WO2015127876A1 - 双极化天线及天线阵列 - Google Patents

双极化天线及天线阵列 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015127876A1
WO2015127876A1 PCT/CN2015/073112 CN2015073112W WO2015127876A1 WO 2015127876 A1 WO2015127876 A1 WO 2015127876A1 CN 2015073112 W CN2015073112 W CN 2015073112W WO 2015127876 A1 WO2015127876 A1 WO 2015127876A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission line
dielectric plate
antenna
plate
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/073112
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨仕文
苟俨山
王强
陈卫民
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020167026165A priority Critical patent/KR101857513B1/ko
Priority to JP2016553809A priority patent/JP6345263B2/ja
Priority to EP15755716.6A priority patent/EP3098903B1/en
Publication of WO2015127876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015127876A1/zh
Priority to US15/247,636 priority patent/US10418725B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly to a dual-polarized antenna and an antenna array.
  • the wireless communication system includes an uplink (UL) and a downlink (DL).
  • a base station (BS) can send a signal to a user equipment (UE) through a downlink, and the user equipment can send a signal to the base station through an uplink.
  • BS base station
  • UE user equipment
  • uplink uplink
  • downlink downlink
  • duplex modes used in wireless communication systems include frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD).
  • FDD frequency division duplexing
  • TDD time division duplexing
  • different carrier frequencies are used in the uplink and the downlink, and the uplink signal and the downlink signal are separated by the frequency protection interval, so that full-duplex communication at different frequencies can be realized simultaneously
  • time division duplex mode Different communication times are used in the uplink and downlink, and the received signal and the transmitted signal are separated by the time guard interval, so that half-duplex communication at the same frequency can be realized.
  • Time-division duplex mode uses a very short time protection interval compared to user experience time and is sometimes considered to support full-duplex communication.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a wireless communication system in the prior art.
  • the base station transmits the radio frequency signal S F. 1, the user equipment 1 at time T 1; uplink, the user equipment transmits a radio signal S 2 of frequency F 2 to the base station at the time T 2.
  • the frequency F 1 and the frequency F 2 are different, and there is a frequency protection interval between the uplink and the downlink, which can realize full-duplex communication of different frequencies at the same time; when using time division duplex, T 1 The time is different from the T 2 time, and there is a time guard interval between the uplink and the downlink, so that half-duplex communication at the same frequency can be realized.
  • the base station receives the self-interference signal S′ 1 of the same frequency when receiving the wireless signal S 2 sent by the user equipment.
  • the interference signal S ' may be regarded as a radio signal transmitted from base station S 1 of the portion;
  • the user equipment transmits the wireless signal S is received at the base station 1 also receives signals from interfering with the frequency of S' 2. Due to the rapid fading of the wireless signal in space, the strength of the self-interference signal from the local is usually much greater than the strength of the wireless signal from the far end, and the base station and the user equipment cannot accurately receive the signal while transmitting the signal. Therefore, wireless communication systems are generally considered to be unable to support co-frequency and simultaneous full-duplex communication until the advent of full duplex technology.
  • the uplink and downlink use the same time and frequency, and the spectral efficiency can be doubled.
  • full-duplex technology is still in the research and experimental stage. How to effectively reduce the impact of local self-interference signals on receiving remote wireless signals is still a key technical problem that full-duplex technology needs to solve.
  • the current research direction mainly includes two types, one is to eliminate local self-interference signals through signal processing in the RF module, and the other is to optimize at the antenna to reduce the strength of the local self-interference signal entering the RF module.
  • the antenna system is often physically isolated by the antenna to isolate the transmitted signal and the received signal.
  • the isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas can be increased by increasing the physical distance between the receiving antenna (Rx antenna) and the transmitting antenna (Tx antenna).
  • Rx antenna receiving antenna
  • Tx antenna transmitting antenna
  • the invention provides a dual-polarized antenna and an antenna array with high antenna port isolation.
  • a dual polarized antenna includes a ground plane (10), a feed (20), and Radiation board (50), where:
  • the feeding portion (20) is configured to feed an electromagnetic wave signal to the radiation plate (50), and includes a first feeding portion (30) and a second feeding portion (40), wherein the grounding plate is disposed at the a bottom of the feeding portion (20), the radiant panel (50) is disposed at the top of the feeding portion (20);
  • the first power feeding portion (30) includes a first dielectric plate (32), a first feeding layer (34), and a first transmission line (36), and the first feeding layer (34) is disposed on the first a surface of a dielectric plate (32), the first transmission line (36) is disposed on the other surface of the first dielectric plate (32) and is provided with a first port (360), the first port is used for Feeding a signal to the first power feeder;
  • the second feeding portion (40) includes a second dielectric plate (42), a second feeding layer (44), and a second transmission line (46), and the second feeding layer (44) is disposed on the first a surface of the two dielectric plates (42), the second transmission line (46) is disposed on the other surface of the second dielectric plate (42) and is provided with a second port (460) for the second port Feeding a signal to the second power feeder;
  • the first dielectric plate (32) and the second dielectric plate (42) are vertically mounted to the ground plate (10), and the first dielectric plate (32) and the second dielectric plate (42) Placed vertically, the first transmission line (36) and the second transmission line (46) are isolated from each other.
  • the first dielectric plate (32) is provided with a first opening (320), and the first opening (320) is from the first
  • the bottom of the dielectric plate (32) extends toward the top
  • the second dielectric plate (42) is provided with a second opening (420)
  • the second opening (420) is from the top of the second dielectric plate (42)
  • the bottom portion extends, and the first dielectric plate (32) and the second dielectric plate (42) are combined at the first opening (320) and the second opening (420) so as to be vertically placed.
  • the first feeding layer (34) is provided with a first groove (342), the A recess (342) extends from the top of the first feed layer (34) to the middle and includes a first slot (340) and a second slot (341) in communication with the first slot (340), The first opening (320) extends through the second slot (341) to the first slot (340); the second feed layer (44) is provided with a second recess (442) The second groove (442) extends from the top of the second feed layer (44) to the middle, and includes a third groove (440) and a fourth groove (441) communicating with the third groove (440) The second opening (420) extends into the third slot (440).
  • the radiant panel (50) includes a radiant layer (54), the radiant layer (54) is disposed on a lower surface of the radiant panel (50), and the feeding portion (20) passes A coupled manner feeds a signal to the radiation layer (54).
  • the radiation layer (54) is a positive 4N edge, a positive 4N edge ring, a circle or a ring Shape, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the first port (360) is disposed on the first transmission line (36) And extending from the bottom of the first dielectric plate (32) to the top; wherein the first transmission line (36) further includes a first segment transmission line (362) and a second segment transmission line (364) And a third length of transmission line (366) extending from an end of the first port (360) toward the top of the first dielectric panel (32) and with the An opening (320) is parallel, the second segment transmission line (364) spans from above the first opening (320) and is vertically connected to the first segment transmission line (362), the third segment transmission line (366) Opening from the end of the second length of transmission line (364) to the bottom of the first dielectric panel (32).
  • the second port (460) is disposed on the second transmission line (46) And extending from the bottom of the second dielectric plate (42) toward the top.
  • the second transmission line (46) includes a fourth segment transmission line (462), a fifth segment transmission line (464), and a sixth segment transmission line (466), and the fourth segment transmission line (462) is from the second port.
  • An end of (460) extends toward the top of the second dielectric plate (42) and is parallel to the second opening (420), the fifth segment transmission line (464) and the fourth segment transmission line (462) Vertically connected, the sixth length of transmission line (466) extends perpendicularly from the end of the fifth length of transmission line (464) to the bottom of the second dielectric panel (42).
  • the middle of the fifth segment transmission line (464) is toward the second dielectric panel (42)
  • the bottom direction is bent to form a bent portion to prevent the second opening (420) from penetrating the fifth segment transmission line (464).
  • the dual-polarized antenna (100) further includes a pair of connectors (60), one of the connectors (60) is electrically connected to the first port (360), and the other of the connectors (60) is electrically connected to the second port (460), A signal is fed to the first power feeding portion (30) and the second power feeding portion (40).
  • an antenna array comprising any one of the first to ninth possible implementations of the first aspect or the first aspect and a pair of outer casings (220).
  • Each of the outer casings (220) is secured to the ground plate (212) and includes a plurality of partition walls (222) that form a fence for enclosing the antennas (210).
  • the antenna array (200) further includes a grounding strip array (320) between the two outer casings (220) for lifting Isolation between different antennas (210).
  • the grounding strip array (320) includes two sets of axisymmetric grounding strips, the axisymmetric middle The axis is located on a pair of perpendicular bisectors of the dual polarized antenna (210); the height and length of each set of ground straps are decreased from the outer side to the inner side, the outer side being adjacent to the dual polarized antenna (210), the inner side Close to the axisymmetric central axis.
  • the ground strip is a metal strip or a ferrite strip
  • the ground strip array (320) is a metal strip.
  • each of the housings (220) includes a plurality of card slots (312), the grounding plate (10) A plurality of card blocks (332) are provided, and the card blocks (332) are snapped into the card slots (312) to fix the outer casing (220) to the ground plate (10).
  • the antenna array (200) further includes a radome (230)
  • the radome (230) covers the antenna array (200).
  • an antenna array comprising a pair of antennas and a ground strip array (320), each antenna comprising a ground plane (330), the ground strip array (320) being fixed to the ground plane ( 330) is located between the two antennas (210) for improving port isolation between different antennas.
  • the antenna array (200) further includes a pair of outer casings (220), each of which is external
  • the shell (220) is fixed to the ground plate (330) and includes a plurality of partition walls (222), the partition wall (222) forming a fence for surrounding each of the antennas, the ground strip array (320) ) between two of the outer casings (220).
  • the grounding strip array (320) includes two sets of axisymmetric grounding strips, the axisymmetric middle The axis is located on a pair of vertical bisectors of the dual-polarized antenna; the height and length of each set of grounding strips are decreased from the outside to the inside, the outer side being close to the dual-polarized antenna, the inner side being close to the axisymmetric The central axis.
  • the ground strip is a metal strip or a ferrite strip
  • the ground strip array (320) is a metal strip.
  • each of the housings (220) includes a plurality of card slots (312), the grounding plate (10) A plurality of card blocks (332) are provided, and the card blocks (332) are snapped into the card slots (312) to fix the outer casing (220) to the ground plate (10).
  • the antenna array (200) further includes a radome (230)
  • the radome (230) covers the antenna array (200).
  • Each of the outer casings (220) includes a plurality of card slots (312), and the grounding plate (10) is provided with a plurality of card blocks (332), and the card blocks (332) are snapped into the card slots (312). To fix the outer casing (220) to the ground plate (330).
