WO2014183709A1 - 一种处理信号样点数据的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种处理信号样点数据的方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2014183709A1
WO2014183709A1 PCT/CN2014/078557 CN2014078557W WO2014183709A1 WO 2014183709 A1 WO2014183709 A1 WO 2014183709A1 CN 2014078557 W CN2014078557 W CN 2014078557W WO 2014183709 A1 WO2014183709 A1 WO 2014183709A1
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signal sample
sample data
domain signal
data
frequency domain
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王美英
孙洪
李伟
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to JP2016536569A priority patent/JP6223575B2/ja
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M7/00Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
    • H03M7/30Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
    • H03M7/3059Digital compression and data reduction techniques where the original information is represented by a subset or similar information, e.g. lossy compression
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M7/00Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
    • H03M7/30Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
    • H03M7/3068Precoding preceding compression, e.g. Burrows-Wheeler transformation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627Modulators
    • H04L27/2634Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to signal sample data of a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) base station system (referred to as IQ data, and I channel data refers to real data of signal sample data, Q road)
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • I channel data refers to real data of signal sample data, Q road
  • the data refers to the technical field of processing of the imaginary part data of the signal sample data, and in particular, the method and apparatus for processing the IQ data of the LTE base station system CPRI.
  • the LTE base station device is a distributed base station, and is evolved by a baseband processing unit (eBBU, Evolved).
  • eBBU baseband processing unit
  • the Building Base Band Unit is composed of an eRRU (Evolved Radio Remote Unit).
  • the eBBU and the eRRU are connected by optical fiber or cable, and the common public radio frequency interface protocol is used for data interaction.
  • the networked networking connection between the BBU and multiple RRUs will occupy a large amount of transmission bandwidth.
  • the transmission bandwidth of the current transmission access network is difficult to meet, and the compression of the IQ data for the general public radio interface (CPRI) is very A method worth reducing the interface bandwidth.
  • CPRI general public radio interface
  • the LTE system is a wireless network technology that supports OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technologies.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • the OFDM signal is a superposition of random amplitude and phase signals. It has a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Most of the signal peaks are in a small range, and only a few signal peaks fluctuate greatly.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • the frequency domain characteristics of the IQ data of the CPRI interface of the LTE system are shown in Figure 1. There are similar characteristics. Most of the signal peaks are in a small range, and only a small number of signal peaks fluctuate greatly. The number of bits is encoded. The maximum value of the signal determines the number of bits of the code, while the other bits of the small amplitude signal are encoded with a high bit of zero. This coding efficiency is extremely low and the transmission load is increased.
  • the basic principle of the block floating-point coding algorithm is to adjust the scale of the data block, and then perform the scale recovery after the calculation is completed.
  • the block index is adjusted for the data block of length N, and the invalid high-order sign extension bits in the mantissa are removed, so that the data blocks share the same index.
  • Adding and multiplying only the mantissa is as convenient as fixed-point arithmetic. Since only one bit position is reserved when the block index is adjusted for the data block, the finite bit length can be fully utilized, and the accuracy is improved.
  • the introduction of the sharing index also gives a larger dynamic range than the fixed-point method, which is determined by the number of bits of the high-order sign extension bit of the largest absolute value in the data block.
  • Block floating-point coding groups (or called blocks) signal samples, then solves the exponents for each set of samples, and encodes the mantissa to form a compressed array. Encoding the mantissa and the exponent separately increases the compression, but it also reduces the error caused by compression.
  • two or more exponential difference joint coding methods can also be used to achieve better compression by reducing the number of bits used for each index coding. From a large number of statistical data analysis, for block floating-point coding, the output index values corresponding to two consecutive sample groups, their difference, 90% is in the range of ⁇ -1, 0, 1 ⁇ , 98% is located ⁇ -2, 1 , 0, 1 , 2 ⁇ within this range. This information can be used to modify the index code.
  • Block floating-point coding can avoid all data being represented by a fixed number of bits, which is very suitable for encoding the frequency domain data of LTE system IQ, and there is no time domain and frequency domain joint characteristic for CPRI interface data of LTE radio base station system in related art.
  • the solution for compression can avoid all data being represented by a fixed number of bits, which is very suitable for encoding the frequency domain data of LTE system IQ, and there is no time domain and frequency domain joint characteristic for CPRI interface data of LTE radio base station system in related art.
  • a technical problem to be solved by embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for processing IQ data to reduce transmission bandwidth while reducing the cost of the transmission device.
  • a method of processing signal sample data comprising:
  • the frequency domain signal sample data is encoded and then transmitted.
  • the method before the step of converting the time domain signal sample data to be transmitted into the frequency domain signal sample data, the method further includes:
  • the step of converting time domain signal sample data to be transmitted into frequency domain signal sample data includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the frequency domain signal sample data is amplitude-compressed to generate an amplitude compression factor and compressed signal sample data.
