WO2015154535A1 - 多取代的吡啶化合物、制备方法、用途及药物组合物 - Google Patents

多取代的吡啶化合物、制备方法、用途及药物组合物 Download PDF

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WO2015154535A1
WO2015154535A1 PCT/CN2014/095461 CN2014095461W WO2015154535A1 WO 2015154535 A1 WO2015154535 A1 WO 2015154535A1 CN 2014095461 W CN2014095461 W CN 2014095461W WO 2015154535 A1 WO2015154535 A1 WO 2015154535A1
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cancer
formula
pharmaceutically acceptable
compound
hydrate
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English (en)
French (fr)
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易崇勤
许恒
陶晶
林松文
韩方斌
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Peking University Founder Group Co Ltd
PKU Healthcare Industry Group
PKUCare Pharmaceutical R&D Center
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Peking University Founder Group Co Ltd
PKU Healthcare Industry Group
PKUCare Pharmaceutical R&D Center
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Priority to JP2017504218A priority Critical patent/JP6294561B2/ja
Priority to US15/302,723 priority patent/US9902709B2/en
Priority to KR1020167030986A priority patent/KR101821516B1/ko
Priority to EP14888830.8A priority patent/EP3130588B1/en
Publication of WO2015154535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154535A1/zh
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/04Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4439Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • A61P35/02Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry, and in particular to a polysubstituted pyridine compound, a preparation method, a use and a pharmaceutical composition.
  • Molecularly targeted drugs are a key mode of action for receptors or transduction processes in the process of cell carcinogenesis, and a therapeutic mode that inhibits tumor growth at the molecular level. It targets the characteristic molecules of tumor cells and exerts anti-tumor effects while reducing the toxic side effects on normal cells.
  • VEGFR is an important class of tyrosine kinases, and many studies have shown that its signal transduction pathway dysregulation plays an important role in tumorigenesis, growth and metastasis.
  • VEGFR mainly has VEGFR21 (Flt21), VEGFR22 (KDR/Flt21) and VEGFR23 (Flt24), all of which are tyrosine kinase receptors.
  • VEGF exerts biological functions by binding to two trans-endothelial cell membrane receptors.
  • the cell differentiation signaling factor contains a large number of protein kinase families. Protein tyrosine kinase is important during cell signal transduction, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of ATP to a number of important protein tyrosine residues. Activation of the conduction branch affects cell growth, proliferation and differentiation, while tyrosine kinase activity is abnormally elevated in many tumor cells. More than 50% of oncogenes and their products have protein tyrosine kinase activity, and their abnormal expression will lead to tumorigenesis. In addition, the abnormal expression of this enzyme is also related to tumor metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor resistance to chemotherapy.
  • Sorafenib (trade name Nexavar), a multi-targeted drug developed by Bayer Pharmaceuticals, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2005 as the first-line drug for the treatment of advanced kidney cancer. It is the first in the world. Targeted therapeutic drugs approved for clinical use in multiple targets.
  • Chinese patent document CN1341098A discloses the chemical structure of sorafenib, and the structure of sorafenib is as follows:
  • the present invention provides a polysubstituted pyridine compound, a preparation method, use and pharmaceutical composition.
  • X 1 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted five-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring represented by formula a;
  • R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are each independently selected from a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom, and R 8 , R 9 , and R 10 are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, and C 1 -C 4 alkyl. , C 1 -C 4 alkoxy;
  • X 2 is selected from F or H
  • X 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CN, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, halogenated C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, halogenated C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, - One of NR 11 R 12 ; wherein each of R 11 and R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
  • R 4 , R 5 , R 6 are each independently selected from a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
  • R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are not simultaneously a carbon atom.
  • R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are not simultaneously a nitrogen atom.
  • R 8 , R 9 , R 10 are each independently selected from hydrogen or methyl.
  • X 3 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, -CF 3 , -CN, C 1 -C 2 alkyl, C 1 -C 2 alkoxy, -NR 11 R 12 ;
  • the R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from hydrogen or a C 1 -C 2 alkyl group.
  • X 3 is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, and -CN.
  • polysubstituted pyridine compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
  • polysubstituted pyridine compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the polysubstituted pyridine compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of: hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, phosphate, methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Salt, besylate, p-toluenesulfonate, 1-naphthalenesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, malate, tartrate, citrate, lactic acid Salt, oxalate, succinate, fumarate, maleate, benzoate, salicylate, phenylacetate, or mandelate.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any of the first aspects of the invention, which comprises:
  • R 13 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine
  • the compound represented by the formula B is prepared by the following method:
  • R 13 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
  • the preparation method comprises:
  • R 13 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine
  • LDA lithium diisopropylamide
  • THF represents tetrahydrofuran
  • -78 deg represents -78 ° C
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • rt represents room temperature
  • DCM represents dichloromethane
  • cone represents triethylamine.
  • the present invention also relates to the polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, or a hydrate, a solvate thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are prepared for treatment And/or prevention with VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2), VEGFR-3 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3), CRAF (human C-Raf proto-oncogene serothine protein kinase), Drugs for PDGFR- ⁇ (platelet-derived growth factor receptor ⁇ ), BRAF (human serine/threonine protein kinase), BRAF V600E, KIT and/or FLT-3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) kinase-associated diseases Use in.
  • VEGFR-2 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2
  • VEGFR-3 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3
  • CRAF human C-Raf proto-oncogene serothine protein
  • the disease associated with VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase comprises a tumor or cancer.
  • the tumor or cancer is melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovary Cancer, breast cancer, abnormal bone marrow syndrome, esophageal cancer, or mesothelioma.
  • the invention also provides a method of treating and/or preventing a disease associated with VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase, the method comprising A therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of the polysubstituted pyridine compound of any one of the first aspects of the invention, or a hydrate, solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is administered to a subject in need thereof.
  • the disease associated with VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase comprises a tumor or cancer.
  • the tumor or cancer is melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovary Cancer, breast cancer, abnormal bone marrow syndrome, esophageal cancer, or mesothelioma.
  • the present invention also relates to the polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, or a hydrate, a solvate thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of VEGFR-2, VEGFR- 3.
  • CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase related diseases are also characterized by the present invention.
  • the disease associated with VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase comprises a tumor or cancer.
  • the tumor or cancer is melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, Breast cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome, esophageal cancer, or mesothelioma.
  • the invention also provides a method for inhibiting VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase activity in a cell, comprising: administering to said cell An effective amount of the polysubstituted pyridine compound of any one of the first aspects of the invention, or a hydrate, solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the method is carried out in vitro.
  • the method is carried out in vivo.
  • the cell is a cell line, or a cell from a subject, such as a tumor cell or a cancer cell.
  • the tumor or cancer is selected from the group consisting of melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, Breast cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome, esophageal cancer or mesothelioma.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, or a hydrate, a solvate thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the preparation of a reagent for inhibiting cells Activity of VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase.
  • the reagents are used in an in vitro method.
  • the reagents are used in an in vivo method.
  • the cell is a cell line, or a cell from a subject, such as a tumor cell or a cancer cell.
  • the tumor or cancer is selected from the group consisting of melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer. , breast cancer, abnormal bone marrow syndrome, esophageal cancer or mesothelioma.
  • the present invention also relates to the polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, or a hydrate, a solvate thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are used for inhibiting VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 in a cell. , CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase activity.
  • it is used in an in vitro method.
  • it is used in an in vivo method.
  • the cell is a cell line, or a cell from a subject, such as a tumor cell or a cancer cell.
  • the tumor or cancer is selected from the group consisting of melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer. , breast cancer, abnormal bone marrow syndrome, esophageal cancer or mesothelioma.
  • the invention also provides a kit for inhibiting the activity of VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase in a cell, the kit A polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any one of the first aspects of the invention, or a hydrate, solvate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and optionally, also includes instructions for use.
  • the disease associated with VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase comprises a tumor or cancer.
  • the tumor or cancer is melanoma, liver cancer, kidney cancer, acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, skin cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, Breast cancer, myelodysplastic syndrome, esophageal cancer, or mesothelioma.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the polysubstituted pyridine compound according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention, or a hydrate, a solvate thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant (eg carrier or excipient).
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant eg carrier or excipient
  • the pharmaceutical composition is an injection, an oral preparation, a transdermal absorption agent or a suppository.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is useful for treating and/or preventing diseases associated with VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, CRAF, PDGFR- ⁇ , BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and/or FLT-3 kinase.
  • the C 1 -C 4 alkyl group is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl.
  • the C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group means C 1 -C 4 alkyl-O-, wherein the C 1 -C 4 alkyl group has the same meaning as defined above.
  • the halogen is selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
  • the C 1 -C 2 alkyl group means a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • the C 1 -C 2 alkoxy group is a methoxy group or an ethoxy group.
  • Some of the compounds of the present invention may be crystallized or recrystallized with water or various organic solvents, in which case various solvates may be formed.
  • the present invention includes those stoichiometric solvates, including hydrates, as well as compounds containing variable amounts of water formed upon preparation by low pressure sublimation drying.
  • the compound of formula I is for pharmaceutical purposes, it is understood They are preferably provided in pure form, for example at least 60% pure, more suitably 75%, more preferably 85%, and most preferably at least 98% pure (% by weight). Methods of preparing impure compounds can be used in more pure form in pharmaceutical compositions. These less pure products contain at least 1%, more suitably 5%, more preferably at least 10% of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.
  • the invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the formula I and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
  • the compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be used alone or in the form of a pharmaceutical composition together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. When used in the form of a pharmaceutical composition, an effective amount will usually be employed.
  • the compound of the formula I according to the invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or hydrate thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents are combined in a suitable application form or dosage form, the process comprising mixing the ingredients in a suitable manner , granulate, compress or dissolve.
  • composition of the present invention can be administered in any of the following aspects: oral, spray inhalation, rectal administration, nasal administration, vaginal administration, topical administration, parenteral administration such as subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, and peritoneal.
  • parenteral administration such as subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, and peritoneal.
  • Internal, intrathecal, intraventricular, intrasternal or intracranial injection or input, or by means of an explanted reservoir preferably oral, intramuscular, intraperitoneal or intravenous.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers contained in the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins such as human serum albumin, buffer substances such as phosphate, glycerin, sorbic acid.
  • potassium sorbate a mixture of partially glycerides of saturated plant fatty acids, water, salt or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal silica, trisilicate Magnesium, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulosic material, polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose hook, polyacrylate, beeswax, wool vinegar, etc.
  • the amount of the carrier in the pharmaceutical composition may be from 1% by weight to 98% by weight, usually about 80% by weight.
  • the local anesthetic, preservative, buffer, etc. may be directly dissolved in the carrier.
  • Oral preparations such as oral tablets and capsules may contain excipients such as binders such as syrup, acacia, sorbitol, tragacanth, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, fillers such as lactose, sucrose, corn starch, calcium phosphate, sorbus Alcohol, glycine, lubricant, such as stearic acid Magnesium, talc, polyethylene glycol, silica, a disintegrant such as potato starch, or an acceptable humectant such as sodium lauryl sulfate.
  • the tablets may be coated by methods known in the pharmaceutically known manner.
  • compositions of the present invention in the form of oral liquids can be prepared as suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups or elixirs of water and oil, and can also be prepared as a dry product, with water or other suitable medium before use.
  • Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, sorbitol, cellulose methyl ether, glucose syrup, gelatin, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, aluminum stearate gel, hydrogenated edible Oils, emulsifiers, such as lecithin, sorbitan monooleate, gum arabic; or non-aqueous carriers (possibly containing edible oils), such as almond oil, oils such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, or ethanol; preservatives, Such as methyl or propyl paraben, sorbic acid. Flavoring or coloring agents can be added as needed.
  • the suppository can comprise a conventional suppository base such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.
  • the liquid dosage form is usually made up of the compound and at least one sterile or sterile carrier.
  • the carrier is preferably water.
  • the compound can be dissolved in the carrier or in a suspension solution.
  • the compound is dissolved in water, filtered and sterilized, and then placed in a sealing bottle or Ampoule.
  • the compounds of the invention may be in the form of a suitable ointment, lotion, or cream, wherein the active ingredient is suspended or dissolved in one or more carriers.
  • Carriers in which ointment preparations can be used include, but are not limited to, mineral oil, liquid petrolatum, white petrolatum, propylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, emulsifying wax and water; and detergents and creams may be used, including but not limited to : mineral oil, sorbitan monostearate, Tween 60, cetyl esters wax, hexadecene aryl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, benzyl alcohol and water.
  • the composition may contain from 0.1% by weight, or more suitably from 10% to 60% by weight of active ingredient.
  • each unit preferably contains 50-500 mg of the active ingredient.
  • a suitable therapeutic dose for an adult for example, may be 100-3000 mg per day, such as 1500 mg per day.
  • the optimal dosage and interval of administration of the compound of formula I is determined by the severity of the disease or condition, the nature of the compound and the conditions such as the form, route and location of administration, and the particular mammal being treated, and this An optimal dose to be administered can be determined by the clinician.
  • the present invention provides, for the first time, a new class of polysubstituted pyridine compounds of the present invention having a polysubstituted pyridine as compared to existing compounds such as sorafenib or compounds of CN1341098A, CN102532113A.
