WO2015106417A1 - 预留信道的方法及通信设备 - Google Patents

预留信道的方法及通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015106417A1
WO2015106417A1 PCT/CN2014/070705 CN2014070705W WO2015106417A1 WO 2015106417 A1 WO2015106417 A1 WO 2015106417A1 CN 2014070705 W CN2014070705 W CN 2014070705W WO 2015106417 A1 WO2015106417 A1 WO 2015106417A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
channel
channel reservation
send
indication frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/070705
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
伍天宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP14878750.0A priority Critical patent/EP3079432B1/en
Priority to CN201480071053.0A priority patent/CN105850217B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/070705 priority patent/WO2015106417A1/zh
Publication of WO2015106417A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015106417A1/zh
Priority to US15/211,622 priority patent/US10154434B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/04—Error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/20—Support for services
    • H04L49/201—Multicast operation; Broadcast operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
    • H04W74/085—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a method and a communication device for reserving a channel. Background technique
  • the WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) system operates on the unlicensed spectrum, so there may be other users sharing the spectrum on the channel. If multiple users send data at the same time, they may interfere with each other and cause conflicts.
  • the WLAN system adopts the CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) mode for collision avoidance.
  • Carrier Sense CS means that any device connected to the channel listens to the channel before it is ready to send data. Data can be sent when it is confirmed that the channel is idle.
  • Multi-access MA means that multiple devices can access channels at the same time. Data frames sent by one device can be received by multiple devices.
  • the CSMA/CA mechanism uses active collision avoidance rather than passive detection to resolve conflicts, and can satisfy those that are not easy to accurately detect whether a conflict has occurred.
  • the CSMA works by sending a data frame when the device is ready to send a data frame and hears that the channel is idle and waits for a random time to remain idle.
  • the access point API sends data to the STA (station)
  • STA station
  • a station or access point that does not hear the access point API may consider the channel idle and send data. Thereby interfering with the receiving device STA.
  • the problem with this hidden node cannot be solved by the CSMA/CA protocol.
  • the WLAN system uses the RTS/CTS (Request to Send/Clear to Send) protocol for transmission protection, and the station or access point reserves the channel before transmitting data.
  • the RTS/CTS protocol stipulates that the access point API sends an RTS frame before transmitting data, and the STA responds to a CTS frame after receiving the RTS frame.
  • All other APs (Access Points, Access Points) or STAs that receive RTS or CTS frames set NAV (Network Allocation Vector) according to the instructions of receiving RTS or CTS.
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • these APs or STAs cannot send data on the corresponding channel.
  • the API sends the RTS and receives the CTS from the STA, it obtains a transmission opportunity. During this time, the API sends data to the STA without being interfered by the surrounding AP or STA.
  • the invention provides a method for reserving a channel and a communication device, which can reduce the collision probability and thereby reduce the system overhead.
  • the present invention provides a method for reserving a channel, including: a first device generates a first indication frame, where a first indication frame is used to indicate a time when a second device sends a channel reservation frame, and a channel reserved frame is used. And a channel used when the first device sends data to the second device; the first device sends the first indication frame to the plurality of second devices.
  • the sending, by the first device, the first indication frame to the multiple second device includes: Send the first indication frame.
  • the method before the first device generates the first indication frame, the method further includes: acquiring, by the first device, scheduling information;
  • the sending, by the second device, the first indication frame includes: sending, by the first device, the first indication frame to the multiple second devices according to the scheduling information.
  • the present invention provides a method for reserving a channel, including: receiving, by a first device, a first indication frame, where the first indication frame is used to indicate, by the second device, a transmission time of a channel reservation frame, where The channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the first device to send data to the second device; the second device determines a transmission time according to the first indication frame, and sends a channel reservation frame at the transmission time.
  • the first indication frame includes a random backoff time
  • the second device determines the sending time according to the first indication frame, where: the second device is configured according to the first indication frame.
  • the random backoff time is used for random backoff. If the channel is idle during the random backoff time, the second device determines that the random backoff time expires as the sending time.
  • the first indication frame includes a channel reservation frame transmission rule
  • the second device determines the transmission time according to the first indication frame, including: The device determines a transmission time according to a channel reservation frame transmission rule in the first indication frame.
  • the sending of the channel reservation frame at the sending moment includes: sending a channel reservation at a sending moment by using a broadcast manner frame.
  • the present invention provides a method for reserving a channel, including: a first device generates a second indication frame, where a second indication frame is used to indicate that the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used for pre-preparation And leaving a channel used by the first device to send data to the second device; the first device sending the second indication frame to the second device.
  • the first device sends the second indication frame to the second device, where: the first device performs random backoff; when the channel is idle, the first device goes to the second device The device sends a second indication frame.
  • the present invention provides a method for reserving a channel, including: receiving, by a second device, a second indication frame from a first device, where the second indication frame is used to indicate that the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel is reserved.
  • the frame is used to reserve a channel used when the first device sends data to the second device; the second device sends a channel reserved frame.
  • the second device sends the channel reserved frame
  • the method includes: the second device performs random backoff; and if the channel is idle, the second device sends the channel reserved frame.
  • the present invention provides a communication device, including: a generating unit, configured to generate a first indication frame, where the first indication frame is used to indicate a time when the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reserved frame is used to a channel used by the communication device to send data to the second device; and a sending unit, configured to send the first indication frame to the plurality of second devices.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the first indication frame to the multiple second devices by using a broadcast or multicast manner.
  • the communications device further includes: an acquiring unit, configured to acquire scheduling information, and a sending unit, configured to perform, according to the scheduling information, multiple The second device sends the first indication frame.
  • the sixth aspect of the present invention provides a communication device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a first indication frame from a first device, where the first indication frame is used to indicate, by the communication device, a transmission moment of transmitting a channel reservation frame, the channel pre- The frame is used to reserve a channel used by the first device to send data to the communication device; the determining unit is configured to determine a sending time according to the first indication frame; and the sending unit is configured to send the channel reserved frame at the sending time.
  • the first indication frame includes a random backoff time
  • the communications device further includes: a control unit, configured to perform random backoff according to the first indication frame The time-controlling communication device performs random backoff; the determining unit is specifically configured to determine that the time when the random backoff time expires is the sending time if the channel is idle during the random backoff time.
  • the first indication frame includes a channel reservation frame transmission rule
  • the determining unit is specifically configured to reserve the channel according to the first indication frame.
  • the frame transmission rule determines the transmission time.
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to send a channel reservation frame at a sending moment by using a broadcast manner.
  • the seventh aspect of the present invention provides a communication device, including: a generating unit, configured to generate a second indication frame, where the second indication frame is used to indicate that the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used for reservation. a channel used by the communication device to send data to the second device; and a sending unit, configured to send the second indication frame to the second device.
  • the communications device further includes: a control unit, configured to control the communication device to perform random backoff; and a sending unit, configured to: when the channel is idle, to the second device Send a second indication frame.
  • the eighth aspect of the present invention provides a communication device, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive a second indication frame from a first device, where the second indication frame is used to indicate that the communication device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used for pre-preparation And a channel used when the first device sends data to the communication device; and a sending unit, configured to send a channel reserved frame.
  • the communications device further includes: a control unit, configured to control the communication device to perform random backoff; and a sending unit, configured to: if the channel is idle, send a channel reserved frame .
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send the channel reservation frame, so that multiple receiver devices simultaneously transmit the channel in the data transmission process.
  • the reserved frame avoids the competition between the various receiver devices of the data transmission, thereby reducing the collision probability and reducing the system overhead.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applicable.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • an access point is a network device that provides access services, such as an AP in a WALN system.
  • the site is the other end device that communicates to the access point through the wireless network.
  • the user equipment User Equipment, called "UE”
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS mobile terminal
  • this invention is not limited.
  • the following embodiments take the access point AP and the station STA as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applicable.
  • the communication system of Fig. 1 is described by taking the first AP 110a covering the coverage 101a and the second AP 110b covering the coverage 101b as an example.
  • the number of the APs 110 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first STA 120a accesses the first AP 110a
  • the second STA 120b accesses the second AP 110b
  • the third STA 120c accesses the first AP 110a
  • the first STA 120a and the second STA 120b are located within the coverage area 102 in which 101a and 101b overlap.
  • the AP 110a may send an RTS frame first when it is ready to send data to the first STA 120a and the third STA 120c, and the first STA 120a and the third STA 120c respond after receiving the RTS frame.
  • a CTS frame After receiving the RTS or CTS, the second AP 110b and the second STA 120b set the NAV, and do not send data on the corresponding channel within the time corresponding to the NAV.
  • the first AP 110a obtains a transmission opportunity to send data to the first STA 120a and the third STA 120c, and the first STA 120a and the third STA 120c are not interfered by the surrounding AP or STA.
  • the first AP 110a transmits a CTS-to-self (Clear to Send to self) frame, and directly transmits data without the first STA 120a and the third STA 120c responding. This reduces overhead and does not solve the problem of hidden nodes.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for reserving a channel, which can solve the problem of the hidden node, reduces the system overhead, and can be applied to multiple application scenarios based on the competition or the introduction of the scheduling mode.
  • the first device of the execution body of the method 20 of FIG. 2 is a sender in the data transmission process, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the first device generates a first indication frame, where the first indication frame is used to indicate a time when the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the first device to send data to the second device. .
  • the channel reserved frame is used to notify the first device that the channel can be used at the time specified by the channel reserved frame. Send data to the second device within the segment.
  • the channel reservation frame may also be used to indicate that all devices except the first device that receive the channel reservation frame cannot use the channel to actively initiate data transmission within a period of time specified by the channel reservation frame. 202.
  • the first device sends a first indication frame to multiple second devices.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send the channel reservation frame, so that multiple receiver devices in the data transmission process simultaneously transmit the channel reservation frame. .
  • the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the response frame of the channel reserved frame is not required to be sent by the sender device, and the problem of the hidden node is solved, and the reception of the data transmission is avoided.
  • the devices compete with each other, thereby reducing the collision probability and reducing the system overhead.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may determine that it is the receiver of the data transmission process when receiving the first indication frame, or may receive other information frames sent by the first device. to make sure.