  • the step of encoding the frequency domain signal sample data includes:
  • the frequency domain signal sample data is encoded according to any of the following encoding methods: block floating point coding, fuzzy block adaptive quantization coding, block adaptive vector quantization coding, and block floating point quantization coding.
  • An apparatus for processing signal sample data comprising: a conversion module and an encoding module, wherein: the conversion module is configured to: convert time domain signal sample data to be transmitted into frequency domain signal sample data;
  • the encoding module is configured to: encode the frequency domain signal sample data, and then transmit.
  • a buffer module is further included, where:
  • the buffer module is configured to: buffer time domain signal sample data to be sent; when the number of samples of the buffered time domain signal sample data to be transmitted reaches a threshold, the time domain signal is processed as follows Sample point data:
  • the method further includes: generating a module, where
  • the conversion module is configured to convert time domain signal sample data to be transmitted into frequency domain signal sample data according to the following manner: converting the time domain signal sample data into a frequency domain signal sample by fast Fourier transform Point data
  • the generating module is configured to: extract valid samples of the frequency domain signal sample data according to respective symmetry characteristics of the real part data and the imaginary part data, and generate a frequency domain signal sample data stream.
  • an amplitude compression module is further included, where:
  • the amplitude compression module is configured to: perform amplitude compression on the frequency domain signal sample data to generate an amplitude compression factor and compressed frequency domain signal sample data.
  • the encoding module is configured to encode the frequency domain signal sample data as follows:
  • the frequency domain signal sample data is encoded by any of the following encoding methods: block floating point coding, fuzzy block adaptive quantization coding, block adaptive vector quantization coding, and block floating point quantization coding.
  • a method of processing signal sample data comprising:
  • the decoded frequency domain signal sample data is converted into time domain signal sample data.
  • the method further includes:
  • the step of converting the decoded frequency domain signal sample data into time domain signal sample data includes:
  • the complete frequency domain signal sample data is converted into time domain signal sample data by an inverse fast Fourier transform.
  • An apparatus for processing signal sample data comprising: a decoding module and an inverse conversion module, wherein: the decoding module is configured to: decode received frequency domain signal sample data; and set the inverse conversion module to: decode The subsequent frequency domain signal sample data is converted into time domain signal sample data.
  • a recovery module is further included, where:
  • the recovery module is configured to: perform amplitude recovery on the decoded frequency domain signal sample data according to the amplitude compression factor extracted from the received frequency domain signal sample data; according to respective symmetry of the real part data and the imaginary part data The feature restores the frequency domain signal sample data after the amplitude recovery to the complete frequency domain signal sample data.
  • the inverse conversion module is configured to convert the decoded frequency domain signal sample data into time domain signal sample data according to the following manner:
  • the complete frequency domain signal sample data is converted into time domain signal sample data by an inverse fast Fourier transform.
  • the method and device for processing IQ data using the frequency domain characteristics of the IQ data of the LTE system, first converting the time domain IQ data to the frequency domain IQ data at the transmitting end, removing the redundant information, and then performing coding.
  • the number of coding points is reduced to achieve more efficient compression of the CPRI interface data of the LTE system, and meets the requirements of the transmission bandwidth of the current transmission access network, and can implement the high-efficiency compression and decompression functions of the fast and controllable mode of the CPRI interface data of the LTE radio base station system.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of frequency domain characteristics of IQ data of an LTE system
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for processing IQ data by a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for processing IQ data by a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a system for processing IQ data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for processing IQ data by a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for processing IQ data by a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is an IQ interleaving of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for processing IQ data by a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • SI 1 Convert time domain IQ data to be transmitted into frequency domain IQ data
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for processing IQ data by a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps:
  • the sending device may include:
  • the conversion module 401 is configured to: convert time domain IQ data to be transmitted into frequency domain IQ data
  • the encoding module 402 is configured to: encode the frequency domain IQ data and then transmit.
  • the receiving device can include:
  • the decoding module 403 is configured to: decode the received frequency domain IQ data
  • the inverse conversion module 404 is configured to: convert the decoded frequency domain IQ data into time domain IQ data.
  • the frequency domain characteristics of the IQ data of the LTE system are mainly used, and the time domain IQ data is first converted to the frequency domain IQ data at the transmitting end, the redundant information is removed, and then the coding is performed to reduce the number of coding points. More effective compression. Therefore, the decoded frequency domain IQ data is inversely converted to the time domain IQ data at the receiving end.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for processing IQ data by a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the apparatus includes:
  • the buffer module 501 is configured to: buffer the time domain IQ data to be sent;
  • the I (real) channel and the Q (imaginary) channel data are not separately compressed, but the I channel data is The Q channel data is interspersed to obtain 1-1 Q-1 1 2-2 Q-2...: [ ⁇ 64 Q- 64 such a buffered data block, that is, the time domain IQ sample data to be transmitted is stored, when stored When the IQ sample number reaches the buffer size (or the threshold value, assuming B), as shown in Figure 7, the I channel (I way) data is placed according to the I path (Q path) data of a sample first, and then Put down the I (Q) and Q (I) data of a sample, intersperse the buffer data, and obtain a column of interpolated data with a length of 2*B. The interspersed data is sent to the conversion. Module.