  • the compound has a superior anti-tumor effect and can simultaneously inhibit a variety of kinases present in cells and on the cell surface, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR- 3) CRAF, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR- ⁇ ), BRAF, V600E BRAF, KIT and FLT-3 kinases, in particular some preferred compounds of the invention have dual anti-tumor effects, on the one hand by inhibition VEGFR and PDGFR block the formation of tumor neovascularization and inhibit the growth of tumor cells; on the other hand, it can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, and thus has a more potent anti-tumor effect.
  • VEGFR and PDGFR block the formation of tumor neovascularization and inhibit the growth of tumor cells
  • RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and thus has a more potent anti-tumor effect
  • the compound of the present invention has excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics in addition to the excellent antitumor effect, and the blood drug concentration in the body is significantly better than the marketed drug sorafenib, which is very suitable for oral and intravenous administration. Dosing.
  • the present inventors conducted a large number of screening tests. For example, the inventors used a pharmacodynamic experiment to screen three positions of X3, X4, and X5 of the pyridine ring of Formula II. :
  • the present inventors have unexpectedly found through pharmacodynamic experiments that when the X 4 and X 5 positions of the pyridine ring are both hydrogen and a substituent is introduced at the X 3 position, the electron cloud effect and the molecular spatial configuration of the compound are obtained.
  • the change enhances the action of the pharmacophores 2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl), 2-(methylcarbamoyl) and the nitrogen atom on the pyridine ring, so that the binding strength of the compound molecule to the receptor higher.
  • the inventors have unexpectedly found through a large number of experiments that when the X 3 position on the pyridine ring is hydrogen, it is a site which causes the compound to be easily metabolized.
  • the compound of the present invention has a further excellent therapeutic effect when the substituent at the X 3 position is an electron withdrawing group.
  • Preferred electron withdrawing groups are fluorine, chlorine, and cyano.
  • the structure of the marketed antitumor drug sorafenib is also not substituted at the 3, 5, and 6 positions on the pyridine ring (ie, the X3, X4, and X5 positions of the general formula II of the present specification).
  • the structure of the compound of the present invention is also significantly different from the structure of the sorafenib compound.
  • the compounds in .9 have an excellent antitumor effect.
  • the compounds of the invention are also significantly superior to the currently marketed antitumor drug sorafenib. This means that the compound of the present invention is a more potent antitumor compound having multiple kinase inhibitor actions relative to the marketed antitumor drug sorafenib.
  • the compound of the present invention has obvious Excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics, blood concentration in the body and other data is significantly better than the marketed drug sorafenib, very suitable for oral and intravenous administration.
  • Figure 1 is a graph showing the half-inhibition rate of Sorafenib free base to kinase VEGFR2 in Example 1, Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5.
  • each reagent is commercially available, for example, from Belling Technology Co., Ltd., Alfa Aesar (Tianjin) Chemical Co., Ltd. or Beijing Coupling Technology Co., Ltd.
  • yield product weight x raw material molar mass / (raw material weight x product molar mass).
  • n-Butyllithium (2.4 M in hexane, 13.13 mL, 31.5 mmol) was added dropwise to diisopropylamine (3.18 g, 31.5 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (30 mL). In the solution. The reaction mixture was stirred at -30 °C for 30 minutes and then cooled to -78 °C. A solution of 2-chloro-3-fluoropyridine (3.95 g, 30 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) was then evaporated, and then the mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 60 min.
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-fluoro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 5 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-fluoro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea p-toluenesulfonate:
  • n-Butyllithium (2.4 M in hexanes, 59.12 mL, 141.9 mmol) was added dropwise to 2,3-dichloropyridine (20 g, 135.1 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (350 mL) at -78 °C.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 90 minutes.
  • a solution of iodine (41 g, 161.5 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was then evaporated.
  • the mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 60 min and then warmed to room temperature.
  • the reaction mixture was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (100 mL).
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 5 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea p-toluenesulfonate:
  • FD-2013024 1-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4 -pyridyloxy)-2-fluorophenyl)urea
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 4-(3-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridyloxy)-2-fluoroaniline:
  • Step 3 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)-2-fluorophenyl)urea:
  • n-Butyllithium (2.4 M in hexane, 3.0 mL, 7.2 mmol) was added dropwise to diisopropylamine (0.728 g, 7.2 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) at -30 °C. In the solution. The reaction mixture was stirred at -30 °C for 30 minutes and then cooled to -78 °C. A solution of 2-chloronicotinonitrile (1.0 g, 7.2 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) was then evaporated, and then the mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 60 min.
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-cyano-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4- Synthesis of pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea:
  • n-Butyllithium (2.4 M in hexane, 4.37 mL, 10.49 mmol) was added dropwise to diisopropylamine (1.06 g, 11 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (20 mL). In solution. The reaction mixture was stirred at -30 °C for 30 minutes and then cooled to -78 °C. A solution of 2-chloro-4-fluoropyridine (1.31 g, 10 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) was then evaporated, and then the mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 60 min.
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-methyl-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4- Synthesis of pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-amino-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 3 Synthesis of 4-(3-methylamino-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridyloxy)aniline:
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-methylamino-2-(1-methyl-4-) Synthesis of pyrazolyl-4-pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 3 Synthesis of 4-(3-methoxy-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridyloxy)aniline:
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(3-methoxy-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4 Synthesis of -pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Comparative compound Sorafenib free base, prepared according to the method of patent document WO0042012A1.
  • Step 1 Synthesis of 2-chloro-4-iodo-5-fluoropyridine
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(5-fluoro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 5 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(5-fluoro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea p-toluenesulfonate:
  • 2,5-dichloropyridine (3.0 g, 20.3 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) in a 100 mL three-necked flask, protected with nitrogen, and cooled to -78 ° C. After 30 minutes, 2.4 M was slowly added dropwise.
  • a solution of n-butyllithium in n-hexane (8.9 mL, 21.3 mmol) was added, and the reaction was kept for 90 minutes after the addition, and a solution of iodine (6.13 g, 24.2 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) was slowly added dropwise to the system. After the addition is completed, slowly rise to room temperature.
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(5-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Step 5 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(5-chloro-2-(1-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-4-pyridine Synthesis of oxy)phenyl)urea p-toluenesulfonate:
  • Step 4 1-(4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-(4-(6-methoxy-2-(1-methyl-4-) Synthesis of pyrazolyl-4-pyridyloxy)phenyl)urea:
  • Test Example 1 Inhibitory activity of test compound on VEGFR2 kinase
  • OptiPlate-384 white opaque 384-well microplate (Cat.6007290, PerkinElmer);
  • VEGFR2 (Cat: k2643, Sigma);
  • Test compound example compound
  • 1 ⁇ kinase buffer 1 mL of 1 ⁇ kinase buffer contains 200 ⁇ L of 5 ⁇ kinase buffer (Invitrogen), 5 ⁇ L of 1 M MgCl 2 , 1 ⁇ L of 1 M DTT, 1 ⁇ L of 1MMnCl 2 , and 793 ⁇ L of ddH 2 O;
  • TK substrate-specific concentrations of biotin and ATP are shown in Table 1. Dilute the TK substrate - biotin and ATP to 5 times the reaction concentration with 1X kinase buffer;
  • 5 ⁇ Kinase working solution The concentration of VEGFR2 kinase is shown in Table 1. Preparing a 5 ⁇ kinase working solution with 1 ⁇ kinase buffer;
  • Sa-XL665 (Cisbio) in the reaction is shown in Table 1.
  • TKAb-Cryptate (Cisbio) was diluted 100 times as a working solution with detection buffer (Cisbio);
  • the enzyme was added to the room temperature after the enzyme was added to the room temperature.
  • TK substrate-biotin, ATP, VEGFR2 kinase and a concentration of compound were reacted in 1X kinase buffer for 20 minutes at room temperature.
  • the inhibitory concentration of the test compound was from 0 to 100 ⁇ M, and 2.5% DMSO was used as a cosolvent.
  • 5 ⁇ l of 4 ⁇ Sa-XL665 working solution and 5 ⁇ l of 4 ⁇ TK Ab-cryptate working solution were added to all wells, and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour at room temperature, and the fluorescence signal was detected by an ENVISION (Perkinelmer) instrument (320 nm stimulation, 665 nm, 615 nm emission). ).
  • the inhibition rate of each well was calculated from the fully active wells and the background signal wells. The average value of the duplicate wells was averaged, and the half-inhibitory activity (IC 50 ) of each test compound was fitted using a professional drawing analysis software Graphpad PRISM 5.0. .
  • the experimental sample flow chart is as follows:
  • Emission ratio (ER) 665 nm emission signal / 615 nm emission signal
  • Inhibition rate (ER positive - ER sample ) / (ER positive - ER negative ) * 100%
  • test compound HTRF KinEASE TK kit inhibiting concentration IC 50 values for kinase VEGFR2 half.
  • the final concentration of the compound was started from 100 ⁇ M, and the ratio was diluted by 4 times. A total of 10 concentrations were used. Each concentration was determined by multi-well assay, and the final concentration of DMSO was controlled to be 1%.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 1.
  • All of the compounds of the present invention have an IC 50 value of less than 1,000, indicating that the compound of the present invention has an excellent inhibitory activity of the kinase VEGFR2 and can be studied as an excellent antitumor drug.
  • the preferred compound of the present invention has 2-3 times more inhibitory activity against the kinase VEGFR2 than the marketed drug sorafenib (Comparative Compound 1), and is excellent.
  • the IC 50 value of the compound of the present invention is 0.32 times and 0.15 times of that of sorafenib (free base) and the comparative compound 2, respectively, that is, the inhibitory activities are 3.13 times and 6.6 times of the sorafenib and the comparative compound 2, respectively. Times.
  • the IC 50 values of the compound of Example 2 were 0.62 times and 0.34 times, respectively, of sorafenib (free base) and comparative compound 2, i.e., the inhibitory activities were 1.61 times and 3.4 times that of sorafenib and comparative compound 2, respectively.
  • Example 4 Compound IC 50 values were embodiment sorafenib (free base) and Comparative Compound 2 0.75-fold and 0.36-fold, i.e. inhibitory activity of sorafenib, respectively and Comparative Compound 2 and 1.3 times 2.7 times.
  • the compound of Example 3 had an IC 50 concentration of 2.5 times that of sorafenib (free base), i.e., the inhibitory activity was 1.5 times stronger than that of sorafenib, which was comparable to that of Comparative Compound 2, i.e., the inhibitory activity.
  • the compound of the present invention has excellent VEGFR2 kinase inhibitory activity.
  • Test Example 2 IC 50 determination of anti-tumor cell proliferation of the compound of the present invention in vitro
  • MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • A498 human kidney cancer cell line (purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences);
  • HCT116 human colon cancer cell line (purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences);
  • MiaPaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cell line (purchased from ATCC, USA);
  • SK-OV-3 human ovarian cancer cell line purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
  • HepG2 human hepatoma cell line purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
  • NCI-H460 human large cell lung cancer cell line (purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences);
  • HL-60 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
  • Fetal bovine serum (Cat#10099-141, GIBCO);
  • Test compound example compound
  • Control compound comparative compound
  • test compound was diluted to 500 ⁇ M with medium and diluted 8 times. The cells were added at 25 ⁇ l/well. The final concentration of the compound was diluted from 100 ⁇ M to 0 ⁇ M in 4 fold gradients for a total of 10 concentration points.
  • tumor cell growth inhibition rate (%) [(A c - A s ) / (A c - A b )] ⁇ 100%.
  • a c absorbance of the negative control (cell + CCK-8 + DMSO);
  • a b absorbance of the positive control (medium + CCK-8 + DMSO);
  • This assay 50 values of the compounds of the invention IC proliferation of tumor cell lines in vitro.
  • the final concentration of the compound was diluted from 100 ⁇ M to 0 ⁇ M in 4 fold gradients for a total of 10 concentration points.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 4.
  • the compounds of the present invention on different tumor cell half maximal inhibitory concentration IC 50 was between 0-20, the compounds of this invention have excellent inhibitory activity in vitro of tumor cells can be used as an excellent anti Oncology drugs were studied.
  • the compounds of the present invention are used in different cell lines against tumor cells such as SK-OV-3, HCT-116, 786-O, MDA-MB-231.
  • the half-inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of the lines was significantly better than the marketed drug sorafenib (for example, in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, the IC 50 concentration of the compound of Example 1 of the present invention was 0.28 of sorafenib, IC 2 concentration of the compound of Example 50 of the embodiment of the present invention is sorafenib 0.30); for half of the tumor cell lines A498, MiaPaCa-2, HepG2, NCI-H460, HL-60 and other inhibitory concentration (the IC 50) and marketed drug Sorafenib is quite.
  • Test Example 3 Pharmacokinetics of the compound of the present invention in mice
  • CD-1 mice female, weighing 28-35 g.
  • the dose was weighed before administration and the administration volume was calculated (IV group: 4 mL/kg; PO group: 10 mL/kg).
  • Mode of administration and dosage 1 mg/kg in the intravenous (IV) group and 5 mg/kg in the oral (PO) group.
  • Animal grouping 3 groups/group, each drug to be tested was divided into two groups: intravenous and oral.
  • group IV collected 30 ⁇ L of whole blood at various predetermined time points (5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours) through the eyelids, and the PO group passed through the eyelids at each predetermined schedule.
