WO2014121560A1 - 一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置 - Google Patents

一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014121560A1
WO2014121560A1 PCT/CN2013/074762 CN2013074762W WO2014121560A1 WO 2014121560 A1 WO2014121560 A1 WO 2014121560A1 CN 2013074762 W CN2013074762 W CN 2013074762W WO 2014121560 A1 WO2014121560 A1 WO 2014121560A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
intermodulation
power
intermodulation cancellation
cancellation
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PCT/CN2013/074762
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟庆南
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Wuhan Fingu Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan Fingu Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP13874802.5A priority Critical patent/EP2955862B1/en
Priority to KR1020157024400A priority patent/KR101702094B1/ko
Publication of WO2014121560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014121560A1/zh
Priority to US14/819,460 priority patent/US20150349819A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
    • H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0475—Circuits with means for limiting noise, interference or distortion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of communications.
  • the present invention relates to an intermodulation cancellation device for a passive device. Background technique
  • Passive components such as transmit filters, duplexers, combiners, and power splitters are widely used in antenna feeder systems.
  • the antenna feeder system is often used to share the antenna after combining the receiving path and the transmitting path.
  • the signal power of the transmit path is much larger than the receive path, and the transmitted signal passes through the passive nonlinear device to generate a higher level of intermodulation signal.
  • the intermodulation signal falls into the receiving channel, forming intermodulation interference, which makes the antenna feeder system unable to work normally. Therefore, when the passive device is required to operate, the level of the passive intermodulation signal generated by the transmission channel is as low as possible, so that the intermodulation signal falls into the receiving channel and causes interference to the receiving channel.
  • the comparative document CN100490307C discloses a invention patent entitled "Signal Processing Circuit, Base Station and Method for Eliminating Intermodulation Products", which divides the original carrier of the input nonlinear unit into two paths and inputs two branches respectively, first
  • the path original carrier generates a processing signal including a first set of intermodulation products through a non-linear unit
  • the second original carrier passes through a splitter, a frequency multiplier, a mixer, and an adjustment circuit to generate a second set of high-order intermodulation products.
  • the control signal, and finally the two signals are superimposed. It uses the second set of high-order intermodulation products to have the same frequency as the first set of intermodulation products, with similar amplitudes and opposite phases, canceling the intermodulation signals.
  • the technical solution has the following disadvantages: 1.
  • the technical solution is not applicable to passive devices, and it does not consider the difference of intermodulation values at different positions inside the nonlinear unit. This difference is obvious for passive devices, in passive circuits.
  • the amplitude attenuation and phase change of the transmitted signal are very large.
  • the intermodulation signal generated at the front end of the circuit is greatly attenuated during signal transmission, and the intermodulation signal outputted by the circuit only contains The intermodulation signal generated at the end of the circuit. Therefore, for the duplexer, if the signal is taken from the front end of the nonlinear unit, the generated intermodulation cancellation signal cannot cancel the intermodulation signal of the antenna port; 2.
  • the generated intermodulation cancellation signal that is, the second set of high-order intermodulation products, is limited to a fixed-order intermodulation product, which can only eliminate the intermodulation signal of the nonlinear unit in the corresponding frequency band, and has limitations.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an intermodulation cancellation device that is simple in structure and convenient to operate for passive devices in order to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art. It enables the intermodulation of passive components to be cancelled throughout the operating frequency band.
  • An intermodulation cancellation device for a passive device comprising a power coupler, an adjustment module and a nonlinear device, wherein the intermodulation cancellation device input and output Sharing one port is called an input/output port, and the input/output port is located on one port of the power coupler;
  • the power coupler is coupled out from the transmitting signal of the passive device including the intermodulation signal via the input and output port a small part, the coupled transmit signal level value is much lower than before the coupling and the intermodulation signal is neglected;
  • the adjustment module and the nonlinear device respectively perform the first processing on the coupled transmit signal, after After the first processing, the first intermodulation cancellation signal is generated by the nonlinear device; after the first processed signal is reflected at the end of the intermodulation cancellation device, the non-linear device and the adjustment module respectively pass through the opposite Transmitting the coupled transmit signal and the first intermodulation cancellation signal generated by the nonlinear device for a second processing Generating a power
  • the intermodulation cancellation device is located at a passive device antenna port, and the power coupler is coupled to transmit signals from a passive device antenna port.
  • the power signal coupled to the antenna port and the excitation signal of the passive device generating the intermodulation signal have the same frequency to ensure that the intermodulation cancellation signal generated by the intermodulation cancellation device and the intermodulation signal in the passive device have the same frequency component. , to ensure that the signal is successfully offset.
  • a plurality of intermodulation cancellation means are provided at the same antenna port of the passive device to generate a superimposition effect on the intermodulation signals in the transmission signal.
  • a plurality of (including two or more) intermodulation cancellation devices respectively generate a plurality of intermodulation cancellation signals, and the plurality of intermodulation cancellation signals are superimposed to better cancel the intermodulation signals.
  • the power coupler is coupled to transmit signals from a passive device transmitting frequency band. It enables better coupling to the transmitted signal.
  • the coupling amount of the power coupler is between 16 and 60 dB. It does not affect the transmission of the main signal.
  • the non-linear device functions as: when the input power is 0.01 mW ⁇ 100 mW without DC bias, the intermodulation signal generated by the nonlinear device can reach the canceled signal Slightly high magnitude, the magnitude is 0.01 piva ⁇ 100 picowatts. It requires only a small amount of transmit and receive signals to generate an intermodulation cancellation signal.
