WO2015172665A1 - 无线电力传输装置 - Google Patents

无线电力传输装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015172665A1
WO2015172665A1 PCT/CN2015/078177 CN2015078177W WO2015172665A1 WO 2015172665 A1 WO2015172665 A1 WO 2015172665A1 CN 2015078177 W CN2015078177 W CN 2015078177W WO 2015172665 A1 WO2015172665 A1 WO 2015172665A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
wireless power
power transmission
transmission device
magnetic core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/078177
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王少永
宋玉明
戴丰
邹立
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tyco Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd
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Tyco Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd filed Critical Tyco Electronics Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority to MX2016015073A priority Critical patent/MX362878B/es
Priority to KR1020167034663A priority patent/KR101923565B1/ko
Priority to EP15791920.0A priority patent/EP3144954B1/en
Publication of WO2015172665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015172665A1/zh
Priority to US15/353,271 priority patent/US11094456B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
    • H01F1/342—Oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
    • H01F1/342—Oxides
    • H01F1/344—Ferrites, e.g. having a cubic spinel structure (X2+O)(Y23+O3), e.g. magnetite Fe3O4
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless power transmission device that realizes wireless transmission of electric power by electromagnetic coupling.
  • the electrical energy required for the control components and the drive components is mainly obtained through external wiring or built-in batteries.
  • the transmission of electrical energy inside the equipment is mainly transmitted by means of physical connection of power lines. Therefore, in some moving parts, Physical wear and tear is prone to some safety, equipment life and maintenance problems.
  • the way of wireless transmission of electrical energy is introduced, that is, the coupling of the coils is used in some key parts to realize the non-contact transmission of energy, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conventional wireless power transmission device.
  • the wireless power transmitting device includes a first spiral coil (for example, a transmitting coil) 1 housed in the first casing 3 and a second spiral coil (for example, a receiving coil) 2 housed in the second casing 4,
  • the first helical coil 1 and the second helical coil 2 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance in the direction of their central axes, and the end faces of the two coils are parallel, and the spaces formed by the respective ones do not intersect and are independent.
  • the two coils are electromagnetically coupled to achieve wireless transmission of power between the first helical coil 1 and the second helical coil 2.
  • the inventor of the present application has provided a new solution in which a special cooperation mode is adopted for the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the key components.
  • the transmitting coil and the receiving coil can achieve high electromagnetic coupling by nesting cooperation, thereby ensuring high-efficiency transmission power from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil.
  • the nesting cooperation means that at least a part of one of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil passes through at least a part of the space defined by the other coil, and the two nested coils are not in contact, but the two coils are The defined spaces at least partially overlap, the central axes of the two coils may be parallel, may be vertical, and may intersect at any other angle.
  • the nesting of the two coils can be easily extended to the nesting of multiple coils.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmission device in which the size of a coil is small and the electromagnetic coupling strength between coils is high, and the electromagnetic coupling strength between coils is substantially constant within a certain range of motion. Constant.
  • a wireless power transmission apparatus includes: a first coil; and a second coil electromagnetically coupled to and not in contact with the first coil, wherein the first coil and the second At least a portion of one of the coils passes through at least a portion of the space defined by the other coil.
  • the first coil defines a space, and a central axis of the first coil passes through the space; and the second coil passes through the first coil via the space.
  • the central axis of the first coil is parallel to the central axis of the second coil.
  • the central axis of the first coil is perpendicular to the central axis of the second coil.
  • the central axis of the first coil is at an angle to the central axis of the second coil.
  • the wireless power transmission device further includes: a first magnetic core disposed inside or outside the first coil, Forming a first coil assembly together with the first coil; and a second magnetic core disposed inside or outside the second coil, together with the second coil forming a second coil assembly, wherein the second coil A coil assembly passes through the first coil assembly via the space and is out of contact with the first coil assembly.
  • the space is an annular space surrounded by the first coil.
  • the central axis of the first coil coincides with the central axis of the second coil.
  • the first magnetic core is disposed to surround an outer peripheral surface of the first coil; and the second coil is disposed to surround an outer peripheral surface of the second magnetic core.
  • the first coil is rotatable about its central axis and the second coil is movable in a direction along its central axis.
  • the first coil and the second coil are helical coil windings, for example, first and second helical coil windings formed on the first and second magnetic cores.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are made of a soft magnetic material, such as a ferrite material or a plastic ferrite material.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are made of a manganese zinc oxide ferrite material or a nickel zinc oxide ferrite material, but the invention is not limited to use.
  • the invention is not limited to use.
  • other suitable ferrite cores can also be used.