  • the conversion module 502 is configured to: convert the interpolated time domain IQ data into frequency domain IQ data; in this embodiment, the conversion module can perform FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) on the inserted interpolated IQ time domain data. Leaf transformation), get the frequency domain IQ data.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
  • the generating module 503 is configured to: extract valid samples of the frequency domain IQ data according to respective symmetry characteristics of the I channel data and the Q channel data, and generate a frequency domain IQ data stream;
  • the effective number of points is extracted from the frequency domain I and Q path data, and the output I and Q path data lengths are both B + l.
  • An amplitude compression module or compression module 504 is configured to: perform amplitude suppression on the frequency domain IQ data stream to generate an amplitude compression factor F and compressed IQ data;
  • the encoding module 505 is configured to: encode the compressed IQ data
  • the first data can be removed from the amplitude-compressed I-channel and Q-path data, and block floating-point coding is performed separately, and the encoded data and the first input data are output.
  • the transmitting module 506 is configured to: transmit the amplitude compression factor F and the encoded IQ data.
  • 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for processing IQ data at a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus includes:
  • the receiving module 601 is configured to: receive data and extract an amplitude compression factor F and the encoded IQ data;
  • the decoding module 602 is configured to: perform decoding processing on the IQ data;
  • the recovery module 603 is configured to: perform amplitude recovery on the decoded IQ data according to the amplitude compression factor F to obtain corresponding frequency domain IQ data outputted by the generating module of FIG. 3, and recover according to symmetry of each of the I channel and the Q channel data. Obtaining corresponding complete IQ frequency domain data outputted by the conversion module of FIG. 3; the inverse conversion module 604 is configured to: process the frequency domain IQ data to obtain time domain IQ data; in this embodiment, the complete frequency domain IQ data can be IFFT, get time domain IQ interpolated data. The time domain IQ sample data is then recovered according to the IQ interleaving method shown in FIG.
  • the buffer module 605 is configured to: after processing the time domain IQ data into two channels of I and Q, buffering for subsequent signal processing.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a system for processing IQ data, the system comprising the above-mentioned device for processing IQ data at the transmitting end and the device for processing IQ data at the receiving end.
  • the IQ data IQ has its own symmetry characteristics. Because the 63 points of the real and imaginary parts (66:128) are redundant information, there is no need to participate in the encoding.
  • the first 65 data can be used to recover the original time domain signal through the IFFT at the decoding end. For amplitude compression, different compression factors, 1 , 2, 4 to 256, are chosen to obtain different frequency domain amplitude compression.
  • the number of chips is not compressed separately for the I channel and the Q channel data, but the I channel data is interspersed with the Q channel data to obtain 1-1 Q-1 1 2 Q — 2. .1—64 Q 64 A buffered block of data.
  • the FFT transform is performed on the obtained 128-point real signal, and only the real part and the imaginary part of the first point to the 65th point are subjected to block floating-point coding respectively after the transformation.
  • Block floating point coding is performed on the I path valid signal and the Q path valid signal after the FFT.
  • the size of the buffer obtained after the first data is removed from the I path and the Q path is 64, and the 64 sample values are read in the block float. Point code.
  • the 64-dimensional data is divided into four groups and divided into 16 groups of data blocks. Then determine the maximum value Block_max of 16 blocks of data. Then determine the index of each block by formulas (1) and (2):
  • the coded signal After the coded signal arrives at the receiving end, it performs decoding, amplitude boosting, and inverse FFT transform to obtain a time domain signal.
  • the amplitude increase is the "inverse" of the amplitude compression
  • the inverse FFT is the "inverse" of the FFT, which is not introduced.
  • Decoding is the "inverse" of the encoding.
  • the data obtained after decoding is the first point to the 65th point. For the real part, simply flip the second point to the 64th point with respect to the 65th point.
  • the FFT transform is combined with the block floating-point coding, and the frequency domain features of the data are combined to remove redundant information, reduce the number of code points, and perform compression more effectively.
  • the compression effect of the embodiment of the present invention is remarkable, and with the development of the hardware, the improvement space is large.
  • the embodiments of the present invention may further use other coding schemes according to the frequency domain statistical characteristics of the LTE system IQ data, such as fuzzy block adaptive quantization coding (FBAQ), block adaptive vector quantization coding (BAVQ), and block floating. Point quantization coding (BFPQ) and the like, it is expected to obtain a further improvement in compression performance.
  • FBAQ fuzzy block adaptive quantization coding
  • BAVQ block adaptive vector quantization coding
  • BFPQ Point quantization coding
  • all or a portion of the above steps may be performed by a program to instruct the associated hardware, such as a read only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits.
