WO2015117292A1 - 一种设备到设备广播通信的方法和用户设备 - Google Patents
一种设备到设备广播通信的方法和用户设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015117292A1 WO2015117292A1 PCT/CN2014/078798 CN2014078798W WO2015117292A1 WO 2015117292 A1 WO2015117292 A1 WO 2015117292A1 CN 2014078798 W CN2014078798 W CN 2014078798W WO 2015117292 A1 WO2015117292 A1 WO 2015117292A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/18—Management of setup rejection or failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a broadcast communication technology, and in particular, to a device to device (D2D, Device to Device) broadcast communication method and user equipment.
- D2D Device to Device
- D2D communication refers to direct communication between adjacent devices, such as Bluetooth. Due to lack of network management, D2D communication generally uses unlicensed spectrum, such as 2.4 GHz. With the rapid spread of smartphones, many new applications have emerged, such as location-based applications, social applications, and so on. In a mobile communication network, communication between user equipments must be performed through the network, as shown in Figure 1, even if the two devices are located in close proximity, because the network operator needs to control the licensed spectrum, when the communication parties use the authorization. When the spectrum communicates, it must pass through the network to realize resource scheduling, billing and management of the communication activities of the network. In order to reduce the network load, some companies have proposed the direct communication of neighboring devices. As shown in Fig.
- D2D includes two aspects: discovery and communication. It is found that the D2D-capable user equipment running D2D application is identified in the adjacent area, and the communication, that is, the D2D user equipment, performs user plane data transmission through direct connection between users or through the eNB.
- Public safety networks provide communications for public services such as public security, firefighting, and first aid. Public safety systems require high robustness and specific communication needs to address emergency service communications.
- the representative system is a Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) system defined by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). It can provide a range of features that were previously not supported in commercial cellular systems. Emergency communication is also a type of public safety communication.
- TETRA Terrestrial Trunked Radio
- ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
- the usage scenarios of D2D technology include network coverage (such as commercial applications) and no network coverage (such as public safety communication).
- the control plane of the D2D is generally managed by the network side.
- the control plane process is generally implemented by the D2D device itself.
- D2D technology can be applied to point-to-point or point-to-multipoint environments such as D2D unicast or broadcast communication.
- embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a D2D broadcast communication method and user equipment, which implements D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area.
- a device-to-device broadcast communication method comprising:
- Device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is performed centrally, and data is broadcast on the shared channel through the central node.
- the device performs D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a centralized manner, and broadcasts data on the shared channel by the central node, including:
- the source D2D device finds that there is a central node, the source D2D device sends a broadcast request message to the central node;
- the central node determines to accept the broadcast request message and sends an accept response message, the source
- the D2D device receives the acceptance response message, and the source D2D device forwards the data to be broadcast on the shared channel through the central node;
- the central node sends a reject response message when it is determined that the broadcast request message is not accepted, and the source D2D device receives the reject response message.
- the source D2D device forwards the number that needs to be broadcasted on the shared channel through the central node. According to, including:
- the central node receives, by the central node, the data that needs to be broadcast, before transmitting the data to be broadcast on the shared channel, the central node sends a broadcast notification message;
- the central node forwards the data that needs to be broadcasted on the shared channel, the data transmission that needs to be broadcast ends, and the central node sends a broadcast end indication message.
- the shared channel is a preset radio resource
- the preset radio resource is radio resource information for D2D broadcast communication and is stored locally in each D2D device.
- the preset radio resource includes: at least one of a frequency, a frame/subframe, a repetition period, and a resource index.
- the broadcast request message includes: at least one of a source identifier, a destination identifier, an application identifier, an application server identifier, a group identifier, a network coverage indication, a broadcast range, and a broadcast time window.
- the central node is a designated D2D device
- the designated D2D device is designated as a central node by the network node when there is network coverage;
- the designated D2D device declares itself as a central node and has the consent of other D2D devices when there is no network coverage.
- the determining, by the central node, the basis for accepting the broadcast request message includes: Condition 1: Whether the source D2D device allows to send broadcast data;
- Condition 2 When the target D2D device is a group of D2D devices, whether the source D2D device and the target device belong to the same group;
- condition 1 and condition 2 are YES, the central node determines to accept the broadcast request message, otherwise rejects the request.
- the method further includes: simultaneously transmitting two or more source D2D devices to send the When the request message is broadcast, the central node sorts the received plurality of broadcast request messages.
- the basis for the central node to sort the received multiple broadcast request messages includes: a time sequence of receiving the request, a priority of the source D2D device sending the broadcast request message, and a local policy of the central node. At least one situation.
- a device-to-device broadcast communication method comprising:
- the device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is performed in a centralized manner, and the target D2D device receives data broadcasted on the shared channel by the central node.
- the device performs D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a centralized manner, and the target D2D device receives the data broadcasted by the central node on the shared channel, including: the target D2D device monitors the broadcast notification message, where The target D2D device receives broadcast data on a shared channel.
- a user equipment comprising:
- the first processing unit is configured to perform device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a centralized manner, and broadcast data on the shared channel through the central node.
- the first processing unit includes:
- a first sending subunit configured to send a broadcast request message to the central node when the source D2D device finds that the central node exists
- a second sending subunit configured to: when the central node determines to accept the broadcast request message, send an accept response message; forward the data that needs to be broadcast on the shared channel; and send a reject response when the central node determines that the broadcast request message is not accepted Message
- a first receiving subunit configured to receive the accept response message; and receive the reject response message.
- the second sending subunit is further configured to receive, by the central node, the data that needs to be broadcast, send a broadcast notification message before forwarding the data that needs to be broadcast on the shared channel, and forward the station on the shared channel.
- the first processing unit further includes:
- the sorting subunit is configured to have two or more sources simultaneously.
- the D2D device sends the broadcast request message
- the received plurality of the broadcast request messages are sorted.
- the first processing unit, the first sending subunit, the second sending subunit, the first receiving subunit, and the sorting subunit may use a central processing unit (CPU, when performing processing).
- CPU central processing unit
- Central Processing Unit Central Processing Unit
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
- a user equipment comprising:
- the second processing unit is configured to perform device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a centralized manner, and the target D2D device receives data broadcasted on the shared channel by the central node.
- the second processing unit includes:
- a first listening subunit configured to listen to a broadcast notification message
- the second receiving subunit is configured to receive broadcast data on the shared channel.
- the second processing unit, the first monitoring subunit, and the second receiving subunit may use a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Singnal) when performing processing. Processor ) or Programmable Array (FPGA) implementation.
- CPU central processing unit
- DSP digital signal processor
- FPGA Programmable Array
- a device-to-device broadcast communication method comprising:
- Device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is distributed in a distributed manner, and resources are broadcasted on the shared channel by resources.
- the device performs D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner, and broadcasts data on the shared channel through resource competition, including:
- the source D2D device finds that there is no central node, the source D2D device sends a broadcast request message; When the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request is successful, the source D2D device sends the data that needs to be broadcast on the shared channel;
- the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request has failed, it waits for the specified time to resend the broadcast request message.
- the source D2D device sends the data to be broadcasted on the shared channel, and the method includes: sending, by the source D2D device, the broadcast notification message, before sending the data that needs to be broadcast on the shared channel;
- the source D2D device sends the data that needs to be broadcasted on the shared channel, the data transmission that needs to be broadcast ends, and the source D2D device sends a broadcast end indication message.
- the shared channel is a preset radio resource
- the preset radio resource is radio resource information for D2D broadcast communication and is stored locally in each D2D device.
- the preset radio resource includes: at least one of a frequency, a frame/subframe, a repetition period, and a resource index.
- the broadcast request message includes: at least one of a source identifier, a destination identifier, an application identifier, an application server identifier, a group identifier, a network coverage indication, a broadcast range, and a broadcast time window.
- the source D2D device determines the basis for the success of the broadcast request, and includes: receiving an acceptance response message sent by the at least one target D2D device within a specified time; if the acceptance response message is received, the broadcast request is successful, otherwise, The broadcast request failed.