  • the scheduling mode after acquiring the scheduling information, the second device may confirm that the corresponding time slot of the corresponding channel is a data receiver. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • APs of multiple BSSs can perform channel competition by controlling the STA to send channel reservation frames.
  • the AP of each BSS may instruct the scheduled STA to transmit a channel reservation frame on the scheduled channel according to the random backoff time generated by the AP. All STAs on the same channel in the same BSS simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames, and perform channel competition with other BSSs, and avoid the competition of STAs in the BSS and reduce the collision probability.
  • the second device uniformly uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division)
  • the physical layer data, the physical layer parameters, and the encoding mode of the channel reserved frame are all the same, so as to ensure that the first device can correctly receive the channel reserved frames sent by multiple second devices at the same time, thereby obtaining a transmission opportunity.
  • the RA (Receiver Address) field in CTS-to-self no longer indicates its own address information, but indicates a common address, such as an AP. Address, or a network address preset for multiple collaborative BSS.
  • the first device when the first device sends the first indication frame to the multiple second devices, the first device may send the first to the multiple second devices by means of broadcast or multicast. Indicates the frame.
  • the first device before the first device generates the first indication frame, the first device may acquire scheduling information. In this case, when the first device sends the first indication frame to the multiple second devices, the first indication frame may be sent to the multiple second devices according to the scheduling information.
  • the first device may be an AP, and according to the acquired scheduling information, determine a receiving device for data transmission, and then generate a first indication frame, and send the corresponding indication device to the corresponding receiving device (for example, the second device). .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the executor of the method 30 of FIG. 3 is the recipient of the data transmission process, for example, the STA 120 shown in FIG.
  • the second device receives the first indication frame from the first device, where the first indication frame is used to indicate that the second device sends the transmission moment of the channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve the first device to send to the second device.
  • the channel used for data is used to indicate that the second device sends the transmission moment of the channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve the first device to send to the second device.
  • the channel reserved frame is used to notify the first device that the channel can be used at the time specified by the channel reserved frame. Send data to the second device within the segment.
  • the channel reservation frame can also be used to indicate that all devices except the first device that receive the channel reservation frame cannot use the channel to actively initiate data transmission within a period of time specified by the channel reservation frame.
  • the second device determines a sending moment according to the first indication frame, and sends a channel reserved frame at the sending moment.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send the channel reservation frame, so that multiple receiver devices in the data transmission process simultaneously transmit the channel reservation frame. .
  • the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the response frame of the channel reserved frame is not required to be sent by the sender device, and the problem of the hidden node is solved, and the reception of the data transmission is avoided. Square devices Competition, thereby reducing the probability of collision and reducing system overhead.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may determine that it is the receiver of the data transmission process when receiving the first indication frame, or may receive other information frames sent by the first device. to make sure.
  • the scheduling mode after acquiring the scheduling information, the second device may confirm that the corresponding time slot of the corresponding channel is a data receiver. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • APs of multiple BSSs can perform channel competition by controlling the STA to send channel reservation frames.
  • the AP of each BSS may instruct the scheduled STA to transmit a channel reservation frame on the scheduled channel according to the random backoff time generated by the AP. All STAs on the same channel in the same BSS simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames, and perform channel competition with other BSSs, and avoid the competition of STAs in the BSS and reduce the collision probability.
  • the second device uniformly uses the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) method to transmit the channel reserved frame.
  • the physical layer data, the physical layer parameters, and the encoding mode of the channel reserved frame are all the same, so as to ensure that the first device can correctly receive the channel reserved frames sent by multiple second devices at the same time, thereby obtaining a transmission opportunity.
  • the structure of the CTS-to-self frame needs to be modified.
  • the RA (Receiver Address) field in CTS-to-self no longer indicates its own address information, but indicates a common address, such as the address of the AP, or a network address preset for multiple cooperative BSSs.
  • the first indication frame includes a random backoff time.
  • the second device may perform random backoff according to the random backoff time in the first indication frame. . If the channel is idle during the random backoff time, the second device determines that the time when the random backoff time expires is the transmission time.
  • the first device generates a random number as a random backoff time, and sends the random backoff time to the second device by using the first indication frame.
  • the second device performs random backoff during the random backoff time, and advances Line channel listening. If the channel is idle, the second device transmits a channel reservation frame at the time when the random backoff time expires, otherwise, the channel reservation frame is not transmitted.
  • the first indication frame includes a channel reservation frame transmission rule, and in step 302, when the second device determines the transmission time according to the first indication frame, the channel may be pre-selected according to the channel in the first indication frame. Leave the frame transmission rule to determine the sending time.
  • the channel reservation frame sending rule may be: setting an operating mode, and pre-defining a channel reservation frame sending time in the working mode; or, in the scheduling system, the AP may specify the end of each time slot, the next time The station to which the slot is scheduled simultaneously transmits channel reservation frames on the scheduled channel. If multiple STAs comply with the rules specified by the AP, multiple STAs can simultaneously transmit channel reserved frames. For example, all STAs in the scheduling system that are scheduled to be in the same time slot of the same channel can simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames on the scheduled channel.
  • the channel reserved frame when the channel reservation frame is sent at the sending moment, the channel reserved frame may be sent at the sending moment by means of broadcast.
  • a private area such as an enterprise campus
  • the AP can instruct these devices to send channel reservation frames to reserve channels for network devices not deployed by the enterprise. If the devices in the WLAN network deployed by the enterprise receive channel reservation frames sent from these channel reservation devices, the NAV settings are not modified. In this way, other network devices not deployed by the enterprise will not affect the communication in the enterprise network.
  • the cooperative station (including the AP and the STA) does not perform channel competition through a contention manner, for example, an AP and all STAs in a BSS based on scheduled transmission, or all APs in multiple BSSs that can perform joint scheduling STA. All cooperating sites do not need to remain silent and do not need to modify the NAV settings if they receive channel reservation frames sent by other cooperating sites.
  • each site holds the address of the AP in all the cooperative BSSs or the network address of the plurality of cooperative BSSs. If the receiving address field in the channel reserved frame (for example, the RA field in CTS-to-self) is one of the cooperative AP lists or a network address of multiple cooperative BSSs, it may be determined that the channel reserved frame is from Collaboration site.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first device of the execution body of the method 40 of FIG. 4 is the sender of the data transmission process, for example, the AP shown in FIG. 110 or STA 120.
  • the first device generates a second indication frame, where the second indication frame is used to instruct the second device to send a channel reservation frame, where the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the first device to send data to the second device.
  • the first device sends a second indication frame to the second device.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send a channel reservation frame, and after receiving the channel reservation frame, the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful. Get a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the sender device does not need to additionally send the response frame of the channel reserved frame, which provides an implementable manner for solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may send a channel reservation frame when receiving the second indication frame. Therefore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • step 402 when the first device sends the second indication frame to the second device, the first device may perform random backoff first.
  • the first device sends a second indication frame to the second device. This can further reduce the probability of collisions, which in turn reduces system overhead.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for reserving a channel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the executor of the method 50 of FIG. 5 is the recipient of the data transmission process, for example, the AP 110 or the STA 120 shown in FIG.
  • the second device receives a second indication frame from the first device, where the second indication frame is used to indicate that the second device sends a channel reservation frame, where the channel reservation frame is used to reserve the first device to send data to the second device. Channel.
  • the second device sends a channel reservation frame.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send a channel reservation frame, and after receiving the channel reservation frame, the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful. Get a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete The channel does not require the sender device to additionally send the response frame of the channel reserved frame, which provides an implementable method for solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may send a channel reservation frame when receiving the second indication frame. Therefore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • step 502 when the second device sends a channel reservation frame, the second device may perform random backoff first. If the channel is idle, the second device retransmits the channel reservation frame.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 60 of FIG. 6 includes a generating unit 610 and a transmitting unit 620.
  • the communication device 60 may be the generating unit 610 shown in FIG. 1 and configured to generate a first indication frame, where the first indication frame is used to indicate a time when the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reserved frame is used for reservation.
  • the sending unit 620 is configured to send the first indication frame to the multiple second devices.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send the channel reservation frame, so that multiple receiver devices in the data transmission process simultaneously transmit the channel reservation frame. .
  • the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the response frame of the channel reserved frame is not required to be sent by the sender device, and the problem of the hidden node is solved, and the reception of the data transmission is avoided.
  • the devices compete with each other, thereby reducing the collision probability and reducing the system overhead.
  • the transmission is protected according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to the application scenario, for example, a competitive working mode, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • the embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • communication device 60 is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the recipient of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may determine that it is the receiver of the data transmission process when receiving the first indication frame, or may pass Other information frames transmitted by the communication device 60 are received for determination.
  • the scheduling mode is introduced, after acquiring the scheduling information, the second device may confirm that the corresponding time slot of the corresponding channel is the data receiver. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a channel reservation frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • APs of multiple BSSs can perform channel competition by controlling the STA to send channel reservation frames.
  • the AP of each BSS may instruct the scheduled STA to transmit a channel reservation frame on the scheduled channel according to the random backoff time generated by the AP. All STAs on the same channel in the same BSS simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames, and perform channel competition with other BSSs, and avoid the competition of STAs in the BSS and reduce the collision probability.
  • the second device uniformly uses the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) method to transmit the channel reserved frame.
  • the physical layer data, the physical layer parameters, and the encoding mode of the channel reserved frame are all the same, so as to ensure that the communication device can correctly receive the channel reserved frames sent by multiple second devices at the same time, thereby obtaining a transmission opportunity.
  • the CTS-to-self frame as an example, in order to ensure that all CTS-to-self frames sent by STAs are identical, the structure of the CTS-to-self frame needs to be modified.
  • the RA (Receiver Address) field in CTS-to-self no longer indicates its own address information, but indicates a common address, such as the address of the AP, or a network address preset for multiple cooperative BSSs.
  • the sending unit 620 is specifically configured to send, by using a broadcast or a multicast, a first indication frame to multiple second devices.