  • the first coil and the first magnetic core are formed in a hollow cylindrical shape; and the second coil is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape, and the second The magnetic core is formed into a solid cylindrical shape.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are made of a plastic ferrite material.
  • the first coil and the first magnetic core are formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, a prism shape or a cone shape; and the second coil is formed into a hollow cylinder Shaped, prismatic or pyramidal, and the second core is formed as a solid cylinder Shaped, prismatic or cone shaped.
  • the first and second coils and the first and second magnetic cores of the present invention are not limited to the several shapes listed above, and other suitable shapes may be employed.
  • the wireless power transfer device includes a plurality of first coil assemblies and a second coil assembly; and the one second coil assembly passes through the plurality of first coil assemblies via the space, And not in contact with each of the first coil assemblies.
  • the first coil includes a first portion and a second portion opposite to the first portion; the space is a space between the first portion and the second portion of the first coil .
  • the first magnetic core includes: a U-shaped main body portion; a first cylindrical portion connected to one side at an opening of the U-shaped main body portion; and a second cylindrical portion connected to the U The other side of the opening of the shaped body portion.
  • the first portion of the first coil is wound on the first columnar portion of the first magnetic core; and the second portion of the first coil is wound around the first core On the second columnar portion.
  • the second magnetic core is in the shape of an elongated rectangular parallelepiped, and the second coil is wound around the outer circumference of the second magnetic core.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are made of a soft magnetic material, such as a ferrite material or a plastic ferrite material.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are made of a manganese zinc oxide ferrite material or a nickel zinc oxide ferrite material.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core are made of a plastic ferrite material.
  • the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core have a circular, elliptical, triangular, trapezoidal, rectangular or square cross section.
  • the wireless power transfer device includes a plurality of first coil assemblies and a second coil assembly; and the one second coil assembly passes through the plurality of first coil assemblies via the space, And not in contact with each of the first coil assemblies.
  • the electromagnetic coupling strength between the two coils can be improved without increasing by The size of the coil increases the coupling strength between the two.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an electromagnetic coupling device of the prior art
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a wireless power transmission device includes: a first coil 11; and a second coil 21 electromagnetically coupled to and not in contact with the first coil, wherein At least a portion of one of the first coil 11 and the second coil 12 passes through at least a portion of the space defined by the other coil.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmission device mainly includes a first coil 11 and a second coil 21.
  • the second coil 21 is electromagnetically coupled to the first coil 11 and is not in contact.
  • One of the first coil 11 and the second coil 21 is a transmitting coil, and the other is a receiving coil.
  • the first coil 11 is a spiral coil, the inside of which defines a hollow annular space through which the central axis of the first coil 11 passes, and the second coil 21 passes through the annular space through the first space.
  • the central axis of the second coil 21 coincides with the central axis of the first coil 11, that is, the second coil 21 has the same central axis as the first coil 11. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and the central axis of the first coil 11 and the central axis of the second coil 21 may not coincide or be parallel, for example, in another embodiment, the first coil 11
  • the central axis may be perpendicular or at an angle to the central axis of the second coil 21, for example, the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.
  • the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 30 degrees, more preferably, the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 15 degrees, and more preferably, the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 10 degrees, more preferably The angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 5 degrees.
  • a first magnetic core 12 is disposed outside the first coil 11, that is, the first magnetic core 12 is disposed to surround the first core The outer peripheral surface of a coil 11.
  • the first coil 11 and the first core 12 together constitute the first coil assembly 10.
  • a second core 22 is disposed inside the second coil 21, that is, the second coil 21 is disposed to surround the outer peripheral surface of the second core 22, or the second coil 21 is wound around the second coil 21
  • Two cores 22 are on.
  • the second coil 21 and the second core 22 together constitute the second coil assembly 20.
  • the annular space defined by the second coil assembly 20 via the first coil 11 passes through the first coil assembly 10 and is not in contact with the first coil assembly 10.
  • the first coil 11 is rotatable about its central axis and the second coil 21 is movable in a direction along its central axis.
  • the first coil 11 and the second coil 21 may be spiral coil windings, for example, formed on the first and second coils on the first and second magnetic cores. Spiral coil windings.
  • the first core 12 and the second core 22 may be made of a soft magnetic material, such as a ferrite material or a plastic ferrite material.
  • the first magnetic core 12 and the second magnetic core 22 may be made of a conventional ferrite material, for example, a manganese zinc oxide ferrite material or a nickel zinc oxide ferrite material.
  • the manganese zinc oxide ferrite material and the nickel zinc oxide ferrite material have the disadvantage that they cannot be injection molded into a complicated shape and have a large weight.