- the method further includes: when two or more source D2D devices simultaneously send a broadcast request message, and a message conflict occurs, only one source D2D device or no source D2D device request succeeds through the resource competition.
- a device-to-device broadcast communication method comprising:
- Device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner, target The D2D device receives data that is broadcast over the shared channel through resource contention.
- the device performs D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner, and the target D2D device receives the data broadcasted on the shared channel by the resource, including: the target D2D device monitors the broadcast request message, Sending an acceptance response message to the source D2D device, the acceptance response message being used to indicate that the target D2D device accepts the broadcast request of the source D2D device;
- the target D2D device listens to a broadcast notification message, and the target D2D device receives broadcast data on the shared channel.
- a user equipment comprising:
- a third processing unit configured to perform device-to-device outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner
- D2D broadcast communication broadcasting data on a shared channel through resource competition.
- the third processing unit includes:
- a third sending subunit configured to: when the source D2D device finds that there is no central node, send a broadcast request message; when the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request is successful, send the data that needs to be broadcast on the shared channel; and the source D2D device determines the broadcast When the request fails, the broadcast request message is resent after waiting for the specified time.
- the third sending subunit is further configured to: before the source D2D device sends the data that needs to be broadcast on the shared channel, send a broadcast notification message; and the source D2D device sends the need on the shared channel.
- the broadcasted data after the end of the data transmission that needs to be broadcast, sends a broadcast end indication message.
- the third processing unit further includes:
- the third receiving subunit is configured to receive the acceptance response message sent by the target D2D device. If the receiving response message sent by the at least one target D2D device is received within the specified time, the broadcast request is successful and the third sending subunit is notified. If the acceptance response message sent by the at least one target D2D device is not received within the specified time, the broadcast request fails and the third is notified. Send subunit.
- the third sending subunit is further configured to: when two or more source D2D devices simultaneously send a broadcast request message, when a message conflict occurs, only one source D2D device or no source D2D device is used in the manner of resource competition. The request is successful to decide whether to send data.
- the third processing unit, the third sending subunit, and the third receiving subunit may use a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Singnal) when performing processing. Processor ) or Programmable Array (FPGA) implementation.
- CPU central processing unit
- DSP digital signal processor
- FPGA Programmable Array
- a user equipment comprising:
- a fourth processing unit configured to perform device-to-device outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner
- the target D2D device receives data that is broadcast on the shared channel through resource competition.
- the fourth processing unit includes:
- a second monitoring subunit configured to listen to a broadcast request message
- a fourth sending subunit configured to send an accept response message to the source D2D device, where the accept response message is used to indicate that the target D2D device accepts the broadcast request of the source D2D device;
- a third monitoring subunit configured to listen to a broadcast notification message
- the fourth receiving subunit is configured to receive broadcast data on the shared channel.
- the fourth processing unit, the second monitoring subunit, the fourth transmitting subunit, the third monitoring subunit, and the fourth receiving subunit may use a central processing unit when performing processing ( CPU, Central Processing Unit), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), or Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
- device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is performed in a centralized manner, and data is broadcasted on the shared channel by the central node; or, device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is performed in a distributed manner, Broadcast over the shared channel through resource competition Data.
- D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is realized.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of existing network communication
- Embodiment 3 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method according to the present invention.
- Embodiment 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of a method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the method of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the solution of the embodiment of the present invention is directed to how to implement D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area, how to allocate radio resources of D2D broadcast, how to obtain broadcast resources, and how to implement D2D broadcast communication, to solve the problem of D2D broadcast implementation.
- the D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area adopts a centralized or distributed method, wherein the centralized D2D broadcast communication is performed through a central node; the distributed D2D broadcast communication is on the shared channel by means of resource competition. get on.
- the distributed D2D broadcast communication is on the shared channel by means of resource competition. get on.
- the method for D2D broadcast communication in the embodiment of the present invention includes: performing device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a centralized manner, and using the central node in the shared channel Broadcast data on.
- the party of the D2D broadcast communication of the embodiment of the present invention includes: performing device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a centralized manner, and the target D2D device receives data broadcasted on the shared channel by the central node.
- the distributed mode, from the source D2D device side, the method for D2D broadcast communication in the embodiment of the present invention includes: performing device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner, and sharing through resource competition Broadcast data on the channel.
- the D2D broadcast communication method of the embodiment of the present invention includes: performing device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area in a distributed manner, and the target D2D device receiving the content through the resource competition The data broadcast on the shared channel.
- Method Embodiment 1 A centralized and distributed combination scenario.
- the method for implementing the D2D broadcast in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: Step 101: The D2D user equipment determines whether there is a central node, and if yes, proceeds to step 102, otherwise, proceeds to step 104.
- the D2D device is a D2D device that is ready to send broadcast data, and may also be referred to as a source D2D device;
- the central node is a specific D2D device, and the D2D device can be a central node by two methods: First, when there is network coverage , designated by the network node as the central node, and second, when there is no network coverage, it is declared as the central node and is agreed by other D2D nodes. Either way, after determining the central node, you need to notify other D2D devices in the adjacent area.
- the role of the central node includes: authenticating the source D2D device, accepting or rejecting the broadcast request of the source D2D device, receiving the data sent by the source D2D device, and broadcasting on the shared channel, and ordering the broadcast requests of the plurality of source D2D devices, and Network side interaction (when there is network coverage) Update shared channel information, etc.
- the D2D device is outside the network coverage, including all neighboring D2D devices being outside the network coverage, or part of the D2D device being outside the network coverage.
- the neighboring D2D device is a D2D device of a neighboring area, wherein the neighboring area is an area that satisfies a preset rule, that is, a D2D user equipment can be found in the area.
- the neighboring devices may be one or more, wherein multiple neighboring devices generally belong to a common group, and one neighboring device Generally: the device runs the same application as the D2D device that initiated the request, such as social, gaming, entertainment, shopping, etc., or the user of the device and the D2D device user who initiated the request are friends.
- the D2D user equipment refers to: having D2D discovery and communication capabilities, and having contracted to use the D2D function.
- Step 102 The D2D user equipment sends data to the central node.
- the D2D device first sends a broadcast request message to the central node on a preset radio resource. If multiple D2D devices simultaneously send a request to the central node, the central node sorts the received request, and the basis for the sorting may be Is the chronological order in which the request is received, the priority of the D2D device that sent the request, the local policy of the central node, and so on.
- Step 103 The central node broadcasts data on the shared channel.
- the centralized broadcast process ends.
- the central node receives data sent by the source D2D device, and the data is data that needs to be broadcasted;
- the shared channel is a pre-designated piece of radio resource, such as resources configured by the base station when there is network coverage, or through operation and maintenance. ( OAM, Operation And Maintenance )
- the configured resources, the resource information of the shared channel needs to be saved locally in each D2D device, and the necessary update is performed only when there is network coverage.
- the central node needs to send a broadcast notification message before transmitting the broadcast data: information indicating the transmission time, size, area, and the like of the broadcast data.
- the broadcast notification message is sent on a preset radio resource.
- the radio resource uses uplink resources (UE to eNB), which may be dedicated or universal; the radio resource information includes at least one of the following: frequency, frame/subframe, repetition period (used to indicate that the D2D device is in the wireless The time interval for sending/listening announcement information on the resource;), resource index (used to indicate wireless resources for different D2D discovery needs, such as point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, different distance between devices, etc.).
- the target D2D device listens to the broadcast notification message and receives the broadcast data on the shared channel.
- Step 104 The D2D device sends a broadcast request message.
- the broadcast request message is sent on the preset radio resource.
- the broadcast request message includes at least one of the following: a source identifier (for indicating a D2D device that sends a request), a destination identifier (for indicating a target device that is desired to be discovered, and for a broadcast communication, the destination identifier may be a specific multicast address, Group ID, group radio network temporary identifier RNTI, etc., application identifier, application server identifier, group identifier, whether there is network coverage indication, broadcast range (area for indicating broadcast), broadcast time window (for indicating the effective time of broadcast) )Wait.