  • the communication device 60 further includes an obtaining unit 630.
  • the obtaining unit 630 is configured to acquire scheduling information.
  • the sending unit 620 is specifically configured to send the first indication frame to the multiple second devices according to the scheduling information.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 70 of FIG. 7 includes a receiving unit 710, a determining unit 720, and a transmitting unit 730.
  • communication device 70 can be STA 120 as shown in FIG.
  • the receiving unit 710 is configured to receive, by the first device, a first indication frame, where the first indication frame is used to indicate that the communication device sends the transmission moment of the channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve the first device to send data to the communication device.
  • the determining unit 720 is configured to determine a sending moment according to the first indication frame.
  • the sending unit 730 is configured to send a channel reservation frame at a sending moment.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send the channel reservation frame, so that multiple receiver devices in the data transmission process simultaneously transmit the channel reservation frame. .
  • the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the response frame of the channel reserved frame is not required to be sent by the sender device, and the problem of the hidden node is solved, and the reception of the data transmission is avoided.
  • the devices compete with each other, thereby reducing the collision probability and reducing the system overhead.
  • the transmission is protected according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to the application scenario, for example, a competitive working mode, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • the embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the communication device 70 is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the communication device 70 may determine that it is the receiver of the data transmission process when receiving the first indication frame, or may receive other information frames sent by the first device. to make sure.
  • the communication device 70 may confirm that the corresponding time slot of the corresponding channel is the data receiver after acquiring the scheduling information. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a channel reservation frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • APs of multiple BSSs can perform channel competition by controlling the STA to send channel reservation frames.
  • the AP of each BSS may instruct the scheduled STA to transmit a channel reservation frame on the scheduled channel according to the random backoff time generated by the AP. All STAs on the same channel in the same BSS simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames, and perform channel competition with other BSSs, and avoid the competition of STAs in the BSS and reduce the collision probability.
  • the communication device uniformly transmits a channel reserved frame by using an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) method.
  • the physical layer data, the physical layer parameters, and the encoding mode of the channel reserved frame are all the same, so as to ensure that the first device can correctly receive the channel reserved frames simultaneously sent by multiple communication devices, thereby obtaining a transmission opportunity.
  • the CTS-to-self frame as an example, in order to ensure that the CTS-to-self frames sent by all STAs are completely consistent, the structure of the CTS-to-self frame needs to be modified.
  • the RA (Receiver Address) field in CTS-to-self no longer indicates its own address information, but indicates a common address, such as the address of the AP, or a network address preset for multiple cooperative BSSs.
  • the first indication frame includes a random backoff time
  • the communication device 70 further includes a control unit 740.
  • the control unit 740 is configured to control the communication device to perform random backoff according to the random backoff time in the first indication frame.
  • the determining unit 720 is specifically configured to determine that the time when the random backoff time expires is the sending time if the channel is idle during the random backoff time.
  • the first indication frame includes a channel reservation frame transmission rule.
  • the determining unit 720 is specifically configured to determine a sending time according to a channel reservation frame sending rule in the first indication frame.
  • the sending unit 730 is specifically configured to send a channel reservation frame at a sending moment by means of a broadcast.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 80 of FIG. 8 includes a generating unit 810 and a transmitting unit 820.
  • communication device 80 can be AP 110 or STA 120 as shown in FIG.
  • the generating unit 810 is configured to generate a second indication frame, where the second indication frame is used to instruct the second device to send a channel reservation frame, where the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the communication device 80 to send data to the second device.
  • the sending unit 820 is configured to send a second indication frame to the second device.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send a channel reservation frame, and after receiving the channel reservation frame, the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful. Get a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the sender device does not need to additionally send the response frame of the channel reserved frame, which reduces the problem of the hidden node and reduces the overhead of the system.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • communication device 80 is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the recipient of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may send a channel reservation frame when receiving the second indication frame. Therefore, the channel reservation frame can be transmitted by the receiver of the data transmission process, and the problem of the hidden node is solved.
  • the communication device 80 further includes a control unit 830.
  • the control unit 830 is configured to control the communication device to perform random backoff.
  • the sending unit 820 is specifically configured to send the second indication frame to the second device when the channel is idle. This can further reduce the collision The rate, and thus the system cost.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 90 of FIG. 9 includes a receiving unit 910 and a transmitting unit 920.
  • communication device 90 can be AP 110 or STA 120 as shown in FIG.
  • the receiving unit 910 receives a second indication frame from the first device, where the second indication frame is used to instruct the communication device to send a channel reservation frame, where the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the first device to send data to the communication device.
  • the sending unit 920 is configured to send a channel reserved frame.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send a channel reservation frame, and after receiving the channel reservation frame, the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful. Get a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the sender device does not need to additionally send the response frame of the channel reserved frame, which reduces the problem of the hidden node and reduces the overhead of the system.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the communication device 90 is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the communication device 90 can transmit a channel reservation frame upon receiving the second indication frame. Therefore, the channel reservation frame can be transmitted by the receiver of the data transmission process, and the problem of the hidden node is solved.
  • the communication device 90 further includes a control unit 930.
  • the control unit 930 is configured to control the communication device to perform random backoff.
  • the sending unit 920 is specifically configured to send a channel reserved frame if the channel is idle. This can further reduce the probability of collisions, which in turn reduces system overhead.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 100 of FIG. 10 can be used to implement the steps and methods in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • communication device 100 includes an antenna 1010, a transmitter 1020, a receiver 1030, a processor 1040, and a memory 1050.
  • the processor 1040 controls the operation of the communication device 100 and can be used to process signals.
  • Memory 1050 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 1040.
  • Transmitter 1020 and receiver 1030 can be coupled to antenna 1010.
  • the various components of communication device 100 are coupled together by a bus system 1060, where the bus System 1060 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 1060 in the figure.
  • the communication device 100 is the sender of the data transmission process, and may be, for example, the AP 110 shown in FIG.
  • the memory 1050 can store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the processor 1040 generates a first indication frame, where the first indication frame is used to indicate a time when the second device sends the channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the communication device to send data to the second device; 1020 sends a first indication frame to multiple second devices.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send the channel reservation frame, so that multiple receiver devices in the data transmission process simultaneously transmit the channel reservation frame. .
  • the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the response frame of the channel reserved frame is not required to be sent by the sender device, and the problem of the hidden node is solved, and the reception of the data transmission is avoided.
  • the devices compete with each other, thereby reducing the collision probability and reducing the system overhead.
  • the transmission is protected according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to the application scenario, for example, a competitive working mode, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • the embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the communication device is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may determine that it is the receiver of the data transmission process when receiving the first indication frame, or may receive other information frames sent by the communication device. determine.
  • the scheduling mode after acquiring the scheduling information, the second device may confirm that the corresponding time slot of the corresponding channel is a data receiver. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • APs of multiple BSSs can perform channel competition by controlling the STA to send channel reservation frames.
  • the AP of each BSS may instruct the scheduled STA to transmit a channel reservation frame on the scheduled channel according to the random backoff time generated by the AP. All STAs on the same channel in the same BSS simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames, and perform channel competition with other BSSs, and avoid the competition of STAs in the BSS and reduce the collision probability.
  • the second device uniformly uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division) Multiplexing, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) sends channel reservation frames.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division
  • the physical layer data, the physical layer parameters, and the encoding mode of the channel reserved frame are all the same, so as to ensure that the communication device can correctly receive the channel reserved frames sent by multiple second devices at the same time, thereby obtaining a transmission opportunity.
  • the CTS-to-self frame as an example, in order to ensure that the CTS-to-self frames sent by all STAs are completely consistent, the structure of the CTS-to-self frame needs to be modified.
  • the RA (Receiver Address) field in CTS-to-self no longer indicates its own address information, but indicates a common address, such as the address of the AP, or a network address preset for multiple cooperative BSSs.
  • the memory 1050 may further store an instruction to perform the following process:
  • the transmitter 1020 may transmit the first indication frame to the plurality of second devices by means of broadcast or multicast.
  • the memory 1050 may further store an instruction to perform the following process:
  • the processor 1040 acquires scheduling information; in this case, the transmitter 1020 transmits the first indication frame to the plurality of second devices according to the scheduling information.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 110 of Figure 11 can be used to implement the various steps and methods of the above method embodiments.
  • communication device 110 includes an antenna 1110, a transmitter 1120, a receiver 1130, a processor 1140, and a memory 1150.
  • the processor 1140 controls the operation of the communication device 110 and can be used to process signals.
  • Memory 1150 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 1140.
  • Transmitter 1120 and receiver 1130 can be coupled to antenna 1110.
  • the various components of communication device 110 are coupled together by a bus system 1160, which in addition to the data bus includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 1160 in the figure.
  • the communication device 110 is a receiver in the data transmission process, and may be, for example, the STA 120 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the memory 1150 can store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the receiver 1130 receives a first indication frame from the first device, where the first indication frame is used to indicate that the communication device 110 sends the transmission moment of the channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve the first device to send data to the communication device 110.
  • the used channel; the processor 1140 determines the transmission time according to the first indication frame, and the transmitter 1120 transmits the channel reservation frame at the transmission time.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the connection The time at which the receiving device sends the channel reserved frame, so that multiple receiver devices in the data transmission process simultaneously transmit the channel reserved frame.
  • the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful and obtains a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the response frame of the channel reserved frame is not required to be sent by the sender device, and the problem of the hidden node is solved, and the reception of the data transmission is avoided.
  • the devices compete with each other, thereby reducing the collision probability and reducing the system overhead.
  • the transmission is protected according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is not limited to the application scenario, for example, a competitive working mode, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • the embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the communication device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the communication device may determine that it is the receiver of the data transmission process when receiving the first indication frame, or may receive other information frames sent by the first device. determine.
  • the communication device may confirm that the corresponding time slot of the corresponding channel is a data receiver after acquiring the scheduling information. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • APs of multiple BSSs can perform channel competition by controlling the STA to send channel reservation frames.