  • the dual-polarized antenna or the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a vertically placed feed network, and after the first port and the second port feed the signal, respectively, may be generated parallel to the first dielectric plate and the The electromagnetic waves of the second dielectric plate are perpendicular to the polarization directions of the electromagnetic waves coupled to the radiation plate, thereby ensuring high isolation between the antenna ports.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a wireless communication system in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the assembly of a dual-polarized antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the first power feeder shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the first feeding portion shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the second power feeder shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the second feeding portion shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of voltage standing wave ratio simulation of the dual polarized antenna shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation simulation between the first port and the second port of the dual-polarized antenna shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 9 is an assembled perspective view of an antenna array according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a partially assembled perspective schematic view of the antenna array shown in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation simulation of the same-polarized ports of different antennas of the antenna array shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 12 is an assembled perspective view of an antenna array according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a partially assembled perspective schematic view of the antenna array shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of the radome shown in Figure 12;
  • 15 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation simulation of the same-polarized ports of different antennas of the antenna array shown in FIG.
  • the dual-polarized antenna 100 includes a grounding plate 10, a feeding portion 20, and a radiant panel 50.
  • the grounding plate 10 is disposed at a bottom of the feeding portion 20, and the radiant panel 50 is disposed at the feeding portion 20. top.
  • the power feeding unit 20 is configured to feed an electromagnetic wave signal to the radiation board 50, and includes a first power feeding unit 30 and a second power feeding unit 40.
  • the first power feeding unit 30 includes a first dielectric board. 32.
  • the first feeding layer 34 and the first transmission line 36 are disposed on a surface of the first dielectric plate 32, and the first transmission line 36 is disposed on the first dielectric plate 32.
  • the other surface is provided with a first port 360
  • the second feeding portion 40 includes a second dielectric plate 42, a second feeding layer 44 and a second transmission line 46, and the second feeding layer 44 is disposed at the One surface of the second dielectric plate 42 is disposed on the other surface of the second dielectric plate 42 and is provided with a second port 460, the first dielectric plate 32 and the second medium
  • the board 42 is vertically mounted to the ground plane 10, and the first dielectric board 32 and the second dielectric board 42 are vertically placed, and the first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 are isolated from each other.
  • first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are vertically disposed.
  • first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are vertically orthogonally mounted to the ground plate 10, and the vertical orthogonality includes the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 intersect perpendicularly at the center of one of the dielectric plates or perpendicularly at the center of the two media plates for better structural symmetry.
  • the structures of the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 may be the same, for example, the length, the width and the thickness of the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are partially the same or All the same.
  • the first feed layer 34 and the second feed layer 44 may be metal patch structures.
  • the first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 may be microstrip transmission lines.
  • the first feed layer 34 and the first transmission line 36 form a first feed network
  • the second feed layer 44 and the second transmission line 46 form a second feed network
  • the first feed The network and the second feed network are used to feed electromagnetic wave signals to the radiant panel 50.
  • first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 may be printed circuit boards, and the first feeding layer 34 and the first transmission line 36 may be printed on the first dielectric plate 32.
  • the second feed layer 44 and the second transmission line 46 are printed on the second dielectric plate 42.
  • the dual-polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a vertically placed feed network, and after the first port and the second port feed the signal, respectively, may be generated parallel to the first medium plate and the second medium, respectively.
  • the electromagnetic wave of the plate, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the radiation plate is perpendicular to each other, ensuring high isolation between the antenna ports, and when the first feed network is placed perpendicularly perpendicular to the second feed network, due to the feeding
  • the structural symmetry of the network when one of the ports is fed, the energy of the corresponding feed network coupled to the other port is greatly weakened, and the isolation between the antenna ports can be further improved.
  • the first dielectric plate 32 is provided with a first opening 320, and the first opening 320 is from the bottom of the first dielectric plate 32.
  • the second dielectric plate 42 is provided with a second opening 420 extending from the top to the bottom of the second dielectric plate 42 A dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are joined at the first opening 320 and the second opening 420 so as to be placed perpendicular to each other.
  • the first dielectric plate 32 has a first opening 320 at a lower portion thereof
  • the second dielectric plate 42 has a second opening 420 at an upper portion thereof.
  • the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are both rectangular.
  • the first opening 320 extends from the middle of the bottom of the first dielectric plate 32 to the top, that is, the first opening 320 is located at a lower middle portion of the first dielectric plate 32.
  • the second opening 420 extends from the top middle to the bottom of the second dielectric plate 42 , that is, the second opening 420 is located in the middle of the upper portion of the second dielectric plate 42 .
  • the first dielectric plate 32 When installed, the first dielectric plate 32 is inserted into the second opening 420 of the second dielectric plate 42 from the first opening 320, while the first opening 320 is located in the lower middle of the first dielectric plate 32.
  • the second opening 420 is located in the upper middle portion of the second dielectric plate 42 such that the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are vertically orthogonally placed for better structural symmetry.
  • the first opening 320 may not be limited to be located in the lower middle portion of the first dielectric plate 32, that is, the first opening 320 is opened on the right side of the first dielectric plate 32 or Left side.
  • the second opening 420 may not be defined in the middle of the upper portion of the second dielectric plate 42 , that is, the second opening 420 is opened on the right side or the left side of the second dielectric plate 42 .
  • the first feeding layer 34 may be provided with a first groove 342, and the first groove 342 is The top of the first feeding layer 34 extends in the middle and includes a first slot 340 and a second slot 341 communicating with the first slot 340, the first opening 320 extending through the second slot 341 to The first slot 340.
  • the first groove 342 is an inverted T-shaped groove, and the second groove 341 is symmetrically designed with respect to the axis of the first groove 340.
  • the axis of the first slot 340 coincides with the axis of the first opening 320.
  • the second feed layer 44 may also be provided with a second recess 442 from the second feed layer 44.
  • the top portion extends in the middle and includes a third slot 440 and a fourth slot 441 in communication with the third slot 440, the second opening 420 extending into the third slot 440.
  • the second groove 442 is an inverted T-shaped groove
  • the fourth groove 441 is symmetrically designed with respect to the axis of the third groove 440. Wherein, the axis of the third groove 440 and the axis of the second opening 420 coincide.
  • first groove 342 and the second groove 442 may also have other shapes such as a cross shape, an I shape, an E shape, a C shape, and the like, the first groove 342 and the first
  • the two recesses 442 can refer to the inverted T-slot design described above, and are axially symmetric with respect to the first opening 320 and the second opening 420, respectively.
  • the top and bottom of the first dielectric plate 32 may be flush with the top and bottom of the second dielectric plate 42 to facilitate The first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are mounted to the ground plate 10.
  • the radiant panel 50 includes a third dielectric plate 52 and a radiation layer 54, the radiation layer 54 is disposed at the bottom of the third dielectric plate 52, and the lower surface of the radiation layer 54 is The upper surface of the top portion of the first dielectric plate 32 and the upper surface of the top portion of the second dielectric plate 42 are in close contact with each other.
  • the radiant panel 50 is disposed at the top of the feeding portion 20 and can be placed perpendicular to the feeding portion 20.
  • the radiant panel 50 can be a printed circuit board, and the radiant layer 54 is printed on the bottom of the third dielectric panel 52.
  • the third dielectric panel 52 is square and the radiation layer 54 is a printed metal patch structure.
  • the radiation layer 54 may also be a positive 4N-sided, a positive 4N-sided annular, circular or circular, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the radiation layer 54 has a positive 4N edge shape, a positive 4N side ring shape, a circular shape or a circular ring shape, the standing wave characteristics of the first port 360 and the second port 460 and the pattern characteristics when feeding respectively are substantially the same.
  • the radiant panel 50 may be devoid of the third dielectric panel 52, ie, the radiant panel 50 includes only the radiant layer 54.
  • the radiation layer 54 is printed on top of the third dielectric panel 52.
  • the upper surface of the top of the first dielectric plate 32 and the upper surface of the top of the second dielectric plate 42 are in close contact with the bottom surface of the radiation layer 54.
  • the first feed network and the second feed network can feed electromagnetic wave signals to the radiation layer 54 by means of coupling, that is, The feed unit 20 feeds a signal to the radiation layer 54 by means of coupling.
  • energy is coupled to the first feed layer 34 via the first transmission line 36, thereby generating a vortex electric field, and a horizontal magnetic field is excited in the normal direction of the first feed layer 34, the energy of which passes through the first
  • the first recess 342 of the feed layer 34 is coupled to the radiating layer 54 for radiation.
  • energy is coupled to the second feed layer 44 via the second transmission line 46 to generate a vortex electric field that is excited in the normal direction of the second feed layer 44, ie, horizontally, and the energy passes through the second
  • the second recess 442 of the feed layer 44 is coupled to the radiating layer 54 for radiation.
  • the first port 360 is provided at an end of the first transmission line 36 and extends from the bottom of the first dielectric plate 32 toward the top.
  • the first transmission line 36 includes a first segment transmission line 362, a second segment transmission line 364, and a third segment transmission line 366, the first segment transmission line 362 from the first An end of the port 360 extends toward the top of the first dielectric plate 32 and is parallel to the first opening 320, and the second length of transmission line 364 spans from above the first opening 320 and is first
  • the segment transmission lines 362 are vertically connected, and the third segment transmission line 366 extends perpendicularly from the end of the second segment transmission line 364 toward the bottom of the first dielectric plate 32.
  • the second segment transmission line 364 spans from above the first opening 320, meaning that the first opening 320 does not extend to the second segment transmission line of the first transmission line 36. 364.
  • the width of the first port 360 is greater than the width of the first segment transmission line 362, the first segment transmission line 362, the second segment transmission line 364, and the third segment transmission line 366.
  • the width of the three is the same.
  • the length of the first length of transmission line 362 is greater than the length of the third length of transmission line 366.
  • the second port 460 is disposed at an end of the second transmission line 46 and extends from the bottom of the second dielectric plate 42 toward the top.
  • the second transmission line 46 includes a fourth segment transmission line 462, a fifth segment transmission line 464, and a sixth segment transmission line 466, and the fourth segment transmission line 462 is from the second An end of the port 460 extends toward the top of the second dielectric plate 42 and is parallel to the second opening 420, and the fifth segment transmission line 464 is vertically connected to the fourth segment transmission line 462, the sixth segment A transmission line 466 extends perpendicularly from the end of the fifth length of transmission line 464 to the bottom of the second dielectric panel 42.
