WO2015074426A1 - 轮毂电机及其使用方法 - Google Patents
轮毂电机及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015074426A1 WO2015074426A1 PCT/CN2014/081543 CN2014081543W WO2015074426A1 WO 2015074426 A1 WO2015074426 A1 WO 2015074426A1 CN 2014081543 W CN2014081543 W CN 2014081543W WO 2015074426 A1 WO2015074426 A1 WO 2015074426A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hub motor
- hole
- bicycle
- controller
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/118—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with starting devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to a hub motor for use on an electric bicycle and a method of using the same.
- the power sensor needs to be installed between the frame and the crank sprocket, the power sensor has many components and needs to be respectively mounted on the frame and the crank sprocket, which makes the power sensor installation troublesome, makes the whole vehicle inconvenient to install, and helps.
- the installation of the sensor between the frame and the crank sprocket causes the power sensor to be directly exposed to the external environment, which may easily cause the power sensor to be damaged during use, such as being hit by a splash of stone, being attacked by acid rain when it rains, etc. Thereby, the service life of the power sensor is low, thereby affecting the normal use of the electric bicycle.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hub motor with a built-in power sensing system, so that an electric bicycle equipped with the hub motor does not need to be equipped with a power sensor between the frame and the crank sprocket, so that the whole vehicle is installed. Convenient, it can also avoid damage to the power sensor caused by the exposure sensor being exposed to the external environment.
- the present invention provides a hub motor including a fixed motor shaft; a rotatable hub housing; a rotating seat that rotates synchronously with the crank sprocket of the electric bicycle; and a hub housing a rotating rotating sleeve; a one-way transmission ratchet mechanism disposed between the rotating seat and the rotating sleeve, when the rotating seat rotates in the forward direction, the rotating seat drives the rotating sleeve to rotate in the forward direction through the ratchet mechanism; a magnetic steel component and a Hall component assembly; the magnetic steel component comprises a magnetic steel fixing frame rotating synchronously with the rotating base, and the magnetic steel fixing frame is provided with a plurality of magnetic steels distributed around the motor shaft;
- the Hall element assembly includes at least two Hall elements disposed adjacent to and adjacent to the magnetic steel, the signal output of the Hall element being coupled to the controller of the hub motor.
- the magnetic steel fixing frame is an annular fixing plate
- the annular fixing plate is provided with a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed magnetic steel fixing holes for mounting the magnetic steel, and the annular fixing plate is movably fitted on the motor shaft.
- ring fixing plate and wheel The hub housing is fixedly connected.
- the hub housing is provided with a motor stator
- the electronic stator comprises a stator bracket.
- the stator bracket comprises a bracket inner ring and a bracket outer ring for fixing the stator core and the stator coil, and the inner ring of the bracket is provided with an axial through hole.
- the first through hole and the second through hole, the inner ring of the bracket is fixed on the motor shaft through the first through hole, the second through hole is opposite to the magnetic steel fixing hole, and the Hall element assembly is fixed on the second through hole .
- the first through hole and the second through hole are in communication.
- the motor shaft is provided with an axially extending cable hole, and the signal output lines of the Hall element are connected to the controller of the hub motor through the cable hole.
- the invention also discloses a method for using a hub motor, which is mounted on an electric bicycle.
- the controller of the hub motor When the controller of the hub motor is energized, when the rider is stepping on the pedal of the bicycle, the crank sprocket passes The chain drives the rotating seat to rotate in the forward direction, and the magnetic steel fixing frame rotates forward with the rotating seat.
- the Hall element component detects the rotational angular velocity of the magnetic steel, and transmits corresponding information to the controller, and the controller controls the working of the hub motor. , to assist the rider;
- the magnetic steel holder stops rotating.
- the Hall element assembly detects that the magnetic steel stops rotating, and transmits corresponding information to the controller, and the controller controls the hub motor to stop working, thereby stopping. Assisting effect;
- the crank sprocket drives the hub shell to rotate in the opposite direction through the chain, and the magnetic steel bracket rotates in the reverse direction with the rotating seat, at which time the Hall element assembly detects that the magnetic steel is reversed.