  • the AP of each BSS may instruct the scheduled STA to transmit a channel reservation frame on the scheduled channel according to the random backoff time generated by the AP. All STAs on the same channel in the same BSS simultaneously transmit channel reservation frames, and perform channel competition with other BSSs, and avoid the competition of STAs in the BSS and reduce the collision probability.
  • the communication device uniformly transmits a channel reserved frame by using an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) method.
  • the physical layer data, the physical layer parameters, and the encoding mode of the channel reserved frame are all the same, so as to ensure that the first device can correctly receive the channel reserved frames simultaneously sent by multiple communication devices, thereby obtaining a transmission opportunity.
  • the structure of the CTS-to-self frame needs to be modified.
  • the RA (Receiver Address) field in CTS-to-self no longer indicates its own address information, but indicates a common address, such as the address of the AP, or a network address preset for multiple cooperative BSSs.
  • the memory 1150 may further store a finger that performs the following process. Order:
  • the first indication frame includes a random backoff time.
  • the processor 1140 may first control the communication device 110 to perform random backoff according to the random backoff time in the first indication frame; The channel is idle during the backoff time, and then the time when the random backoff time expires is determined as the transmission time.
  • the memory 1150 may further store an instruction to perform the following process:
  • the first indication frame includes a channel reservation frame transmission rule.
  • the processor 1140 determines the transmission time according to the first indication frame
  • the processor may determine the transmission time according to the channel reservation frame transmission rule in the first indication frame.
  • the memory 1150 may further store an instruction to perform the following process:
  • the transmitter 1120 transmits the channel reservation frame at the time of transmission by broadcasting.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 120 of Figure 12 can be used to implement the various steps and methods of the above method embodiments.
  • communication device 120 includes an antenna 1210, a transmitter 1220, a receiver 1230, a processor 1240, and a memory 1250.
  • Processor 1240 controls the operation of communication device 120 and can be used to process signals.
  • Memory 1250 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 1240.
  • Transmitter 1220 and receiver 1230 can be coupled to antenna 1210.
  • the various components of communication device 120 are coupled together by a bus system 1260 that includes, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 1260 in the figure.
  • Communication device 120 is the sender of the data transmission process, for example, AP 110 or STA 120 as described in FIG.
  • the memory 1250 can store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the processor 1240 generates a second indication frame, where the second indication frame is used to indicate that the second device sends a channel reservation frame, and the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the communication device to send data to the second device;
  • the second device sends a second indication frame.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send a channel reservation frame, and the sender device receives the channel reservation frame as the second letter.
  • the channel is reserved successfully and gets a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the sender device does not need to additionally send the response frame of the channel reserved frame, which provides an implementable manner for solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the communication device is the sender of the data transmission process and the second device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the second device may send a channel reservation frame when receiving the second indication frame. Therefore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • the memory 1250 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the processor 1240 may first control the communication device to perform random backoff; when the channel is idle, the transmitter 1220 sends the second indication frame to the second device.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication device 130 of Figure 13 can be used to implement the various steps and methods of the above method embodiments.
  • communication device 130 includes an antenna 1310, a transmitter 1320, a receiver 1330, a processor 1340, and a memory 1350.
  • the processor 1340 controls the operation of the communication device 130 and can be used to process signals.
  • Memory 1350 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 1340.
  • Transmitter 1320 and receiver 1330 can be coupled to antenna 1310.
  • the various components of communication device 130 are coupled together by a bus system 1360, which in addition to the data bus includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 1360 in the figure.
  • the communication device 130 is the recipient of the data transmission process, and may be, for example, the AP 110 or the STA 120 shown in FIG.
  • the memory 1350 can store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the receiver 1330 receives a second indication frame from the first device, where the second indication frame is used to instruct the communication device to send a channel reservation frame, where the channel reservation frame is used to reserve a channel used by the first device to send data to the communication device;
  • the machine 1320 transmits a channel reservation frame.
  • the sender device of the data transmission process instructs the receiver device to send a channel reservation frame, and after receiving the channel reservation frame, the sender device considers that the channel reservation is successful. Get a transmission opportunity.
  • the channel reservation frame is sent by the receiver device to compete for the channel, and the sender device does not need to additionally send the response frame of the channel reserved frame, which provides an implementable manner for solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • the method for reserving a channel protects the transmission from being limited to an application scenario, for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • an application scenario for example, a working mode of competition, a scheduling mode, or a mode combining competition and scheduling.
  • embodiments of the present invention have a broader range of applications.
  • the first device is the sender of the data transmission process and the communication device is the receiver of the data transmission process.
  • the communication device may transmit a channel reservation frame upon receiving the second indication frame. Therefore, it is possible to transmit a channel reserved frame by the receiver of the data transmission process, thereby solving the problem of the hidden node.
  • the memory 1350 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the processor 1340 may first perform random backoff by the communication device; if the channel is idle, the transmitter 1320 retransmits the channel reservation frame.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division, and the actual implementation may have another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be Ignore, or not execute.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention contributes in essence or to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种预留信道的方法及通信设备。该方法包括：第一设备生成第一指示帧，第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道；第一设备向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方设备同时发送信道预留帧，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竞争，进而减少了碰撞概率，降低了系统开销。