- Step 105 The D2D device determines whether the request is successful, and if yes, proceeds to step 106, otherwise proceeds to step 107.
- the D2D device determines whether the request is successful by: receiving an acceptance response message of at least one target D2D device within a specified time. If no response message is received within the specified time, the request is determined to have failed. When two or more D2D devices simultaneously send a broadcast request message, a message collision occurs, and only one or no D2D device requests are successful (resource competition).
- the target D2D device listens on the preset radio resource, and if the D2D broadcast request message is received, sends a response message to the source D2D device by using the radio resource, where the response message is used to indicate that the target D2D device accepts the request, and the response message passes the RRC. Signaling is sent.
- Step 106 The D2D device broadcasts data on the shared channel.
- the D2D device determines that the broadcast request is successful, and transmits the broadcast data on the preset shared channel.
- the D2D device needs to send a broadcast notification message on the preset channel before transmitting the data.
- the target D2D device listens on the preset radio resource, and if the D2D broadcast notification message is monitored, further receives the D2D broadcast data on the shared channel.
- the broadcast end indication message is sent.
- Step 107 The D2D device waits for a period of time to resend the broadcast request message.
- the D2D device determines that the broadcast request fails, and then waits for a period of time to resend the broadcast request.
- the time period may be a random length or a locally stored waiting time value.
- the D2D device may send the same broadcast request message multiple times, and the specific number of transmissions may be determined according to a locally pre-stored value or a broadcast data time window.
- Method Embodiment 2 A centralized scenario.
- the method for centralized D2D broadcasting has a central node, and includes: Step 201: The source D2D device sends a broadcast request message to the central node.
- the broadcast request message is control plane signaling, and the request message includes at least one of the following: a source identifier (for indicating a D2D device that sends a request), a destination identifier (for indicating a target device that is desired to be discovered, and for broadcast communication,
- the destination identifier may be a specific multicast address, a group identifier, a group radio network temporary identifier RNTI, or the like, an application identifier, an application server identifier, a group identifier, whether there is a network coverage indication, and a broadcast range (an area for indicating broadcast) ), a broadcast time window (used to indicate the effective time of the broadcast), and the like.
- Step 202 The central node determines whether to accept the broadcast request, and if yes, proceeds to step 203, otherwise proceeds to step 209.
- the central node determines whether to accept the request according to the following conditions: whether the source D2D device is allowed to send broadcast data; when the target D2D device is a group of D2D devices, whether the source D2D device and the target device belong to the same group; when the above conditions are all , you can accept the request; otherwise reject the request.
- the central node sorts the received multiple requests according to one or more of the following: Time-order of receiving the request, and sending the requested D2D device Priority, local policy of the central node, etc.
- Step 203 The central node sends an accept response message to the source D2D device.
- the central node determines to accept a broadcast request of the D2D device, and the central node sends an accept response message to the source D2D device through control plane signaling, where the response message is sent within a time window specified by the discovery request message. If the source D2D device needs to be queued, the central node sends Wait for the indication message, including the waiting time, and so on.
- Step 204 The source D2D device sends data to the central node.
- the source D2D device sends data to the central node for transmission through the user plane. If you need to wait, the data is sent after the indicated waiting time.
- Step 205 The central node sends a broadcast data notification message.
- the central node After receiving the data, the central node sends a broadcast data notification message on the preset resource, and is used to indicate: a broadcast data transmission time, a broadcast data size, a transmission area, and the like.
- the notification message is transmitted through RRC signaling.
- Step 206 The central node broadcasts data on the shared channel.
- the central node transmits the received data on a shared channel.
- Step 207 The target D2D device listens to the broadcast notification message.
- the target D2D device listens to the D2D broadcast notification message according to the notification period on the preset radio resource.
- Step 208 The target D2D device that listens to the broadcast notification message receives the broadcast data on the shared channel.
- the target D2D device listens to the broadcast notification message, it further receives the broadcast data on the shared channel.
- Step 209 The central node sends a reject response message to the source D2D device.
- the central node determines that the D2D device broadcast request is not supported, and sends a reject message to the source D2D device, and indicates the reason for the rejection, such as the source D2D device does not allow the broadcast data to be sent, or the source D2D device and the target D2D device do not belong to the same group. and many more.
- the reject message is transmitted through control signaling. If the accept or reject response message is not received within the discovery time window, the source D2D device considers the request to be unsuccessful.
- Embodiment 3 A scenario of distributed integration.
- the implementation method is as shown in FIG. 5, including:
- Step 301 The source D2D user equipment sends a D2D broadcast request message on the provisioned radio resource.
- the provisioned radio resource refers to information that has been stored on the D2D device before discovery, and the pre-configuration may be configured by the network side eNB when the D2D device is in network coverage, or configured by the D2D device manufacturer in advance.
- the pre-configured radio resource information includes at least one of the following: a frequency, a frame/subframe, a repetition period (a time interval for indicating that the D2D device transmits/listens announcement information on the radio resource), and a resource index (for indicating different D2D discovers the demand for wireless resources, such as point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and different distances between devices.
- the broadcast request message is control plane signaling, and is sent by using RRC signaling; the request message includes at least one of the following: a source identifier (for indicating a D2D device that sends a request), and a destination identifier (for indicating a target that is desired to be discovered) Device, for broadcast communication, the destination identifier can be any specific multicast address, group identifier, G-RNTI, etc., application identifier, application server identifier, group identifier, whether there is network coverage indication, broadcast range (for indication Broadcast area), broadcast time window (used to indicate the effective time of the broadcast), etc.
- the G-RNTI is an abbreviation of the Group-Radio Network Temporary Identifier, which is a group wireless network temporary identifier.
- Step 302 The source D2D user equipment determines whether the broadcast request is successful, and if yes, proceeds to step 303, otherwise proceeds to step 306.
- the D2D device determines that the request is successful by: receiving an acceptance response message of at least one target D2D device within a specified time. If no response message is received within the specified time, the request is determined to have failed. When two or more D2D devices simultaneously send a broadcast request message, a message collision occurs, and only one or no D2D device requests are successful.
- the target D2D device listens on the preset radio resource, and if the D2D broadcast request message is detected, sends a response message to the source D2D device by using the radio resource, where the response message is used to indicate the target.
- the D2D device accepts the request, and the response message is sent through RRC signaling.
- Step 303 The source D2D device sends a broadcast notification message.
- the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request is successful, and sends a broadcast notification message on the preset radio resource, which is used to indicate information such as time, size, and area of the broadcast data.
- the broadcast notification message may be transmitted multiple times before the broadcast data is transmitted.
- the target D2D device listens to the broadcast notification message on the preset radio resource.
- Step 304 The source D2D device sends broadcast data on the shared channel.
- the source D2D device transmits broadcast data on a preset shared channel.
- Step 305 The D2D device receiving the broadcast notification message receives the broadcast data on the shared channel.
- the D2D device listens to the broadcast data notification message and then receives the broadcast data on the preset shared channel.
- Step 306 The source D2D device waits for a period of time to resend the broadcast request message.
- the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request fails, and waits for a random time to resend the broadcast request message, and the D2D device may send the same broadcast request message multiple times, and the specific number of times of sending may be determined according to the locally pre-stored value or the broadcast data time window. .
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment, where the user equipment is used to select a D2D broadcast transmission mode (the broadcast transmission mode is centralized and/or distributed), and the D2D broadcast request message is sent. Sending a D2D broadcast notification message, monitoring a D2D broadcast notification message, receiving a request response message, transmitting/forwarding D2D broadcast data, receiving D2D broadcast data, and storing preset radio resource information for D2D broadcast.
- FIG. 6 indicates a schematic diagram of a user equipment structure that is centralized and considered from a source D2D device side, and includes: a first sending subunit 11, configured to source a D2D device to find a presence center. And sending a broadcast request message to the central node; the second sending sub-unit 12 is configured to send the accept response when the central node determines that the broadcast request message is accepted.
- the rejecting sub-unit 14 is configured to sort the received plurality of the broadcast request messages when the two or more source D2D devices send the broadcast request message.