  • the adjustment module includes a phase adjuster for adjusting a phase of the coupled transmit signal and a first intermodulation cancellation signal generated by the nonlinear device, and a power attenuator; The level of the transmitted signal after the coupling and the first intermodulation cancellation signal generated by the non-linear device are adjusted.
  • the intermodulation cancellation signal is at the same level as the intermodulation signal, and the phase is opposite.
  • the power coupler, the phase adjuster, the power attenuator and the non-linear generating device are electrically connected in sequence to form an intermodulation canceling device, and the end of the intermodulation canceling device is grounded or opened.
  • the transmitted signal can be reflected at the end of the intermodulation cancellation device after the first processing.
  • the second object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art, and to provide a duplexer including the above-mentioned intermodulation cancellation device, which can eliminate the passive intermodulation signal of the transmission path at the duplexer antenna port, and ensure The receiving and transmitting paths of the antenna feeder system work normally.
  • a duplexer including the above-mentioned intermodulation cancellation device, including a transmitting port, a receiving port, and an antenna port; and an intermodulation canceling device is provided at the antenna port,
  • the intermodulation cancellation device comprises a power coupler, an adjustment module and a non-linear generation device, wherein the intermodulation cancellation device input and output share a port, which is called an input/output port, and the input and output port is located at a port of the power coupler.
  • the power coupler is coupled to a small portion of the transmit signal including the intermodulation signal from the duplexer via the input/output port, and the coupled transmit signal level value is much lower than the pre-coupling and the mutual
  • the adjustment signal is negligible; the adjustment module and the nonlinear generation device respectively perform the first processing on the coupled transmission signal; after the first processing, the first intermodulation cancellation signal is generated by the nonlinear device, After the first processed signal is reflected at the end of the intermodulation cancellation device, the nonlinear device and the adjustment mode are again passed.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device is located at a duplexer antenna port, and the power coupler is coupled to transmit and receive signals from a duplexer antenna port.
  • a plurality of intermodulation cancellation means are provided at the same antenna port of the duplexer to generate a superposition effect on the intermodulation signals in the transmission signal.
  • the power coupler is coupled to transmit signals from a duplexer transmit frequency band.
  • the sum of the power couplers is between 16 and 60 dB.
  • the non-linear device functions as: when the input power is 0.01 mW ⁇ 100 mW without DC bias, the intermodulation signal generated by the nonlinear device can reach the canceled signal Slightly high magnitude, the magnitude is 0.01 piva ⁇ 100 picowatts.
  • the adjustment module includes a phase adjuster for adjusting a phase of the coupled transmit signal and a first intermodulation cancellation signal generated by the nonlinear device, and a power attenuator; The level of the transmitted signal after the coupling and the first intermodulation cancellation signal generated by the non-linear device are adjusted.
  • the power coupler, the phase adjuster, the power attenuator and the non-linear generating device are electrically connected in sequence to form an intermodulation canceling device, and the end of the intermodulation canceling device is grounded or opened.
  • the third purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art, and to provide a method for eliminating intermodulation cancellation signals of passive devices, so as to eliminate intermodulation signals of passive devices in the working frequency band, without being fixed.
  • the second limitation does not affect the normal operation of the passive device, and ensures that the receiving and transmitting paths of the antenna feeder system work normally.
  • a method for eliminating a passive device intermodulation cancellation signal comprising the following steps:
  • the transmitting signal containing the intermodulation signal in the passive device is coupled in a small part of the intermodulation cancellation circuit, and the coupled signal level value is much lower than that before the coupling and the intermodulation signal is neglected;
  • the intermodulation cancellation device performs the first processing on the coupled transmit signal to generate a first power signal including the first intermodulation cancellation signal
  • the first power signal is returned after the end of the intermodulation cancellation device is reflected, and the intermodulation cancellation device Performing a second processing on the coupled transmit signal to generate a second power signal including a second intermodulation cancellation signal, a second intermodulation cancellation signal in the second power signal and the passive device
  • the intermodulation signals of the transmitted signals have the same frequency, level and opposite phase
  • the transmit and receive signals in the passive device further comprise a signal having the same frequency as the excitation signal for generating the intermodulation signal.
  • the intermodulation cancellation signal and the intermodulation signal have the same frequency components.
  • the intermodulation cancellation circuit is coupled to transmit and receive signals from a transmission band of a passive device. It enables better coupling to the transmitted signal.
  • the coupling amount of the transmit and receive signals coupled by the intermodulation cancellation circuit is between 16 and 60 dB. It does not affect the transmission of the main signal.
  • the principle of generating the intermodulation cancellation signal of the present invention is: When two signals of different frequencies pass through the nonlinear device, a new frequency signal is generated, and these new frequency signals are intermodulation products.
  • the frequency of the intermodulation product is only related to the frequency of the two input signals, independent of the degree of nonlinearity of the device, so the frequency of the intermodulation products is the same as long as the frequency of the input signal is constant.
  • the amplitude of the intermodulation product is mainly affected by the amplitude of the input signal and the nonlinearity of the nonlinear device. The higher the amplitude of the input signal, the higher the amplitude of the intermodulation product, the higher the nonlinearity of the nonlinear device, and the intermodulation product. The higher the amplitude, and vice versa.
  • the two RF signals When the two RF signals have the same frequency, the amplitude is equal, and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase, the two RF signals can cancel each other during the transmission.
  • the transmitting signal generates a transmitting signal including an intermodulation signal at the antenna end through the passive device, and the transmitting signal including the intermodulation signal is input to the intermodulation canceling device of the present invention.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device can couple a small part of the transmission signal. In order not to affect the transmission of the original transmission signal in the passive device, the coupling amount is between 16 and 60 dB, that is, the power of the coupled transmission signal is less than 2.5 of the power of the original transmission signal. % , the specific power value, varies with the power of the original transmitted signal. Among them, the intermodulation signal can be ignored.