  • time point 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours
  • 30 ⁇ L of whole blood was collected, whole blood was centrifuged (6,000 rpm, 5 minutes) to obtain plasma, and all plasma samples were stored at -80. °C refrigerator waiting for the fork.
  • Ionization mode ESI, positive ion
  • Sample treatment 50 ng of terfenadine (acetonitrile solution) precipitated protein (PPT);
  • Mobile phase gradient elution
  • mobile phase A water (containing 0.1% formic acid)
  • mobile phase B acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid);
  • IV parameters t1/2 (hr); C0 (ng/mL); AUClast (hr*ng/mL); AUCInf (hr*ng/mL); AUC Extr (%); Vz (L/kg); Vss ( L/kg); CL (mL/min/kg); MRT (hr).
  • PO parameters t1/2 (hr); tmax (hr); Cmax (ng/mL); AUClast (hr*ng/mL); AUCInf (hr*ng/mL); AUC Extr (%); MRT (hr) ;AUC/D(hr*mg/mL); F(%).
  • the compounds of Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention have excellent metabolic stability, and the data of peak concentration, area under the curve of drug time, oral availability and the like are obviously superior to the marketed drug sorafenib, and have very good clinical application prospects. It is indicated that when a substituent is introduced to the X3 position of the formula I, these substituents prevent the original site which is easily metabolized from the spatial configuration (comparative compounds 2, 3, 4 are hydrogen at the X3 position), The metabolic stability of the compound is improved, and a high level of blood concentration of the compound in the body is ensured, thereby further increasing the efficacy of the compound of the present invention.
  • HCT116 cells were cultured in a 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubator with McCoy's 5a medium containing inactivated 10% fetal calf serum, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 ⁇ g/ml streptomycin and 2 mM glutamine.
  • the initial concentration of the cell culture was 5 ⁇ 10 5 /ml, and the cells were passaged every 3 to 4 days after the cells were over. Tumor cells in the logarithmic growth phase are used for inoculation of tumors in vivo.
  • HCT116 tumor cells resuspended in PBS 1.0 ⁇ 10 7 /0.1 ml were inoculated subcutaneously into the right flank of Balb/c nude mice.
  • the tumor grows to 800 mm 3
  • the animal is sacrificed.
  • the tumor is exfoliated, and the tumor tissue with good growth is selected, and the tumor tissue is cut into 2 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2 mm 3 tumor pieces, and inoculated into the right side of Balb/c nude mice.
  • the ribs were subcutaneous and a total of 60 animals were transferred.
  • the tumors were grown to about 110 mm 3 , they were administered in groups of 5 groups of 8 animals each.
  • Sunitinib is prepared according to the method of patent WO0160814A1.
  • a well-developed 786-O solid tumor was cut into small pieces of uniform size of about 1 mm 3 under sterile conditions, and inoculated subcutaneously into the right forelimb of the nude mouse with a trocar. Regular tumor growth was observed until the tumor volume grew to 250-550 mm 3 .
  • mice with excessively large or too small tumor size and irregular tumor shape were selected.
  • the tumor-bearing mice with good tumor volume of 250-550 mm 3 were divided into 4 groups, and the animals were divided into 6 groups as vehicle control group and 3 rats.
  • Positive control group and 2 test group were administered by intragastric administration once a day; the vehicle control group was given 12.5% ethanol & 12.5% polyoxyethylene castor oil ultra-pure aqueous solution once a day; the gastric perfusion capacity was 10 ml/ Kg.
  • the tumor diameter was measured twice a week during the administration, and the tumor volume was calculated, and the animal body weight was recorded. The state of the animals was observed at each administration and the abnormal state was recorded.
  • Tumor weight inhibition rate (IR) (W C - W T ) / W C
  • W C and W T represent the average tumor weight of the vehicle control group and the mean tumor weight of the administration group, respectively.
  • BW 0 is the weight of the obtained animal when grouped (ie, d0), and BW t is the animal body weight at each weighing. If the weight loss rate is negative, it means that my weight gains.
  • test data was calculated and correlated with statistical processing using Microsoft Office Excel 2003 software. Data were expressed as mean ⁇ standard error (Mean ⁇ S. E) unless otherwise specified, and t-test was used for comparison between the two groups.
  • sorafenib is p-toluenesulfonate
  • FD-1210005 is free form.
  • a well-grown logarithmic growth phase of human HCT-116 cell suspension was inoculated subcutaneously into the right forelimb axilla of a nude mouse under sterile conditions. The tumor growth was observed periodically until the tumor volume grew to 100-300 mm 3 .
  • Tumor-bearing mice 48 with a tumor volume of 100-300 mm 3 were selected, and the animals were divided into 6 groups as a vehicle control group, three positive control groups, and two test groups.
  • the positive control and the test group were administered by intragastric administration once a day; the vehicle control group was given 12.5% ethanol & 12.5% polyoxyethylene castor oil ultra-pure aqueous solution once a day; the gastric perfusion capacity was 10 ml/ Kg.
  • the tumor diameter was measured twice a week during the administration, and the tumor volume was calculated, and the animal body weight was recorded. Animal status was observed at each dose and abnormal conditions were recorded.
  • Tumor weight inhibition rate (IR) (W C - W T ) / W C
  • W C and W T represent the average tumor weight of the vehicle control group and the mean tumor weight of the administration group, respectively.
  • test data was calculated and correlated with statistical processing using Microsoft Office Excel 2003 software. Data were expressed as mean ⁇ standard error (Mean ⁇ S. E) unless otherwise specified, and t-test was used for comparison between the two groups.
  • sorafenib is p-toluenesulfonate and FD-1210005 is in free form.
  • Example 2 achieved 82% and 84.1% antitumor effect on 786-O and HCT116 xenograft tumor-bearing mice at a dose of 10 mg/kg, respectively. At 40 mg/kg, it reached 92%; while Comparative Compound 2 (FD-2010005) achieved 80% and 67% inhibition of 786-O and HCT116 xenograft tumor-bearing mice at 20 mg/kg, respectively. Only 80% and 71% of the antitumor effect was achieved at the dose of 60 mg/kg.
  • the compounds of the present invention have very strong in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities, as well as particularly excellent pharmacokinetic properties.
  • the compounds of the invention have greater in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity, better pharmacokinetic properties.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物、制备方法、用途及药物组合物:本发明的式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物具有优秀的抗肿瘤作用,能同时抑制多种细胞激酶,还具有明显优秀的药代动力学特征,非常适合口服和静脉给药。本发明的药物组合物可用于治疗肿瘤和癌症。

Description

多取代的吡啶化合物、制备方法、用途及药物组合物 技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体而言,涉及一种多取代的吡啶化合物、制备方法、用途及药物组合物。
背景技术
抗肿瘤药物的研究与开发是当今生命科学中极富挑战性且意义重大的领域。近年来,随着分子生物学的飞速发展以及人们对癌症发生、发展、作用机制的进一步认识,恶性肿瘤细胞内的信号转导、细胞周期的调控、细胞凋亡的诱导、血管生成以及细胞与胞外基质的相互作用等各种基本过程正在被逐步阐明。因此寻找和发现选择性作用于特定靶点的高效、低毒、特异性强的新型抗肿瘤药物已成为当前药物研究开发的重要领域之一。由此产生了一个新的抗癌药物领域——分子靶向药物。
分子靶向药物是指针对细胞癌变过程的受体或转导过程中关键的酶,从分子水平抑制肿瘤生长的治疗模式。其以肿瘤细胞的特征分子为靶点,在发挥抗肿瘤作用的同时,减少了对正常细胞的毒副作用。
正负调控子的平衡控制着肿瘤血管的生成,由此促进肿瘤的生长和转移,开发血管生成抑制剂是肿瘤研究最为活跃的领域之一。VEGFR是一类重要的酪氨酸激酶,许多研究表明,其信号转导途径失调在肿瘤的发生、生长和转移中有重要作用。VEGFR主要有VEGFR21(Flt21)、VEGFR22(KDR/Flt21)和VEGFR23(Flt24),均属酪氨酸激酶受体。VEGF通过与两种跨内皮细胞膜受体结合发挥生物学功能。
细胞的分化信号传导因子中,含有大量的蛋白激酶家族。在细胞信号转导过程中,蛋白酪氨酸激酶十分重要,它可催化ATP上的磷酸基转移到许多重要蛋白质酪氨酸残基上使其磷酸化,导 致传导支路的活化,影响细胞生长、增殖和分化,而许多肿瘤细胞中酪氨酸激酶活性异常升高。超过50%的癌基因及其产物具有蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性,它们的异常表达将导致肿瘤的发生。此外,该酶的异常表达还与肿瘤转移、肿瘤新生血管生成、肿瘤对化疗耐药有关。研究能阻断或修饰由信号传导失常引起疾病的选择性蛋白激酶抑制剂,被认为是有希望的药物开发途径。目前,已经发现了一些蛋白激酶抑制剂和针对不同蛋白激酶ATP结合位点的小分子治疗剂,并已进入临床研究,如酪氨酸激酶抑制剂等。
由拜耳药业开发的多靶点药物索拉非尼(Sorafenib,商品名Nexavar)2005年12月经美国食品药品局(FDA)批准作为治疗晚期肾癌的一线药物上市,是目前世界上第一个被批准应用于临床的多靶点的靶向治疗药物。中国专利文献CN1341098A公开了索拉非尼的化学结构,索拉非尼结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000001
本发明人在之前的研究中还申请过另一篇中国专利申请,该专利文献CN102532113A(申请号:201110435847.9)中公开的化合物的通式为:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000002
由于目前的抗肿瘤药物仍然不能满足治疗人类及其它哺乳动物肿瘤疾病的需要,已上市的抗肿瘤药物的临床治疗效果仍然达不到人们希望的水平,仍然需要寻找更强效的抗肿瘤药物。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种多取代的吡啶化合物、制备方法、用途及药物组合物。
具体而言,
本发明第一方面提供了一种式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000003
其中,
X1选自式a所示的取代或未取代的五元芳杂环;
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000004
R4、R5、R6各自独立地选自碳原子、氮原子、氧原子、或硫原子,R8、R9、R10各自独立地选自氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基;
X2选自F或H;
X3选自卤素、-CN、C1-C4烷基、卤代的C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤代的C1-C4烷氧基、-NR11R12中的一种;其中所述R11、R12各自独立地选自氢、或C1-C4烷基。
优选的,其中R4、R5、R6各自独立地选自碳原子或氮原子。
优选的,其中R4、R5、R6不同时为碳原子。
优选的,其中R4、R5、R6不同时为氮原子。
优选的,其中R8、R9、R10各自独立地选自氢、或甲基。
优选的,其中,X1
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000005
优选的,其中,X3选自F、Cl、Br、-CF3、-CN、C1-C2烷基、C1-C2烷氧基、-NR11R12中的一种;其中所述R11、R12各自独立地选自氢、或C1-C2烷基。
优选的,其中,X3选自F、Cl、-CN。
优选的,其中,式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物选自以下化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000007
更优选的,其中,式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物选自以下化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000009
优选的,其中,式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物的药学上可接受的盐选自:盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、甲磺酸盐、三氟甲磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、1-萘磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、草酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、苯基乙酸盐、或杏仁酸盐。
本发明还涉及本发明第一方面任一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物的制备方法,其包括:
1)式B所示的化合物与式C所示的化合物在叔丁醇钾作为碱的存在下发生如下反应,得到式D所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000010
其中R13为氟、氯、溴或碘;
2)式D所示的化合物与式E所示的化合物在四(三苯基膦)钯或二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯的催化下发生如下反应,得到式F所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000011
3)式F所示的化合物与式G所示的化合物发生如下反应,得到式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000012
优选的,其中,所述的式B所示的化合物是通过以下方法制备得到的:
式A所示的化合物发生卤代反应,得到式B所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000013
其中R13为氟、氯、溴或碘。
优选的,当X3为NH2时,所述的制备方法包括:
1)式H所示的化合物与式C所示的化合物在叔丁醇钾的催化下发生如下反应,得到式W所示的化合物;
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000014
其中R13为氟、氯、溴或碘;
2)式W所示的化合物与式E所示的化合物在催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯或二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯的作用下发生如下反应,得到式J所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000015
3)式J所示的化合物在钯碳的催化下进行氢化反应,得到式K所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000016
4)式K所示的化合物与式G所示的化合物发生如下反应,得到式L所示的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000017
其中,在本发明中,LDA表示二异丙基氨基锂;THF表示四氢呋喃;-78deg表示-78℃;DMSO表示二甲基亚砜;rt表示室温;DCM表示二氯甲烷;cone.表示“浓”;TEA表示三乙胺。
本发明还涉及本发明第一方面任一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗 和/或预防与VEGFR-2(血管内皮生长因子受体-2)、VEGFR-3(血管内皮生长因子受体-3)、CRAF(人C-Raf原癌基因丝苏氨酸蛋白激酶)、PDGFR-β(血小板衍生生长因子受体β)、BRAF(人丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶)、BRAF V600E、KIT和/或FLT-3(FMS样酪氨酸激酶3)激酶相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
优选的,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
本发明还提供了一种治疗和/或预防与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的受试者给予治疗或预防有效量的本发明第一方面任一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
优选的,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
本发明还涉及本发明第一方面任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,用于治疗和/或预防与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、 V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
优选的,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
本发明还提供一种用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶活性的方法,其包括,给所述细胞施用有效量的本发明第一方面任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐。
优选的,所述的方法在体外进行。
优选的,所述的方法在体内进行。
优选的,所述的细胞为细胞系,或者来自受试者的细胞,例如肿瘤细胞或癌细胞。
优选的,所述肿瘤或癌症选自黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌或间皮瘤。
本发明还涉及本发明第一方面任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐用于制备试剂的用途,所述的试剂用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶的活性。
优选的,所述的试剂用于体外方法中。
优选的,所述的试剂用于体内方法中。
优选的,所述的细胞为细胞系,或者来自受试者的细胞,例如肿瘤细胞或癌细胞。
优选的,所述的肿瘤或癌症选自黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌或间皮瘤。
本发明还涉及本发明第一方面任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶的活性。
优选的,其用于体外方法中。
优选的,其用于体内方法中。
优选的,所述的细胞为细胞系,或者来自受试者的细胞,例如肿瘤细胞或癌细胞。
优选的,所述的肿瘤或癌症选自黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌或间皮瘤。
本发明还提供一种用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶的活性的试剂盒,所述的试剂盒包括本发明第一方面任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,且,任选地还包括使用说明。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
优选的,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含本发明第一方面任一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐及药学上可接受的辅料(例如载体或赋形剂)。
优选的,所述的药物组合物为注射剂、口服制剂、透皮吸收剂或栓剂。
优选的,所述的药物组合物可用于治疗和/或预防与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病。
在本发明中,所述C1-C4烷基选自甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基。
在本发明中,所述C1-C4烷氧基是指C1-C4烷基-O-,其中C1-C4烷基的定义如前所述。
在本发明中,所述卤素选自氟、氯、溴、碘。
在本发明中,所述C1-C2烷基是指甲基或乙基。
在本发明中,所述C1-C2烷氧基是指甲氧基或乙氧基。
本文中使用的化合物名称与化学结构式不一致时,以化学结构式为准或根据本发明实际情况结合本领域技术人员公知常识得出。
本发明中的一些化合物可能与水或各种有机溶剂结晶或重结晶,在这种情况下,可能形成各种溶剂化物。本发明包括那些化学计量的溶剂化物,包括水合物,也包括在用低压升华干燥法制备时形成的包含可变量水的化合物。
根据本发明,既然式I化合物是以药用为目的的,可以理解它 们最好以纯的形式提供,例如至少60%的纯度,更合适的75%,更好的85%,最好至少98%的纯度(%是指重量百分比)。不纯化合物的制备方法可用来用于药用组合物中更纯的形式。这些不够纯的产物中至少含有1%,更适合的5%,更好的至少10%的如通式I所示的化合物或其可药用的衍生物。
