WO2015143943A1 - 基站 - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2015143943A1
WO2015143943A1 PCT/CN2015/071547 CN2015071547W WO2015143943A1 WO 2015143943 A1 WO2015143943 A1 WO 2015143943A1 CN 2015071547 W CN2015071547 W CN 2015071547W WO 2015143943 A1 WO2015143943 A1 WO 2015143943A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ports
dual
radio frequency
polarized
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/071547
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯烈训
周涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410116678.6A external-priority patent/CN103874076B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201420140791.3U external-priority patent/CN203775416U/zh
Priority to RU2016141878A priority Critical patent/RU2659233C2/ru
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020167029290A priority patent/KR101909169B1/ko
Priority to EP15767929.1A priority patent/EP3116253B1/en
Priority to JP2016559327A priority patent/JP6325687B2/ja
Publication of WO2015143943A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015143943A1/zh
Priority to US15/276,063 priority patent/US10038246B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/034,951 priority patent/US10498039B2/en
Priority to US16/688,182 priority patent/US11258179B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/06—Details
    • H01Q9/065—Microstrip dipole antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/525—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between emitting and receiving antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communication technologies, and in particular, to a base station.
  • the radio frequency module can be a radio radio unit (RRU) or a radio frequency unit (RFU).
  • the DD800M frequency band has a total bandwidth of 30M, and 10M is a carrier. It is divided into three carriers according to the frequency band: C1, C2, C3, C1 and C2 are adjacent; C2 and C3 are adjacent. The three operators each occupy 10M of bandwidth. To save network construction costs, three operators adopt a three-party MORAN scheme, requiring one RF module to support three carriers and one carrier per carrier. However, due to the particularity of the DD800M frequency band, the implementation of the demand encounters the problem that the inter-modulation signal generated by the downlink interferes with the uplink signal.
  • the intermodulation signals generated in the downlink 3 carriers and between the carriers in the DD800M band partially fall in the uplink frequency band interval, which will seriously interfere with the uplink signal of the base station, resulting in a decrease in the receiving sensitivity of the radio frequency module. Since the transmission power of the downlink signal is large, the uplink signal is weak. If the intermodulation signal generated by the uplink signal falls within the downlink frequency band, the downlink interference is small and can be ignored. Not only DD800M, but also other frequency bands used in mobile communication will have the problem that the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink interferes with the uplink signal.
  • the dual RF module solution can solve the above intermodulation interference problem. Between the two adjacent carriers of C1+C2 in the DD800M band or between two adjacent carriers of C2+C3, the intermodulation interference generated by the downlink will not fall. In the up range.
  • each sector can be configured with 2 RRU/RFUs and 2 dual-polarized antennas, and two adjacent carriers of C1+C2 or two adjacent carriers of C2+C3 are configured on one RF module, and the other RF module is in another RF module. Two adjacent carriers of C2+C3 or two adjacent carriers of C1+C2 are configured, and two RF modules can be combined to support 3 carriers to implement 3-party MORAN function.
  • each sector needs to use two RF modules, which increases the number of RF modules, thereby increasing the cost of equipment and engineering.
  • the purpose of MORAN is to share RF modules. Therefore, the MORAN scheme is less meaningful.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a base station, which is used for solving the problem that the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink signal interferes with the uplink signal.
  • the present invention provides a base station including an antenna unit and a radio frequency unit;
  • the antenna unit includes N dual-polarized oscillators, wherein the N dual polarizations include N/2 first dual-polarized oscillators and N/2 second dual-polarizations.
  • a vibrator each of the dual-polarized vibrators corresponding to two ports on the antenna unit, and the N is an even number;
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, specifically:
  • Any two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to ports corresponding to one of the antenna elements;
  • a receiving channel corresponding to two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit connected to the two ports corresponding to the first dual-polarized vibrator in the antenna unit is in a closed state, and the first dual polarization in the antenna unit
  • the transmitting channel corresponding to the two transceiver ports of the two RF units connected to the two ports of the vibrator is in a working state
  • the transmitting channel corresponding to the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit to which the two ports corresponding to the second dual-polarized vibrator are connected in the antenna unit is in a closed state, and the second dual polarization in the antenna unit
  • the receiving channels corresponding to the two transceiver ports of the RF units connected to the two ports corresponding to the vibrator are in working state.
  • the radio frequency unit includes two receiving ports and two transceiver ports, and the antenna unit includes two dual-polarized vibrators, wherein each of the dual polarizations The vibrator has two ports on the antenna unit;
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, specifically:
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to one dual-polarized vibrator of the antenna unit, and the receiving channels of the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are in a closed state, and two of the radio frequency units are The transmitting channel of the transceiver port is in an active state, and the two receiving ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to another dual-polarized vibrator of the antenna unit.
  • the radio frequency unit includes two transceiver ports, and the antenna unit includes two single-polarized vibrators, and each of the single-polarized vibrators is on the antenna unit. Corresponding to one port;
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different single-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, specifically:
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the two ports of the antenna unit; wherein the receiving channel of any one of the transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit is in a closed state and the transmitting channel is in an active state, the radio frequency unit The transmit channel of the other transceiver port is in the off state and the receive channel is in the active state.
  • the radio frequency unit includes two radio frequency subunits, each radio frequency subunit includes three transceiver ports and three receiving ports, and the antenna unit includes six pairs. a polarized vibrator, each of the two polarized vibrators corresponding to two ports on the antenna unit; wherein the six dual-polarized vibrators include three first dual-polarized vibrators and three Two dual polarization oscillators;
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, specifically:
  • 12 ports of the antenna unit are respectively connected to 12 ports of the radio frequency unit, wherein one of the first dual-polarized vibrators of each of the antenna units is connected to one radio sub-unit a transceiver port, and the other port is connected to the transceiver port of the other radio subunit; one of the second dual polarization vibrators of the antenna unit is connected to one radio subunit Receiving port, and the other port is connected to the receiving port of another radio subunit;
  • the receiving channels of all the transceiver ports of each of the radio frequency subunits are in a closed state and the transmitting channels are in an active state.
