WO2015062521A1 - 一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015062521A1
WO2015062521A1 PCT/CN2014/089909 CN2014089909W WO2015062521A1 WO 2015062521 A1 WO2015062521 A1 WO 2015062521A1 CN 2014089909 W CN2014089909 W CN 2014089909W WO 2015062521 A1 WO2015062521 A1 WO 2015062521A1
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Prior art keywords
code rate
data source
current
playing
multimedia data
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English (en)
French (fr)
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汤海波
田甲子
仝永辉
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Leshi Zhixin Electronic Technology Tianjin Co Ltd
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Leshi Zhixin Electronic Technology Tianjin Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/032,301 priority Critical patent/US20160286267A1/en
Priority to EP14858694.4A priority patent/EP3065286A4/en
Publication of WO2015062521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015062521A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
    • H04N21/44209—Monitoring of downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. bandwidth variations of a wireless network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2383—Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2402—Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management e.g. creating a master electronic programme guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end or controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4621—Controlling the complexity of the content stream or additional data, e.g. lowering the resolution or bit-rate of the video stream for a mobile client with a small screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/478—Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application
    • H04N21/4782—Web browsing, e.g. WebTV
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/64322—IP

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of smart televisions, and in particular, to a code rate switching method and apparatus for a smart television.
  • smart TVs have the function of playing online video or receiving network channels online. Users can order network video or watch network channels through smart TV.
  • Traditional network video technology usually provides a video source with a common bit rate for video.
  • users with different network bandwidths have different video quality requirements. Therefore, traditional network video technology is difficult to meet the video quality requirements.
  • the diversified viewing needs of different users usually show that users with low network bandwidth may have frequent jams or buffers when watching network video, and even disconnected from viewing; users with higher network bandwidth are difficult to accept resolution.
  • the source of the difference or the picture is blurred, but there is no clear source to choose from.
  • the existing video website or video channel has made a distinction between the same video source, that is, for the same video source, respectively, providing super clear, high definition, standard definition, and common versions (various versions of video sources).
  • the code rates are different. Among them, the ultra-clear version of the video source has the highest bit rate, the HD version is the second, and then the standard definition version, and the normal version of the video source has the lowest bit rate).
  • the user or the web server first selects the code rate according to the network bandwidth condition of the user. A version of the user's network bandwidth condition matches, and then plays the selected version of the video source so that the user can watch the video smoothly and clearly.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a device for switching a code rate of a smart television, so as to solve the problem that the code rate needs to be manually switched when watching a television program.
  • a method for switching a rate of a smart television includes: measuring, during a playback of a first data source of the multimedia data, an average network bandwidth within the preset time period every preset time period, and Obtaining a current code rate according to the average network bandwidth, where a code rate of the first data source is a first code rate; and when the current code rate is greater than a first code rate, determining the current code rate and the first The difference between the code rates, according to the comparison between the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate and the trigger threshold, the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server for playing or continuing to retrieve the first The data source is played, wherein the code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, the difference between the second code rate and the current code rate is less than a switching threshold; when the current code rate is less than the first code rate Determining, by the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate, according to the comparison result of the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and
  • a computer readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the rate switching method.
  • a rate switching device for a smart television comprising: a detecting module, configured to measure, within a preset time period, every preset time period during playback of the first data source of the multimedia data The average data bandwidth, the first data source has a first code rate, and the search module is coupled to the detection module, configured to obtain a current code rate according to the average network bandwidth, and a determining module coupled to the search module And determining, when the current code rate is greater than the first code rate, a difference between the current code rate and the first code rate, and determining the first code when the current code rate is less than the first code rate.
  • a control module coupled to the determining module, configured to retrieve the multimedia data from the server according to a comparison result between the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and the trigger threshold
  • the second data source plays or continues to retrieve the first data source for playing, where the code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, and when the current code rate is greater than the first code rate, The difference between the second code rate and the current code rate is less than a handover threshold; when the current code rate is less than the first code rate, the difference between the current code rate and the second code rate is less than a handover threshold.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 1a and 1b are schematic views of an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of still another method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of still another method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of still another apparatus of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of still another apparatus of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of still another apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a method for switching a code rate of a smart television includes:
  • S100 During the playing of the first data source of the multimedia data, measure an average network bandwidth in the preset time period every preset time period, and obtain a current code rate according to the average network bandwidth, where The code rate of the first data source is the first code rate;
  • the server collects at least two multimedia data sources of different code rates of the same multimedia data in advance, and stores the multimedia data sources of different code rates correspondingly to different places.
  • the first data source of the first bit rate of the multimedia data may be saved in the first address in the server
  • the second data source of the current code rate of the multimedia data is saved in the second address in the server
  • the multimedia data is The third data source of the second bit rate is stored in the third address in the server, and the like.
  • the first data source of the first bit rate of the multimedia data is requested by the client to the server, and the server sends the first address of the first data source storing the multimedia data in response to the request of the client.
  • the first address corresponds to the first code rate of the multimedia data
  • the client links to the first address, downloads or caches the first data source of the first address, and can view the first code. Rate of multimedia data.
  • the client determines, according to the average network bandwidth, a code rate that matches the average network bandwidth as the current code rate, so that the network situation of the current time period is used as a reference to control the next
  • the data source played in the time period ; of course, the average network bandwidth in the next time period may be predicted according to the average network bandwidth in the preset time period, and the average network in the next time period is determined.
  • the bandwidth matches the code rate as the current code rate, so that the network condition of the next time period is used as a reference to control the data source played in the next time period. It is reasonable to complete the control according to the above two reference ways in the solution of the present application.
  • S200 Determine, when the current code rate is greater than the first code rate, a difference between the current code rate and the first code rate, according to a comparison between the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and a trigger threshold. Retrieving the second data source of the multimedia data from the server for playing or continuing to retrieve the first data source for playing, wherein the code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, the second The difference between the code rate and the current code rate is less than the switching threshold;
  • S300 Determine, when the current code rate is less than the first code rate, a difference between the first code rate and the current code rate, according to a comparison between the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and a trigger threshold. Retrieving the second data source of the multimedia data from the server for playing or continuing to retrieve the first data source for playing, wherein the code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, the current code The difference between the rate and the second code rate is less than the switching threshold.
  • the difference between the two is 0 or a small value, that is, the current network bandwidth condition is relative to the network bandwidth before playing the multimedia data.
  • the situation has not changed or has undergone a small change.
  • the change of the network bandwidth status has little impact on the current playback, and the client can keep the first selection before the user views the multimedia data (such as network video).
  • the data source of one code rate is played, and the average network bandwidth is measured in the next preset time period. The technical solution at this time is compared with the above embodiment. Like, it will not be repeated here.
  • the sum of the trigger threshold and the switching threshold is less than or equal to the absolute value of the difference between the second code rate and the first code rate.
  • the second code rate is less than the first code rate, when the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate is greater than the trigger threshold, and the difference between the current code rate and the second code rate is less than the handover.
  • the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server for playing; otherwise, the first data source is continuously retrieved from the server for playing. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the first code rate is less than the second code rate, when the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate is greater than the trigger threshold, and the difference between the second code rate and the current code rate is less than the handover.
  • the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server for playing; otherwise, the first data source is continuously retrieved from the server for playing.
  • the current play point of the first data source of the multimedia data is recorded, the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server, and the current play from the first data source is performed.
  • Pointing to start playing the second data source of the multimedia data may also be according to the current playing point of the first data source. Querying a fragment in the source that meets a preset range between the playback start point and the current playback point, and fetching the fragment for playing; especially for streaming media data, according to the current data source.