  • a new type of plastic ferrite material has been developed in recent years, which has a low initial permeability (generally 5 -20), the quality is lighter, and it can be easily molded into various complicated shapes. Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first core 12 and the second core 22 may be made of a plastic ferrite material.
  • Plastic ferrite materials as referred to herein include any ferrite material that is commercially available from the market by legal commercial means.
  • the first coil 11 and the first core 12 are formed in a hollow cylindrical shape; and the second coil 21 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and the second core 22 is formed into a solid shape. Cylindrical.
  • first coil 11 and the first core 12 may be formed in a hollow prismatic shape, a pyramid shape, or other suitable shape; and the second coil 21 may be formed as Hollow prismatic, pyramidal or other suitable shape, and the second core 22 is formed as a solid prismatic, pyramidal or other suitable shape.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmission device of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is different from the wireless power transmission device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the wireless power transmission device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes only one The first coil assembly 10, while the wireless power transmission device of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 includes a plurality of first coil assemblies 10.
  • the wireless power transfer device includes a plurality of first coil assemblies 10 and a second coil assembly 20.
  • a second coil assembly 20 passes through the plurality of first coil assemblies 10 via an annular space defined by each of the plurality of first coil assemblies 10 and is not in contact with each of the first coil assemblies 10.
  • the length of one of the second coil assemblies 20 along its central axis is long to be able to pass through the plurality of first coil assemblies 10.
  • the central axes of the plurality of first coils 11 coincide with the central axis of a second coil 21, that is, the plurality of first coils 11 and one of the second coils 21 have the same central axis.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmission device mainly includes a first coil 110 and a second coil 210.
  • the second coil 210 is electromagnetically coupled to the first coil 110 and is not in contact.
  • One of the first coil 110 and the second coil 210 is a transmitting coil, and the other is a receiving coil.
  • the first coil 110 includes a first portion 111 and a second portion 112 opposite the first portion 111.
  • the first portion 111 of the first coil 110 and the second portion 112 are spaced apart from each other, however, it is noted that the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 of the first coil 110 are coiled by the same wire.
  • a space is defined between the spaces.
  • the central axis of the first coil 110 passes through the spacing space, and the second coil 210 passes between the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 of the first coil 110 via the spacing space.
  • the central axis of the second coil 210 is parallel to the central axis of the first coil 110, but does not have to coincide with each other. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and the central axis of the first coil 110 and the central axis of the second coil 210 may also be perpendicular or at an angle, for example, the angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees. .
  • the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 30 degrees, more preferably, the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 15 degrees, and more preferably, the included angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 10 degrees, more preferably The angle may be greater than 0 degrees and less than 5 degrees.
  • the first core 110 is provided with a first core 120
  • the second coil 210 is provided with a second core 220.
  • the first magnetic core 120 includes: a U-shaped main body portion 123; a first cylindrical portion 121 connected to one side of the opening of the U-shaped main body portion 123 (in the figure) The upper side); and the second columnar portion 122 are connected to the other side (the lower side in the drawing) at the opening of the U-shaped body portion 123.
  • the first portion 111 of the first coil 110 is wound on the first column portion 121 of the first core 120, and the second portion 112 of the first coil 110 is wound on the second column portion 122 of the first core 120.
  • the first coil 110 and the first core 120 together form a first coil assembly 100.
  • the second core 220 has an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the second coil 210 is wound around the outer circumference of the second core 220.
  • the second coil 210 and the second core 220 together constitute the second coil assembly 200.
  • the second coil assembly 200 passes through the first coil assembly 100 via a space between the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 of the first coil 110 and is not in contact with the first coil assembly 100.
  • the first core 120 and the second core 220 may be made of a soft magnetic material, such as a ferrite material or a plastic ferrite material.
  • the first core 120 and the second core 220 may employ conventional ferrite.
  • the bulk material is used as a material, for example, a manganese zinc oxide ferrite material or a nickel zinc oxide ferrite material.
  • the manganese zinc oxide ferrite material and the nickel zinc oxide ferrite material have the disadvantage that they cannot be injection molded into a complicated shape and have a large weight.
  • a new type of plastic ferrite material has been developed in recent years, which has a low initial permeability (generally 5 -20), the quality is lighter, and it can be easily molded into various complicated shapes. Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first core 120 and the second core 220 may be made of a plastic ferrite material.
  • Plastic ferrite materials as referred to herein include any ferrite material that is commercially available from the market by legal commercial means.