Description

预留信道的方法及通信设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域， 并且更具体地， 涉及一种预留信道的方法及通信 设备。 背景技术
WLAN ( Wireless Local Area Network, 无线局域网 ) 系统工作在非授权 频谱上， 因而信道上可能存在其他用户共享频谱。 如果多个用户同时发送数 据， 可能相互干扰， 造成沖突。 WLAN系统采用 CSMA/CA ( Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance , 载波侦听多路访问 /沖突避免）模式 进行沖突避免。载波侦听 CS是指任何连接到信道的设备在准备发送数据前， 先对信道进行侦听。 当确认该信道空闲时， 才可以发送数据。 多路访问 MA 是指多个设备可以同时访问信道， 一个设备发送的数据帧可以被多个设备接 收。 CSMA/CA机制采用主动避免碰撞而非被动侦测的方式来解决沖突问题， 可以满足那些不易准确侦测是否有沖突发生的需求。 CSMA的工作方式是， 在设备准备发送数据帧， 且侦听到信道空闲时， 再等待一段随机的时间依然 空闲时， 才发送数据帧。 但是， 在 WLAN网络中存在一种隐藏节点问题， 当接入点 API给 STA ( Station, 站点）发送数据时， 一个听不到接入点 API 的站点或接入点可能认为信道空闲并发送数据从而干扰到接收设备 STA。这 种隐藏节点的问题 CSMA/CA协议无法解决。
目前， 针对隐藏节点的问题， WLAN 系统采用 RTS/CTS ( Request to Send/Clear to Send )协议来进行传输保护， 站点或者接入点在发送数据前先 对信道进行预留。 RTS/CTS协议规定：接入点 API在发送数据前先发送 RTS 帧， STA收到 RTS帧后， 回应一个 CTS帧。 所有收到 RTS或 CTS帧的其它 AP ( Access Point, 接入点）或 STA根据收到 RTS或 CTS的指示设置 NAV ( Network Allocation Vector, 网络分配矢量）。 在 NAV对应的时间内， 这些 AP或 STA不能在对应信道上发送数据。 API发送 RTS并收到 STA回应的 CTS后， 获得一个发送机会， 在这段时间内 API给 STA发送数据不会受到 周围 AP或 STA的干扰。
但是， 当 WLAN系统中 AP和 STA密集部署时， RTS帧的碰撞概率会 大大增加， 碰撞后竟争窗口长度加倍。 在系统开销较大的同时， 还会导致系 统效率降低。 发明内容
本发明提供了一种预留信道的方法及通信设备， 能够减少碰撞概率， 进 而降低了系统开销。
第一方面， 本发明提供了一种预留信道的方法， 包括： 第一设备生成第 一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧的时刻， 信道预留 帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 第一设备向多个第 二设备发送第一指示帧。
结合第一方面， 在第一方面的第一种实现方式中， 第一设备向多个第二 设备发送第一指示帧， 包括： 第一设备通过广播或多播的方式向多个第二设 备发送第一指示帧。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式， 在第一方面的第二种实现方式中， 在 第一设备生成第一指示帧之前， 该方法还包括： 第一设备获取调度信息； 第 一设备向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧， 包括： 第一设备根据调度信息， 向 多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
第二方面， 本发明提供了一种预留信道的方法， 包括： 第二设备从第一 设备接收第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧的发送 时刻， 信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 第 二设备根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻， 并在发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
结合第二方面， 在第二方面的第一种实现方式中， 第一指示帧包括随机 退避时间， 第二设备根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻， 包括： 第二设备根据第 一指示帧中的随机退避时间进行随机退避； 若在随机退避时间内信道空闲， 第二设备确定随机退避时间到期的时刻为发送时刻。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式， 在第二方面的第二种实现方式中， 第 一指示帧包括信道预留帧发送规则， 第二设备根据第一指示帧确定发送时 刻， 包括： 第二设备根据第一指示帧中的信道预留帧发送规则， 确定发送时 刻。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式， 在第二方面的第三种实现方式中， 在 发送时刻发送信道预留帧， 包括： 通过广播的方式在发送时刻发送信道预留 帧。
第三方面， 本发明提供了一种预留信道的方法， 包括： 第一设备生成第 二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧， 信道预留帧用于 预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 第一设备向第二设备发送 第二指示帧。
结合第三方面， 在第三方面的第一种实现方式中， 第一设备向第二设备 发送第二指示帧， 包括： 第一设备进行随机退避； 在信道空闲时， 第一设备 向第二设备发送第二指示帧。
第四方面， 本发明提供了一种预留信道的方法， 包括： 第二设备从第一 设备接收第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧， 信道 预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 第二设备发送 信道预留帧。
结合第四方面， 在第四方面的第一种实现方式中， 第二设备发送信道预 留帧， 包括： 第二设备进行随机退避； 若信道空闲， 第二设备发送信道预留 帧。
第五方面， 本发明提供了一种通信设备， 包括： 生成单元， 用于生成第 一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧的时刻， 信道预留 帧用于预留通信设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 发送单元， 用于向 多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
结合第五方面， 在第五方面的第一种实现方式中， 发送单元， 具体用于 通过广播或多播的方式向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
结合第五方面及其上述实现方式， 在第五方面的第二种实现方式中， 该 通信设备还包括： 获取单元， 用于获取调度信息； 发送单元， 具体用于根据 调度信息， 向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
第六方面， 本发明提供了一种通信设备， 包括： 接收单元， 用于从第一 设备接收第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示通信设备发送信道预留帧的发送 时刻， 信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向通信设备发送数据时使用的信道； 确 定单元， 用于根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻； 发送单元， 用于在发送时刻发 送信道预留帧。
结合第六方面， 在第六方面的第一种实现方式中， 第一指示帧包括随机 退避时间， 该通信设备还包括： 控制单元， 用于根据第一指示帧中的随机退 避时间控制通信设备进行随机退避； 确定单元， 具体用于若在随机退避时间 内信道空闲， 确定随机退避时间到期的时刻为发送时刻。
结合第六方面及其上述实现方式， 在第六方面的第二种实现方式中， 第 一指示帧包括信道预留帧发送规则， 确定单元， 具体用于根据第一指示帧中 的信道预留帧发送规则， 确定发送时刻。
结合第六方面及其上述实现方式， 在第六方面的第三种实现方式中，， 发送单元， 具体用于通过广播的方式在发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
第七方面， 本发明提供了一种通信设备， 包括： 生成单元， 用于生成第 二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道预留帧， 信道预留帧用于 预留通信设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 发送单元， 用于向第二设 备发送第二指示帧。
结合第七方面， 在第七方面的第一种实现方式中， 该通信设备还包括： 控制单元， 用于控制通信设备进行随机退避； 发送单元， 具体用于在信道空 闲时， 向第二设备发送第二指示帧。
第八方面， 本发明提供了一种通信设备， 包括： 接收单元， 从第一设备 接收第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示通信设备发送信道预留帧， 信道预留 帧用于预留第一设备向通信设备发送数据时使用的信道； 发送单元， 用于发 送信道预留帧。
结合第八方面， 在第八方面的第一种实现方式中， 该通信设备还包括： 控制单元， 用于控制通信设备进行随机退避； 发送单元， 具体用于若信道空 闲， 发送信道预留帧。
基于上述技术方案， 本发明的预留信道的方法中， 数据传输过程的发送 方设备指示接收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中 的多个接收方设备同时发送信道预留帧，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方 设备之间相互竟争， 进而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案， 下面将对本发明实施例中 所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本 发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的 前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 图 1是本发明实施例可应用的通信系统的示意性结构图。
图 2是本发明一个实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。
图 3是本发明另一实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。
图 4是本发明另一实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。
图 5是本发明另一实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。
图 6是本发明一个实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 7是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 8是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 9是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 10是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 11是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 12是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 13是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例， 而不 是全部实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创 造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都应属于本发明保护的范围。
应理解，本发明实施例的技术方案可以应用于使用非授权频谱资源的通 信系统中， 例如 WALN系统。
还应理解， 在本发明实施例中， 接入点为提供接入服务的网络设备， 例 如， WALN系统中的 AP。 站点为通过无线网络接入到接入点中进行通信的 另一端设备， 例如， 用户设备（User Equipment, 筒称为 "UE" )可称之为 终端（ Terminal )、移动台（ Mobile Station, 筒称为 "MS" )、移动终端（ Mobile Terminal )等， 本发明并不限定。 但为描述方便， 下述实施例以接入点 AP 和站点 STA为例进行说明。
图 1是本发明实施例可应用的通信系统的示意性结构图。 图 1的通信系 统以覆盖范围为 101a的第一 AP llOa和覆盖范围为 101b的第二 AP 110b为 例进行描述。 但本发明实施例对 AP 110的数量不作限定。
第一 STA 120a接入到第一 AP 110a,第二 STA 120b接入到第二 AP 110b, 第三 STA 120c接入到第一 AP 110a,且第一 STA 120a和第二 STA 120b位于 101a与 101b重叠的覆盖范围 102内。
如果采用 RTS/CTS协议进行传输保护， AP 110a准备向第一 STA 120a 和第三 STA 120c发送数据时， 可以先发送一个 RTS帧， 第一 STA 120a和第 三 STA 120c收到 RTS帧后，回应一个 CTS帧。第二 AP 110b和第二 STA 120b 收到 RTS或 CTS后， 设置 NAV, 在 NAV对应的时间内， 不在对应信道上 发送数据。第一 AP 110a收到 CTS帧后，获得一个发送机会，向第一 STA 120a 和第三 STA 120c发送数据， 这时第一 STA 120a和第三 STA 120c不会受到 周围 AP或 STA的干扰。 这样， 采用 RTS/CTS协议进行传输保护会带来较 大的额外开销。 或者， 第一 AP 110a发送 CTS-to-self ( Clear to send to self, 到自站点的允许发送）帧，不需要第一 STA 120a和第三 STA 120c做出响应， 就直接发送数据。 这样， 降低了额外开销， 但是不能解决隐藏节点的问题。
另夕卜， 当 WLAN系统中 AP和 STA密集部署时， RTS帧的碰撞概率会 大大增加， 碰撞后竟争窗口长度加倍。 在系统开销较大的同时， 还会导致系 统效率降低。
本发明实施例提供了一种预留信道的方法， 能够解决隐藏节点问题的同 时， 减小了系统额外开销， 并且可应用于基于竟争或者引入调度模式的多种 应用场景下。
图 2是本发明一个实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。 图 2的方 法 20的执行主体第一设备为数据传输过程中的发送方， 例如， 图 1所示的
201 , 第一设备生成第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信 道预留帧的时刻，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用 的信道。
例如，如果第二设备发送信道留帧来预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据 时使用的信道，该信道预留帧用于通知第一设备可以使用该信道在信道预留 帧规定的时间段内发送数据给第二设备。
另外， 除第一设备之外， 还有一些设备能够监听到第二设备发送的信道 预留帧。 因此， 信道预留帧还可以用于指示除第一设备之外所有接收到该信 道预留帧的设备在信道预留帧规定的时间段内不能使用该信道主动发起数 据传输。 202, 第一设备向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方 设备同时发送信道预留帧。这种情况下，发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信道预留成功，获得一次传输机会。由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了 隐藏节点的问题的同时，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竟 争， 从而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 在非调度模式的应用场景下， 例如竟争模式下， 第二设备可以在 接收到第一指示帧时， 确定自身为数据传输过程的接收方， 也可以通过接收 第一设备发送的其它信息帧来确定。 或者， 在引入调度模式的应用场景下， 第二设备可以在获取调度信息后，确认自己在相应信道的相应时隙为数据接 收方。 进而能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏 节点的问题。
例如， 多个基于调度模式的 BSS ( Basic Service Set, 基本服务集）共存 时， 多个 BSS的 AP可以通过控制 STA发送信道预留帧的方法进行信道竟 争。每个 BSS的 AP可以指示被调度的 STA在被调度的信道上按照 AP产生 的随机退避时间发送信道预留帧。 同一个 BSS 内同一个信道上的所有 STA 同时发送信道预留帧， 和其他 BSS进行信道竟争， 同时避免了本 BSS内部 STA的竟争， 降低了碰撞概率。