  • the current play point recorded may be the current play time or the current play frame, so that after reloading the multimedia data of the second code rate, the current play time or the current play frame may be switched, from the first code rate of the record.
  • the current play time of the data source or the data source of the second bit rate of the current broadcast frame starting to resume the multimedia data, without re-viewing from the beginning of the multimedia data or manually selecting the playback progress of the currently played point that has been viewed.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can automatically switch the data source of the code rate that matches the network bandwidth according to the change of the network bandwidth, and can solve the problem that the code rate needs to be manually switched when watching the television program. It ensures smooth and clear video viewing, simplifies user operations and improves user experience.
  • a data rate version of the data source can be selected for playing before the user views the multimedia data (such as network video), and then continues to play according to the code rate corresponding to the version.
  • the code rate of the data source under viewing cannot be adjusted according to the network bandwidth variation in the process of the user viewing the multimedia data.
  • the preset time period may be a value less than the overall playable time of the multimedia data, such as 2 minutes, 10 minutes, or 200 seconds, and the end time of the current preset time period is the next preset time.
  • the starting time of the segment so that during the process of playing the multimedia data, the average network bandwidth in the preset time period is periodically measured, and the current code rate of the multimedia data matching the average network bandwidth in the time period is determined, that is, Best suited for the rate version of multimedia data played under current bandwidth conditions.
  • the data source of the multimedia data can be divided into multiple levels.
  • the source corresponds to a code rate.
  • the code rate of the data source of this level of high code rate is higher than the code rate of the data source of the medium code rate.
  • the code rate of the data source of this level is higher than that of the data source of this level.
  • the bit rate of this level of data source at low bit rate which means that the data rate of this level of higher bit rate is higher.
  • this level of data source has high requirements for network bandwidth.
  • the code rate of this data source is A2
  • the current code rate that the average network bandwidth can support playback is B after detection.
  • the difference between the current code rate B and the code rate A2 is greater than the trigger threshold 1, indicating that the current code rate B is already greater than the code rate A2, and the code rate A3 and the current code rate B are The difference is less than the switching threshold of 1, which means that the current code rate B is close to, reaches or even exceeds the code rate A3, and the code rate A3 is the code rate of the data source of the high code rate level, so at this time, according to the code rate A3
  • the server retrieves the data source of the multimedia data for playing. Of course, it may also be retrieved from the server according to the current code rate B. After the server automatically recognizes the current code rate B, the code rate closest to the current code rate B is found.
  • the data source of the highest bit rate corresponding to the code rate A3 is called for playing. It can be seen that the setting of the trigger threshold 1 is to measure whether the current code rate B has far exceeded the code rate A2 of the playback data source, and the switching threshold 1 is to measure which code rate is closer to the current code rate B after the code rate A2 is exceeded, thus triggering Threshold 1 is relatively large and switching threshold 1 is relatively small.
  • the server retrieves the data source of the multimedia data for playing, of course, According to the current code rate B, the server automatically retrieves the current code rate B, finds the code rate A1 closest to the current code rate B, and retrieves the data source of the low code rate corresponding to the code rate A1.
  • the setting of the trigger threshold 2 is to measure whether the current code rate B is far lower than the code rate A2 of the playback data source, and the switching threshold is to measure which code rate is closer to the current code rate B than the code rate A2, so The trigger threshold 2 is relatively large, and the switching threshold 2 is relatively small.
  • the trigger threshold 2 cannot be too large, because the current code rate B is lower than the code rate A2, indicating that the current network condition can no longer cope with the data source of the code rate A2, which will cause the playback effect to change the card, compared to the higher bit rate.
  • the timing of switching to the lower code rate A1 should be advanced, and the trigger threshold 2 should be less than the trigger threshold 1.
  • the difference between the current code rate B and the code rate A2 is less than the trigger threshold 1, and the difference between the code rate A2 and the current code rate B is less than the trigger threshold 2, indicating that the current code rate B does not exceed the code rate A2, or is not lower.
  • the sum of the trigger threshold 1 and the switching threshold 1 is less than or equal to the absolute value of the difference between the code rate A3 and the code rate A2, and the sum of the trigger threshold 2 and the switching threshold 2 is less than or equal to the code.
  • the step is performed, in step S200 and step S300 of FIG. 1, according to the comparison result of the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and the trigger threshold, the server is called from the server.
  • the second data source of the multimedia data is played or continues to retrieve the first data source for playing, and further includes the following operations:
  • S101 Receive quality of service information (Qos), where the service quality information includes: a delay, a packet loss rate, and a network jitter in the time period;
  • S102 Estimating the network state level in the preset time period according to the weighted value of the delay, the packet loss rate, and the network jitter, and the correspondence between the threshold interval where the weighting value is located and the network state level. The smaller the weighted value of the delay, the packet loss rate, and the network jitter, the higher the network state level;
  • the corresponding relationship between the threshold interval and the network status level is maintained in the smart television. After determining the weighted value, it is determined in which threshold interval the weighted value is located, and the corresponding network status level can be obtained. The smaller the weighted value of delay, packet loss rate and network jitter, the better the network condition, corresponding The higher the network status level.
  • S103 Compare the network status level with the quasi-modulation threshold, and according to the first comparison result or the second comparison result, combine the network status level with the quasi-modulation threshold to retrieve the second data source of the multimedia data from the server. Playing or continuing to retrieve the first data source for playing; wherein, a comparison between a difference between the current code rate and the first code rate and a trigger threshold, and a difference between the second code rate and the current code rate
  • the comparison result of the switching threshold is used as a first comparison result; the comparison result of the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and the trigger threshold, and the comparison between the difference between the current code rate and the second code rate and the switching threshold As a second comparison result.
  • the quasi-tuning threshold is divided into an upper quasi-adjusting threshold and a downward quasi-adjusting threshold, and the upward quasi-adjusting threshold and the downward quasi-adjusting threshold are preset according to experience or analysis of past data.
  • the network status level is lower than the downward threshold, indicating that the current network status is not good, it may be helpful to determine that there may be a problem currently playing for the data source having the first code rate, and it is better to switch the multimedia resource to a lower code rate.
  • Data source comparing the current code rate with the first code rate, the current code rate is less than the first code rate, and the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate is greater than the trigger threshold and the current code rate and the second code rate.
  • the difference is less than the handover threshold, it indicates that the multimedia resource needs to be switched to the data source of the lower code rate.
  • the two comparison results are consistent, and the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved in step S300. Play it.
  • the current network status is good.
  • the code rate is lower than the first code rate, and the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate is greater than the trigger threshold, and the difference between the current code rate and the second code rate is less than the handover threshold.
  • the multimedia resource is switched to the data source of the lower bit rate.
  • the two comparison results are inconsistent, indicating that the time is not suitable for the handover, and the network state may be unstable for a short period of time.
  • the second data source of the multimedia data is played, and the first data source is continuously retrieved for playing.
  • the network status level is higher than the upward calibration threshold, it indicates that the current network status is very good, which can help determine that the current data source with the first code rate is playing very smoothly, and may have the condition of playing a clearer data source; comparing the current code When the rate is the same as the first code rate, the current code rate is greater than the first code rate, which confirms that the current network state is better, and the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate is greater than the trigger threshold and the second code rate. When the difference between the current code rate and the current code rate is less than the handover threshold, the multimedia resource can be switched to the data source of the higher code rate. Obviously, the two comparison results are consistent, and the multimedia data is retrieved in step S200. The second data source is played.
