WO2014202017A1 - 一种混合制冷剂 - Google Patents

一种混合制冷剂 Download PDF

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WO2014202017A1
WO2014202017A1 PCT/CN2014/080373 CN2014080373W WO2014202017A1 WO 2014202017 A1 WO2014202017 A1 WO 2014202017A1 CN 2014080373 W CN2014080373 W CN 2014080373W WO 2014202017 A1 WO2014202017 A1 WO 2014202017A1
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hfc
mixed refrigerant
hfe
hfo
tetrafluoropropene
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French (fr)
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郭智恺
谢品赞
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Zhejiang Lantian Environmental Protection Hi Tech Co Ltd
Sinochem Lantian Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Lantian Environmental Protection Hi Tech Co Ltd
Sinochem Lantian Co Ltd
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Priority to KR1020157037195A priority Critical patent/KR20160046763A/ko
Priority to US14/899,975 priority patent/US20160137897A1/en
Priority to EP14813024.8A priority patent/EP3012307B1/en
Publication of WO2014202017A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014202017A1/zh
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10Components
    • C09K2205/12Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/126Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixed refrigerant, and more particularly to a refrigerant composition for use in an automotive air conditioning system that does not damage atmospheric ozone potential and has a very low greenhouse effect.
  • HFC-134a 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane
  • CFC-12 has been widely used for its excellent performance, but because of its greenhouse effect value of up to 1430, it was The Kyoto Protocol is listed as one of the first high-GWP refrigerants to be phased out.
  • MAC Directive 2006/40/EC
  • all automotive air conditioners will be banned from using refrigerants with a GWP greater than 150. Therefore, the replacement of HFC-134a, the most widely used automotive air-conditioning refrigerant, has become a hot topic in the world and an urgent problem to be solved.
  • HFC-134a replacement in automotive air conditioners is mainly: carbon dioxide (C02), 1, 1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a), 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HF0- 1234yf), etc., but these programs have their own advantages and disadvantages.
  • C02 carbon dioxide
  • HFC-152a 1, 1-difluoroethane
  • HF0- 1234yf 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
  • HFC-152a uses high energy efficiency and low refrigerant price, it has strong flammability and needs to increase secondary circuit.
  • Such as the replacement cost is high; the use of HF0-1234yf, although low flammability, small system transformation, but low energy efficiency, small cooling capacity. Therefore, countries around the world are continuing to research HFC-134a alternatives.
  • HFC-134a 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC-134a 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene
  • Chinese Patent Document CN102083935A discloses a 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroacetamidine (HFC-134a), 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene a mixture of (HFC-1234yf)
  • Chinese patent document CN102712837A 201080038152.
  • HFC-134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC-1234yf 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoro a mixture of propylene
  • HFC-32 difluoromethane
  • the refrigerant composition disclosed in the above patent has a high GWP value, or a high flammability, or a large temperature slip, or a low energy efficiency, or a small volumetric refrigeration capacity, or can not be directly filled for HFC- Disadvantages such as the 134a system, it is necessary to develop a refrigerant for automotive air conditioning that has better refrigeration performance, better compatibility with existing systems, and better environmental performance. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a mixed refrigerant which is superior to HFC-134a in environmental performance and performance, and can be replaced in a system using HFC_134a without even changing any component to be directly used. It is a low replacement cost refrigerant.
  • a mixed refrigerant consisting of HF0-1234yf, HF0_1234ze (E) and HFE_143a, in which the components are physically mixed in the liquid phase at the following mass percentages:
  • HFE- 143a 5% - 18%
  • the mixed refrigerant has a GWP value of less than 150.
  • HFE- 143a 5% - 15%.
  • HFE—143a 5%-10%.
  • the mixed refrigerant provided by the invention is suitable for replacing HFC-134a, and is particularly suitable for replacing HFC-134a in automobile air conditioners.
  • the automotive air conditioning system can directly charge the mixed refrigerant to replace HFC-134a without changing any of the equipment components.