本发明还涉及药物组合物,其包括至少一种式I化合物和至少一种药用载体或赋形剂。式I的化合物或其可药用的盐可以单独使用,或与可药用的载体或赋形剂一起以药物组合物的形式使用,当以药物组合物的形式使用时,通常将有效剂量的本发明式I化合物或其可药用盐或水合物以及一种或多种可药用载体或稀释剂结合制成适当的施用形式或剂量形式,这一程序包括通过合适的方式将组分混合、粒化、压缩或溶解。
本发明药用组合物可以以下方面的任意方式施与:口服、喷雾吸入、直肠给药、鼻腔给药、阴道给药、局部给药、非肠道给药如皮下、静脉、肌内、腹膜内、鞘内、心室内、胸骨内或颅内注射或输入,或借助一种外植的储器用药,其中优选口服、肌注、腹膜内或静脉内用药方式。
本发明的药物组合物中含有的药用载体包括但不局限于:离子交换剂,氧化铝,硬脂酸铝,卵磷脂,血清蛋白如人血清蛋白,缓冲物质如磷酸盐,甘油,山梨酸,山梨酸钾,饱和植物脂肪酸的部分甘油酯混合物,水,盐或电解质,如硫酸鱼精蛋白,磷酸氢二钠,磷酸氢钾,氯化钠,锌盐,胶态氧化硅,三硅酸镁,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,纤维素物质,聚乙二醇,羧甲基纤维素钩,聚丙烯酸酯,蜂蜡,羊毛醋等。载体在药物组合物中的含量可以是1重量%-98重量%,通常大约占到80重量%,为方便起见,局部麻醉剂,防腐剂,缓冲剂等可直接溶于载体中。
口服制剂如口服片剂和胶囊可以含有赋形剂如粘合剂,如糖浆,阿拉伯胶,山梨醇,黄芪胶,或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,填充剂,如乳糖,蔗糖,玉米淀粉,磷酸钙,山梨醇,氨基乙酸,润滑剂,如硬脂酸 镁,滑石,聚乙二醇,硅土,崩解剂,如马铃薯淀粉,或可接受的增润剂,如月桂醇钠硫酸盐.片剂可以用制药学上公知的方法包衣。
口服液形式的本发明药物组合物可以制成水和油的悬浮液,溶液,乳浊液,糖浆或酏剂,也可以制成干品,用前补充水或其它合适的媒质。这种液体制剂可以包含常规的添加剂,如悬浮剂,山梨醇,纤维素甲醚,葡萄糖糖浆,凝胶,羟乙基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素,硬脂酸铝凝胶,氢化的食用油脂,乳化剂,如卵磷脂,山梨聚醣单油酸盐,阿拉伯树胶;或非水载体(可能包含可食用油),如杏仁油,油脂如甘油,乙二醇,或乙醇;防腐剂,如对羟基苯甲酸甲酯或丙酯,山梨酸。如需要可添加调味剂或着色剂。栓剂可包含常规,的栓剂基质,如可可黄油或其它甘油酯。非肠道给药,液态剂型通常由化合物和至少一种消毒或无茵的载体制成。载体首选水.依照所选载体和药物浓度的不同,化合物既可溶于载体中也可制成悬浮溶液,在制成注射用溶液时先将化合物溶于水中,过滤消毒后装入封口瓶或安瓿中。当皮肤局部施用时,本发明化合物可以制成适当的软膏,洗剂,或霜剂的形式,其中活性成分悬浮或溶解于一种或多种的载体中。其中软膏制剂可以使用的载体包括但不局限于:矿物油,液体凡士林,白凡士林,丙二醇,聚氧化乙烯,聚氧化丙烯,乳化蜡和水;洗剂和霜剂可使用的载体包括但不限于:矿物油,脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯,吐温60,十六烷酯蜡,十六碳烯芳醇,2-辛基十二烷醇,苄醇和水。依据给药方式的不同,组合物中可以含有重量比0.1%,或更合适的重量比10-60%的活性组分。但组合物为单位剂型时,每个单位最好包含50-500毫克活性成分.依据给药途径和给药频率的不同,用于成人的适宜治疗剂量,例如可为每天100-3000毫克,如每天1500毫克。
必须认识到,式I化合物的最佳给药剂量和间隔是由疾病或症状的严重程度、化合物性质和诸如给药的形式、路径和部位以及所治疗的特定哺乳动物等条件决定的,而这一最佳给药剂量可由临床医生来确定。
本发明的多取代的吡啶化合物与现有技术相比具有以下优点和积极效果:
本发明首次提供了一类新的多取代的吡啶化合物,与现有的化合物(例如索拉非尼,或者CN1341098A、CN102532113A中的化合物)相比,本发明的式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物具有更优秀的抗肿瘤作用,能同时抑制多种存在于细胞内和细胞表面的激酶,包括血管内皮生长因子受体-2(VEGFR-2)、血管内皮生长因子受体-3(VEGFR-3)、CRAF、血小板衍生生长因子受体-β(PDGFR-β)、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和FLT-3激酶,特别是本发明的一些优选化合物具有双重抗肿瘤效应,一方面可通过抑制VEGFR和PDGFR而阻断肿瘤新生血管的形成,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长;另一方面可以通过抑制RAF/MEK/ERK信号传导通路,抑制肿瘤生长,因此具有更强效的抗肿瘤作用。
此外,本发明的化合物除了有明显优秀的抗肿瘤作用外,还具有明显优秀的药代动力学特征,在体内的血药浓度等数据明显优于上市药物索拉非尼,非常适合口服和静脉给药。
本发明人为了获得更强效的抗肿瘤药物,进行了大量的筛选试验,例如,本发明人利用药效学实验在通式II的吡啶环的X3、X4、X5三个位置上进行了筛选:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000018
本发明人通过药效学实验筛选出人意料地发现,当吡啶环的X4和X5两个位置均为氢,并且X3位置上引入取代基时,通过电子云效应及化合物分子空间构型的变化,增强了药效基团2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)、2-(甲基氨甲酰基)和吡啶环上的氮原子的作用, 使得化合物分子与受体结合强度更高。并且本发明人通过大量实验还出人意料地发现,吡啶环上X3位置为氢时是导致化合物易被代谢的位点,当向通式I的X3位置上引入取代基后,这些取代基阻止了原有的易被代谢的位点,提高了化合物代谢稳定性,保证了化合物在体内的高水平的血药浓度,从而使本发明化合物的药效又进一步的增加。在这些发现的基础上,本发明人进一步得到了本发明的技术方案,所得到的化合物有非常明显的优秀的抗肿瘤效果,明显优于中国专利文献CN1341098、CN201110435847.9中的化合物,也明显优于上市药物索拉非尼。
本发明人通过药效学实验进一步发现,当X3位置上的取代基为吸电子基时,本发明化合物具有更进一步优秀的治疗效果。优选的吸电子基为氟、氯、氰基。
本发明技术方案与本发明人之前申请的专利CN201110435847.9中的技术方案的重要区别在于:本发明化合物在吡啶环的3位(即本发明通式I的X3位置)上有取代基,而CN201110435847.9中的化合物在吡啶环上的3位、5位、6位(即本发明说明书通式II的X3、X4、X5位置)上都没有取代基。
同样的,已上市的抗肿瘤药物索拉非尼的结构中在吡啶环上的3位、5位、6位(即本发明说明书通式II的X3、X4、X5位置)上也都没有取代基,本发明化合物与索拉非尼化合物的结构也有重要区别。
发明人通过药效学对比实验研究发现,本发明化合物相对于吡啶环上3位、5位、6位(即本发明说明书通式II的X3、X4、X5位置)没有取代基的CN1341098、CN201110435847.9中的化合物有明显优秀的抗肿瘤作用。并且,本发明化合物也明显优于目前已上市的抗肿瘤药物索拉非尼。这表示,本发明化合物相对于已上市的抗肿瘤药物索拉非尼是更强效的具有多重激酶抑制剂作用的抗肿瘤化合物。
本发明化合物除了有明显优秀的抗肿瘤作用外,还具有明显 优秀的药代动力学特征,在体内的血药浓度等数据明显优于上市药物索拉非尼,非常适合口服和静脉给药。
附图说明
图1为实施例1、实施例2、对比例3、对比例4、对比例5、索拉非尼(Sorafenib)游离碱对激酶VEGFR2的半数抑制率的图;
图中化合物与其在说明书具体实施方式部分对应关系如下:
说明书附图中化合物 对应的实施例
FD-2013015 实施例1
FD-2013018 实施例2
FD-2013016 对比例3
FD-2013019 对比例4
FD-2013017 对比例5
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式的描述并参照附图对本发明作进一步说明,但这并非是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想,可以做出各种修改或改进,但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想,均在本发明的范围之内。
在以下例子中,如无特殊说明,各试剂均市售可得,例如,可得自百灵威科技有限公司、阿法埃莎(天津)化学有限公司或北京偶合科技有限公司。
在以下例子中,产率的计算公式为:产率=产物重量×原料摩尔质量/(原料重量×产物摩尔质量)。
实施例1
FD-2013015:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000019
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-3-氟-4-氯吡啶的合成
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000020
在氮气气氛中-30℃下将正丁基锂(2.4M的己烷溶液,13.13mL,31.5mmol)滴加到二异丙基胺(3.18g,31.5mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(30mL)中的溶液中。将反应混合物在-30℃下搅拌30分钟,然后冷却至-78℃。滴加2-氯-3-氟吡啶(3.95g,30mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(20mL)中的溶液,然后将反应混合物在-78℃搅拌60分钟。滴加六氯乙烷(7.10g,30mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(50mL)中的溶液,然后将反应混合物在-78℃搅拌60分钟。将反应混合物以饱和氯化铵溶液(50mL)淬灭,以水(50mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(100mL×3次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100∶1)纯化得产物为黄色固体(3.60g,产率为72%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):8.14(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),7.34(t,J=5.1Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 166.2[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-3-氟-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000021
将4-氨基苯酚(24.8g,227mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(210mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(26.80g,238.8mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2-氯-3-氟-4-氯吡啶(37.68g,227mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时,然后用水(1000mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(500mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(500mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=5∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(15.0g产率为28%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ5.22(br s,2H),6.62(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.75(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),8.05(d,J=5.7Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 239.1[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000022
将2-氯-3-氟-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(7.2g,30.2mmol),1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(6.3g,30.2mmol),碳酸钾(12.5g,90.6mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(1.74g,1.5mmol)于四氢呋喃(THF,180mL)和水(30mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物以水(100mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(100mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶2,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(5.4g,产率60%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.93(s,3H),5.18(br s,2H), 6.54(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.91(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.98(d,J=0.6Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.29(d,J=2.1Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 285.1[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000023
将4-(3-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(1.71g,6.0mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(1.6g,7.2mmol)于二氯甲烷(30mL)中的混合溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(2.35g,产率75%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.93(s,3H),6.66(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.56(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.59-7.63(m,2H),7.98(s,1H),8.10(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.20(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.98(s,1H),9.18(s,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 505.8[M+H]+
步骤5:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲对甲苯磺酸盐的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000024
将1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲(1.518g,3mmol)和对甲苯磺酸一水合 物(0.684g,3.6mmol)于无水乙醇(20mL)中的混合物加热至回流,补加无水乙醇至固体完全溶解。将所得澄清溶液过滤,将滤液静置过夜。抽滤收集所产生的的白色固体,烘干得产物为白色固体(1.328g,产率为65%)
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.32(s,1H),9.12(s,1H),8.39(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),8.28(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.72-7.56(m,4H),7.51(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.13(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.77(t,J=6.2Hz,1H),3.95(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
实施例2
FD-2013018:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000025
制备方法:
步骤1:2,3-二氯-4-碘吡啶的合成
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000026
在氩气气氛中-78℃下将正丁基锂(2.4M的己烷溶液,59.12mL,141.9mmol)滴加到2,3-二氯吡啶(20g,135.1mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(350mL)的溶液中,并将反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌90分钟。滴加碘(41g,161.5mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(100mL)中的溶液,将反应混合物在在-78℃下搅拌60分钟然后升至室温。将反应混合物以饱和氯化铵溶液(100mL)淬灭,以水(100mL) 稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(200mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(200mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100∶1)纯化得产物为黄色固体(31.5g,产率85.1%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):8.08(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.65(d,J=5.4Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 273.9[M+H]+
步骤2:2,3-二氯-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000027
将4-氨基苯酚(13.85g,127.0mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(120mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(13.60g,121.2mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2,3-二氯-4-碘吡啶(31.5g,115.4mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时,然后用水(500mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(300mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(300mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(27.5g,产率为93.7%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ5.24(br s,2H),6.64(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.67(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.39(d,J=5.6Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 255.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000028
将2,3-二氯-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(9.1g,35.7mmol),1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(7.42g,35.7mmol),碳酸钾(14.76g,106.9mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(2g,1.72mmol)于四氢呋喃中(THF,210mL)和水(35mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物以水(100mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(100mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶2,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(4.85g,产率45.2%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.93(s,3H),5.19(br s,2H),6.46(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),6.64(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.88(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.11(s,1H),8.27(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.48(s,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 301.0[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000029
将4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(4.85g,16.1mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(4.28g,19.3mmol)于二氯甲烷(50mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(7.2g,产率85.5%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.94(s,3H),6.56(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.19(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.61-7.68(m,2H),8.12(s,1H),8.13(s,1H),8.32(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.51(s,1H),9.01(s,1H),9.21(s,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 522.1[M+H]+
步骤5:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲对甲苯磺酸盐的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000030
将1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲(1.570g,3mmol)和对甲苯磺酸一水合物(0.684g,3.6mmol)于无水乙醇(20mL)中的混合物加热至回流,补加无水乙醇至固体完全溶解。将所得澄清溶液过滤,将滤液静置过夜。抽滤收集所产生的的白色固体,烘干得产物为白色固体(1.428g,产率为69%)
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.33(s,1H),9.14(s,1H),8.56(s,1H),8.42-8.32(dd,J=6.0,2.4Hz,1H),8.15(s,1H),8.13(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.71-7.58(m,4H),7.50(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.21(d,J=8.7Hz,3H),7.13(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.71-6.60(m,1H),3.95(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
实施例3
FD-2013024:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)-2-氟苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000031
制备方法:
步骤1:2,3-二氯-4-(4-氨基-3-氟苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000032
将4-氨基-3-氟苯酚(1.69g,13.28mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(15mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入2,3-二氯-4-碘吡啶(3.31g,12.13mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2,3-二氯-4-碘吡啶(31.5g,115.4mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时,然后用水(50mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(30mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(1.0g,产率30%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.17(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),7.16-7.00(m,1H),6.92-6.78(m,2H),6.75(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.26(br s,2H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 272.9[M+H]+
步骤2:4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)-2-氟苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000033
将2,3-二氯-4-(4-氨基-3-氟苯氧基)吡啶(0.40g,1.47mmol),1-甲基-4-比唑硼酸频哪醇酯(0.35g,1.68mmol),碳酸钾(0.70g,5.07mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0.10g,0.086mmol)于四氢呋喃中(THF,5mL)和水(1mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物以水(20mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶2,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(0.23g,产率49%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.48(s,1H),8.29(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),8.11(d,J=0.6Hz,1H),7.04(dd,J=11.9,2.3Hz,1H),6.90-6.75(m,2H),6.53(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.21(s,2H),3.93(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 319.0[M+H]+