  • the part of the transmitted signal is used to drive a nonlinear device with a strong nonlinearity to generate a power signal containing an intermodulation cancellation signal, which is reflected again at the end of the circuit of the device.
  • the nonlinear device, the phase adjuster and the power attenuator generate a level of the power signal that is much smaller than the level of the signal transmitted by the antenna.
  • the intermodulation cancellation signal is equal to the frequency and level of the intermodulation signal. 180 degrees difference.
  • phase adjustment, power attenuation order is not limited; the degree of phase adjustment and power attenuation depends on the phase and level of the passive intermodulation signal, and can be adjusted or set to a fixed value or two ways. Method implementation.
  • the invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art solutions, and the transmitting signal is coupled from the antenna end without affecting the normal operation of the passive device; the generated intermodulation cancellation signal has high correlation with the intermodulation signal of the duplexer itself, and can Offset is achieved throughout the operating band.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device of the present invention all works in a passive state, does not require additional power supply, reduces circuit complexity, improves reliability, and reduces cost.
  • the input and output ports are all one port, and the volume occupied during installation is small, and does not affect the structural layout of the original passive device.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device of the present invention reduces the level of the passive intermodulation signal by generating an intermodulation cancellation signal having an equal level of intermodulation signals and a phase difference of 180 degrees. Since the phase and level of the intermodulation cancellation signal can be adjusted by the phase adjuster and the power attenuator, the yield of the product can be easily controlled, and the cost is reduced, which is important for production.
  • the invention patent is mainly used for intermodulation cancellation of passive devices, and requires no additional power supply and lower cost compared with the invention patent disclosed in the document CN100490307C.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the intermodulation cancellation device of the present invention specifically applied to a duplexer.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the intermodulation cancellation device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of intermodulation cancellation of the intermodulation cancellation device 5 in the embodiment of FIG.
  • FIG 4 is a diagram showing changes in intermodulation values in the operating frequency band before and after the addition of the intermodulation cancellation device in the embodiment of Figure 1. detailed description
  • the embodiment relates to a duplexer 1 with an intermodulation cancellation device 5 installed.
  • the duplexer 1 includes an antenna port 2, a transmitting port 3, and a receiving port 4.
  • the transmitting signal enters the duplexer 1 from the transmitting port 3, and is transmitted from the antenna port 2 after signal processing.
  • the antenna port 2 can receive the receiving signal, and the receiving signal enters the double from the antenna port 2
  • the machine 1 is output from the receiving port 4 after signal processing.
  • the intermodulation signal caused by the passive nonlinearity at the antenna port 2 will fall to the receiving channel, forming intermodulation interference, and the antenna feeder system cannot work normally. Therefore, when the duplexer 1 is required to operate, the passive intermodulation level generated by the transmitting channel is as low as possible, so that the intermodulation signal falls into the receiving channel frequency band and causes interference to the receiving channel.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device 5 is used to eliminate the passive intermodulation signal generated by the transmission channel.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device 5 of the embodiment is located near the antenna port 2 of the duplexer 1.
  • the input and output of the intermodulation cancellation device 5 share a single port, which is called an input/output port, and the intermodulation cancellation device 5 passes through the port and duplex.
  • the antenna port 2 of the device 1 is connected.
  • the input signal of the intermodulation cancellation device 5 is the transmission signal of the antenna port 2, that is, the transmission signal containing the intermodulation signal; and the output signal is the transmission signal containing the intermodulation cancellation signal.
  • the output signal of the intermodulation canceling device 5 is output through its input/output port to the antenna port 2 of the passive device 1 for subsequent processing as described above.
  • the intermodulation cancellation device 5 is located at the antenna port 2 of the duplexer 1, and only the power signal coupled to the antenna port 2 is the same as the excitation signal of the duplexer generating the intermodulation signal, so that it is used for cancellation.
  • the intermodulation cancellation signal will be similar to the intermodulation signal generated by the duplexer, and the frequency change will be cancelled.
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing the configuration of the intermodulation canceling means 5 in the above embodiment.
  • the intermodulation canceling device 5 is composed of a power coupler 6, a phase adjuster 7, a power attenuator 8 and a non-linear device 9 in series, and the end of the nonlinear device 9 is grounded.
  • the power coupler 6 is configured to couple the power signal in the transmission frequency band, and the structural form thereof includes, but is not limited to, a structure with a power coupling effect such as a microstrip, a probe, a coupling ring, etc., in order not to affect the transmission of the main signal, the power coupler
  • the coupling amount is between 16 and 60 dB, that is, the coupled signal power is less than 2.5% of the original signal power, and the specific power value varies with the original signal power.
  • the structural form of the phase adjuster 7 includes, but is not limited to, a microstrip transmission line, a cable transmission line, and an external phase shifter.
  • the nonlinear device 9 is composed of a relatively nonlinear device for generating a poor intermodulation signal at a low input power without applying a DC bias, for example, when the input power is 0.01 mW to 100. At milliwatt hours, the intermodulation signal produced by the nonlinear device can reach 0.01 psi to 100 picowatts.
  • the nonlinear device can be a nonlinearity such as a diode, a triode or a ferrite.
  • the device, the non-linear device includes but is not limited to the above three devices.
  • the power signal in the passive device transmitting signal is 10, and the intermodulation signal generated by the transmitting signal through the passive nonlinear device is 11.
  • the transmission signal including the intermodulation signal 11 and the power signal 10 is input to the intermodulation canceling means 5.
