WO2015180064A1 - 多赫蒂功率放大器和发射机 - Google Patents

多赫蒂功率放大器和发射机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015180064A1
WO2015180064A1 PCT/CN2014/078630 CN2014078630W WO2015180064A1 WO 2015180064 A1 WO2015180064 A1 WO 2015180064A1 CN 2014078630 W CN2014078630 W CN 2014078630W WO 2015180064 A1 WO2015180064 A1 WO 2015180064A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power amplifier
branch
auxiliary power
main power
auxiliary
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/078630
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏永革
杨磊
王昆
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2014/078630 priority Critical patent/WO2015180064A1/zh
Priority to CN201480028959.4A priority patent/CN105308857B/zh
Priority to EP14893487.0A priority patent/EP3145078B1/en
Publication of WO2015180064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015180064A1/zh
Priority to US15/362,502 priority patent/US10084413B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0288Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/189High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/21Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/211Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/20Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F3/24Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
    • H03F3/245Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages with semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/411Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the output amplifying stage of an amplifier comprising two power stages
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2203/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
    • H03F2203/20Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F2203/211Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21103An impedance adaptation circuit being added at the input of a power amplifier stage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2203/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
    • H03F2203/20Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F2203/211Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21106An input signal being distributed in parallel over the inputs of a plurality of power amplifiers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2203/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F3/00
    • H03F2203/20Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F2203/211Indexing scheme relating to power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
    • H03F2203/21142Output signals of a plurality of power amplifiers are parallel combined to a common output

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a Doherty power amplifier and transmitter. Background technique
  • a radio frequency power amplifier and a microwave power amplifier are used to amplify the radio frequency modulation signal and the microwave modulation signal.
  • many types of modulated signals carry both phase and amplitude information.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Traditional Class AB linear power amplifiers have high efficiency only at peak output power.
  • Non-constant envelope signals with peak-to-average ratios are inefficient at average power.
  • a Doherty power amplifier can contain more than two power amplifiers.
  • One power amplifier is a main power amplifier (Main Amplifier), also called a carrier power amplifier (Carrier Amplifier), biased in class AB operation, and one or more auxiliary
  • the Auxiliary Amplifier also known as the Peak Amplifier, is biased in Class B or Class C operation.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier does not amplify the signal when the input signal is less than the set threshold.
  • the main power amplifier Due to the function of the Doherty combined network, the main power amplifier has a high impedance state when the auxiliary power amplifier does not amplify, thus the main power The amplifier can be saturated at a lower output power, improving efficiency at low output power.
  • the output of the auxiliary power amplifier increases as the input increases above the set threshold, and the active power is pulled to the main power amplifier.
  • the output impedance of the main power amplifier decreases as the input power increases, and the power output decreases.
  • the operating state of the main power amplifier is always saturated until the main power amplifier and the auxiliary power amplifier finally reach the saturated output at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire power amplifier in the back-off power.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a Doherty power amplifier and transmitter that can prevent the auxiliary power amplifier from generating active load pull before the main power amplifier reaches saturation, thereby improving the efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • a Doherty power amplifier comprising: a first amplifying circuit comprising a main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, wherein the main power amplifier branch comprises a first main power amplifier, at least one auxiliary power amplifier Each auxiliary power amplifier branch in the branch includes a multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, the main power amplifier branch is used to output an amplified signal to the output end of the main power amplifier branch, and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to be in the first main power amplifier When the output power reaches the first threshold, the amplified signal is output to the output end of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch; the delay device is connected in the main power amplifier branch to compensate the time between the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch a delay network; a combined network for impedance transformation of the first amplifying circuit, and coupling the output of the main power amplifier branch to the output of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch; the first power splitter, connecting the main power amplifier An input of
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: a second amplifying circuit, including a second main power amplifier branch and a second auxiliary power amplifier branch connected in parallel, and the second main power amplifier branch includes a second The main power amplifier, the second auxiliary power amplifier branch includes at least one second auxiliary power amplifier, wherein the main power amplifier branch is configured to output an amplified signal to the output end of the second amplifying circuit to drive the first main power amplifier, the second auxiliary The power amplifier branch is arranged to output an amplified signal to the output end of the second amplifying circuit when the output power of the second main power amplifier reaches the second threshold; the second power splitter is connected to the input end of the second main power amplifier branch and the second An input end of the auxiliary power amplifier branch for distributing an input signal of the Doherty power amplifier to the second main power amplifier branch and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch; wherein the first power splitter is coupled to the first amplifying circuit and the first Between the two amplifying circuits, the amplified signal outputted
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: a first impedance transforming component and a second impedance transforming component, for The circuit performs impedance transformation, wherein the first impedance transforming element is connected in series with the second main power amplifier, and the second impedance transforming component is connected between the first power splitter and the first impedance transforming component.
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: a first impedance transforming component, wherein the first impedance transforming component is connected in series with the second main power amplifier, wherein a power divider includes a second impedance transforming component and a coupled transmission line, the second impedance transforming component being coupled between the output of the second amplifying circuit and the input of the main power amplifier branch for impedance transforming the second amplifying circuit, One end of the coupled transmission line is connected to the input end of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, and the other end of the coupled transmission line is grounded, and the first impedance transforming element and the second impedance transforming element are used for impedance transforming the second amplifying circuit.