又如， 第二设备统一使用 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing, 正交频分复用）方式发送信道预留帧。 信道预留帧的物理层数 据、 物理层参数和编码方式等都完全相同， 以保证第一设备能够正确接收多 个第二设备同时发送的信道预留帧， 进而获得一次传输机会。 以 CTS-to-self 帧为例， 为了保证所有 STA 发送的 CTS-to-self 帧完全一致， 需要对 CTS-to-self帧的结构进行修改。 CTS-to-self 中的 RA ( Receiver Address, 接 收地址）域不再指示自己的地址信息， 而是指示一个共同的地址， 例如 AP 的地址， 或为多个协作 BSS预设的网络地址。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 在步骤 202中， 第一设备向多个第二设备发 送第一指示帧时， 第一设备可以通过广播或多播的方式向多个第二设备发送 第一指示帧。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 在第一设备生成第一指示帧之前， 第一设备 可以获取调度信息。 在这种情况下， 第一设备向多个第二设备发送第一指示 帧时， 可以根据调度信息， 向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
例如， 在引入调度模式的 WLAN中， 第一设备可以是 AP, 根据获取的 调度信息， 确定数据传输的接收设备， 然后生成第一指示帧， 发送给对应的 接收设备（例如， 第二设备）。
图 3是本发明另一实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。 图 3的方 法 30的执行主体第二设备为数据传输过程中的接收方， 例如， 图 1所示的 STA 120。
301 , 第二设备从第一设备接收第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二 设备发送信道预留帧的发送时刻，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备 发送数据时使用的信道。
例如，如果第二设备发送信道留帧来预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据 时使用的信道，该信道预留帧用于通知第一设备可以使用该信道在信道预留 帧规定的时间段内发送数据给第二设备。
另外， 除第一设备之外， 还有一些设备能够监听到第二设备发送的信道 预留帧。 因此， 信道预留帧还可以用于指示除第一设备之外所有接收到该信 道预留帧的设备在信道预留帧规定的时间段内不能使用该信道主动发起数 据传输。
302, 第二设备根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻， 并在发送时刻发送信道 预留帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方 设备同时发送信道预留帧。这种情况下，发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信道预留成功，获得一次传输机会。由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了 隐藏节点的问题的同时，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竟 争， 从而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 在非调度模式的应用场景下， 例如竟争模式下， 第二设备可以在 接收到第一指示帧时， 确定自身为数据传输过程的接收方， 也可以通过接收 第一设备发送的其它信息帧来确定。 或者， 在引入调度模式的应用场景下， 第二设备可以在获取调度信息后，确认自己在相应信道的相应时隙为数据接 收方。 进而能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏 节点的问题。
例如， 多个基于调度模式的 BSS ( Basic Service Set, 基本服务集）共存 时， 多个 BSS的 AP可以通过控制 STA发送信道预留帧的方法进行信道竟 争。每个 BSS的 AP可以指示被调度的 STA在被调度的信道上按照 AP产生 的随机退避时间发送信道预留帧。 同一个 BSS 内同一个信道上的所有 STA 同时发送信道预留帧， 和其他 BSS进行信道竟争， 同时避免了本 BSS内部 STA的竟争， 降低了碰撞概率。
又如, 第二设备统一使用 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 正交频分复用）方式发送信道预留帧。 信道预留帧的物理层数 据、 物理层参数和编码方式等都完全相同， 以保证第一设备能够正确接收多 个第二设备同时发送的信道预留帧， 进而获得一次传输机会。 以 CTS-to-self 帧为例， 为了保证所有 STA 发送的 CTS-to-self 帧完全一致， 需要对 CTS-to-self帧的结构进行修改。 CTS-to-self 中的 RA ( Receiver Address, 接 收地址）域不再指示自己的地址信息， 而是指示一个共同的地址， 例如 AP 的地址， 或为多个协作 BSS预设的网络地址。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 第一指示帧包括随机退避时间， 在步骤 302 中， 第二设备根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻时， 可以根据第一指示帧中的随 机退避时间进行随机退避。 若在随机退避时间内信道空闲， 第二设备确定随 机退避时间到期的时刻为发送时刻。
例如， 第一设备生成随机数作为随机退避时间， 通过第一指示帧将随机 退避时间发送给第二设备。 第二设备在随机退避时间内进行随机退避， 并进 行信道侦听。 如果信道空闲， 第二设备就在随机退避时间到期的时刻发送信 道预留帧， 否则， 不发送信道预留帧。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 第一指示帧包括信道预留帧发送规则， 在步 骤 302中， 第二设备根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻时， 可以根据第一指示帧 中的信道预留帧发送规则， 确定发送时刻。
例如， 信道预留帧发送规则可以为： 设置一种工作模式， 并预先定义这 种工作模式下的信道预留帧发送时刻； 或者， 调度系统中 AP可以规定每个 时隙结束时， 下一时隙被调度到的站点同时在被调度的信道上发送信道预留 帧。 如果多个 STA符合 AP指定的规则， 则多个 STA可以同时发送信道预 留帧。 例如调度系统中所有被调度到同一信道同一时隙内的 STA可以同时 在被调度的信道上发送信道预留帧。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 在发送时刻发送信道预留帧时， 可以通过广 播的方式在发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
可选地， 在一些应用场景下， 例如企业园区等专有区域， 可能需要保障 本企业部署的网络的性能， 为此目的对其它非本企业部署的网络设备进行屏 蔽。 这种情况下， 可以在本企业园区内部署一些专门的信道预留设备， AP 可以指示这些设备发送信道预留帧， 为非本企业部署的网络设备预留信道。 如果本企业部署的 WLAN网络内的设备收到来自这些信道预留设备发送的 信道预留帧， 不修改 NAV的设置。 这样， 其它非本企业部署的网络设备不 会对本企业网络中的通信造成影响。
可选地， 协作站点 （包括 AP和 STA ) 不通过竟争方式进行信道竟争， 例如， 基于调度传输的 BSS中的 AP和所有 STA, 或者可以进行联合调度的 多个 BSS中的所有 AP和 STA。所有协作站点如果收到其它协作站点发送的 信道预留帧， 不需要保持静默， 也不需要修改 NAV设置。
具体地， 可以通过以下方法判断信道预留帧是否来自协作站点： 每个站 点保存所有协作 BSS中的 AP的地址或多个协作 BSS的网络地址。 如果信 道预留帧中的接收地址域（例如， CTS-to-self 中的 RA域）是协作 AP列表 中的一个，或者是多个协作 BSS的网络地址，则可以判断该信道预留帧来自 协作站点。
图 4是本发明另一实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。 图 4的方 法 40的执行主体第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 例如， 图 1所示的 AP 110或 STA 120。
401 , 第一设备生成第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信 道预留帧， 信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信 道。
402, 第一设备向第二设备发送第二指示帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧， 发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信 道预留成功， 获得一次传输机会。 由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信 道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 为解决隐藏节点的 问题提供了一种可实施的方式。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 第二设备可以在接收到第二指示帧时， 发送信道预留帧。 因此， 能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点的问 题。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 在步骤 402中， 第一设备向第二设备发送第 二指示帧时， 第一设备可以先进行随机退避。 在信道空闲时， 第一设备再向 第二设备发送第二指示帧。 这样可以进一步降低碰撞概率， 进而降低了系统 开销。
图 5是本发明另一实施例的预留信道的方法的示意性流程图。 图 5的方 法 50的执行主体第二设备为数据传输过程的接收方， 例如， 图 1所示的 AP 110或 STA 120。
501 , 第二设备从第一设备接收第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二 设备发送信道预留帧，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向第二设备发送数据时 使用的信道。
502, 第二设备发送信道预留帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧， 发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信 道预留成功， 获得一次传输机会。 由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信 道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 为解决隐藏节点的 问题提供了一种可实施的方式。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 第二设备可以在接收到第二指示帧时， 发送信道预留帧。 因此， 能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点的问 题。
可选地，作为一个实施例，在步骤 502中，第二设备发送信道预留帧时， 第二设备可以先进行随机退避。 若信道空闲， 第二设备再发送信道预留帧。
图 6是本发明一个实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。图 6的通信设备 60 包括生成单元 610和发送单元 620。 例如， 通信设备 60可以为图 1所示的 生成单元 610, 用于生成第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发 送信道预留帧的时刻， 信道预留帧用于预留通信设备 60向第二设备发送数 据时使用的信道。
发送单元 620, 用于向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方 设备同时发送信道预留帧。这种情况下，发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信道预留成功，获得一次传输机会。由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了 隐藏节点的问题的同时，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竟 争， 从而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。
另外，根据本发明实施例对传输进行保护时，不受限于应用场景，例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式等。 因而， 本发明实 施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 通信设备 60为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输 过程的接收方。 在非调度模式的应用场景下， 例如竟争模式下， 第二设备可 以在接收到第一指示帧时， 确定自身为数据传输过程的接收方， 也可以通过 接收通信设备 60发送的其它信息帧来确定。 或者， 在引入调度模式的应用 场景下， 第二设备可以在获取调度信息后， 确认自己在相应信道的相应时隙 为数据接收方。 进而能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解 决了隐藏节点的问题。
例如， 多个基于调度模式的 BSS ( Basic Service Set, 基本服务集）共存 时， 多个 BSS的 AP可以通过控制 STA发送信道预留帧的方法进行信道竟 争。每个 BSS的 AP可以指示被调度的 STA在被调度的信道上按照 AP产生 的随机退避时间发送信道预留帧。 同一个 BSS 内同一个信道上的所有 STA 同时发送信道预留帧， 和其他 BSS进行信道竟争， 同时避免了本 BSS内部 STA的竟争， 降低了碰撞概率。
又如, 第二设备统一使用 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 正交频分复用）方式发送信道预留帧。 信道预留帧的物理层数 据、 物理层参数和编码方式等都完全相同， 以保证通信设备能够正确接收多 个第二设备同时发送的信道预留帧， 进而获得一次传输机会。 以 CTS-to-self 帧为例， 为了保证所有 STA 发送的 CTS-to-self 帧完全一致， 需要对 CTS-to-self帧的结构进行修改。 CTS-to-self 中的 RA ( Receiver Address, 接 收地址）域不再指示自己的地址信息， 而是指示一个共同的地址， 例如 AP 的地址， 或为多个协作 BSS预设的网络地址。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 发送单元 620, 具体用于通过广播或多播的 方式向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 通信设备 60还包括获取单元 630。 获取单元 630用于获取调度信息。 这种情况下， 发送单元 620, 具体用于根据调度信 息， 向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
图 7是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。图 7的通信设备 70 包括接收单元 710、 确定单元 720和发送单元 730。 例如， 通信设备 70可以 为图 1所示的 STA 120。
接收单元 710, 用于从第一设备接收第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示 通信设备发送信道预留帧的发送时刻，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向通信 设备发送数据时使用的信道。
确定单元 720, 用于根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻。
发送单元 730, 用于在发送时刻发送信道预留帧。 本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方 设备同时发送信道预留帧。这种情况下，发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信道预留成功，获得一次传输机会。由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了 隐藏节点的问题的同时，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竟 争， 从而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。