  • the power coupler 6 couples a small portion of the power signal 12, and the power of the power signal 12 is less than 2.5% of the power of the power signal 10, and the specific power value varies with the power of the power signal 10.
  • the power signal 12 becomes the power signal 13.
  • the power signal 13 produces an intermodulation cancellation signal 14 after the device 9 is generated by high intermodulation.
  • the high intermodulation generating device 9, the power attenuator 8 and the phase adjuster 7 are again passed, the power signal 13 becomes the power signal 15, and the intermodulation cancellation signal 14 becomes The intermodulation cancels the signal 16.
  • the frequency and amplitude of the intermodulation cancellation signal 16 and the intermodulation signal 11 are equal, and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase; the power signal 15 has the same frequency as the power signal 10, the phase is 180 degrees out of phase, and the level is much smaller than the power signal 10.
  • the final power signal 15 and the intermodulation cancellation signal 16 are superimposed by the power coupler 6 with the intermodulation signal 11 and the power signal 10, respectively.
  • the intermodulation cancellation signal 16 and the intermodulation signal 11 cancel each other, thereby reducing the power level of the intermodulation signal; the power signal 10 is cancelled by the power signal 15 and then becomes a power signal 17 due to the level of the power signal 10. Far greater than the signal 15, the power signal 17 is approximately the same as the power signal 10, and the effect of the intermodulation cancellation device on the transmit power is negligible.
  • the amplitudes are equal, and the phase difference is 180 degrees, the level of the intermodulation signal of the duplexer is cancelled, thereby reducing the transmission channel to the receiving channel.
  • Intermodulation interference The degree of phase adjustment and power attenuation depends on the phase and level of the passive intermodulation signal, and can be achieved by adjusting or setting a fixed value or a combination of the two.
  • the order of connection of the phase adjuster 7 and the power attenuator 8 is not limited to this embodiment, and can be arbitrarily adjusted.
  • only one intermodulation cancellation device 5 is disposed at the antenna port 2 of the duplexer 1, and a plurality of intermodulation cancellation devices may be disposed at the antenna port 2 to generate a plurality of intermodulation cancellations.
  • the signals are superimposed to cancel the intermodulation signals of the passive components.
  • the applicant measures the intermodulation value of the duplexer described in this embodiment before and after adding the intermodulation cancellation device, and the measurement comparison result is shown in FIG. 4, as can be seen from FIG. 4, in the working frequency band.
  • the intermodulation value is greater than -104dBm.
  • the intermodulation value is less than -113dBm, and the intermodulation value is reduced by at least 9dB in the entire working frequency band.
  • the invention can also be applied to intermodulation cancellation of other passive components, such as power dividers, couplers, filters, and antennas.