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: at least one second phase compensation transmission line, disposed on the second main power amplifier In the road and/or the second auxiliary power amplifier branch, the phase difference between the second main power amplifier branch and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch is adjusted.
  • At least one of the second auxiliary power amplifiers is biased in class B or C, and the second main power amplifier is biased. Placed in the AB class.
  • the first power splitter is a coupler.
  • the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes: an auxiliary power amplifier branch, and an auxiliary power amplifier branch A multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier is connected in series between the input of the auxiliary power amplifier branch and the output of the auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: a third power splitter, at least one auxiliary power amplifier
  • the circuit includes: a plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches, wherein an input of the third power splitter is coupled to an input of the first main power amplifier through a first power splitter, and a third power splitter is configured to output the first power splitter The signal is distributed to multiple auxiliary power amplifier branches.
  • the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes: a third power splitter, a first level auxiliary a power amplifier and a plurality of second stage auxiliary power amplifiers, wherein the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier is coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier through the first power splitter, the third power The input of the splitter is coupled to the output of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier, and the third power splitter is for distributing the amplified signal output by the first stage auxiliary power amplifier to the plurality of second stage auxiliary power amplifiers.
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: at least one first phase compensation transmission line, disposed in the main The power amplifier branch and/or one auxiliary power amplifier branch are used to adjust the phase difference between the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier is biased in class B or C, the first main power The amplifier is biased in class AB.
  • the combining network comprises: at least one impedance transformer, and the delay device is a delay line.
  • a Doherty power amplifier comprising: a first amplifying circuit comprising a main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, wherein the main power amplifier branch comprises a first main power amplifier, at least one auxiliary power amplifier Each auxiliary power amplifier branch in the branch includes a multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, the main power amplifier branch is used to output an amplified signal to the output end of the main power amplifier branch, and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to be in the first main power amplifier When the output power reaches the first threshold, the amplified signal is output to the output end of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch; the combined network is used for impedance transformation of the first amplifying circuit, and the output end of the main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier The output end of the branch is coupled to the load; the second amplifying circuit includes a second main power amplifier branch and a second auxiliary power amplifier branch connected in parallel, and the second main power amplifier branch includes a second main power amplifier, and the
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: a first impedance transforming component and a second impedance transforming component, configured to perform impedance transform on the second amplifying circuit, wherein the first impedance transforming component is connected in series with the second main power amplifier, and the second impedance transform The component is coupled between the first power splitter and the first impedance transforming component.
  • the Doherty power amplifier further includes: a first impedance transforming component, wherein the first impedance transforming component is connected in series with the second main power amplifier Connecting, wherein the first power splitter includes a second impedance transforming component and a coupled transmission line, and the second impedance transforming component is coupled between the output of the second amplifying circuit and the input of the main power amplifier branch for the second amplifying circuit Impedance conversion is performed, one end of the coupled transmission line is connected to the input end of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, and the other end of the coupled transmission line is grounded, and the first impedance transforming element and the second impedance transforming element are used for impedance transforming the second amplifying circuit.
  • At least one of the second auxiliary power amplifiers is biased in class B or C, and the second main power amplifier is biased. Placed in the AB class.
  • the first power splitter is a coupler.
  • the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier is biased in the class B or C, the first main power amplifier Offset in class AB.
  • a third aspect provides a transmitter, including: a signal processor, configured to process a signal to be transmitted; a signal amplifier, the signal amplifier being the Doherty power amplifier of the first aspect or the second aspect, for amplifying a signal processed by a signal processor; a signal transmitter for transmitting a signal amplified by the signal amplification module.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier is closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold and brings the main power amplifier closer to saturation at the set threshold, thereby increasing the efficiency of the main power amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a delay device in the main power amplifier branch, which compensates the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch, and reduces the broadband performance of the group delay difference to the Doherty power amplifier. The adverse effects.
  • Figure 1A shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1B shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1C shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1D shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a transmitter in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the amplifier can be cascaded before the auxiliary power amplifier of the Doherty power amplifier, that is, the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier is used.
  • the driver amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier is also biased in class C or close to class C, making the output gain characteristic of the auxiliary power amplifier steeper, so that the auxiliary power amplifier is closer to the ideal shutdown at the set threshold, and the main power amplifier is set. The threshold is closer to saturation.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier of this Doherty power amplifier The circuit includes a multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, and each stage of the auxiliary power amplifier generates a corresponding group delay.
  • the group delay refers to the time delay generated by the system or the network as a whole when the signal propagates through the linear system or propagates through the network. Since there is a group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch, therefore,
  • the broadband performance of Doherty power amplifiers has an adverse effect.
  • Embodiments of the present invention propose a Doherty power amplifier and transmitter that can reduce the adverse effects of group delay on the wideband performance of a Doherty power amplifier while increasing the efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • FIG. 1A shows a block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 100 includes a first amplifying circuit 110, a first power splitter 130, a combining network 140, and a delay device 384.
  • the first amplifying circuit 110 includes a main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, wherein the main power amplifier branch includes a first main power amplifier 111, and each of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes a multi-stage auxiliary The power amplifiers 112 and 113, the main power amplifier branch is configured to output an amplified signal to the output end of the main power amplifier branch, and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to at least one when the output power of the first main power amplifier 111 reaches the first threshold The output of the auxiliary power amplifier branch outputs an amplified signal.