另外，根据本发明实施例对传输进行保护时， 不受限于应用场景，例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式等。 因而， 本发明实 施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 通信设备 70为数据传输 过程的接收方。 在非调度模式的应用场景下， 例如竟争模式下， 通信设备 70 可以在接收到第一指示帧时， 确定自身为数据传输过程的接收方， 也可以通 过接收第一设备发送的其它信息帧来确定。 或者， 在引入调度模式的应用场 景下， 通信设备 70可以在获取调度信息后， 确认自己在相应信道的相应时 隙为数据接收方。 进而能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点的问题。
例如， 多个基于调度模式的 BSS ( Basic Service Set, 基本服务集）共存 时， 多个 BSS的 AP可以通过控制 STA发送信道预留帧的方法进行信道竟 争。每个 BSS的 AP可以指示被调度的 STA在被调度的信道上按照 AP产生 的随机退避时间发送信道预留帧。 同一个 BSS 内同一个信道上的所有 STA 同时发送信道预留帧， 和其他 BSS进行信道竟争， 同时避免了本 BSS内部 STA的竟争， 降低了碰撞概率。
又如, 通信设备统一使用 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 正交频分复用）方式发送信道预留帧。 信道预留帧的物理层数 据、 物理层参数和编码方式等都完全相同， 以保证第一设备能够正确接收多 个通信设备同时发送的信道预留帧， 进而获得一次传输机会。 以 CTS-to-self 帧为例， 为了保证所有 STA 发送的 CTS-to-self 帧完全一致， 需要对 CTS-to-self帧的结构进行修改。 CTS-to-self 中的 RA ( Receiver Address, 接 收地址）域不再指示自己的地址信息， 而是指示一个共同的地址， 例如 AP 的地址， 或为多个协作 BSS预设的网络地址。 可选地， 作为一个实施例， 第一指示帧包括随机退避时间， 通信设备 70 还包括控制单元 740。 控制单元 740用于根据第一指示帧中的随机退避时间 控制通信设备进行随机退避。 这种情况下， 确定单元 720, 具体用于若在随 机退避时间内信道空闲， 确定随机退避时间到期的时刻为发送时刻。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 第一指示帧包括信道预留帧发送规则。 这种 情况下，确定单元 720,具体用于根据第一指示帧中的信道预留帧发送规则， 确定发送时刻。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 发送单元 730, 具体用于通过广播的方式在 发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
图 8是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。图 8的通信设备 80 包括生成单元 810和发送单元 820。 例如， 通信设备 80可以为图 1所示的 AP 110或 STA 120。
生成单元 810, 用于生成第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发 送信道预留帧， 信道预留帧用于预留通信设备 80向第二设备发送数据时使 用的信道。
发送单元 820, 用于向第二设备发送第二指示帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧， 发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信 道预留成功， 获得一次传输机会。 由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信 道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了隐藏节点 的问题的同时， 降低了系统的额外开销。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 通信设备 80为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输 过程的接收方。 第二设备可以在接收到第二指示帧时， 发送信道预留帧。 因 此， 能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点的 问题。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 通信设备 80还包括控制单元 830。 控制单元 830用于控制通信设备进行随机退避。 这种情况下， 发送单元 820, 具体用 于在信道空闲时， 向第二设备发送第二指示帧。 这样可以进一步降低碰撞概 率， 进而降^^了系统开销。
图 9是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。图 9的通信设备 90 包括接收单元 910和发送单元 920。 例如， 通信设备 90可以为图 1所示的 AP 110或 STA 120。
接收单元 910, 从第一设备接收第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示通信 设备发送信道预留帧，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向通信设备发送数据时 使用的信道。
发送单元 920, 用于发送信道预留帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧， 发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信 道预留成功， 获得一次传输机会。 由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信 道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了隐藏节点 的问题的同时， 降低了系统的额外开销。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 通信设备 90为数据传输 过程的接收方。 通信设备 90可以在接收到第二指示帧时， 发送信道预留帧。 因此， 能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点 的问题。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 通信设备 90还包括控制单元 930。 控制单元 930, 用于控制通信设备进行随机退避。 这种情况下， 发送单元 920, 具体用 于若信道空闲， 发送信道预留帧。 这样可以进一步降低碰撞概率， 进而降低 了系统开销。
图 10是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 10的通信设备 100可用于实现上述方法实施例中各步骤及方法。 图 10的实施例中， 通信设备 100包括天线 1010、 发射机 1020、 接收机 1030、 处理器 1040和存储器 1050。处理器 1040控制通信设备 100的操作， 并可用 于处理信号。 存储器 1050可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器， 并向处 理器 1040提供指令和数据。 发射机 1020和接收机 1030可以耦合到天线 1010。 通信设备 100的各个组件通过总线系统 1060耦合在一起， 其中总线 系统 1060除包括数据总线之外， 还包括电源总线、 控制总线和状态信号总 线。 但是为了清楚说明起见， 在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统 1060。 通信 设备 100为数据传输过程的发送方， 例如， 可以为图 1所示的 AP 110。
具体地， 存储器 1050可存储执行以下过程的指令：
处理器 1040生成第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道 预留帧的时刻，信道预留帧用于预留通信设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的 信道； 发射机 1020向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方 设备同时发送信道预留帧。这种情况下，发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信道预留成功，获得一次传输机会。由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了 隐藏节点的问题的同时，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竟 争， 从而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。
另外，根据本发明实施例对传输进行保护时，不受限于应用场景，例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式等。 因而， 本发明实 施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 通信设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 在非调度模式的应用场景下， 例如竟争模式下， 第二设备可以在 接收到第一指示帧时， 确定自身为数据传输过程的接收方， 也可以通过接收 通信设备发送的其它信息帧来确定。 或者， 在引入调度模式的应用场景下， 第二设备可以在获取调度信息后，确认自己在相应信道的相应时隙为数据接 收方。 进而能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏 节点的问题。
例如， 多个基于调度模式的 BSS ( Basic Service Set, 基本服务集）共存 时， 多个 BSS的 AP可以通过控制 STA发送信道预留帧的方法进行信道竟 争。每个 BSS的 AP可以指示被调度的 STA在被调度的信道上按照 AP产生 的随机退避时间发送信道预留帧。 同一个 BSS 内同一个信道上的所有 STA 同时发送信道预留帧， 和其他 BSS进行信道竟争， 同时避免了本 BSS内部 STA的竟争， 降低了碰撞概率。
又如, 第二设备统一使用 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 正交频分复用）方式发送信道预留帧。 信道预留帧的物理层数 据、 物理层参数和编码方式等都完全相同， 以保证通信设备能够正确接收多 个第二设备同时发送的信道预留帧， 进而获得一次传输机会。 以 CTS-to-self 帧为例， 为了保证所有 STA 发送的 CTS-to-self 帧完全一致， 需要对 CTS-to-self帧的结构进行修改。 CTS-to-self 中的 RA ( Receiver Address, 接 收地址）域不再指示自己的地址信息， 而是指示一个共同的地址， 例如 AP 的地址， 或为多个协作 BSS预设的网络地址。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 存储器 1050还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
在向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧时， 发射机 1020可以通过广播或多 播的方式向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 存储器 1050还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
在生成第一指示帧之前， 处理器 1040获取调度信息； 这种情况下， 发 射机 1020根据调度信息， 向多个第二设备发送第一指示帧。
图 11是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 11的通信设备 110可用于实现上述方法实施例中各步骤及方法。 图 11的实施例中， 通信设备 110包括天线 1110、 发射机 1120、 接收机 1130、 处理器 1140和存储器 1150。 处理器 1140控制通信设备 110的操作， 并可用 于处理信号。 存储器 1150可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器， 并向处 理器 1140提供指令和数据。发射机 1120和接收机 1130可以耦合到天线 1110。 通信设备 110的各个组件通过总线系统 1160耦合在一起，其中总线系统 1160 除包括数据总线之外， 还包括电源总线、 控制总线和状态信号总线。 但是为 了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统 1160。通信设备 110为 数据传输过程中的接收方， 例如， 可以为图 1所示的 STA 120。
具体地， 存储器 1150可存储执行以下过程的指令：
接收机 1130从第一设备接收第一指示帧， 第一指示帧用于指示通信设 备 110发送信道预留帧的发送时刻， 信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向通信设 备 110发送数据时使用的信道； 处理器 1140根据第一指示帧确定发送时刻， 发射机 1120在发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧的时刻，从而实现该数据传输过程中的多个接收方 设备同时发送信道预留帧。这种情况下，发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信道预留成功，获得一次传输机会。由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 在解决了 隐藏节点的问题的同时，避免了本次数据传输的各个接收方设备之间相互竟 争， 从而减少了碰撞概率， 降低了系统开销。
另外，根据本发明实施例对传输进行保护时， 不受限于应用场景，例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式等。 因而， 本发明实 施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 通信设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 在非调度模式的应用场景下， 例如竟争模式下， 通信设备可以在 接收到第一指示帧时， 确定自身为数据传输过程的接收方， 也可以通过接收 第一设备发送的其它信息帧来确定。 或者， 在引入调度模式的应用场景下， 通信设备可以在获取调度信息后，确认自己在相应信道的相应时隙为数据接 收方。 进而能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏 节点的问题。
例如， 多个基于调度模式的 BSS ( Basic Service Set, 基本服务集）共存 时， 多个 BSS的 AP可以通过控制 STA发送信道预留帧的方法进行信道竟 争。每个 BSS的 AP可以指示被调度的 STA在被调度的信道上按照 AP产生 的随机退避时间发送信道预留帧。 同一个 BSS 内同一个信道上的所有 STA 同时发送信道预留帧， 和其他 BSS进行信道竟争， 同时避免了本 BSS内部 STA的竟争， 降低了碰撞概率。
又如, 通信设备统一使用 OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, 正交频分复用）方式发送信道预留帧。 信道预留帧的物理层数 据、 物理层参数和编码方式等都完全相同， 以保证第一设备能够正确接收多 个通信设备同时发送的信道预留帧， 进而获得一次传输机会。 以 CTS-to-self 帧为例， 为了保证所有 STA 发送的 CTS-to-self 帧完全一致， 需要对 CTS-to-self帧的结构进行修改。 CTS-to-self 中的 RA ( Receiver Address, 接 收地址）域不再指示自己的地址信息， 而是指示一个共同的地址， 例如 AP 的地址， 或为多个协作 BSS预设的网络地址。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 存储器 1150还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
第一指示帧包括随机退避时间， 这种情况下， 处理器 1140根据第一指 示帧确定发送时刻时， 可以先控制通信设备 110根据第一指示帧中的随机退 避时间进行随机退避； 若在随机退避时间内信道空闲， 再确定随机退避时间 到期的时刻为发送时刻。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 存储器 1150还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
第一指示帧包括信道预留帧发送规则， 这种情况下， 处理器 1140根据 第一指示帧确定发送时刻时， 可以根据第一指示帧中的信道预留帧发送规 则， 确定发送时刻。
可选地， 作为另一实施例， 存储器 1150还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
在发送时刻发送信道预留帧时， 发射机 1120通过广播的方式在发送时 刻发送信道预留帧。