  • each module/unit in the foregoing embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of a software function module. The invention is not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.
  • the method and device for processing IQ data according to the above technical solution, using the frequency domain characteristics of the IQ data of the LTE system, first converting the time domain IQ data to the frequency domain IQ data at the transmitting end, removing the redundant information, and then performing coding.
  • the number of coding points is reduced to achieve more efficient compression of the CPRI interface data of the LTE system, and meets the requirements of the transmission bandwidth of the current transmission access network, and can implement the high-efficiency compression and decompression functions of the fast and controllable mode of the CPRI interface data of the LTE radio base station system. Therefore, the present invention has strong industrial applicability.

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Abstract

一种处理信号样点数据(IQ数据)的方法及装置,该方法包括:将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据,对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码,然后发送。上述技术方案利用LTE系统IQ数据的频域特点,在发送端先将时域IQ数据转换到频域IQ数据,去除冗余信息,然后再进行编码,减少编码点数,以实现对LTE系统CPRI接口数据更加有效压缩,满足目前传输接入网传输带宽的要求,可以实现LTE无线基站系统CPRI接口数据的快速、可控模式的高效压缩和解压功能。

Description

一种处理信号样点数据的方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及到长期演进(LTE )基站系统通用公共射频接口 (CPRI, Common Public Radio Interface, )的信号样点数据 (简称 IQ数据, 同时 I路数 据指信号样点数据的实部数据, Q路数据指信号样点数据的虚部数据) 的处 理技术领域, 尤其是 LTE基站系统 CPRI的 IQ数据的处理方法及装置。
背景技术
LTE基站设备为分布式基站, 由演进型基带处理单元(eBBU, Evolved
Building Base band Unit )和演进型射频拉远单元( eRRU, Evolved Radio Remote Unit )构成, eBBU和 eRRU之间通过光纤或者电缆连接, 釆用通用公共射 频接口协议进行数据交互。 LTE系统中要实现 BBU和多个 RRU间的网络化 组网连接将占用大量的传输带宽, 目前的传输接入网传输带宽难以满足, 针 对通用公共射频接口 (CPRI ) 的 IQ数据进行压缩是非常值得研究的降低接 口带宽的方法。
LTE 系统是支持以正交频分复用技术(OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing )和多输入多输出( MIMO, Multiple Input Multiple Output ) 技术为核心的无线网络技术。 OFDM信号是随机幅度和相位信号的叠加, 往 往具有较高的峰均平均功率比(PAPR ) , 大部分的信号峰值在很小的范围内, 只有很少的信号峰值起伏很大。
LTE系统 CPRI接口的 IQ数据的频域特性如图 1所示,存在类似的特性, 大部分的信号峰值在很小的范围内, 只有很少的信号峰值起伏很大, 如果釆 取普通的相同位数编码, 信号的最大值决定了编码的位数, 而其余小幅值信 号编码时高位均为 0。 这样编码效率极其低下, 并且增加了传输负担。
块浮点编码算法的基本原理是对数据块做相应的尺度调整, 待计算结束 后再进行尺度恢复。 对长度为 N 的数据块进行块指数调整, 移掉尾数中无 效的高位符号扩展位, 使数据块共享一个相同的指数。 这样, 在对数据块执 行加法和乘法运算时, 无需进行额外的指数操作, 仅对尾数进行加法和乘法 运算即可, 与定点运算一样方便。 由于在对数据块进行块指数调整时仅保留 了一位符号位, 因而能够充分利用有限位长, 提高了精度。 同时, 共享指数 的引入还得到了比定点方法更大的动态范围, 它是由数据块中绝对值最大者 的高位符号扩展位的位数决定的。
块浮点编码将信号样本进行分组(或者称为块) , 然后对每一组的样本 求解指数, 并对尾数进行编码, 从而构成一个压缩数组。 对尾数和指数分别 进行编码虽然增加了额外的压缩, 但也降低了压缩带来的误差。 对于指数编 码, 也可以釆取 2个或者更多的指数差值联合编码的方式, 通过降低每个指 数编码所用的比特数, 从而达到更好的压缩效果。 从大量的统计数据分析得 知, 对于块浮点编码而言, 连续两个样本组对应的输出指数值, 它们的差, 90%位于 {-1 , 0, 1}这个范围里, 98%位于 {-2, 1 , 0, 1 , 2}这个范围内。 可 以利用这个信息, 对指数编码进行修改。