  • the present invention can adjust the level of the intermodulation signal compared with the background art, so that the yield is easy to control and the cost is reduced, which is of great significance to production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Noise Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置，包括功率耦合器，调节模块和非线性器件，所述互调抵消装置输入输出共用一个端口，所述功率耦合器经所述输入输出端口从无源器件中耦合出发射信号；所述调节模块和非线性器件分别对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第一次处理；所述第一次处理后信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后，再次进行第二次处理，使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的功率信号，所述功率信号中的第二互调抵消信号与所述无源器件中发射信号的互调信号具有相同的频率、电平和相反的相位；所述功率信号与无源器件中的发射信号叠加并从输入输出端口输出至无源器件。本发明能在整个工作频段内抵消无源器件的互调信号。

Description

一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域。 具体地说， 本发明涉及一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装 置。 背景技术
发射滤波器、 双工器、 合路器、 功分器等无源器件在天馈系统中应用比较广泛。 天馈系统常用于将接收通路和发射通路合路后共用天线。 在天馈系统中， 发射通路 的信号功率远远大于接收通路， 发射信号经过无源非线性器件会产生电平较大的互 调信号。 在天线端， 互调信号落入接收通道， 形成互调干扰， 使天馈系统无法正常 工作。 因此， 要求无源器件在工作时， 发射通道产生的无源互调信号电平尽可能低， 以免互调信号落入接收通道， 对接收通道造成干扰。
对比文献 CN100490307C公开了一种名称为 "信号处理电路、基站和消除互调产 物的方法"发明专利， 该专利将输入非线性单元的原载波分为两路， 分别输入两个支 路， 第一路原载波经过非线性单元产生包含有第一组互调产物的处理信号， 第二路 原载波经过分路器、 倍频器、 混合器以及调节电路， 产生含有第二组高次互调产物 的控制信号， 最后将两路信号叠加。 它利用第二组高次互调产物与第一组互调产物 的频率相同， 幅度接近相同， 相位相反， 抵消互调信号。
该技术方案存在以下不足： 1、 该技术方案不适用于无源器件， 它没有考虑非线 性单元内部不同位置的互调值差异， 对于无源器件这种差异是很明显的， 在无源电 路中， 传输信号的幅度衰减和相位变化程度非常大， 在多个位置产生互调的情况下， 电路前端产生的互调信号会在信号传输过程中大幅度衰减， 电路输出的互调信号只 含有电路末端产生的互调信号， 因此， 对于双工器来说， 若从非线性单元的前端取 信号， 所产生的互调抵消信号无法与天线端口的互调信号相抵消； 2、 该技术方案产 生的互调抵消信号即第二组高次互调产物， 被限定为固定阶次的互调产物， 只能消 除对应频段内的非线性单元的互调信号， 存在局限性。
除此之外，现有其它的降低无源互调信号电平的方法主要集中在结构和工艺上， 这些方法往往需要增加额外的成本， 而且合格率不易控制， 返修率较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是为了克服上述背景技术的不足， 提供一种结构简单、 操作 方便用于无源器件的互调抵消装置。 使其能在整个工作频段内抵消无源器件的互调 信号。
为实现上述目的， 本发明釆用如下技术方案： 一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装 置， 包括功率耦合器， 调节模块和非线性器件， 其特征在于， 所述互调抵消装置输 入输出共用一个端口即称为输入输出端口， 该输入输出端口位于功率耦合器的一个 端口上； 所述功率耦合器经所述输入输出端口从无源器件中包含有互调信号的发射 信号中耦合出很小一部分， 耦合后的发射信号电平值远低于耦合前且其中的互调信 号忽略不计； 所述调节模块和非线性器件分别对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第一次 处理， 经过第一次处理后， 由非线性器件产生第一互调抵消信号； 所述第一次处理 后信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后， 再次经过所述非线性器件和调节模块分别 对所述耦合后的发射信号及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号进行第二次处 理， 使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的功率信号， 所述功率信号中的第二互调抵消 信号与所述无源器件中发射信号的互调信号具有相同的频率、 电平和相反的相位； 所述功率信号再经功率耦合器与无源器件中的发射信号叠加并从输入输出端口输出 至无源器件。
优选地， 所述互调抵消装置位于无源器件天线端口， 所述功率耦合器是从无源 器件天线端口处耦合发射信号的。 在天线端口耦合到的功率信号和无源器件产生互 调信号的激励信号频率相同， 以保证本互调抵消装置所产生的互调抵消信号与无源 器件中的互调信号含有相同的频率成分， 确保信号抵消成功。
优选地， 在所述无源器件同一天线端口处设置多个互调抵消装置， 对所述发射 信号中的互调信号产生叠加效果。 多个 （包括两个和两个以上） 互调抵消装置分别 产生多个互调抵消信号， 多个互调抵消信号相叠加后能够更好地与互调信号抵消。
优选地， 所述的功率耦合器是从无源器件发射频段内耦合发射信号的。 使其能 够更好地耦合到发射信号。 优选地， 所述的功率耦合器的耦合量为 16~60dB之间。 使其不影响主信号的传 输。
优选地，所述非线性器件功能为：在不加直流偏置的前提下， 当输入功率为 0.01 毫瓦〜 100毫瓦时， 由该非线性器件产生的互调信号能达到比被抵消信号略高量级， 该量级为 0.01皮瓦〜 100皮瓦。使其只需要极少量的发射接收信号即可产生互调抵消 信号。
优选地， 所述调节模块包括相位调整器和功率衰减器， 所述相位调整器用于调 整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的相位； 所述功 率衰减器用于调整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号 的电平。 使互调抵消信号与互调信号电平相同， 相位相反。
优选地， 所述功率耦合器、 相位调整器、 功率衰减器和非线性产生器件四种器 件依次电连接形成互调抵消装置， 所述互调抵消装置的末端接地或开路。 使发射信 号在第一次处理后能在互调抵消装置的末端反射。
