服务器从认证授权 (Certificate Authority, CA ) 中心申请的一个用于证明服务器用途类型的证 书, 该证书只有用于对应的服务器的时候, 客户端才信任此服务器。 DPI设备中 的获取模块 700可以通过监听获取客户端和网站服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证 消息, 其中该认证消息中携带有客户端访问的网站的服务器证书。 具体的, 获取 模块 700可以通过监听所述客户端和所述服务器在密钥协商过程中的报文, 并根 据所述 4艮文中的 HandshakeType字段识别所述认证消息。
解析模块 705 ,用于通过解析所述获取模块 700获取的所述认证消息获得所述 客户端访问的网站的服务器证书;
在有些情况下, 如果获取的 Cert if icate消息中 包含有证书链 Certif icateList,则可以通过提取所述认证消息中的证书链 Cer t i f i ca t eL i s t部 分的第一个证书获得所述访问的网站的服务器证书。
计算模块 710 , 用于根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值; 本发明实施例中, 可以通过预先设置的算法来计算解析模块 705获得的所述 服务器证书的内容, 获得该服务器证书的关键值, 例如, 可以釆用数字摘要算法 计算所述服务器证书的内容得到该服务器证书的关键值,其中数字摘要算法可以 釆用信息-摘要算法 5 (Message-Digest Algorithm, MD5 ) 算法、 安全算列算法 SHA-1以及 RACE原始完整性校 -验消息摘要 ( RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest, RIPEMD )等算法, 在 α¾不丈限定。
查找模块 715 ,用于根据计算模块 710获得的所述服务器证书的关键值在网站 关键值表中进行查找,所述网站关键值表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书 的关键值,其中所述网站关键值表中的网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预 设的算法获得的;
在本发明实施例中, 可以在 DPI设备中预先设置网站关键值表, 其中, 网站 关键值表中的服务器证书的关键值是釆用与计算模块 710计算时釆用的算法相同 的算法, 比如说釆用相同的数字摘要算法。 例如, 如果预设的网站关键值表中的 服务器证书的关键值是通过 MD5算法获得的, 则在用户访问网站时,计算模块 710 也需要通过 MD5算法计算用户访问的服务器证书的关键值。当然,可以理解的是, 该网站关键值表也可以预设在其他设备中, 只要 DPI设备能够访问即可。
识别模块 720 ,如果查找模块 715在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器 证书的关键值对应的网站名称,则根据所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
由于 MD5等数字摘要算法能够通过将原文信息经过哈希计算后获得一个数字 摘要(即哈希值, 也就是本实施例中的关键值), 因此, 本发明实施例利用数字 摘要算法能够将不同的原文转换为不同的哈希值的特性,预先将需要识别的网站 的服务器证书的内容通过预设的数字摘要算法计算获得服务器证书的关键值,并 将获得的服务器证书的关键值以及该网站的名称对应存储于网站关键值表中,当 DP I设备需要识别用户访问的网站时,可以通过查找模块 715将用户访问的数据流 中获取的服务器证书的关键值与预设的服务器证书的关键值进行比较,如果在该 网站关键值表中查找到与客户端访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站 的服务器证书的关键值, 则识别模块 720可以根据网站关键值表获得与服务证书 的关键值对应的网站的名称。
本发明实施例中的 DPI设备, 在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 通过获 取客户端访问的网站的服务器证书,根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键 值, 并将获得的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,从而通过在该网站关键值表 中查找到的与所述关键值对应的网站名称来识别用户访问的网站的名称。从而在 客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时也能识别出用户访问的网站名称。
在另一种情形下, 本发明实施例提供的 DPI设备 70还可以包括:
设置模块 725 , 用于接收并存储管理服务器发送的网站关键值表, 其中所述 网站关键值表中包含有至少一个网站的网站名称以及网站的服务器证书的关键 值, 所述网站关键值表中网站的服务器证书的关键值根据所述预设的算法获得。 可以理解的是, 当网站的服务器证书有更新、需要新增或删除需要关注的网 站时, 设置模块 725需要及时更新预设的网站关键值表, 具体的, 当关注的网站 的服务器证书有更新时, 设置模块 725可以根据更新后的网站服务器证书及时更 新网站关键值表中的服务器证书的关键值; 当需要新增关注的网站时,设置模块 725可以根据新增的网站的服务器证书增加网站关键值表中的服务器证书的关键 值及网站名称; 或者当需要减少需关注的网站时, 设置模块 725可以删除网站关 键值表中与该需要删除的网站名称对应的服务器证书的关键值。
在又一种情形下, 本发明上述实施例提供的 DPI设备 70还可以包括: 判断模块 730 ,用于当所述查找模块 715在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与 所述访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称时, 判断所述解析模块 705获得的所述服务器证书的格式类型, 并触发所述识别模块 720;
所述识别模块 720,还用于根据判断模块 730判断的不同格式的证书对所述访 问的网站的服务器证书进行解析来识别客户端访问的网站。
具体的,如果判断模块 730判断的所述网站的服务器证书的格式类型是 X. 509 格式的证书, 则识别模块 720在所述证书的使用者属性中获得所述网站的域名 , 并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网站; 如果判断模块 730判断的所 述网站的服务器证书的格式类型是 PGP格式的证书,则识别模块 720在所述证书的 用户标识属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访 问的网站。