- the controller controls the hub motor to stop working, thereby stopping the assisting action;
- the hub motor does not contribute to the rider, and the electric bicycle in which the hub motor is mounted is equivalent to a bicycle.
- the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
- the hub motor has a built-in power sensing system.
- the power sensing system includes magnetic steel and Hall elements.
- the Hall element can convert the forward rotational speed of the wheel into an analog signal and transmit it to the controller.
- the controller controls the operation of the hub motor, and the hub motor drives the wheel to rotate, so that the hub motor assists the rider, so that the electric bicycle equipped with the hub motor can be assisted without the need for the frame and the crank sprocket
- An additional power assist sensor is installed to facilitate the installation of the electric bicycle, and the power sensing system is disposed inside the hub motor, thereby preventing the components of the power sensing system from being exposed to the external environment, thereby effectively avoiding The components of the power-sensing system are damaged, so that the life of the power-sensing system is long, which ensures the normal use of the electric bicycle.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hub motor of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an annular fixing plate
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stator bracket
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stator holder.
- the hub motor of the present invention comprises a motor shaft 1 and a hub housing 2, the motor shaft 1 is fixed, the hub housing 2 is rotatable, and the hub housing 2 and the motor rotor 7 are connected by a gear assembly, the motor rotor 7 Rotatingly mounted on the motor shaft 1, the sun gear 8 is fixedly connected to the motor rotor 7, and the inner surface of the hub shell 2 is provided with an inner ring gear 9, and the inner ring gear 9 is interference-fitted with the hub shell 2, A plurality of circumferentially distributed planet gears 10 are disposed between the ring gear 9 and the sun gear 8.
- the clutch shaft 11 is sleeved and fixed on the motor shaft 1, and the clutch inner ring 11 and the motor shaft 1 are connected by a flat key to separate the inner ring.
- the outer periphery of the outer ring 12 is disposed between the clutch inner ring 11 and the clutch outer ring 12, and the circumferential outer ring 12 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed axles 14, the planetary gear 10 and the axle In a one-to-one correspondence, the planet gear 10 is sleeved on the axle 14 and rotatable about the axle 14.
- the hub motor of the present invention further includes a rotating base 15 and a rotating sleeve 18.
- the rotating base 15 is movably fitted on the motor shaft 1.
- the periphery of the rotating base 15 is provided with a transmission tooth 16, and the rotating base 15 passes between the crank sprocket of the electric bicycle and the crank sprocket of the electric bicycle.
- the chain is connected, so that the rotating seat 15 rotates synchronously with the crank sprocket, the rotating sleeve 18 and the end cover 19 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the end cover 19 is fixedly connected with the hub shell 2 by bolts, so that the rotating sleeve 18 and the hub shell are made
- the body 2 rotates synchronously.
- a unidirectionally driven ratchet mechanism 17 is disposed between the rotating base 15 and the rotating sleeve 18.
- the rotating base 15 drives the rotating sleeve 18 to rotate in the forward direction by the ratchet mechanism 17, and when the rotating base 15 is reversed
- the rotating seat 15 cannot rotate the rotating sleeve 18 in the reverse direction by the ratchet mechanism 17, so that the ratchet mechanism 17 functions as a one-way transmission.
- the rotating seat 15 rotates in the forward direction and rotates.
- Seat 15 drives the hub shell 2 Forward rotation, when the rider reversely steps on the pedal, the rotary seat 15 rotates in the reverse direction, and the rotary seat 15 does not drive the reverse rotation of the hub housing 2.
- a magnetic steel assembly and a Hall element assembly are disposed in the hub housing 2.
- the magnetic steel assembly includes a magnetic steel holder that rotates in synchronization with the rotating base 15, and the magnetic steel holder is provided with a plurality of magnetic steels 3 distributed circumferentially around the motor shaft 1.