块浮点编码可以避免所有的数据用固定的位数来表示, 非常适合 LTE系 统 IQ频域数据的编码, 而相关技术中还没有针对 LTE无线基站系统 CPRI 接口数据的时域和频域联合特性进行压缩的方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例要解决的技术问题是提供一种处理 IQ数据的方法和装置, 以降低传输带宽, 同时降低传输设备的成本。
为了解决上述技术问题, 釆用如下技术方案:
一种处理信号样点数据的方法, 包括:
将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据,
对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码, 然后发送。
可选地, 所述将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据的 步骤之前, 该方法还包括:
緩存待发送的时域信号样点数据;
当緩存的待发送的时域信号样点数据的样点数达到阔值时, 按照如下方 式处理所述时域信号样点数据:
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据再放虚部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据和虚部数据; 或者
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据再放实部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据和实部数据。
可选地, 所述将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据的 步骤包括:
通过快速傅里叶变换将所述时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数 据;
根据实部数据和虚部数据各自的对称特性提取所述频域信号样点数据的 有效样点, 生成频域信号样点数据流。
可选地, 所述将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据之 后, 该方法还包括:
对所述频域信号样点数据进行幅度压缩, 生成幅度压缩因子和压缩后的 信号样点数据。
可选地, 所述对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码的步骤包括:
按照如下编码方式中的任一种对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码: 块浮点编码、 模糊分块自适应量化编码、 分块自适应矢量量化编码和分 块浮点量化编码。
一种处理信号样点数据的装置, 包括转换模块和编码模块, 其中: 所述转换模块设置成: 将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样 点数据;
所述编码模块设置成: 对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码, 然后发送。 可选地, 还包括緩冲模块, 其中:
所述緩冲模块设置成: 緩存待发送的时域信号样点数据; 当緩存的待发 送的时域信号样点数据的样点数达到阔值时, 按照如下方式处理所述时域信 号样点数据:
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据再放虚部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据和虚部数据; 或者,
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据再放实部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据和实部数据。
可选地, 还包括: 生成模块, 其中
所述转换模块是设置成按照如下方式将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换 为频域信号样点数据: 通过快速傅里叶变换将所述时域信号样点数据转换为 频域信号样点数据;
所述生成模块设置成: 根据实部数据和虚部数据各自的对称特性提取所 述频域信号样点数据的有效样点, 生成频域信号样点数据流。
可选地, 还包括幅度压缩模块, 其中:
所述幅度压缩模块设置成: 对所述频域信号样点数据进行幅度压缩, 生 成幅度压缩因子和压缩后的频域信号样点数据。
可选地, 所述编码模块设置成按照如下方式对所述频域信号样点数据进 行编码:
釆用如下编码方式中的任一种对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码: 块浮点编码、 模糊分块自适应量化编码、 分块自适应矢量量化编码和分 块浮点量化编码。
一种处理信号样点数据的方法, 包括:
对接收到的频域信号样点数据进行解码;
将解码后的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号样点数据。
可选地, 所述对接收到的频域信号样点数据进行解码的步骤之后, 该方 法还包括:
根据从接收到的频域信号样点数据中提取的幅度压缩因子, 对解码后的 频域信号样点数据进行幅度恢复; 根据实部数据和虚部数据各自的对称特性, 将幅度恢复后的频域信号样 点数据恢复为完整的频域信号样点数据。
可选地, 所述将解码后的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号样点数据的 步骤包括:
通过快速傅里叶逆变换将所述完整的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号 样点数据。
一种处理信号样点数据的装置, 包括解码模块和逆转换模块, 其中: 所述解码模块设置成: 对接收到的频域信号样点数据进行解码; 所述逆转换模块设置成: 将解码后的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号 样点数据。
可选地, 还包括恢复模块, 其中:
所述恢复模块设置成: 根据从接收到的频域信号样点数据中提取的幅度 压缩因子, 对解码后的频域信号样点数据进行幅度恢复; 根据实部数据和虚 部数据各自的对称特性, 将幅度恢复后的频域信号样点数据恢复为完整的频 域信号样点数据。