图 12是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 12的通信设备 120可用于实现上述方法实施例中各步骤及方法。 图 12的实施例中， 通信设备 120包括天线 1210、 发射机 1220、 接收机 1230、 处理器 1240和存储器 1250。处理器 1240控制通信设备 120的操作， 并可用 于处理信号。 存储器 1250可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器， 并向处 理器 1240提供指令和数据。 发射机 1220和接收机 1230可以耦合到天线 1210。 通信设备 120的各个组件通过总线系统 1260耦合在一起， 其中总线 系统 1260除包括数据总线之外， 还包括电源总线、 控制总线和状态信号总 线。 但是为了清楚说明起见， 在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统 1260。 通信 设备 120为数据传输过程的发送方，例如，可以为图 1所述的 AP 110或 STA 120。
具体地， 存储器 1250可存储执行以下过程的指令：
处理器 1240生成第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道 预留帧， 信道预留帧用于预留通信设备向第二设备发送数据时使用的信道； 发射机 1220向第二设备发送第二指示帧。
本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧， 发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信 道预留成功， 获得一次传输机会。 由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信 道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 为解决隐藏节点的 问题提供了一种可实施的方式。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 通信设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 第二设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 第二设备可以在接收到第二指示帧时， 发送信道预留帧。 因此， 能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点的问 题。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 存储器 1250还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
发射机 1220向第二设备发送第二指示帧时，处理器 1240可以先控制通 信设备进行随机退避； 在信道空闲时， 发射机 1220再向第二设备发送第二 指示帧。
这样可以进一步降低碰撞概率， 进而降低了系统开销。
图 13是本发明另一实施例的通信设备的示意性框图。
图 13的通信设备 130可用于实现上述方法实施例中各步骤及方法。 图 13的实施例中， 通信设备 130包括天线 1310、 发射机 1320、 接收机 1330、 处理器 1340和存储器 1350。处理器 1340控制通信设备 130的操作， 并可用 于处理信号。 存储器 1350可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器， 并向处 理器 1340提供指令和数据。 发射机 1320和接收机 1330可以耦合到天线 1310。 通信设备 130的各个组件通过总线系统 1360耦合在一起， 其中总线 系统 1360除包括数据总线之外， 还包括电源总线、 控制总线和状态信号总 线。 但是为了清楚说明起见， 在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统 1360。 通信 设备 130为数据传输过程的接收方，例如，可以为图 1所示的 AP 110或 STA 120。
具体地， 存储器 1350可存储执行以下过程的指令：
接收机 1330从第一设备接收第二指示帧， 第二指示帧用于指示通信设 备发送信道预留帧，信道预留帧用于预留第一设备向通信设备发送数据时使 用的信道； 发射机 1320发送信道预留帧。 本发明实施例的预留信道的方法中，数据传输过程的发送方设备指示接 收方设备发送信道预留帧， 发送方设备接收到该信道预留帧后， 视为该次信 道预留成功， 获得一次传输机会。 由接收方设备发送信道预留帧， 以竟争信 道， 不需要发送方设备额外发送该信道预留帧的响应帧， 为解决隐藏节点的 问题提供了一种可实施的方式。
另外， 根据本发明实施例的预留信道的方法对传输进行保护时， 不受限 于应用场景， 例如， 竟争的工作模式、 调度模式或者竟争与调度结合的模式 等。 因而， 本发明实施例有更广的应用范围。
应理解， 第一设备为数据传输过程的发送方， 通信设备为数据传输过程 的接收方。 通信设备可以在接收到第二指示帧时， 发送信道预留帧。 因此， 能够实现由数据传输过程的接收方发送信道预留帧， 解决了隐藏节点的问 题。
可选地， 作为一个实施例， 存储器 1350还可以存储执行以下过程的指 令：
发射机 1320发送信道预留帧时， 处理器 1340可以先通信设备进行随机 退避； 若信道空闲， 发射机 1320再发送信道预留帧。
应理解， 在本发明的各种实施例中， 上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味 着执行顺序的先后， 各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定， 而不应 对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到， 结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各 示例的单元及算法步骤， 能够以电子硬件、 计算机软件或者二者的结合来实 现， 为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性， 在上述说明中已经按照功能一 般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执 行， 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。 专业技术人员可以对每个 特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超 出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到， 为了描述的方便和筒洁， 上述 描述的系统、 装置和单元的具体工作过程， 可以参考前述方法实施例中的对 应过程， 在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中， 应该理解到， 所揭露的系统、 装置和 方法， 可以通过其它的方式实现。 例如， 以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示 意性的， 例如， 所述单元的划分， 仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分， 实际实现时可 以有另外的划分方式， 例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个 系统， 或一些特征可以忽略， 或不执行。 另外， 所显示或讨论的相互之间的 耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或 通信连接， 也可以是电的， 机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作 为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元， 即可以位于一个地方， 或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或 者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外， 在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元 中， 也可以是各个单元单独物理存在， 也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在 一个单元中。 上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现， 也可以采用软件 功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销 售或使用时， 可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。 基于这样的理解， 本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分， 或者该技术方 案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在 一个存储介质中， 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备（可以是个人计算 机， 服务器， 或者网络设备等）执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部 分步骤。 而前述的存储介质包括： U盘、 移动硬盘、 只读存储器（ROM, Read-Only Memory )、 随机存取存储器 ( RAM, Random Access Memory )、 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易 想到各种等效的修改或替换， 这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围 之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种预留信道的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
第一设备生成第一指示帧， 所述第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道 预留帧的时刻，所述信道预留帧用于预留所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送 数据时使用的信道；
所述第一设备向多个所述第二设备发送所述第一指示帧。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一设备向多个所 述第二设备发送所述第一指示帧， 包括：
所述第一设备通过广播或多播的方式向多个所述第二设备发送所述第 一指示帧。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述第一设备生 成第一指示帧之前， 所述方法还包括：
所述第一设备获取调度信息；
所述第一设备向多个所述第二设备发送所述第一指示帧， 包括： 所述第一设备根据所述调度信息， 向多个所述第二设备发送所述第一指 示帧。
4、 一种预留信道的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
第二设备从第一设备接收第一指示帧，所述第一指示帧用于指示所述第 二设备发送信道预留帧的发送时刻， 所述信道预留帧用于预留所述第一设备 向所述第二设备发送数据时使用的信道；
所述第二设备根据所述第一指示帧确定所述发送时刻， 并在所述发送时 刻发送信道预留帧。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一指示帧包括随 机退避时间， 所述第二设备根据所述第一指示帧确定所述发送时刻， 包括： 所述第二设备根据所述第一指示帧中的随机退避时间进行随机退避； 若在所述随机退避时间内所述信道空闲， 所述第二设备确定所述随机退 避时间到期的时刻为所述发送时刻。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一指示帧包括信 道预留帧发送规则， 所述第二设备根据所述第一指示帧确定所述发送时刻， 包括：
所述第二设备根据所述第一指示帧中的信道预留帧发送规则，确定所述 发送时刻。
7、 根据权利要求 4至 6中任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述在所 述发送时刻发送信道预留帧， 包括：
通过广播的方式在所述发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
8、 一种预留信道的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
第一设备生成第二指示帧， 所述第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发送信道 预留帧，所述信道预留帧用于预留所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送数据时 使用的信道；
所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述第二指示帧。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一设备向所述第 二设备发送所述第二指示帧， 包括：
所述第一设备进行随机退避；
在所述信道空闲时， 所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述第二指示 帧。
10、 一种预留信道的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
第二设备从第一设备接收第二指示帧， 所述第二指示帧用于指示所述第 二设备发送信道预留帧，所述信道预留帧用于预留所述第一设备向所述第二 设备发送数据时使用的信道；
所述第二设备发送信道预留帧。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第二设备发送信 道预留帧， 包括：
所述第二设备进行随机退避；
若所述信道空闲， 所述第二设备发送信道预留帧。
12、 一种通信设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
生成单元， 用于生成第一指示帧， 所述第一指示帧用于指示第二设备发 送信道预留帧的时刻，所述信道预留帧用于预留所述通信设备向所述第二设 备发送数据时使用的信道；
发送单元， 用于向多个所述第二设备发送所述第一指示帧。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所述发送单元， 具体用于通过广播或多播的方式向多个所述第二设备发送所述第一指示帧。
14、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所述通信设 备还包括：
获取单元， 用于获取调度信息；
所述发送单元， 具体用于根据所述调度信息， 向多个所述第二设备发送 所述第一指示帧。
15、 一种通信设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收单元， 用于从第一设备接收第一指示帧， 所述第一指示帧用于指示 所述通信设备发送信道预留帧的发送时刻， 所述信道预留帧用于预留所述第 一设备向所述通信设备发送数据时使用的信道；
确定单元， 用于根据所述第一指示帧确定所述发送时刻；
发送单元， 用于在所述发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所述第一指示帧 包括随机退避时间， 所述通信设备还包括：
控制单元， 用于根据所述第一指示帧中的随机退避时间控制所述通信设 备进行随机退避；
所述确定单元， 具体用于若在所述随机退避时间内所述信道空闲， 确定 所述随机退避时间到期的时刻为所述发送时刻。
17、 根据权利要求 15所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所述第一指示帧 包括信道预留帧发送规则， 所述确定单元， 具体用于根据所述第一指示帧中 的信道预留帧发送规则， 确定所述发送时刻。
18、 根据权利要求 15至 17中任一项所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所 述发送单元， 具体用于通过广播的方式在所述发送时刻发送信道预留帧。
19、 一种通信设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
生成单元， 用于生成第二指示帧， 所述第二指示帧用于指示第二设备发 送信道预留帧，所述信道预留帧用于预留所述通信设备向所述第二设备发送 数据时使用的信道；
发送单元， 用于向所述第二设备发送所述第二指示帧。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所述通信设备还 包括：
控制单元， 用于控制所述通信设备进行随机退避；
所述发送单元， 具体用于在所述信道空闲时， 向所述第二设备发送所述 第二指示帧。
21、 一种通信设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收单元， 从第一设备接收第二指示帧， 所述第二指示帧用于指示所述 通信设备发送信道预留帧， 所述信道预留帧用于预留所述第一设备向所述通 信设备发送数据时使用的信道；
发送单元， 用于发送信道预留帧。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的通信设备， 其特征在于， 所述通信设备还 包括：
控制单元， 用于控制所述通信设备进行随机退避；
所述发送单元， 具体用于若所述信道空闲， 发送信道预留帧。
PCT/CN2014/070705 2014-01-16 2014-01-16 预留信道的方法及通信设备 Ceased WO2015106417A1 (zh)

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