在又一种情形下, 本发明上述实施例提供的 DPI设备 70还可以包括: 流量管理模块 735 ,用于根据识别模块 720识别出的所述客户端访问的网站对 所述客户端访问的数据流进行管理。
当识别出客户端访问的网站后,流量管理模块 735可以根据识别模块 720识别 出的该客户端访问的网站以及预设的控制策略对用户的网络访问行为进行管理, 例如,可以根据访问的网站的名称和预设的网站套餐策略确定是否需要对该客户 端的流量进行计费管理或计费流量统计,或对客户端的访问流量进行控制或过滤 等, 在此不做限定。
本发明实施例中的 DPI设备, 当客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时,在通过预 设的网站关键值表无法识别出客户端访问的网站时,可以通过在线分析客户端访 问的网站的服务器证书的方式来识别客户端访问的网站。使得对网站的识别更加 全面, 网站识别的准确性更高。 并且, 本发明实施例提供的 DPI设备, 当识别出 客户端访问的网站时,可以及时的根据识别出的网站名称对用户的网络访问行为 进行管理, 从而能够为用户提供更加及时、 高效及精细化的网络管理。
在一种应用场景下, 当使用本发明实施例所述的 DPI设备来对用户进行流量 计费管理时,预设的网站关键值表中可以是用户预定的套餐中规定可以访问的网 站的域名及服务器证书的关键值, 当查找模块 715在所述网站关键值表中查找到 与所述访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站的服务器证书的关键值时, 说明该客户端访问的是套餐内的网站, 则流量管理模块 735可以不对客户端的访 问进行计费流量统计, 而直接放行; 当查找模块 715在所述网站关键值表中没有 查找到与所述访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站的服务器证书的关 键值时, 说明客户端访问的不是套餐内的网站, 从而流量管理模块 735可以直接 对客户端的访问流量进行及时的流量统计,并将统计的流量上报给计费服务器进 行计费。 在这种应用场景下, 当查找模块 715没有在网站关键值表中查找到与该 访问的网站的服务器证书的关键值相同的网站的服务器证书的关键值时,并不需 要再触发判断模块 730和识别模块 720来分析网站的服务器证书获得用户访问的 网站的域名, 而可以直接对客户端的流量进行控制管理。本发明实施例提供的这 种 DP I设备当应用于计费管理时,该 DP I设备可以通过比较服务器证书的关键值来 获得客户端访问的网站名称, 识别效率高, 且操作筒单, 从而能对客户端的访问 流量进行及时的控制管理, 提高运营商的服务盾量。 图 8为本发明实施例提供的一种网络系统的结构示意图, 如图 8所示, 所述 网络系统包括:客户端 100、深度包检测 DP I设备 110以及至少一个网站服务器 120 , 所述 DPI设备直路部署于客户端 100与网络服务器 120的通信链路中, 其中,:
所述客户端 100 ,用于向所述至少一个网站服务器 120发送基于 HTTPS协议的 访问请求, 与所述至少一个网站服务器 120进行密钥协商;
所述深度包检测 DPI设备 110, 用于当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS 访问网站时,获取所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息, 通过解析所述认证消息获得所述客户端访问的网站的服务器证书,根据预设的算 法获得所述服务器证书的关键值,并根据所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关键值 表中进行查找,所述网站关键值表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的关键 值,其中所述网站关键值表中的网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设的算 法获得的,如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的 网站名称, 则才 据所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站;
所述网站服务器 120 , 用于接收客户端 100发送的网络访问请求, 并根据所 述网络访问请求与所述客户端进行密钥协商。
在另一种情况下, 所述 DPI设备 110 ,还用于如果在所述网站关键值表中没有 查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称,则判断所述服务器证书的格 式类型, 当所述服务器证书的格式类型为 X. 509格式时, 在所述服务器证书的使 用者属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的 网站; 当所述服务器证书的格式类型为 PGP格式时, 在所述服务器证书的用户标 识属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网 站。
在又一种情况下, 所述 DPI设备 110 ,还用于根据识别出的所述客户端访问的 网站名称对所述客户端访问的数据流进行管理。
具体的, 本发明实施例中的 DP I设备 110的详细描述可以参见前述相关实施 例, 在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例中的网络系统, 在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时, 能够通 过获取客户端访问的网站的服务器证书,根据预设的算法获得服务器证书的关键 值, 并将获得的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,从而通过在该网站关键值表 中查找到的与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称来确定用户访问的网站 的名称。 从而在客户端通过 HTTPS协议访问网站时也能识别出用户访问的网站名 称。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解:实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以 通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成,前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介 盾中, 该程序在执行时, 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤; 而前述的存储介盾包 括: R0M、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介盾。