  • the width of the second port 460 is greater than the width of the fourth segment transmission line 462, the fourth segment transmission line 462, the fifth segment transmission line 464, and the sixth segment transmission line 466.
  • the width of the three is the same.
  • the length of the fourth segment transmission line 462 is greater than the length of the sixth segment transmission line 466.
  • the middle of the fifth length transmission line 464 is bent toward the bottom direction of the second dielectric plate 42 to form a bent portion to prevent the second opening 420 from penetrating the fifth segment.
  • the transmission line 464, that is, the second opening 420 does not pass through the second transmission line 46.
  • the first opening 320 does not extend to the second segment transmission line 364 of the first transmission line 36, and the second opening 420 does not pass through the second transmission line 46.
  • the first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 are on the first dielectric plate 32 and the second medium
  • the plates 42 are not in contact at the intersection, i.e., the first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 are isolated from each other such that the first port 360 and the second port 460 are isolated from each other.
  • first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 may also Other shapes, such as C-shaped, L-shaped, but the general principle is: when the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are vertically placed, the first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 No contact, that is, the first transmission line 36 and the second transmission line 46 are isolated from each other.
  • the dual-polarized antenna 100 further includes a pair of connectors 60 for feeding signals to the first feed layer 34 and the second feed layer 44, one of the connections The 60 is electrically coupled to the first port 360 and the other connector 60 is electrically coupled to the second port 460.
  • one of the connectors (60) is electrically connected to the first port (360), the other of the connectors (60) and the second port (460) Electrical connection, specifically by means of over-welding.
  • the connector 60 is a radio frequency connector, and may also be referred to as a microwave high frequency connector or a microwave connector, such as SMA (Sub-Miniature-A).
  • the connector has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.
  • the first feed network and the second feed network couple the feed of the radiation layer 54 by attaching the SMA.
  • the microwave signal is fed by one of the SMAs, and the energy is coupled to the first feed layer 34 via the first transmission line 36, thereby generating a vortex electric field, which is excited in the normal direction of the first feed layer 34, that is, horizontally.
  • a horizontal magnetic field whose energy is coupled to the radiation layer 54 through the first recess 342 of the first feed layer 34 is radiated.
  • the microwave signal is fed by another SMA, and energy is coupled to the second feed layer 44 via the second transmission line 46, thereby generating a vortex electric field that is excited in the normal direction of the second feed layer 44, ie, horizontally.
  • a horizontal magnetic field whose energy is coupled to the radiation layer 54 through the second recess 442 of the second feed layer 44 is radiated.
  • the grounding plate 10 may be a nickel-plated aluminum plate, and the connector 60 is fixed to the aluminum plate.
  • the ground plate 10 provides grounding on the one hand and a reflecting surface on the other hand, so that the backward radiation of the dual polarized antenna 100 is reflected to the main radiation direction, thereby improving the front-back ratio and gain of the dual-polarized antenna 100.
  • the lower surface of the bottom of the first dielectric plate 32 and the lower surface of the bottom of the second dielectric plate 42 may be in close contact with the upper surface of the ground plate 10.
  • the dual polarized antenna 100 further includes a plurality of fixing posts 70,
  • the fixing post 70 is mounted on the grounding plate 10 for supporting the radiant panel 50.
  • the fixing posts 70 are four and are nylon columns.
  • the first dielectric plate 32 and the second dielectric plate 42 are vertically orthogonally placed and fixed to the ground plate 10, and the radiation plate 50 is placed on top of the fixing post 70 and the radiation is
  • the lower surface of the layer 54 is in close contact with the upper surface of the top of the first dielectric plate 32 and the upper surface of the top of the second dielectric plate 42.
  • the dual polarized antenna 100 has a width of 90 mm, a length of 90 mm, and a height of 30 mm.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) simulation of the dual-polarized antenna 100 of the present invention.
  • the solid line is a schematic diagram of the voltage standing wave ratio simulation of the first port 360
  • the broken line is A schematic diagram of the voltage standing wave ratio simulation of the second port 460.
  • the dual-polarized antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present invention has a wide operating bandwidth. In the frequency range of 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz, the voltage standing wave ratios of the first port 360 and the second port 460 are both less than 1.5.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation simulation between the first port 360 and the second port 460 of the dual-polarized antenna 100 of the present invention, showing the transmission coefficient of the second port 460 to the first port 360.
  • the dual-polarized antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present invention has a high port isolation. In the frequency range of 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz, the isolation between the first port 360 and the second port 460 is less than -55 dB. .
  • the first feeding network and the second feeding network use the coupling feeding method to electromagnetically feed the radiation layer, and when one of the feeding networks feeds, When a feed network is fed, current is coupled to the first feed layer 34 via the first transmission line 36, and the electric field is strongest on both sides of the first recess 342 of the first feed layer 34, and is in the first recess 342
  • the opposite sides of the first feed network and the second feed network are symmetrically coupled, and the energy of the two sides of the first recess 342 is coupled to the second recess 442.
  • the two energy offsets that is, when one of the feed networks feeds, the energy coupled to the other feed network is greatly weakened, thereby achieving high isolation characteristics.
  • the first feed network and the second feed network of the dual-polarized antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present invention adopt a symmetric electromagnetic coupling feed network, so that the energy coupling between the two feed networks is greatly weakened.
  • the isolation between ports is further improved.
  • the antenna array 200 includes a pair of antennas 210 and a pair of outer casings 220.
  • the structure of the antennas 210 is the same as that of the dual-polarized antenna 100 in the first embodiment.
  • the outer casing 220 is fixed to the grounding plate 212 and A plurality of partition walls 222 are included, and the partition walls 222 form a fence for enclosing the antennas 210 to improve co-polarization port isolation and cross-polarization port isolation between different antennas 210 in the antenna array 200. degree.
  • the radiation directivity of the antenna 210 can be increased, and the radiant energy in the direction between the two antennas 210 is weakened, thereby between the two antennas 210.
  • the energy coupling is also reduced, i.e., the co-polar port isolation and cross-polar port isolation between the antennas 210 are increased.
  • the outer casing is a metal frame and is welded to the ground plate 212.
  • the antenna array 200 further includes a radome 230 covering the antenna array 200 for dustproof, waterproof, and protecting the internal structure of the antenna array 200, and the antenna array 200 Beautiful.
  • the radome 230 is fixed to the ground plate 212.
  • the antennas in the antenna array 200 are dual-polarized antennas, and each antenna has a width of 90 mm, a length of 90 mm, a height of 30 mm, and a center distance between the two antennas of 150 mm.
  • the antenna array 200 can also be a multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) antenna.
  • MIMO multiple input and multiple output
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation simulation of the same-polarized port of different antennas 210 of the antenna array 200 of the present invention.
  • the broken line is a schematic diagram of the isolation simulation between the first ports of different antennas 210
  • the solid line is Schematic diagram of isolation simulation between the second ports of different antennas 210.
  • the same port of different antennas 210 may be referred to as a co-polarized port, such as a first port and a first port of a different antenna, or a second port and a second port.
  • the isolation between the two is less than -35dB, that is, the isolation of the same polarization port of different antennas 210 is better.
  • an antenna array 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is provided.
  • the antenna array 300 provided by the third embodiment can be further improved as the antenna array 200 provided by the second embodiment.
  • the antenna array 300 further includes a ground fixed to the ground plate 330 and located between the two of the outer casings 310.
  • the array 320 is used to improve the co-polarization port isolation and the cross-polarization port isolation between different antennas.
  • the ground strip array 320 may be integrally formed with the ground plate 330 or may be fixed to the ground plate 330 by soldering.
  • a grounding strip array 320 is disposed between the two outer casings 310, that is, a grounding strip array 320 is disposed between the two antennas, which can change the distribution of electromagnetic waves on the upper surface of the grounding plate 330 and the distribution of electromagnetic waves between the antennas.
  • the energy coupling between the antennas is reduced, so that the same-polarized port isolation and cross-polarized port isolation of different antennas are further improved on the basis of the second embodiment.
  • the ground strip array 320 includes two sets of axisymmetric grounding bars located on a vertical bisector of a pair of the antennas or coincident with a centerline of the antenna array 300;
  • a set of the ground strips includes a plurality of ground strips having different lengths and heights.
  • the height and length of the ground strips in each of the sets of ground straps are decreasing from the outside to the inside.
  • the outer side is adjacent to the dual polarized antenna (210), the inner side being adjacent to the axisymmetric central axis.
  • the grounding strip array (320) is a metal strip array, or a ferrite strip array, or a left hand material strip array, or an electromagnetic bandgap structure.
  • Each of the ground strips 320 may be rectangular or may have other shapes such as a T shape or an I shape.
  • the antenna array 300 may not include the outer casing 310.
  • the antenna unit of the antenna array 300 is not limited to the dual-polarized antenna 100 as described in the above embodiment, and may be other antenna units. That is, the antenna array 300 includes at least one pair of antenna units, and a ground strip array 320 mounted on the ground plate 330 and located between the two antenna units to enhance the isopolar port isolation between different antennas.
  • each of the outer casings 310 includes a plurality of card slots 312,
  • the floor panel 330 is provided with a plurality of latching blocks 332 that are snapped into the card slots 312 to secure the outer casing 310 to the grounding plate 330.
  • the antenna array 300 further includes a radome 340 covering the antenna array 300 for dustproof, waterproof and antenna protection.
  • the internal structure of the array 300 makes the antenna array 300 aesthetically pleasing.
  • the radome 340 is provided with a plurality of fixing posts 342 located between the four corners of the radome 340 and the two opposite side walls.
  • Each of the fixing posts 342 is provided with a first fixing hole 344.
  • the grounding plate 330 is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes (blocked by the radome 340). When installed, the screws are locked to the first through the second fixing holes.
  • a fixing hole 344 is provided to fix the radome 340 to the ground plate 330.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the isolation simulation of the same-polarized port of different antennas of the antenna array 300 of the present invention, wherein the broken line is a schematic diagram of the isolation simulation between the first ports of different antennas 210, and the solid lines are different. Schematic diagram of isolation simulation between the second ports of antenna 210.
  • the isolation of the same-polarized port of different antennas changes after the grounding strip is added.
  • the isolation of the co-polarized ports of different antennas is further improved, between the first port and the first port of the different antennas or between the second port and the second port.
  • the isolation is less than -45dB.
  • the dual-polarized antenna provided by all the above embodiments of the present invention, and the antenna array have good port isolation and moderate size, and can be applied to a full-duplex communication system or as multiple input and multiple output (Multiple input and multiple output, MIMO) antennas, as well as any other possible application scenarios.
  • MIMO Multiple input and multiple output