- the b in FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a user equipment structure that is centralized and considered from the target D2D device side, and includes: a first listening subunit 21 configured to listen to a broadcast notification message; and a second receiving subunit 22 configured to Receive broadcast data on the shared channel.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a user equipment structure that is distributed and considered from the source D2D device side, and includes: a third sending subunit 31 configured to discover that the source D2D device does not exist.
- the central node sends a broadcast request message when the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request is successful, and sends the broadcast request message on the shared channel; and the source D2D device determines that the broadcast request fails, and waits for the specified time to resend the broadcast request message;
- the third receiving sub-unit 32 is configured to receive the acceptance response message sent by the target D2D device.
- the broadcast request is successful and the third sender is notified. If the receiving response message sent by the at least one target D2D device is not received within the specified time, the broadcast request fails and the third sending subunit is notified.
- the d in FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a user equipment structure that is distributed and considered from the target D2D device side, and includes: a second intercepting subunit 41 configured to listen to a broadcast request message; and a fourth sending subunit 42 configured to The source D2D device sends an accept response message, the accept response message is configured to indicate that the target D2D device accepts the broadcast request of the source D2D device; the third snoop subunit 43 is configured to listen to the broadcast notification message; the fourth receiving subunit 44, configures To receive broadcast data on a shared channel.
- the user equipment shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 further includes a storage subunit for storing preset radio resource information for D2D broadcast, which is not shown in the figure.
- the integrated modules described in the embodiments of the present invention may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or in the form of a software product.
- the computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions.
- a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) is implemented to perform all or part of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
- the foregoing storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
- ROM read-only memory
- RAM random access memory
- magnetic disk or an optical disk and the like.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein a computer program for executing the D2D broadcast communication method of the embodiment of the present invention is stored.
- device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is performed in a centralized manner, and data is broadcasted on the shared channel by the central node; or, device-to-device D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is performed in a distributed manner, Data is broadcast on the shared channel through resource competition.
- D2D broadcast communication outside the network coverage area is realized.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种设备到设备广播通信的方法和用户设备,其中,所述方法包括:以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备(D2D)广播通信,通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据;或者,以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备D2D广播通信,通过资源竞争在共享信道上广播数据。
Description
一种设备到设备广播通信的方法和用户设备 技术领域
本发明涉及广播通信技术, 尤其涉及一种设备到设备(D2D, Device to Device ) 广播通信的方法和用户设备。 背景技术
本申请发明人在实现本申请实施例技术方案的过程中, 至少发现相关 技术中存在如下技术问题:
D2D通信是指邻近的设备间直接通信, 如蓝牙, 由于缺少网络管控, D2D通信一般釆用非授权频谱, 如 2.4GHz。 随着智能手机的快速普及, 出 现了很多新的应用, 如基于位置应用, 社交应用等等。 在移动通信网络中, 用户设备之间的通信必须通过网络进行, 如图 1 所示, 即使两个设备位于 邻近的位置, 这是因为网络运营商需要对授权频谱进行管控, 当通信双方 使用授权频谱进行通信时, 必须通过网络, 以实现网络对通信活动的资源 调度, 计费和管理等。 为了降低网络负载, 有些公司提出了邻近设备直接 通信的设想, 如图 2所示, 图中实线表示用户面通信路径, 虚线表示控制 面通信路径。 目前 3GPP也开始对 D2D通信进行研究。 目前 D2D包括两个 方面: 发现和通信。 发现即在邻近区域内识别运行 D2D应用的具有 D2D 的能力的用户设备,通信即 D2D用户设备通过用户间直联或经过 eNB进行 用户面数据传输。
公共安全网络为诸如公安、 消防、 急救等公共服务提供通信。 公共安 全系统需要很高的健壮性和解决紧急服务通信的特定通信需求。 代表系统 是欧洲电信标准组织 ( ETSI, European Telecommunications Standards Institute )定义的陆上集群无线电( TETRA, Terrestrial Trunked Radio )系统,
它可以提供一系列功能, 这些功能以前在商用蜂窝系统不被支持。 应急通 信也属于公共安全通信的一种。
D2D技术的使用场景包括有网络覆盖(如商业应用)和无网络覆盖(如 公共安全通信) 两种。
对于有网络覆盖场景, 一般由网络侧管理 D2D的控制面实现流程, 对 于无网络覆盖场景, 一般由 D2D设备本身实现控制面流程。 D2D技术可应 用于点到点或者一点到多点的环境, 如 D2D单播或广播通信。
然而, 对于无网络覆盖场景, 即在网络覆盖区域外 D2D广播通信的实 现技术, 相关技术中并未存在解决方案。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明实施例希望提供一种 D2D广播通信的方法和用户设 备, 实现了在网络覆盖区域外的 D2D广播通信。
一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过中 心节点在共享信道上广播数据。
其中, 所述以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通 信, 通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据, 包括:
源 D2D设备发现存在中心节点时,所述源 D2D设备向所述中心节点发 送广播请求消息;
中心节点判断出接受所述广播请求消息时发送接受响应消息, 所述源
D2D设备接收所述接受响应消息, 源 D2D设备通过中心节点在共享信道上 转发需要广播的数据;
中心节点判断出不接受所述广播请求消息时发送拒绝响应消息, 所述 源 D2D设备接收所述拒绝响应消息。
其中, 所述源 D2D设备通过中心节点在共享信道上转发需要广播的数
据, 包括:
所述中心节点接收到所述需要广播的数据, 在共享信道上转发所述需 要广播的数据之前, 中心节点发送广播通知消息;
所述中心节点在共享信道上转发所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广播 的数据发送结束, 中心节点发送广播结束指示消息。
其中, 所述共享信道为预设的无线资源;
所述预设的无线资源为用于 D2D广播通信的无线资源信息, 存储于每 个 D2D设备的本地。
其中, 所述预设的无线资源包括: 频率、 帧 /子帧、 重复周期、 资源索 引中的至少一种资源。
其中, 所述广播请求消息包括: 源标识、 目的标识、 应用标识、 应用 服务器标识、 组标识、 是否有网络覆盖指示、 广播范围、 广播时间窗中的 至少一种信息。
其中, 所述中心节点为指定的 D2D设备;
所述指定的 D2D设备在有网络覆盖时, 由网络节点指定为中心节点; 或者,
所述指定的 D2D设备在无网络覆盖时, 自身声明为中心节点且得到其 他 D2D设备的同意。
其中, 所述中心节点判断出接受所述广播请求消息的依据, 包括: 条件一: 源 D2D设备是否允许发送广播数据;
条件二: 目标 D2D设备为一组 D2D设备时, 源 D2D设备和目标设备 是否属于相同的组;
若所述条件一和所述条件二都为是, 则所述中心节点判断出接受所述 广播请求消息, 否则拒绝请求。
其中, 所述方法还包括: 同时存在两个及以上的源 D2D设备发送所述
广播请求消息时, 中心节点对收到的多个所述广播请求消息进行排序。 其中, 所述中心节点对收到的多个所述广播请求消息进行排序的依据, 包括: 收到请求的时间先后、 发送广播请求消息的源 D2D设备的优先级、 中心节点的本地策略中的至少一种情况。
一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D 广播通信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在共享信道上广播的数据。
其中, 所述以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通 信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在共享信道上广播的数据, 包括: 所述目标 D2D设备监听到广播通知消息,所述目标 D2D设备在共享信 道上接收广播数据。
一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第一处理单元, 配置为以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据。
其中, 所述第一处理单元, 包括:
第一发送子单元, 配置为源 D2D设备发现存在中心节点时, 向所述中 心节点发送广播请求消息;
第二发送子单元, 配置为中心节点判断出接受所述广播请求消息时发 送接受响应消息; 在共享信道上转发需要广播的数据; 以及中心节点判断 出不接受所述广播请求消息时发送拒绝响应消息;
第一接收子单元, 配置为接收所述接受响应消息; 以及接收所述拒绝 响应消息。
其中, 所述第二发送子单元, 还配置为所述中心节点接收到所述需要 广播的数据, 在共享信道上转发所述需要广播的数据之前发送广播通知消 息; 以及在共享信道上转发所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广播的数据发
送结束后发送广播结束指示消息。
其中, 所述第一处理单元, 还包括:
排序子单元, 配置为同时存在两个及以上的源 D2D设备发送所述广播 请求消息时, 对收到的多个所述广播请求消息进行排序。
所述第一处理单元、 所述第一发送子单元、 所述第二发送子单元、 所 述第一接收子单元、 所述排序子单元在执行处理时, 可以釆用中央处理器 ( CPU, Central Processing Unit )、 数字信号处理器(DSP, Digital Singnal Processor )或可编程逻辑阵列 ( FPGA, Field - Programmable Gate Array ) 实现。
一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第二处理单元, 配置为以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信,目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在共享信道上广播的数据。
其中, 所述第二处理单元, 包括:
第一监听子单元, 配置为监听到广播通知消息;
第二接收子单元, 配置为在共享信道上接收广播数据。
所述第二处理单元、 所述第一监听子单元、 所述第二接收子单元在执 行处理时, 可以釆用中央处理器(CPU, Central Processing Unit ), 数字信 号处理器( DSP, Digital Singnal Processor )或可编程逻辑阵列( FPGA, Field - Programmable Gate Array ) 实现。
一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过资 源竟争在共享信道上广播数据。
其中, 所述以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通 信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播数据, 包括:
源 D2D设备发现不存在中心节点时, 源 D2D设备发送广播请求消息;
源 D2D设备判断出广播请求成功时,源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送需 要广播的数据;
源 D2D设备判断出广播请求失败时, 等待指定时间后重新发送广播请 求消息。
其中, 所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送需要广播的数据, 包括: 所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据之前, 发送广 播通知消息;
所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广 播的数据发送结束, 所述源 D2D设备发送广播结束指示消息。
其中, 所述共享信道为预设的无线资源;
所述预设的无线资源为用于 D2D广播通信的无线资源信息, 存储于每 个 D2D设备的本地。
其中, 所述预设的无线资源包括: 频率、 帧 /子帧、 重复周期、 资源索 引中的至少一种资源。
其中, 所述广播请求消息包括: 源标识、 目的标识、 应用标识、 应用 服务器标识、 组标识、 是否有网络覆盖指示、 广播范围、 广播时间窗中的 至少一种信息。
其中, 所述源 D2D设备判断出广播请求成功的依据, 包括: 在指定时间内收到至少一个目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息; 若收到所述接受响应消息, 则广播请求成功, 否则, 广播请求失败。 其中, 所述方法还包括: 当存在两个及以上源 D2D设备同时发送广播 请求消息, 发生消息冲突, 则通过资源竟争的方式只有一个源 D2D设备或 者没有任何源 D2D设备请求成功。
一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D 广播通信, 目标
D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播的数据。
其中, 所述以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通 信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播的数据, 包括: 所述目标 D2D设备监听到广播请求消息,向源 D2D设备发送接受响应 消息,所述接受响应消息用于指示目标 D2D设备接受源 D2D设备的广播请 求;
所述目标 D2D设备监听到广播通知消息,所述目标 D2D设备在共享信 道上接收广播数据。
一种用户设备, 述设备包括:
第三处理单元, 配置为以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备
D2D广播通信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播数据。
其中, 所述第三处理单元, 包括:
第三发送子单元, 配置为源 D2D设备发现不存在中心节点时, 发送广 播请求消息; 源 D2D设备判断出广播请求成功时, 在共享信道上发送需要 广播的数据; 以及源 D2D设备判断出广播请求失败时, 等待指定时间后重 新发送广播请求消息。
其中, 所述第三发送子单元, 还配置为所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上 发送所述需要广播的数据之前, 发送广播通知消息; 以及所述源 D2D设备 在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广播的数据发送结束后 发送广播结束指示消息。
其中, 所述第三处理单元, 还包括:
第三接收子单元, 配置为接收目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 若 在指定时间内收到至少一个目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 则说明广 播请求成功并通知所述第三发送子单元; 若在指定时间内未收到至少一个 目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 则说明广播请求失败并通知所述第三
发送子单元。
其中, 所述第三发送子单元, 还配置为当存在两个及以上源 D2D设备 同时发送广播请求消息, 发生消息冲突时, 通过资源竟争的方式只有一个 源 D2D设备或者没有任何源 D2D设备请求成功来决定是否发送数据。
所述第三处理单元、 所述第三发送子单元、 所述第三接收子单元在执 行处理时, 可以釆用中央处理器(CPU, Central Processing Unit ), 数字信 号处理器( DSP, Digital Singnal Processor )或可编程逻辑阵列( FPGA, Field - Programmable Gate Array ) 实现。
一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第四处理单元, 配置为以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备
D2D广播通信,目标 D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播的数据。