可选地, 所述逆转换模块是设置成按照如下方式将解码后的频域信号样 点数据转换成时域信号样点数据:
通过快速傅里叶逆变换将所述完整的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号 样点数据。
上述技术方案的一种处理 IQ数据的方法及装置, 利用 LTE系统 IQ数据 的频域特点,在发送端先将时域 IQ数据转换到频域 IQ数据,去除冗余信息, 然后再进行编码, 减少编码点数, 以实现对 LTE系统 CPRI接口数据更加有 效压缩, 满足目前传输接入网传输带宽的要求, 可以实现 LTE无线基站系统 CPRI接口数据的快速、 可控模式的高效压缩和解压功能。 附图概述
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 构成本发明的一部 分, 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的 不当限定。 在附图中:
图 1是 LTE系统 IQ数据的频域特性的示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例的发送端处理 IQ数据的方法的流程图;
图 3是本发明实施例的接收端处理 IQ数据的方法的流程图;
图 4是本发明实施例的一种处理 IQ数据的系统的原理框图;
图 5是本发明实施例的一种发送端处理 IQ数据的装置的示意图; 图 6是本发明实施例的一种接收端处理 IQ数据的装置的示意图; 图 7是本发明实施例的 IQ穿插的示意图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。 需要说明的是, 在 不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
图 2本发明实施例的发送端处理 IQ数据的方法的流程图, 如图 2所示, 包括如下步骤:
SI 1、 将待发送的时域 IQ数据转换为频域 IQ数据;
S12、 对所述频域 IQ数据进行编码, 然后发送。
图 3本发明实施例的接收端处理 IQ数据的方法的流程图, 如图 3所示, 包括如下步骤:
521、 对接收到的频域 IQ数据进行解码;
522、 将解码后的频域 IQ数据转换成时域 IQ数据。
图 4是本发明实施例的一种处理 IQ数据的系统的原理框图,如图 4所示, 本实施例中, 发送端装置可以包括:
转换模块 401设置成: 将待发送的时域 IQ数据转换为频域 IQ数据, 编码模块 402设置成: 对所述频域 IQ数据进行编码, 然后发送。
接收端装置可以包括:
解码模块 403设置成: 对接收到的频域 IQ数据进行解码;
逆转换模块 404设置成: 将解码后的频域 IQ数据转换成时域 IQ数据。 本发明实施例中, 主要是利用 LTE系统 IQ数据的频域特点, 在发送端 先将时域 IQ数据转换到频域 IQ数据, 去除冗余信息, 然后再进行编码, 减 少编码点数, 以实现更加有效的压缩。 故在接收端相应地要将解码后的频域 IQ数据逆转换到时域 IQ数据。
图 5为本发明实施例的一种发送端处理 IQ数据的装置的示意图, 如图 5 所示, 该装置包括:
緩冲模块 501设置成: 将待发送的时域 IQ数据进行緩冲处理;
在本实施例中, 考虑到减少 DSP ( Digital Signal Processing, 数字信号处 理 ) 芯片的数目, 不将 I (实部 )通道与 Q (虚部)通道数据进行分别压缩, 而是将 I通道数据与 Q通道数据进行穿插,得到 1—1 Q— 1 1—2 Q— 2…: [― 64 Q— 64 这样的一个緩冲数据块, 即存储需要发送的时域 IQ样点数据, 当存储的 IQ 样点数达到緩冲区大小 (或阔值, 假设为 B ) 时, 如图 7所示, 按照先放一 个样点的 I路( Q路)数据再放 Q路( I路)数据, 然后放下一个样点的 I路 ( Q路)和 Q路(I路)数据的方式, 将緩冲区数据进行穿插, 得到一列长 度为 2*B的穿插后的数据, 穿插后的数据送入转换模块。
转换模块 502设置成: 将穿插后的时域 IQ数据转换为频域 IQ数据; 在本实施例中,转换模块可以对进入的穿插后的 IQ时域数据做 FFT( Fast Fourier Transformation, 快速傅里叶变换) , 得到频域 IQ数据。
生成模块 503设置成: 根据 I路数据和 Q路数据各自的对称特性提取所 述频域 IQ数据的有效样点, 生成频域 IQ数据流;
在本实施例中, 从频域 I路和 Q路数据提取有效点数, 输出的 I路和 Q 路数据长度均为 B+l。
因为 I路数据除了 U。IB+1 , ( 12 , .·· , )与 (IB+2 , ..· , I2*B )关于 IB+1 轴对称(即 I2 = I2*B , IB = IB+2 ) , Q路数据除了 Qi和 QB+i , (Q2 , · · · , QB) 与 (QB+2 , …, Q2*B )关于 QB+1点对称(即 Q2 = -Q2*B , · · · , QB = -QB+2 ) , 因 此只需取第一个、 第 B+1个, I路有效点数就是(11 .·· , :^+ 或^, IB+1..., I2*B ) , Q路有效点数就是(Q l ··· , QB+i )或(Qi , QB+Ι · · · , Q2*B ) 。 其中 认为 Qi是一个恒为 0的常数。
幅度压缩模块或称压缩模块 504设置成:对所述频域 IQ数据流进行幅度 压缩, 生成幅度压缩因子 F和压缩后的 IQ数据;
编码模块 505设置成: 对所述压缩后的 IQ数据进行编码;
在本实施例中, 可以对幅度压缩的 I路和 Q路数据, 除去第一个数据, 分别做块浮点编码, 输出编码后的数据和第一个输入数据。
发送模块 506设置成:发送所述幅度压缩因子 F和所述编码后的 IQ数据。 图 6为本发明实施例的一种接收端处理 IQ数据的装置的示意图, 如图 6 所示, 该装置包括:
接收模块 601设置成:接收数据并提取幅度压缩因子 F和编码后的 IQ数 据;
解码模块 602设置成: 对所述 IQ数据进行解码处理;
恢复模块 603设置成:根据所述幅度压缩因子 F将解码后的 IQ数据进行 幅度恢复得到与图 3生成模块输出的对应的频域 IQ数据,和根据 I路和 Q路 数据各自的对称性恢复得到与图 3转换模块输出的对应完整的 IQ频域数据; 逆转换模块 604设置成: 处理所述频域 IQ数据, 得到时域 IQ数据; 在本实施例中可以对完整频域 IQ数据做 IFFT, 得到时域 IQ穿插数据。 然后根据图 7所示的 IQ穿插方式, 恢复时域 IQ样点数据。