- the Hall element assembly comprises two Hall elements 4 disposed adjacent to and adjacent to the magnetic steel 3, two Hall elements 4 are arranged in a stack, and a signal output end of the Hall element 4 is connected to the hub motor
- the controller may also include three or more magnetic steels.
- the magnetic steel fixing frame is an annular fixing plate 5, and the annular fixing plate 5 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed magnetic steel fixing holes 501 for mounting the magnetic steel 3, and the annular fixing plate 5 is sleeved on the motor shaft 1, the annular fixing plate 5 is fixedly connected with the rotating base 15, the annular fixing plate 5 is arranged along the radial direction of the motor shaft 1, and the circular fixing plate 5 is further provided with a circular inner hole 502 and A plurality of first mounting holes 503, a magnetic steel fixing hole 501 and a first mounting hole 503 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the circular inner hole 502.
- the first mounting hole 503 is disposed in the circular inner hole 502 and the magnetic steel fixing hole 501.
- the annular fixing plate 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating base 15, and the annular fixing plate 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating base 15 by passing the screw through the first mounting hole 503 and screwing on the inner wall of the rotating base 15.
- the annular fixing plate 5 is rotated in synchronization with the rotating base 15.
- the magnetic steel 3 is fixed by the annular fixing plate 5, and all the magnetic steels 3 are mounted on the annular fixing plate 5, so that the magnetic steel 3 can be integrally removed and installed through the annular fixing plate 5, and the installation is convenient.
- the hub housing 2 is provided with a motor stator
- the electronic stator includes a stator bracket 6 including a bracket inner ring 601 and a bracket for fixing the stator core 603 and the stator coil.
- the outer ring 602 is provided with a first through hole 6011, a second through hole 6012, and a plurality of second mounting holes 6013 circumferentially distributed around the first through hole 6011.
- the second mounting hole 6013 is disposed on the inner ring 601 of the bracket.
- the first through hole 6011 and the second through hole 6012 are connected to each other, and the inner ring 601 of the bracket is sleeved and fixed on the motor shaft 1 through the first through hole 6011, and the second through hole 6012 and the magnetic steel
- the fixing holes 501 are oppositely disposed, and the Hall element assembly is fixed on the second through hole 6012, that is, the distance between the second through hole 6012 and the center line of the motor shaft 1 and the center line of the magnetic steel fixing hole 501 to the motor shaft 1.
- the distance is the same, so that when the Hall element 4 is fixed on the second through hole 6012, after the magnetic steel 3 is fixed on the magnetic steel fixing hole 501, when the annular fixing plate 5 rotates to drive the magnetic steel 3 to rotate, the respective magnetic steel 3 is Rotating through the position opposite to the Hall element 4 in turn, when magnetic 3 and 4 are on the Hall element, the Hall element 4 detects a magnetic field and sends a signal to the controller 3 when the magnet 4 is not facing the Hall element, a Hall element 4 can not detect a magnetic field.
- the motor shaft 1 is provided with an axially extending cable hole 101.
- the signal output lines of the Hall element 4 are connected to the controller of the hub motor through the cable hole 101.
- the cable hole 101 is provided with a cable line and a cable hole.
- the bottom of the 101 is provided with a first radial through hole 102, the first radial through hole 102 is in communication with the cable hole 101, one end of the cable is connected to the stator coil on the motor stator, and the other end of the cable is connected to the controller, That is to say, the cable is sequentially connected from the controller through the cable hole, the first radial through hole 102 is connected to the stator coil, the controller supplies power to the stator coil through the cable, and the bottom of the cable hole 101 is further provided with a second radial through hole 103.
- the second radial through hole 103 communicates with the cable hole 101, and the signal output line of the Hall element extends into the cable hole through the second radial through hole 103, and extends through the cable hole 101 to the controller and is connected to the controller.
- the Hall element 4 is fixed to the stator holder 6 of the motor stator, so that it is convenient to fix the Hall element 4, so that the mounting structure of the Hall element 4 is relatively simple.