步骤3:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)-2-氟苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000034
将4-(3-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)-2-氟苯胺(0.23g,0.72mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(0.16g,0.72mmol)于二氯甲烷(5mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产 生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(0.30g,产率77%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.52(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.52(s,1H),8.36(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),8.26-8.05(m,3H),7.64(s,2H),7.36(dd,J=11.5,2.6Hz,1H),7.07(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),3.94(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 540.0[M+H]+
实施例4
FD-2013025:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氰基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000035
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-4-碘烟腈的合成
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000036
在氩气气氛中-30℃下将正丁基锂(2.4M的己烷溶液,3.0mL,7.2mmol)滴加到二异丙基胺(0.728g,7.2mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(20mL)中的溶液中。将反应混合物在-30℃下搅拌30分钟,然后冷却至-78℃。滴加2-氯烟腈(1.0g,7.2mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(10mL)中的溶液,然后将反应混合物在-78℃搅拌60分钟。滴加碘(1.8g,7.2mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(10mL)中的溶液,然后将反应混合物在-78℃搅拌30分钟。将反应混合物以饱和氯化铵溶液(50mL)淬灭,以水(50mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取 (100mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以食盐水洗(100mL×3次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=80∶1)纯化得产物为黄色固体(0.357g,产率19%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.32(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=5.2Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 264.9[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-3-氰基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000037
将4-氨基苯酚(164mg,1.48mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(3mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(166mg,1.48mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2-氯-4-碘烟腈(355mg,1.34mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时,然后用水(30mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(30mL×2次),食盐水洗(30mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(210mg,产率为61%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.42(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),6.96(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.76(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),6.65(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.29(s,2H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 246.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-氰基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000038
将2-氯-3-氰基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(200mg,0.816mmol),1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(187mg,0.878mmol),碳酸钾(338mg,2.45mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(95mg,0.0816mmol)于四氢呋喃中(THF,6mL)和水(1mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物以水(20mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(20mL×2次),饱和食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶2,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(95mg,产率40%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.52(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),8.48(s,1H),8.17(s,1H),6.95(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.65(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.51(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),5.25(s,2H),3.96(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 292.1[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氰基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000039
将4-(3-氰基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(90mg,0.31mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(68.5mg,0.31mmol)于二氯甲烷(50mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(54mg,产率34%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.23(s,1H),9.05(s,1H),8.56(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),8.51(s,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.12(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.67-7.59(m,4H),7.28(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.58(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.96(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 512.9[M+H]+
实施例5
FD-2013027:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-甲基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000040
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-4-氟-3-甲基吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000041
在氮气气氛中-30℃下将正丁基锂(2.4M的己烷溶液,4.37mL,10.49mmol)滴加到二异丙基胺(1.06g,11mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(20mL)中的溶液中。将反应混合物在-30℃下搅拌30分钟,然后冷却至-78℃。滴加2-氯-4-氟吡啶(1.31g,10mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(10mL)中的溶液,然后将反应混合物在-78℃搅拌60分钟。滴加碘甲烷(1.48g,10.5mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(5mL)中的溶液,然后将反应混合物在-78℃搅拌30分钟。将反应混合物以饱和氯化铵溶液(5mL)淬灭,以水(50mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以饱和食盐水洗(30mL×3次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留 物经柱色谱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为黄色固体(0.63g g,产率为43%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.31(dd,J=8.0,5.8Hz,1H),7.38(dd,J=8.7,5.6Hz,1H),2.27(d,J=1.8Hz,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 146.0[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-3-甲基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000042
将4-氨基苯酚(0.21g,1.91mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(3mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(0.22g,1.96mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2-氯-4-氟-3-甲基吡啶(269mg,1.85mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时,然后用水(20mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(20mL×2次),食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=5∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(0.38g,产率88%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.04(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),6.89-6.78(m,2H),6.69-6.57(m,2H),6.51(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),5.15(s,2H),2.31(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 235.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-甲基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000043
将2-氯-3-甲基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(380mg,1.62mmol),1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(337mg,1.62mmol),碳酸钾(400mg,2.89mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(90mg,0.08mmol)于四氢呋喃(THF,6mL)和水(1mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物以水(20mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(20mL×2次),饱和食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶2,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(170mg,产率37.5%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.18(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),8.17(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),6.82(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.35(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.10(s,2H),3.91(s,3H),2.39(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 281.1[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-甲基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000044
将4-(3-甲基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(165mg,0.58mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(155mg,0.7mmol)于二氯甲烷(2mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(145mg,产率49%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.18(s,1H),8.94(s,1H),8.24(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.12(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.91 (s,1H),7.69-7.58(m,2H),7.55(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.09(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.47(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H),2.40(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 501.9[M+H]+
实施例6
FD-2013031:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000045
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-3-硝基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000046
将4-氨基苯酚(1.09g,10mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(10mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(1.12g,10mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌15分钟后,加入2,4-二氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.93g,10mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌5小时,然后用水(100mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(50mL×2次),食盐水洗(50mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=3∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(408mg,产率15%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.40(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.33(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.28(d,J=5.7Hz,2H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.30(br s,2H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 266.0[M+H]+
步骤2:4-(3-硝基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000047
将2-氯-3-硝基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(1.25mg,1.51mmol),1-甲基-4-比唑硼酸频哪醇酯(377mg,1.81mmol),碳酸钾(12.4g,9.0mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(174mg,1.151mmol)于四氢呋喃(THF,18mL)和水(3mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物以水(50mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(30mL×2次),饱和食盐水洗(30mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶3,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(450mg,产率96%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.49(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),8.10(s,1H),7.72(s,1H),7.69-7.46(m,11H),6.91(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.68(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.26(br s,2H),3.91(s,3H)
MS(ESI+)m/z 312.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000048
将4-(3-硝基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(200mg, 0.64mmol)和钯碳(20mg)于无水甲醇(15mL)中的混合物在室温下4atm氢气气氛中搅拌4小时。经硅藻土滤去钯碳,然后浓缩滤液。将残留物以柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶4)纯化得产物75mg,产率为41%。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.20(s,1H),7.91(s,1H),7.73(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.83(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.62(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.29(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),5.08(br s,2H),4.72(s,2H),3.90(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 282.1[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000049
将4-(3-氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(70mg,0.249mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(55mg,0.249mmol)于二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌3小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(79mg,产率63%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.17(s,1H),8.92(s,1H),8.23(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.93(s,1H),7.78(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),7.63(d,J=2.6Hz,2H),7.67-7.59(m,2H),7.10(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.42(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.82(br s,2H),3.91(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 502.9[M+H]+
实施例7
FD-2013033:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-甲氨基 -2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000050
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-4-碘-3-甲氨基吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000051
于密封管中将2-氯-3-氟-4碘吡啶(12g,46.6mmol)于甲胺的乙醇溶液(25%,v/v,30mL)在65℃下搅拌8小时。减压除去挥发物,将残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=30∶1)纯化得到产物为黄色油状(5.5g,产率44%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.77(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),4.75(br,s,1H),2.91(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 268.9[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-3-甲氨基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000052
将4-氨基苯酚(0.16g,1.46mmol))于无水二甲基亚砜(3mL)中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(0.16g,1.46mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2-氯-4-碘-3-甲氨基吡啶(170mg,0.63mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,然后在80℃下5小时。将反应混合物用水(20mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(20mL×2次),食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫 酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=5∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(96mg,产率61%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.57(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.66-6.56(m,2H),6.48(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),5.08(s,2H),4.94(q,J=5.4Hz,1H),2.97(d,J=5.4Hz,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 250.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-甲氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000053
将2-氯-3-甲氨基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(270mg,1.08mmol),1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(225mg,1.08mmol),碳酸钾(447mg,3.24mmol)和二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(76mg,0.108mmol)于二甲基甲酰胺(DMF,6mL)和水(1mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中85℃下搅拌24小时。将反应混合物以水(30mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(30mL×2次),饱和食盐水洗(30mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶3,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(180mg,产率56%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.19(s,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.91(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.62(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.35(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.14(s,1H),3.90(s,3H),2.66(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 296.1[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-甲氨基-2-(1-甲基-4- 吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000054