  • the method further includes a combiner, the radio frequency unit includes a first radio frequency subunit and a second radio frequency subunit; and the antenna unit includes two dual polarized vibrators. Wherein, one dual-polarized vibrator has two ports on the antenna unit;
  • the first radio frequency unit includes two transceiver ports, and the second frequency unit includes four transceiver ports, sharing a 2-port dual-polarized antenna.
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, specifically:
  • the two transceiver ports of the second radio frequency subunit are respectively connected to two ports corresponding to one dual-polarized vibrator of the antenna unit, and the other two transceiver ports of the second radio frequency subunit are respectively connected to the 2 ports of the combiner; 2 transceiver ports of the first RF subunit are respectively connected to the other 2 ports of the combiner; the other 2 ports of the combiner are connected to the antenna unit Two ports corresponding to another dual-polarized vibrator;
  • the receiving channels of the two transceiver ports connected to the combiner in the second radio frequency subunit are in a closed state and the transmitting channel is in an active state.
  • the receiving and transmitting of the radio frequency unit are respectively on different polarization oscillators. Perform, not on the same polarized oscillator. Since the receiving and transmitting signals of the radio frequency unit are respectively performed on different dual-polarized vibrators or different single-polarized vibrators, different dual-polarized vibrators or different single-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit are isolated from each other, that is, isolated in the upper and lower channels. The up and down are completely unaffected. Therefore, the interference of the intermodulation signal of the radio frequency unit to the received signal is avoided, that is, the intermodulation signal of the downlink carrier interferes with the uplink signal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can solve the interference of the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink signal of the same frequency band on the uplink signal, and can also solve the interference of the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink signal between different frequency bands on the uplink signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of an equivalent replacement base station of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to long term evolution (LTE), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and Global System for Mobile communication (GSM).
  • the frequency bands include not limited to the DD800M, 700M, 1800M, 1900M, and 900M bands.
  • the embodiment of the invention solves the interference of the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink in the same frequency band and between different frequency bands on the uplink.
  • Intermodulation interference includes but is not limited to third-order intermodulation and fifth-order intermodulation. It should be noted that not all downlink signals interfere with the uplink signal, and interference is generated only when the intermodulation interference condition is met.
  • the intermodulation interference condition is: If f1, f2 is any two frequency points in the downlink frequency band, frequencies between 2f1+f2 and 2f1-f2 will be generated between the two frequency points. Intermodulation signal, if the intermodulation signal falls within the uplink frequency band, it will cause intermodulation interference to the uplink. Because the uplink signal is the signal transmitted by the antenna to the terminal, such as a mobile phone, the signal transmitted by the terminal is weak, and the interference has a great influence on the uplink signal. In addition, the uplink-to-downlink interference is negligible because the upstream signal (milliwatt level) is too small relative to the downstream signal (tens of watts).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station shown in FIG. 1 includes an antenna unit 11 and a radio frequency unit 12, and the radio frequency unit 12 may be an RFU or an RRU.
  • the radio unit can support DD800M three-carrier or non-adjacent two carriers.
  • the antenna unit 11 shown in Fig. 1 includes two dual-polarized vibrators or two single-polarized vibrators. Among them, the dual-polarized oscillator means that two antenna elements are mounted together, one polarization direction is +45 degrees, and one polarization direction is -45 degrees.
  • a single polarization oscillator refers to an antenna array, a polarization direction.
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit 12 and the corresponding port of the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit 12 are respectively different from the dual polarized vibrator or the different single polarized vibrator in the antenna unit 11.
  • the corresponding port is connected. That is to say, the receiving and transmitting of the radio frequency unit are performed on different dual-polarized vibrators instead of on the same dual-polarized vibrator; or the receiving and transmitting of the radio frequency unit are respectively on different single-polarized vibrators Perform, not on the same single-polarized oscillator.
  • the receiving and transmitting signals of the radio frequency unit are respectively performed on different dual-polarized vibrators or different single-polarized vibrators, different dual-polarized vibrators or different single-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit are isolated from each other, that is, an uplink channel and The downlink channel is isolated, and the uplink and downlink are completely unaffected. Therefore, the interference of the intermodulation signal of the radio frequency unit to the received signal is avoided, that is, the intermodulation signal of the downlink carrier interferes with the uplink signal.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can solve the interference of the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink signal in the same frequency band on the uplink signal, and can also solve the interference of the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink signal between different frequency bands on the uplink signal.
  • the technical solution provided in this embodiment uses the existing radio frequency unit, for example, the RRU and the RFU, and the simple and feasible networking solution, and solves the technical problem of uplink and downlink interference without increasing the radio frequency unit, and satisfies the multi-user sharing.
  • using only one RF unit in this embodiment can save 1/2 of the network construction cost and the system performance is completely unaffected compared with the use of two RF units. .
  • the antenna unit includes N dual-polarized oscillators, and one dual-polarized oscillator is in the In the case where there are two ports on the antenna unit and the radio frequency unit includes 2N transceiver ports, in order to avoid interference of the third-order intermodulation signal of the downlink carrier on the uplink signal, the connection manner of the antenna unit and the radio unit is as follows:
  • N is an even number
  • N dual-polarized oscillators include N/2 first dual-polarized oscillators and N/2 second dual-polarized oscillators.
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, specifically:
  • Any two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to ports corresponding to one of the antenna elements.
  • the receiving channel corresponding to the two transceiver ports of the two port-connected radio frequency units corresponding to the first dual-polarized vibrator in the antenna unit is in a closed state, and the first dual-polarized vibrator in the antenna unit
  • the corresponding one of the two transceiver ports connected to the two ports is in the working state.
  • the transmitting channel corresponding to the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit to which the two ports corresponding to the second dual-polarized vibrator are connected in the antenna unit is in a closed state, and the second dual polarization in the antenna unit
  • the receiving channels corresponding to the two transceiver ports of the RF units connected to the two ports corresponding to the vibrator are in working state.
