WO2014202010A1 - 外科手术器械及其驱动装置 - Google Patents
外科手术器械及其驱动装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014202010A1 WO2014202010A1 PCT/CN2014/080279 CN2014080279W WO2014202010A1 WO 2014202010 A1 WO2014202010 A1 WO 2014202010A1 CN 2014080279 W CN2014080279 W CN 2014080279W WO 2014202010 A1 WO2014202010 A1 WO 2014202010A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ratchet
- handle
- pawl
- driving
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
- F16D41/16—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like the action being reversible
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
- A61B2017/00398—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
- A61B2017/00407—Ratchet means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00681—Aspects not otherwise provided for
- A61B2017/00734—Aspects not otherwise provided for battery operated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B17/2909—Handles
- A61B2017/2912—Handles transmission of forces to actuating rod or piston
- A61B2017/2923—Toothed members, e.g. rack and pinion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
- A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/2946—Locking means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0818—Redundant systems, e.g. using two independent measuring systems and comparing the signals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument and a driving device thereof. Background technique
- the cutting stapler is a medical device widely used in surgery. It has two functions of suturing and cutting, and the incision can be sutured while cutting the tissue.
- the cutting stapler typically includes a handle 10, an elongate body 11 and an end effector 12, wherein the handle 10 is provided with a drive for gripping and operating by a user to provide control and actuation, the handle 10
- the distal side (the side that is close to the user when operating is proximal and the side that is remote from the user is distal) is connected to the end effector 12 by the elongate body 11 and the end effector 12 is used for control of the handle 10 Drive and cut and suture the tissue.
- the electric cutting stapler is a surgical instrument capable of improving the operation efficiency and the accuracy of the operation, and the motor located in the handle is used as a power source to provide a driving force for the transmission mechanism to control the opening and closing of the jaw of the end effector. And the advancement and retreat of the device.
- a disadvantage of the prior art is that when the electric cutting stapler fails during use, for example, the battery is exhausted or the motor is faulty, it is impossible to continue the half of the cutting and suturing operation, and because of the self of the motor The resistance is extremely great, and it is difficult to achieve the opening and retracting of the device by manual means, which will lead to the failure of the operation, causing great pain to the patient, and if the new surgical instrument is replaced, not only the operation cost is high, but also there is a comparison. Big surgery risk. Summary of the invention
- a planetary gear reduction gearbox wherein an input sun gear of the planetary gear reduction gearbox is drivingly connected to an output shaft of the motor, and an output planet carrier of the planetary gear reduction gearbox is drivingly connected to an actuator of a surgical device through a transmission mechanism;
- a two-way ratchet mechanism including a ratchet, a two-way pawl assembly and a stop mechanism, the ratchet being fixedly coupled to a ring gear of the planetary gear reduction box, the two-way pawl assembly including a two-way pawl, the stop mechanism capable of Selectively driving the first or second locking end of the two-way pawl to lock the ratchet such that: the ratchet can be locked when the motor is driven by the planetary gearbox Corresponding rotation enables the corresponding rotation of the ratchet to be unlocked when the transmission mechanism drives the planetary gear reduction gearbox.
- the two-way pawl assembly further includes: a pin and a first torsion spring, wherein the two-way pawl is pivotally mounted on the pin, the first torsion spring is sleeved on the pin and is at In an energy storage state, the two spring arms of the first torsion spring respectively abut against the two-way pawl and the blocking wall fixed opposite to the pin shaft, so that the second locking end of the two-way pawl is inserted into the Between the teeth of the ratchet;
- the driving device further includes: a driving handle for controlling the motor to be turned on and off and controlling a rotation direction of the motor, wherein the stopping mechanism is a stopper provided on the driving handle, when the driving handle is operated The stopper pushes the first locking end of the two-way pawl into between the teeth of the ratchet when rotating toward the ratchet mechanism.
- a driving handle for controlling the motor to be turned on and off and controlling a rotation direction of the motor
- the stopping mechanism is a stopper provided on the driving handle, when the driving handle is operated The stopper pushes the first locking end of the two-way pawl into between the teeth of the ratchet when rotating toward the ratchet mechanism.
- the retainer is a stopper of an elastic material and is hinged with the driving handle, the driving handle has a limiting post, and the stopping device has a limiting slot matched with the limiting post .
- the driving handle has a limiting guiding groove
- the stopping device comprises an ejector for pushing the first locking end of the two-way pawl, and a guiding member movable along the limiting guiding groove And connecting a compression spring between the ejector member and the guide member.
- the retainer is a stopper of an elastic material and is fixedly connected to the driving handle.
- the two-way pawl assembly further includes: a pin shaft, a push button having a protrusion, and a second torsion spring, wherein the two-way pawl and the push button have a spring arm card slot, and the second twist a spring, the two-way pawl and the push button are sequentially sleeved on the pin shaft from the inside to the outside, and the two spring arms of the second torsion spring abut against the two-way pawl and the push button The spring arm card slot;
- the driving device further includes: a driving handle for controlling the motor to be turned on and off and controlling a rotation direction of the motor, wherein the stopping mechanism is a guiding groove disposed on the driving handle and engaging with the protrusion, When the drive handle is rotated toward the ratchet mechanism, the first locking end of the two-way pawl is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet, and when the drive handle is rotated back to the ratchet mechanism, the two-way The second locking end of the pawl is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet.
- the spring arm slot of the push button is C-shaped.
- the transport mechanism includes a rack that is drivingly coupled to the actuator of the surgical instrument, the drive device further comprising: a reset cap coupled to the rack.
- the side of the rack facing the driving handle has a ratchet tooth
- the driving device further includes: a one-way pawl hinged to the driving handle, and a third torsion spring sleeved on the hinge shaft of the driving handle and the one-way pawl, the third torsion spring Two spring arms respectively abut the one-way pawl and the driving handle;
- the one-way pawl pushes the rack forward as the reciprocating operation of the drive handle rotates toward the ratchet mechanism.
- the driving handle includes a forward handle and a retracting handle, wherein the forward handle is adjacent to the ratchet mechanism;
- the transmission mechanism further includes: a main shaft coupled to the output carrier of the planetary gear reduction case, a first gear disposed on the main shaft, and a second meshing engagement with the first gear and the rack, respectively gear.
- the planetary gear reduction box is a three-stage planetary gear reduction box, and the number of each stage of the planetary gears is three.
- the embodiment of the invention further provides a surgical instrument, comprising the driving device according to any of the preceding technical solutions.
- the surgical instrument is a cutting stapler having a mirror size.
- the stopping mechanism can selectively drive the first locking end or the second locking end of the bidirectional pawl to lock the ratchet.
- the stopping mechanism can Locking the corresponding rotation of the ratchet, the power of the motor can be output to the transmission mechanism to realize electric advancement and electric retraction; when the transmission mechanism drives the planetary gear reduction box, the stop mechanism can make the corresponding rotation of the ratchet unlocked,
- the planetary gear reducer is idling, the power is not transmitted to the output shaft of the motor, and the resistance of the motor is not transmitted to the planetary gear reducer, so manual retraction and manual advancement can be realized.
- the drive unit and the surgical instrument have both electric and manual functions, which greatly reduces the risk of surgical failure and provides a more flexible operation for the doctor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a conventional cutting stapler
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a driving device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission connection between the motor and the planetary gear reduction box
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a two-way ratchet mechanism and a stopper according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a two-way ratchet mechanism and a stopper according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- 2 is a schematic structural view of a two-way ratchet mechanism and a stopper
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a pawl mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a driving handle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- embodiments of the present invention provide a surgical instrument and a drive therefor.
- the stopping mechanism can selectively drive the first locking end or the second locking end of the bidirectional pawl to lock the ratchet.
- the stopping mechanism can Locking the corresponding rotation of the ratchet, the power of the motor can be output to the transmission mechanism to realize electric advancement and electric retraction; when the transmission mechanism drives the planetary gear reduction box, the stop mechanism can make the corresponding rotation of the ratchet unlocked, At this time, the planetary gear reducer is idling, the power is not transmitted to the output shaft of the motor, and the resistance of the motor is not transmitted to the planetary gear reducer, so manual retraction and manual advancement can be realized.