  • the main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch are connected in parallel.
  • One of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch has an active load pulling action on the main power amplifier branch, for example, when the output power of the first main power amplifier 111 reaches the first threshold, the auxiliary power amplifier branch Outputting the amplified signal, the output impedance of the first main power amplifier 111 decreases as the input power increases, and the output power of the first main power amplifier 111 increases as the input power increases, so that the operating state of the first main power amplifier 111 is always saturated. Until the first main power amplifier 111 and the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier branch finally reach the saturated output at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire power amplifier when the power is turned back.
  • the delay device 384 is connected in the main power amplifier branch.
  • the delay device 384 is connected in series with the first main power amplifier 111 for compensating for the delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the combining network 140 is configured to perform impedance transformation on the first amplifying circuit 110, and couple the output end of the main power amplifier branch and the output end of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch to the load 160 to implement the auxiliary power amplifier branch to the main power amplifier branch. Active load traction of the road.
  • a first power splitter 130 connected to the input end of the main power amplifier branch and the input end of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, for distributing the input signal of the first power splitter 130 to the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch road.
  • the delay device may be a device that delays an electrical signal for a certain time in the circuit and then outputs it.
  • the delay device can be composed of inductors and capacitors or directly with coaxial cables and spirals; for digital signals, delay devices can also use charge-coupled devices or surface acoustic wave devices.
  • the delay device can provide group delay.
  • each stage of the auxiliary power amplifier produces a corresponding group delay (e.g., 2 ns) due to the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier being provided in the auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch has an adverse effect on the power amplifier broadband performance.
  • the phase of the center frequency of the two branches can be aligned by adjusting the phase compensation line in the main power amplifier branch or the auxiliary power amplifier branch, however, from the center frequency point, at other frequency points, the phases of the two branches The difference will be bigger and bigger.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a delay device in the main power amplifier branch to compensate for the group delay difference of the two branches.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier is closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold and the main power amplifier is closer to saturation at the set threshold, thereby increasing the efficiency of the main power amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a delay device in the main power amplifier branch, which compensates the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch, and reduces the broadband performance of the group delay difference to the Doherty power amplifier. The adverse effects.
  • the first power splitter 130 is a coupler.
  • the first power splitter 130 can take the form of a plurality of splitters such as a Wilkinson splitter, a hybrid bridge, a ring bridge or a directional coupler.
  • the Doherty power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include: at least one first phase compensation transmission line disposed in the main power amplifier branch and/or the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch for adjusting the main power amplifier branch and at least The phase difference between the auxiliary amplifier branches.
  • the main power amplifier branch and/or the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch may also be A phase compensation transmission line (also called an Offset transmission line) is provided in the road.
  • the phase compensation transmission line may be disposed in the main power amplifier branch or in the auxiliary power amplifier branch, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier is biased in class B or C, and the first main power amplifier is biased in class AB.
  • the working state of the power amplifier can be generally classified into Class A (also called Class I), Class B (also called Class B), Class C (Class C), and Class AB (also known as Class B), among which A Class power amplifiers are linear power amplifiers; Class B power amplifiers are also linear power amplifiers, but differ in operation principle from Class A power amplifiers; Class AB power amplifiers are between Class A and Class B power amplifiers, taking into account both Advantages; Class C power amplifiers are non-linear power amplifiers.
  • Class A also called Class I
  • Class B also called Class B
  • Class C Class C
  • Class AB also known as Class B
  • Class A Class power amplifiers are linear power amplifiers
  • Class B power amplifiers are also linear power amplifiers, but differ in operation principle from Class A power amplifiers
  • Class AB power amplifiers are between Class A and Class B power amplifiers, taking into account both Advantages
  • Class C power amplifiers are non-linear power amplifiers.
  • the combined network comprises at least one impedance transformer.
  • the combined network can be an Impedance Inverter Network (INN).
  • the impedance transformer can be a 1/4 wavelength transmission line.
  • the impedance transformer may be disposed in the main power amplifier branch, for example, at the output end of the first main power amplifier, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
  • the 1/4 wavelength transmission line may be set.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also implement a combined network by using a hybrid bridge capable of active traction. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the form of the combined network.
  • the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch comprises: an auxiliary power amplifier branch, a multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier branch (for example, the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 112 and the second stage auxiliary power amplifier) 113) It can be connected in series between the input of the auxiliary amplifier branch and the output of the auxiliary amplifier branch.
  • FIG. 1A is an example of two-stage auxiliary power amplifiers 112 and 113.
  • the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch may include a plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches, and each auxiliary power amplifier The branch can include a multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier.
  • Figs. 1B to 1D A Doherty power amplifier including a plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches will be described below with reference to Figs. 1B to 1D.
  • the embodiment of Figs. 1B to 1D is the example of Fig. 1A, and the detailed description is omitted as appropriate.
  • FIG. 1B shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first power splitter 130 may include N outputs, one of which is connected to the main power amplifier branch, and the N-1 output is connected to the auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • a phase compensation transmission line can also be disposed in a maximum of N-1 branches among the N branches ( Also known as the Offset transmission line).