  • the condition for switching the multimedia resource to the data source of the higher code rate is insufficient; and when comparing the current code rate with the first code rate, the current The code rate is greater than the first code rate, and the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate is greater than the trigger threshold, and the difference between the second code rate and the current code rate is less than the handover threshold, indicating that the multimedia resource needs to be switched at this time.
  • the two comparison results are inconsistent, indicating that this time is not suitable for switching.
  • the second data source that retrieves the multimedia data in step S300 is not performed for playing, and the first data source is continuously retrieved for playing.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application provides an auxiliary method for judging the current network state according to the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate and the trigger threshold in the process of playing multimedia data. Judging the plan.
  • the result of the auxiliary judgment by the network state is opposite to the comparison between the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate and the trigger threshold, it indicates that there is a risk at the time of the handover, and the data source of the original code rate is temporarily resumed;
  • the result of the auxiliary judgment by the network state is consistent with the comparison between the current code rate and the difference between the first code rate and the trigger threshold, and the handover can be directly performed.
  • This kind of judgment mechanism is more stable and perfect, which can ensure the accuracy of the switching to the utmost extent, so that the data source after switching does bring better playback effect, instead of causing the data source to slow down after switching. .
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of still another method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the server retrieves the second data source of the multimedia data for playing or continues to retrieve the first data.
  • the data source plays, and also includes:
  • S301 prompt the user to switch the multimedia data and the current code rate to be switched, and record the number of times of the prompt, and determine whether the code rate switching instruction is received within the preset number of prompts;
  • the client may first record the current play point of the first data source of the multimedia data. And then sending a rate switching request to the server, and the server may send the second address of the second data source storing the multimedia data to the client in response to the request of the client, where the second address of the multimedia data is stored in the second address.
  • Second data source at this time the client Linking to the second address, downloading or caching the second data source of the second address, and playing the second data source from the current play point of the recorded first data source, where the code rate of the second data source is Two code rate, so that the user can continue the previous viewing progress, and view the multimedia data of the second bit rate from the current playback point of the first code rate, without having to re-view from the beginning of the multimedia data or manually select the current view that has been viewed.
  • the playback progress of the playback point can further enhance the user experience.
  • the second data source may be queried according to the current playing point of the first data source to meet the playing start point and the current playing point.
  • the client may prompt the user to manually switch the code rate of the multimedia data, and record the number of times of the prompt; if the user manually performs the rate switching operation within the preset number of prompts, the client will receive the code rate switch.
  • the instruction for example, when the preset number of prompts is 5 times, within 5 prompts, if the client receives the code rate switching instruction, the code rate switching instruction is immediately responded to, and the second data of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server.
  • the client can automatically retrieve the second data source of the multimedia data from the server and play the multimedia data.
  • a second data source the code rate of the second data source herein is the second code rate, so that the code can be manually switched by the user.
  • the rate can also automatically switch the code rate, which can give the user a large selection space, and can avoid the current network bandwidth change to have a continuous impact on subsequent playback, further improving the user experience.
  • a selection step of the data source of the initial first code rate is added, and the step occurs before step S100.
  • S400 Retrieving a first data source having the first code rate from a data source of different code rates of the multimedia data prestored by the server, in response to a play request for the multimedia data.
  • the first code rate is used as the code rate of the data source of the initial play, then what kind of code rate can be selected
  • the method 1) responding to the play request, identifying the type of network to be accessed, the initial network bandwidth, the number of network user accesses, and the processing capability of the terminal, and according to the type of the accessed network, the current network bandwidth, and the user of the current network.
  • the first code rate is determined by the number of accesses and the processing capability of the terminal; in this manner, the data source suitable for the code rate can be more flexibly selected according to the current network state and the operation status of the smart TV.
  • the default bit rate is stored in the smart TV. This may be factory settings or user-defined settings, and is more likely to be the most recent record.
  • the smart TV requires the user or the server to determine one of the corresponding data sources of the different code rates provided by the server according to the initial network bandwidth before the broadcast before playing a multimedia data.
  • the code rate that matches the initial network bandwidth that is, the first code rate in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the measurement of the initial network bandwidth can be implemented by the server and the client transmitting messages and measuring the sending speed of the message; or uploading or downloading a certain amount of data, measuring the uploading or downloading time of the data, and calculating the unit time.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the measurement method of the initial network bandwidth.
  • S420 During the playing of the first data source of the multimedia data, measure an average network bandwidth in the preset time period every preset time period, and obtain a current code rate according to the average network bandwidth, where The code rate of the first data source is the first code rate.
  • S440 Determine, when the current code rate is greater than the first code rate, a difference between the current code rate and the first code rate, according to a comparison between the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and a trigger threshold. Retrieving the second data source of the multimedia data from the server for playing or continuing to retrieve the first data source for playing, wherein the code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, the second The difference between the code rate and the current code rate is less than the switching threshold.
  • S460 Determine, when the current code rate is lower than the first code rate, a difference between the first code rate and the current code rate, according to a comparison between the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and a trigger threshold. Retrieving the second data source of the multimedia data from the server for playing or continuing to retrieve the first data source for playing, wherein the code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, the current code The difference between the rate and the second code rate is less than the switching threshold.
  • the data source suitable for the code rate can be more flexibly selected; of course, the default bit rate is stored in the smart TV, which may be the factory setting. Set or user-defined settings, of course, more likely to be the most recent record.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of still another method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the average network bandwidth in the preset time period is measured every preset time period in the step S100 of FIG.
  • S501 In a process of playing the first data source of the multimedia data, determine, according to a preset time period, a quantity of multimedia data buffered in the multimedia data buffer area in the preset time period;
  • S502 Calculate the amount of multimedia data buffered per second according to the amount of multimedia data buffered in the multimedia data buffer in the preset time period, and serve as an average network bandwidth in a preset time period.
  • a code rate matching the initial network bandwidth may be determined from corresponding data sources of different code rates provided by the server according to the initial network bandwidth before playing. That is, the first code rate in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the average network bandwidth in the preset time period may also be periodically measured to determine the code rate of the multimedia data that matches the average network bandwidth in the time period, that is, the present application
  • the second code rate in the embodiment is also the code rate version of the multimedia data that is most suitable for playing under the current bandwidth conditions.
  • the average network bandwidth measurement may also be performed by the server and the client transmitting messages in a predetermined period of time, and measuring the average of the packets.
  • the sending speed is implemented; the data uploaded or downloaded in a preset period of time is measured, and the amount of data uploaded or downloaded in the preset time period is measured, thereby calculating the amount of data uploaded or downloaded per unit time as the initial network bandwidth.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the measurement method of the average network bandwidth.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application may measure an average network bandwidth in the preset time period every preset time period during the process of playing the first data source of the first code rate of the multimedia data.
  • the code rate matching the network bandwidth can be automatically switched according to the change of the network bandwidth, which can solve the problem that the code rate needs to be manually switched when watching the television program, and the video can be smoothly and clearly viewed, simplifying the user. Operation to improve the user experience.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus for switching the rate of the smart television provided by the embodiment of the present application specifically includes:
  • the detecting module 10 is configured to measure an average network bandwidth in the preset time period every preset time period during the playing of the first data source of the multimedia data, where the first data source has a first Code rate
  • the locating module 12 is coupled to the detecting module 11 and configured to obtain a current code rate according to the average network bandwidth.