- the drive unit and the surgical instrument combine both electric and manual functions, greatly reducing the risk of surgical failure and providing a more flexible operation for the doctor. In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below.
- a driving device for a surgical instrument includes: a motor 13;
- the planetary gear reducer 14 the input sun gear of the planetary gear reducer 14 is drivingly connected with the output shaft of the motor 13 , and the output planet carrier of the planetary gear reducer 14 passes through the transmission mechanism and the surgical instrument Actuator drive connection;
- the two-way ratchet mechanism includes a ratchet 20, a bidirectional pawl assembly and a stop mechanism.
- the ratchet 20 is fixedly coupled to the ring gear 17 of the planetary gear reduction case 14, and the bidirectional pawl assembly includes a bidirectional pawl 21, and the stop mechanism can selectively The first locking end 22 or the second locking end 23 of the two-way pawl 21 is driven to lock the ratchet 20 so that: when the motor 13 is driven by the planetary gear reduction box 14, the corresponding rotation of the ratchet 20 can be locked, during transmission When the mechanism drives the planetary gear reducer 14, the corresponding rotation of the ratchet 20 can be unlocked.
- the specific type of surgical instrument including the driving device is not limited, and may be, for example, a pliers, a cutting stapler, or the like that requires opening, closing, advancing, and retracting.
- the “distal” refers to the side of the device that is remote from the user when operated, and the “proximal” refers to the side of the device that is near the user when operated.
- “Forward” points in a direction away from the user, and "Back” refers to moving in a direction close to the user.
- the "forward rotation, and" reversal can be specifically defined.
- forward rotation refers to clockwise rotation
- reverse rotation refers to counterclockwise rotation
- forward rotation refers to counterclockwise rotation
- reverse rotation refers to “reverse rotation” Rotating clockwise, no matter how defined, requires that the drive of the drive be adapted to the application.
- Planetary gear reducer is widely used in medical equipment and other fields due to its compact structure, small return clearance, high rated output torque, high precision and long service life. Planetary gearboxes can be divided into multiple stages according to the gear ratio, such as primary deceleration, secondary deceleration, and tertiary deceleration.
- the planetary gear reduction case 14 is preferably a three-stage planetary gear reduction case, and the number of each stage of the planetary gears. For three.
- each stage includes the sun gear 15, the planetary gear 16 And planet carrier 19.
- the first-stage sun gear is connected with the output shaft of the motor 13
- the three first-stage planetary gears mesh with the first-stage sun gear
- the first-stage planet carrier is connected with the second-stage sun gear
- the secondary carrier is connected to the third-stage sun gear
- the three three-stage planetary gears mesh with the third-stage sun gear
- the three-stage planetary carrier ie, the output carrier
- three stages Planetary wheel, three secondary planetary gears and three three-stage planetary gears are all connected with the ring gear (the ring gear is one type with inner ring)
- the planetary gear reduction box 14 has an output side end cover 18 that is fixedly coupled to the ring gear 17, and the ratchet wheel 20 is fixedly coupled to the output side end cover 18, thereby realizing the ratchet 20 and the ring gear 17.
- Fixed connection
- the ratchet 20 and the ring gear 17 can also be fixedly connected by other means.
- the ratchet can be directly fixed to the end surface of the ring gear by welding or bolt fastening.
- the working principle of the drive unit is:
- the two-way ratchet mechanism can change the swinging direction of the two-way pawl 21 to selectively actuate the two locking ends of the two-way pawl 21 to the ratchet 20 to respectively lock the rotation of the ratchet 20 in different directions, and when the pawl 21 The ratchet 20 is allowed to rotate in the other direction when the ratchet 20 is locked in one of the directions.
- the ratchet 20 of the two-way ratchet mechanism has a symmetrical tooth shape, such as a rectangular shape, and the pawl 21 has two locking ends on both sides of the swing shaft, and the two locking ends can be symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed.
- the pawl 21 has a symmetrical structure.
- the "corresponding rotation” means: when the motor 13 is rotating forward, the ratchet 20 has a reverse rotation tendency (if not unlocked at this time, it will be driven by the motor 13 to be reversed, Thereby, the planetary gear reduction box 14 is in an idling state, and the driving of the motor 13 is not transmitted to the transmission mechanism; similarly, when the motor 13 is reversed, the ratchet 20 has a forward rotation tendency (if not locked at this time, It will be driven by the motor 13 to rotate forward, causing the planetary gear reducer 14 to be in an idling state, and the drive of the motor 13 will not be transmitted to the transmission mechanism); when the transmission mechanism drives the output carrier of the planetary gear reduction case 14 to rotate forward, the ratchet 20 has a forward rotation tendency (if it is not locked at this time, it will be driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate forward, causing the planetary gear reduction case 14 to be in an idling state, and the resistance of the motor 13 is not transmitted to the transmission
- the ring gear 17 has a tendency to rotate opposite to the rotation of the motor 13.
- the surgical instrument can realize the functions of closing, cutting and suturing under the electric forward drive, and can realize the functions of opening and retracting under the electric retracting drive.
- the transmission mechanism drives the three-stage planetary carrier of the planetary gear reduction box 14 to rotate (ie, transmits).
- the rotation tendency of the ring gear 17 and the ratchet 20 in the case where the transmission mechanism drives the planetary gear reduction case 14 is opposite to the rotation tendency in the case where the motor 13 drives the planetary gear reduction case 14 Therefore, even when the ratchet 20 and the two-way pawl 21 are not locked, the two-way pawl 21 does not lock the reverse rotation of the ratchet 20 and the ring gear 17, thereby allowing the previous operation to be continued by manual operation. (Advancing or retracting), while the two-way pawl 21 is disengaged from the ratchet 20 or rotated in the opposite direction of the locking ratchet 20, the operation opposite to the previous operation is allowed to be manually driven.
- the driving force of the transmission mechanism will drive the ring gear 17 (the ring gear 17 has the same steering as the three-stage planet carrier), the planetary gear 16 and the carrier 19 in each stage, and the secondary sun gear and the third-stage sun gear.
- the first-stage sun gear since the first-stage sun gear is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor, the first-stage sun gear does not rotate, the entire planetary gear reduction box 14 is in an idling state, and the resistance of the motor 13 is not transmitted to the planetary gear reduction box 14, which can be manually Go forward or manually roll back.
- the bidirectional pawl assembly further includes: a pin 24 and a first torsion spring 25a, wherein the bidirectional pawl 21 is pivotally mounted to the pin 24, and the first torsion spring 25a is sleeved on The pin 24 is in an energy storage state, and the two spring arms of the first torsion spring 25a respectively abut against the bidirectional pawl 21 and the blocking wall fixed opposite to the pin 24, so that the second locking end 23 of the bidirectional pawl 21 Inserting between the teeth of the ratchet 20 to lock the rotation of the ratchet 20 in one direction;
- the driving device further includes: a driving handle 26 for controlling the rotation of the motor 13 and the power source to turn on and controlling the rotation direction of the motor 13, the stopping mechanism is a stopper 27 disposed on the driving handle 26, when the operating driving handle 26 is rotated toward the ratchet mechanism, The stopper 27 pushes the first lock end 22 of the two-way pawl 21 into between the teeth of the ratchet 20 to lock the rotation of the ratchet 20 in the other direction.
- the specific implementation manner of controlling the rotation of the motor 13 and controlling the rotation direction of the motor 13 by the driving handle 26 is not limited.
- an elastic ejector pin may be disposed in the driving handle 26 when the driving handle 26 is rotated to a certain angle toward the ratchet mechanism.
- the elastic thimble rotates with it and turns on the forward circuit of the driving device.
- the elastic thimble rotates and the return circuit of the driving device is turned on, when the driving handle is not operated.
- the motor 13 is not connected to the power source.