  • first magnetic core 120 and the second magnetic core 220 have a substantially rectangular cross section, but the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and in another embodiment of the present invention
  • the cross section of the first core 120 and the second core 22 may be circular, elliptical, triangular, trapezoidal, square or other suitable shape.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a wireless power transmission device in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless power transmission device of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is different from the wireless power transmission device of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that the wireless power transmission device of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 includes only one The first coil assembly 100, while the wireless power transmission device of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 includes a plurality of first coil assemblies 100.
  • the wireless power transfer device includes a plurality of first coil assemblies 100 and a second coil assembly 200.
  • a second coil assembly 200 passes through the plurality of first coil assemblies 100 via a space between the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 of each of the plurality of first coil assemblies 100, and each The first coil assembly 100 is not in contact.
  • a second coil assembly 200 has a longer length in a direction perpendicular to its central axis so as to be able to pass through the plurality of first coil assemblies 100.
  • the central axes of the plurality of first coils 110 and the central axis of a second coil 210 lie in the same plane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种无线电力传输装置，包括：第一线圈（11）；和第二线圈（21），与第一线圈电磁耦合且不接触，其中，第一线圈和所述第二线圈中的一个线圈的至少一部分穿过由另一个线圈所限定的空间的至少一部分。由于发射线圈和接收线圈中的一个线圈穿过另一个线圈，因此，能够提高两个线圈之间的电磁耦合强度，而无需通过增大线圈的尺寸来提高两者之间的耦合强度。

Description

无线电力传输装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过电磁耦合来实现电力的无线传输的无线电力传输装置。
背景技术
在电子与电气设备中，控制部件和驱动部件所需的电能主要是通过外部接线或内置电池获得，设备内部电能的传输也主要是靠电力线物理连接的方式传输，因此，在一些运动部件区域，容易出现物理磨损从而导致一些安全、设备寿命及保养的问题。为此，在电子和电气设备的设计中引入了无线传输电能的方式，即在一些关键部位使用线圈组耦合的方式实现能量的非接触式传输，如图1所示。
图1显示了一种传统的无线电力传输装置。该无线电力传输装置包括容纳在第一壳体3中的第一螺旋线圈(例如，为发射线圈)1和容纳在第二壳体4中的第二螺旋线圈(例如，为接收线圈)2，第一螺旋线圈1与第二螺旋线圈2在它们的中心轴线的方向上相互分离开预定距离，两个线圈的端面平行，各自形成的空间不相交，各自独立。这两个线圈通过电磁耦合，从而实现电力在第一螺旋线圈1与第二螺旋线圈2之间的无线传输。
但是，在实际的无线电力传输方案设计过程中，这样的线圈配合结构对某些性能的实现带来困难。比如，有时候要求安装在运动部件内的电力接收线圈在一定运动范围内需要保持恒定的电压、电流或功率等电气特性，图1所示的分离耦合方式很难做到这一点。并且，由于两个线圈在空间耦合距离上分离独立，其耦合强度小，并且有效耦合距离也很短，一般为10mm以内，为了获得更强的电磁耦合和更远的耦合距离，需要加大线圈的直径和厚度，导致线圈的尺寸过大。
发明内容
为了满足小尺寸、强耦合和在一定运动范围内耦合恒定的要求， 本申请的发明人提供了一种新的解决方案，就是对关键部件的发射线圈和接收线圈采用特殊的配合方式。
本发明的一个目的旨在解决现有技术中存在的上述问题和缺陷的至少一个方面。