  • Offset 134 is provided at the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 112, and Offset 135 is set at the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 113.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier branch reduces the Offset transmission line and the main power amplifier branch to increase the Offset transmission line. Therefore, for the N-way Doherty power amplifier, setting the Offset transmission line on the N-1 branches can adjust the phase of all the branches. In agreement.
  • the Offset transmission line compensates for no more than one carrier cycle. Therefore, instead of setting the offset transmission line on the auxiliary power amplifier branch, the delay line length is slightly increased or decreased. In this way, the Offset transmission line can be used as part of the transmission line while achieving wiring and phase compensation without the need to set up explicit physical components.
  • the delay device can also be implemented using a filter network. Since the filter network cannot adjust the phase shift at will, it can be adjusted by increasing the Offset transmission line.
  • an Offset transmission line may be disposed at an output end of the power amplifier, and the Offset transmission line functions to compensate a phase shift of a matching network of the power amplifier power tube and a parasitic parameter of the package, so that the pure resistive load of the combined network port is changed to The inside of the power tube is still a purely resistive load.
  • Offset 136 is provided at the output of the main power amplifier 111, and Offset 137 and Offset 138 are set at the output of the auxiliary power amplifier 113 of the plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches.
  • FIG. 1C shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier of FIG. 1C further includes: a third power splitter 133, wherein the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes a plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches, wherein an input end of the third power splitter 133 passes through the first power splitter 130 and An input of a main power amplifier 111 is coupled, and a third power divider 133 is used to distribute the signal output by the first power splitter 130 to a plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches.
  • phase compensation line also called Offset
  • Offset 134 to Offset 138 of Figure 1C are similar to Offset 134 to Offset 138 of Figure 1B and are not recited herein.
  • the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes: a third power divider 133, a first stage auxiliary power amplifier 112, and a plurality of second stage auxiliary power amplifiers 113, the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 112
  • the input is coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 111 via a first power splitter 130
  • the input of the third power splitter 133 is coupled to the output of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 112, the third power splitter
  • the 133 is for distributing the amplified signal output by the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 112 to the plurality of second stage auxiliary power amplifiers 113.
  • phase compensation line (also called Offset) is set in the N-1 branches (not shown in Fig. 1D).
  • the Doherty power amplifier 200 of Figure 2 is an example of the embodiment of Figure 1A.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 200 includes a first amplifying circuit 110, a second amplifying circuit 120 and a first power splitter 130, a combining network 140 and a second power splitter 150, and a delay device 384.
  • the first amplifying circuit 110 is also referred to as a final amplifying circuit
  • the second amplifying circuit 120 is also referred to as a driver stage amplifying circuit.
  • the first amplifying circuit 110 includes a main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, wherein the main power amplifier branch includes a first main power amplifier 111, and each of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes a multi-stage auxiliary The power amplifier, the main power amplifier branch is configured to output an amplified signal to the output end of the main power amplifier branch, and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to be at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch when the output power of the first main power amplifier 111 reaches the first threshold The output of the circuit outputs an amplified signal.
  • the delay device 384 is coupled in the main power amplifier branch.
  • the delay device 384 is coupled in series with the first main power amplifier 112 for compensating for the delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the combining network 140 is operative to impedance transform the first amplifying circuit 110 and couple the output of the main power amplifier branch to the output of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch to the load 160.
  • the combining network 140 may include an impedance transforming element, such as a 1/4 wavelength line.
  • the second amplifying circuit 120 includes a second main power amplifier branch and a second auxiliary power amplifier branch connected in parallel, the second main power amplifier branch includes a second main power amplifier 121, and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch includes at least one second The auxiliary power amplifier 122, wherein the second main power amplifier branch is configured to output an amplified signal to the output end of the second amplifying circuit 120 to drive the first main power amplifier 111, and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to be in the second main power amplifier When the output power of 121 reaches the second threshold, an amplified signal is output to the output end of the second amplifying circuit 120.
  • the second main power amplifier 121 is for driving the first main power amplifier 111
  • the second auxiliary power amplifier 122 is for active load pulling of the second main power amplifier 121.
  • the design of the auxiliary power amplifier branch should use this back-off power point as the turn-on point, that is, the first threshold can be based on the power of the turn-on point. It is determined, for example, that the power of the turn-on point can be taken as the first threshold.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier branch has a turn-on characteristic that is jointly determined by the bias conditions of the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the first power splitter 130 is coupled between the first amplifying circuit 110 and the second amplifying circuit 120 for distributing the amplified signal output by the second amplifying circuit 120 to the input end of the main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch Input.
  • the second power splitter 150 is connected to the input end of the second main power amplifier branch and the input end of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch for distributing the input signal of the Doherty power amplifier to the second main power amplifier branch and the second auxiliary a power amplifier branch, wherein the first power splitter 130 is coupled between the first amplifying circuit 110 and the second amplifying circuit 120, and configured to distribute the amplified signal output by the second amplifying circuit 120 to at least one of the main power amplifier branches Auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the first power splitter 130 can also be in the form of a plurality of splitters such as a Wilkinson splitter, a hybrid bridge, a ring bridge or a directional coupler.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier can be brought closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold by the cascaded multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, and the main power amplifier is closer to the set threshold. Saturated, which increases the efficiency of the main power amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a delay device in the main power amplifier branch, which compensates the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch, and reduces the broadband performance of the group delay difference to the Doherty power amplifier. The adverse effects.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier connected in parallel with the driving amplifier of the main power amplifier has an active load pulling effect on the driving amplifier, so that the efficiency of the driving amplifier in returning power is close to the saturation efficiency, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • the auxiliary branch of the embodiment of the present invention uses a multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, the gain of the auxiliary branch is high.