- the pin 24 is fixed to the handle housing of the surgical instrument (the driving device is located inside the handle housing, in order to embody the structure of the driving device, the handle housing is not shown in the figure), and the blocking wall is the handle housing The inner wall. It is worth mentioning that the pin 24 can also be fixed to the structural member inside the handle housing, and the blocking wall can also be the side wall of the structural member inside the handle housing. As shown in FIG. 4, a step surface may be designed on the bidirectional pawl 21, and the first torsion spring 25a is placed in the step surface, at which time the two spring arms of the first torsion spring 25a abut against the step surface and the handle housing, respectively. The inner wall.
- the second lock end 23 of the two-way pawl 21 is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet 20 by the torque of the first torsion spring 25a.
- the stopper 27 pushes the first locking end 22 of the two-way pawl 21 into between the teeth of the ratchet 20. Therefore, in this embodiment, the two-way pawl 21 can be in two positional states, respectively.
- the stopper 27 can selectively drive the two locking ends of the two-way pawl 21 to respectively lock the corresponding rotation of the ratchet 20, and when the driving handle 26 is reset, since the stopper 27 is disposed on the driving handle 26, The stopper 27 will be reset with the driving handle 26, and the pressure of the stopper 27 to the first locking end 22 of the bidirectional pawl 21 will be released, and the bidirectional pawl 21 will be reset to the initial position by the first torsion spring 25a. The position (i.e., the second locking end 23 of the two-way pawl 21 is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet 20).
- the specific structure of the stopper 27 is not limited. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the stopper 27 is a stopper of an elastic material and is hinged with the driving handle 26, and the driving handle 26 has a limiting post 46, the stopper 27 has a limiting slot 47 that cooperates with the limiting post 46 (in this view, the limiting post 46 and the limiting slot 47 are hidden inside the stop 27, thus shown in dashed lines).
- the drive handle 26 has a limit guiding groove 28, and the stopper 27 includes an ejector member 29 for pushing the first locking end 22 of the two-way pawl 21, and is movable along the limit guiding groove 28.
- the moving guide member 30 and the compression spring 31 connected between the ejector member 29 and the guide member 30.
- the stopper 27 is a stopper of an elastic material and is fixedly coupled to the drive handle 26.
- the stoppers 27 can selectively drive the two locking ends of the two-way pawl 21 to respectively lock the corresponding rotation of the ratchet 20, and can be reset with the reset of the driving handle 26, and in addition, when the stop When the device 27 is pressed against the first locking end 22 of the two-way pawl 21, the first locking end 22 can lock the rotation of the ratchet 20 in one direction; the rotation of the ratchet 20 in the other direction is not locked.
- the rotation of the ratchet 20 in the other direction can bounce the first locking end 22, at which time the first locking end 22 exerts a reaction force on the stopper 27, and since the stopper 27 has elasticity as a whole, the stop The spring 27 will be elastically deformed, which helps to reduce the rotational resistance of the ratchet 20 in the other direction that is not locked.
- FIG. 7 shows another detent assembly structure.
- the two-way pawl assembly further includes: a pin 24, a push button 32 having a protrusion 34, and a second torsion spring 25b, wherein the two-way pawl 21 and the push button 32 have a spring arm slot 33, a second torsion spring 25b, and a two-way
- the pawl 21 and the push button 32 are sleeved on the pin shaft 24 from the inside to the outside, and the two spring arms of the second torsion spring 25b abut against the two-way pawl 21 and the spring arm slot 33 of the push button 32;
- the driving device further includes: a driving handle 26 for controlling the rotation of the motor 13 and the power source to turn on and controlling the rotation direction of the motor 13, the stopping mechanism is a guiding groove 35 disposed on the driving handle 26 and engaging with the protrusion 34, when the driving handle 26 is operated toward the ratchet
- the mechanism rotates, the first locking end 22 of the two-way pawl 21 is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet 20 to lock the rotation of the ratchet 20 in one direction.
- the second-stage pawl 21 The two locking ends 23 are inserted between the teeth of the ratchet 20 to lock the rotation of the ratchet 20 in the other direction.
- the fixing manner of the pin 24 is not limited, for example, it can be fixed to the handle housing of the surgical hand instrument, and the second torsion spring 25b can be a C-shaped spring.
- the drive handle 26 is not operated, the first lock end 22 and the second lock end 23 of the two-way pawl 21 are not in contact with the ratchet 20, and the ratchet 20 is unlocked in both directions.
- the driving handle 26 pushes the push button 32 to rotate, and the spring arm slot 33 of the push button 32 compresses one side of the spring of the second torsion spring 25b, and the other side of the second torsion spring 25b
- the spring arm will push the spring arm slot 33 of the two-way pawl 21, thereby pushing the first locking end 22 of the two-way pawl 21 into between the teeth of the ratchet 20.
- the drive handle 26 is operated away from the ratchet mechanism When rotated, the second locking end 23 of the two-way pawl 21 is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet 20. Therefore, in this embodiment, the two-way pawl 21 can be in three position states, respectively.
- the spring arm slot 33 of the push button 32 is C-shaped.
- the falling of the second torsion spring 25b can be prevented, which makes the structure of the surgical instrument more reliable.
- the transport mechanism includes a transmission member that is drivingly coupled to the actuator of the surgical instrument.
- the transmission member is a rack 36
- the drive device further includes: a reset cap 37 coupled to the rack 36.
- the reset cap 37 and the rack 36 can be specifically connected by a metal pin.
- the ratchet 36 can be retracted by pulling the reset cap 37 proximally when the ratchet 20 is rotated correspondingly without locking, so that the actuator connected to the rack 36 is returned.
- Retract for example, retracting the cutter or closure of the end effector in the cutting stapler
- the resistance of the motor 13 is not transmitted to the planetary gear reduction case 14.
- the driving device further includes: a one-way pawl 39 hinged to the drive handle 26, and a sleeve and a sleeve To the third torsion spring 25c of the hinge shaft of the pawl 39, the two spring arms of the third torsion spring 25c abut against the one-way pawl 39 and the drive handle 26, respectively, and the one-way pawl 39 is inserted into the ratchet teeth 38.
- the third torsion spring 25c is in a natural state; in actual assembly, the third torsion spring 25c will be in a compressed state, so that the one-way pawl 39 is inserted between the teeth of the ratchet teeth 38, And the third torsion spring 25c is not visible in the side view; when the reciprocating drive lever 26 is rotated toward the ratchet mechanism, the one-way pawl 39 pushes the rack 36 forward.
- the reciprocating drive handle 26 When manual advancement of the instrument is required, the reciprocating drive handle 26 is rotated toward the ratchet mechanism and the one-way pawl 39 will advance the rack 36 for manual advancement of the instrument. At this time, whether the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, or the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the two-way pawl 21 has no locking for the manual forward rotation of the ratchet 20, and the planetary gear reduction case 14 Idle, the resistance of the motor 13 is not transmitted Give the planetary gear reducer 14.
- the driving handle 26 includes a forward handle 41 and a retracting handle 42, wherein the forward handle 41 is adjacent to the ratchet mechanism; the transport mechanism further includes: a main shaft 43 coupled to the output carrier of the planetary gear reduction box 14, disposed on A first gear 44 on the main shaft 43 and a second gear 45 meshing with the first gear 44 and the rack 36, respectively.
- the structure of the transmission mechanism is not limited, and the specific type and number of gears are not limited.
- the advancement handle 41 When advancement is required, the advancement handle 41 is pressed proximally, and when the retraction is required, the retraction handle 42 is pushed distally, which is more convenient for the operator to operate accurately.
- the structural form of the driving handle 26 is not limited thereto.
- the operating handle 26 may only include one operating handle, or the driving handle 26 may be designed in a ring shape, and the finger may be placed in the ring to be pressed forward and forward. The side pushes the back-off operation.
- the four forward and reverse rotations of the motor 13 refer to clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation, respectively.
- the four operating modes of the drive device are:
- the electric retraction the backrest ratchet mechanism continues to push the retracting handle 42, the motor 13 is reversed, and the second locking end 23 of the bidirectional pawl 21 locks the forward rotation of the ratchet 20 and reverses without locking (ie, electric retraction)
- the rotation of the lock is manually reversed and the rotation is unlocked.
- the drive of the motor 13 is transmitted to the transmission mechanism through the planetary gear reduction case 14.