本发明专利的目的之二是为了克服上述背景技术的不足， 提供一种包含上述互 调抵消装置的双工器， 使其能够在双工器天线端口消除发射通路的无源互调信号， 保证天馈系统的接收通路和发射通路正常工作。
为实现该目的， 本发明釆用如下技术方案： 一种包含上述互调抵消装置的双工 器， 包括发射端口、 接收端口和天线端口； 在所述天线端口设有互调抵消装置， 所 述互调抵消装置包括功率耦合器， 调节模块和非线性产生器件， 其特征在于， 所述 互调抵消装置输入输出共用一个端口即称为输入输出端口， 该输入输出端口位于功 率耦合器的一个端口上； 所述功率耦合器经所述输入输出端口从双工器中包含有互 调信号的发射信号中耦合出很小一部分， 耦合后的发射信号电平值远低于耦合前且 其中的互调信号忽略不计； 所述调节模块和非线性产生器件分别对所述耦合后的发 射信号进行第一次处理； 经过第一次处理后， 由非线性器件产生第一互调抵消信号， 所述第一次处理后信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后， 再次经过所述非线性器件 和调节模块分别对所述耦合后的发射信号及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号 进行第二次处理， 使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的功率信号， 使所述功率信号中 的第二互调抵消信号与所述双工器中发射信号的互调信号具有相同的频率、 电平和 相反的相位； 所述功率信号再经功率耦合器与双工器中的发射接收信号叠加并从输 入输出端口输出至双工器。
优选地， 所述互调抵消装置位于双工器天线端口， 所述功率耦合器是从双工器 天线端口处耦合发射接收信号的。
优选地， 在所述双工器同一天线端口处设置多个互调抵消装置， 对所述发射信 号中的互调信号产生叠加效果。
优选地， 所述的功率耦合器是从双工器发射频段内耦合发射信号的。
优选地， 所述的功率耜合器的 合量为 16~60dB之间。
优选地，所述非线性器件功能为：在不加直流偏置的前提下， 当输入功率为 0.01 毫瓦〜 100毫瓦时， 由该非线性器件产生的互调信号能达到比被抵消信号略高量级， 该量级为 0.01皮瓦〜 100皮瓦。
优选地， 所述调节模块包括相位调整器和功率衰减器， 所述相位调整器用于调 整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的相位； 所述功 率衰减器用于调整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号 的电平。
优选地， 所述功率耦合器、 相位调整器、 功率衰减器和非线性产生器件四种器 件依次电连接形成互调抵消装置， 所述互调抵消装置的末端接地或开路。
本发明专利的目的之三是为了克服上述背景技术的不足， 提供一种消除无源器 件互调抵消信号的方法， 使其既能在工作频段消除无源器件的互调信号， 不受固定 阶次的限制， 又不影响无源器件的正常工作， 保证天馈系统的接收通路和发射通路 正常工作。
为实现该目的， 本发明釆用如下技术方案： 一种消除无源器件互调抵消信号的 方法， 该方法包括如下步骤：
1 )将无源器件中包含有互调信号的发射信号在互调抵消电路中耦合出很小一部 分， 耦合后的发射信号电平值远低于耦合前且其中的互调信号忽略不计；
2 )互调抵消装置对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第一次处理， 使其产生含有第一 互调抵消信号的第一功率信号；
3 )所述第一功率信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后原路返回， 互调抵消装置 对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第二次处理， 使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的第二 功率信号， 所述第二功率信号中的第二互调抵消信号与所述无源器件中发射信号的 互调信号具有相同的频率、 电平和相反的相位；
4 )将所述第二功率信号与无源器件中的发射接收信号叠加并从互调抵消装置输 出至无源器件。
优选的， 所述无源器件中的发射接收信号还包含有与产生互调信号的激励信号 频率相同的信号。 以保证产生的互调抵消信号与互调信号含有相同的频率成分。
优选的， 所述的互调抵消电路是从无源器件发射频段内耦合发射接收信号的。 使其能够更好地耦合到发射信号。
优选的， 所述互调抵消电路耦合的发射接收信号的耦合量为 16~60dB之间。 使 其不影响主信号的传输。
本发明所述互调抵消信号的生成原理为： 当两个不同频率的信号通过非线性器 件时， 会产生新的频率信号， 这些新的频率信号就是互调产物。 互调产物的频率只 与两个输入信号的频率有关， 与器件的非线性程度无关， 因此， 只要输入信号的频 率不变， 则互调产物的频率相同。 互调产物的幅度主要受输入信号的幅度以及非线 性器件的非线性程度影响， 输入信号的幅度越高， 互调产物的幅度越高， 非线性器 件的非线性程度越高， 互调产物的幅度越高， 反之亦然。
当两个射频信号频率相同， 幅度相等， 相位相差 180度时， 两个射频信号在传 输过程中可以相互抵消。
在本发明所述的无源器件中， 发射信号经过无源器件在天线端产生包含有互调 信号的发射信号， 包含有互调信号的发射信号输入本发明所述的互调抵消装置。 互 调抵消装置能够耦合很小一部分的发射信号， 为了不影响无源器件中原发射信号的 传输， 耦合量为 16~60dB之间， 即耦合出的发射信号的功率小于原发射信号的功率 的 2.5% , 具体功率值， 随原发射信号功率的变化而变化。 其中， 互调信号可忽略不 计。 经过相位调整和功率衰减后， 用这部分发射信号推动一个非线性很强的非线性 器件， 产生一个包含有互调抵消信号的功率信号， 该功率信号在本装置的电路末端 反射后， 再次经过非线性器件、 相位调整器和功率衰减器， 生成的功率信号的电平 远小于天线端发射信号的电平， 互调抵消信号与互调信号频率、 电平相等， 相位相 差 180度。 在无源器件的天线端， 上述生成的功率信号通过功率耦合器与发射信号 相叠加， 抵消掉互调信号和极少量发射信号， 从而降低无源器件在工作时由发射通 路产生的互调信号对接收通路的干扰。 其中， 信号处理的步骤： 相位调整、 功率衰 减顺序不限； 相位调整和功率衰减的程度依据无源互调信号的相位和电平， 釆用可 调节或设置固定值或两种方式相配合的方法实现。
本发明克服了现有技术方案的不足， 从天线端耦合出发射信号， 不影响无源器 件的正常工作； 所产生的互调抵消信号， 和双工器本身的互调信号相关性高， 能在 整个工作频段内实现抵消。
本发明所述的互调抵消装置， 全部工作于无源状态下， 不需要额外供电， 降低 了电路复杂度， 提高了可靠性， 并降低了成本。
本发明所述的互调抵消装置， 输入输出端口均为一个端口， 安装时所占体积小， 不会对原无源器件的结构布局产生影响。
本发明所述的互调抵消装置通过产生和互调信号电平相等， 相位相差 180度的 互调抵消信号， 降低无源互调信号的电平。 由于互调抵消信号的相位和电平都可通 过相位调整器和功率衰减器调节， 使得产品的合格率容易控制， 成本降低， 对生产 具有重要意义。