  • the first power splitter can be implemented in the form of mutually coupled transmission lines. Since the embodiment of the present invention can use a coupler with a lower coupling coefficient, a coupled transmission line can be used instead of the conventional splitter, so that the coupler is relatively easy to implement and the influence on the transmission line impedance can be neglected.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier usually uses Class C power amplification The input standing wave of the Class C power amplifier varies with the input power, so the Doherty amplifier input generally needs to add an isolator.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can replace the traditional splitter with a coupler with a low coupling coefficient, and the influence of the standing wave of the auxiliary power amplifier branch is small, so the isolator can be eliminated and the material cost can be reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 300 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 300 of Figure 3 is an example of the Doherty power amplifier 200 of Figure 2. Detailed descriptions are omitted as appropriate herein.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 300 of FIG. 3 includes a first amplifying circuit 210, a second amplifying circuit 120 and a first power splitter 230, a combining network 240 and a second power splitter 150, and a delay device 384.
  • the first amplifying circuit 210 includes a first main power amplifier 211, a first stage auxiliary power amplifier 212, and a second stage auxiliary power amplifier 213.
  • the combining network 240 includes: a sixth impedance transforming element 241 and a seventh impedance transforming component 242.
  • the first power splitter 230 can be a coupler.
  • the impedance transforming element can be an impedance transformer.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 300 further includes: at least one first phase compensation transmission line 280 disposed in the main power amplifier branch and/or the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch for adjusting between the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch Phase difference; at least one second phase compensation transmission line 281 is disposed in the second main power amplifier branch and/or the second auxiliary power amplifier branch for adjusting between the second main power amplifier branch and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch a phase difference; a first impedance transforming component 282 and a second impedance transforming component 283 for performing impedance transform on the second amplifying circuit 120, wherein the first impedance transforming component 282 is connected in series with the second main power amplifier 121, and the second impedance transform Element 283 is coupled between first power splitter 230 and first impedance transforming element 282.
  • the first output of the second power splitter 150 is coupled to the input of the second main power amplifier 121.
  • the second output of the second power splitter 150 is coupled to the first end of the second phase compensation transmission line 281.
  • An output of the second main power amplifier 121 is coupled to the first end of the first impedance converting element 282.
  • the second end of the first impedance transforming element 282 is coupled to the first end of the second impedance converting element 283.
  • the second end of the second phase compensation transmission line 281 is coupled to the input of the second auxiliary power amplifier 122.
  • the output of the second auxiliary power amplifier 122 is coupled to the first end of the second impedance converting element 283, and the second end of the second impedance converting element 283 is coupled to the input of the coupler 230.
  • the first impedance transforming element 282 and the second impedance transforming component 283 may be 1/4 wavelength lines.
  • the second phase compensation transmission line 281 may also be disposed on the main power amplifier branch.
  • the second phase compensation transmission line 281 is for compensating the 90° phase of the first impedance transforming element 282 Poor, if the first auxiliary power amplifier 121 and the second auxiliary power amplifier 122 are different, the second phase compensation transmission line 281 can also compensate for the phase difference between the two.
  • the through end of the coupler 230 is coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 211.
  • the coupling end of the coupler 230 is coupled to the first end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280, and the isolated end of the coupler 230 is coupled to ground via the impedance 270.
  • the second end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280 is coupled to the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 212.
  • An output of the first main power amplifier 211 is coupled to a first end of the sixth impedance converting element 241.
  • the second end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280 is coupled to the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 212, and the output of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 212 is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 213.
  • the output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 213 is connected to the second end of the sixth impedance converting element 241, and is connected to the first end of the seventh impedance converting element 242, and the second end of the seventh impedance converting element 242 is connected to the load 160. .
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier can be brought closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold by the cascaded multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, and the main power amplifier is closer to the set threshold. Saturated, thereby improving the efficiency of the main power amplifier, and driving the amplifier with an active load through an auxiliary power amplifier in parallel with the drive amplifier of the main power amplifier, so that the efficiency of the drive amplifier in returning power is close to The saturation efficiency, which increases the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the invention also provides a delay device in the main power amplifier branch, which compensates the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch, and reduces the broadband performance of the group delay difference to the Doherty power amplifier. The adverse effects.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a delay device for compensating the group delay in the main power amplifier branch, thereby reducing or avoiding the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch to the power amplifier broadband performance. The adverse effects.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 400 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 400 of Fig. 4 is an example of the Doherty power amplifier 100 of Fig. 3, and a detailed description is omitted as appropriate.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 400 includes: a first amplifying circuit 210, a second amplifying circuit 120, a first power splitter 430, a combining network 240, a second power splitter 150, a first phase compensation transmission line 280, and a second phase compensation transmission line 281. And a first impedance transforming component 282 and a delaying device 384. Except for the first power splitter 430, the above circuit elements are similar to the Doherty power amplifier 300 of FIG. 3 and will not be described again.