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

一种双极化天线，其包括接地板（10）、馈电部（20）和辐射板（50）。馈电部包括第一馈电部（30）和第二馈电部（40），第一馈电部（30）包括第一介质板（32）、第一馈电层（34）和第一传输线（36），第一馈电层（34）设置于第一介质板（32），第一传输线（36）设置于第一介质板（32）并设有第一端口（360），第二馈电部（40）包括第二介质板（42）、第二馈电层（44）和第二传输线（46），第二馈电层（44）设置于第二介质板（42），第二传输线（46）设置于第二介质板（42）并设有第二端口（460），第一介质板（32）和第二介质板（42）相互垂直放置并垂直安装于接地板（10），第一传输线（360）和第二传输线（460）相互隔离。还包括一种天线阵列。该双极化天线及天线阵列，具有较高的天线端口隔离度。

Description

双极化天线及天线阵列
本申请要求2014年02月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410064893.6，发明名称为《双极化天线及天线阵列》的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种天线，特别涉及一种双极化天线及天线阵列。
背景技术
无线通信系统包括上行链路(uplink,UL)和下行链路(downlink,DL)。基站(base station,BS)可通过下行链路向用户设备(user equipment,UE)发送信号，用户设备可通过上行链路向基站发送信号。在支持双工通信时，为了避免上行链路和下行链路并行传输信号造成的相互干扰，有必要分隔上行信号和下行信号。
目前，无线通信系统使用的双工模式包括频分双工(frequency division duplexing,FDD)和时分双工(time division duplexing,TDD)。频分双工模式中，上行链路和下行链路中使用不同的载波频率，通过频率保护间隔来分隔上行信号和下行信号，可以实现同时不同频的全双工通信；时分双工模式中，上行链路和下行链路中使用不同的通信时间，通过时间保护间隔来分隔接收信号和发送信号，可以实现同频不同时的半双工通信。相比用户感受时间而言，时分双工模式使用的时间保护间隔极短，有时也被认为支持全双工通信。
例如，图1为现有技术中无线通信系统的场景示意图。下行链路中，基站在T1时间向用户设备发送频率F1的无线信号S1；上行链路中，用户设备在T2时间向基站发送频率F2的无线信号S2。当使用频分双工时，频率F1和频率F2不同，上行链路和下行链路间有频率保护间隔，可以实现同时不同频的全双工通信；当使用时分双工时，T1时间和T2时间不同，上行链路和下行链路间有时间保护间隔，可以实现同频不同时的半双工通信。
若频率F1和频率F2相同，T1时间和T2时间也相同，那么基站在接收用户设备发送的无线信号S2时，也会接收到同频率的自干扰信号S'1，该自干扰信号S'1可以看作基站发送的无线信号S1的一部分；同理，用户设备在接收基站发送的无线信号S1时，也会接收到同频率的自干扰信号S'2。由于无线信号在空间传播的快速衰落，来自本地的自干扰信号的强度通常远远大于来自远端的无线信号的强度，基站和用户设备在发送信号的同时，无法准确地接收信号。因此，通常认为无线通信系统不能支持同频且同时的全双工通信，直到全双工(full duplex)技术的出现。
理论上，在使用全双工技术的无线通信系统中，上行链路和下行链路使用相同的时间和频率，频谱效率可以提升一倍。但是，全双工技术目前仍处于研究与试验阶段，如何有效降低本地自干扰信号对接收远端无线信号的影响，仍然是全双工技术需要解决的关键技术问题。当前的研究方向主要包括两类，一类是在射频模块中通过信号处理，消除本地自干扰信号；另一类是在天线处进行优化，降低进入射频模块的本地自干扰信号的强度。
现有技术中，主要考虑在射频模块中设计信号处理方法，消除本地自干扰信号，针对天线的设计和优化并不多见。目前的全双工试验通信系统中，天线系统往往采用天线物理隔离的方式，隔离发送信号和接收信号。例如，可以通过增加接收天线(receive antenna,Rx antenna)和发射天线(transmit antenna,Tx antenna)之间的物理距离，来增加收发天线间的隔离度。但是，这样会使得天线系统尺寸较大，不利于设备小型化及实际工程部署。因此，针对天线进行优化设计，提供一种具有良好的收发隔离度的天线，对于未来无线通信系统中应用全双工技术意义重大。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种双极化天线及天线阵列，具有较高的天线端口隔离度。
本发明实施方式具体可以通过如下技术方案实现：
第一方面，提供了一种双极化天线，其包括接地板(10)、馈电部(20)和 辐射板(50)，其中：
所述馈电部(20)用于向所述辐射板(50)馈入电磁波信号，并包括第一馈电部(30)和第二馈电部(40)，所述接地板设置于所述馈电部(20)的底部，所述辐射板(50)设置于所述馈电部(20)顶部；
所述第一馈电部(30)包括第一介质板(32)、第一馈电层(34)和第一传输线(36)，所述第一馈电层(34)设置于所述第一介质板(32)的一个表面，所述第一传输线(36)设置于所述第一介质板(32)的另一个表面并设有第一端口(360)，所述第一端口用于向所述第一馈电部馈入信号；
所述第二馈电部(40)包括第二介质板(42)、第二馈电层(44)和第二传输线(46)，所述第二馈电层(44)设置于所述第二介质板(42)的一个表面，所述第二传输线(46)设置于所述第二介质板(42)的另一个表面并设有第二端口(460)，所述第二端口用于向所述第二馈电部馈入信号；
所述第一介质板(32)和所述第二介质板(42)垂直安装于所述接地板(10)，且所述第一介质板(32)和所述第二介质板(42)垂直放置，所述第一传输线(36)和所述第二传输线(46)相互隔离。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一介质板(32)设有第一开口(320)，所述第一开口(320)从所述第一介质板(32)的底部向顶部延伸，所述第二介质板(42)设有第二开口(420)，所述第二开口(420)从所述第二介质板(42)的顶部向底部延伸，所述第一介质板(32)和所述第二介质板(42)在所述第一开口(320)和所述第二开口(420)结合，从而垂直放置。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述第一馈电层(34)设有第一凹槽(342)，所述第一凹槽(342)从所述第一馈电层(34)的顶部向中间延伸，并包括第一槽(340)和与所述第一槽(340)连通的第二槽(341)，所述第一开口(320)穿过所述第二槽(341)延伸至所述第一槽(340)；所述第二馈电层(44)设有第二凹槽(442)，所述第二凹槽(442)从所述第二馈电层(44)的顶部向中间延伸，并包括第三槽(440)和与所述第三槽(440)连通的第四槽(441)，所述第二开口(420)伸入所述第三槽(440)。
结合第一方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三 种可能的实现方式中，所述辐射板(50)包括辐射层(54)，所述辐射层(54)设置于所述辐射板(50)的下表面，所述馈电部(20)通过耦合的方式向所述辐射层(54)馈入信号。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述辐射层(54)为正4N边形、正4N边环形、圆形或圆环形，其中N为大于等于1的整数。
结合第一方面的第一种至第四种中的任一可能实现方式，在第一方面的五种可能的实现方式中，所述第一端口(360)设于所述第一传输线(36)的末端并从所述第一介质板(32)的所述底部向所述顶部延伸；其中，所述第一传输线(36)还包括第一段传输线(362)、第二段传输线(364)和第三段传输线(366)，所述第一段传输线(362)从所述第一端口(360)的末端向所述第一介质板(32)的所述顶部延伸并与所述第一开口(320)平行，所述第二段传输线(364)从所述第一开口(320)的上方跨越并与所述第一段传输线(362)垂直相连，所述第三段传输线(366)从所述第二段传输线(364)的末端向所述第一介质板(32)的所述底部垂直延伸。
结合第一方面的第一种至第五种中的任一可能实现方式，在第一方面的六种可能的实现方式中，所述第二端口(460)设置于所述第二传输线(46)的末端并从所述第二介质板(42)的所述底部向所述顶部延伸。其中，所述第二传输线(46)包括第四段传输线(462)、第五段传输线(464)和第六段传输线(466)，所述第四段传输线(462)从所述第二端口(460)的末端向所述第二介质板(42)的所述顶部延伸并与所述第二开口(420)平行，所述第五段传输线(464)与所述第四段传输线(462)垂直相连，所述第六段传输线(466)从所述第五段传输线(464)的末端向所述第二介质板(42)的所述底部垂直延伸。
结合第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述第五段传输线(464)的中间向所述第二介质板(42)的所述底部方向折弯形成折弯部，以防止所述第二开口(420)贯穿所述第五段传输线(464)。
结合第一方面的第一种至第七种中的任一可能实现方式，在第一方面的八种可能的实现方式中，其中，所述双极化天线(100)还包括一对连接器 (60)，所述连接器(60)中的一个与所述第一端口(360)电连接，所述连接器(60)中的另一个与所述第二端口(460)电连接，用于向所述第一馈电部(30)和所述第二馈电部(40)馈入信号。
第二方面，还提供了一种天线阵列，其包括第一方面或第一方面的第一种至第九种可能实现方式中的任意一对天线和一对外壳(220)。每一个所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(212)并包括多个隔离墙(222)，所述隔离墙(222)形成围栏，用于围隔所述天线(210)。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述天线阵列(200)还包括位于两个所述外壳(220)之间的接地条阵(320)，用于提升不同天线(210)之间的隔离度。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接地条阵(320)包括两组轴对称的接地条，所述轴对称的中轴线位于一对所述双极化天线(210)的垂直平分线；每组接地条的高度和长度均由外侧向内侧递减，所述外侧靠近所述双极化天线(210)，所述内侧靠近所述轴对称的中轴线。
结合第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述接地条为金属条或铁氧体条所述接地条阵(320)为金属条阵，或铁氧体条阵，或左手材料条阵，或电磁带隙结构。
结合第二方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，每一个外壳(220)包括多个卡槽(312)，所述接地板(10)设有多个卡块(332)，所述卡块(332)卡入所述卡槽(312)，以将所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(10)。
结合第二方面的第一种或第二种或第三种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，，所述天线阵列(200)还包括天线罩(230)，所述天线罩(230)罩覆所述天线阵列(200)。
第三方面，还提供了一种天线阵列，其包括一对天线和接地条阵(320)，每一个天线包括接地板(330)，所述接地条阵(320)固定于所述接地板(330)并位于两个所述天线(210)之间，用于提升不同天线之间的端口隔离度。