  • the N dual-polarized oscillators of the antenna unit are divided into two groups, wherein the receiving function of the transmitting and receiving ports of the radio frequency unit connected to one set of the dual-polarized vibrators is turned off, and the transmitting and receiving ports of the radio frequency unit to which the other dual-polarized vibrators are connected are closed.
  • the transmitting function is turned off. Therefore, the radio unit performs receiving signals and transmitting signals on different dual-polarized vibrators, thereby avoiding interference of the intermodulation signals generated by the downlink signals on the uplink signals, whether the same frequency band or different frequency bands. In the meantime, the interference of the intermodulation signal generated by the downlink signal to the uplink signal can be solved.
  • TX Transmit
  • RX Receiveive
  • RX/TX Receiveive/Transmit
  • the antenna unit 11 provided in this embodiment includes two dual-polarized oscillators, wherein one dual-polarized oscillator is a first dual-polarized vibrator, and the other dual-polarized vibrator is a second double.
  • Polarized oscillator A dual-polarized vibrator has two ports on the antenna unit.
  • the radio unit 12 provided in this embodiment includes four transceiver ports: A, B, C, and D.
  • the antenna unit 11 is two dual-polarized antennas each having two ports, and two dual-polarized antennas are mounted together.
  • the antenna unit 11 can also be a dual-polarized antenna having four ports.
  • the radio frequency unit 12 can be an RFU or an RRU.
  • the radio unit can support three carriers of the DD800M or non-adjacent two carriers of the DD800M.
  • the four transceiver ports of the radio unit 12 are respectively connected to the four ports of the antenna unit.
  • the receiving channels of the two transceiver ports A and B corresponding to one dual-polarized vibrator 111 connected to the antenna unit 11 in the radio frequency unit 12 are in a closed state, and the radio unit is connected to the antenna unit.
  • the transmitting channels of the two transceiver ports C and D of one dual-polarized vibrator 112 are in a closed state.
  • the receiving channels of the transceiver ports A and B of the radio frequency unit 12 are in a closed state, and the transmitting and receiving ports A and B of the radio frequency unit 12 have only a transmitting function, and the transmitting channels of the transmitting and receiving ports C and D of the radio frequency unit 12 are in a closed state.
  • the transceiver ports C and D of the radio unit 12 have only a receiving function, the radio unit 12 transmits a signal through the dual-polarized vibrator 111 of the antenna unit 11, and the radio unit 12 receives a signal through the dual-polarized vibrator 112 of the antenna unit 11.
  • the receiving signal and the transmitting signal of the radio frequency unit 12 are respectively performed on different dual-polarized vibrators, the intermodulation signals generated by the transmitting signals of the transmitting and receiving ports A and B of the radio frequency unit 12 are avoided, and the transmitting and receiving port C of the radio frequency unit 12 is interfered. And D receive signals. Similarly, the intermodulation signals generated by the transmission signals of the transceiver ports C and D of the radio frequency unit 12 are also avoided, and the reception signals of the transceiver ports A and B of the radio frequency unit 12 are interfered.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is different from FIG. 2A in that the radio frequency unit 11 in FIG. 3 includes two receiving ports and two transceiver ports, wherein A and B are transceiver ports, C and D are receiving ports, and the radio frequency unit 11 in FIG. 2A. Includes 4 transceiver ports.
  • the antenna unit in FIG. 3 is a dual-polarized antenna having four ports, and may also be two dual-polarized antennas each having two ports.
  • the radio frequency unit 12 can be an RFU or an RRU.
  • the radio unit can support DD800M triple carrier or DD800M non-adjacent two carriers.
  • the antenna unit 11 includes two dual-polarized oscillators, wherein one dual-polarized oscillator has two ports on the antenna unit.
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, and the specific implementation manner is as follows:
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the corresponding ports of one pair of dual-polarized oscillators 111 of the antenna unit, and the receiving channels of the two transceiver ports A and B of the radio frequency unit are in a closed state, and two transceivers of the radio frequency unit are transmitted and received.
  • the transmit channels of ports A and B are in an active state; the two receive ports C and D of the radio unit are respectively connected to corresponding ports of another pair of dual-polarized oscillators 112 of the antenna unit. Therefore, the radio frequency unit transmits signals from the transceiver ports A and B, and receives signals from the receiving ports C and D, and the third-order intermodulation signals between the downlink carriers do not interfere with the uplink signals.
  • the radio unit 12 can also include two transceiver ports A and B, and two transmission ports C and D.
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio unit are respectively connected to the corresponding port of one pair of dual-polarized oscillators 111 of the antenna unit, and the transmitting channels of the two transceiver ports A and B of the radio unit are in a closed state;
  • the transmitting ports C and D are respectively connected to the corresponding ports of the pair of other dual polarized vibrators 112 of the antenna unit.
  • ports C and D of the radio unit transmit signals through the dual-polarized vibrator 112, and ports A and B receive signals through the dual-polarized vibrator 111, ensuring maximum antenna isolation for transmission and reception, and intermodulation signals generated by the downlink are not Interference with the upstream signal.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna unit of this embodiment uses a single polarization vibrator.
  • the antenna unit 11 includes two single-polarized oscillators, one single-polarized oscillator corresponds to one port on the antenna unit, and the radio frequency unit 12 includes two transceiver ports.
  • the antenna unit 11 may be two antennas each having one single-polarized vibrator, or one single-polarized antenna having two ports. This embodiment is applicable to indoor coverage networking.
  • the radio unit 12 supports three carriers of the DD800M or non-adjacent two carriers of the DD800M.
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different single-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, and the specific implementation manner is as follows:
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to two ports of the antenna unit; wherein, the receiving channel of one transceiver port of the radio frequency unit is in a closed state and the transmitting channel is in a In the working state, the transmitting channel of the other transceiver port of the radio frequency unit is in the off state and the receiving channel is in the working state.
  • the receiving channel of the A port of the radio frequency unit 12 is in a closed state
  • the transmitting channel of the B port is in a closed state, that is, a signal is transmitted from the A port, a signal is received from the B port, and the A port and The B port is connected to different single-polarized vibrators.