  • the environmental performance is better than HFC-134a, the ozone depletion potential 0DP value is zero, and the global warming potential GWP value is significantly lower than HFC-134a;
  • the refrigerant of the present invention can be directly used in a system using HFC-134a without changing any part of the equipment, and is compatible with the piping components of the automobile air conditioning system using HFC-134a, and can reduce the amount of filling , to improve energy efficiency, has the advantages of saving resources and saving energy.
  • the refrigerant provided by the invention is prepared by using 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HF0-1234yf), Tran S -l, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HF0-1234ze(E) And physical mixing of trifluoromethyl ether (CF 3 ()CH 3 , HFE_143a) in the liquid phase according to their respective ratios.
  • Trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze (E)) has a molecular formula of CHFCHCF 3 , a molecular weight of 114.04, a standard boiling point of -19.0 ° C, and a critical temperature of 109.4 °. C, the critical pressure is 3.64 MPa, and the GWP value is 6.
  • the trifluoromethane (CF, 0CII 3 , HFE- 143a) of the above components has a molecular formula of CF 3 OCII 3 , a molecular weight of 100.04, a standard boiling point of -24.0 ° C, a critical temperature of 104.8 ° C, and a critical pressure of 3.59MPa, GWP value is 750.
  • CF 3 OCII 3 a molecular weight of 100.04
  • a standard boiling point of -24.0 ° C a critical temperature of 104.8 ° C
  • GWP value is 750.
  • Example 2 HF0-1234yf, HF0-1234ze(E) and HFE-143a were introduced in the liquid phase at a mass percentage of 90:5:5. Line physical mixing.
  • Example 3 HF0-1234yf, HF0-1234ze (E) and HFE-143a were physically mixed in a liquid phase at a mass percentage of 65:20:15.
  • Example 4 HF0-1234yf, HF0_1234ze (E) and HFE_143a were physically mixed in a liquid phase at a mass percentage of 80:15:5.
  • Example 5 HF0-1234yf, HF0_1234ze (E) and HFE_143a were physically mixed in a liquid phase at a mass percentage of 85:5:10. The performance of the above embodiment is now compared with HFC-134a to illustrate the features and effects of the present invention.
  • Table 1 compares the environmental performance of the above examples with HFC-134a. 0 (100 ⁇ ) ⁇ The 0DP value with CFC-11 as the reference value 1. 0, GWP value with C0 2 as the reference value 1. 0 (100 years).
  • the ozone layer consumption potential (0DP) values of the above embodiments are all zero, the global warming potential (GWP) value is 40 to 150, both are smaller than HFC-134a and comply with the EU MAC Directive for automotive air conditioning refrigeration.
  • the requirement of a GWP of less than 150 has a much smaller impact on the environment than HFC-134a, and it has excellent environmental performance and is a long-term substitute for HFC_134a. Excellent environmental performance is a major advantage of the present invention.
  • the above relative thermal performance refers to the ratio of the thermal performance of each embodiment to the thermal performance of HFC-134a, and the relative density refers to the relative liquid density at 25 °C.
  • Table 3 Comparison of thermal parameters and thermal performance
  • the condensing pressure of each of the above embodiments is lower than HFC-134a or equivalent, and the pressure ratio and exhaust temperature are lower than HFC-134a, and can be directly filled in the original HFC_134a.