- the invention also provides a method for using a hub motor, the specific process is as follows:
- the hub motor is mounted on the electric bicycle.
- the controller of the hub motor When the controller of the hub motor is energized, when the rider is stepping on the pedal of the bicycle, the crank sprocket drives the rotating seat to rotate forward through the chain, and the magnetic steel holder The rotating seat rotates in the forward direction.
- the Hall element assembly detects the rotational angular velocity of the magnetic steel, and transmits corresponding information to the controller, and the controller controls the working of the hub motor to assist the rider;
- the magnetic steel holder stops rotating.
- the Hall element assembly detects that the magnetic steel stops rotating, and transmits corresponding information to the controller, and the controller controls the hub motor to stop working, thereby stopping. Assisting effect;
- the crank sprocket drives the hub shell to rotate in the opposite direction through the chain, and the magnetic steel bracket rotates in the reverse direction with the rotating seat, at which time the Hall element assembly detects that the magnetic steel is reversed.
- the controller controls the hub motor to stop working, thereby stopping the assisting action;
- the determination of the direction of rotation of the magnetic steel by the two Hall elements is based on the order in which the magnetic fields of the magnetic steel are induced by the two Hall elements.
- the hub motor does not contribute to the rider, and the electric bicycle in which the hub motor is mounted is equivalent to a bicycle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
一种轮毂电机,其在轮毂壳体内设置若干个环向分布的磁钢和至少两个霍尔元件,磁钢与转动座同步转动,转动座与曲柄链轮同步转动,霍尔元件固定在靠近磁钢的位置,霍尔元件的信号输出端连接至该轮毂电机的控制器。该轮毂电机使用安装在自行车上后,当骑行者正向踩踏自行车脚踏时,控制器控制该轮毂电机工作,当骑行者停止踩踏自行车脚踏时,控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作,当骑行者反向踩踏自行车脚踏时,控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作。使得安装了该轮毂电机的电动自行车无需再在车架与由柄链轮之间安装助力传感器,使整车安装方便,还可以避免因助力传感器暴露在外部环境中而使助力传感器受损的情况。