其中, 所述第四处理单元, 包括:
第二监听子单元, 配置为监听到广播请求消息;
第四发送子单元, 配置为向源 D2D设备发送接受响应消息, 所述接受 响应消息用于指示目标 D2D设备接受源 D2D设备的广播请求;
第三监听子单元, 配置为监听到广播通知消息;
第四接收子单元, 配置为在共享信道上接收广播数据。
所述第四处理单元、 所述第二监听子单元、 所述第四发送子单元、 所 述第三监听子单元、 所述第四接收子单元在执行处理时, 可以釆用中央处 理器( CPU, Central Processing Unit )、数字信号处理器( DSP, Digital Singnal Processor )或可编程逻辑阵列 ( FPGA, Field - Programmable Gate Array ) 实现。
本发明实施例以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播 通信, 通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据; 或者, 以分布式进行在网络 覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播
数据。 釆用本发明实施例, 实现了在网络覆盖区域外的 D2D广播通信。 附图说明
图 1为现有网络通信示意图;
图 2为现有 D2D通信示意图;
图 3为本发明方法实施例一的流程图;
图 4为本发明方法实施例二的流程图;
图 5为本发明方法实施例三的流程图;
图 6为本发明实施例用户设备的一结构示意图;
图 7为本发明实施例用户设备的一结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。
本发明实施例的方案针对在网络覆盖区域外 D2D广播通信如何实现, D2D广播的无线资源如何分配、 D2D设备如何获取广播资源等 D2D广播通 信的实现问题, 用以解决 D2D广播的实现问题, 能实现在网络覆盖区域外 的 D2D广播通信。
本发明实施例在网络覆盖区域外的 D2D广播通信釆用集中式或分布式 方法, 其中, 集中式 D2D 广播通信通过一个中心节点进行; 分布式 D2D 广播通信通过资源竟争的方式在共享信道上进行。 通过本发明实施例, 能 够实现在网络覆盖区域之外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过上述设置, 可以实现公共安全通信, 减少 D2D通信对网络的依赖。
一、 集中式方式, 从源 D2D设备侧而言, 本发明实施例的 D2D广播通 信的方法, 包括: 以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播 通信, 通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据。
相应的,从目标 D2D设备侧而言,本发明实施例的 D2D广播通信的方
法, 包括: 以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在共享信道上广播的数据。
二、分布式方式, 从源 D2D设备侧而言, 本发明实施例的 D2D广播通 信的方法, 包括: 以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播 通信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播数据。
相应的,从目标 D2D设备侧而言,本发明实施例的 D2D广播通信的方 法, 包括: 以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播的数据。
方法实施例一: 集中式和分布式结合的场景。
本发明实施例实现 D2D广播的方法如图 3所示, 包括如下步骤: 步骤 101, D2D用户设备判断是否有中心节点, 如果有, 则转向步骤 102, 否则, 转向步骤 104。
所述 D2D设备为准备发送广播数据的 D2D设备, 也可以称为源 D2D 设备; 所述中心节点为一特定 D2D设备,该 D2D设备可通过两种方法成为 中心节点: 一是在有网络覆盖时, 由网络节点指定为中心节点, 二是在无 网络覆盖时, 自身声明为中心节点且得到其他 D2D节点的同意。 无论哪种 方式确定中心节点后, 都需要通知邻近区域的其他 D2D设备。 中心节点的 作用包括: 对源 D2D设备进行认证, 接受或拒绝源 D2D设备的广播请求, 接收源 D2D设备发送的数据并在共享信道上广播,对多个源 D2D设备的广 播请求进行排序, 与网络侧交互 (有网络覆盖时) 更新共享信道信息等。
需要指出的是, 所述 D2D设备处于网络覆盖之外, 其中包括所有邻近 D2D设备都在网络覆盖之外, 或者部分 D2D设备处于网络覆盖之外。
所述邻近 D2D设备为邻近区域的 D2D设备,其中邻近区域为满足事先 设定规则的区域, 即在该区域中可以发现 D2D用户设备。 所述邻近设备可 以为一个或多个, 其中多个邻近设备一般属于共同的组, 一个邻近设备一
般为: 设备上运行了和发起请求的 D2D设备相同的应用, 如社交、 游戏、 娱乐、 购物等应用, 或者设备的用户和发起请求的 D2D设备用户为朋友关 系。
所述 D2D用户设备是指: 具有 D2D发现和通信能力, 已经签约使用 D2D功能。
步骤 102, D2D用户设备向中心节点发送数据。
所述 D2D 设备首先在预设的无线资源上向中心节点发送广播请求消 息, 如果同时存在多个 D2D设备向中心节点发送请求, 则所述中心节点对 收到的请求进行排序, 排序的依据可以是收到请求的时间顺序、 发送请求 的 D2D设备的优先级、 中心节点的本地策略等。
步骤 103, 中心节点在共享信道广播数据。 集中广播流程结束。
所述中心节点接收到源 D2D设备发送的数据, 该数据为需要广播的数 据; 所述共享信道为预先指定的一块无线资源, 如在有网络覆盖时通过基 站配置的資源, 或者通过操作和维护 ( OAM, Operation And Maintenance ) 配置的资源, 所述共享信道的资源信息需要保存在每个 D2D设备的本地, 并且只在有网络覆盖时进行必要的更新。
所述中心节点在发送广播数据之前, 需要发送广播通知消息: 指示广 播数据的发送时间、 大小、 区域等信息。 所述广播通知消息在预设的无线 资源上发送。 所述无线资源釆用上行资源 (UE到 eNB ), 可以是专用的或 者通用的; 所述无线资源信息包括以下至少一种: 频率, 帧 /子帧, 重复周 期 (用于指示 D2D设备在无线资源上发送 /监听公告信息的时间间隔;), 资 源索引 (用于指示针对不同 D2D发现需求的无线资源, 如点到点、 点到多 点、 不同的设备间距离等需求)。
目标 D2D设备监听广播通知消息并在共享信道上接收广播数据。
当中心节点的广播数据发送结束, 中心节点发送广播结束指示消息。
步骤 104, D2D设备发送广播请求消息。
所述 D2D设备没有发现中心节点, 则在预设的无线资源上发送广播请 求消息。
所述广播请求消息包括以下至少一种: 源标识 (用于指示发送请求的 D2D设备), 目的标识(用于指示希望发现的目标设备, 对于广播通信, 目 的标识可以为特定的多播地址、 组标识、 组无线网络临时标识 RNTI等), 应用标识, 应用服务器标识, 组标识, 是否有网络覆盖指示, 广播范围(用 于指示广播的区域), 广播时间窗 (用于指示广播的有效时间)等。
步骤 105, D2D设备判断请求是否成功, 如果是, 则转向步骤 106, 否 则转向步骤 107。
所述 D2D设备通过以下方式判断请求是否成功: 在规定时间内收到至 少一个目标 D2D设备的接受响应消息。 如果在规定时间内没有收到任何响 应消息则确定请求失败。 当存在两个及以上 D2D设备同时发送广播请求消 息,则发生消息冲突,则只有一个或者没有 D2D设备请求成功(资源竟争)。
目标 D2D设备在预设无线资源上监听,如果监听到 D2D广播请求消息, 则通过所述无线资源向源 D2D设备发送响应消息, 响应消息用于指示目标 D2D设备接受请求, 所述响应消息通过 RRC信令发送。
步骤 106, D2D设备在共享信道广播数据。
所述 D2D设备确定广播请求成功,在预设的共享信道上发送广播数据。 所述 D2D设备在发送数据之前, 需要在预设信道上发送广播通知消息。
目标 D2D设备在预设无线资源上监听,如果监听到 D2D广播通知消息, 则进一步在共享信道上接收 D2D广播数据。
所述 D2D设备发送广播数据结束, 则发送广播结束指示消息。
步骤 107, D2D设备等待一段时间后重新发送广播请求消息。
所述 D2D设备确定广播请求失败, 则等待一段时间后重发广播请求消
息; 其中所述一段时间可以是随机长度或者根据本地预存的等待时间值。 所述 D2D设备可以发送多次同样的广播请求消息, 具体发送次数可以根据 本地预存的数值或广播数据时间窗确定。
方法实施例二: 集中式的场景。
针对有中心节点, 集中式 D2D广播的方法如图 4所示, 包括: 步骤 201, 源 D2D设备向中心节点发送广播请求消息。
所述广播请求消息为控制面信令, 所述请求消息包括以下至少一种: 源标识(用于指示发送请求的 D2D设备), 目的标识(用于指示希望发现 的目标设备, 对于广播通信, 目的标识可以为特定的多播地址、 组标识、 组无线网络临时标识 RNTI等任意一种), 应用标识, 应用服务器标识, 组 标识, 是否有网络覆盖指示, 广播范围 (用于指示广播的区域), 广播时间 窗 (用于指示广播的有效时间)等。
步骤 202, 中心节点判断是否接受广播请求,如果是, 则转向步骤 203, 否则转向步骤 209。
所述中心节点根据以下条件判断是否接受请求: 源 D2D设备是否允许 发送广播数据; 当目标 D2D设备为一组 D2D设备时, 源 D2D设备和目标 设备是否属于相同的组; 当以上条件都为是, 则可以接受请求; 否则拒绝 请求。
如果同时存在两个及以上的 D2D设备发送广播请求, 则中心节点对收 到的多个请求进行排序, 排序的依据为以下一种或多种: 收到请求的时间 先后、 发送请求的 D2D设备优先级、 中心节点的本地策略等。
步骤 203, 中心节点向源 D2D设备发送接受响应消息。
所述中心节点确定接受 D2D设备的广播请求, 所述中心节点通过控制 面信令向所述源 D2D设备发送接受响应消息, 所述响应消息在发现请求消 息指定的时间窗内发送。 如果需要源 D2D设备排队等待, 则中心节点发送
等待指示消息, 包括等待的时间等。
步骤 204, 源 D2D设备向中心节点发送数据。
所述源 D2D设备向所述中心节点发送数据, 通过用户面传送。 如果需 要等待, 则在指示的等待时间之后发送数据。
步骤 205, 中心节点发送广播数据通知消息。
所述中心节点收到数据后在预设的资源上发送广播数据通知消息, 用 于指示: 广播数据的发送时间、 广播数据大小、 发送区域等信息。
所述通知消息通过 RRC信令传送。
步骤 206, 中心节点在共享信道上广播数据。
所述中心节点在共享信道发送收到的数据。
步骤 207, 目标 D2D设备监听广播通知消息。
所述目标 D2D设备在预设的无线资源上,根据通知周期监听 D2D广播 通知消息。
步骤 208, 监听到广播通知消息的目标 D2D设备在共享信道上接收广 播数据。
如果目标 D2D设备监听到广播通知消息, 则进一步在共享信道上接收 广播数据。
步骤 209, 中心节点向源 D2D设备发送拒绝响应消息。