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到, 为描述的方便和筒洁,上述描述的 设备和模块的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程描述,在此 不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中, 应该理解到, 所揭露的设备和方法, 可以 通过其它的方式实现。 例如, 以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的, 例如, 所述模块的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式, 例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个设备中,或一些特征可以忽 略, 或不执行。 另一点, 所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接 可以是通过一些通信接口, 装置或模块的间接耦合或通信连接, 可以是电性, 机 械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为模 块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元, 即可以位于一个地方,或者也可 以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部,模块 来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另夕卜,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中,也 可以是各个模块单独物理存在, 也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。 最后应说明的是: 以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对其限制; 尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当 理解: 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分 或者全部技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并不使相应技术方案的 本盾脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种网站识别方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS访问网站时, 获取所述客户端和所 述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息;
通过解析所述认证消息获得所述客户端访问的网站的服务器证书; 根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值;
根据所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,所述网站关键值 表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的关键值,其中所述网站关键值表中的 网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设的算法获得的;
如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站 名称, 则才 居所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的网站识别方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 如果在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的 网站名称, 则判断所述服务器证书的格式类型;
如果所述服务器证书的格式类型为 X. 509格式, 则在所述服务器证书的使用 者属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网 站;
如果所述服务器证书的格式类型为 PGP格式, 则在所述服务器证书的用户标 识属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网 站。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的网站识别方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站 名称, 则不对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计;
如果在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的 网站名称, 则对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计。
4、根据权利要求 1-3任意一项所述的网站识别方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取 客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息包括:
监听所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的报文; 根据所述 4艮文中的 HandshakeType字段识别所述认证消息。
5、根据权利要求 1-4任意一项所述的网站识别方法, 其特征在于: 所述预设 的算法包括 MD5算法或 SHA-1算法。
6、 一种深度包检测设备, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取模块, 用于当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS访问网站时, 获取 所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息;
解析模块,用于通过解析所述获取模块获取的所述认证消息获得所述客户端 访问的网站的服务器证书;