  • the receiving and transmitting of the radio frequency unit 12 are performed on different single-polarized vibrators on the antenna unit, and the transmitting signal of the A port does not interfere with the receiving signal of the B port, thereby avoiding The intermodulation signal between the downlink carriers interferes with the uplink signal.
  • the receiving channel of the B port can be closed, and the transmitting channel of the A port can be closed. That is, the signal is transmitted from the A port, the signal is received from the B port, and the A port and the B port are connected to different single-polarized vibrators. Therefore, the receiving and transmitting of the radio frequency unit 12 are performed on different single-polarized vibrators on the antenna unit, respectively.
  • the transmit signal of the A port does not interfere with the received signal of the B port, and the intermodulation signal between the downlink carriers is prevented from interfering with the uplink signal.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the radio frequency unit is set to three ports to transmit six ports, and when networking, three sectors per station are configured, and two RRU/RFUs are configured.
  • the radio frequency unit provided in this embodiment includes two radio frequency subunits, each radio subunit includes three transceiver ports and three receiving ports, and each radio unit can support
  • the antenna unit includes six dual-polarized oscillators, wherein each dual-polarized oscillator has two ports on the antenna unit.
  • the radio frequency unit 12 includes two radio frequency sub-units 121 and 122, wherein ports 1, 3, and 5 in the radio frequency sub-unit 121 are transceiver ports, and ports 2, 4, and 6 are receiving ports; Ports 1, 3, and 5 in 122 are transceiver ports, and ports 2, 4, and 6 are receiving ports.
  • the antenna unit is three dual-polarized antennas 111, 112, and 113 each having four ports.
  • the port corresponding to the receiving channel of the radio frequency unit and the port corresponding to the transmitting channel of the radio frequency unit are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit, and the specific implementation manner is as follows:
  • 12 ports of the antenna unit are respectively connected to 12 ports of the radio frequency unit, wherein one of the first dual-polarized vibrators of the antenna unit is connected to one radio frequency sub-unit for transmission and reception a port, wherein another one of the first dual-polarized vibrators is connected to a transceiver port of another one of the radio sub-units; each of the second dual-polarized vibrating elements of the antenna unit One port of the sub-port is connected to the receiving port of one radio sub-unit, and the other one of the second dual-polarized vibrators is connected to the receiving port of the other radio sub-unit.
  • the receiving function of all the transceiver ports of each of the radio frequency subunits is turned off, that is, the receiving channels of all the transceiver ports of each of the radio frequency subunits are in the off state and the transmitting channel is in the working state. That is, the two radio subunits each use one transmit port and one receive port, and one dual port antenna with 4 ports or two dual polarized antennas with 2 ports respectively. One has 2 ports for transmission 2
  • the sector received by the port, the two radio subunits constitute three sectors of the uplink and downlink isolation, and the two ports receive the sector received by the two ports.
  • one port of one dual-polarized vibrator of the dual-polarized antenna 111 is connected to the transceiver port 1 of the radio frequency sub-unit 121, and the other port of the dual-polarized vibrator is connected to the radio frequency sub-unit.
  • Transceiver port 1 of 122; one of the other dual-polarized vibrators of the dual-polarized antenna 111 is connected to the receiving port 2 of the radio sub-unit 121, and the other port of the dual-polarized vibrator is connected to the radio frequency sub-port Receive port 2 of unit 122.
  • the transceiver port 1 of the radio frequency sub-unit 121 and the transceiver port 1 of the radio frequency sub-unit 122 transmit signals through one dual-polarized vibrator of the dual-polarized antenna 111, and receive signals through another dual-polarized vibrator of the dual-polarized antenna 111.
  • the received signal and the transmitted signal are performed on different dual-polarized oscillators, which avoids interference between the inter-modulation signals of the downlink carriers on the uplink signals.
  • the manner in which the dual-polarized antenna 112 and the dual-polarized antenna 113 are connected to the radio frequency sub-unit is similar to the manner in which the dual-polarized antenna 111 is connected to the radio frequency sub-unit.
  • the receiving channels of all the transceiver ports of each radio subunit are in a closed state, and only have a transmitting function during operation.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the two radio frequency subunits share a dual polarized antenna through the combiner.
  • the base station provided in this embodiment includes an antenna unit 11, a radio frequency unit 12, and a combiner 13.
  • the radio frequency unit includes a radio frequency sub-unit 121 and a radio frequency sub-unit 122.
  • the antenna unit 11 includes two dual-polarized vibrators. Each of the dual-polarized vibrators has two ports on the antenna unit.
  • the radio frequency sub-unit 121 includes two transceiver ports, the radio frequency sub-unit 122 includes four transceiver ports, and the radio frequency sub-unit 121 and the radio frequency sub-unit 122 share a 2-port dual-polarized antenna. That is, the 2T2R radio frequency sub-unit 121 uses the F1 frequency band, the 4T4R radio frequency sub-unit 122 uses the F2 frequency band, and the F2 frequency band and the F1 frequency band share a dual-polarized antenna through the combiner to form 4 ports. A system that transmits 4 ports to receive.
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency sub-unit 122 are respectively connected to two ports corresponding to one dual-polarized vibrator 111 of the antenna unit, and the other two transceiver ports of the radio frequency sub-unit 122 are respectively connected to the combiner 13 2 ports.
  • the two transceiver ports of the radio frequency sub-unit 121 are respectively connected to the other two ports of the combiner 13; the other two ports of the combiner are connected to the other dual-polarized vibrator 112 of the antenna unit. 2 ports.
  • the third-order intermodulation signal frequency of the F1 band downlink carrier falls in the uplink region of the F2 band, which affects the F2 receiving performance.
  • the radio channel is in the working state corresponding to the receiving channel and the radio unit.
  • the ports corresponding to the transmitting channels in the working state are respectively connected to the ports corresponding to different dual-polarized vibrators in the antenna unit.