所述中心节点判断不支持 D2D设备广播请求,则向源 D2D设备发送拒 绝消息, 同时指明拒绝原因, 如源 D2D设备不允许发送广播数据, 或源 D2D设备和目标 D2D设备不属于相同的组, 等等。
所述拒绝消息通过控制信令传送。 如果在发现时间窗内没有收到接受 或拒绝响应消息, 则源 D2D设备认为请求失败。
在请求失败之后, 源 D2D设备根据失败原因选择重发请求消息或取消 发送请求。 重发请求需要在等待一段随机时间之后进行。
实施例三: 分布式结合的场景。
针对无中心节点, 分布式 D2D广播的场景, 实现的方法如图 5所示, 包括:
步骤 301,源 D2D用户设备在预配的无线资源发送 D2D广播请求消息。 所述预配的无线资源是指在发现之前已存储在 D2D设备上的信息, 所 述预配可以是当 D2D设备处于网络覆盖时,由网络侧 eNB配置,或者 D2D 设备制造商事先配置。 所述预配无线资源信息包括以下至少一种: 频率, 帧 /子帧, 重复周期 (用于指示 D2D设备在无线资源上发送 /监听公告信息 的时间间隔), 资源索引 (用于指示针对不同 D2D发现需求的无线资源, 如点到点、 点到多点、 不同的设备间距离等需求)。
所述广播请求消息为控制面信令, 通过 RRC信令发送; 所述请求消息 包括以下至少一种: 源标识(用于指示发送请求的 D2D设备), 目的标识 (用于指示希望发现的目标设备, 对于广播通信, 目的标识可以为特定的 多播地址、 组标识、 G-RNTI等任意一种), 应用标识, 应用服务器标识, 组标识, 是否有网络覆盖指示, 广播范围 (用于指示广播的区域), 广播时 间窗 (用于指示广播的有效时间)等。 其中, 所述 G-RNTI为 Group-Radio Network Temporary Identifier的缩写, 为组无线网络临时标识。
步骤 302, 源 D2D用户设备判断广播请求是否成功, 如果是, 转向步 骤 303, 否则转向步骤 306。
所述 D2D设备通过以下方式判断请求成功: 在规定时间内收到至少一 个目标 D2D设备的接受响应消息。 如果在规定时间内没有收到任何响应消 息则确定请求失败。 当存在两个及以上 D2D设备同时发送广播请求消息, 则发生消息冲突, 则只有一个或者没有 D2D设备请求成功。
目标 D2D设备在预设无线资源上监听,如果监听到 D2D广播请求消息, 则通过所述无线资源向源 D2D设备发送响应消息, 响应消息用于指示目标
D2D设备接受请求, 所述响应消息通过 RRC信令发送。
步骤 303, 源 D2D设备发送广播通知消息。
所述源 D2D设备确定广播请求成功, 则在预设无线资源上发送广播通 知消息, 用于指示广播数据的时间、 大小、 区域等信息。 所述广播通知消 息在广播数据发送之前可以发送多次。
目标 D2D设备在预设无线资源上监听广播通知消息。
步骤 304, 源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送广播数据。
所述源 D2D设备在预设的共享信道上发送广播数据。
步骤 305,收到广播通知消息的 D2D设备在共享信道上接收广播数据。 所述 D2D设备监听到广播数据通知消息, 然后在预设的共享信道上接 收广播数据。
步骤 306, 源 D2D设备等待一段时间后重新发送广播请求消息。
所述源 D2D设备确定广播请求失败, 等待一段随机时间后重新发送广 播请求消息, 所述 D2D设备可以发送多次同样的广播请求消息, 具体发送 次数可以根据本地预存的数值或广播数据时间窗确定。
用户设备实施例:
为了实现上述 D2D广播通信的方法, 本发明实施例还提供了一种用户 设备, 用户设备用于选择 D2D 广播发送方式(广播发送方式为集中式和 / 或分布式), 发送 D2D广播请求消息, 发送 D2D广播通知消息, 监听 D2D 广播通知消息, 接收请求响应消息, 发送 /转发 D2D广播数据, 接收 D2D 广播数据; 存储预设的用于 D2D广播的无线资源信息。
具体来说, 如图 6所示, 图 6中的 a指示的是集中式且从源 D2D设备 侧考虑的用户设备结构示意图, 包括: 第一发送子单元 11, 配置为源 D2D 设备发现存在中心节点时, 向所述中心节点发送广播请求消息; 第二发送 子单元 12, 配置为中心节点判断出接受所述广播请求消息时发送接受响应
消息; 在共享信道上转发需要广播的数据; 以及中心节点判断出不接受所 述广播请求消息时发送拒绝响应消息; 第一接收子单元 13, 配置为接收所 述接受响应消息; 以及接收所述拒绝响应消息; 排序子单元 14, 配置为同 时存在两个及以上的源 D2D设备发送所述广播请求消息时, 对收到的多个 所述广播请求消息进行排序。
图 6中的 b指示的是集中式且从目标 D2D设备侧考虑的用户设备结构 示意图, 包括: 第一监听子单元 21, 配置为监听到广播通知消息; 第二接 收子单元 22, 配置为在共享信道上接收广播数据。
具体来说, 如图 7所示, 图 7中的 c指示的是分布式且从源 D2D设备 侧考虑的用户设备结构示意图, 包括: 第三发送子单元 31, 配置为源 D2D 设备发现不存在中心节点时, 发送广播请求消息; 源 D2D设备判断出广播 请求成功时, 在共享信道上发送需要广播的数据; 以及源 D2D设备判断出 广播请求失败时, 等待指定时间后重新发送广播请求消息; 第三接收子单 元 32, 配置为接收目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 若在指定时间内收 到至少一个目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 则说明广播请求成功并通 知所述第三发送子单元; 若在指定时间内未收到至少一个目标 D2D设备发 送的接受响应消息, 则说明广播请求失败并通知所述第三发送子单元。
图 7中的 d指示的是分布式且从目标 D2D设备侧考虑的用户设备结构 示意图, 包括: 第二监听子单元 41, 配置为监听到广播请求消息; 第四发 送子单元 42, 配置为向源 D2D设备发送接受响应消息, 所述接受响应消息 配置为指示目标 D2D设备接受源 D2D设备的广播请求; 第三监听子单元 43, 配置为监听到广播通知消息; 第四接收子单元 44, 配置为在共享信道 上接收广播数据。
这里需要指出的是, 图 6和图 7所示的用户设备中还包括存储子单元, 用于存储预设的用于 D2D广播的无线资源信息, 图中并未体现。
本发明实施例所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为 独立的产品销售或使用时, 也可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。 基于这样的理解, 本发明实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出 贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来, 该计算机软件产品存储在一 个存储介质中, 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算 机、 服务器、 或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或 部分。 而前述的存储介质包括: U盘、 移动硬盘、 只读存储器 (ROM, Read-Only Memory ), 随机存取存 4诸器 ( RAM, Random Access Memory )、 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。 这样, 本发明实施例不限 制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
相应的, 本发明实施例还提供一种计算机存储介质, 其中存储有计算 机程序, 该计算机程序用于执行本发明实施例的 D2D广播通信的方法。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。 工业实用性
本发明实施例以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播 通信, 通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据; 或者, 以分布式进行在网络 覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播 数据。 釆用本发明实施例, 实现了在网络覆盖区域外的 D2D广播通信。
Claims
1、 一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过中 心节点在共享信道上广播数据。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 所述以集中式进行在网络覆盖 区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信,通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据, 包括:
源 D2D设备发现存在中心节点时,所述源 D2D设备向所述中心节点发 送广播请求消息;
中心节点判断出接受所述广播请求消息时发送接受响应消息, 所述源 D2D设备接收所述接受响应消息, 源 D2D设备通过中心节点在共享信道上 转发需要广播的数据;
中心节点判断出不接受所述广播请求消息时发送拒绝响应消息, 所述 源 D2D设备接收所述拒绝响应消息。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述源 D2D设备通过中心节 点在共享信道上转发需要广播的数据, 包括:
所述中心节点接收到所述需要广播的数据, 在共享信道上转发所述需 要广播的数据之前, 中心节点发送广播通知消息;
所述中心节点在共享信道上转发所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广播 的数据发送结束, 中心节点发送广播结束指示消息。
4、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的方法, 其中, 所述共享信道为预 设的无线资源;
所述预设的无线资源为用于 D2D广播通信的无线资源信息, 存储于每 个 D2D设备的本地。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中, 所述预设的无线资源包括: 频
率、 帧 /子帧、 重复周期、 资源索引中的至少一种资源。
6、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述广播请求消息包括: 源标 识、 目的标识、 应用标识、 应用服务器标识、 组标识、 是否有网络覆盖指 示、 广播范围、 广播时间窗中的至少一种信息。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的方法, 其中, 所述中心节点为指 定的 D2D设备;
所述指定的 D2D设备在有网络覆盖时, 由网络节点指定为中心节点; 或者,
所述指定的 D2D设备在无网络覆盖时, 自身声明为中心节点且得到其 他 D2D设备的同意。