将4-(3-甲氨基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(170mg,0.576mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(127.6mg,0.576mmol)于二氯甲烷(2mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(67mg,产率22.5%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.16(s,1H),8.91(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.95(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),7.94(s,1H),7.66-7.60(m,2H),7.53(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.09(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.47(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),4.40(br s,1H),3.91(s,3H),2.69(d,J=4.8Hz,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 517.1[M+H]+
实施例8
FD-2013037:即1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000055
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-3-甲氧基-4-碘吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000056
将2-氯-3-氟-4-碘吡啶(1.05g,4.08mmol)和甲醇钠(0.22g,4.08mmol)于甲醇(10mL)中的溶液在45℃下搅拌2小时。将反应混合物以水(50mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×3),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(50mL×2),食盐水洗(50mL×2),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为浅黄色固体(0.58g产物,产率53%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.92(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),7.86(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.83(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 269.8[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-3-甲氧基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000057
于密封管中将4-氨基苯酚(0.172g,1.58mmol),2-氯-3-甲氧基-4-碘吡啶(425mg,1.58mmol)和叔丁醇钾(0.177g,1.58mmol)于无水二甲基亚砜(5mL)中的溶液在155℃下搅拌2.5小时。将反应混合物用水(30mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(30mL×2次),食盐水洗(30mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(210mg,产率53%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.95(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),6.91-6.86(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.62(d,J=5.7Hz,1H),5.16(s,2H),3.90(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 251.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(3-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000058
将2-氯-3-甲氧基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(130mg,0.52mmol),1-甲基-4-比唑硼酸频哪醇酯(120mg,0.58mmol),碳酸钾(215mg,1.56mmol)和二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯(90mg,0.127mmol)于二甲基甲酰胺(DMF,6mL)和水(1mL)中的混合物以氩气鼓泡5分钟,然后在氩气气氛中100℃下搅拌5小时。将反应混合物以水(30mL)稀释,以乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×3次),合并有机层。将合并的有机层以水洗(30mL×2次),饱和食盐水洗(30mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶3,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(40mg,产率26%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.27(s,1H),8.07(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.00(s,1H),6.87(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.62(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.41(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.12(s,2H),3.91(s,3H),3.89(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 297.1[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(3-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000059
将4-(3-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(40mg,0.135mmol)和4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(30mg,0.135mmol)于二氯甲烷(5mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌12小时。过滤收集产生的白色固体,以二氯甲烷洗,烘干得到产物为白色固体(50mg,产率71%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.18(s,1H),8.95(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.17-8.08(m,2H),8.02(s,1H),7.69-7.59(m,2H),7.55(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.15(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.55(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.91(s,3H),3.89(s,3H)
MS(ESI+):m/z 517.9[M+H]+
对比例1
对比化合物:索拉非尼(Sorafenib)游离碱,依照专利文献WO0042012A1方法制备。
对比例2
化合物编号FD-1210005
CN201110435847.9中实施例1化合物
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000060
制备方法:
步骤1:2-氯-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000061
将4-氨基苯酚(4.35g,39.8mmol)于40mL无水二甲基亚砜 中的溶液以氮气鼓泡10分钟,然后加入叔丁醇钾(4.7g,41.8mmol),室温搅拌30分钟后,加入2-氯-4-氟吡啶(5g,38.0mmol),再将反应混合物缓慢升温至80℃并保温反应2小时,TLC检测显示反应完全。冷却至室温后,用水(100mL)稀释,并用乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),合并乙酸乙酯层,水洗(100mL×2),再用食盐水洗一次(100mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩.。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(7.26g,产率为86.8%)。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ4.07(br s,2H),6.72(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.75-6.77(m,2H),6.88(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),8.19(d,J=5.4Hz,1H).MS(ESI+):221.1[M+H]+
步骤2:4-(2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000062
氮气保护下,2-氯-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(5.7g,25.9mmol)和1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(6.47g,31.1mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中(THF,70mL),搅拌下加入碳酸钾(10.7g,77.5mmol)和水(17.1mL),然后避光下加入四(三苯基膦)钯催化剂(1.5g,1.29mmol),于70℃保温搅拌24小时。冷却至室温,将反应混合物浓缩,然后用水(50mL)稀释,乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×3),合并乙酸乙酯层,水洗(50mL×2次),食盐水洗一次(50mL),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=1∶2,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(5.85g,产率85%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ3.84(br s,2H),3.92(s,3H),6.60(dd,J=2.4,5.7Hz,1H),6.71(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.91(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.94(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.86(s,2H,),8.34(d,J=5.7 Hz,1H).MS(ESI+):267.1[M+H]+
步骤3:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000063
将4-(2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(6.7g,25.1mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯中(80mL),氮气保护下加入3-三氟甲基-4-氯-苯异氰酸酯(5.6g,25.1mmol),室温下搅拌12小时后有大量固体析出,将反应混合物浓缩至溶剂剩余40mL,抽滤,乙酸乙酯洗,烘干,得产物为白色固体(7.5g,产率60.9%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.88(s,3H),6.63(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.21(s,1H),7.57-7.69(m,4H),7.96(s,1H),8.12(s,1H),8.24(s,1H),8.37(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),8.93(s,1H),9.17(s,1H).MS(ESI+):488.1[M+H]+
对比例3
化合物编号FD-2013016。
1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-5-氟代-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲;
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000064
制备方法:步骤1:2-氯-4-碘-5-氟吡啶的合成
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000065
在100mL的三口瓶中,将2-氯-5-氟吡啶(2.65g,20.1mmol)溶于无水四氢呋喃(30mL),氮气保护,-78℃搅拌30分钟后,缓慢滴加1.3M的叔丁基锂正戊烷溶液(16.27mL,21.1mmol),加毕后保温反应90分钟,随后缓慢滴加碘(6.13g,24.2mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(10mL)的溶液。加完后缓慢升至室温。加入饱和氯化铵溶液(100mL),再加入水(50mL),分液,水相以50mL、40mL、200mL乙酸乙酯各萃取1次。合并有机相,有机相分别以饱和硫代硫酸钠溶液洗涤(50mL×2次),食盐水洗(50mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为黄色固体(2g,产率为39%)。
MS(ESI+):257.9[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-5-氟-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000066
将4-氨基苯酚(0.55g,5mmol)溶于无水二甲基亚砜(15mL)中,通氮气10分钟后,加入叔丁醇钾(0.58g,5.2mmol),室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2-氯-4-碘-5-氟吡啶(1.3g,5mmol),室温反应5小时,TLC检测显示反应完全。加入乙酸乙酯(50mL),充分搅拌,再加入水(100mL),分液后水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×3次),合并乙酸乙酯层,水洗(50mL×2次),再用食盐水洗(50mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(0.2g,产率为16.8%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ5.24(br s,2H),6.64(d,J= 8.7Hz,2H),6.65(s,1H),6.94(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),8.44(d,J=3.0Hz,1H).MS(ESI+):239.1[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(5-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000067
氮气保护下,将2-氯-5-氟-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(200mg,0.84mmol)和1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(175mg,0.84mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中(THF,5mL),加入碳酸钾(347mg,2.51mmol)和水(0.84mL),除氧,氩气保护,避光下加入四(三苯基膦)钯催化剂(48mg,0.04mmol),于85℃保温搅拌24小时,TLC检测反应完全。冷却至室温,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水各20mL,分液后水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×2),合并乙酸乙酯层,食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(50mg,产率21%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.82(s,3H),5.16(br s,2H),6.63(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.89(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.76(s,1H),8.10(s,1H),8.46(d,J=3.0Hz,1H).MS(ESI+):285.0[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(5-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000068
将4-(5-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(50mg,0.176 mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(2mL)中,氮气保护下加入4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(46mg,0.208mmol),室温下搅拌12小时后有大量固体析出,抽滤,二氯甲烷洗,烘干,得产物为白色固体(61mg,产率68.6%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.83(s,3H),7.11(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.56(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.60-7.67(m,2H),7.83(s,1H),8.11(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.16(s,1H),8.52(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),8.95(s,1H),9.17(s,1H).MS(ESI+):506.1[M+H]+
步骤5:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(5-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲对甲苯磺酸盐的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000069
将1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(5-氟-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲(55mg,0.109mmol)和对甲苯磺酸一水合物(25mg,0.131mmol)加到无水乙醇(2mL)中,所得混合物加热至回流,补加无水乙醇至固体完全溶解。将所得澄清溶液过滤,将滤液静置过夜。抽滤收集所产生的的白色固体,烘干得产物为白色固体(42mg,产率为57%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ9.28(s,1H),9.08(s,1H),8.64(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),8.23(s,1H),8.12(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.74-7.55(m,4H),7.50(dd,J=5.3,2.8Hz,2H),7.26-7.07(m,5H),3.84(s,3H),2.29(s,1H).
对比例4
化合物编号FD-2013019。
1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-5-氯代 -4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲;
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000070
制备方法:
步骤1:2,5-二氯-4-碘吡啶的合成
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000071
在100mL的三口瓶中,将2,5-二氯吡啶(3.0g,20.3mmol)溶于无水四氢呋喃(30mL),氮气保护,降温至-78℃,30分钟后,缓慢滴加2.4M的正丁基锂正己烷溶液(8.9mL,21.3mmol),加毕后保温反应90分钟,向体系缓慢滴加碘(6.13g,24.2mmol)于无水四氢呋喃(10mL)的溶液。加完,缓慢升至室温。加入饱和氯化铵溶液(100mL),再加入水(50mL),分液,水相以50mL、40mL、200mL乙酸乙酯各萃取1次。合并有机相,有机相分别以饱和硫代硫酸钠溶液洗涤(50mL×2次)和食盐水洗(50mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩得粗产物为黄色固体(4g,产率为72%)。粗产物不经纯化直接用于下一步。。
MS(ESI+):273.9[M+H]+
步骤2:2,5-二氯-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000072
将4-氨基苯酚(1.59g,14.6mmol)溶于无水二甲基亚砜(30mL)中,通氮气10分钟后,加入叔丁醇钾(1.68g,15mmol),室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2,5-二氯-4-碘吡啶(4g,14.6mmol), 室温反应5小时,TLC检测显示反应完全。加入乙酸乙酯(80mL),充分搅拌,再加入水(100mL),分液后水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),合并乙酸乙酯层,水洗(150mL×2次),再用食盐水洗(100mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(0.34g,产率为9.1%)。
MS(ESI+):255.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(5-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000073
氮气保护下,将2,5-二氯-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(340mg,1.33mmol)和1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(278mg,1.33mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中(THF,8mL),加入碳酸钾(548mg,3.97mmol)和水(1.33mL),然后避光下加入四(三苯基膦)钯催化剂(76mg,0.06mmol),于85℃保温搅拌24小时,TLC检测反应完全。冷却至室温,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水各20mL,分液后水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×2次),合并乙酸乙酯层,食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(75mg,产率19%)。
MS(ESI+):301.0[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(5-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000074
将4-(5-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(75mg,0.25mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(2mL)中,氮气保护下加入4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯异氰酸酯(67mg,0.3mmol),室温下搅拌12小时后有大量固体析出,抽滤,二氯甲烷洗,烘干,得产物为白色固体(78mg,产率59.7%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.82(s,3H),6.98(s,1H),7.18(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.63-7.66(m,2H),7.82(s,1H),8.12(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.22(s,1H),8.59(s,1H),9.05(s,1H),9.25(s,1H).MS(ESI+):522.1[M+H]+
步骤5:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(5-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲对甲苯磺酸盐的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000075
将1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(5-氯-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲(70mg,0.134mmol)和对甲苯磺酸一水合物(31mg,0.161mmol)加到无水乙醇(2mL)中,所得的混合物加热至回流,补加无水乙醇至固体完全溶解。将所得澄清溶液过滤,将滤液静置过夜。抽滤收集所产生的的白色固体,烘干得产物为白色固体(57mg,产率为61%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ9.25(s,1H),9.05(s,1H),8.59(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),8.12(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.72-7.54 (m,4H),7.48(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.18(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.11(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.98(s,1H),3.82(s,3H),2.29(s,3H).