  • the receiving function can be turned off by turning off the two transceiver ports A and B of the radio subunit 122 using the F2 band, that is, the receiving channels of the two transceiver ports connected to the combiner in the radio subunit 122 are in the off state and the transmitting channel is in operation. State to prevent the influence of the third-order intermodulation signal of the downlink carrier of the F1 band on the performance of the F2 band.
  • the transceiver ports A and B of the radio frequency sub-unit 122 transmit signals through the dual-polarization antenna 111, and the transceiver ports C and D transmit and receive signals through the dual-polarization antenna 112, so that the intermodulation signals generated by the downlink signals transmitted by the radio frequency sub-unit 121 can be avoided.
  • the effect on the signal received by the RF subunit 122 In this embodiment, only the intermodulation signal generated by the F1 downlink interferes with the uplink signal of F1.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种基站，包括天线单元和射频单元；所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与所述天线单元中不同双极化振子或不同的单极化振子所对应的端口连接，所述天线单元中不同的双极化振子或不同的单极化振子相互隔离。无论是相同频段间还是不相同的频段间，本发明实施例都可以解决下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰。

Description

基站 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯技术，尤其涉及一种基站。
背景技术
随着运营商建设资金的紧张，网络共享已成为一种普遍使用的建网方式。网络共享通常分为多运营商共享无线接入网(Multioperator Radio Access Network，简称MORAN)和多运营商共享网络(Multioperator core network，简称MOCN)。MOCN是多各运营商家共享频谱和无线接入设备，MORAN是多各运营商各具有自己独立的频谱，只共享无线接入设备，例如，三个运营商各有自己的频谱，但共享一个射频模块和天线，这样对每个运营商来说，原来每家运营商都要建设一套基站设备，而现在三家运营商只用一套基站设备，因而，既可节省2/3的建网成本，又可同时保证自己的频谱竞争力。射频模块可以是射频拉远单元(Remote Radio Unit，简称RRU)，或者是宏基站射频单元(Radio Frequency Unit，简称RFU)
DD800M频段共30M带宽，设10M为一个载波，按频段连续分为3个载波：C1、C2、C3，C1和C2相邻；C2和C3相邻。3个运营商各占10M的带宽，为节约建网成本，3个运营商采用三方MORAN方案，要求一个射频模块支持3个载波，每家运营商一个载波。但由于DD800M频段的特殊性，该需求实现中，遇到了下行产生的互调信号对上行信号进行干扰的问题。DD800M频段的下行3个载波内和载波间产生的互调信号，一部分落在了上行的频段区间，会严重干扰基站的上行信号，导致射频模块接收灵敏度降低。由于下行信号的发射功率很大，上行信号较弱，如果上行信号产生的互调信号落在了下行频段区间对下行干扰较小，可以忽略不计。不仅DD800M，移动通讯使用的其他频段也会有下行产生的互调信号对上行信号进行干扰的问题。
双射频模块方案可以解决上述互调干扰问题。DD800M频段的C1+C2两个相邻载波间或C2+C3两个相邻载波间，下行产生的互调干扰不会落 在上行区间。这样，每个扇区可配置2个RRU/RFU和2个双极化天线，在一个射频模块上配置C1+C2两个相邻载波或C2+C3两个相邻载波，在另一个射频模块上配置C2+C3两个相邻载波或C1+C2两个相邻载波，两个射频模块组合在一起可以支持3载波，实现3方MORAN功能。然而，每个扇区需要使用2个射频模块，增加了射频模块的个数，从而增加了设备和工程的成本，而MORAN目的是就是为了共享射频模块。因此，MORAN方案意义降低。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种基站，用于解决下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰问题。
本发明提供一种基站，包括天线单元和射频单元；
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与所述天线单元中不同双极化振子或不同单极化振子所对应的端口连接，所述天线单元中不同的双极化振子或不同单极化振子相互隔离。
在第一种可能的实旄方式中，所述天线单元包括N个双极化振子，其中N个双极化包括N/2个第一双极化振子和N/2个第二双极化振子，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口，所述N为偶数；
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
所述射频单元的任意2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元中一个双极化振子所对应的端口；
与所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于工作状态；
所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于工作状态。
结合第一方面，在第二种可能的实施方式中，所述射频单元包括2个接收端口和2个收发端口，所述天线单元包括2个双极化振子，其中，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
所述射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的一个双极化振子所对应的端口，所述射频单元的2个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述射频单元的2个收发端口的发射通道处于工作状态，所述射频单元的2个接收端口分别连接至所述天线单元的另一个双极化振子所对应的端口。
结合第一方面，在第三种可能的实施方式中，所述射频单元包括2个收发端口，所述天线单元包括2个单极化振子，每1个单极化振子在所述天线单元上对应一个端口；
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同单极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
所述射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的2个端口；其中，所述射频单元的任意1个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态，所述射频单元的另外1个收发端口的发射通道处于关闭状态而接收通道处于工作状态。
结合第一方面，在第四种可能的实施方式中，所述射频单元包括2个射频子单元，每个射频子单元包括3个收发端口和3个接收端口，所述天线单元包括6个双极化振子，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；其中，所述6个双极化振子包括3个第一双极化振子和3个第 二双极化振子；
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