8、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述中心节点判断出接受所述 广播请求消息的依据, 包括:
条件一: 源 D2D设备是否允许发送广播数据;
条件二: 目标 D2D设备为一组 D2D设备时, 源 D2D设备和目标设备 是否属于相同的组;
若所述条件一和所述条件二都为是, 则所述中心节点判断出接受所述 广播请求消息, 否则拒绝请求。
9、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中, 所述方法还包括: 同时存在两 个及以上的源 D2D设备发送所述广播请求消息时, 中心节点对收到的多个 所述广播请求消息进行排序。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其中, 所述中心节点对收到的多个 所述广播请求消息进行排序的依据, 包括: 收到请求的时间先后、 发送广 播请求消息的源 D2D设备的优先级、 中心节点的本地策略中的至少一种情 况。
11、 一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D 广播通信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在共享信道上广播的数据。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其中, 所述以集中式进行在网络覆 盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信,目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在 共享信道上广播的数据, 包括:
所述目标 D2D设备监听到广播通知消息,所述目标 D2D设备在共享信 道上接收广播数据。
13、 一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第一处理单元, 配置为以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过中心节点在共享信道上广播数据。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的设备, 其中, 所述第一处理单元, 包括: 第一发送子单元, 配置为源 D2D设备发现存在中心节点时, 向所述中 心节点发送广播请求消息;
第二发送子单元, 配置为中心节点判断出接受所述广播请求消息时发 送接受响应消息; 在共享信道上转发需要广播的数据; 以及中心节点判断 出不接受所述广播请求消息时发送拒绝响应消息;
第一接收子单元, 配置为接收所述接受响应消息; 以及接收所述拒绝 响应消息。
15、 根据权利要求 13所述的设备, 其中, 所述第二发送子单元, 还配 置为所述中心节点接收到所述需要广播的数据, 在共享信道上转发所述需 要广播的数据之前发送广播通知消息; 以及在共享信道上转发所述需要广 播的数据, 所述需要广播的数据发送结束后发送广播结束指示消息。
16、 根据权利要求 13至 15任一项所述的设备, 其中, 所述第一处理 单元, 还包括:
排序子单元, 配置为同时存在两个及以上的源 D2D设备发送所述广播
请求消息时, 对收到的多个所述广播请求消息进行排序。
17、 一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第二处理单元, 配置为以集中式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备
D2D广播通信,目标 D2D设备接收通过中心节点在共享信道上广播的数据。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的设备, 其中, 所述第二处理单元, 包括: 第一监听子单元, 配置为监听到广播通知消息;
第二接收子单元, 配置为在共享信道上接收广播数据。
19、 一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过资 源竟争在共享信道上广播数据。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的方法, 其中, 所述以分布式进行在网络覆 盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播数 据, 包括:
源 D2D设备发现不存在中心节点时, 源 D2D设备发送广播请求消息; 源 D2D设备判断出广播请求成功时,源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送需 要广播的数据;
源 D2D设备判断出广播请求失败时, 等待指定时间后重新发送广播请 求消息。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述的方法, 其中, 所述源 D2D设备在共享信 道上发送需要广播的数据, 包括:
所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据之前, 发送广 播通知消息;
所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广 播的数据发送结束, 所述源 D2D设备发送广播结束指示消息。
22、 根据权利要求 19至 21任一项所述的方法, 其中, 所述共享信道
为预设的无线资源;
所述预设的无线资源为用于 D2D广播通信的无线资源信息, 存储于每 个 D2D设备的本地。
23、 根据权利要求 22所述的方法, 其中, 所述预设的无线资源包括: 频率、 帧 /子帧、 重复周期、 资源索引中的至少一种资源。
24、 根据权利要求 20所述的方法, 其中, 所述广播请求消息包括: 源 标识、 目的标识、 应用标识、 应用 良务器标识、 组标识、 是否有网络覆盖 指示、 广播范围、 广播时间窗中的至少一种信息。
25、 根据权利要求 20所述的方法, 其中, 所述源 D2D设备判断出广 播请求成功的依据, 包括:
在指定时间内收到至少一个目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息; 若收到所述接受响应消息, 则广播请求成功, 否则, 广播请求失败。
26、 根据权利要求 25所述的方法, 其中, 所述方法还包括: 当存在两 个及以上源 D2D设备同时发送广播请求消息, 发生消息冲突, 则通过资源 竟争的方式只有一个源 D2D设备或者没有任何源 D2D设备请求成功。
27、 一种设备到设备广播通信的方法, 所述方法包括:
以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D 广播通信, 目标 D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播的数据。
28、 根据权利要求 27所述的方法, 其中, 所述以分布式进行在网络覆 盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信,目标 D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在 共享信道上广播的数据, 包括:
所述目标 D2D设备监听到广播请求消息,向源 D2D设备发送接受响应 消息,所述接受响应消息用于指示目标 D2D设备接受源 D2D设备的广播请 求;
所述目标 D2D设备监听到广播通知消息,所述目标 D2D设备在共享信
道上接收广播数据。
29、 一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第三处理单元, 配置为以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备 D2D广播通信, 通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播数据。
30、 根据权利要求 29所述的设备, 其中, 所述第三处理单元, 包括: 第三发送子单元, 配置为源 D2D设备发现不存在中心节点时, 发送广 播请求消息; 源 D2D设备判断出广播请求成功时, 在共享信道上发送需要 广播的数据; 以及源 D2D设备判断出广播请求失败时, 等待指定时间后重 新发送广播请求消息。
31、 根据权利要求 30所述的设备, 其中, 所述第三发送子单元, 还配 置为所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据之前, 发送广 播通知消息;以及所述源 D2D设备在共享信道上发送所述需要广播的数据, 所述需要广播的数据发送结束后发送广播结束指示消息。
32、根据权利要求 30所述的设备, 其中, 所述第三处理单元, 还包括: 第三接收子单元, 配置为接收目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 若 在指定时间内收到至少一个目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 则说明广 播请求成功并通知所述第三发送子单元; 若在指定时间内未收到至少一个 目标 D2D设备发送的接受响应消息, 则说明广播请求失败并通知所述第三 发送子单元。
33、 根据权利要求 32所述的设备, 其中, 所述第三发送子单元, 还配 置为当存在两个及以上源 D2D设备同时发送广播请求消息, 发生消息冲突 时,通过资源竟争的方式只有一个源 D2D设备或者没有任何源 D2D设备请 求成功来决定是否发送数据。
34、 一种用户设备, 所述设备包括:
第四处理单元, 配置为以分布式进行在网络覆盖区域外的设备到设备
D2D广播通信,目标 D2D设备接收通过资源竟争在共享信道上广播的数据。
35、 根据权利要求 34所述的设备, 其中, 所述第四处理单元, 包括: 第二监听子单元, 配置为监听到广播请求消息;
第四发送子单元, 配置为向源 D2D设备发送接受响应消息, 所述接受 响应消息用于指示目标 D2D设备接受源 D2D设备的广播请求;
第三监听子单元, 配置为监听到广播通知消息;
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|---|---|
| EP3104629A1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
| US20170142558A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
| EP3104629B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
| CN104837108B (zh) | 2019-12-31 |
| EP3104629A4 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| US9992635B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
| CN104837108A (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
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