对比例5
化合物编号FD-2013017
1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-6-甲氧基-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000076
制备方法:
步骤1:2,6-二氯-4-(4-氨基苯基)吡啶
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000077
将4-氨基苯酚(2.39g,21.9mmol)溶于无水二甲基亚砜(30mL)中,通氮气10分钟后,加入叔丁醇钾(2.45g,21.9mmol),室温下搅拌30分钟后,加入2,4,6-三氯吡啶(4g,21.9mmol),45℃反应5小时,TLC检测显示反应完全。加入乙酸乙酯(80mL),充分搅拌,再加入水(100mL),分液后水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),合并乙酸乙酯层,水洗(150mL×2次),再用食盐水洗(100mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,得粗产物为淡黄色固体(5.1g,产率为91%)。粗产物不经进一步纯化用于下一步。
MS(ESI+):255.0[M+H]+
步骤2:2-氯-6-甲氧基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶的合成
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000078
将2,6-二氯-4-(4-氨基苯基)吡啶(7.2g,28.2mmol)溶于无水甲醇(50mL)中,加入甲醇钠(1.52g,28.2mmol),回流24小时,减压蒸干,加入水(100mL),乙酸乙酯萃取(100mL×3次),食盐水洗(100mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯8∶1)纯化得产物为黄色固体(0.88g,产率为12%)。
MS(ESI+):251.0[M+H]+
步骤3:4-(6-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000079
氮气保护下,将2-氯-6-甲氧基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)吡啶(440mg,1.76mmol)和1-甲基-4-吡唑硼酸频哪醇酯(368mg,1.76mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中(THF,8mL),加入碳酸钾(726mg,5.25mmol)和水(1.76mL),然后避光下加入四(三苯基膦)钯催化剂(100mg,0.08mmol),于85℃保温搅拌24小时,TLC检测反应完全。冷却至室温,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水各20mL,分液后水相用乙酸乙酯萃取(20mL×2次),合并乙酸乙酯层,食盐水洗(20mL×2次),无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩。残留物经柱色谱(硅胶,石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1,v/v)纯化得产物为淡黄色固体(400mg,产率77%)。
MS(ESI+):297.2[M+H]+
步骤4:1-(4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(4-(6-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4- 吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯基)脲的合成:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000080
将4-(6-甲氧基-2-(1-甲基-4-吡唑基)-4-吡啶氧基)苯胺(400mg,1.35mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(2mL)中,氮气保护下加入4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯基异氰酸酯(300mg,1.35mmol),室温下搅拌12小时后有大量固体析出,抽滤,二氯甲烷洗,烘干,得产物为白色固体(300mg,产率43%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.84(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),6.25(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.00-7.03(m,1H),7.12(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.60-7.68(m,2H),7.86(s,1H),8.07(s,1H),8.13(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.94(s,1H),9.23(s,1H).MS(ESI+):518.1[M+H]+
试验例1:测试化合物对VEGFR2激酶的抑制活性
1.材料和仪器
EnVision 2104多标记微孔板检测仪(PerkinElmer);
OptiPlate-384白色不透明384-孔微孔板(Cat.6007290,PerkinElmer);
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000081
KinEASETM-TK检测试剂盒(Cat.62TKOPEC,Cisbio);
VEGFR2(Cat:k2643,Sigma);
5×激酶缓冲液(Cat:PV3189,Invitrogen);
ATP 10mM(Cat.PV3227,InVitrogen);
DTT 1M(Cat.D5545,Sigma);
MgCl21M(Cat.M8266,Sigma);
MnCl21M(Cat.244589,Sigma);
待测化合物:实施例化合物
对照化合物:对比例化合物
2.实验步骤
2.1VEGFR2激酶试剂配制
表1VEGFR2激酶的反应体系各组分及浓度表
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000082
1×激酶缓冲液:1mL的1×激酶缓冲液中含有200μL 5×激酶缓冲液(Invitrogen)、5μL 1M MgCl2、1μL 1M DTT、1μL 1MMnCl2、793μL ddH2O;
5×TK底物-生物素和ATP工作液:TK底物-生物素和ATP的具体浓度见表1。用1×激酶缓冲液稀释TK底物-生物素和ATP至反应浓度的5倍;
5×激酶工作液:VEGFR2激酶的浓度见表1。用1×激酶缓冲液配制5×激酶工作液;
4×Sa-XL665工作液:Sa-XL665(Cisbio)在反应中的浓度参见表1。用检测缓冲液(Cisbio)配制4×Sa-XL665工作液;
4×TK Ab-cryptate工作液:用检测缓冲液(Cisbio)将TKAb-Cryptate(Cisbio)稀释100倍作为工作液;
2.2实验流程
HTRF KinEASE TK检测试剂盒实验流程
所有试剂按照上述方法配好后,除酶外,平衡到室温以后,开始进行加样。
TK底物-生物素,ATP,VEGFR2激酶以及一定浓度的化合物在1×激酶缓冲液中室温反应20分钟。待测化合物的抑制浓度从0到100μM,使用2.5%的DMSO作为共溶剂。向所有反应孔中加入5μl的4×Sa-XL665工作液和5μl的4×TK Ab-cryptate工作液,室温反应1小时后,用ENVISION(Perkinelmer)仪器检测荧光信号(320nm刺激,665nm、615nm发射)。通过全活性孔和背景信号孔计算出每个孔的抑制率,复孔取平均值,同时用专业的画图分析软件Graphpad PRISM 5.0对每个待测化合物进行半数抑制活性(IC50)的拟合。
实验加样流程图如下:
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000083
2.3数据分析
发射光比例(ER)=665nm发射信号/615nm发射信号
抑制率=(ERpositive-ERsample)/(ERpositive-ERnegative)*100%
3.实验结果
应用HTRF KinEASE TK kit检测化合物对激酶VEGFR2的半数抑制浓度IC50值。化合物作用终浓度从100μM开始,4倍倍比梯度稀释,共10个浓度,每个浓度为复孔测定,控制反应体 系DMSO最终浓度为1%。实验结果如表2及图1所示。
表2本发明的化合物对激酶VEGFR2活性抑制的IC50测定
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000084
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000085
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000086
4.实验结论:
本发明所有实施例化合物的IC50值均小于1000,说明本发明化合物具有非常优秀的激酶VEGFR2的抑制活性,可以作为优秀的抗肿瘤药物进行研究。
在与目前市场上非常优秀的抗肿瘤药物索拉非尼的对比中,本发明优选化合物的对激酶VEGFR2的抑制活性是上市药物索拉非尼(对比化合物1)的2-3倍,并且优于中国专利申请CN201110435847.9中化合物(对比化合物2)。其中,本发明实施例1化合物IC50值分别为索拉非尼(游离碱)和对比化合物2的0.32倍和0.15倍,即抑制活性分别是索拉菲尼和对比化合物2的3.13倍和6.6倍。实施例2化合物IC50值分别为索拉非尼(游离碱)和对比化合物2的0.62倍和0.34倍,即抑制活性分别是索拉菲尼和对比化合物2的1.61倍和3.4倍。实施例4化合物IC50值分别为索拉非尼(游离碱)和对比化合物2的0.75倍和0.36倍,即抑制活性分别是索拉菲尼和对比化合物2的1.3倍和2.7倍。实施例3化合物IC50浓度为索拉非尼(游离碱)的2.5倍,即抑制活性比索拉菲尼强弱1.5倍,与对比化合物2的相当,即抑制活性相当。
因此,从上述实验结果可以看出,本发明化合物具有极优秀的VEGFR2激酶抑制活性。
在本发明说明书通式II所示的X3、X4、X5三个取代位置的对比中,本发明化合物明显优于对比例3、4、5。
试验例2:本发明化合物体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖的IC50测定
1.材料和方法
细胞株:
MDA-MB-231人乳腺癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
A498人肾癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
HCT116人结肠癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
786-O人肾透明细胞腺癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
MiaPaCa-2人胰腺癌细胞株(购于美国ATCC);
SK-OV-3人卵巢癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
HepG2人肝癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
NCI-H460人大细胞肺癌细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
HL-60人急性髓系白血病细胞株(购于中科院上海细胞生物研究所);
试剂和耗材:
Cell Counting Kit-8(Cat#CK04-13,Dojindo);
96孔培养板(Cat#3599,Corning Costar);
胎牛血清(Cat#10099-141,GIBCO);
表3中各培养基(Invitrogen);
台式酶标仪SpectraMax M5Microplate Reader(Molecular Devices);
待测化合物:实施例化合物;
对照化合物:对比例化合物;
2.实验步骤
2.1试剂配制
表3培养基的配制
细胞株 培养基
786-O RPMI 1640+10%FBS
MDA-MB-231 RPMI 1640+10%FBS
A498 EMEM+10%FBS
HCT116 DMEM+10%FBS
SK-OV-3 McCov′s 5A+10%FBS
MiaPaC a-2 RPMI 1640+10%FBS
HepG2 EMEM+10%FBS
NCI-H460 RPMI 1640+10%FBS
HL-60 RPMI 1640+10%FBS
化合物的制备:用DMSO稀释化合物使终浓度为10mM。
2.2细胞培养
a)收集对数生长期细胞,计数,用完全培养基重新悬浮细胞;
b)调整细胞浓度至合适浓度,接种96孔板,每孔接种100μl细胞悬液。
c)细胞在37℃,100%相对湿度,5%CO2培养箱中孵育24小时。
2.3IC50实验
a)收集对数生长期细胞,计数,用完全培养基重新悬浮细胞,调整细胞浓度至合适浓度(依照细胞密度优化试验结果确定),接种96孔板,每孔加100μl细胞悬液。细胞在37℃,100%相对湿度,5%CO2培养箱中孵育24小时。
b)用培养基将待测化合物稀释至500μM后梯度稀释8次。按25μl/孔加入细胞。化合物终浓度从100μM至0μM,4倍梯度稀释,共10个浓度点。
c)细胞置于37℃,100%相对湿度,5%CO2培养箱中孵育72 小时。
d)吸弃培养基,加入含10%CCK-8的完全培养基置于37℃培养箱中孵育2-4小时。
e)轻轻震荡后在SpectraMax M5Microplate Reader上测定450nm波长处的吸光度,以650nm处吸光度作为参比,计算抑制率。
2.4数据处理
按下式计算药物对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制率:肿瘤细胞生长抑制率(%)=[(Ac-As)/(Ac-Ab)]×100%。
A:样品的吸光度(细胞+CCK-8+待测化合物);
Ac:阴性对照的吸光度(细胞+CCK-8+DMSO);
Ab:阳性对照的吸光度(培养基+CCK-8+DMSO);
用专业作图分析软件GraphPad Prism 5.0拟合IC50曲线和IC50值的计算。
3.实验结果
本实验检测了本发明化合物对肿瘤细胞株的体外细胞增殖IC50值。化合物作用终浓度从100μM至0μM,4倍梯度稀释,共10个浓度点。实验结果如表4所示。
表4IC50(μM)
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000087
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000088
4.实验结论:
在体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖实验中,本发明的化合物对不同肿瘤细胞的半数抑制浓度IC50均在0-20之间,说明本发明化合物具有非常优秀的体外肿瘤细胞抑制活性,可以作为优秀的抗肿瘤药物进行研究。
在与目前市场上非常优秀的抗肿瘤药物索拉非尼的对比中,本发明的化合物在不同细胞系对SK-OV-3,HCT-116,786-O,MDA-MB-231等肿瘤细胞系的半数抑制浓度(IC50)均明显优于上市药物索拉非尼(例如,在MDA-MB-231细胞系中,本发明实施例1化合物的IC50浓度为索拉非尼的0.28,本发明实施例2化合物的IC50浓度为索拉非尼的0.30);对A498,MiaPaCa-2,HepG2,NCI-H460,HL-60等肿瘤细胞系的半数抑制浓度(IC50)与上市药物索拉非尼相当。
本实验证明,本发明化合物对肿瘤细胞具有优秀的抗增殖活性。
试验例3:本发明化合物在小鼠体内药代动力学研究
1.材料与方法
1.1待测化合物
本发明实施例、对比例化合物
1.2实验动物
CD-1小鼠,雌性,体重28-35g。
1.3给药方式
给药途径:静脉注射;口服。
禁食情况:自由饮水,不禁食。
2.实验方法
2.1给药与样品收集
2.1.1给药
给药前称重并计算给药体积(IV组:4mL/kg;PO组:10mL/kg)。
给药方式及剂量:静脉(IV)组1mg/kg;口服(PO)组5mg/kg。
样品:血浆。
动物分组:3只/组,每个待测药物分静脉和口服2组。
2.1.2样品收集
给药后,IV组经眼眶在各个预定时间点(5分钟、15分钟、30分钟、1小时、2小时、4小时、8小时、24小时)收集30μL全血,PO组经眼眶在各个预定时间点(15分钟、30分钟、1小时、2小时、4小时、8小时、24小时)收集30μL全血,全血离心(6,000rpm,5分钟)得血浆,所有的血浆样品存放在-80℃冰箱等待分柝。
2.2定量分析方法
LC/MS/MS条件如下:
电离模式:ESI,正离子;
检测模式:MRM;
定量离子FD2012015:506.12/270.20;
内标(特非那丁):472.40/436.40;
样品处理:50ng特非那丁(乙腈溶液)沉淀蛋白(PPT);
样品:CD-1小鼠血浆(EDTA抗凝);
样品体积:20μL;
色谱柱:ACE C4column(50mm*2.1mm,5micron)
流动相:梯度洗脱,流动相A:水(含0.1%甲酸),流动相B:乙腈(含0.1%甲酸);
流速(mL/min):0.9;
柱温(℃):室温;
进样体积(μL):5;
时间(分钟):2.0;
3.数据处理
用非房室模型法估算药代动学参数(采用WinNonlin软件计算):
IV参数:t1/2(hr);C0(ng/mL);AUClast(hr*ng/mL);AUCInf(hr*ng/mL);AUC Extr(%);Vz(L/kg);Vss(L/kg);CL(mL/min/kg);MRT(hr)。
PO参数:t1/2(hr);tmax(hr);Cmax(ng/mL);AUClast(hr*ng/mL);AUCInf(hr*ng/mL);AUC Extr(%);MRT(hr);AUC/D(hr*mg/mL);F(%)。
4.实验结果:
表5本发明化合物口服给药后的药代动力学参数(每组3只小鼠的平均值)
  Cmax(ng/mL) AUClast(hr*ng/mL) F(%)
实施例1 1913 39610 90.3
实施例2 3007 56618 82.9
Sorafenib 1150 18920 78.6
注:Cmax:峰浓度;AUClast:药时曲线下面积;F:口服利用度
5.实验结论:
本发明实施例1、2化合物具有非常优秀的代谢稳定性,峰浓度、药时曲线下面积、口服利用度等数据明显优于上市药物索拉非尼,非常具有临床应用前景。说明当向通式I的X3位置上引入取代基后,这些取代基从空间构型上阻止了原有的易被代谢的位点(对比化合物2、3、4在X3位置上是氢),提高了化合物代谢稳定性,保证了化合物在体内的高水平的血药浓度,从而使本发明化合物的药效又进一步的增加。
试验例4
1.细胞培养
用含有灭活的10%胎牛血清,100U/ml的青霉素和100μg/ml的链霉素以及2mM谷氨酰胺的RPMI-1640培养基在37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中培养786-O细胞。细胞培养起始浓度为5×105个/毫升,每隔3至4天待细胞长满后分瓶传代。将处于对数生长期的肿瘤细胞用于体内肿瘤的接种。
2.肿瘤细胞接种与分组
PBS重悬的786-O肿瘤细胞8×106个/0.1ml接种于雌性SCID-Beige裸鼠(SPF级)的右侧胁肋部皮下,待肿瘤生长到800mm3,在无菌条件下,剥离肿瘤,选择生长良好的肿瘤组织,切成瘤块2×2×2mm3,然后再接种到动物皮下。待肿瘤长至100mm3左右时分组给药,共5组,每组8只。
3.肿瘤的测量及试验终点
使用游标卡尺测量肿瘤体积每周2次,测量肿瘤的长径和短径,其体积计算公式为:体积=0.5×长径×短径2。末次测量后处死动物剥离肿瘤称重。根据各组肿瘤重量计算肿瘤生长抑制率(TGI)。肿瘤生长抑制率(TGI)=(1-T/C)×100%。T:给药组平均相对瘤重量;C:阴性对照组平均相对瘤重量,肿瘤生长抑制率≥60%,并经统计学处理p<0.05为有效。
表6FD-2013018对786-O人源肾透明细胞异种移植荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用(肿瘤重量)
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000089
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000090
注:a.均数±标准误;b.与溶剂对照组比较;c空白溶剂为:溶媒DMA∶Solutol HS-15∶H2O=5∶5∶90(体积比)(DMA为二甲基乙酰胺,Solutol HS-15,购自BASF,CAS:61909-81-7);FD-2013018为游离形式;po为口服,QD为一天一次;
P值:组2(10mg/kg)vs.组3(20mg/kg)=0.999;组2vs.组4(40mg/kg)=0.386;
组3vs.组4=0.270。
试验例5
1.细胞培养
用含有灭活的10%胎牛血清,100U/ml青霉素和100μg/ml链霉素以及2mM谷氨酰胺的McCoy′s 5a培养基在37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中培养HCT116细胞。细胞培养起始浓度为5×105个/毫升,每隔3至4天待细胞长满后分瓶传代。将处于对数生长期的肿瘤细胞用于体内肿瘤的接种。
2.肿瘤接种与分组
PBS重悬的HCT116肿瘤细胞1.0×107/0.1ml接种于Balb/c裸鼠右侧胁肋部皮下。待肿瘤生长到800mm3时处死动物,在无菌条件下,剥离肿瘤,选择生长良好的肿瘤组织,将肿瘤组织切成2×2×2mm3瘤块,接种至Balb/c裸鼠右侧胁肋部皮下,共转接60只动物。待肿瘤长至110mm3左右时分组给药,共5组,每组8只。
3.肿瘤的测量及实验指标
每周使用游标卡尺对肿瘤体积进行两次测量,测量肿瘤的长 径和短径,其体积计算公式为:体积=0.5×长径×短径2。末次测量后处死动物剥离肿瘤称重。根据肿瘤重量计算肿瘤生长抑制率(TGI)=(1-T/C)×100%,其中T为各受试化合物组相对肿瘤重量的平均值,C为溶剂对照组相对肿瘤重量的平均值。实验结束时,将实验动物安乐处死。
表7FD-2013018对HCT116异种移植荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用(肿瘤重量)
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000091
注:a.均数±标准差;b.与对照组比较;FD-2013018为游离形式;空白溶剂同表6;
P值:组2(10mg/kg)vs.组3(20mg/kg)=0.687;组2vs.组4(40mg/kg)=0.248;
组3vs.组4=0.807。
对比实验例1:
舒尼替尼(Sunitinib),依照专利WO0160814A1方法制备。
动物模型制备:
取生长良好的786-O实体瘤,无菌条件下切割成约1mm3大小均匀的小块,用套管针接种于裸鼠右前肢腋窝皮下。定期观察肿 瘤生长情况,直至肿瘤体积生长至250~550mm3.