  • the determining module 14 is coupled to the searching module 12, and configured to determine a difference between the current code rate and the first code rate when the current code rate is greater than the first code rate, when the current code rate is less than Determining, at a first code rate, a difference between the first code rate and a current code rate;
  • the control module 16 is coupled to the determining module 14 and configured to retrieve the second data source of the multimedia data from the server according to the comparison result between the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and the trigger threshold. Playing or continuing to retrieve the first data source for playing, wherein a code rate of the second data source is a second code rate, and when the current code rate is greater than a first code rate, the second code rate The difference from the current code rate is less than the handover threshold; when the current code rate is less than the first code rate, the difference between the current code rate and the second code rate is less than the handover threshold.
  • the multimedia data is retrieved from the server.
  • the second data source is played; otherwise, the first data source is continuously retrieved from the server for playing; when the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate is greater than the trigger threshold and the current code rate.
  • the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server for playing; otherwise, the first data source is continuously retrieved from the server for playing.
  • the searching module 12 is further configured to determine, according to the average network bandwidth, a code rate that matches the average network bandwidth as a current code rate; or, according to the The average network bandwidth in the preset time period is predicted, and the average network bandwidth in the next time period is predicted, and the code rate matching the average network bandwidth in the next time period is determined as the current code rate.
  • the detecting module 10 is further configured to determine, during the playing of the first data source of the multimedia data, the preset time period, when the average network bandwidth in the preset time period is measured every preset time period.
  • the amount of multimedia data buffered in the multimedia data buffer ; calculating the amount of multimedia data buffered per second according to the amount of multimedia data buffered in the multimedia data buffer in the preset time period, and as an average within the preset time period Network bandwidth.
  • the control module 16 further includes:
  • the information obtaining unit is configured to receive the service quality information in the preset time period, where the service quality information includes: a delay, a packet loss rate, and a network jitter in the time period;
  • a network estimation unit configured to estimate, according to the weighted value of the delay, the packet loss rate, and the network jitter, in combination with the correspondence between the threshold interval of the weighting value and the network state level, to estimate the preset time period a network status level, wherein the smaller the weighted value of the delay, the packet loss rate, and the network jitter, the higher the network status level;
  • a media control unit configured to compare the network status level with the quasi-modulation threshold, and according to the first comparison result or the second comparison result, combine the network status level with the quasi-threshold threshold to retrieve the multimedia data from the server.
  • the second data source plays or continues to retrieve the first data source for playing; wherein, the comparison between the difference between the current code rate and the first code rate and the trigger threshold, and the second code rate and the current code rate
  • the comparison result of the difference value and the switching threshold is used as a first comparison result; the comparison result of the difference between the first code rate and the current code rate and the trigger threshold, and the difference and switching between the current code rate and the second code rate
  • the comparison result of the threshold is taken as the second comparison result.
  • the control module 16 is further configured to prompt the user to switch the multimedia data and to switch, when the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server to play or continue to play the first data source for playing.
  • the current code rate, and the number of times of the prompt is recorded, and it is judged whether the code rate switching instruction is received within the preset number of prompts; when the code rate switching instruction is received before the preset number of prompts is reached or after the preset number of prompts is reached, When receiving the code rate switching instruction, the second data source of the multimedia data is retrieved from the server for playing.
  • the control module 16 is further configured to record a current play point of the first data source of the multimedia data, retrieve a second data source of the multimedia data from a server, and use a current play point of the first data source Starting to play the second data source of the multimedia data.
  • the second data source may be queried according to the current playing point of the first data source to meet the playing start point and the current playing point.