所述天线单元的12个端口分别连接至所述射频单元的12个端口，其中，所述天线单元中的每一个所述第一双极化振子中的1个端口连接至1个射频子单元的收发端口，而另1个端口连接至另1个射频子单元的收发端口；所述天线单元中的每一个所述第二双极化振子中的1个端口连接至1个射频子单元的接收端口，而另1个端口连接至另1个射频子单元的接收端口；
每个所述射频子单元的所有收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态。
结合第一方面，在第五种可能的实施方式中，还包括合路器，所述射频单元包括第一射频子单元和第二射频子单元；所述天线单元包括2个双极化振子，其中，1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；
第一射频单元包括2个收发端口，第二频频单元包括4个收发端口，共用一根2端口的双极化天线。
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
所述第二射频子单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元中一个双极化振子所对应的2个端口，所述第二射频子单元的另外2个收发端口分别连接至所述合路器的2个端口；所述第一射频子单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述合路器的另外2个端口；所述合路器的其它2个端口连接至所述天线单元中另一个双极化振子所对应的2个端口；
所述第二射频子单元中连接至合路器的2个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态。
上述技术方案中，射频单元的接收和发射分别在不同的极化振子上 进行，而不是在同一个极化振子上进行。由于，射频单元接收信号和发射信号分别在不同的双极化振子或不同的单极化振子上进行，天线单元中不同的双极化振子或不同的单极化振子相互隔离即上下行通道隔离，上下行完全不受影响。因此，避免了射频单元发射信号的互调信号对接收信号的干扰，即下行载波的互调信号对上行信号的干扰。通过本发明实施例提供的方法可以解决同一频段的下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰，也可以解决不同频段间的下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种基站结构示意图；
图2A为本发明实施例提供的另一种基站结构示意图；
图2B为图2A的等同替代基站结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的又一种基站结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的再一种基站结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的再一种基站结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的再一种基站结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例适用于长期演进(Long Term Evolution，简称LTE)、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，简称：UMTS)和全球移动通信系统(Global System for Mobile communication，简称GSM)等制式，支持的频段包括不限于DD800M、700M、1800M、1900M和900M频段。本发明实施例解决了同一频段的和不同频段间，下行产生的互调信号对上行的干扰。互调干扰包括但不限于三阶互调和五阶互调。需要说明的是：不是所有的下行信号都对上行信号有干扰，只有满足互调干扰条件才会产生干扰。互调干扰条件是：假如f1,f2是下行频段中的任意两个频点,这两个频点之间会产生频率为2f1+f2和2f1-f2的 互调信号，如果互调信号落在上行频段内，则会对上行产生互调干扰。因为上行信号是天线接收到终端例如手机发射的信号，终端发射的信号很弱，干扰对上行信号的影响很大。另外，上行对下行的干扰可以忽略不计，因为上行信号(毫瓦级)相对下行信号(几十瓦)太小。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种基站结构示意图。如图1所示的基站包括天线单元11和射频单元12，射频单元12可以是RFU，也可以是RRU。射频单元可以支持DD800M三载波或非相邻两载波。图1所示的天线单元11包括两个双极化振子或者两个单极化振子。其中，双极化振子是指两个天线阵子安装在一起，一个极化方向是+45度，一个极化方向是-45度。单极化振子是指一个天线阵子，一个极化方向。
其中，射频单元12处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元12处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与所述天线单元11中不同双极化振子或不同的单极化振子所对应的端口连接。也就是说，射频单元的接收和发射分别在不同的双极化振子上进行，而不是在同一个双极化振子上进行；或者，射频单元的接收和发射分别在不同的单极化振子上进行，而不是在同一个单极化振子上进行。
由于，射频单元接收信号和发射信号分别在不同的双极化振子或不同的单极化振子上进行，天线单元中不同的双极化振子或不同的单极化振子相互隔离，即上行通道和下行通道隔离，上下行完全不受影响。因此，避免了射频单元发射信号的互调信号对接收信号的干扰，即下行载波的互调信号对上行信号的干扰。通过本发明实施例提供的方法可以解决同一频段的下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰，也可以有解决不同频段间的下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰。
本实施例提供的技术方案使用现有的射频单元，例如，RRU和RFU，以及简单可行的组网方案，不需要增加射频单元的情况下，解决了上下行干扰技术难题，满足了多用户共享射频单元的需求，相比现有多RRU/RFU解决方案，使用本实施例只使用一个射频单元与使用2个射频单元相比，节约了1/2的建网成本，系统性能完全不受影响。
举例来说，所述天线单元包括N个双极化振子，1个双极化振子在所 述天线单元上对应有2个端口且射频单元包括2N个收发端口的情况下，为避免下行载波的三阶互调信号对上行信号的干扰，天线单元和射频单元的连接方式如下：
N为偶数，N个双极化振子包括N/2个第一双极化振子和N/2个第二双极化振子。
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
所述射频单元的任意2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元中一个双极化振子所对应的端口。
所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于工作状态。所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于工作状态。也就是说，天线单元的N个双极化振子分成两组，其中一组双极化振子连接的射频单元的收发端口的接收功能关闭，另一组双极化振子连接的射频单元的收发端口的发送功能关闭，因此，射频单元在不同的双极化振子上进行接收信号和发送信号，从而避免了下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰，无论是相同频段间还是不相同的频段间，都可以解决下行信号产生的互调信号对上行信号的干扰。
在图2A至图6中，TX(Transmit)表示发送端口，RX(Receive)表示接收端口，RX/TX(Receive/Transmit)表示收发端口。图2A至图6对应实施例分别为图1的具体实施例。
图2A为本发明实施例提供的另一种基站结构示意图。如图2A所示，本实施例提供的天线单元11包括2个双极化振子，其中，其中1个双极化振子为第一双极化振子，另1个双极化振子为第二双极化振子，每 1个双极化振子在天线单元上对应有2个端口；本实施例提供的射频单元12包括4个收发端口：A、B、C和D。如图2A所示，天线单元11为2根分别具有2个端口的双极化天线，两根双极化天线安装在一起。如图2B所示，天线单元11也可以为1根具有4个端口的双极化天线。射频单元12可以是RFU，也可以是RRU。射频单元可以支持DD800M的三载波或DD800M的非相邻两载波。