另外本发明专利主要用于无源器件的互调抵消， 与文献 CN100490307C公开的 发明专利相比， 不需额外供电， 成本更低。 附图说明
图 1是本发明所述互调抵消装置具体应用于双工器实施例的示意图。
图 2是本发明所述互调抵消装置实施例示意图。
图 3是图 1所述实施例中互调抵消装置 5的互调抵消原理示意图。
图 4是图 1所述实施例加入互调抵消装置前后， 在工作频段内互调值的变化情 况。 具体实施方式
实施例， 如图 1所示， 本实施例涉及一种安装了互调抵消装置 5的双工器 1 , 该双工器 1包括天线端口 2, 发射端口 3 , 接收端口 4。 双工器 1在工作时， 发射信 号从发射端口 3进入双工器 1 , 经过信号处理后从天线端口 2发射出去， 同时， 天 线端口 2可接收到接收信号， 接收信号从天线端口 2进入双工器 1 , 经过信号处理 后从接收端口 4输出。 由于发射通路的信号功率远远大于接收通路， 在天线端口 2 由无源非线性引起的互调信号会落到接收通道， 形成互调干扰， 使天馈系统无法正 常工作。 因此， 要求双工器 1在工作时， 发射通道产生的无源互调电平尽可能低， 以免互调信号落入接收通道频段， 对接收通道造成干扰。 所述的互调抵消装置 5 即 用来消除发射通道产生的无源互调信号。
本实施例所述的互调抵消装置 5位于双工器 1的天线端口 2附近， 互调抵消装 置 5输入输出共用一个端口即称为输入输出端口， 互调抵消装置 5通过该端口与双 工器 1的天线端口 2相连。 互调抵消装置 5的输入信号为天线端口 2的发射信号， 即为包含有互调信号的发射信号； 输出信号为含有互调抵消信号的发射信号。 互调 抵消装置 5的输出信号通过其输入输出端口输出到无源器件 1的天线端口 2进行前 文所述的后续处理。
本实施例中， 互调抵消装置 5位于双工器 1 的天线端口 2, 只有在天线端口 2 耦合到的功率信号才和双工器产生互调信号的激励信号频率相同， 这样用于抵消的 互调抵消信号， 才会和双工器产生的互调信号， 随频率做相似的变化， 否则频率变 化 4民消失败。
图 2是上述实施例中互调抵消装置 5的结构图。 如图 2所示， 互调抵消装置 5 由功率耦合器 6, 相位调整器 7 , 功率衰减器 8和非线性器件 9顺序串联组成， 非线 性器件 9的末端接地。 功率耦合器 6用于在发射频段内耦合功率信号， 其结构形式 包括但不限于微带， 探针， 耦合环等具有功率耦合效果的结构， 为了不影响主信号 的传输， 该功率耦合器的耦合量为 16~60dB之间， 即耦合到的信号功率小于原信号 功率的 2.5% , 具体功率值， 随原信号功率的变化而变化。 相位调整器 7的结构形式 包括但不限于微带传输线， 电缆传输线， 以及外置移相器。 非线性器件 9 由非线性 较强的器件构成， 用于在不加直流偏置的情况下， 在低的输入功率下， 产生较差的 互调信号， 例如当输入功率为 0.01毫瓦〜 100毫瓦时， 由非线性器件产生的互调信号 能达到 0.01皮瓦〜 100皮瓦。 该非线性器件可以是二极管， 三极管或铁氧体等非线性 器件， 该非线性器件包括但不限于上述三种器件。
参见图 3 , 在本实施例中， 无源器件发射信号中的功率信号为 10, 发射信号经 过无源非线性器件产生的互调信号为 11。 包含有互调信号 11和功率信号 10的发射 信号输入互调抵消装置 5。 功率耦合器 6耦合出很小一部分功率信号 12, 功率信号 12的功率小于功率信号 10的功率的 2.5% , 具体功率值， 随功率信号 10功率的变化 而变化。 经过相位调整器 7和功率衰减器 8后， 功率信号 12变为功率信号 13。 功 率信号 13在通过高互调产生器件 9后， 产生互调抵消信号 14。 功率信号 13和互调 抵消信号 14在接地端反射后， 再次经过高互调产生器件 9、 功率衰减器 8和相位调 整器 7 , 功率信号 13变为功率信号 15 , 互调抵消信号 14变为互调抵消信号 16。 此 时互调抵消信号 16和互调信号 11的频率、 幅度相等， 相位相差 180度； 功率信号 15与功率信号 10频率相同、 相位相差 180度， 且电平远小于功率信号 10。 最后功 率信号 15和互调抵消信号 16经过功率耦合器 6分别与互调信号 11和功率信号 10 相叠加。 其中互调抵消信号 16与互调信号 11相互抵消， 从而降低互调信号的功率 电平； 功率信号 10被功率信号 15抵消掉很小一部分后变为功率信号 17 , 由于功率 信号 10的电平远大于信号 15 , 功率信号 17近似与功率信号 10相同， 互调抵消装 置对发射功率的影响可忽略不计。
本实施例通过产生一个与双工器互调信号频率相同， 幅度相等， 相位相差 180 度的互调抵消信号， 来抵消双工器互调信号的电平， 从而减小发射通道对接收通道 的互调干扰。 相位调整和功率衰减的程度依据无源互调信号的相位和电平， 釆用可 调节或设置固定值或两种方式相配合的方法实现。 相位调整器 7 , 功率衰减器 8 的 连接顺序不限于本实施例， 可以任意调整。
此外， 本实施例在所述双工器 1的天线端口 2处只设置了一个互调抵消装置 5 , 也可以在天线端口 2处设置多个互调抵消装置， 使其产生多个互调抵消信号， 叠加 起来抵消无源器件的互调信号。
为验证本发明效果， 申请人对加入互调抵消装置前后本实施例所述双工器的互 调值进行测量， 测量对比结果如图 4 所示， 从图 4 中可以看出， 在工作频段 1730MHz~1760MHz内， 未加入互调抵消装置， 互调值大于 -104dBm, 加入互调抵消 装置后互调值小于 -113dBm, 互调值在整个工作频段内至少降低了 9dB。上述结果证 明本发明所述的互调抵消原理是正确可行的。
本发明也可运用于其它无源器件的互调抵消， 如功分器， 耦合器， 滤波器， 以 及天线等。
综上所述， 本发明与背景技术相比， 可对互调信号电平进行调节， 使得合格率 容易控制， 成本降低， 对生产具有重要意义。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 包括功率耦合器， 调节模块和非线性器 件， 其特征在于， 所述互调抵消装置输入输出共用一个端口即称为输入输出端口， 该输入输出端口位于功率耦合器的一个端口上； 所述功率耦合器经所述输入输出端 口从无源器件中包含有互调信号的发射信号中耦合出很小一部分， 耦合后的发射信 号电平值远低于耦合前且其中的互调信号忽略不计； 所述调节模块和非线性器件分 别对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第一次处理， 经过第一次处理后， 由非线性器件产 生第一互调抵消信号； 所述第一次处理后信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后， 再 次经过所述非线性器件和调节模块分别对所述耦合后的发射信号及由非线性器件产 生的第一互调抵消信号进行第二次处理， 使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的功率信 号， 所述功率信号中的第二互调抵消信号与所述无源器件中发射信号的互调信号具 有相同的频率、 电平和相反的相位； 所述功率信号再经功率耦合器与无源器件中的 发射信号叠加并从输入输出端口输出至无源器件。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 所 述互调抵消装置位于无源器件天线端口， 所述功率耦合器是从无源器件天线端口处 耦合发射信号的。