结合第三方面，该天线阵列(200)还包括一对外壳(220)，每一个所述外 壳(220)固定于所述接地板(330)并包括多个隔离墙(222)，所述隔离墙(222)形成围栏，用于围隔每一个所述天线，所述接地条阵(320)位于两个所述外壳(220)之间。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接地条阵(320)包括两组轴对称的接地条，所述轴对称的中轴线位于一对所述双极化天线的垂直平分线；每组接地条的高度和长度均由外侧向内侧递减，所述外侧靠近所述双极化天线，所述内侧靠近所述轴对称的中轴线。
结合第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述接地条为金属条或铁氧体条所述接地条阵(320)为金属条阵，或铁氧体条阵，或左手材料条阵，或电磁带隙结构。
结合第三方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，每一个外壳(220)包括多个卡槽(312)，所述接地板(10)设有多个卡块(332)，所述卡块(332)卡入所述卡槽(312)，以将所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(10)。
结合第三方面的第一种或第二种或第三种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，，所述天线阵列(200)还包括天线罩(230)，所述天线罩(230)罩覆所述天线阵列(200)。
其中，每一个外壳(220)包括多个卡槽(312)，所述接地板(10)设有多个卡块(332)，所述卡块(332)卡入所述卡槽(312)，以将所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(330)。
采用本发明实施例提供的双极化天线或天线阵列，采用了垂直放置的馈电网络，在第一端口和第二端口馈入信号后，可以分别产生平行于所述第一介质板和所述第二介质板的电磁波，耦合到辐射板上的电磁波极化方向相互垂直，保证了天线端口间的隔离度高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中无线通信系统的场景示意图；
图2是本发明第一种实施方式提供的双极化天线的组装透视示意图；
图3是图2所示的第一馈电部的正面示意图；
图4是图2所示的第一馈电部的反面示意图；
图5是图2所示的第二馈电部的正面示意图；
图6是图2所示的第二馈电部的反面示意图；
图7是图2所示的双极化天线的电压驻波比仿真示意图；
图8是图2所示的双极化天线的第一端口和第二端口之间的隔离度仿真示意图；
图9是本发明第二种实施方式提供的天线阵列的组装透视示意图；
图10是图9所示的天线阵列的部分组装透视示意图；
图11是图9所示的天线阵列的不同天线的同极化端口的隔离度仿真示意图；
图12是本发明第三种实施方式提供的天线阵列的组装透视示意图；
图13是图12所示的天线阵列的部分组装透视示意图；
图14是图12所示的天线罩的立体示意图；
图15是图12所示的天线阵列的不同天线的同极化端口的隔离度仿真示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的 范围。
请一并参考图2至图6，为本发明第一种实施方式提供的双极化天线100。所述双极化天线100包括接地板10、馈电部20和辐射板50，所述接地板10设置于所述馈电部20的底部，所述辐射板50设置于所述馈电部20顶部。其中，所述馈电部20用于向所述辐射板50馈入电磁波信号，并包括第一馈电部30和第二馈电部40，所述第一馈电部30包括第一介质板32、第一馈电层34和第一传输线36，所述第一馈电层34设置于所述第一介质板32的一个表面，所述第一传输线36设置于所述第一介质板32的另一个表面并设有第一端口360，所述第二馈电部40包括第二介质板42、第二馈电层44和第二传输线46，所述第二馈电层44设置于所述第二介质板42的一个表面，所述第二传输线46设置于所述第二介质板42的另一个表面并设有第二端口460，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直安装于所述接地板10，且所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直放置，所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46相互隔离。
其中，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直放置的具体实现方式并不限定。可选地，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直正交安装于所述接地板10，所述垂直正交包括所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42在其中一个介质板的正中间的位置垂直相交，或者在两个介质板的正中间位置垂直相交，以达到更好的结构对称性。
可选地，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42的结构可以相同，例如：所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42的长度、宽度和厚度部分相同或全部相同。所述第一馈电层34和所述第二馈电层44可以为金属贴片结构。所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46可以为微带传输线。所述第一馈电层34和所述第一传输线36组成第一馈电网络，所述第二馈电层44和所述第二传输线46组成第二馈电网络，所述第一馈电网络和所述第二馈电网络用于向辐射板50馈入电磁波信号。
可选地，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42可为印刷电路板，所述第一馈电层34和所述第一传输线36可印刷于所述第一介质板32，所述第二馈电层44和所述第二传输线46印刷于所述第二介质板42。
本发明实施例提供的双极化天线，采用了垂直放置的馈电网络，在第一端口和第二端口馈入信号后，可以分别产生平行于所述第一介质板和所述第二介质板的电磁波，耦合到辐射板上的电磁波极化方向相互垂直，保证了天线端口间的隔离度高，并且，当第一馈电网络与第二馈电网络垂直正交放置时，由于馈电网络的结构对称性，当其中一个端口馈电时，其对应的馈电网络耦合到另一个端口的能量大大减弱，可进一步提升天线端口间的隔离度。
如图3和图4所示，作为本发明的进一步改进，以便于安装，所述第一介质板32设有第一开口320，所述第一开口320从所述第一介质板32的底部向顶部延伸；如图5和图6所示，所述第二介质板42设有第二开口420，所述第二开口420从所述第二介质板42的顶部向底部延伸，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42在所述第一开口320和所述第二开口420处结合，从而相互垂直放置。换而言之，所述第一介质板32在下部开设第一开口320，所述第二介质板42在上部开设第二开口420。
可选地，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42均为长方形。所述第一开口320从所述第一介质板32的底部的中间向顶部延伸，即所述第一开口320位于所述第一介质板32的下部中间。所述第二开口420从所述第二介质板42的顶部中间向底部延伸，即所述第二开口420位于所述第二介质板42的上部中间。
安装时，所述第一介质板32从第一开口320处插入所述第二介质板42的第二开口420处，同时因所述第一开口320位于所述第一介质板32的下部中间，所述第二开口420位于所述第二介质板42的上部中间，从而所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直正交放置，以达到更好的结构对称性。
在其它可能的实施方式中，所述第一开口320也可以不限定位于所述第一介质板32的下部中间，即所述第一开口320开设于所述第一介质板32的右侧或左侧。同时，所述第二开口420也可以不限定位于所述第二介质板42的上部中间，即所述第二开口420开设于所述第二介质板42的右侧或左侧。当所述第一开口320不位于所述第一介质板32的下部中间，并且 所述第二开口420不位于所述第二介质板42的上部中间时，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42只是垂直放置而不是垂直正交放置。
如图3所示，作为本发明的进一步改进，以进一步地提升馈电网络的馈电效果，所述第一馈电层34可设有第一凹槽342，所述第一凹槽342从所述第一馈电层34的顶部向中间延伸并包括第一槽340和与所述第一槽340连通的第二槽341，所述第一开口320穿过所述第二槽341延伸至所述第一槽340。在可选的实施方式中，所述第一凹槽342为倒置的T形槽，所述第二槽341相对所述第一槽340的轴线呈对称设计。其中，所述第一槽340的轴线和所述第一开口320的轴线重合。
类似地，如图5所示，作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二馈电层44也可设有第二凹槽442，所述第二凹槽442从所述第二馈电层44的顶部向中间延伸并包括第三槽440和与所述第三槽440连通的第四槽441，所述第二开口420伸入所述第三槽440。在可选的实施方式中，所述第二凹槽442为倒置的T形槽，所述第四槽441相对所述第三槽440的轴线呈对称设计。其中，所述第三槽440的轴线和所述第二开口420的轴线重合。
在其它可能的实施方式中，所述第一凹槽342和所述第二凹槽442也可以为十字形、I形、E形、C形等其它形状，该第一凹槽342和该第二凹槽442可参考上述倒置的T形槽设计，分别针对该第一开口320和第二开口420呈轴线对称。
如图2至图6所示，作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一介质板32的所述顶部和底部均可以与所述第二介质板42的所述顶部和底部平齐，以便于将所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42安装于所述接地板10。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述辐射板50包括第三介质板52和辐射层54，所述辐射层54设置于所述第三介质板52的底部，所述辐射层54的下表面与所述第一介质板32的所述顶部的上表面及所述第二介质板42的所述顶部的上表面紧密贴合。所述辐射板50设置于所述馈电部20的顶部，可以和馈电部20垂直放置。
在可选的实施方式中，所述辐射板50可为印刷电路板，所述辐射层54印刷于所述第三介质板52的底部。例如，所述第三介质板52为正方形，所述辐射层54为印刷金属贴片结构。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述辐射层54也可以为正4N边形、正4N边环形、圆形或圆环形，其中N为大于等于1的整数。
因所述辐射层54为正4N边形、正4N边环形、圆形或圆环形，使得第一端口360和第二端口460的驻波及分别馈电时的方向图特性基本一致。
在其它实施方式中，所述辐射板50可以没有第三介质板52，即所述辐射板50只包括辐射层54。
在其它实施方式中，所述辐射层54印刷于所述第三介质板52的顶部。安装时，所述第一介质板32的所述顶部的上表面及所述第二介质板42的所述顶部的上表面与所述辐射层54的底部表面紧密贴合。
采用上述一个或多个可选实施方式提供的双极化天线，所述第一馈电网络和所述第二馈电网络可通过耦合的方式向所述辐射层54馈入电磁波信号，即所述馈电部20通过耦合的方式向所述辐射层54馈入信号。具体地，能量经过第一传输线36耦合到第一馈电层34，从而产生一个涡旋电场，在第一馈电层34的法向即水平方向激励起一个水平的磁场，其能量通过第一馈电层34的第一凹槽342耦合到辐射层54进行辐射。同理，能量经过第二传输线46耦合到第二馈电层44，从而产生一个涡旋电场，在第二馈电层44的法向即水平方向激励起一个水平的磁场，其能量通过第二馈电层44的第二凹槽442耦合到辐射层54进行辐射。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一端口360设于所述第一传输线36的末端并从所述第一介质板32的所述底部向所述顶部延伸。