本申请的发明人研究后发现，发射线圈和接收线圈采用嵌套配合方式可以获得较高的电磁耦合，从而保证从发射线圈到接收线圈高效率的传输功率。这里的嵌套配合方式是指：发射线圈和接收线圈中的一个线圈的至少一部分穿过由另一个线圈所限定的空间的至少一部分，嵌套式的两个线圈不接触，但两个线圈所限定的空间至少部分地相交重叠，两个线圈的中心轴线可以平行，可以垂直，可以是其他任意角度相交。而且，两个线圈的嵌套配合方式可以很容易的推广到多个线圈的互相嵌套配合。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种无线电力传输装置，该无线电力传输装置中的线圈的尺寸小且线圈之间的电磁耦合强度高，并且在一定的活动范围内线圈之间的电磁耦合强度基本恒定。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种无线电力传输装置，包括：第一线圈；和第二线圈，与所述第一线圈电磁耦合且不接触，其中，所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈中的一个线圈的至少一部分穿过由另一个线圈所限定的空间的至少一部分。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述第一线圈限定一个空间，且所述第一线圈的中心轴线穿过该空间；并且所述第二线圈经由所述空间穿过所述第一线圈。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈的中心轴线与所述第二线圈的中心轴线平行。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈的中心轴线与所述第二线圈的中心轴线垂直。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈的中心轴线与所述第二线圈的中心轴线成一夹角。根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述无线电力传输装置还包括：第一磁芯，设置在所述第一线圈的内部或外部， 与所述第一线圈一起构成第一线圈组件；和第二磁芯，设置在所述第二线圈的内部或外部，与所述第二线圈一起构成第二线圈组件，其中，所述第二线圈组件经由所述空间穿过所述第一线圈组件，并且与所述第一线圈组件不接触。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述空间为由所述第一线圈环绕的环形空间。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈的中心轴线与所述第二线圈的中心轴线重合。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯被设置成围绕所述第一线圈的外周面；并且所述第二线圈被设置成围绕所述第二磁芯的外周面。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈能够围绕其中心轴线旋转，并且所述第二线圈能够在沿其中心轴线的方向上移动。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈和所述第二线圈为螺旋线圈绕组，例如，形成在第一和第二磁芯上的第一和第二螺旋线圈绕组。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由软磁性材料制成，例如，铁氧体材料或可塑性铁氧体材料。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料或镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料制成，但本发明并不限于使用这两种铁氧体磁芯，也可以使用其它合适的铁氧体磁芯。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈和所述第一磁芯被形成为中空的圆筒状；并且所述第二线圈被形成为中空的圆筒状，且所述第二磁芯被形成为实心的圆柱状。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由塑性铁氧体材料制成。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈和所述第一磁芯被形成为中空的圆筒状、棱柱状或锥体状；并且所述第二线圈被形成为中空的圆筒状、棱柱状或锥体状，且所述第二磁芯被形成为实心的圆柱 状、棱柱状或锥体状。但，本发明的第一和第二线圈以及第一和第二磁芯均并不限于前面列举的几种形状，也可以采用其它合适的形状。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件和一个第二线圈组件；并且所述一个第二线圈组件经由所述空间穿过多个第一线圈组件，并且与每个所述第一线圈组件不接触。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈包括第一部分和与所述第一部分相对的第二部分；所述空间为所述第一线圈的第一部分与第二部分之间的间隔空间。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯包括：U形的主体部；第一柱状部，连接到U形主体部的开口处的一侧；和第二柱状部，连接到U形主体部的开口处的另一侧。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一线圈的第一部分缠绕在所述第一磁芯的第一柱状部上；并且所述第一线圈的第二部分缠绕在所述第一磁芯的第二柱状部上。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第二磁芯为细长的长方体状，并且所述第二线圈缠绕在所述第二磁芯的外周上。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由软磁性材料制成，例如，铁氧体材料或可塑性铁氧体材料。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料或镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料制成。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由塑性铁氧体材料制成。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯的截面为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、梯形、长方形或正方形。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件和一个第二线圈组件；并且所述一个第二线圈组件经由所述空间穿过多个第一线圈组件，并且与每个所述第一线圈组件不接触。
在根据本发明的各个实施例的无线电力传输装置中，由于发射线圈和接收线圈中的一个线圈穿过另一个线圈，因此，能够提高两个线圈之间的电磁耦合强度，而无需通过增大线圈的尺寸来提高两者之间的耦合强度。
通过下文中参照附图对本发明所作的描述，本发明的其它目的和优点将显而易见，并可帮助对本发明有全面的理解。
附图说明
图1显示现有技术中的电磁耦合装置的示意图；
图2显示根据本发明的第一实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图；