  • the first power splitter 430 can A second impedance transforming element 283 and a second transmission line 432 are included.
  • the first end of the second impedance transforming component 283 is coupled to the second end of the first impedance transforming component 282, the second end of the second impedance transforming component 283 is coupled to the input of the first power amplifier 211, and the second transmitting line 432 is One end is connected to the first end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280, and the second end of the second transmission line 432 is grounded through the impedance 270.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier can be brought closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold by the cascaded multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, and the main power amplifier is closer to the set threshold. Saturated, thereby improving the efficiency of the main power amplifier, and driving the amplifier with an active load through an auxiliary power amplifier in parallel with the drive amplifier of the main power amplifier, so that the efficiency of the drive amplifier in returning power is close to The saturation efficiency, which increases the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the invention also provides a delay device in the main power amplifier branch, which compensates the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch, and reduces the broadband performance of the group delay difference to the Doherty power amplifier. The adverse effects.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a delay device for compensating the group delay in the main power amplifier branch, thereby reducing or avoiding the group delay difference between the main power amplifier branch and the auxiliary power amplifier branch to the power amplifier broadband performance. The adverse effects.
  • the coupler function can be realized directly by the impedance transforming element at the output of the first amplifying circuit, the material cost and the area of the circuit topology are reduced.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 500 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 500 of Fig. 5 is an example of the Doherty power amplifier 100 of Fig. 3, and a detailed description is omitted as appropriate.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 500 includes: a first amplifying circuit 510, a second amplifying circuit 120, a first power splitter 430, a combining network 540, a second power splitter 150, a first phase compensation transmission line 280, and a second phase compensation transmission line 281. And a first impedance transforming component 282 and a delaying device 384.
  • the corresponding circuit components are similar and will not be described here.
  • the first power splitter 430 can include a second impedance transforming component 283 and a second transmission line 432.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 500 also includes: a third power splitter 512. At least one auxiliary work
  • the discharge branch includes: a plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches, wherein an input of the third power splitter 512 is coupled to an input of the first main power amplifier 511 through a first power splitter 430, and the third power splitter 512 is configured to The signals distributed by the first power splitter 430 to the plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches are distributed to the plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches.
  • the embodiment of Figure 5 illustrates two auxiliary power amplifier branches as an example.
  • the first auxiliary power amplifier branch includes a phase compensation transmission line 513, a first stage auxiliary power amplifier 514 and a second stage auxiliary power amplifier 515;
  • the second auxiliary power amplifier branch includes a phase compensation transmission line 516, a first stage auxiliary power amplifier 517 and a second Stage auxiliary power amplifier 518.
  • the combining network 540 includes: a sixth impedance transforming element 541, a seventh impedance transforming component 542, and a third impedance transforming component 543.
  • the first end of the sixth impedance transforming component 541 is connected to the output end of the main power amplifier branch, the second end of the sixth impedance transforming component 541 is connected to the output end of the first auxiliary amplifying branch; the first end of the seventh impedance transforming component 542 Connected to the output end of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch, the second end of the seventh impedance transforming component 542 is connected to the load;
  • the third impedance transforming component 543 is connected to the output of the first auxiliary power amplifier branch and the output of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch Between the ends.
  • the first end of the second impedance transforming element 283 is coupled to the second end of the first impedance converting component 282, and the second end of the second impedance converting component 283 is coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 511.
  • the first end of the second transmission line 432 is coupled to the input of the third power splitter 512, and the second end of the second transmission line 432 is grounded via the impedance 270.
  • An output of the first main power amplifier 511 is coupled to a first end of the sixth impedance converting element 541.
  • the first output of the third power splitter 512 is coupled to the first end of the phase compensation transmission line 513, and the second end of the phase compensation transmission line 513 is coupled to the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 514.
  • the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 514 The output is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 515.
  • the second output of the third power splitter 512 is coupled to the first end of the phase compensation transmission line 516, and the second end of the phase compensation transmission line 516 is coupled to the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 517, the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 517 The output is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 518.
  • An output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 515 is coupled to the second end of the sixth impedance converting element 541 and is coupled to the first end of the third impedance converting element 543, the output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 518 and the third
  • the second end of the impedance transforming element 543 is connected and connected to the first end of the seventh impedance converting element 542, and the second end of the seventh impedance converting element 542 is connected to the load 160.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier is closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold, and Making the main power amplifier closer to saturation at the set threshold, thereby improving the efficiency of the main power amplifier and causing active load traction on the drive amplifier through an auxiliary power amplifier in parallel with the drive amplifier of the main power amplifier, such that The efficiency of the drive amplifier at the power back is close to the saturation efficiency, thereby increasing the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • the auxiliary power amplifiers of the auxiliary power amplifier branches may be biased in class C, and the plurality of auxiliary power amplifier branches are respectively turned on at different input power thresholds.