计算模块, 用于根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值;
查找模块,用于根据所述计算模块获得的所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关 键值表中进行查找,所述网站关键值表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的 关键值,其中所述网站关键值表中的网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设 的算法获得的;
识别模块,如果所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证 书的关键值对应的网站名称, 则才 居所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 设置模块, 用于接收并存储管理服务器发送的所述网站关键值表,其中所述 网站关键值表中包含有至少一个网站的网站名称以及网站的服务器证书的关键 值。
8、 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 判断模块,用于当所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服 务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称时,判断所述解析模块获得的所述服务器证书 的格式类型, 并触发所述识别模块;
所述识别模块,还用于当所述判断模块判断所述网站的服务器证书的格式类 型为 X. 509格式时, 在所述证书的使用者属性中获得所述网站的域名, 并根据所 述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网站;当所述判断模块判断所述网站的服务 器证书的格式类型为 PGP格式时, 在所述证书的用户标识属性中获得所述网站的 域名, 并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访问的网站。
9、 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 流量管理模块,用于当所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服 务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称时, 不对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计; 当 所述查找模块在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对 应的网站名称时, 对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计。
10、 根据权利要求 6-9任意一项所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于: 所述获取模块具体用于监听所述客户端和所述网站的服务器在密钥协商过 程中的 ·ί艮文, 并根据所述 ·ί艮文中的 HandshakeType字段识别所述认证消息。
11、 根据权利要求 6-10任意一项所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于: 所述预设的算法包括 MD5算法或 SHA-1算法。
12、 一种深度包检测设备, 其特征在于:
所述深度包检测设备包括处理器、 通信接口、 存储器和通信总线; 其中, 所述处理器和所述通信接口通过所述通信总线进行通信; 所述通信接口, 用于与进行通信;
所述存储器用于存储程序;
所述处理器用于执行所述程序, 以实现
当客户端通过超文本安全传送协议 HTTPS访问网站时, 获取所述客户端和所 述网站的服务器在密钥协商过程中的认证消息;
通过解析所述认证消息获得所述客户端访问的网站的服务器证书; 根据预设的算法获得所述服务器证书的关键值;
根据所述服务器证书的关键值在网站关键值表中进行查找,所述网站关键值 表中记录有网站名称及网站的服务器证书的关键值,其中所述网站关键值表中的 网站的服务器证书的关键值是根据所述预设的算法获得的;
如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站 名称, 则才 居所述网站名称识别所述客户端访问的网站。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于:
所述处理器,还用于当在所述网站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书 的关键值对应的网站名称时, 判断所述网站的服务器证书的格式类型;
如果所述网站的服务器证书的格式类型为 X. 509格式, 则在所述服务器证书 的使用者属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访 问的网站; 如果所述网站的服务器证书的格式类型为 PGP格式, 则在所述服务器证书的 用户标识属性中获得所述网站的域名,并根据所述网站的域名识别所述客户端访 问的网站。
14、 根据权利要求 12或 1 3所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于: 所述处理器,还用于如果在所述网站关键值表中查找到与所述服务器证书的 关键值对应的网站名称, 则不对所述客户端的流量进行计费统计; 如果在所述网 站关键值表中没有查找到与所述服务器证书的关键值对应的网站名称,则对所述 客户端的流量进行计费统计。
15、 根据权利要求 12-14任意一项所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于, 所 述处理器具体用于监听所述客户端和所述服务器在密钥协商过程中的报文,并根 据所述 4艮文中的 HandshakeType字段识别所述认证消息。
16、 根据权利要求 12-1 5任意一项所述的深度包检测设备, 其特征在于: 所 述预设的算法包括 MD5算法或 SHA-1算法。
17、一种网络系统, 其特征在于, 包括客户端、 至少一个网站服务器以及如 权利要求 6-11任意一项所述的深度包检测设备, 其中:
所述客户端, 用于向所述至少一个网站服务器发送基于 HTTPS协议的访问请 求, 与所述至少一个网站服务器进行密钥协商;
所述网站服务器, 用于接收所述客户端发送的网络访问请求, 并根据所述网 络访问请求与所述客户端进行密钥协商。
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