Description
轮毂电机及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电机技术领域, 具体讲是一种用在电动自行车上的轮毂电机及其使用方 法。
背景技术
目前市面上有一种助力式的电动自行车, 其在电动自行车的车架与曲柄链轮之间安 装助力传感器, 在骑行该电动自行车时, 骑行者通过脚蹬驱动曲柄链轮转动, 曲柄链轮 通过链条驱动该电动自行车的车轮转动, 以驱动该电动自行车前行, 而助力传感器将曲 柄链轮的旋转速度转换成模拟信号传送给控制器, 然后控制器控制轮毂电机转动, 轮毂 电机带动该电动自行车的车轮转动, 使人力和电力共同驱动该电动自行车前行, 实现助 力作用。 由于助力传感器需要安装在车架与曲柄链轮之间, 而助力传感器的零部件较多 且需要分别安装在车架和曲柄链轮上, 使得助力传感器安装麻烦, 使得整车安装不便, 而且助力传感器安装在车架和曲柄链轮之间会使得助力传感器直接暴露在外部环境中, 从而容易导致助力传感器在使用过程中受损, 如被飞溅的石子击中、 下雨时被酸雨侵袭 等, 从而使得助力传感器的使用寿命较低, 从而影响该电动自行车的正常使用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是, 提供一种内置有助力传感系统的轮毂电机, 使得安 装了该轮毂电机的电动自行车无需再在车架与曲柄链轮之间安装助力传感器,使整车安 装方便, 还可以避免因助力传感器暴露在外部环境中而使助力传感器受损的情况。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供的轮毂电机, 包括一固定不动的电机轴; 一可转 动的轮毂壳体; 一与电动自行车的曲柄链轮同步转动的转动座; 一与轮毂壳体同步转动 的转动套;一设置在转动座和转动套之间的单向传动的棘轮机构,当转动座正向转动时, 转动座通过棘轮机构带动转动套正向转动; 所述的轮毂壳体内设置有一磁钢组件和一霍 尔元件组件; 所述的磁钢组件包括与转动座同步转动的磁钢固定架, 磁钢固定架上设置 有若干个围绕电机轴环向分布的磁钢; 所述的霍尔元件组件包括至少两个相邻设置且靠 近所述的磁钢的霍尔元件, 霍尔元件的信号输出端连接至该轮毂电机的控制器。
作为优选, 所述的磁钢固定架为一环形固定板, 环形固定板上设有若干个周向均匀 分布的用于安装磁钢的磁钢固定孔, 环形固定板活动套合在电机轴上, 环形固定板与轮
毂外壳固定连接。
作为优选, 所述的轮毂壳体内设置有电机定子, 电子定子包括定子支架, 定子支架 包括支架内圈和用于固定定子铁芯和定子线圈的支架外圈,支架内圈上设置有轴向贯通 的第一通孔和第二通孔, 支架内圈通过第一通孔套置固定在电机轴上, 第二通孔与磁钢 固定孔相对设置, 霍尔元件组件固定在第二通孔上。
作为优选, 所述的第一通孔和第二通孔相连通。
作为优选, 所述的电机轴内设有轴向延伸的电缆孔, 霍尔元件的信号输出线均通过 电缆孔连接至该轮毂电机的控制器。
本发明还公开了一种轮毂电机的使用方法, 将该轮毂电机安装在电动自行车上, 在 该轮毂电机的控制器通电的情况下, 当骑行者正向踩踏自行车脚踏时, 曲柄链轮通过链 条带动转动座正向转动, 磁钢固定架随着转动座正向转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到磁 钢的转动角速度, 并将相应信息传送到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机工作, 以对骑行 者产生助力作用;
当骑行者停止踩踏自行车脚踏时, 磁钢固定架停止转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到 磁钢停止转动, 并将相应信息传送到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作, 从而停 止助力作用;
当骑行者反向踩踏自行车脚踏时, 曲柄链轮通过链条带动轮毂壳体反向转动, 磁钢 固定架随着转动座反向转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到磁钢在进行反向转动, 并将相应 信息传动到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作, 从而停止助力作用;
在该轮毂电机的控制器断电的情况下, 该轮毂电机不会对骑行者产生助力作用, 安 装该轮毂电机的电动自行车即相当于自行车。
采用以上结构和方法后, 本发明与现有技术相比, 具有以下的优点:
该轮毂电机内置有助力传感系统, 助力传感系统包括磁钢和霍尔元件, 骑行者在骑 行过程中, 霍尔元件可以将车轮的正向转动速度转换成模拟信号传送到控制器, 然后控 制器控制轮毂电机工作, 轮毂电机驱动车轮转动, 这样轮毂电机就对骑行者产生助力作 用, 这样, 安装了该轮毂电机的电动自行车就可以实现助力作用, 而无需在车架和曲柄 链轮之间再另外安装助力传感器, 从而方便了电动自行车的整车安装, 而且助力传感系 统设置在轮毂电机的内部, 从而可以避免助力传感系统的各个元件暴露在外部环境中, 从而可以有效避免助力传感系统的各个元件损坏, 从而使得助力传感系统的使用寿命较 长, 保证了电动自行车的正常使用。
附图说明
图 1是本发明轮毂电机的结构示意图;
图 2是环形固定板的结构示意图;
图 3是定子支架的结构示意图;
图 4是定子支架的剖面图。
其中, 1、 电机轴; 101、 电缆孔; 102、 第一径向通孔; 103、 第二径向通孔; 2、 轮毂壳体; 3、 磁钢; 4、 霍尔元件; 5、 环形固定板; 501、 磁钢固定孔; 502、 圆形内 孔; 503、 第一安装孔; 6、 定子支架; 601、 支架内圈; 6011、 第一通孔; 6012、 第二 通孔; 6013、 第二安装孔; 602、 支架外圈; 603、 定子铁芯; 7、 电机转子; 8、 太阳轮; 9、 内齿圈; 10、 行星轮; 11、 离合内圈; 12、 离合外圈; 13、 单向轴承; 14、 轮轴; 15、 转动座; 16、 传动齿; 17、 棘轮机构; 18、 转动套; 19、 端盖。
具体实 式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细地说明。
由图 1所示, 本发明轮毂电机包括电机轴 1和轮毂壳体 2, 电机轴 1固定不动, 轮 毂壳体 2可转动, 轮毂壳体 2与电机转子 7通过齿轮组件连接, 电机转子 7可转动的套 置在电机轴 1上, 太阳轮 8与电机转子 7固定连接, 轮毂壳体 2的内表面上设有内齿圈 9, 内齿圈 9与轮毂壳体 2过盈配合, 内齿圈 9与太阳轮 8之间设置有若干个周向分布 的行星轮 10, 电机轴 1上套置固定有离合内圈 11, 离合内圈 11与电机轴 1通过平键连 接, 离合内圈 11的外围套置有离合外圈 12, 离合内圈 11和离合外圈 12之间设置有单 向轴承 13, 离合外圈 12上设置有若干个周向分布的轮轴 14, 行星轮 10与轮轴 14一一 对应的设置, 行星轮 10套置在轮轴 14上且可绕轮轴 14转动。
本发明轮毂电机还包括转动座 15和转动套 18, 转动座 15活动套合在电机轴 1上, 转动座 15的外围设置有传动齿 16,转动座 15与电动自行车的曲柄链轮之间通过链条连 接, 这样, 使得转动座 15与曲柄链轮同步转动, 转动套 18与端盖 19通过螺栓固定连 接, 端盖 19与轮毂壳体 2通过螺栓固定连接, 这样, 使得转动套 18与轮毂壳体 2同步 转动。
转动座 15和转动套 18之间设置有单向传动的棘轮机构 17, 当转动座 15正向转动 时, 转动座 15通过棘轮机构 17带动转动套 18正向转动, 而当转动座 15反向转动时, 转动座 15无法通过棘轮机构 17带动转动套 18反向转动, 这样, 棘轮机构 17起到单向 传动的作用, 当骑行者正向踩踏脚蹬时, 转动座 15正向转动, 转动座 15带动轮毂壳体
2正向转动, 当骑行者反向踩踏脚蹬时, 转动座 15反向转动, 转动座 15不带动轮毂壳 体 2反向转动。
所述的轮毂壳体 2内设置有一磁钢组件和一霍尔元件组件。
所述的磁钢组件包括与转动座 15 同步转动的磁钢固定架, 磁钢固定架上设置有若 干个围绕电机轴 1环向分布的磁钢 3。
所述的霍尔元件组件包括两个相邻设置且靠近所述的磁钢 3的霍尔元件 4, 两个霍 尔元件 4叠置设置, 霍尔元件 4的信号输出端连接至该轮毂电机的控制器, 当然, 所述 的霍尔元件组件也可以包括三个或更多个磁钢。
由图 2所示, 所述的磁钢固定架为一环形固定板 5, 环形固定板 5上设有若干个周 向均匀分布的用于安装磁钢 3的磁钢固定孔 501,环形固定板 5活动套合在电机轴 1上, 环形固定板 5与转动座 15固定连接, 环形固定板 5沿着电机轴 1的径向方向设置, 环 形固定板 5上还开设有圆形内孔 502和若干个第一安装孔 503, 磁钢固定孔 501和第一 安装孔 503均围绕圆形内孔 502周向均匀分布,第一安装孔 503设置于圆形内孔 502和 磁钢固定孔 501之间, 环形固定板 5固定在转动座 15的内壁上, 通过将螺钉穿过第一 安装孔 503并旋合在转动座 15的内壁上来将环形固定板 5固定在转动座 15的内壁上, 这样, 使得环形固定板 5与转动座 15同步转动。
通过环形固定板 5来固定磁钢 3, 所有磁钢 3均安装在该环形固定板 5上, 使得磁 钢 3可以通过环形固定板 5整体的拆卸和安装, 安装较为方便。