- the output carrier of the planetary gear reduction case 14, the main shaft 43, and the first gear 44 are reversed, and the second gear is reversed. 45 forward rotation, the rack 36 retracts, thereby achieving electric retraction.
- the bidirectional pawl 21 has no contact with the ratchet 20, and the ratchet 20 has no bidirectionality.
- the lock, and thus, the planetary gear reduction case 14 is idling, and the resistance of the motor 13 is not transmitted to the planetary gear reduction case 14, thereby achieving manual advancement of the instrument.
- the stop mechanism can selectively drive the first locking end 22 or the second locking end 23 of the two-way pawl 21 to lock the ratchet 20, when the motor 13 is provided through the planetary gear reduction case 14.
- the stop mechanism can lock the corresponding rotation of the ratchet 20, and the power of the motor 13 can be output to the transmission mechanism to realize electric advancement and electric retraction; when the transmission mechanism drives the planetary gear reduction case 14, the stop mechanism The corresponding rotation of the ratchet 20 can be unlocked.
- the planetary gear reduction case 14 is idling, the power is not transmitted to the output shaft of the motor 13, and the resistance of the motor 13 is not transmitted to the planetary gear reduction case 14, so that manual return can be realized.
- An embodiment of the present invention further provides a surgical instrument comprising the driving device of any of the preceding embodiments.
- the type of surgical instrument is not limited, and in one embodiment, the surgical instrument is a cutting stapler having a luminal size. Since the surgical instrument provided by the embodiment has both electric and manual functions, the risk of surgical failure is greatly reduced, and the doctor is provided with a more flexible operation mode.
- the spirit and scope of the invention Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and the modifications of the invention
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Abstract
一种外科手术器械及其驱动装置,兼具电动和手动功能,以减少外科手术失败风险,为医生提供更灵活的操作方式;驱动装置包括:电机(13);行星齿轮减速箱(14),行星齿轮减速箱(14)的输入太阳轮(15)与电机(13)的输出轴传动连接,行星齿轮减速箱(14)的输出行星架(16)通过传输机构与外科手术器械的执行机构传动连接;双向式棘轮机构,包括棘轮(20)、双向棘爪组件和止位机构,棘轮(20)与行星齿轮减速箱(14)的齿圈(17)固定连接,双向棘爪组件包括双向棘爪(21),止位机构能够选择性地驱动双向棘爪(21)的第一锁止端(22)或第二锁止端(23)来锁止棘轮(20),使得:在电机(13)通过行星齿轮减速箱(14)提供驱动时能够锁止棘轮(20)的相应转动,在传输机构带动行星齿轮减速箱(14)时能够使所述棘轮(20)的相应转动无锁止。
Description
外科手术器械及其驱动装置 本申请要求在 2013 年 06 月 20 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201310247715.2、发明名称为"外科手术器械及其驱动装置 "的中国专利申请的 优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域 本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域, 特别是涉及一种外科手术器械及其驱动 装置。 背景技术
切割缝合器是一种被广泛应用于外科手术中的医疗器械, 具有缝合与切 割两个功能, 在对组织进行切割的同时, 可对切口进行缝合。 如图 1 所示, 切割缝合器通常包括手柄 10、 细长体 11和末端执行器 12, 其中, 手柄 10设 置有驱动装置, 用于被使用者握持和操作以提供控制和驱动, 手柄 10的远侧 (操作时靠近使用者的一侧为近侧, 远离使用者的一侧为远侧)通过细长体 11与末端执行器 12连接,末端执行器 12用于在手柄 10的控制和驱动下对组 织执行切割和缝合。
电动式切割缝合器是一种可以提高手术效率及手术精确度的外科手术器 械, 其由位于手柄内的电机作为动力源为传输机构提供驱动力, 以控制末端 执行器的钳口的张开闭合及器械的前进与回退。
现有技术存在的缺陷在于, 当电动式切割缝合器在使用过程中出现故障, 例如电池的电量用尽或者电动机故障, 这时便无法继续已经进行了一半的切 割缝合动作, 并且由于电机的自阻力极大, 也很难通过手动的方式实现器械 的张开和回退, 会导致手术失败, 给患者带来极大痛苦, 并且如果更换新的 手术器械, 不但手术费用较高, 而且存在较大的手术风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种外科手术器械及其驱动装置, 该外科手术器械 及其驱动装置兼具电动功能和手动功能, 以减少外科手术失败的风险, 并可 为医生提供更加灵活的操作方式。
本发明实施例所提供的外科手术器械的驱动装置, 包括:
电机;
行星齿轮减速箱, 所述行星齿轮减速箱的输入太阳轮与所述电机的输出 轴传动连接, 所述行星齿轮减速箱的输出行星架通过传输机构与外科手术器 械的执行机构传动连接;
双向式棘轮机构, 包括棘轮、 双向棘爪组件和止位机构, 所述棘轮与所 述行星齿轮减速箱的齿圈固定连接, 所述双向棘爪组件包括双向棘爪, 所述 止位机构能够选择性地驱动所述双向棘爪的第一锁止端或第二锁止端来锁止 所述棘轮, 使得: 在所述电机通过所述行星齿轮减速箱提供驱动时能够锁止 所述棘轮的相应转动, 在所述传输机构带动所述行星齿轮减速箱时能够使所 述棘轮的相应转动无锁止。
优选的, 所述双向棘爪组件还包括: 销轴和第一扭簧, 其中, 所述双向 棘爪枢装于所述销轴, 所述第一扭簧套设于所述销轴且处于蓄能状态, 所述 第一扭簧的两个簧臂分别抵接于所述双向棘爪和与所述销轴相对固定的阻挡 壁, 使所述双向棘爪的第二锁止端插入所述棘轮的齿间;
所述驱动装置还包括: 控制所述电机与电源通断及控制所述电机旋转方 向的驱动柄, 所述止位机构为设置于所述驱动柄上的止位器, 当操作所述驱 动柄朝向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述止位器推动所述双向棘爪的所述第一锁 止端插入所述棘轮的齿间。
可选的, 所述止位器为弹性材质的止位器且与所述驱动柄铰接, 所述驱 动柄具有限位柱, 所述止位器具有与所述限位柱配合的限位槽。
可选的, 所述驱动柄具有限位导向槽, 所述止位器包括推动所述双向棘 爪的所述第一锁止端的推顶件、 可沿所述限位导向槽移动的导向件以及连接
于所述推顶件和所述导向件之间的压簧。