緩冲模块 605设置成:将所述时域 IQ数据处理成 I路和 Q路两路数据后, 进行緩冲, 用于后续信号处理。
本发明实施例还提供了一种处理 IQ数据的系统,该系统包括上述发送端 处理 IQ数据的装置及接收端处理 IQ数据的装置。
下面通过具体实施例进行说明。
本实施例中, IQ数据用 16比特存储, B=64,按照图 7的方式做 IQ穿插, 经过 FFT后的 IQ数据 IQ两路具有各自的对称性特点。 因为实部和虚部的 ( 66:128 )这 63个点都是冗余信息, 不需要参与编码, 使用前 65个数据可 以完整的在解码端通过 IFFT恢复出原始的时域信号。对于幅度压缩, 选取不 同的压缩因子, 1 , 2, 4到 256, 可以获得不同的频域幅度压缩。
例如, 64个样本大小作为一个基本处理数据块,考虑到减少 DSP ( Digital
Signal Processing, 数字信号处理 ) 芯片的数目, 不将 I通道与 Q通道数据进 行分别压缩, 而是将 I通道数据与 Q通道数据进行穿插, 得到 1—1 Q— 1 1 2 Q— 2...1—64 Q 64这样的一个緩冲数据块。对得到的 128点实信号做 FFT变换, 变换后只需对第 1个点到第 65个点的实部与虚部分别进行块浮点编码。
对 FFT后的 I路有效信号和 Q路有效信号分别做块浮点编码。 对于 I路 或 Q路, 由于本实施例中, B=64, 所以 I路和 Q路除去第一个数据后得到的 緩冲区的大小为 64, —次读入 64个样本值进行块浮点编码。 本实施例中, 64维数据以 4个为一组, 分成 16组数据块。 然后分别确定 16块数据的最大 值 Block_max。 再通过公式(1 ) 、 (2 )来确定每块的指数:
2n-e pA < Block _ max ( 1 )
2n-exp > Block _ max ( 2 ) 通过计算得到 16组数据的块指数 n—exp, 由于考虑数据有正有负, 还得 加入一位符号位, 最终得到的块指数 n— exp=n— exp+l。 最后根据得到的块指 数 n—exp , 分别对输入的 16组样本进行编码, 每组样本所需比特数为对应的 块指数 n—exp, 得到对应的块尾数。
编码之后的信号, 到达接受端后进行解码、 幅度提升、 逆 FFT变换, 进 而得到时域信号。 幅度提升是幅度压缩的 "逆" , 逆 FFT是 FFT的 "逆" , 均不作介绍。 解码是编码的 "逆" , 解码之后得到的数据是第 1个点到第 65 个点, 对于实部, 只需将第 2个点到第 64个点关于第 65个点进行翻转即可 得到第 66个点到第 128个点, 即第 66个点与第 64个点相等, 第 67个点与 第 63个点相等, 第 68个点与第 62个点相等; 对于虚部, 只需将第 2个点到 第 64个点关于第 65个点进行翻转并反号即可得到第 66个点到第 128个点, 即第 66个点与第 64个点大小相等符号相反, 第 67个点与第 63个点大小相 等符号相反, 第 68个点与第 62个点大小相等符号相反。 当幅度压缩因子取 1时, I、 Q穿插的压缩情况如表 1所示:
表 I I、 Q穿插的压缩情况
Figure imgf000012_0001
实验结果表明, I、 Q穿插的数据块仍然可以很好的近乎无损压缩到 lObit 左右,由此带来的 EVM( Error Vector Magnitude,误差向量幅度)是0.044207%。
实验测得在不同幅度压缩因子 F下的 EVM值如表 2所示:
表 2 F和 E VM值之间的关系
Figure imgf000012_0002
本发明实施例将 FFT变换与块浮点编码相结合, 并且结合数据的频域特 点, 去除冗余信息, 减少编码点数, 更加有效的进行压缩。 与现有的压缩技 术相比, 本发明实施例的压缩效果较显著, 并且伴随这硬件的发展, 改进空 间较大。
本发明实施例可以根据 LTE系统 IQ数据的频域统计特性, 进一步釆用 其它的编码方案, 例如模糊分块自适应量化编码(FBAQ )、 分块自适应矢量 量化编码(BAVQ )和分块浮点量化编码(BFPQ )等等, 预期获得压缩性 能的进一步提高。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例, 当然, 本发明还可有其他多种实施例, 在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下, 熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本 发明作出各种相应的改变和变形, 但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明 所附的权利要求的保护范围。
工业实用性
上述技术方案的一种处理 IQ数据的方法及装置, 利用 LTE系统 IQ数据 的频域特点,在发送端先将时域 IQ数据转换到频域 IQ数据,去除冗余信息, 然后再进行编码, 减少编码点数, 以实现对 LTE系统 CPRI接口数据更加有 效压缩, 满足目前传输接入网传输带宽的要求, 可以实现 LTE无线基站系统 CPRI接口数据的快速、 可控模式的高效压缩和解压功能。 因此本发明具有很 强的工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种处理信号样点数据的方法, 包括:
将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据,
对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码, 然后发送。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的处理信号样点数据的方法, 其中: 所述将待发送 的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据的步骤之前, 该方法还包括: 緩存待发送的时域信号样点数据;
当緩存的待发送的时域信号样点数据的样点数达到阔值时, 按照如下方 式处理所述时域信号样点数据:
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据再放虚部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据和虚部数据; 或者