由图 3、 图 4所示, 所述的轮毂壳体 2内设置有电机定子, 电子定子包括定子支架 6, 定子支架 6包括支架内圈 601和用于固定定子铁芯 603和定子线圈的支架外圈 602, 支架内圈 601上设置有轴向贯通的第一通孔 6011、 第二通孔 6012和若干个围绕第一通 孔 6011环向分布的第二安装孔 6013, 第二安装孔 6013用于固定安装该定子支架 6, 第 一通孔 6011和第二通孔 6012相连通, 支架内圈 601通过第一通孔 6011套置固定在电 机轴 1上, 第二通孔 6012与磁钢固定孔 501相对设置, 霍尔元件组件固定在第二通孔 6012上, 也就是说第二通孔 6012到电机轴 1的中心线的距离与磁钢固定孔 501到电机 轴 1的中心线的距离一致, 使得当霍尔元件 4固定在第二通孔 6012上, 磁钢 3固定在 磁钢固定孔 501上后, 当环形固定板 5转动而带动磁钢 3转动时, 各个磁钢 3在转动时 依次经过与霍尔元件 4相正对的位置, 当磁钢 3与霍尔元件 4正对时, 霍尔元件 4检测 到磁场并发送信号到控制器, 当磁钢 3没有与霍尔元件 4正对时, 霍尔元件 4无法检测 到磁场。
所述的电机轴 1内设有轴向延伸的电缆孔 101, 霍尔元件 4的信号输出线均通过电 缆孔 101连接至该轮毂电机的控制器, 电缆孔 101内设置有电缆线, 电缆孔 101的底部 设置有第一径向通孔 102, 第一径向通孔 102与电缆孔 101连通, 电缆线的一端与电机 定子上的定子线圈连接, 电缆线的另一端与控制器连接, 也就是说电缆线从控制器依次 穿过电缆孔、 第一径向通孔 102连接至定子线圈, 控制器通过电缆线为定子线圈供电, 电缆孔 101的底部还开设有第二径向通孔 103, 第二径向通孔 103与电缆孔 101连通, 霍尔元件的信号输出线通过第二径向通孔 103延伸至电缆孔内, 并通过电缆孔 101延伸 至控制器并与控制器连接。
霍尔元件 4固定在电机定子的定子支架 6上, 这样, 固定霍尔元件 4较为方便, 使 得霍尔元件 4的安装结构较为简单。
本发明还提供了一种轮毂电机的使用方法, 具体过程如下:
将该轮毂电机安装在电动自行车上, 在该轮毂电机的控制器通电的情况下, 当骑行 者正向踩踏自行车脚踏时, 曲柄链轮通过链条带动转动座正向转动, 磁钢固定架随着转 动座正向转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到磁钢的转动角速度, 并将相应信息传送到控制 器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机工作, 以对骑行者产生助力作用;
当骑行者停止踩踏自行车脚踏时, 磁钢固定架停止转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到 磁钢停止转动, 并将相应信息传送到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作, 从而停 止助力作用;
当骑行者反向踩踏自行车脚踏时, 曲柄链轮通过链条带动轮毂壳体反向转动, 磁钢 固定架随着转动座反向转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到磁钢在进行反向转动, 并将相应 信息传动到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作, 从而停止助力作用;
两个霍尔元件对磁钢的旋转方向的判断是根据两个霍尔元件感应到磁钢的磁场的 先后顺序来作为判断依据的。
在该轮毂电机的控制器断电的情况下, 该轮毂电机不会对骑行者产生助力作用, 安 装该轮毂电机的电动自行车即相当于自行车。
以上仅就本发明应用较佳的实例做出了说明, 但不能理解为是对权利要求的限制, 本发明的结构可以有其他变化, 不局限于上述结构。 总之, 凡在本发明的独立权利要求 的保护范围内所作的各种变化均在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims
1、 一种轮毂电机, 包括:
一固定不动的电机轴 (1 );
一可转动的轮毂壳体 (2);
一与电动自行车的曲柄链轮同步转动的转动座 (15);
一与轮毂壳体 (2) 同步转动的转动套 (18);
一设置在转动座 (15 ) 和转动套 (18 ) 之间的单向传动的棘轮机构 (17 ), 当转动 座 (15) 正向转动时, 转动座 (15) 通过棘轮机构 (17) 带动转动套 (18) 正向转动; 其特征在于:
所述的轮毂壳体 (2) 内设置有一磁钢组件和一霍尔元件组件;