  • the 3Way Doherty (3-way Doherty) power amplifier as an example, when the power of the input signal is lower than the threshold 1, only the main power amplifier branch amplifies the input signal and reaches saturation at the threshold 1; when the power of the input signal is higher than When the threshold is 1, the first auxiliary power amplifier branch is activated to provide active load traction to the main power amplifier branch, and at the threshold 2, the first auxiliary power amplifier branch is saturated, between the threshold 1 and the threshold 2, the first The main power amplifier is always in saturation; above the threshold 2, the second auxiliary power amplifier branch is activated, providing active load traction to the main power amplifier branch and the first auxiliary power amplifier branch until the final three branches simultaneously reach a saturated output When the power of the input signal is higher than the threshold 2, the main power amplifier branch and the first
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 600 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 600 of Fig. 6 is an example of the Doherty power amplifier 100 of Figs. 3 and 5, and a detailed description is omitted as appropriate.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 600 includes: a first amplifying circuit 510, a second amplifying circuit 120, a first power splitter 430, a combining network 640, a second power splitter 150, a second phase compensation transmission line 281, and a first impedance transforming component 282. And a second impedance transforming element 283 and a delay device 384.
  • the 282 and delay device 384 are similar to the corresponding circuit components of the Doherty power amplifier 500 of FIG. 5 and will not be described herein.
  • the combining network 640 includes a sixth impedance transforming element 641, a seventh impedance transforming component 642, a fourth impedance transforming component 644, and a fifth impedance transforming component 643.
  • the first end of the sixth impedance converting component 641 is connected to the output end of the main power amplifier branch; the seventh impedance is changed The first end of the changing element 642 is connected to the second end of the sixth impedance converting element, and the second end of the seventh impedance converting element is connected to the load 160; the first end of the fourth impedance converting element 644 is connected to the output of the first auxiliary power amplifier branch The second end of the fourth impedance conversion component is connected to the output end of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch; the first end of the fifth impedance conversion component 643 is connected to the output end of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch, and the fifth impedance conversion component 643 is The second end is connected to the second end of the sixth impedance transforming component.
  • the output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 515 of the first auxiliary power amplifier branch is connected to the first end of the fourth impedance converting element 644, and the output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 518 of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • the terminal is connected to the second end of the fourth impedance converting element 644, and is connected to the first end of the fifth impedance converting element 643.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier is closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold and makes the main power amplifier closer to saturation at the set threshold, thereby improving the efficiency of the main power amplifier and passing it with the main power amplifier.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in parallel with the driver amplifier acts as an active load pull on the driver amplifier, so that the efficiency of the driver amplifier in returning power is close to the saturation efficiency, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • FIG ⁇ is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 700 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 700 of Fig. 7 is an example of the Doherty power amplifier 100 of Fig. 3, and a detailed description is omitted as appropriate.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 700 includes: a first amplifying circuit 710, a second amplifying circuit 120, a first power splitter 430, a combining network 540, a second power splitter 150, a first phase compensation transmission line 280, and a second phase compensation transmission line 281.
  • the first impedance transforming component 282 and the delaying device 384 The second amplifying circuit 120 of the Doherty power amplifier 700, the first power splitter 430, the combining network 540, the second power splitter 150, the first phase compensation transmission line 280, the second phase compensation transmission line 281, and the first impedance transforming component 282
  • the delay device 384 is similar to the corresponding circuit components of the Doherty power amplifier 500 of FIG. 5 and will not be described herein.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 700 is different from the Doherty power amplifier 500 of FIG. 5 in that the first amplification circuit 710 includes a first main power amplifier 711, a first stage auxiliary power amplifier 712, a third power divider 713, and a plurality of second stages.
  • the first end of the second impedance transforming element 283 is coupled to the second end of the phase compensation transmission line 282, and the second end of the second impedance converting component 283 is coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 711.
  • the first end of the second transmission line 432 is coupled to the first end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280, and the second end of the second transmission line 432 is coupled to ground via the impedance 270.
  • the output of the first main power amplifier 711 is coupled to the first end of the sixth impedance converting element 541.
  • the second end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280 is coupled to the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 712.
  • the output of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 712 is coupled to the input of the third power splitter 713.
  • the first output of the third power splitter 713 is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 714, and the output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 714 is coupled to the second end of the sixth impedance transforming component 541, and The first end of the three impedance transforming element 543 is connected.
  • the second output of the third power divider 713 is coupled to the first end of the phase compensation transmission line 715, and the second end of the phase compensation transmission line 715 is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 716.
  • the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 716 The output end is connected to the second end of the third impedance converting element 543 and is connected to the first end of the seventh impedance converting element 542, and the second end of the seventh impedance converting element 542 is connected to the load 160.
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier can be brought closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold by the cascaded multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier, and the main power amplifier is closer to the set threshold. Saturated, thereby improving the efficiency of the main power amplifier, and driving the amplifier with an active load through an auxiliary power amplifier in parallel with the drive amplifier of the main power amplifier, so that the efficiency of the drive amplifier in returning power is close to The saturation efficiency, which increases the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 800 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 800 is an example of the Doherty power amplifier 100 of Fig. 3, and a detailed description is omitted as appropriate.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 800 includes: a first amplifying circuit 710, a second amplifying circuit 120, a first power splitter 430, a combining network 640, a second power splitter 150, and a first phase compensation pass.