如图4所示，作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一传输线36包括第一段传输线362、第二段传输线364和第三段传输线366，所述第一段传输线362从所述第一端口360的末端向所述第一介质板32的所述顶部延伸并与所述第一开口320平行，所述第二段传输线364从所述第一开口320的上方跨越并与所述第一段传输线362垂直相连，所述第三段传输线366从所述第二段传输线364的末端向所述第一介质板32的所述底部垂直延伸。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第二段传输线364从所述第一开口320的上方跨越，意味着所述第一开口320未延伸至所述第一传输线36的所述第二段传输线364。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一端口360的宽度大于所述第一段传输线362的宽度，所述第一段传输线362、所述第二段传输线364及所述第三段传输线366，三者的宽度相同。所述第一段传输线362的长度大于所述第三段传输线366的长度。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二端口460设置于所述第二传输线46的末端并从所述第二介质板42的所述底部向所述顶部延伸。
如图6所示，作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二传输线46包括第四段传输线462、第五段传输线464和第六段传输线466，所述第四段传输线462从所述第二端口460的末端向所述第二介质板42的所述顶部延伸并与所述第二开口420平行，所述第五段传输线464与所述第四段传输线462垂直相连，所述第六段传输线466从所述第五段传输线464的末端向所述第二介质板42的所述底部垂直延伸。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第二端口460的宽度大于所述第四段传输线462的宽度，所述第四段传输线462、所述第五段传输线464及所述第六段传输线466，三者的宽度相同。所述第四段传输线462的长度大于所述第六段传输线466的长度。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第五段传输线464的中间向所述第二介质板42的所述底部方向折弯形成折弯部，以防止所述第二开口420贯穿所述第五段传输线464，即所述第二开口420未穿过所述第二传输线46。
如图2至图6所示，因所述第一开口320未延伸至所述第一传输线36的所述第二段传输线364，且所述第二开口420未穿过所述第二传输线46，当所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直正交放置时，所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46在所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42相交处不接触，即所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46相互隔离，使得第一端口360和第二端口460相互隔离。
在其它实施方式中，所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46也可以 为其它形状，如C形、L形，但总的原则为：当所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直放置时，所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46不接触，即所述第一传输线36和所述第二传输线46相互隔离。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述双极化天线100还包括一对连接器60，用于向所述第一馈电层34和所述第二馈电层44馈入信号，一个所述连接器60与所述第一端口360电连接，另一所述连接器60与所述第二端口460电连接。
在可选的实施方式中，所述连接器(60)中的一个与所述第一端口(360)电连接，所述连接器(60)中的另一个与所述第二端口(460)电连接，具体可通过过焊接的方式实现电连接。
在可选的实施方式中，所述连接器60为射频连接器，频率较高时也可称为微波高频连接器或微波连接器，如SMA(Sub-Miniature-A)。所述连接器的特性阻抗为50欧姆。
使用时，第一馈电网络和第二馈电网络通过接上SMA对所述辐射层54进行耦合馈电。
具体地，微波信号由其中一个SMA馈入，能量经过第一传输线36耦合到第一馈电层34，从而产生一个涡旋电场，在第一馈电层34的法向即水平方向激励起一个水平的磁场，其能量通过第一馈电层34的第一凹槽342耦合到辐射层54进行辐射。同理，微波信号由另一个SMA馈入，能量经过第二传输线46耦合到第二馈电层44，从而产生一个涡旋电场，在第二馈电层44的法向即水平方向激励起一个水平的磁场，其能量通过第二馈电层44的第二凹槽442耦合到辐射层54进行辐射。
作为一种可能的实施方式中，所述接地板10可以为镀镍的铝板，所述连接器60固定于所述铝板。所述接地板10一方面提供接地，另一方面充当反射面，使得双极化天线100的后向辐射就会被反射到主辐射方向，从而提高了双极化天线100的前后比和增益。
安装后，所述第一介质板32的所述底部的下表面和所述第二介质板42的所述底部的下表面均可与所述接地板10的上表面紧密贴合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述双极化天线100还包括多个固定柱70， 所述固定柱70安装于接地板10，用于支撑所述辐射板50。在可选的实施方式中，所述固定柱70为四个，且为尼龙柱。
安装时，所述第一介质板32和所述第二介质板42垂直正交放置并固定于所述接地板10，所述辐射板50放置于所述固定柱70的顶部并使所述辐射层54的下表面与所述第一介质板32的顶部的上面和第二介质板42的顶部的上表面紧密贴合。
在可选的实施方式中，所述双极化天线100的宽度为90mm，长度为90mm，高度为30mm。
请参考图7，所示为本发明双极化天线100的电压驻波比(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio，VSWR)仿真示意图，其中，实线为第一端口360的电压驻波比仿真示意图，虚线为第二端口460的电压驻波比仿真示意图。由图示可知，本发明实施方式的双极化天线100的工作带宽较宽，在2.5GHz-2.7GHz的频率范围内，第一端口360和第二端口460的电压驻波比均小于1.5。
请参考图8，所示为本发明双极化天线100的第一端口360和第二端口460之间的隔离度仿真示意图，表示第二端口460到第一端口360的传输系数。由图示可知，本发明实施方式的双极化天线100的端口隔离度较高，在2.5GHz-2.7GHz的频率范围内，第一端口360和第二端口460之间的隔离度小于-55dB。
采用上述可选实施方式的双极化天线，第一馈电网络和第二馈电网络采用耦合馈电的方式对辐射层进行电磁耦合馈电，当其中一个馈电网络馈电时，如第一馈电网络馈电时，电流经过第一传输线36耦合到第一馈电层34，在第一馈电层34的第一凹槽342的两侧电场最强，并在第一凹槽342的两侧分别激励出了反相的电流，由于所述第一馈电网络和所述第二馈电网络的结构对称，第一凹槽342的两侧的能量耦合到第二凹槽442时，由于传播距离一样，两股能量抵消，即当其中一个馈电网络馈电时，其耦合到另一个馈电网络的能量大大减弱，从而实现了高隔离度特性。换而言之，本发明实施方式的双极化天线100的第一馈电网络和第二馈电网络采用了对称的电磁耦合馈电网络，得两个馈电网络之间的能量耦合大大减弱，相 对于采用探针馈电、共面微带线馈电等馈电方式的其他双极化天线，进一步提升了端口间的隔离度。
请一并参考图9和图10，为本发明第二种实施方式提供的天线阵列200。所述天线阵列200包括一对天线210和一对外壳220，所述天线210的结构与第一实施方式中的双极化天线100的结构相同，所述外壳220固定于所述接地板212并包括多个隔离墙222，所述隔离墙222形成围栏，用于围隔所述天线210，以提高所述天线阵列200中不同天线210之间的同极化端口隔离度和交叉极化端口隔离度。
具体地，在每个天线210周围添加所述外壳220后，可以增加天线210的辐射定向性，在两个天线210之间的方向的辐射能量就会被减弱，从而两个天线210之间的能量耦合也会降低，即天线210之间的同极化端口隔离度和交叉极化端口隔离度就会提高。
在可选的实施方式中，所述外壳为金属框，并焊接于接地板212。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述天线阵列200还包括天线罩230，所述天线罩230罩覆所述天线阵列200，用于防尘、防水和保护天线阵列200内部结构，并使天线阵列200美观。
在可选的实施方式中，所述天线罩230固定于所述接地板212。
在可选的实施方式中，所述天线阵列200中的天线为双极化天线，且每一个天线的宽度为90mm，长度为90mm，高度为30mm，两个天线之间的中心距离为150mm。
在其它实施方式中，所述天线阵列200也可以为多输入输出(Multi input and Multiple Output,MIMO)天线。
请参考图11，所示为本发明天线阵列200的不同天线210的同极化端口的隔离度仿真示意图，其中，虚线为不同天线210的第一端口之间的隔离度仿真示意图，实线为不同天线210的第二端口之间的隔离度仿真示意图。不同天线210的相同端口可以称为同极化端口，例如不同天线的第一端口和第一端口，或者第二端口与第二端口。由图示可知，在较宽的频率范围内，不同天线210的第一端口和第一端口之间或第二端口和第二端口 之间的隔离度均小于-35dB，即不同天线210的同极化端口隔离度较好。
请一并参考图12和图13，为本发明第三种实施方式提供的天线阵列300。第三种实施方式提供的天线阵列300可作为第二种实施方式提供的天线阵列200的进一步改进，所述天线阵列300还包括固定于接地板330并位于两个所述外壳310之间的接地条阵320，用于提升不同天线之间的同极化端口隔离度和交叉极化端口隔离度。接地条阵320可以与接地板330一体成型，也可以通过焊接的方式固定于接地板330。
在两个所述外壳310之间设有接地条阵320，即两个天线之间设有接地条阵320，能够改变所述接地板330上表面电磁波的分布以及天线间空间电磁波的分布，可以减少天线间的能量耦合，从而使得不同天线的同极化端口隔离度和交叉极化端口隔离度在第二种实施方式的基础上有了更进一步的提升。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述接地条阵320包括两组轴对称的接地条，该轴对称的中轴线位于一对所述天线的垂直平分线，或者与天线阵列300的中心线重合；每一组所述接地条包括多个长度和高度均不相同的接地条。
在可选的实施方式中，每一组所述接地条中的接地条的高度和长度均由外侧向内侧递减。所述外侧靠近所述双极化天线(210)，所述内侧靠近所述轴对称的中轴线。
在可选的实施方式中，所述接地条阵(320)为金属条阵，或铁氧体条阵，或左手材料条阵，或电磁带隙结构。接地条阵320中的每个接地条可以为矩形，也可以为T形或I形等其它形状。
需要说明的是，所述天线阵列300可不包括外壳310，该天线阵列300的天线单元并不限定如上述实施方式介绍的双极化天线100，也可以是其他天线单元。即所述天线阵列300包括至少一对天线单元，以及安装于接地板330并位于两个天线单元之间的接地条阵320，以提升不同天线之间的同极化端口隔离度。
作为本发明的进一步改进，每一个外壳310包括多个卡槽312，所述接 地板330设有多个卡块332，所述卡块332卡入所述卡槽312，以将所述外壳310固定于所述接地板330。