射频单元12的4个收发端口分别连接至天线单元的4个端口。其中，所述射频单元12中连接至所述天线单元11的一个双极化振子111所对应的2个收发端口A和B的接收通道处于关闭状态，射频单元中连接至所述天线单元的另一个双极化振子112的2个收发端口C和D的发射通道处于关闭状态。也就是说，射频单元12的收发端口A和B的接收通道处于关闭状态，工作时射频单元12的收发端口A和B只有发射功能，射频单元12的收发端口C和D的发射通道处于关闭状态，工作时射频单元12的收发端口C和D只有接收功能，射频单元12通过天线单元11的双极化振子111发射信号，射频单元12通过天线单元11的双极化振子112接收信号。由于射频单元12接收信号和发射信号分别在不同的双极化振子上进行，因此，避免了射频单元12的收发端口A和B的发射信号产生的互调信号，干扰射频单元12的收发端口C和D的接收信号。同样，也避免了射频单元12的收发端口C和D的发射信号产生的互调信号，干扰射频单元12的收发端口A和B的接收信号。
图3为本发明实施例提供的又一种基站结构示意图。图3与图2A的区别在于，图3中的射频单元11包括2个接收端口和2个收发端口，其中，A和B为收发端口，C和D为接收端口，而图2A中射频单元11包括4个收发端口。图3中的天线单元为1根具有4个端口的双极化天线，也可以为2根分别具有2个端口的双极化天线。射频单元12可以是RFU，也可以是RRU。射频单元可以支持DD800M三载波或DD800M非相邻两载波。
同样，天线单元11包括2个双极化振子，其中，1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口。
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体实现方式如下：
射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的一个双极化振子111对所对应的端口，射频单元的2个收发端口A和B的接收通道处于关闭状态，射频单元的2个收发端口A和B的发射通道处于工作状态；所述射频单元的2个接收端口C和D分别连接至天线单元的另一个双极化振子112对所对应的端口。因此，射频单元从收发端口A和B发射信号，从接收端口C和D接收信号，下行载波间的三阶互调信号不会对上行信号产生干扰。
同理，射频单元12也可以包括2个收发端口A和B，2个发射端口C和D。射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的一个双极化振子111对所对应的端口，射频单元的2个收发端口A和B的发射通道处于关闭状态；所述射频单元的2个发射端口C和D分别连接至天线单元的另一个双极化振子112对所对应的端口。因此，射频单元的端口C和D通过双极化振子112发射信号，端口A和B通过双极化振子111接收信号，保证发送和接收的最大的天线隔离度，下行产生的互调信号不会对上行信号产生干扰。
图4为本发明实施例提供的又一种基站结构示意图。本实施例天线单元采用单极化振子。如图4所示，所述天线单元11包括2个单极化振子，1个单极化振子在所述天线单元上对应一个端口，射频单元12包括2个收发端口。其中，天线单元11可以是2根分别具有1个单极化振子的天线，也可以是1根具有2个端口的单极化天线。本实施例适用于室内覆盖组网。射频单元12支持DD800M的三载波或DD800M的非相邻两载波。
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同单极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体实现方式如下：
所述射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的2个端口；其中，射频单元的1个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于 工作状态，所述射频单元的另外1个收发端口的发射通道处于关闭状态而接收通道处于工作状态。具体地，图4中射频单元12的A端口的接收通道工作时处于关闭状态，B端口的发射通道工作时处于关闭状态，也就是，从A端口发射信号，从B端口接收信号，A端口和B端口连接不同的单极化振子，因而，射频单元12的接收和发射分别在天线单元上不同的单极化振子上进行，A端口的发射信号对B端口的接收信号不会产生干扰，避免了下行载波间的互调信号对上行信号产生干扰。同理，也可以将B端口的接收通道关闭，A端口的发射通道关闭。也就是，从A端口发射信号，从B端口接收信号，A端口和B端口连接不同的单极化振子，因而，射频单元12的接收和发射分别在天线单元上不同的单极化振子上进行，A端口的发射信号对B端口的接收信号不会产生干扰，避免了下行载波间的互调信号对上行信号产生干扰。
图5为本发明实施例提供的又一种基站结构示意图。本实施例将射频单元设置为3个端口发射6个端口接收，组网时，每站三个扇区，配置2个RRU/RFU。本实施例提供的射频单元包括2个射频子单元，每个射频子单元包括3个收发端口和3个接收端口，每个射频单元可以支持
DD800M三载波或非相邻两载波。天线单元包括6个双极化振子，其中，每个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口。
如图5所示，射频单元12包括2个射频子单元121和122，其中，射频子单元121中的端口1、3和5为收发端口，端口2、4和6为接收端口；射频子单元122中的端口1、3和5为收发端口，端口2、4和6为接收端口。天线单元为3根分别4个端口的双极化天线111、112和113。
所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体实现方式如下：
天线单元的12个端口分别连接至所述射频单元的12个端口，其中，所述天线单元中的每一个所述第一双极化振子中的1个端口连接至1个射频子单元的收发端口，而所述第一双极化振子中的另1个端口连接至另1个射频子单元的收发端口；所述天线单元中的每一个所述第二双极化振 子中的1个端口连接至1个射频子单元的接收端口，而所述第二双极化振子中的另1个端口连接至另1个射频子单元的接收端口。为避免下行发射干扰上行接收，关闭每个所述射频子单元的所有收发端口的接收功能，即每个所述射频子单元的所有收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态。也就是，两个射频子单元各自使用一个发射端口和一个接收端口，和一根具有4端口的双极化天线或者2根分别具有2个端口的双极化天线组成一个具有2个端口发射2个端口接收的扇区，两个射频子单元组成了3个上下行隔离的2个端口发射2个端口接收的扇区。
如图5所示，双极化天线111的一个双极化振子中的1个端口连接至射频子单元121的收发端口1，而该双极化振子中的另1个端口连接至射频子单元122的收发端口1；双极化天线111的另一个双极化振子中的1个端口连接至射频子单元121的接收端口2，而该双极化振子中的另1个端口连接至射频子单元122的接收端口2。如此，射频子单元121的收发端口1和射频子单元122的收发端口1通过双极化天线111的一个双极化振子发射信号，通过双极化天线111的另一个双极化振子接收信号，接收信号和发射信号在不同的双极化振子上进行，避免了下行载波间的互调信号对上行信号产生干扰。
双极化天线112和双极化天线113与射频子单元的连接方式与双极化天线111与射频子单元的连接方式类似。为避免下行发射产生的互调信号干扰上行接收，每个射频子单元的所有收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态，工作时只具有发射功能。
图6为本发明实施例提供的又一种基站结构示意图。本实施例中两个射频子单元通过合路器共用一个双极化天线。如图6所示，本实施例提供的基站包括天线单元11、射频单元12和合路器13。其中，射频单元包括射频子单元121和射频子单元122，天线单元11包括2个双极化振子，其中，每1个双极化振子在天线单元上对应有2个端口。
射频子单元121包括2个收发端口，射频子单元122包括4个收发端口，射频子单元121和射频子单元122共用一根2端口的双极化天线。也就是，2T2R射频子单元121使用F1频段，4T4R的射频子单元122使用F2频段，F2频段与F1频段通过合路器共用一个双极化天线组成4个端口 发射4个端口接收的系统。
射频子单元122的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元中一个双极化振子111所对应的2个端口，射频子单元122的另外2个收发端口分别连接至所述合路器13的2个端口。射频子单元121的2个收发端口分别连接至所述合路器13的另外2个端口；所述合路器的其它2个端口连接至所述天线单元中另一个双极化振子112所对应的2个端口。
F1频段下行载波的三阶互调信号频率落在了F2频段的上行区域，对F2接收性能会造成影响，为避免干扰，所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体实现方式如下：