图3显示根据本发明的第二实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图；
图4显示根据本发明的第三实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图；和
图5显示根据本发明的第四实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。在说明书中，相同或相似的附图标号指示相同或相似的部件。下述参照附图对本发明实施方式的说明旨在对本发明的总体发明构思进行解释，而不应当理解为对本发明的一种限制。
另外，在下面的详细描述中，为便于解释，阐述了许多具体的细节以提供对本披露实施例的全面理解。然而明显地，一个或多个实施例在没有这些具体细节的情况下也可以被实施。在其他情况下，公知的结构和装置以图示的方式体现以简化附图。
根据本发明的一个总体构思，提供一种无线电力传输装置，包括：第一线圈11；和第二线圈21，与第一线圈电磁耦合且不接触，其中， 第一线圈11和第二线圈12中的一个线圈的至少一部分穿过由另一个线圈所限定的空间的至少一部分。
第一实施例
图2显示根据本发明的第一实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图。
如图2所示，该无线电力传输装置主要包括第一线圈11和第二线圈21。第二线圈21与第一线圈11电磁耦合且不接触。第一线圈11和第二线圈21中的一个线圈为发射线圈，另一个为接收线圈。
请继续参见图2，第一线圈11为螺旋线圈，其内部限定了一个中空的环形空间，第一线圈11的中心轴线穿过该环形空间，并且第二线圈21经由该环形空间穿过第一线圈11。
在图2所示的实施例中，第二线圈21的中心轴线与第一线圈11的中心轴线重合，也就是说，第二线圈21与第一线圈11具有相同的中心轴线。请注意，本发明不局限于图示的实施例，第一线圈11的中心轴线与第二线圈21的中心轴线也可以不重合或不平行，例如，在另一个实施例中，第一线圈11的中心轴线与第二线圈21的中心轴线可以垂直或成一定的夹角，例如，该夹角可以大于0度且小于90度。优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于30度，更优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于15度，更优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于10度，更优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于5度。
为了提高第一线圈11和第二线圈21之间的电磁耦合，如图2所示，在第一线圈11的外部设置有第一磁芯12，即，第一磁芯12被设置成围绕第一线圈11的外周面。第一线圈11与第一磁芯12一起构成第一线圈组件10。
如图2所示，在第二线圈21的内部设置有第二磁芯22，即，第二线圈21被设置成围绕第二磁芯22的外周面，或者说成第二线圈21缠绕在第二磁芯22上。第二线圈21与第二磁芯22一起构成第二线圈组件20。
如图2所示，第二线圈组件20经由第一线圈11限定的所述环形空间穿过第一线圈组件10，并且与第一线圈组件10不接触。
在图2所示的实施例中，第一线圈11能够围绕其中心轴线旋转，并且第二线圈21能够在沿其中心轴线的方向上移动。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图2所示，第一线圈11和第二线圈21可以为螺旋线圈绕组，例如，形成在第一和第二磁芯上的第一和第二线圈上的螺旋线圈绕组。
在本发明一个实施例中，第一磁芯12和第二磁芯22可以由软磁性材料制成，例如，铁氧体材料或可塑性铁氧体材料。
在本发明一个实施例中，由于发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合度对高效率的电能传输至关重要，为了在小尺寸的线圈之间产生足够的电磁耦合，在本发明的一个实施例中，第一磁芯12和第二磁芯22可以采用常用的铁氧体材料作为材料，例如，锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料或镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料。
但是，由于锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料和镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料具有不能注塑成复杂形状、重量较大的缺点。为了克服锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料和镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料的前述缺点，近年来出现了一种新型的塑性铁氧体材料，其具有较低的初始磁导率(一般为5-20)，质量较轻，而且可以很容易的注塑成各种复杂的形状。因此，在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一磁芯12和第二磁芯22可以由塑性铁氧体材料制成。本文所指的塑性铁氧体材料包括能够通过合法的商业途径从市场获得的任何具有塑性的铁氧体材料。
如图2所示，第一线圈11和第一磁芯12被形成为中空的圆筒状；并且第二线圈21被形成为中空的圆筒状，且第二磁芯22被形成为实心的圆柱状。
但是，本发明不局限于图示的实施例，第一线圈11和第一磁芯12可以被形成为中空的棱柱状、锥体状或其它合适的形状；并且第二线圈21可以被形成为中空的棱柱状、锥体状或其它合适的形状，且第二磁芯22被形成为实心的棱柱状、锥体状或其它合适的形状。
第二实施例
图3显示根据本发明的第二实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图。
图3所示的第二实施例的无线电力传输装置与图1所示的第一实施例的无线电力传输装置的区别在于：图1所示的第一实施例的无线电力传输装置仅包括一个第一线圈组件10，而图3所示的第二实施例的无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件10。
如图3所示，无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件10和一个第二线圈组件20。一个第二线圈组件20经由多个第一线圈组件10中的每个第一线圈11所限定的环形空间穿过多个第一线圈组件10，并且与每个第一线圈组件10不接触。
请注意，在图3所示的实施例中，一个第二线圈组件20的沿其中心轴线的长度较长，以便能够穿过多个第一线圈组件10。
在图3所示的实施例中，多个第一线圈11的中心轴线和一个第二线圈21的中心轴线重合，即，多个第一线圈11和一个第二线圈21具有相同的中心轴线。