请一并参考图12至图14，作为本发明的进一步改进，所述天线阵列300还包括天线罩340，所述天线罩340罩覆所述天线阵列300，用于防尘、防水和保护天线阵列300内部结构，并使天线阵列300美观。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述天线罩340设有多个固定柱342，所述固定柱342位于所述天线罩340的四个角落和两个相对侧壁的中间。每一个固定柱342设有第一固定孔344，所述接地板330设有多个第二固定孔(被天线罩340遮挡)，安装时，螺钉穿过第二固定孔锁固于所述第一固定孔344中，以将所述天线罩340固定于所述接地板330。
请参考图15，所示为本发明天线阵列300的不同天线的同极化端口的隔离度仿真示意图，其中，虚线为不同天线210的第一端口之间的隔离度仿真示意图，实线为不同天线210的第二端口之间的隔离度仿真示意图。由图示可知，增加了接地条阵后，不同天线的同极化端口的隔离度有所变化。特别地，在2.5GHz-2.7GHz的频率范围内，不同天线的同极化端口的隔离度得到进一步提升，不同天线的第一端口和第一端口之间或第二端口和第二端口之间的隔离度小于-45dB。
本发明的上述所有实施方式提供的双极化天线，以及天线阵列具有良好的端口隔离度，尺寸适中，既可以适用于全双工通信系统，也可以作为多输入输出(Multiple input and Multiple Output,MIMO)天线，以及其他任何可能的应用场景中。
以上所述的实施方式，以及结构示意图或仿真示意图仅为示意性说明本发明的技术方案，其中的尺寸比例、仿真数值并不构成对该技术方案保护范围的限定。任何在上述实施方式的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在该技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述双极化天线(100)包括接地板(10)、馈电部(20)和辐射板(50)，所述馈电部(20)用于向所述辐射板(50)馈入电磁波信号，并包括第一馈电部(30)和第二馈电部(40)，所述接地板(10)设置于所述馈电部(20)的底部，所述辐射板(50)设置于所述馈电部(20)顶部；
    所述第一馈电部(30)包括第一介质板(32)、第一馈电层(34)和第一传输线(36)，所述第一馈电层(34)设置于所述第一介质板(32)的一个表面，所述第一传输线(36)设置于所述第一介质板(32)的另一个表面并设有第一端口(360)，所述第一端口用于向所述第一馈电部馈入信号；
    所述第二馈电部(40)包括第二介质板(42)、第二馈电层(44)和第二传输线(46)，所述第二馈电层(44)设置于所述第二介质板(42)的一个表面，所述第二传输线(46)设置于所述第二介质板(42)的另一个表面并设有第二端口(460)，所述第二端口用于向所述第二馈电部馈入信号；
    所述第一介质板(32)和所述第二介质板(42)垂直安装于所述接地板(10)，且所述第一介质板(32)和所述第二介质板(42)相互垂直放置，所述第一传输线(36)和所述第二传输线(46)相互隔离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述第一介质板(32)设有第一开口(320)，所述第一开口(320)从所述第一介质板(32)的底部向顶部延伸，所述第二介质板(42)设有第二开口(420)，所述第二开口(420)从所述第二介质板(42)的顶部向底部延伸，所述第一介质板(32)和所述第二介质板(42)通过所述第一开口(320)和所述第二开口(420)接合，从而相互垂直放置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述第一馈电层(34)设有第一凹槽(342)，所述第一凹槽(342)从所述第一馈电层(34)的顶部向中间延伸，并包括第一槽(340)和与所述第一槽(340)连通的第二槽(341)，所述第一开口(320)穿过所述第二槽(341)延伸至所述第一槽(340)；
    所述第二馈电层(44)设有第二凹槽(442)，所述第二凹槽(442)从所述第二馈电层(44)的顶部向中间延伸，并包括第三槽(440)和与所述第三槽(440)连通的第四槽(441)，所述第二开口(420)伸入所述第三槽(440)。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任意一项所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述辐射板(50)包括辐射层(54)，所述辐射层(54)设置于所述辐射板(50)的下表面，所述馈电部(20)通过耦合方式向所述辐射层(54)馈入信号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述辐射层(54)的形状为正4N边形、正4N边环形、圆形或圆环形，其中N为大于等于1的整数。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任意一项所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述第一端口(360)设于所述第一传输线(36)的末端，并从所述第一介质板(32)的所述底部向所述顶部延伸；
    所述第一传输线(36)还包括第一段传输线(362)、第二段传输线(364)和第三段传输线(366)，所述第一段传输线(362)从所述第一端口(360)的末端向所述第一介质板(32)的所述顶部延伸并与所述第一开口(320)平行，所述第二段传输线(364)从所述第一开口(320)的上方跨越并与所述第一段传输线(362)垂直相连，所述第三段传输线(366)从所述第二段传输线(364)的末端向所述第一介质板(32)的所述底部垂直延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述第二端口(460)设置于所述第二传输线(46)的末端并从所述第二介质板(42)的所述底部向所述顶部延伸；
    所述第二传输线(46)包括第四段传输线(462)、第五段传输线(464)和第六段传输线(466)，所述第四段传输线(462)从所述第二端口(460)的末端向所述第二介质板(42)的所述顶部延伸并与所述第二开口(420)平行，所述第五段传输线(464)与所述第四段传输线(462)垂直相连，所述第六段传输线(466)从所述第五段传输线(464)的末端向所述第二介质板(42)的所述底部垂直延伸。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述第五段传输线(464)的中部向所述第二介质板(42)的所述底部方向折弯形成折弯部，以防止所述第二开口(420)贯穿所述第五段传输线(464)。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的双极化天线(100)，其特征在于：
    所述双极化天线(100)还包括一对连接器(60)，所述连接器(60)中的一个与所述第一端口(360)电连接，所述连接器(60)中的另一个与所述第二端口(460)电连接，用于向所述第一馈电部(30)和所述第二馈电部(40)馈入信号。
  10. 一种天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述天线阵列(200)包括一对如权利要求1至10任意一项所述的双极化天线(210)，以及一对外壳(220)，每一个所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(212)并包括多个隔离墙(222)，所述隔离墙(222)形成围栏，用于围隔所述双极化天线(210)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述天线阵列(200)还包括位于所述一对外壳(220)之间的接地条阵(320)，用于提升所述双极化天线(210)之间的隔离度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述接地条阵(320)包括两组轴对称的接地条，所述轴对称的中轴线位于一对所述双极化天线(210)的垂直平分线；每组接地条的高度和长度均由外侧向内侧递减，所述外侧靠近所述双极化天线(210)，所述内侧靠近所述轴对称的中轴线。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述接地条阵(320)为金属条阵，或铁氧体条阵，或左手材料条阵，或电磁带隙结构。
  14. 根据权利要求10至13任意一项所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述外壳(220)包括多个卡槽(312)，所述接地板(330)设有多个卡块(332)，所述卡块(332)卡入所述卡槽(312)，以将所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(330)。
  15. 根据权利要求10至14任意一项所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述天线阵列(200)还包括天线罩(340)，所述天线罩(340)罩覆所述天线 阵列(200)。
  16. 一种天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述天线阵列(200)包括一对天线和接地条阵(320)，所述天线包括接地板(330)，所述接地条阵(320)固定于所述接地板(330)并位于所述天线之间，用于提升所述天线之间的隔离度。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述天线阵列(200)还包括一对外壳(220)，每一个所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(330)并包括多个隔离墙(222)，所述隔离墙(222)形成围栏，用于围隔所述天线，所述接地条阵(320)位于两个所述外壳(220)之间。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述接地条阵(320)包括两组轴对称的接地条，所述轴对称的中轴线位于一对所述天线的垂直平分线；每组接地条的高度和长度均由外侧向内侧递减，所述外侧靠近所述天线，所述内侧靠近所述轴对称的中轴线。
  19. 根据权利要求16至18任意一项所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述接地条阵(320)为金属条阵，或铁氧体条阵，或左手材料条阵，或电磁带隙结构。
  20. 根据权利要求16至19任意一项所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：
    所述外壳(220)包括多个卡槽(312)，所述接地板(10)设有多个卡块(332)，所述卡块(332)卡入所述卡槽(312)，以将所述外壳(220)固定于所述接地板(330)。
  21. 根据权利要求16至20任意一项所述的天线阵列(200)，其特征在于：所述天线阵列(200)还包括天线罩(340)，所述天线罩(340)罩覆所述天线阵列(200)。
PCT/CN2015/073112 2014-02-25 2015-02-15 双极化天线及天线阵列 Ceased WO2015127876A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020167026165A KR101857513B1 (ko) 2014-02-25 2015-02-15 이중 편파 안테나 및 안테나 어레이
JP2016553809A JP6345263B2 (ja) 2014-02-25 2015-02-15 偏波共用アンテナおよびアンテナアレイ
EP15755716.6A EP3098903B1 (en) 2014-02-25 2015-02-15 Dual-polarized antenna and antenna array
US15/247,636 US10418725B2 (en) 2014-02-25 2016-08-25 Dual-polarized antenna and antenna array