所述的磁钢组件包括与转动座 (15) 同步转动的磁钢固定架, 磁钢固定架上设置有 若干个围绕电机轴 (1 ) 环向分布的磁钢 (3);
所述的霍尔元件组件包括至少两个相邻设置且靠近所述的磁钢(3)的霍尔元件(4), 霍尔元件 (4) 的信号输出端连接至该轮毂电机的控制器。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的轮毂电机, 其特征在于: 所述的磁钢固定架为一环形固 定板 (5), 环形固定板 (5) 上设有若干个周向均匀分布的用于安装磁钢 (3) 的磁钢固 定孔 (501 ), 环形固定板 (5 ) 活动套合在电机轴 (1 ) 上, 环形固定板 (5 ) 与轮毂外 壳 (2) 固定连接。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的轮毂电机, 其特征在于: 所述的轮毂壳体 (2) 内设置有 电机定子, 电子定子包括定子支架 (6), 定子支架 (6) 包括支架内圈 (601 )和用于固 定定子铁芯 (603)和定子线圈的支架外圈 (602), 支架内圈 (601 ) 上设置有轴向贯通 的第一通孔 (6011 )和第二通孔 (6012), 支架内圈 (601 )通过第一通孔 (6011 )套置 固定在电机轴 (1 ) 上, 第二通孔 (6012) 与磁钢固定孔 (501 )相对设置, 霍尔元件组 件固定在第二通孔 (6012) 上。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的轮毂电机, 其特征在于: 所述的第一通孔 (6011 ) 和第 二通孔 (6012) 相连通。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的轮毂电机, 其特征在于: 所述的电机轴 (1 ) 内设有轴向 延伸的电缆孔 (101 ), 霍尔元件 (4) 的信号输出线均通过电缆孔 (101 ) 连接至该轮毂
电机的控制器。
6、 一种基于上述任意一项权利要求的轮毂电机的使用方法, 其特征在于: 将该轮毂电机安装在电动自行车上, 在该轮毂电机的控制器通电的情况下, 当骑行 者正向踩踏自行车脚踏时, 曲柄链轮通过链条带动转动座正向转动, 磁钢固定架随着转 动座正向转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到磁钢的转动角速度, 并将相应信息传送到控制 器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机工作, 以对骑行者产生助力作用;
当骑行者停止踩踏自行车脚踏时, 磁钢固定架停止转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到 磁钢停止转动, 并将相应信息传送到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作, 从而停 止助力作用;
当骑行者反向踩踏自行车脚踏时, 曲柄链轮通过链条带动轮毂壳体反向转动, 磁钢 固定架随着转动座反向转动, 此时霍尔元件组件检测到磁钢在进行反向转动, 并将相应 信息传动到控制器, 控制器控制该轮毂电机停止工作, 从而停止助力作用;
在该轮毂电机的控制器断电的情况下, 该轮毂电机不会对骑行者产生助力作用, 安 装该轮毂电机的电动自行车即相当于自行车。
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| CN107764288A (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-03-06 | 天津永霖科技有限公司 | 一种双霍尔结构的速度型助力传感器及旋转检测方法 |
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| EP3073620A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| EP3073620A4 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
| EP3073620B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
| CN103607075A (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
| CN103607075B (zh) | 2016-04-27 |
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