  • the density of each of the above embodiments is lower than that of HFC-134a, which can reduce the filling amount of the system working fluid; the volume cooling capacity of each embodiment is equivalent to HFC_134a, and the C0P value is greater than HFC-134a, so it is energy-saving effect.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种GWP值低于150的混合制冷剂,由2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234yf)、Trans-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze(E))和三氟甲醚(CF3OCH3、HFE-143a)组成,其质量百分比为:HFO-1234yf:52%-90%;HFO-1234ze(E):5%-30%;HFE-143a:5%-18%。该混合制冷剂不破坏大气臭氧层,温室效应值极低,环保性能优异;热力性能与HFC-134a相当,可直接在原使用HFC-134a的系统不更改任何零部件实现灌注式替代,能提高能效比、减少充灌量,具有替代成本低、节省资源、节约能源的优点,可作为汽车空调中HFC-134a的长期替代物。

Description

一种混合制冷剂 技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合制冷剂, 尤其涉及一种用于汽车空调系统中的不破坏大气臭氧潜能 且温室效应极低的制冷剂组合物。 背景技术
1, 1, 1, 2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a)作为 CFC-12的替代物, 以其优异的使用性能得到了广泛 的应用, 但由于其具有高达 1430的温室效应值, 被"京都议定书"列为首批淘汰的高 GWP值 制冷剂之一。 根据欧盟已经通过并于 2013年正式生效的关于汽车空调系统排放物的 MAC指 令(2006/40/EC)要求, 至 2016年底, 在用汽车空调必须按比例逐步淘汰 GWP值大于 150的制 冷齐 IJ, 并在 2017年 1月 1日起将禁止所有汽车空调使用 GWP值大于 150的制冷剂。 因此, 对 于目前使用最广泛的汽车空调制冷剂 HFC-134a 的替代成为世界各国研究的热点及迫在眉睫 急需解决的问题。
目前国际社会对汽车空调中 HFC-134a 替代的研究方向主要为: 二氧化碳 (C02)、 1, 1- 二氟乙烷 (HFC- 152a)、 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HF0-1234yf )等, 但这些方案均各有优缺点。 使 用 C02环保性能好、 不可燃, 但系统压力高、 能效低, 系统需重新设计、 替代成本高; 使用 HFC-152a虽然能效高、 制冷剂价格低, 但其可燃性强、 需增加二次回路等造成替代成本高; 使用 HF0-1234yf虽然可燃性低、 系统改造小, 但能效低、 制冷量小。 因此世界各国均在持续 开展 HFC-134a替代物的研究。
在现有技术中, 中国专利文件 CN1285699C ( 200410084844. 5 ) 公开了一种以氟乙烷
(HFC- 161 )、 1, 1-二氟乙烷 (HFC-152a) 和 1, 1, 1, 2- 四氟乙烷 (HFC_134a) 组成的三元组 合物; 中国专利文件 CN101671542A ( 200910018489. 4 ) 公开了一种以 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯
( HF0-1234yf )、 1,1_二氟乙烷 (HFC_152a ) 和异丁烷组成的混合物; 中国专利文件 CN 101864277A ( 201010196224. 6 ) 公开了一种以 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HFC- 1234yf )、 1, 1_二 氟乙烷 (HFC-152a ) 和二甲醚 ( DME ) 组成的混合物; 中国专利文件 CN102703033A
( 201210165277. 0 ) 公开了一种以 2, 3, 3, 3- 四氟丙烯 (HFC_1234yf )、 1, 1, 1, 2-四氟乙烷