  • the rate switching device of the smart television provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • the calling module 18 is coupled to the detecting module 10, configured to retrieve a data source of different code rates of the multimedia data pre-stored by the server in response to a play request for the multimedia data. a first data source having the first code rate; further configured to identify the accessed network type, initial network bandwidth, network user access quantity, and terminal processing capability in response to the play request, and according to the accessed Determining the first code rate by the network type, the current network bandwidth, the number of user accesses of the current network, and the terminal processing capability; or, in response to the play request, identifying a preset default code rate, and using the default code rate as the first One bit rate.
  • the rate switching device of the smart TV provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • the configuration module 20 is coupled to the control module 16 and configured to configure the trigger threshold and the switching threshold.
  • the sum of the trigger threshold and the switching threshold is less than or equal to a difference between the second code rate and the first code rate. The absolute value.
  • the rate switching device of the smart TV provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include:
  • the calling module 18 is coupled to the detecting module 10, configured to retrieve, from the data source of different code rate of the multimedia data pre-stored by the server, the first code, in response to the playing request for the multimedia data a first data source of the rate; further configured to identify the accessed network type, initial network bandwidth, network user access quantity, and terminal processing capability in response to the play request, and according to the accessed network type and current network bandwidth
  • the first code rate is determined by the number of user accesses of the current network and the terminal processing capability; or, in response to the play request, the preset default code rate is identified, and the default code rate is used as the first code rate;
  • the configuration module 20 is coupled to the control module 16 and configured to configure the trigger threshold and the switching threshold.
  • the sum of the trigger threshold and the switching threshold is less than or equal to a difference between the second code rate and the first code rate. The absolute value.
  • the unit may or may not be physically separated, and the component displayed as a unit may be a physical unit or a plurality of physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be divided into Cloth to many different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or a processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .
  • the code rate matching the network bandwidth can be automatically switched according to the change of the network bandwidth, and the manual switching code can be solved when watching the television program.
  • the problem of rate can ensure smooth and clear video viewing, simplify user operations and improve user experience.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置，其中所述方法包括：在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，根据平均网络带宽获得当前码率；当当前码率大于第一码率时，确定当前码率与第一码率的差值，当当前码率小于第一码率时，确定第一码率与当前码率的差值，依据当前码率与第一码率的差值或第一码率与当前码率的差值，与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取第一数据源进行播放。本申请在播放多媒体数据过程中，可以根据网络带宽的变化自动切换与网络带宽相匹配的码率，可以解决在观看电视节目时需要手动切换码率的问题，能够保证流畅清晰地观看视频，简化用户操作，提高用户体验。

Description

一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置
交叉引用
本申请引用于2013年10月30日递交的名称为“一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置”的第201310530239.5号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及智能电视领域，特别涉及一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，智能电视在家庭中的普及率日益广泛，替代传统电视的趋势越来越强，智能电视在人们的日常休闲与娱乐生活中起到越来越重要的作用。
目前，智能电视大多带有在线播放网络视频或接收网络频道的功能，用户可以通过智能电视联网点播网络视频或收看网络频道。
传统的网络视频技术，通常针对视频会提供一种常见码率的视频源，但是，具有不同网络带宽的用户对视频质量的要求并不一样，因此，传统的网络视频技术难以满足对视频质量要求不同的用户的多样化观看需求，通常表现为：网络带宽较低的用户在观看网络视频时会出现经常性的卡顿或缓冲，甚至断线无法观看；网络带宽较高的用户难以接受分辨率差或画面模糊不清的片源，却又没有更清楚的片源可供选择。因此，在满足高带宽的用户能够观看高清质量视频的情况下，带宽较低的用户则无法顺畅观看，而在满足带宽有限的用户能够正常观看视频的情况下，带宽较高的用户则无法充分利用其带宽资源观看高清质量的视频，造成带宽资源浪费。
为了解决上述问题，现有的视频网站或视频频道已经对同一视频源做了区分，即，针对同一视频源分别提供超清、高清、标清及普通等几种版本(各种版本的视频源的码率各不相同，其中，超清版本的视频源的码率最高，高清版本次之，然后是标清版本，普通版本的视频源的码率最低)。在用户点播后，会先由该用户或网站服务器根据该用户的网络带宽状况选择码率与该 用户的网络带宽状况匹配的一种版本，然后再播放所选版本的视频源，以便该用户能够流畅且清晰地观看视频。
但是，一旦在视频观看过程中出现网络带宽变化，用户就无法再流畅且清晰地观看视频。在这种情况下，还需要由用户自己手动来重新选择一种新版本，从而使用户操作繁琐，体验不佳。同样问题，也可能会出现在对音频的播放上。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种智能电视的码率切换方法及装置，以解决在观看电视节目时需要手动切换码率的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，一种智能电视的码率切换方法，包括：在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，并根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率，其中，所述第一数据源的码率为第一码率；当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，依据所述当前码率与第一码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限；当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与当前码率的差值，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。
第二方面，一种在其上记录有用于执行所述码率切换方法的程序的计算机可读记录介质。
第三方面，一种智能电视的码率切换装置，包括：检测模块，用于在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，所述第一数据源具有第一码率；查找模块，与所述检测模块耦接，用于根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率；判断模块，与所述查找模块耦接，用于当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与 当前码率的差值；控制模块，与所述判断模块耦接，用于依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限；当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。
附图概述
图1为本申请实施例的方法流程图。
图1a和1b为本申请实施例的示意图。
图2为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
图3为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
图4为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
图5为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
图6为本申请实施例的装置流程图。
图7为本申请实施例的又一装置流程图。
图8为本申请实施例的又一装置流程图。
图9为本申请实施例的又一装置流程图
本申请的较佳实施方式
以下将配合图式及实施例来详细说明本申请的实施方式，藉此对本申请如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题并达成技术功效的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
图1为本申请实施例的方法流程图。
请参照图1所示，本申请实施例提供的一种智能电视的码率切换方法，包括：
S100：在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，并根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率，其中，所述第一数据源的码率为第一码率；