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 在 所述无源器件同一天线端口处设置多个互调抵消装置， 对所述发射信号中的互调信 号产生叠加效果。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 所 述的功率耦合器是从无源器件发射频段内耦合发射信号的。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 所 述的功率耜合器的耜合量为 16~60dB之间。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 所 述非线性器件功能为： 在不加直流偏置的前提下， 当输入功率为 0.01毫瓦〜 100毫瓦 时， 由该非线性器件产生的互调信号能达到比被抵消信号略高量级， 该量级为 0.01 皮瓦〜 100皮瓦。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 所 述调节模块包括相位调整器和功率衰减器， 所述相位调整器用于调整所述耦合后发 射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的相位； 所述功率衰减器用于调 整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的电平。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的一种用于无源器件的互调抵消装置， 其特征在于， 所 述功率耦合器、 相位调整器、 功率衰减器和非线性产生器件四种器件依次电连接形 成互调抵消装置， 所述互调抵消装置的末端接地或开路。
9、 一种包含权利要求 1-8中任一权利要求所述互调抵消装置的双工器， 包括发 射端口、 接收端口和天线端口； 在所述天线端口设有互调抵消装置， 所述互调抵消 装置包括功率耦合器， 调节模块和非线性产生器件， 其特征在于， 所述互调抵消装 置输入输出共用一个端口即称为输入输出端口， 该输入输出端口位于功率耦合器的 一个端口上； 所述功率耦合器经所述输入输出端口从双工器中包含有互调信号的发 射信号中耦合出很小一部分， 耦合后的发射信号电平值远低于耦合前且其中的互调 信号忽略不计； 所述调节模块和非线性产生器件分别对所述耦合后的发射信号进行 第一次处理； 经过第一次处理后， 由非线性器件产生第一互调抵消信号， 所述第一 次处理后信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后， 再次经过所述非线性器件和调节模 块分别对所述耦合后的发射信号及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号进行第二 次处理， 使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的功率信号， 使所述功率信号中的第二互 调抵消信号与所述双工器中发射信号的互调信号具有相同的频率、 电平和相反的相 位； 所述功率信号再经功率耦合器与双工器中的发射接收信号叠加并从输入输出端 口输出至双工器。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 所述互调抵消装置位于 双工器天线端口， 所述功率耦合器是从双工器天线端口处耦合发射接收信号的。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 在所述双工器同一天线 端口处设置多个互调抵消装置， 对所述发射信号中的互调信号产生叠加效果。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 所述的功率耦合器是从 双工器发射频段内耦合发射信号的。
13、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 所述的功率耦合器的耦 合量为 16~60dB之间。
14、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 所述非线性器件功能为： 在不加直流偏置的前提下， 当输入功率为 0.01毫瓦〜 100毫瓦时， 由该非线性器件产 生的互调信号能达到比被抵消信号略高量级， 该量级为 0.01皮瓦〜 100皮瓦。
15、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 所述调节模块包括相位 调整器和功率衰减器， 所述相位调整器用于调整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性 器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的相位； 所述功率衰减器用于调整所述耦合后发射信 号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的电平。
16、 根据权利要求 9所述的一种双工器， 其特征在于， 所述功率耦合器、 相位 调整器、 功率衰减器和非线性产生器件四种器件依次电连接形成互调抵消装置， 所 述互调抵消装置的末端接地或开路。
17、 一种消除无源器件互调抵消信号的方法， 该方法包括如下步骤: 1 )将无源器件中包含有互调信号的发射信号在互调抵消电路中耦合出很小一部 分， 耦合后的发射信号电平值远低于耦合前且其中的互调信号忽略不计；
2 )互调抵消装置对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第一次处理， 使其产生含有第一 互调抵消信号的第一功率信号；
3 )所述第一功率信号在所述互调抵消装置末端反射后原路返回， 互调抵消装置 对所述耦合后的发射信号进行第二次处理， 使其产生含有第二互调抵消信号的第二 功率信号， 所述第二功率信号中的第二互调抵消信号与所述无源器件中发射信号的 互调信号具有相同的频率、 电平和相反的相位；
4 )将所述第二功率信号与无源器件中的发射接收信号叠加并从互调抵消装置输 出至无源器件。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的一种消除无源器件互调抵消信号的方法， 其特征在 于， 所述的互调抵消装置是从无源器件发射频段内耦合发射接收信号的。
19、 根据权利要求 17所述的一种消除无源器件互调抵消信号的方法， 其特征在 于， 所述互调抵消装置耦合的发射接收信号的耦合量为 16~60dB之间。
20、 根据权利要求 17所述的一种消除无源器件互调抵消信号的方法， 其特征在 于， 所述调节模块包括相位调整器和功率衰减器， 所述相位调整器用于调整所述耦 合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的相位； 所述功率衰减器 用于调整所述耦合后发射信号以及由非线性器件产生的第一互调抵消信号的电平。
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EP2955862A4 (en) 2016-11-16
US20150349819A1 (en) 2015-12-03

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