可选的, 所述止位器为弹性材质的止位器且与所述驱动柄固定连接。 优选的, 所述双向棘爪组件还包括: 销轴、 具有凸起的推钮和第二扭簧, 其中, 所述双向棘爪与所述推钮具有簧臂卡槽, 所述第二扭簧、 所述双向棘 爪和所述推钮从内到外依次套设于所述销轴 , 所述第二扭簧的两个簧臂抵接 于所述双向棘爪与所述推钮的所述簧臂卡槽;
所述驱动装置还包括: 控制所述电机与电源通断及控制所述电机旋转方 向的驱动柄, 所述止位机构为设置于驱动柄的与所述凸起配合的导向槽, 当 操作所述驱动柄朝向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述双向棘爪的所述第一锁止端 插入所述棘轮的齿间, 当操作所述驱动柄背向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述双 向棘爪的所述第二锁止端插入所述棘轮的齿间。
更优的, 所述推钮的簧臂卡槽呈 C形。
优选的, 所述传输机构包括与外科手术器械的所述执行机构传动连接的 齿条, 所述驱动装置还包括: 与所述齿条连接的复位帽。
优选的, 所述齿条面向所述驱动柄的一侧具有棘条齿;
所述驱动装置还包括: 与所述驱动柄铰接的单向棘爪, 以及套设于所述 驱动柄和所述单向棘爪的铰接轴的第三扭簧, 所述第三扭簧的两个簧臂分别 抵接于所述单向棘爪和所述驱动柄;
当往复操作所述驱动柄朝向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述单向棘爪推动所 述齿条前进。
更优的, 所述驱动柄包括前进柄和回退柄, 其中, 所述前进柄靠近所述 棘轮机构;
所述传输机构还包括: 与所述行星齿轮减速箱的输出行星架连接的主轴、 设置于所述主轴上的第一齿轮, 以及与所述第一齿轮和所述齿条分别啮合的 第二齿轮。
优选的, 所述行星齿轮减速箱为三级行星齿轮减速箱, 每一级行星轮的 数量为三个。
本发明实施例还提供了一种外科手术器械, 包括前述任一技术方案所述 的驱动装置。
可选的, 所述外科手术器械为具有腔镜规格的切割缝合器。
在本发明技术方案中, 止位机构能够选择性地驱动双向棘爪的第一锁止 端或第二锁止端来锁止棘轮, 当电机通过行星齿轮减速箱提供驱动时, 止位 机构能够锁止棘轮的相应转动, 这时电机的动力可以输出至传输机构, 以实 现电动前进及电动回退; 当传输机构带动行星齿轮减速箱时, 止位机构能够 使棘轮的相应转动无锁止, 这时行星齿轮减速箱空转, 动力不会传输至电机 的输出轴, 电机的阻力不传递给行星齿轮减速箱, 因此, 可以实现手动回退 及手动前进。 相比于现有技术, 该驱动装置和外科手术器械兼具电动功能和 手动功能, 大大减少了外科手术失败的风险, 并给医生提供了更加灵活的操 作方式。 附图说明
图 1为现有切割缝合器的整体结构示意图;
图 2为本发明第一实施例的驱动装置结构示意图;
图 3为电机与行星齿轮减速箱传动连接示意图;
图 4为本发明第一实施例中双向式棘轮机构及止位器结构示意图; 图 5为本发明第二实施例中双向式棘轮机构及止位器结构示意图; 图 6为本发明第三实施例中双向式棘轮机构及止位器结构示意图; 图 7为本发明第四实施例中棘爪机构结构示意图;
图 8为本发明第四实施例中驱动柄结构示意图;
图 9为本发明实施例中传输机构结构示意图。
附图标记:
10-手柄 11-细长体 12-末端执行器
13-电机 14-行星齿轮减速箱 15-太阳轮
16-行星轮 17-齿圈 18-输出侧端盖
19-行星架 20-棘轮 21-双向棘爪
22-第一锁止端 23-第二锁止端 24-销轴
25a-第一扭簧 25b第二扭簧 25c-第三扭簧
26-驱动柄 27-止位器 28-限位导向槽
29-推顶件 30-导向件 31-压簧
32-推钮 33-簧臂卡槽 34-凸起
35-导向槽 36-齿条 37-复位帽
38-棘条齿 39-单向棘爪 41-前进柄
42-回退柄 43-主轴 44-第一齿轮
45-第二齿轮 46-限位柱 47-限位槽 具体实施方式
为了减少外科手术失败的风险并提供更加灵活的操作方式, 本发明实施 例提供了一种外科手术器械及其驱动装置。 在本发明技术方案中, 止位机构 能够选择性地驱动双向棘爪的第一锁止端或第二锁止端来锁止棘轮, 当电机 通过行星齿轮减速箱提供驱动时, 止位机构能够锁止棘轮的相应转动, 这时 电机的动力可以输出至传输机构, 以实现电动前进及电动回退; 当传输机构 带动行星齿轮减速箱时, 止位机构能够使棘轮的相应转动无锁止, 这时行星 齿轮减速箱空转, 动力不会传输至电机的输出轴, 电机的阻力不传递给行星 齿轮减速箱, 因此, 可以实现手动回退及手动前进。 相比于现有技术, 该驱 动装置和外科手术器械兼具电动功能和手动功能, 大大减少了外科手术失败 的风险, 并为医生提供了更加灵活的操作方式。 为使本发明的目的、 技术方 案和优点更加清楚, 以下举实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图 2所示, 本发明实施例的外科手术器械的驱动装置, 包括: 电机 13 ;
行星齿轮减速箱 14 , 行星齿轮减速箱 14的输入太阳轮与电机 13的输出 轴传动连接, 行星齿轮减速箱 14的输出行星架通过传输机构与外科手术器械
的执行机构传动连接;
双向式棘轮机构, 包括棘轮 20、 双向棘爪组件和止位机构, 棘轮 20与行 星齿轮减速箱 14的齿圈 17固定连接, 双向棘爪组件包括双向棘爪 21 , 止位 机构能够选择性地驱动双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22或第二锁止端 23来锁止 棘轮 20 , 使得: 在电机 13通过行星齿轮减速箱 14提供驱动时能够锁止棘轮 20的相应转动, 在传输机构带动行星齿轮减速箱 14时能够使棘轮 20的相应 转动无锁止。
在本发明的各实施例中, 包含该驱动装置的外科手术器械的具体类型不 限, 例如可以为需要进行张开、 闭合、 前进及回退的荷包钳、 切割缝合器等 等。 所述"远侧"指该器械被操作时远离使用者的一侧, 所述"近侧"则指该器械 被操作时靠近使用者的一侧。 "前进 "指向远离使用者的方向运动, "后退 "则指 向靠近使用者的方向运动。 所述"正转,,和"逆转,,可以具体定义, 例如, "正转" 指顺时针旋转, "逆转 "指逆时针旋转, 或者, "正转 "指逆时针旋转, "逆转" 指顺时针旋转, 无论如何为定义, 需要使驱动装置的传动符合实际应用。
行星齿轮减速箱结构紧凑, 回程间隙较小、 额定输出扭矩较大, 精度较 高, 并且使用寿命较长, 因此被广泛应用于医疗器械等领域。 行星齿轮减速 箱根据传动比可以分为多级, 例如一级减速、 二级减速、 三级减速等等。 为 了使行星齿轮减速箱的传动比与外科手术器械的手术标准要求相匹配, 本发 明实施例的驱动装置中, 行星齿轮减速箱 14优选为三级行星齿轮减速箱, 每 一级行星轮的数量为三个。
如图 3 所示, 三级行星齿轮减速箱中 (为体现内部结构, 齿圈、 端盖、 三级行星架等未在图中示出), 每一级均包括太阳轮 15、 行星轮 16和行星架 19。 其中, 一级太阳轮与电机 13的输出轴传动连接, 三个一级行星轮与一级 太阳轮啮合, 一级行星架与二级太阳轮传动连接, 三个二级行星轮与二级太 阳轮啮合, 二级行星架与三级太阳轮传动连接, 三个三级行星轮与三级太阳 轮啮合, 三级行星架 (即输出行星架) 与传输机构传动连接, 并且, 三个一 级行星轮、 三个二级行星轮和三个三级行星轮均与齿圈 (齿圈是一种具有内
齿的圈形齿轮, 在行星齿轮减速箱 14中, 行星轮 16设置在齿圈 17内并与其 啮合)啮合。 该实施例中, 行星齿轮减速箱 14具有输出侧端盖 18 , 该输出侧 端盖 18与齿圈 17固定连接, 棘轮 20与输出侧端盖 18固定连接, 从而实现 棘轮 20与齿圈 17的固定连接。 当然, 棘轮 20与齿圈 17也可通过其它方式 实现固定连接, 例如, 棘轮可以通过焊接或者螺栓紧固等方式直接固定在齿 圈的端面。
驱动装置的工作原理为:
双向式棘轮机构可改变双向棘爪 21的摆动方向, 以选择性地使双向棘爪 21 的两个锁止端作用于棘轮 20 , 以分别锁止棘轮 20不同方向的转动, 并且 当棘爪 21在其中一个方向上锁止棘轮 20时允许棘轮 20沿另一个方向转动。 通常, 双向式棘轮机构的棘轮 20釆用对称齿形, 例如矩形, 而棘爪 21则在 摆动轴的两侧具有两个锁止端, 这两个锁止端可以呈对称或者不对称分布, 在本发明的各个实施例中, 棘爪 21具有对称结构。
在本发明的各个实施例中, 所述 "相应转动" 是指: 当电机 13正转时, 棘轮 20具有逆转的旋转趋势(如果此时未被锁止, 将会被电机 13驱动而逆 转, 从而导致行星齿轮减速箱 14处于空转状态, 电机 13的驱动不会传递给 传输机构); 同理, 当电机 13逆转时, 棘轮 20具有正转的旋转趋势(如果此 时未被锁止, 将会被电机 13驱动而正转, 从而导致行星齿轮减速箱 14处于 空转状态, 电机 13 的驱动不会传递给传输机构); 当传输机构带动行星齿轮 减速箱 14的输出行星架正转时, 棘轮 20具有正转的旋转趋势(如果此时未 被锁止, 将会被传输机构驱动而正转, 从而导致行星齿轮减速箱 14处于空转 状态, 电机 13 的阻力不会传递给传输机构), 同理, 当传输机构带动行星齿 轮减速箱 14的输出行星架逆转时, 棘轮具有逆转的旋转趋势(如果此时未被 锁止, 将会被传输机构驱动而逆转, 从而导致行星齿轮减速箱 14处于空转状 态, 电机 13的阻力不会传递给传输机构)。
当电机 13正转或逆转时, 棘轮 20的相应转动被双向棘爪 21锁止, 由于 棘轮 20与齿圈 17固定连接, 导致了齿圈 17也不能相应转动 (在电机 13通