在本申请实施例中，服务器会预先采集同一多媒体数据的至少两种不同码率的多媒体数据源，并将不同码率的多媒体数据源对应存储到不同的地 址，比如可以将多媒体数据的第一码率的第一数据源保存在服务器中的第一地址、将多媒体数据的当前码率的第二数据源保存在服务器中的第二地址、将多媒体数据的第二码率的第三数据源保存在服务器中的第三地址等等。
当用户需要播放某多媒体数据时，通过客户端向服务器请求多媒体数据的第一码率的第一数据源，服务器响应于客户端的请求，会将存储多媒体数据的第一数据源的第一地址发送给客户端，可见这里的第一地址与多媒体数据的第一码率相对应，此时客户端链接到该第一地址，下载或缓存第一地址的第一数据源，即可观看第一码率的多媒体数据。
在第一数据源播放的过程中，客户端根据所述平均网络带宽，确定与所述平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率，这样使用当前时间段的网络情况作为参考来控制下一时间段播放的数据源；当然，也可以根据所述在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，预测下一时间段内的平均网络带宽，确定与所述下一时间段内的平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率，这样使用下一时间段的网络情况作为参考来控制下一时间段播放的数据源。在本申请的方案中依照以上两种参考方式完成控制都是合理的。
S200：当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限；
S300：当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与当前码率的差值，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。
在上述步骤S200和S300中，当前码率与第一码率相等或非常接近时，二者的差值为0或一个很小的值，即当前网络带宽状况相对于播放多媒体数据前的网络带宽状况没有发生变化或发生了很小变化，在这种情况下，网络带宽状况的变化对当前播放造成的影响很小，客户端可以保持调取用户观看多媒体数据(如网络视频)之前选择的第一码率的数据源进行播放，进行下一预设时间段内的平均网络带宽的测量，此时的技术方案与上述实施例类 似，此处不再赘述。
如图1a和1b所示，所述触发门限与切换门限之和，小于等于所述第二码率与第一码率的差值的绝对值。特别如图1a，第二码率小于第一码率，当所述第一码率与当前码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放。特别如图1b，第一码率小于第二码率，当所述当前码率与第一码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放。
另外，在上述步骤S200和S300中，记录所述多媒体数据的第一数据源的当前播放点，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源，并从所述第一数据源的当前播放点开始播放所述多媒体数据的第二数据源；当然，对于一些根据播放时长将多媒体数据分成一个个分片的数据源，还可以依据所述第一数据源的当前播放点，在第二数据源中查询符合播放起始点与所述当前播放点相差处于一预设范围内的分片，调取所述分片进行播放；特别对于流媒体数据，还可以依据所述第一数据源的当前播放点，由所述当前播放点的下一帧开始调取第二数据源；这样就不需要将当前播放点之前的分片或数据流也进行下载，节省了流量，同时大大提高了第二数据源下载到本地的速度，使得切换过程更加顺畅。在这里，记录的当前播放点可以为当前播放时间或当前播放帧，从而可以完成重新加载第二码率的多媒体数据后，可以切换到当前播放时间或当前播放帧，从记录的第一码率的数据源的当前播放时间或当前播放帧开始续播多媒体数据的第二码率的数据源，无需从多媒体数据的最开始重新观看或手动选择已经观看到的当前播放点的播放进度。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，在播放多媒体数据过程中，可以根据网络带宽的变化自动切换与网络带宽相匹配的码率的数据源，可以解决在观看电视节目时需要手动切换码率的问题，能够保证流畅清晰地观看视频，简化用户操作，提高用户体验。
以下以一个应用实例对本申请进行说明。
在现有技术中，只能在用户观看多媒体数据(如网络视频)之前选择一种码率版本的数据源进行播放，后续一直按照该版本对应的码率播放下去， 不能根据用户观看多媒体数据过程中的网络带宽变化情况调整观看中的数据源的码率。
在本申请实施例中，预设时间段可以为2分钟、10分钟或200秒钟等小于多媒体数据整体可播放时间的数值，并且当前预设时间段的结束时刻，即为下一个预设时间段的开始时刻，从而在播放所述多媒体数据的过程中，周期性测量预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，确定与该时间段内的平均网络带宽相匹配的多媒体数据的当前码率，即最适合在当前带宽状况下播放的多媒体数据的码率版本。
在这里，可以将多媒体数据的数据源划分为多个级别，比如常见的1080P这个分辨率下，可能有高码率、中码率、低码率三个级别的数据源，每个级别的数据源对应一个码率，一般来讲，高码率这个级别的数据源的码率会高于中码率这个级别的数据源的码率，中码率这个级别的数据源的码率会高于低码率这个级别的数据源的码率，这也意味着高码率这个级别的数据源清晰度更高，当然这个级别的数据源对于网络带宽的要求也高。
如果当前正在播放中码率这个级别的数据源，这个数据源的码率是A2，检测后发现平均网络带宽可以支持播放的当前码率是B。
当前码率B大于码率A2时，所述当前码率B和码率A2的差值大于触发门限1，说明当前码率B已经大于码率A2很多，并且码率A3与当前码率B的差值小于切换门限1，这说明当前码率B接近、达到甚至超越码率A3了，而码率A3就是高码率这个级别的数据源的码率，所以此时直接依据码率A3从所述服务器调取所述多媒体数据的数据源进行播放，当然，也可以依据当前码率B从所述服务器调取，服务器自动识别当前码率B后，找到与当前码率B最接近的码率A3，调取码率A3对应的高码率这个级别的数据源进行播放。可见触发门限1的设置是为了衡量当前码率B是否已远远超越了播放数据源的码率A2，切换门限1是为了衡量当前码率B超越码率A2后更接近哪个码率，因此触发门限1相对较大，切换门限1相对较小。
当前码率B小于码率A2时，所述码率A2和当前码率B的差值大于触发门限2，说明当前码率B已经小于码率A2很多，并且当前码率B与码率A1的差值小于切换门限2，这说明当前码率B接近、达到甚至低过码率A1了，而码率A1就是低码率这个级别的数据源的码率，所以此时直接依据码率A1从所述服务器调取所述多媒体数据的数据源进行播放，当然，也可以 依据当前码率B从所述服务器调取，服务器自动识别当前码率B后，找到与当前码率B最接近的码率A1，调取码率A1对应的低码率这个级别的数据源进行播放。可见触发门限2的设置是为了衡量当前码率B是否已远远低过了播放数据源的码率A2，切换门限是为了衡量当前码率B低过码率A2后更接近哪个码率，因此触发门限2相对较大，切换门限2相对较小。
当然，触发门限2不能过大，因为当前码率B低于码率A2过多时，说明当前网络状况已经无法应付码率A2的数据源，会造成播放效果变卡，相比向更高码率A3切换的情况，向更低码率A1切换的时机应提前，触发门限2应小于触发门限1。
当前码率B和码率A2的差值小于触发门限1，以及码率A2和当前码率B的差值小于触发门限2时，说明当前码率B没有超过码率A2很多，或者没有低过码率A2很多，说明现在的网络带宽完全可以应付码率的数据源，没有必要切换，继续从所述服务器调取具有码率A2的中码率这个级别的数据源进行播放。
需要说明的是，所述触发门限1与切换门限1之和小于等于所述码率A3与码率A2的差值的绝对值，所述触发门限2与切换门限2之和小于等于所述码率A2与码率A1的差值的绝对值。
图2为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
请参照图2所示，所提供的步骤发生为图1的步骤S200以及步骤S300中，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，进一步包括如下操作：
S101：接收服务质量信息(Qos)，所述服务质量信息包括：所述时间段内的延时、丢包率和网络抖动；
S102：根据所述延时、丢包率和网络抖动的加权值，并结合所述加权值所在的阈值区间与网络状态等级的对应关系，预估所述预设时间段内的网络状态等级，其中，所述延时、丢包率和网络抖动的加权值越小，所述网络状态等级越高；
在智能电视内维护有阈值区间与网络状态等级的对应关系，确定到所述加权值后，检测所述加权值位于哪个阈值区间中，就可以获得相应的网络状态等级。延时、丢包率和网络抖动的加权值越小，说明网络状况越好，相应 的网络状态等级越高。
S103：对网络状态等级与准调门限进行比较，依据第一比较结果或第二比较结果，结合网络状态等级与准调门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放；其中，所述当前码率与第一码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述第二码率与当前码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为第一比较结果；所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述当前码率与第二码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为第二比较结果。
准调门限分为上准调门限和向下准调门限，根据经验或者过往数据的分析预设所述向上准调门限和向下准调门限。
当网络状态等级低于向下准调门限，说明当前网络状态不好，可以辅助判断出当前对于具有第一码率的数据源播放可能会出现问题，最好将多媒体资源切换到较低码率的数据源；比较当前码率与第一码率时，当前码率小于第一码率，而第一码率与当前码率的差值大于所述触发门限且当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限时，说明此时需要将多媒体资源切换到较低码率的数据源；显然，两个比较结果是一致的，执行步骤S300中调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放。在本例中，如果当网络状态等级未低于向下准调门限，说明当前网络状态不错，此时不是必须将多媒体资源切换到较低码率的数据源；而比较当前码率与第一码率时，当前码率小于第一码率，第一码率与当前码率的差值大于所述触发门限且当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限，说明此时需要将多媒体资源切换到较低码率的数据源；显然，两个比较结果是不一致的，说明此时不是适合切换的时机，可能只是网络状态短时不稳定，此时暂不执行步骤S300中调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放，继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放。
当网络状态等级高于向上准调门限，说明当前网络状态很好，可以辅助判断出当前对于具有第一码率的数据源播放非常顺畅，可能具有播放更清晰的数据源的条件；比较当前码率与第一码率时，当前码率大于第一码率，印证了当前网络状态变好了，而当前码率与第一码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限时，说明此时可以将多媒体资源切换到较高码率的数据源；显然，两个比较结果是一致的，执行步骤S200中调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放。在本例中，如果当网络状态 等级未高于向下准调门限，说明当前网络状态没有足够好，此时将多媒体资源切换到较高码率的数据源的条件不足够；而比较当前码率与第一码率时，当前码率大于第一码率，当前码率与第一码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限，说明此时需要将多媒体资源切换到较高码率的数据源；显然，两个比较结果是不一致的，说明此时不是适合切换的时机，也许当前网络的状况仅是短时甚至瞬时较乐观，之后的网络状态并不能稳定保持，此时暂不执行步骤S300中调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放，继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，在播放多媒体数据过程中，对依据当前码率与第一码率的差值及触发门限的切换判断，以对当前网络状态进行判断的方式提供了一种辅助判断方案。当通过网络状态进行辅助判断的结果，和当前码率与第一码率的差值及触发门限的比较结果相反，说明此时切换存在风险，暂时继续调取原码率的数据源播放；当通过网络状态进行辅助判断的结果，和当前码率与第一码率的差值及触发门限的比较结果一致，则可以直接进行切换。这种判断机制更加稳妥完善，可以最大限度地保证切换的准确性，使得切换后的数据源确实带来更好的播放效果，而不是因为错误的评估导致切换后数据源的播放变慢变卡。
图3为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
请参照图3所示，在图1所述的实施例的基础上，在步骤S200和/或S300中，服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，还包括：