(HFC-134a)和二甲醚 (DME)组成的混合物; 中国专利文件 CN102066518A ( 200980122002. 5 ) 公开了一种以 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HFC-1234yf)、 1, 1, 1, 2-四氟乙烷 (HFC- 134a) 和 1, 1- 二氟乙烷 (HFC-152a) 组成的混合物; 中国专利文件 CN102083935A ( 200980125796. 0 ) 公 开了一种 1, 1, 1, 2-四氟乙烷 (HFC- 134a)、 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HFC-1234yf )组成的混合物; 中国专利文件 CN102083935A ( 200980125796. 0 ) 公 开 了 一 种 1, 1, 1, 2- 四氟乙焼 (HFC-134a)、 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HFC-1234yf )组成的混合物; 中国专利文件 CN102712837A ( 201080038152. 0 ) 公开了一种 1,1,1,2_四氟乙烷 ( HFC- 134a )、 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HFC-1234yf ) 和二氟甲烷 (HFC- 32 ) 组成的混合物等。
上述专利中公开的制冷剂组合物存在或 GWP 值偏高、 或可燃性较强、 或温度滑移较大、 或能效较低、 或容积制冷量较小、 或不可直接充灌应用于 HFC-134a系统等缺点, 因此需要 开发具有制冷性能更优秀、 与现有系统兼容性更好以及具有环保性能更佳的应用于汽车空调 的制冷剂。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种混合制冷剂, 该种混合制冷剂的环境性能和使用性能均优于 HFC-134a, 可在使用 HFC_134a的系统中替换使用, 甚至不改变任何部件直接替代使用的, 是 一种低替代成本的制冷剂。
为达到发明目的本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种混合制冷剂, 由 HF0-1234yf、 HF0_1234ze (E)和 HFE_143a组成, 在液相下各组分按 以下的质量百分比进行物理混合:
HF0-1234yf: 52%- 90%;
HF0-1234ze (E): 5%- 30%;
HFE- 143a: 5%- 18%;
所述混合制冷剂的 GWP值小于 150。
上述混合制冷剂, 其优选的各组分质量百分比为:
HF0-1234yf: 65%- 90%;
HF0-1234ze (E): 5%-20%;
HFE- 143a: 5%- 15%。
上述混合制冷剂, 其进一步优选的各组分质量百分比为:
HF0-1234yf: 80%- 90%;
HF0-1234ze (E): 5%- 15%;
HFE— 143a: 5%— 10%。 本发明提供的混合制冷剂适合用于替代 HFC-134a, 尤其适合在汽车空调中用于替代 HFC-134a。 当在在汽车空调中用于替代 HFC_134a时, 所述汽车空调系统可以不改变任何设备 部件, 直接充注所述混合制冷剂以替代 HFC-134a。
本发明的制冷剂与现有公开的技术相比, 具有以下优点:
(1) 环境性能优于 HFC-134a, 消耗臭氧层潜能 0DP值为零, 全球变暖潜能 GWP值均较 HFC-134a有大幅度降低;
(2) 使用安全, 可燃性弱;
(3) 蒸发压力、 冷凝压力、 压比和单位容积制冷量等均与 HFC-134a相当, 温度滑移极 小, COP值大于 HFC-134a; 排气温度较低, 使用性能优秀;
(4) 在不改变设备任何部件的前提下, 本发明制冷剂可直接用于原使用 HFC-134a的系 统中, 与使用 HFC-134a的汽车空调系统管路部件兼容, 并可减少充灌量, 提高能效比, 具有 节省资源、 节约能源的优点。 具体实施方式
本发明提供的制冷剂,其制备方法是将 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯 (HF0-1234yf)、TranS-l, 3, 3, 3- 四氟丙烯(HF0-1234ze(E) )和三氟甲醚(CF3()CH3、 HFE_143a)按照其相应的配比在液相状态 下进行物理混合。
上述组分中的 2, 3, 3, 3-四氟丙烯(HF0-1234yf),其分子式为 CH2CFCF3,分子量为 114.04, 标准沸点为 -29.35 °C, 临界温度为 94.7°C, 临界压力为 3.38MPa, GWP值为 4。
上述组分中的 Trans-1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯 (HFO- 1234ze (E) ), 其分子式为 CHFCHCF3, 分子 量为 114.04, 标准沸点为 -19.0°C, 临界温度为 109.4°C, 临界压力为 3.64MPa, GWP值为 6。
上述组分中的三氟甲醚 (CF,0CII3, HFE- 143a), 其分子式为 CF3OCII3, 分子量为 100.04, 标准沸点为 -24.0°C, 临界温度为 104.8°C, 临界压力为 3.59MPa, GWP值为 750。 下面的实施例为用来说明本发明的几个具体实施方式, 但并不将本发明局限于这些具体 实施方式。 本领域技术人员应该认识到, 本发明涵盖了权利要求书范围内所可能包括的所有 备选方案、 改进方案和等效方案。 实施例 1: 将 HF0-1234yf、 HF0-1234ze(E)和 HFE-143a在液相下按 52: 30: 18的质量百分比 进行物理混合。
实施例 2: 将 HF0-1234yf、 HF0-1234ze(E)和 HFE-143a在液相下按 90: 5: 5的质量百分比进 行物理混合.