第三实施例
图4显示根据本发明的第三实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图。
如图4所示，该无线电力传输装置主要包括第一线圈110和第二线圈210。第二线圈210与第一线圈110电磁耦合且不接触。第一线圈110和第二线圈210中的一个线圈为发射线圈，另一个为接收线圈。
请继续参见图4，第一线圈110包括第一部分111和与第一部分111相对的第二部分112。第一线圈110的第一部分111与第二部分112相互间隔开，但是，请注意，第一线圈110的第一部分111和第二部分112是由同一条电线盘绕成的。
如图4所示，在第一线圈110的第一部分111与第二部分112之 间限定了一个间隔空间。第一线圈110的中心轴线穿过该间隔空间，并且第二线圈210经由该间隔空间从第一线圈110的第一部分111和第二部分112之间穿过。
在图4所示的实施例中，第二线圈210的中心轴线与第一线圈110的中心轴线相互平行，但不必相互重合。请注意，本发明不局限于图示的实施例，第一线圈110的中心轴线与第二线圈210的中心轴线也可以垂直或成一夹角，例如，该夹角可以大于0度且小于90度。优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于30度，更优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于15度，更优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于10度，更优选地，该夹角可以大于0度且小于5度。
为了提高第一线圈110和第二线圈210之间的电磁耦合，如图4所示，为第一线圈110提供了第一磁芯120，为第二线圈210提供了第二磁芯220。
如图4所示，在图示的实施例中，第一磁芯120包括：U形的主体部123；第一柱状部121，连接到U形主体部123的开口处的一侧(图中的上侧)；和第二柱状部122，连接到U形主体部123的开口处的另一侧(图中的下侧)。第一线圈110的第一部分111缠绕在第一磁芯120的第一柱状部121上，并且第一线圈110的第二部分112缠绕在第一磁芯120的第二柱状部122上。这样，第一线圈110与第一磁芯120一起构成一个第一线圈组件100。
请继续参见图4，第二磁芯220为细长的长方体状，并且第二线圈210缠绕在第二磁芯220的外周上。这样，第二线圈210与第二磁芯220一起构成第二线圈组件200。
如图4所示，第二线圈组件200经由第一线圈110的第一部分111和第二部分112之间的间隔空间穿过第一线圈组件100，并且与第一线圈组件100不接触。
在本发明一个实施例中，第一磁芯120和第二磁芯220可以由软磁性材料制成，例如，铁氧体材料或可塑性铁氧体材料。
在本发明一个实施例中，由于发射线圈与接收线圈之间的耦合度 对高效率的电能传输至关重要，为了在小尺寸的线圈之间产生足够的电磁耦合，在本发明的一个实施例中，第一磁芯120和第二磁芯220可以采用常用的铁氧体材料作为材料，例如，锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料或镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料。
但是，由于锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料和镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料具有不能注塑成复杂形状、重量较大的缺点。为了克服锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料和镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料的前述缺点，近年来出现了一种新型的塑性铁氧体材料，其具有较低的初始磁导率(一般为5-20)，质量较轻，而且可以很容易的注塑成各种复杂的形状。因此，在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一磁芯120和第二磁芯220可以由塑性铁氧体材料制成。本文所指的塑性铁氧体材料包括能够通过合法的商业途径从市场获得的任何具有塑性的铁氧体材料。
在图4所示的实施例中，第一磁芯120和第二磁芯220的截面为大致的长方形，但是，本发明不局限于图示的实施例，在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一磁芯120和第二磁芯22的截面可以为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、梯形、正方形或其它合适的形状。
第四实施例
图5显示根据本发明的第四实施例的无线电力传输装置的示意图。
图5所示的第四实施例的无线电力传输装置与图4所示的第三实施例的无线电力传输装置的区别在于：图4所示的第三实施例的无线电力传输装置仅包括一个第一线圈组件100，而图5所示的第四实施例的无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件100。
如图5所示，无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件100和一个第二线圈组件200。一个第二线圈组件200经由多个第一线圈组件100中的每个第一线圈110的第一部分111和第二部分112之间的间隔空间穿过多个第一线圈组件100，并且与每个第一线圈组件100不接触。
请注意，在图5所示的实施例中，一个第二线圈组件200在垂直于其中心轴线的方向上的长度较长，以便能够穿过多个第一线圈组件100。
在图5所示的实施例中，多个第一线圈110的中心轴线和一个第二线圈210的中心轴线位于同一个平面内。
本领域的技术人员可以理解，上面所描述的实施例都是示例性的，并且本领域的技术人员可以对其进行改进，各种实施例中所描述的结构在不发生结构或者原理方面的冲突的情况下可以进行自由组合。
虽然结合附图对本发明进行了说明，但是附图中公开的实施例旨在对本发明优选实施方式进行示例性说明，而不能理解为对本发明的一种限制。
虽然本总体发明构思的一些实施例已被显示和说明，本领域普通技术人员将理解，在不背离本总体发明构思的原则和精神的情况下，可对这些实施例做出改变，本发明的范围以权利要求和它们的等同物限定。
应注意，措词“包括”不排除其它元件或步骤，措词“一”或“一个”不排除多个。另外，权利要求的任何元件标号不应理解为限制本发明的范围。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种无线电力传输装置，包括：
    第一线圈(11)；和
    第二线圈(21)，与所述第一线圈电磁耦合且不接触，
    其特征在于：