S301：提示用户对所述多媒体数据进行切换以及要切换的当前码率，并记录提示的次数，并判断在预设提示次数内是否接收到码率切换指令；
S302：在达到预设提示次数之前接收到码率切换指令时，或在达到预设提示次数后仍未接收到码率切换指令时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，不论码率是由用户手动切换还是由客户端自动切换，在切换之前，客户端都可以首先记录下多媒体数据的第一数据源的当前播放点，然后向服务器发起码率切换请求，服务器响应于客户端的请求，可以将存储多媒体数据的第二数据源的第二地址发送给客户端，这里的第二地址中存储有多媒体数据的第二码率的第二数据源，此时客户端 链接到该第二地址，下载或缓存第二地址的第二数据源，并从记录下的第一数据源的当前播放点开始播放第二数据源，这里的第二数据源的码率为第二码率，这样用户即可继续之前的观看进度，从第一码率的当前播放点开始观看第二码率的多媒体数据，无需从多媒体数据的最开始重新观看或手动选择已经观看到的当前播放点的播放进度，可以进一步提高用户体验。当然，对于一些根据播放时长将多媒体数据分成一个个分片的数据源，还可以依据所述第一数据源的当前播放点，在第二数据源中查询符合播放起始点与所述当前播放点相差处于一预设范围内的分片，调取所述分片进行播放；特别对于流媒体数据，还可以依据所述第一数据源的当前播放点，由所述当前播放点的下一帧开始调取第二数据源；这样就不需要将当前播放点之前的分片或数据流也进行下载，节省了流量，同时大大提高了第二数据源下载到本地的速度，使得切换过程更加顺畅。
在本申请实施例中，客户端可以提示用户手动切换多媒体数据的码率，并记录提示的次数；如果在预设提示次数内用户手动做出码率切换操作，客户端会接收到码率切换指令，比如当预设提示次数为5次时，在5次提示之内，如果客户端接收到码率切换指令，此时会立即响应码率切换指令，从服务器调取多媒体数据的第二数据源，并播放多媒体数据的第二数据源；如果在预设提示次数内用户没有做出手动切换操作，比如当预设提示次数为5次时，超出5次提示之后，如果客户端还没有接收到码率切换指令，则为了避免当前网络带宽的变化对后续播放造成持续影响，在达到预设提示次数后，客户端可以自动从服务器调取多媒体数据的第二数据源，并播放多媒体数据的第二数据源；这里的第二数据源的码率为所述第二码率，这样既可以实现由用户手动切换码率，也可以实现自动切换码率，可以给用户较大的选择空间，并且可以避免当前网络带宽的变化对后续播放造成持续影响，进一步提升用户体验。
图4为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
请参照图4所示，在图1所示实施例的基础上，增加了初始第一码率的数据源的选择步骤，该步骤发生在步骤S100之前。
S400：响应于对所述多媒体数据的播放请求，从所述服务器预存的所述多媒体数据的不同码率的数据源中调取具有所述第一码率的第一数据源。
第一码率作为初始播放的数据源的码率，那选择什么样的码率可以有两 种方式：1)响应所述播放请求，识别所接入的网络类型、初始网络带宽、网络用户接入数量和终端处理能力，并根据所接入的网络类型、当前网络带宽、当前网络的用户接入数量和终端处理能力确定所述第一码率；这种方式下，可以视当前网络状态及智能电视的运营状况，更加灵活地选择适合码率的数据源。
2)响应所述播放请求，识别预设的默认码率，将所述默认码率作为第一码率。智能电视内保存有默认码率，这个可能是出厂设置或者用户自定义设置，当然更加可能是最近一次的记录。
通常，在用户点播一个多媒体数据之后，智能电视在播放一个多媒体数据之前，会要求用户或服务器根据播放前的初始网络带宽，从服务器提供的几种不同码率的对应的数据源中确定一种与初始网络带宽相匹配的码率，即本申请实施例中的第一码率。在这里，初始网络带宽的测量可以通过服务器与客户端互发报文，并测量报文的发送速度来实现；也可以上传或下载一定量的数据，测量数据的上传或下载时间，计算单位时间上传或下载的数据量，作为初始网络带宽。本申请实施例并不对初始网络带宽的测量方法做任何限定。
S420：在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，并根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率，其中，所述第一数据源的码率为第一码率。
S440：当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限。
S460：当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与当前码率的差值，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。
本例中，可以视当前网络状态及智能电视的运营状况，更加灵活地选择适合码率的数据源；当然，智能电视内保存有默认码率，这个可能是出厂设 置或者用户自定义设置，当然更加可能是最近一次的记录。
图5为本申请实施例的又一方法流程图。
请参照图5所示，图1的步骤S100中所述每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，具体包括：
S501：在播放所述多媒体数据的第一数据源的过程中，每隔预设时间段确定在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量；
S502：根据在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量计算每秒缓存的多媒体数据量，并作为在预设时间段内的平均网络带宽。
在本申请实施例中，可以在点播一个多媒体数据之后，根据播放前的初始网络带宽，从服务器提供的几种不同码率的对应的数据源中确定一种与初始网络带宽相匹配的码率，即本申请实施例中的第一码率。
然后，在播放所述多媒体数据的过程中，还可以周期性测量预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，以便确定与该时间段内的平均网络带宽相匹配的多媒体数据的码率，即本申请实施例中的第二码率，也是最适合在当前带宽状况下播放的多媒体数据的码率版本。
在这里，除上述本申请实施例提供的平均网络带宽测量方法之外，平均网络带宽的测量还可以通过在一段预设的时间段内服务器与客户端互发报文，并测量报文的平均发送速度来实现；也可以在一段预设时间段内上传或下载的数据，测量预设时间段内上传或下载的数据量，从而计算单位时间上传或下载的数据量，作为初始网络带宽。本申请实施例并不对平均网络带宽的测量方法做任何限定。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，可以在播放所述多媒体数据的第一码率的第一数据源的过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，这样在播放多媒体数据过程中，可以根据网络带宽的变化自动切换与网络带宽相匹配的码率，可以解决在观看电视节目时需要手动切换码率的问题，能够保证流畅清晰地观看视频，简化用户操作，提高用户体验。
图6为本申请实施例的装置结构图。
请参照图6所示，在上述实施例的基础上，本申请实施例提供的种智能电视的码率切换装置，具体包括：
检测模块10，用于在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，所述第一数据源具有第一 码率；
查找模块12，与所述检测模块11耦接，用于根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率；
判断模块14，与所述查找模块12耦接，用于当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与当前码率的差值；
控制模块16，与所述判断模块14耦接，用于依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限；当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。具体来说，当所述当前码率与第一码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放；当所述第一码率与当前码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放。
在根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率时，所述查找模块12进一步用于根据所述平均网络带宽，确定与所述平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率；或，根据所述在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，预测下一时间段内的平均网络带宽，确定与所述下一时间段内的平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率。
每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽时，所述检测模块10进一步用于在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，确定在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量；根据在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量计算每秒缓存的多媒体数据量，并作为在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽。
所述控制模块16，进一步包括：
信息获取单元，用于接收在所述预设时间段内的服务质量信息，所述服务质量信息包括：所述时间段内的延时、丢包率和网络抖动；
网络预估单元，用于根据所述延时、丢包率和网络抖动的加权值，并结合所述加权值所在的阈值区间与网络状态等级的对应关系，预估所述预设时间段内的网络状态等级，其中，所述延时、丢包率和网络抖动的加权值越小，所述网络状态等级越高；
媒体控制单元，用于对网络状态等级与准调门限进行比较，依据第一比较结果或第二比较结果，结合网络状态等级与准调门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放；其中，所述当前码率与第一码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述第二码率与当前码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为第一比较结果；所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述当前码率与第二码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为第二比较结果。
从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放时，所述控制模块16进一步用于提示用户对所述多媒体数据进行切换以及要切换的当前码率，并记录提示的次数，并判断在预设提示次数内是否接收到码率切换指令；在达到预设提示次数之前接收到码率切换指令时或在达到预设提示次数后仍未接收到码率切换指令时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放。
所述控制模块16，进一步用于记录所述多媒体数据的第一数据源的当前播放点，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源，并从所述第一数据源的当前播放点开始播放所述多媒体数据的第二数据源。当然，对于一些根据播放时长将多媒体数据分成一个个分片的数据源，还可以依据所述第一数据源的当前播放点，在第二数据源中查询符合播放起始点与所述当前播放点相差处于一预设范围内的分片，调取所述分片进行播放；特别对于流媒体数据，还可以依据所述第一数据源的当前播放点，由所述当前播放点的下一帧开始调取第二数据源；这样就不需要将当前播放点之前的分片或数据流也进行下载，节省了流量，同时大大提高了第二数据源下载到本地的速度，使得切换过程更加顺畅。
请参照图7所示，本申请实施例提供的种智能电视的码率切换装置，在图6的基础上还包括：
调用模块18，与检测模块10耦接，用于响应于对所述多媒体数据的播放请求，从所述服务器预存的所述多媒体数据的不同码率的数据源中调取具 有所述第一码率的第一数据源；进一步用于响应所述播放请求，识别所接入的网络类型、初始网络带宽、网络用户接入数量和终端处理能力，并根据所接入的网络类型、当前网络带宽、当前网络的用户接入数量和终端处理能力确定所述第一码率；或，响应所述播放请求，识别预设的默认码率，将所述默认码率作为第一码率。
请参照图8所示，本申请实施例提供的种智能电视的码率切换装置，在图6的基础上还包括：
配置模块20，与所述控制模块16耦接，用于配置所述触发门限和切换门限，所述触发门限与切换门限之和，小于等于所述第二码率与第一码率的差值的绝对值。
请参照图9所示，本申请实施例提供的种智能电视的码率切换装置，在图6的基础上还可以包括：
调用模块18，与检测模块10耦接，用于响应于对所述多媒体数据的播放请求，从所述服务器预存的所述多媒体数据的不同码率的数据源中调取具有所述第一码率的第一数据源；进一步用于响应所述播放请求，识别所接入的网络类型、初始网络带宽、网络用户接入数量和终端处理能力，并根据所接入的网络类型、当前网络带宽、当前网络的用户接入数量和终端处理能力确定所述第一码率；或，响应所述播放请求，识别预设的默认码率，将所述默认码率作为第一码率；