过行星齿轮减速箱 14提供驱动的情况下, 齿圈 17具有与电机 13转向相反的 旋转趋势)。 从而, 电机 13的驱动力将带动每一级中的太阳轮 15、 行星轮 16 和行星架 19转动, 最终动力由三级行星架输出至传输机构, 以提供电动前进 驱动或者电动回退驱动, 外科手术器械在电动前进驱动下可实现闭合、 切割 和缝合等功能, 在电动回退驱动下可实现张开、 回退等功能。
在电机 13故障或负载过大或其他需要手动操作的情况下, 则需要手动来 驱动传输机构前进或回退, 此时传输机构会带动行星齿轮减速箱 14的三级行 星架旋转(亦即传输机构驱动行星齿轮减速箱 14的情况), 由于齿圈 17和棘 轮 20在传输机构驱动行星齿轮减速箱 14的情况下的转动趋势与在电机 13驱 动行星齿轮减速箱 14的情况下的转动趋势相反, 因而即使在棘轮 20与双向 棘爪 21未脱离之前的锁止时, 双向棘爪 21也不会锁止棘轮 20和齿圈 17的 反向转动, 从而可允许由手动来继续驱动之前的操作(前进或回退), 而在双 向棘爪 21与棘轮 20脱离或以锁止棘轮 20的相反方向转动时, 则允许由手动 来驱动与之前的操作相反的操作。 具体地, 传输机构的驱动力将带动齿圈 17 (齿圈 17具有与三级行星架相同的转向)、每一级中的行星轮 16和行星架 19 以及二级太阳轮和三级太阳轮转动, 此时由于一级太阳轮与电机的输出轴固 定连接, 一级太阳轮不旋转, 整个行星齿轮减速箱 14处于空转状态, 电机 13 的阻力不传递给行星齿轮减速箱 14 , 可以实现手动前进或者手动回退。
如图 4所示, 该优选实施例中, 双向棘爪组件还包括: 销轴 24和第一扭 簧 25a, 其中, 双向棘爪 21枢装于销轴 24, 第一扭簧 25a套设于销轴 24且处 于蓄能状态, 第一扭簧 25a的两个簧臂分别抵接于双向棘爪 21和与销轴 24 相对固定的阻挡壁, 使双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23插入棘轮 20的齿间, 以 锁止棘轮 20一个方向的转动;
驱动装置还包括: 控制电机 13与电源通断及控制电机 13旋转方向的驱 动柄 26, 止位机构为设置于驱动柄 26上的止位器 27 , 当操作驱动柄 26朝向 棘轮机构转动时, 止位器 27推动双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22插入棘轮 20 的齿间, 以锁止棘轮 20另一个方向的转动。
通过驱动柄 26控制电机 13与电源通断及控制电机 13旋转方向的具体实 现方式不限, 例如, 可以在驱动柄 26 内设置一弹性顶针, 当操作驱动柄 26 朝向棘轮机构转动一定角度时, 弹性顶针随之旋转并将驱动装置的前进电路 接通, 当操作驱动柄 26背向棘轮机构转动一定角度时, 弹性顶针随之旋转并 将驱动装置的回退电路接通, 当不操作驱动柄 26时, 电机 13与电源之间未 接通。
该实施例中, 销轴 24固定于外科手器械的手柄壳体(驱动装置位于手柄 壳体内部, 为体现驱动装置的结构, 手柄壳体未在图中示出), 阻挡壁为手柄 壳体的内壁。 值得一提的是, 销轴 24也可以固定于手柄壳体内部的结构件, 阻挡壁也可以是手柄壳体内部的结构件的侧壁。 如图 4所示, 可以在双向棘 爪 21上设计阶梯面, 第一扭簧 25a置于阶梯面内, 这时第一扭簧 25a的两个 簧臂分别抵接于阶梯面和手柄壳体的内壁。 当不操作驱动柄 26或操作驱动柄 26背向棘轮机构转动时, 双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23将在第一扭簧 25a扭 矩的作用下插入棘轮 20的齿间。 当操作驱动柄 26朝向棘轮机构转动时, 止 位器 27推动双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22插入棘轮 20的齿间。 因此, 该实 施例中, 双向棘爪 21可分别处于两个位置状态。
止位器 27可以选择性地驱动双向棘爪 21的两个锁止端分别锁止棘轮 20 的相应转动, 并且当驱动柄 26复位时, 由于止位器 27设置于驱动柄 26上, 因此, 止位器 27将随驱动柄 26—起复位, 止位器 27对双向棘爪 21的第一 锁止端 22的压力解除, 双向棘爪 21在第一扭簧 25a的作用下将复位至初始 位置 (即双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23插入棘轮 20的齿间)。 止位器 27的具 体结构形式不限, 例如图 4所示的实施例, 止位器 27为弹性材质的止位器且 与驱动柄 26铰接, 驱动柄 26具有限位柱 46, 止位器 27具有与限位柱 46配 合的限位槽 47 (该视图中, 限位柱 46与限位槽 47隐藏于止位器 27的内侧, 因此以虚线示出)。 又例如图 5所示的实施例, 驱动柄 26具有限位导向槽 28, 止位器 27包括推动双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22的推顶件 29、可沿限位导向 槽 28移动的导向件 30以及连接于推顶件 29和导向件 30之间的压簧 31。 再
例如图 6所示的实施例, 止位器 27为弹性材质的止位器且与驱动柄 26固定 连接。 这些实施例中, 止位器 27均可以选择性地驱动双向棘爪 21 的两个锁 止端分别锁止棘轮 20的相应转动, 并且可以随驱动柄 26的复位而复位, 此 外, 当止位器 27压向双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22时, 第一锁止端 22能够 将棘轮 20的一个方向的转动锁止; 棘轮 20在另一个方向上的转动则未被锁 止, 棘轮 20在另一个方向上的转动能够把第一锁止端 22弹开, 此时第一锁 止端 22对止位器 27施加反作用力, 由于止位器 27整体具有弹性, 因此, 止 位器 27将发生弹性形变, 这样有助于减少棘轮 20在未被锁止的另一个方向 上的转动阻力。
如图 7和图 8所示, 图 7示出了另外一种棘爪组件结构。 双向棘爪组件 还包括: 销轴 24、 具有凸起 34的推钮 32和第二扭簧 25b, 其中, 双向棘爪 21与推钮 32具有簧臂卡槽 33 , 第二扭簧 25b、 双向棘爪 21和推钮 32从内到 外依次套设于销轴 24, 第二扭簧 25b的两个簧臂抵接于双向棘爪 21与推钮 32的簧臂卡槽 33 ;
驱动装置还包括: 控制电机 13与电源通断及控制电机 13旋转方向的驱 动柄 26, 止位机构为设置于驱动柄 26的与凸起 34配合的导向槽 35 , 当操作 驱动柄 26朝向棘轮机构转动时, 双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22插入棘轮 20 的齿间, 以锁止棘轮 20一个方向的转动, 当操作驱动柄 26背向棘轮机构转 动时, 双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23插入棘轮 20的齿间, 以锁止棘轮 20另 一个方向的转动。
该实施例中, 销轴 24的固定方式不限, 例如可以固定于外科手器械的手 柄壳体, 第二扭簧 25b可以为 C形簧。 当不操作驱动柄 26时, 双向棘爪 21 的第一锁止端 22和第二锁止端 23与棘轮 20均无接触, 棘轮 20在两个方向 上均无锁止。 当操作驱动柄 26朝向棘轮机构转动时, 驱动柄 26推动推钮 32 转动, 推钮 32的簧臂卡槽 33压缩第二扭簧 25b的一侧簧臂, 第二扭簧 25b 的另一侧簧臂将推动双向棘爪 21的簧臂卡槽 33 , 从而推动双向棘爪 21的第 一锁止端 22插入棘轮 20的齿间。 与此同理, 当操作驱动柄 26背向棘轮机构
转动时, 双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23插入棘轮 20的齿间。 因此, 该实施例 中, 双向棘爪 21可分别处于三个位置状态。
请继续参照图 7所示, 推钮 32的簧臂卡槽 33呈 C形。 当双向棘爪 21和 推钮 32之间存在较大的装配间隙时, 可以防止第二扭簧 25b的脱落, 这使得 外科手术器械的结构更加可靠。
如图 9所示, 传输机构包括与外科手术器械的执行机构传动连接的传动 件, 在该实施例中传动件为齿条 36 , 驱动装置还包括: 与齿条 36连接的复位 帽 37。
复位帽 37与齿条 36具体可通过金属销连接。 当需要对器械进行手动回 退时, 在棘轮 20相应转动无锁止的情况下, 向近侧拉动复位帽 37即可将齿 条 36回退, 从而使与齿条 36传动连接的执行机构回退(例如使切割缝合器 中末端执行器的切割刀或闭合件回退), 以实现器械的手动回退。 此时, 在不 操作驱动柄 26的情况下, 无论是图 4、 图 5或是图 6所示的实施例, 还是图 减速箱 14空转, 电机 13的阻力不传递给行星齿轮减速箱 14。
请继续参照图 9所示, 齿条 36面向驱动柄 26的一侧具有棘条齿 38; 驱 动装置还包括: 与驱动柄 26铰接的单向棘爪 39 , 以及套设于驱动柄 26和单 向棘爪 39的铰接轴的第三扭簧 25c, 第三扭簧 25c的两个簧臂分别抵接于单 向棘爪 39和驱动柄 26 ,使单向棘爪 39插入棘条齿 38的齿间(该图为零件装 配设计图, 第三扭簧 25c处于自然状态; 在实际装配中, 第三扭簧 25c将处于 压缩状态, 使单向棘爪 39插入棘条齿 38的齿间, 且第三扭簧 25c在该侧视 图中不可见); 当往复操作驱动柄 26朝向棘轮机构转动, 单向棘爪 39推动齿 条 36前进。