可通过关闭使用F2频段的射频子单元122的2个收发端口A和B接收功能，也就是射频子单元122中连接至合路器的2个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态，以阻止F1频段下行载波的三阶互调信号对F2频段性能的影响。如此，射频子单元122的收发端口A和B通过双极化天线111发射信号，收发端口C和D通过双极化天线112收发信号，可以避免射频子单元121发射的下行信号产生的互调信号，对射频子单元122接收信号的影响。本实施例中只有F1下行产生的互调信号干扰了F1的上行信号。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。c

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括天线单元和射频单元；
    所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与所述天线单元中不同双极化振子或不同的单极化振子所对应的端口连接，所述天线单元中不同的双极化振子或不同的单极化振子相互隔离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基站，其特征在于，所述天线单元包括N个双极化振子，其中所述N个双极化包括N/2个第一双极化振子和N/2个第二双极化振子，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口，所述N为偶数；所述射频单元包括2N个收发端口；
    所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
    所述射频单元的任意2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元中一个双极化振子所对应的端口；
    与所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于工作状态；
    所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于工作状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基站，其特征在于，所述射频单元包括4个收发端口，所述天线单元包括2个双极化振子，其中，其中1个双极化振子为第一双极化振子，另1个双极化振子为第二双极化振子，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；
    与所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频 单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第一双极化振子所对应的2个端口连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于工作状态，具体为：
    所述射频单元的4个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的4个端口；其中，所述射频单元中连接至所述天线单元的一个双极化振子所对应的2个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述射频单元中连接至所述天线单元的一个双极化振子所对应的2个收发端口的发射通道处于工作状态；
    所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的发射通道处于关闭状态，所述天线单元中所述第二双极化振子所对应的2个端口所连接的射频单元中的2个收发端口对应的接收通道处于工作状态，具体为：
    所述射频单元中连接至所述天线单元的另一个双极化振子的2个收发端口的发射通道处于关闭状态，所述射频单元中连接至所述天线单元的另一个双极化振子的2个收发端口的接收通道处于工作状态。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基站，其特征在于，所述射频单元包括2个接收端口和2个收发端口，所述天线单元包括2个双极化振子，其中，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；
    所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
    所述射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的一个双极化振子所对应的端口，所述射频单元的2个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态，所述射频单元的2个收发端口的发射通道处于工作状态，所述射频单元的2个接收端口分别连接至所述天线单元的另一个双极化振子所对应的端口。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的基站，其特征在于，所述天线单元为1根具有4个端口的双极化天线，或者，所述天线单元为2根分别具有2个端口的双极化天线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基站，其特征在于，所述射频单元包括2个收发端口，所述天线单元包括2个单极化振子，每1个单极化振子在所述天线单元上对应一个端口；
    所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同单极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
    所述射频单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元的2个端口；其中，所述射频单元的任意1个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态，所述射频单元的另外1个收发端口的发射通道处于关闭状态而接收通道处于工作状态。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基站，其特征在于，所述射频单元包括2个射频子单元，每个射频子单元包括3个收发端口和3个接收端口，所述天线单元包括6个双极化振子，每1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；其中，所述6个双极化振子包括3个第一双极化振子和3个第二双极化振子；
    所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
    所述天线单元的12个端口分别连接至所述射频单元的12个端口，其中，所述天线单元中的每一个所述第一双极化振子中的1个端口连接至1个射频子单元的收发端口，而另1个端口连接至另1个射频子单元的收发端口；所述天线单元中的每一个所述第二双极化振子中的1个端口连接至1个射频子单元的接收端口，而另1个端口连接至另1个射频子单元的接收端口；
    每个所述射频子单元的所有收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的基站，其特征在于，所述天线单元为3根分别具有4个端口的双极化天线。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的基站，其特征在于，还包括合路器，所述射频单元包括第一射频子单元和第二射频子单元；所述天线单元包括2个双极化振子，其中，1个双极化振子在所述天线单元上对应有2个端口；
    第一射频单元包括2个收发端口，第二频频单元包括4个收发端口，共用一根2端口的双极化天线。
    所述射频单元处于工作状态的接收通道对应的端口和所述射频单元处于工作状态的发射通道对应的端口，分别与天线单元中不同双极化振子所对应的端口连接，具体为：
    所述第二射频子单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述天线单元中一个双极化振子所对应的2个端口，所述第二射频子单元的另外2个收发端口分别连接至所述合路器的2个端口；所述第一射频子单元的2个收发端口分别连接至所述合路器的另外2个端口；所述合路器的其它2个端口连接至所述天线单元中另一个双极化振子所对应的2个端口；
    所述第二射频子单元中连接至合路器的2个收发端口的接收通道处于关闭状态而发射通道处于工作状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的基站，其特征在于，所述天线单元包括2根分别具有2个端口的双极化天线。
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