配置模块20，与所述控制模块16耦接，用于配置所述触发门限和切换门限，所述触发门限与切换门限之和，小于等于所述第二码率与第一码率的差值的绝对值。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。上述描述的装置的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的。
所述的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分 布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
通过本申请提供的智能电视的码率切换方法及装置，在播放多媒体数据过程中，可以根据网络带宽的变化自动切换与网络带宽相匹配的码率，可以解决在观看电视节目时需要手动切换码率的问题，能够保证流畅清晰地观看视频，简化用户操作，提高用户体验。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种智能电视的码率切换方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，并根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率，其中，所述第一数据源的码率为第一码率；
    当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，依据所述当前码率与第一码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限；
    当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与当前码率的差值，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，
    所述触发门限与切换门限之和，小于等于第二码率与第一码率的差值的绝对值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率，进一步包括：
    根据所述平均网络带宽，确定与所述平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率；或，
    根据所述在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，预测下一时间段内的平均网络带宽，确定与所述下一时间段内的平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，进一步包括：
    接收服务质量信息，所述服务质量信息包括：所述时间段内的延时、丢包率和网络抖动；
    根据所述服务质量信息的加权值，并结合所述加权值所在的阈值区间与网络状态等级的对应关系，预估所述预设时间段内的网络状态等级，其中，所述服务质量信息的加权值越小，所述网络状态等级越高；
    对网络状态等级与准调门限进行比较，依据第一比较结果或第二比较结果，结合网络状态等级与准调门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放；其中，所述当前码率与第一码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述第二码率与当前码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为所述第一比较结果；所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述当前码率与第二码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为所述第二比较结果。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，进一步包括：
    当所述当前码率与第一码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放；
    当所述第一码率与当前码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放，进一步包括：
    提示用户对所述多媒体数据进行切换以及要切换的当前码率，并记录提示的次数，并判断在预设提示次数内是否接收到码率切换指令；
    在达到预设提示次数之前接收到码率切换指令时，或在达到预设提示次数后仍未接收到码率切换指令时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放，进一步包括：
    记录所述多媒体数据的第一数据源的当前播放点，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源，并从所述第一数据源的当前播放点开始播放所述多 媒体数据的第二数据源。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程之前，还包括：
    响应于对所述多媒体数据的播放请求，从所述服务器预存的所述多媒体数据的不同码率的数据源中调取具有所述第一码率的第一数据源。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，响应于对所述多媒体数据的播放请求，进一步包括：
    响应所述播放请求，识别所接入的网络类型、初始网络带宽、网络用户接入数量和终端处理能力，并根据所接入的网络类型、当前网络带宽、当前网络的用户接入数量和终端处理能力确定所述第一码率；或，
    响应所述播放请求，识别预设的默认码率，将所述默认码率作为第一码率。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的码率切换方法，其特征在于，所述每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，进一步包括：
    在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，确定在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量；
    根据在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量计算每秒缓存的多媒体数据量，并作为在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽。
  11. 一种在其上记录有用于执行权利要求1-10中任一项所述码率切换方法的程序的计算机可读记录介质。
  12. 一种智能电视的码率切换装置，其特征在于，包括：
    检测模块，用于在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，每隔预设时间段测量在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，所述第一数据源具有第一码率；
    查找模块，与所述检测模块耦接，用于根据所述平均网络带宽获得当前码率；
    判断模块，与所述查找模块耦接，用于当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，确定所述当前码率与第一码率的差值，当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，确定所述第一码率与当前码率的差值；
    控制模块，与所述判断模块耦接，用于依据所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进 行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放，其中，所述第二数据源的码率为第二码率，当所述当前码率大于第一码率时，所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限；当所述当前码率小于第一码率时，所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    配置模块，与所述控制模块耦接，用于配置所述触发门限和切换门限，所述触发门限与切换门限之和，小于等于第二码率与第一码率的差值的绝对值。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，
    所述查找模块，进一步用于根据所述平均网络带宽，确定与所述平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率；或，根据所述在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽，预测下一时间段内的平均网络带宽，确定与所述下一时间段内的平均网络带宽相匹配的码率作为当前码率。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，进一步包括：
    信息获取单元，用于接收在所述预设时间段内的服务质量信息，所述服务质量信息包括：所述时间段内的延时、丢包率和网络抖动；
    网络预估单元，用于根据所述服务质量信息的加权值，并结合所述加权值所在的阈值区间与网络状态等级的对应关系，预估所述预设时间段内的网络状态等级，其中，所述服务质量信息的加权值越小，所述网络状态等级越高；
    媒体控制单元，用于对网络状态等级与准调门限进行比较，依据第一比较结果或第二比较结果，结合网络状态等级与准调门限的比较结果，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放或继续调取所述第一数据源进行播放；其中，所述当前码率与第一码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述第二码率与当前码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为所述第一比较结果；所述第一码率与当前码率的差值与触发门限的比较结果以及所述当前码率与第二码率的差值与切换门限的比较结果作为所述第二比较结果。
  16. 根据权利要求12或15所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，
    所述控制模块，进一步用于当所述当前码率与第一码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述第二码率与当前码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取 所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放；当所述第一码率与当前码率的差值大于所述触发门限且所述当前码率与第二码率的差值小于切换门限时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放；否则继续从所述服务器调取所述第一数据源进行播放。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，
    所述控制模块，进一步用于提示用户对所述多媒体数据进行切换以及要切换的当前码率，并记录提示的次数，并判断在预设提示次数内是否接收到码率切换指令；在达到预设提示次数之前接收到码率切换指令时或在达到预设提示次数后仍未接收到码率切换指令时，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源进行播放。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，
    所述控制模块，进一步用于记录所述多媒体数据的第一数据源的当前播放点，从服务器调取所述多媒体数据的第二数据源，并从所述第一数据源的当前播放点开始播放所述多媒体数据的第二数据源。
  19. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    调用模块，用于响应于对所述多媒体数据的播放请求，从所述服务器预存的所述多媒体数据的不同码率的数据源中调取具有所述第一码率的第一数据源。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，
    所述调用模块，进一步用于响应所述播放请求，识别所接入的网络类型、初始网络带宽、网络用户接入数量和终端处理能力，并根据所接入的网络类型、当前网络带宽、当前网络的用户接入数量和终端处理能力确定所述第一码率；或，响应所述播放请求，识别预设的默认码率，将所述默认码率作为第一码率。
  21. 根据权利要求12所述的码率切换装置，其特征在于，
    所述检测模块，进一步用于在多媒体数据的第一数据源的播放过程中，确定在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量；根据在所述预设时间段内多媒体数据缓存区缓存的多媒体数据量计算每秒缓存的多媒体数据量，并作为在所述预设时间段内的平均网络带宽。
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