    所述第一线圈(11)和所述第二线圈(21)中的一个线圈的至少一部分穿过由另一个线圈所限定的空间的至少一部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线电力传输装置，
    所述第一线圈(11)限定一个空间，且所述第一线圈(11)的中心轴线穿过该空间；并且
    所述第二线圈(21)经由所述空间穿过所述第一线圈(11)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无线电力传输装置，
    所述第一线圈(11)的中心轴线与所述第二线圈(21)的中心轴线平行。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的无线电力传输装置，
    所述第一线圈(11)的中心轴线与所述第二线圈(21)的中心轴线垂直。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的无线电力传输装置，
    所述第一线圈(11)的中心轴线与所述第二线圈(21)的中心轴线成一夹角。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的无线电力传输装置，还包括：
    第一磁芯(12)，设置在所述第一线圈(11)的内部或外部，与所述第一线圈(11)一起构成第一线圈组件(10)；和
    第二磁芯(22)，设置在所述第二线圈(21)的内部或外部，与所述第二线圈(21)一起构成第二线圈组件(20)，
    其中，所述第二线圈组件(20)经由所述空间穿过所述第一线圈组件(10)，并且与所述第一线圈组件(10)不接触。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：所述空间为由所述第一线圈(11)环绕的环形空间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一线圈(11)的中心轴线与所述第二线圈(21)的中心轴线重合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一磁芯(12)被设置成围绕所述第一线圈(11)的外周面；并且
    所述第二线圈(21)被设置成围绕所述第二磁芯(22)的外周面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一线圈(11)能够围绕其中心轴线旋转，并且所述第二线圈(21)能够在沿其中心轴线的方向上移动。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一线圈(11)和所述第二线圈(21)为形成在第一磁芯(12)和第二磁芯(22)上的螺旋线圈绕组。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由软磁性材料制成。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于： 所述第一磁芯和所述第二磁芯由铁氧体材料或可塑性铁氧体材料制成。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一磁芯(12)和所述第二磁芯(22)由锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料或镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料制成。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一线圈(11)和所述第一磁芯(12)被形成为中空的圆筒状、棱柱状或锥体状；并且
    所述第二线圈(21)被形成为中空的圆筒状、棱柱状或锥体状，且所述第二磁芯(22)被形成为实心的圆柱状、棱柱状或锥体状。
  16. 根据权利要求7-15中任一项所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件(10)和一个第二线圈组件(20)；并且
    所述一个第二线圈组件(20)经由所述空间穿过多个第一线圈组件(10)，并且与每个所述第一线圈组件(10)不接触。
  17. 根据权利要求6所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一线圈(110)包括第一部分(111)和与所述第一部分(111)相对的第二部分(112)；
    所述空间为所述第一线圈(110)的第一部分(111)与第二部分(112)之间的间隔空间。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于，所述第一磁芯(120)包括：
    U形的主体部(123)；
    第一柱状部(121)，连接到U形主体部(123)的开口处的一侧；和
    第二柱状部(122)，连接到U形主体部(123)的开口处的另一侧。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一线圈(110)的第一部分(111)缠绕在所述第一磁芯(120)的第一柱状部(121)上；并且
    所述第一线圈(110)的第二部分(112)缠绕在所述第一磁芯(120)的第二柱状部(122)上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二磁芯(220)为细长的长方体状，并且所述第二线圈(210)缠绕在所述第二磁芯(220)的外周上。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：所述第一磁芯(120)和所述第二磁芯(220)由软磁性材料制成。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：所述第一磁芯(120)和所述第二磁芯(220)由铁氧体材料或可塑性铁氧体材料制成。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一磁芯(120)和所述第二磁芯(220)由锰锌氧化物铁氧体材料或镍锌氧化物铁氧体材料制成。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一磁芯(120)和所述第二磁芯(22)的截面为圆形、椭圆形、三角形、梯形、长方形或正方形。
  25. 根据权利要求17-24中的任一项所述的无线电力传输装置，其特征在于：
    所述无线电力传输装置包括多个第一线圈组件(100)和一个第二线圈组件(200)；并且
    所述一个第二线圈组件(200)经由所述空间穿过多个第一线圈组件(100)，并且与每个所述第一线圈组件(100)不接触。
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