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410064893.6A CN104868228B (zh) 2014-02-25 2014-02-25 双极化天线及天线阵列
CN201410064893.6 2014-02-25

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/247,636 Continuation US10418725B2 (en) 2014-02-25 2016-08-25 Dual-polarized antenna and antenna array

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015127876A1 true WO2015127876A1 (zh) 2015-09-03

Family

ID=53913886

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2015/073112 Ceased WO2015127876A1 (zh) 2014-02-25 2015-02-15 双极化天线及天线阵列

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10418725B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3098903B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6345263B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101857513B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN104868228B (zh)
WO (1) WO2015127876A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017107501A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. A low coupling 2×2 mimo array

Families Citing this family (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101609665B1 (ko) * 2014-11-11 2016-04-06 주식회사 케이엠더블유 이동통신 기지국 안테나
CN106129617B (zh) * 2016-07-29 2019-04-05 中国科学院电子学研究所 一种阵列天线及天线罩的一体化装置
CN108155473B (zh) * 2016-12-06 2024-05-14 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 馈电结构及基站天线
US11552391B2 (en) * 2017-01-13 2023-01-10 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Mobile device with multiple-antenna system
US11038272B2 (en) * 2017-05-29 2021-06-15 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Configurable antenna array with diverse polarizations
CN110637422B (zh) * 2017-06-26 2024-06-14 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 无线通信方法和设备
CN107248617A (zh) * 2017-07-20 2017-10-13 广东曼克维通信科技有限公司 微带贴片天线
CN107394387A (zh) * 2017-09-11 2017-11-24 成都德杉科技有限公司 一种基于磁耦合馈电结构的宽带双极化微带天线
EP3460906B1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2023-05-03 Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. Wireless telecommunication network antenna
KR102486593B1 (ko) 2017-12-19 2023-01-10 삼성전자 주식회사 수직편파 방사를 지원하는 안테나 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 전자장치
KR102412445B1 (ko) * 2017-12-19 2022-06-23 주식회사 케이엠더블유 이중편파 안테나 및 이를 포함하는 이중편파 안테나 조립체
KR102342978B1 (ko) 2018-01-19 2021-12-24 삼성전자 주식회사 절연체를 포함하는 안테나 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 기지국
KR102511737B1 (ko) * 2018-01-24 2023-03-20 삼성전자주식회사 안테나 구조체 및 안테나 구조체를 포함하는 전자 장치
US10770791B2 (en) * 2018-03-02 2020-09-08 Pc-Tel, Inc. Systems and methods for reducing signal radiation in an unwanted direction
CN112106257B (zh) * 2018-05-10 2024-06-07 株式会社Kmw 双极化天线以及天线阵列
WO2019222197A1 (en) * 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 John Mezzalingua Associates, LLC Patch antenna design for easy fabrication and controllable performance at high frequency bands
KR102607522B1 (ko) * 2018-06-20 2023-11-29 삼성전자 주식회사 복수개의 방사체를 포함하는 안테나 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 기지국
CN109037981B (zh) * 2018-07-05 2019-10-01 上海微小卫星工程中心 一种用于卫星探测器的接地装置
EP3627713B1 (en) * 2018-09-20 2022-12-28 Swisscom AG Method and apparatus
KR102048706B1 (ko) * 2018-12-20 2019-11-26 주식회사 에이스테크놀로지 상단 급전 구조를 가지는 안테나 장치
KR102607579B1 (ko) 2018-12-31 2023-11-30 삼성전자주식회사 다중 대역 안테나를 포함하는 전자 장치
US10797408B1 (en) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-06 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Antenna structure and method for manufacturing the same
CN113826282B (zh) * 2019-05-16 2024-10-18 株式会社Kmw 利用位移串联供电的双极化天线
CN110137675B (zh) 2019-05-22 2021-03-12 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种天线单元及终端设备
WO2021000147A1 (zh) * 2019-06-30 2021-01-07 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 辐射件及天线
WO2021000176A1 (zh) * 2019-06-30 2021-01-07 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 天线振子
CN111430905A (zh) * 2019-12-24 2020-07-17 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 一种天线单元及基站
CN113497342A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2021-10-12 康普技术有限责任公司 基站天线
EP4277030A4 (en) 2021-04-02 2024-07-03 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. ANTENNA MODULE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF
WO2023283756A1 (zh) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-19 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 透明天线及通信系统
EP4333212B1 (en) * 2021-08-11 2025-09-24 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Multi-band antenna and electronic device comprising same
WO2023220802A1 (en) * 2022-05-19 2023-11-23 Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd. Full-duplex transceiver

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2505992Y (zh) * 2001-07-27 2002-08-14 台湾骏炎科技股份有限公司 双极化隙缝偶极阵列天线
CN1421958A (zh) * 2001-11-26 2003-06-04 智邦科技股份有限公司 整合式双极化印刷单偶极天线
CN1688067A (zh) * 2005-04-27 2005-10-26 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 双极化加载天线辐射单元
CN201289904Y (zh) * 2008-09-01 2009-08-12 寰波科技股份有限公司 双极化天线装置

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040056818A1 (en) 2002-09-25 2004-03-25 Victor Aleksandrovich Sledkov Dual polarised antenna
US8111640B2 (en) 2005-06-22 2012-02-07 Knox Michael E Antenna feed network for full duplex communication
US7385563B2 (en) 2006-09-11 2008-06-10 Tyco Electronics Corporation Multiple antenna array with high isolation
US7688265B2 (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-03-30 Raytheon Company Dual polarized low profile antenna
WO2009132358A1 (en) 2008-04-25 2009-10-29 Spx Corporation Phased-array antenna panel for a super economical broadcast system
US8253647B2 (en) 2009-02-27 2012-08-28 Pc-Tel, Inc. High isolation multi-band monopole antenna for MIMO systems
US7994985B2 (en) * 2009-05-26 2011-08-09 City University Of Hong Kong Isolation enhancement technique for dual-polarized probe-fed patch antenna
CN101673881A (zh) * 2009-10-16 2010-03-17 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 宽频双极化阵列天线及其平面振子
JP5060588B2 (ja) * 2010-05-19 2012-10-31 電気興業株式会社 偏波ダイバーシチアンテナ
FR2966986B1 (fr) * 2010-10-27 2013-07-12 Alcatel Lucent Element rayonnant d'antenne
JP5309193B2 (ja) * 2011-07-19 2013-10-09 電気興業株式会社 偏波ダイバーシチアレイアンテナ装置
CN202373694U (zh) * 2011-10-26 2012-08-08 天津职业技术师范大学 具有双陷波特性的超宽带天线
WO2013104110A1 (en) 2012-01-10 2013-07-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Hole-drilled sintered ferrite sheet, antenna isolator, and antenna module
CN202496171U (zh) * 2012-01-10 2012-10-17 3M创新有限公司 钻孔烧结铁氧体片材、天线隔离体和天线模块
KR20140018620A (ko) 2012-08-02 2014-02-13 한국전자통신연구원 초소형 이중편파 안테나
US20140049439A1 (en) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-20 Jimmy Ho Compact dual-polarized multiple directly fed & em coupled stepped probe element for ultra wideband performance
CN104854758B (zh) * 2012-10-30 2017-08-25 英特尔公司 双极化偶极天线
CN103367897B (zh) * 2013-07-10 2015-02-18 电子科技大学 小型化高隔离度宽频带双极化印刷偶极子天线

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2505992Y (zh) * 2001-07-27 2002-08-14 台湾骏炎科技股份有限公司 双极化隙缝偶极阵列天线
CN1421958A (zh) * 2001-11-26 2003-06-04 智邦科技股份有限公司 整合式双极化印刷单偶极天线
CN1688067A (zh) * 2005-04-27 2005-10-26 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 双极化加载天线辐射单元
CN201289904Y (zh) * 2008-09-01 2009-08-12 寰波科技股份有限公司 双极化天线装置

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017107501A1 (en) 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. A low coupling 2×2 mimo array
CN108370103A (zh) * 2015-12-21 2018-08-03 华为技术有限公司 低耦合2×2 mimo阵列
EP3381086A4 (en) * 2015-12-21 2018-10-31 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. A low coupling 2×2 mimo array
US10333228B2 (en) 2015-12-21 2019-06-25 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Low coupling 2×2 MIMO array

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20160124219A (ko) 2016-10-26
EP3098903A4 (en) 2017-04-26
KR101857513B1 (ko) 2018-05-14
CN104868228A (zh) 2015-08-26
US10418725B2 (en) 2019-09-17
CN104868228B (zh) 2018-05-11
EP3098903B1 (en) 2019-10-30
JP6345263B2 (ja) 2018-06-20
EP3098903A1 (en) 2016-11-30
US20170012364A1 (en) 2017-01-12
JP2017506852A (ja) 2017-03-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104868228B (zh) 双极化天线及天线阵列
US12160031B2 (en) Feed network of base station antenna, base station antenna, and base station
CN109728447B (zh) 天线结构及高频多频段无线通信终端
EP3905428B1 (en) Antenna structure and high-frequency wireless communication terminal
US10985453B2 (en) Low profile high performance integrated antenna for small cell base station
CN113161720B (zh) 具有高隔离度和低交叉极化电平的天线、基站和终端
WO2020134362A1 (zh) 一种天线、天线阵列和基站
CN112290193B (zh) 毫米波模组、电子设备及毫米波模组的调节方法
EP3828998B1 (en) Terminal device
WO2021104191A1 (zh) 天线单元及电子设备
US10148014B2 (en) Highly isolated monopole antenna system
WO2021083055A1 (zh) 一种天线组件及通信设备
WO2011143491A1 (en) Radio frequency patch antennas for wireless communications
US20250226592A1 (en) Antenna apparatus and wireless communication device
KR101719963B1 (ko) 초광대역 평판형 안테나
WO2016138650A1 (en) Multiple input multiple output wireless antenna structures and communication device
US20250379363A1 (en) Antenna element, antenna system, and communication device
WO2021204247A1 (zh) 一种电子设备
CN110828987A (zh) 一种天线单元及电子设备
CN112106257A (zh) 双极化天线以及天线阵列
WO2021083213A1 (zh) 天线单元及电子设备
CN116266673A (zh) 一种天线和通信设备
WO2021083218A1 (zh) 天线单元及电子设备
CN114336016A (zh) 一种天线结构及电子设备
CN110808453A (zh) 一种天线单元及电子设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15755716

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

REEP Request for entry into the european phase

Ref document number: 2015755716

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2015755716

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2016553809

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20167026165

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A