实施例 3: 将 HF0-1234yf、 HF0-1234ze (E)和 HFE-143a在液相下按 65: 20: 15的质量百分比 进行物理混合。
实施例 4: 将 HF0-1234yf、 HF0_1234ze (E)和 HFE_143a在液相下按 80: 15: 5的质量百分比 进行物理混合。
实施例 5: 将 HF0-1234yf、 HF0_1234ze (E)和 HFE_143a在液相下按 85: 5: 10的质量百分比 进行物理混合。 现将上述实施例的性能与 HFC-134a进行比较, 说明本发明的特点和效果。
1、 环境性能
表 1比较了上述实施例与 HFC-134a的环境性能。 其中 0DP值以 CFC-11作为基准值 1. 0, GWP值以 C02作为基准值 1. 0 ( 100年)。
Figure imgf000005_0001
Figure imgf000005_0002
从表 1中可以看出,上述实施例的臭氧层消耗潜能(0DP)值均为零,全球变暖潜能(GWP) 值为 40〜150, 均小于 HFC-134a且符合欧盟 MAC指令对汽车空调制冷剂 GWP值小于 150的要 求, 对环境的影响远小于 HFC-134a, 环境性能十分优异, 是 HFC_134a的长期替代物。 环境 性能优异是本发明的一大优势。
2、 温度滑移 表 2 温度滑移表 工质 泡点温度 rc) 露点温度 rc) 温度滑移 rc) 实施例 1 -28. 70 -27. 94 0. 76 实施例 2 -29. 84 -29. 78 0. 07 实施例 3 -29. 40 -29. 03 0. 37 实施例 4 -29. 52 -29. 38 0. 14 实施例 5 -30. 04 -29. 99 0. 05 从表中可见, 各实施例的温度滑移均小于 rc, 表明为近共沸混合物, 有利于系统的稳定 运行。
3、 热工参数及热力性能
在汽车空调工况下 (即蒸发温度 = -1. 0 °C, 冷凝温度 = 62. 0 °C, 吸气温度 = 9 °C, 过冷温 度= 57 °C ), 上述实施例与 HFC-134a的热工参数(BP: 蒸发压力 P。、冷凝压力 Pk、压比 Pk/ P。、 排气温度 t2 ) 及相对热力性能 (即: 相对 C0P、 相对单位质量制热量 q。、 相对单位容积制热 量 、 相对单位容积耗功量 ) 的比较见表 3。
上述相对热力性能是指各实施例热力性能与 HFC-134a热力性能的比值, 相对密度是指 25 °C时的相对液体密度。 表 3 热工参数及热力性能的比较
Figure imgf000006_0001
从表 3可见, 在汽车空调工况下, 上述各实施例的冷凝压力均低于 HFC-134a或相当, 压 比和排气温度均低于 HFC-134a, 可直接充灌于原使用 HFC_134a的系统中; 上述各实施例的 的密度均低于 HFC-134a, 可以减少系统工质的充灌量; 各实施例的容积制冷量与 HFC_134a 相当, 且 C0P值均大于 HFC-134a, 因此具有节能效果。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种混合制冷剂,其特征在于所述混合制冷剂由 HF0-1234yf、 HF0-1234ze (E) 和 HFE-143a组成, 其各组分的质量百分比为:
HF0-1234yf: 52%- 90%;
HF0-1234ze (E): 5%- 30%;
HFE- 143a: 5%- 18%;
所述混合制冷剂的 GWP值小于 150。
2. 按照权利要求 1所述的混合制冷剂,其特征在于所述混合制冷剂各组分的质 量百分比为:
HF0-1234yf: 65%- 90%;
HF0-1234ze (E): 5%-20%;
HFE- 143a: 5%- 15%。
3. 按照权利要求 2所述的混合制冷剂,其特征在于所述混合制冷剂各组分的质 量百分比为:
HF0-1234yf: 80%- 90%;
HF0-1234ze (E): 5%- 15%;
HFE- 143a: 5%- 10%。
4. 按照权利要求 1至 3之一所述的混合制冷剂,其特征在于所述混合制冷剂用 于替代 HFC-134a。
5. 按照权利要求 4所述的混合制冷剂,其特征在于所述混合制冷剂在汽车空调 中用于替代 HFC-134a。
6. 按照权利要求 5所述的混合制冷剂,其特征在所述汽车空调系统不改变任何 设备部件, 直接充注所述混合制冷剂以替代 HFC-134a。
PCT/CN2014/080373 2013-06-21 2014-06-20 一种混合制冷剂 Ceased WO2014202017A1 (zh)

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FR3063733B1 (fr) * 2017-03-10 2020-02-07 Arkema France Composition quasi-azeotropique comprenant le 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene et le trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
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