分组及给药:
淘汰瘤体积过大或过小、肿瘤形状不规则的动物,选择状态良好,肿瘤体积250~550mm3的荷瘤鼠,共48只,将动物分为6组,分别作为溶媒对照组、3个阳性对照组和2个受试品组。阳性对照及受试品组,均采用灌胃给药,每天1次;溶媒对照组给予12.5%乙醇&12.5%聚氧乙烯蓖麻油超纯水溶液,每天1次;灌胃容量均为10ml/kg。
给药期间每周测量2次瘤径,并计算肿瘤体积,同时记录动物体重。每次给药时观察动物状态,并对异常状态进行记录。
处死动物:
CO2处死动物,剥取瘤块称重,并拍照。对动物进行大体解剖,肉眼观察脏器有无异常。
观察指标:
瘤重抑瘤率(IR)=(WC-WT)/WC
其中WC、WT分别表示溶媒对照组平均瘤重和给药组平均瘤重。
BW0为分组时(即d0)称量所得动物体重,BWt为每次称量时的动物体重。如果体重下降率为负值,表示对我体重增加。
统计方法:
试验数据用Microsoft Office Excel 2003软件进行计算和相关统计学处理。数据除特别说明外,均用均数±标准误(Mean±S.E)表示,两组间比较采用t-检验。
表8FD-1210005对人体肾癌786-O裸鼠移植瘤瘤重的影响
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000092
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000093
注:1.与溶剂对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;
2.本实验中sorafenib为对甲苯磺酸盐,FD-1210005为游离形式
对比实验例2
动物模型制备:
取生长良好的对数生长期的人HCT-116细胞悬液,无菌条件下用注射器接种于裸鼠右前肢腋窝皮下。定期观察肿瘤生长情况,直至肿瘤体积生长至100~300mm3
分组及给药:
选择肿瘤体积100~300mm3的荷瘤鼠48,将动物分为6组,分别作为溶媒对照组、3个阳性对照组和2个受试品组。阳性对照及受试品组,均采用灌胃给药,每天1次;溶媒对照组给予12.5%乙醇&12.5%聚氧乙烯蓖麻油超纯水溶液,每天1次;灌胃容量均为10ml/kg。
给药期间每周测量2次瘤径,并计算肿瘤体积,同时记录动物体重。每次给药时观察动物状况,并对异常状况进行记录。
处死动物:
CO2处死动物,剥取瘤块称重,并拍照。拍照结束后,每个瘤块剪成2份,一份放在4%多聚甲醛中保存,另一份装入冻存管中,液氮中冻存。对动物进行大体解剖,肉眼观察脏器有无异常。
观察指标:
瘤重抑瘤率(IR)=(WC-WT)/WC
其中WC、WT分别表示溶媒对照组平均瘤重和给药组平均瘤重。
统计方法:
试验数据用Microsoft Office Excel 2003软件进行计算和相关统计学处理。数据除特别说明外,均用均数±标准误(Mean±S.E)表示,两组间比较采用t-检验。
表9FD-1210005对人结肠癌HCT-116裸鼠移植瘤瘤重的影响
Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-000094
注:1.与溶剂对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;
2.“-,”表示此处没有数据。
3.本实验中sorafenib为对甲苯磺酸盐,FD-1210005为游离形式
从体内抗肿瘤试验研究结果显示,实施例2(FD-2013018)在10mg/kg的剂量下对786-O和HCT116异种移植荷瘤小鼠即分别达到82%和84.1%的抑瘤作用,在40mg/kg下更是均达到92%;而对比化合物2(FD-2010005)在20mg/kg剂量下对786-O和HCT116异种移植荷瘤小鼠分别达到80%和67%的抑瘤作用,在60mg/kg剂量下也只达到80%和71%的抑瘤作用。这些数据说明,本发明实施例2的化合物(FD-2013018)的体内抗肿瘤活性明显优于对比化合物2(FD-1210005),具有更低的有效剂量和更强的抗肿瘤活性。
综上,本发明的化合物具有非常强的体外和体内抗肿瘤活性,以及特别优秀的药代动力学性质。在与索拉菲尼和对比例2化合物的对比中,本发明的化合物具有更强的体外和体内抗肿瘤活性,更好的药代动力学性质。
尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述,本领域技术人员将会理解。根据已经公开的所有教导,可以对那些细节进行各种修改和替换,这些改变均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的全部范围由所附权利要求及其任何等同物给出。

Claims (40)

  1. 一种式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100001
    其中,
    X1选自式a所示的取代或未取代的五元芳杂环;
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100002
    R4、R5、R6各自独立地选自碳原子、氮原子、氧原子、或硫原子,R8、R9、R10各自独立地选自氢、卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基;
    X2选自F或H;
    X3选自卤素、-CN、C1-C4烷基、卤代的C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤代的C1-C4烷氧基、-NR11R12;其中所述R11、R12各自独立地选自氢、或C1-C4烷基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中R4、R5、R6各自独立地选自碳原子或氮原子。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中R4、R5、R6不同时为碳 原子。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中R4、R5、R6不同时为氮原子。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中R8、R9、R10各自独立地选自氢、或甲基。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,X1
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100003
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,X3选自F、Cl、Br、-CF3、-CN、C1-C2烷基、C1-C2烷氧基、-NR11R12;其中所述R11、R12各自独立地选自氢、或C1-C2烷基。
  8. 根据权利要求7中所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,X3选自F、Cl、-CN。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物选自以下化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100006
    以及
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100007
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物选自以下化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100008
    以及
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100009
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物的药学上可接受的盐选自:盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、甲磺酸盐、三氟甲磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、1-萘磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、草酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、苯基乙酸盐、或杏仁酸盐。
  12. 药物组合物,其含有权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的辅料。
  13. 根据权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物的制备方法,其包括:
    1)式B所示的化合物与式C所示的化合物在叔丁醇钾的催化下发生如下反应,得到式D所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100010
    其中R13为氟、氯、溴或碘;
    2)式D所示的化合物与式E所示的化合物在四(三苯基膦)钯或二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯的催化下发生如下反应,得到式F所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100011
    以及
    3)式F所示的化合物与式G所示的化合物发生如下反应,得到式I所示的多取代的吡啶化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100012
    其中X1、X2、X3的定义同权利要求1-10任一项。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,所述的式B所示的化合物是通过以下方法制备得到的:
    式A所示的化合物发生卤代反应,得到式B所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100013
    其中R13为氟、氯、溴或碘。
  15. 根据权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物的制备方法,其中,当X3为NH2时,所述的制备方法包括:
    1)式H所示的化合物与式C所示的化合物在叔丁醇钾作为碱的存在下发生如下反应,从而得到式W所示的化合物;
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100014
    其中R13为氟、氯、溴或碘;
    2)式W所示的化合物与式E所示的化合物在四(三苯基膦)钯或二(三苯基膦)二氯化钯的催化下发生如下反应,得到式J所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100015
    3)式J所示的化合物在钯碳的催化下进行氢化反应,得到式K所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100016
    以及
    4)式K所示的化合物与式G所示的化合物发生如下反应,得到式L所示的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2014095461-appb-100017
  16. 根据权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗和/或预防与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的用途,其中所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的用途,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
  19. 一种治疗和/或预防与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的受试者给予治疗或预防有效量的权利要求1-10任一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐。
  20. 权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
  21. 权利要求20所述的方法,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
  22. 根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物 或其水合物、溶剂合物、药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗和/或预防与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中所述的与VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶相关的疾病包括肿瘤或癌症。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症为黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌、或间皮瘤。
  25. 用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶活性的方法,其包括,给所述细胞施用有效量的根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的方法,其中,所述的方法在体外进行。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的方法,其中,所述的方法在体内进行。
  28. 根据权利要求25-27任意一项所述的方法,其中,所述的细胞为细胞系,或者来自受试者的细胞,例如肿瘤细胞或癌细胞。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症选自黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌或间皮瘤。
  30. 根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐用于制备试剂的用途,所述的试剂用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶的活性。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的用途,其中,所述的试剂用于体外方法中。
  32. 根据权利要求根据权利要求30所述的用途,其中,所述的试剂用于体内方法中。
  33. 根据权利要求30-32任意一项所述的用途,其中,所述的细胞为细胞系,或者来自受试者的细胞,例如肿瘤细胞或癌细胞。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的用途,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症选自黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌或间皮瘤。
  35. 根据权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶的活性。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其用于体外方法中。
  37. 根据权利要求根据权利要求35所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其用于体内方法中。
  38. 根据权利要求35-37任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述的细胞为细胞系,或者来自受试者的细胞,例如肿瘤细胞或癌细胞。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,其中,所述的肿瘤或癌症选自黑色素瘤、肝癌、肾癌、急性白血病、慢性白血病、非小细胞肺癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌、骨髓异常增生综合症、食管癌或间皮瘤。
  40. 一种用于抑制细胞中的VEGFR-2、VEGFR-3、CRAF、PDGFR-β、BRAF、V600E BRAF、KIT和/或FLT-3激酶的活性的试剂盒,所述的试剂盒包括权利要求1-10任意一项所述的多取代的吡啶化合物或其水合物、溶剂合物和药学上可接受的盐,且,任选地还包括使用说明。
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CN114436925B (zh) * 2022-01-14 2023-08-15 河北大学 间二苯酚醚类化合物及其制备方法与应用
CN114773320A (zh) * 2022-05-29 2022-07-22 重庆医科大学 1,3,5-三嗪化合物及其制备方法和用途
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