当需要对器械进行手动前进时, 往复操作驱动柄 26朝向棘轮机构转动, 单向棘爪 39将推动齿条 36前进,以实现器械的手动前进。此时,无论是图 4、 图 5或是图 6所示的实施例, 还是图 7所示的实施例, 双向棘爪 21对棘轮 20 的手动前进转动均无锁止, 行星齿轮减速箱 14空转, 电机 13的阻力不传递
给行星齿轮减速箱 14。
如图 9所示, 驱动柄 26包括前进柄 41和回退柄 42 , 其中, 前进柄 41靠 近棘轮机构; 传输机构还包括: 与行星齿轮减速箱 14的输出行星架连接的主 轴 43、 设置于主轴 43上的第一齿轮 44 , 以及与第一齿轮 44和齿条 36分别 啮合的第二齿轮 45。
传输机构的结构形式不限, 齿轮的具体类型、 数量也不限。 当需要进行 前进时, 向近侧按压前进柄 41 , 当需要进行回退时, 向远侧推动回退柄 42, 这样更便于操作者准确操作。需要说明的是,驱动柄 26的结构形式不限于此, 例如也可以只包含一个操作柄, 或者, 驱动柄 26设计为环形, 将手指置于环 形内即可进行向近侧按压前进, 向远侧推动回退的操作。
以图 4所示实施例为例, 4艮定电机 13正转和逆转分别指顺时针旋转和逆 时针旋转, 该驱动装置的四种工作模式为:
一、 电动前进: 朝向棘轮机构持续按压前进柄 41 , 电机 13正转, 双向棘 爪 21的第一锁止端 22将棘轮 20的逆转锁止而正转无锁止 (即电动前进转动 锁止而手动前进转动不锁止 ), 电机 13的驱动通过行星齿轮减速箱 14提供给 传输机构, 行星齿轮减速箱 14的输出行星架、 主轴 43、 第一齿轮 44正转, 第二齿轮 45逆转, 齿条 36前进, 从而实现电动前进。
二、 电动回退: 背离棘轮机构持续推压回退柄 42, 电机 13逆转, 双向棘 爪 21的第二锁止端 23将棘轮 20的正转锁止而逆转无锁止 (即电动回退转动 锁止而手动回退转动无锁止 ), 电机 13的驱动通过行星齿轮减速箱 14传递给 传输机构, 行星齿轮减速箱 14的输出行星架、 主轴 43、 第一齿轮 44逆转, 第二齿轮 45正转, 齿条 36回退, 从而实现电动回退。
三、 手动前进: 在电机 13发生故障、 或负载过大需要手动辅助、 或其他 需要手动前进的情况下, 朝向棘轮机构反复按压前进柄 41 , 当压下前进柄 41 时, 推进器 39推动齿条 36前进, 第二齿轮 45逆转, 行星齿轮减速箱 14的 输出行星架、 主轴 43、 第一齿轮 44正转, 此时, 双向棘爪 21的第一锁止端 22对棘轮 20逆转锁止而正转无锁止(即手动前进转动无锁止 )且会被棘轮弹
开 (此时, 具有弹性的止位器 27也会受到第一锁止端 22的作用力而发生弹 性变形), 行星齿轮减速箱 14空转, 电机 13的阻力不传递给行星齿轮减速箱 14, 从而实现器械的手动前进。 当松开前进柄 41时, 对于图 4、 图 5及图 6 所示实施例, 双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23插入棘轮 20的齿间, 将棘轮 20 的惯性正转锁止而无逆转锁止(即手动回退转动无锁止, 此时止位器 27的弹 性变形消失)。 而对于图 7所示实施例, 当松开前进柄 41时, 双向棘爪 21与 棘轮 20无接触, 棘轮 20双向均无锁止, 棘轮 20仍可惯性正转。
如果需要通过复位帽 37来驱动手动前进, 则可以在朝向棘轮机构按压驱 动柄 26的同时 (即棘轮 20的手动前进转动无锁止), 向远侧推动复位帽 37 来实现。
四、 手动回退: 在电机 13发生故障或其他需要手动前进的情况下, 向近 侧拉动复位帽 37 , 此时齿条 36回退, 第二齿轮 45正转, 行星齿轮减速箱 14 的输出行星架、 主轴 43、 第一齿轮 44逆转, 此时, 在不操作驱动柄 26的情 况下, 对于图 4、 图 5及图 6所示实施例, 双向棘爪 21的第二锁止端 23对棘 轮 20的逆转无锁止(即手动回退转动无锁止)且会被棘轮 20弹开; 而对于 图 7所示实施例, 双向棘爪 21与棘轮 20无接触, 棘轮 20双向均无锁止, 因 而, 行星齿轮减速箱 14空转, 电机 13的阻力不传递给行星齿轮减速箱 14 , 从而实现器械的手动前进。
从上述各过程可以看出, 止位机构能够选择性地驱动双向棘爪 21的第一 锁止端 22或第二锁止端 23来锁止棘轮 20, 当电机 13通过行星齿轮减速箱 14提供驱动时, 止位机构能够锁止棘轮 20的相应转动, 这时电机 13的动力 可以输出至传输机构, 以实现电动前进及电动回退; 当传输机构带动行星齿 轮减速箱 14时, 止位机构能够使棘轮 20的相应转动无锁止, 这时行星齿轮 减速箱 14空转, 动力不会传输至电机 13的输出轴, 电机 13的阻力不传递给 行星齿轮减速箱 14 , 因此, 可以实现手动回退及手动前进。 相比于现有技术, 该驱动装置和外科手术器械兼具电动功能和手动功能, 大大减少了外科手术 失败的风险, 并为医生提供了更加灵活的操作方式。
本发明实施例还提供了一种外科手术器械, 包括前述任一实施例所述的 驱动装置。 外科手术器械的类型不限, 在其中一个实施例中, 外科手术器械 为具有腔镜规格的切割缝合器。 由于实施例所提供的外科手术器械兼具电动 功能和手动功能, 因此, 大大减少了外科手术失败的风险, 并为医生提供了 更加灵活的操作方式。 发明的精神和范围。 这样, 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要 求及其等同技术的范围之内, 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims
权 利 要 求
1、 一种外科手术器械的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
电机( 13 );
行星齿轮减速箱 (14), 所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14) 的输入太阳轮与所述 电机(13 ) 的输出轴传动连接, 所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14) 的输出行星架通 过传输机构与外科手术器械的执行机构传动连接;
双向式棘轮机构, 包括棘轮(20)、 双向棘爪组件和止位机构, 所述棘轮
(20) 与所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14) 的齿圈 (17) 固定连接, 所述双向棘爪 组件包括双向棘爪 ( 21 ), 所述止位机构能够选择性地驱动所述双向棘爪 ( 21 ) 的第一锁止端 (22)或第二锁止端 (23 )来锁止所述棘轮(20), 使得: 在所 述电机(13 )通过所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14)提供驱动时能够锁止所述棘轮
(20) 的相应转动, 在所述传输机构带动所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14) 时能够 使所述棘轮(20) 的相应转动无锁止。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于,
所述双向棘爪组件还包括: 销轴 (24) 和第一扭簧(25a), 其中, 所述 双向棘爪(21 )枢装于所述销轴 (24), 所述第一扭簧(25a)套设于所述销 轴(24)且处于蓄能状态, 所述第一扭簧(25a) 的两个簧臂分别抵接于所述 双向棘爪 ( 21 )和与所述销轴 ( 24 )相对固定的阻挡壁,使所述双向棘爪 ( 21 ) 的第二锁止端 (23)插入所述棘轮 (20) 的齿间;
所述驱动装置还包括: 控制所述电机(13 ) 与电源通断及控制所述电机
( 13)旋转方向的驱动柄(26), 所述止位机构为设置于所述驱动柄(26)上 的止位器(27), 当操作所述驱动柄(26)朝向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述止 位器 (27)推动所述双向棘爪(21 ) 的所述第一锁止端 (22)插入所述棘轮
(20) 的齿间。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 所述止位器(27)为弹 性材质的止位器且与所述驱动柄 (26)铰接, 所述驱动柄 (26)具有限位柱
(46), 所述止位器(27)具有与所述限位柱(46) 配合的限位槽(47)。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 所述驱动柄(26)具有 限位导向槽(28), 所述止位器(27) 包括推动所述双向棘爪(21 ) 的所述第 一锁止端( 22 )的推顶件( 29 )、可沿所述限位导向槽( 28 )移动的导向件( 30 ) 以及连接于所述推顶件 (29)和所述导向件(30)之间的压簧(31)。
5、 如权利要求 2所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 所述止位器(27)为弹 性材质的止位器且与所述驱动柄(26) 固定连接。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于,