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据再放实部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据和实部数据。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的处理信号样点数据的方法, 其中: 所述将待发送 的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据的步骤包括:
通过快速傅里叶变换将所述时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数 据;
根据实部数据和虚部数据各自的对称特性提取所述频域信号样点数据的 有效样点, 生成频域信号样点数据流。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的处理信号样点数据的方法, 其中: 所述将待发送 的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样点数据之后, 该方法还包括:
对所述频域信号样点数据进行幅度压缩, 生成幅度压缩因子和压缩后的 信号样点数据。
5、 如权利要求 1-4任一项所述的处理信号样点数据的方法, 其中: 所述 对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码的步骤包括:
按照如下编码方式中的任一种对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码: 块浮点编码、 模糊分块自适应量化编码、 分块自适应矢量量化编码和分 块浮点量化编码。
6、 一种处理信号样点数据的装置, 包括转换模块和编码模块, 其中: 所述转换模块设置成: 将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换为频域信号样 点数据;
所述编码模块设置成: 对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码, 然后发送。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的处理信号样点数据的装置, 还包括緩冲模块, 其 中:
所述緩冲模块设置成: 緩存待发送的时域信号样点数据; 当緩存的待发 送的时域信号样点数据的样点数达到阔值时, 按照如下方式处理所述时域信 号样点数据:
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据再放虚部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的实部数据和虚部数据; 或者,
先放一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据再放实部数据, 然后放下 一个样点的时域信号样点数据的虚部数据和实部数据。
8、 如权利要求 6所述的处理信号样点数据的装置, 还包括: 生成模块, 其中
所述转换模块是设置成按照如下方式将待发送的时域信号样点数据转换 为频域信号样点数据: 通过快速傅里叶变换将所述时域信号样点数据转换为 频域信号样点数据;
所述生成模块设置成: 根据实部数据和虚部数据各自的对称特性提取所 述频域信号样点数据的有效样点, 生成频域信号样点数据流。
9、如权利要求 6所述的处理信号样点数据的装置,还包括幅度压缩模块, 其中:
所述幅度压缩模块设置成: 对所述频域信号样点数据进行幅度压缩, 生 成幅度压缩因子和压缩后的频域信号样点数据。
10、 如权利要求 6-9 中任一项所述的处理信号样点数据的装置, 其中: 所述编码模块设置成按照如下方式对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码:
釆用如下编码方式中的任一种对所述频域信号样点数据进行编码: 块浮点编码、 模糊分块自适应量化编码、 分块自适应矢量量化编码和分 块浮点量化编码。
11、 一种处理信号样点数据的方法, 包括: 对接收到的频域信号样点数据进行解码;
将解码后的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号样点数据。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的处理信号样点数据的方法, 其中, 所述对接收 到的频域信号样点数据进行解码的步骤之后, 该方法还包括:
根据从接收到的频域信号样点数据中提取的幅度压缩因子, 对解码后的 频域信号样点数据进行幅度恢复;
根据实部数据和虚部数据各自的对称特性, 将幅度恢复后的频域信号样 点数据恢复为完整的频域信号样点数据。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的处理信号样点数据的方法, 其中, 所述将解码 后的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号样点数据的步骤包括:
通过快速傅里叶逆变换将所述完整的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号 样点数据。
14、 一种处理信号样点数据的装置, 包括解码模块和逆转换模块, 其中: 所述解码模块设置成: 对接收到的频域信号样点数据进行解码; 所述逆转换模块设置成: 将解码后的频域信号样点数据转换成时域信号 样点数据。
15、 如权利要求 14所述的处理信号样点数据的装置, 还包括恢复模块, 其中:
所述恢复模块设置成: 根据从接收到的频域信号样点数据中提取的幅度 压缩因子, 对解码后的频域信号样点数据进行幅度恢复; 根据实部数据和虚 部数据各自的对称特性, 将幅度恢复后的频域信号样点数据恢复为完整的频 域信号样点数据。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的处理信号样点数据的装置, 其中, 所述逆转换 模块是设置成: 通过快速傅里叶逆变换将所述完整的频域信号样点数据转换 成时域信号样点数据。
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