所述双向棘爪组件还包括: 销轴(24)、 具有凸起 (34) 的推钮(32)和 第二扭簧(25b), 其中, 所述双向棘爪(21 ) 与所述推钮(32)具有簧臂卡 槽(33), 所述第二扭簧(25b)、 所述双向棘爪(21 )和所述推钮(32)从内 到外依次套设于所述销轴 (24), 所述第二扭簧(25b) 的两个簧臂抵接于所 述双向棘爪(21 )与所述推钮(32) 的所述簧臂卡槽(33);
所述驱动装置还包括: 控制所述电机(13) 与电源通断及控制所述电机
(13)旋转方向的驱动柄(26), 所述止位机构为设置于驱动柄(26) 的与所 述凸起(34)配合的导向槽(35), 当操作所述驱动柄(26)朝向所述棘轮机 构转动时, 所述双向棘爪(21 ) 的所述第一锁止端 (22)插入所述棘轮(20) 的齿间, 当操作所述驱动柄 (26) 背向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述双向棘爪
(21 ) 的所述第二锁止端 (23)插入所述棘轮 (20) 的齿间。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 所述推钮(32) 的簧臂 卡槽(33)呈 C形。
8、 如权利要求 2~7任一项所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 所述传输机构 包括与外科手术器械的所述执行机构传动连接的齿条(36), 所述驱动装置还 包括: 与所述齿条(36)连接的复位帽 (37)。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于,
所述齿条(36) 面向所述驱动柄(26) 的一侧具有棘条齿(38);
所述驱动装置还包括: 与所述驱动柄(26)铰接的单向棘爪(39), 以及
套设于所述驱动柄(26)和所述单向棘爪(39) 的铰接轴的第三扭簧(25c), 所述第三扭簧(25c) 的两个簧臂分别抵接于所述单向棘爪(39)和所述驱动 柄( 26 );
当往复操作所述驱动柄 (26)朝向所述棘轮机构转动时, 所述单向棘爪 (39)推动所述齿条(36)前进。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于,
所述驱动柄(26) 包括前进柄(41 )和回退柄(42), 其中, 所述前进柄 (41 ) 靠近所述棘轮机构;
所述传输机构还包括: 与所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14) 的输出行星架连接 的主轴 (43)、 设置于所述主轴 (43) 上的第一齿轮(44), 以及与所述第一 齿轮(44)和所述齿条(36)分别啮合的第二齿轮(45)。
11、 如权利要求 1 所述的驱动装置, 其特征在于, 所述行星齿轮减速箱 (14)为三级行星齿轮减速箱, 每一级行星轮(16) 的数量为三个。
12、 一种外科手术器械, 其特征在于, 包括如权利要求 1~11任一项所述 的驱动装置。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的外科手术器械, 其特征在于, 所述外科手术器 械为具有腔镜规格的切割缝合器。
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|---|---|---|---|
| ES14813414.1T ES2675923T3 (es) | 2013-06-20 | 2014-06-19 | Instrumento de intervención quirúrgica y dispositivo de accionamiento del mismo |
| EP14813414.1A EP3011911B1 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2014-06-19 | Surgical procedure instrument and drive device thereof |
| US14/972,408 US10130364B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2015-12-17 | Surgical instrument and drive mechanism thereof |
| US16/162,479 US10874394B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2018-10-17 | Surgical instrument and drive mechanism thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310247715.2 | 2013-06-20 | ||
| CN201310247715.2A CN104224254B (zh) | 2013-06-20 | 2013-06-20 | 外科手术器械及其驱动装置 |
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| US14/972,408 Continuation US10130364B2 (en) | 2013-06-20 | 2015-12-17 | Surgical instrument and drive mechanism thereof |
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| WO2014202010A1 true WO2014202010A1 (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
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| EP (1) | EP3011911B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN104224254B (zh) |
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| WO (1) | WO2014202010A1 (zh) |
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| CN111870320A (zh) * | 2019-05-01 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏风和医疗器材股份有限公司 | 外科器械 |
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2014
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- 2014-06-19 WO PCT/CN2014/080279 patent/WO2014202010A1/zh not_active Ceased
- 2014-06-19 ES ES14813414.1T patent/ES2675923T3/es active Active
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2015
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| CN111870320A (zh) * | 2019-05-01 | 2020-11-03 | 江苏风和医疗器材股份有限公司 | 外科器械 |
| CN111870320B (zh) * | 2019-05-01 | 2024-01-16 | 江苏风和医疗器材股份有限公司 | 外科器械 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20160100838A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
| CN104224254A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
| US10874394B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| EP3011911B1 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
| US20190046194A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
| EP3011911A4 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
| ES2675923T3 (es) | 2018-07-13 |
| EP3011911A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
| CN104224254B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
| US10130364B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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