  • the 282 and delay device 384 are similar to the corresponding circuit components of the Doherty power amplifier 700 of FIG. 7, and the combining network 640 is similar to the corresponding circuit components of FIG. 6, and will not be described herein.
  • the first power splitter 430 includes a second impedance transforming element 283 and a second transmission line 432.
  • the first end of the second impedance converting element 283 is coupled to the second end of the first phase compensation transmission line 282, and the second end of the second impedance converting element 283 is coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 711.
  • the first end of the second transmission line 432 is coupled to the first end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280, and the second end of the second transmission line 432 is coupled to ground via the impedance 270.
  • An output of the first main power amplifier 711 is coupled to a first end of the sixth impedance converting element 641.
  • the second end of the first phase compensation transmission line 280 is coupled to the input of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 712.
  • the output of the first stage auxiliary power amplifier 712 is coupled to the input of the third power splitter 713.
  • the first output of the third power divider 713 is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 714, and the output of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 714 is coupled to the first end of the fourth impedance converting component 644, a fourth impedance
  • the second end of the transforming element 644 is coupled to the first end of the fifth impedance transforming element 643.
  • the second output of the third power divider 713 is coupled to the first end of the phase compensation transmission line 715, and the second end of the phase compensation transmission line 715 is coupled to the input of the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 716, the second stage auxiliary power amplifier 716
  • the output end is connected to the second end of the fourth impedance transforming component 644 and is coupled to the first end of the fifth impedance transforming component 643, the second end of the fifth impedance transforming component 643 and the first of the seventh impedance transforming component 642
  • the terminal is connected and connected to the second end of the sixth impedance converting element 641, and the second end of the seventh impedance converting element 642 is connected to the load 160.
  • an auxiliary power amplifier is used as a driving amplifier to drive two or more auxiliary power amplifiers, and by adjusting the offset of the auxiliary power amplifier as the driving amplifier and the two auxiliary power amplifiers, the same or similar to the foregoing embodiment can be achieved.
  • the effect, and the circuit topology is more compact, and reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost.
  • the auxiliary amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier can be cascaded before the auxiliary power amplifier of the Doherty power amplifier, and the driving amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier is also cascaded in front of the main power amplifier, and the driving amplifier of the auxiliary power amplifier is also biased.
  • class C or close to class C the output gain characteristics of the auxiliary power amplifier are steeper, resulting in auxiliary power amplification.
  • the closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold, the main power amplifier is closer to saturation at the set threshold.
  • the driving amplifier of the main power amplifier since the driving amplifier of the main power amplifier does not have an active load pulling effect, the efficiency at the time of power back is much lower than the saturation efficiency, thereby lowering the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • Embodiments of the present invention propose a Doherty power amplifier that can increase the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • FIG. 9 shows a circuit block diagram of a Doherty power amplifier 900 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 900 includes: a first amplifying circuit 110, a second amplifying circuit 120 and a first power splitter 130, a combining network 140, and a second power splitter 150.
  • the first amplifying circuit 110 includes a main power amplifier branch and at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch, wherein the main power amplifier branch includes a first main power amplifier 111, and each of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch includes a plurality of auxiliary powers The amplifiers 112 and 113, the main power amplifier branch is configured to output an amplified signal to the output end of the main power amplifier branch, and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to be at least one auxiliary when the output power of the first main power amplifier 111 reaches the first threshold.
  • the output of the power amplifier branch outputs an amplified signal.
  • the combining network 140 is operative to impedance transform the first amplifying circuit 110 and couple the output of the main power amplifier branch to the output of the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch to the load 160.
  • the second amplifying circuit 120 includes a second main power amplifier branch and a second auxiliary power amplifier branch connected in parallel, the second main power amplifier branch includes a second main power amplifier 121, and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch includes at least one second auxiliary The power amplifier 122, wherein the second main power amplifier branch is configured to output an amplified signal to the output end of the second amplifying circuit 120 to drive the first main power amplifier 111, and the second auxiliary power amplifier branch is set to be in the second main power amplifier 121. When the output power reaches the second threshold, the amplified signal is output to the output end of the second amplifying circuit 120.
  • the first power splitter 130 is coupled between the first amplifying circuit 110 and the second amplifying circuit 120 for distributing the input signal of the first power splitter 130 to the main power amplifier branch and the at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • a second power splitter 150 connected to the input end of the second main power amplifier branch and the input end of the second auxiliary power amplifier branch, for distributing the input signal of the Doherty power amplifier to the second main power amplifier branch and the second Auxiliary power amplifier branch.
  • a cascaded multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier can be used
  • the auxiliary power amplifier in the Doherty power amplifier is closer to the ideal turn-off at the set threshold, and Making the main power amplifier closer to saturation at the set threshold, thereby improving the efficiency of the main power amplifier and causing active load traction on the drive amplifier through an auxiliary power amplifier in parallel with the drive amplifier of the main power amplifier, such that The efficiency of the drive amplifier at the power back is close to the saturation efficiency, thereby increasing the overall efficiency of the power amplifier.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 900 further includes: a first impedance transforming component and a second impedance transforming component, configured to perform impedance transform on the second amplifying circuit, wherein the first impedance transforming component and the second main The power amplifiers are connected in series, and the second impedance transforming element is coupled between the first power splitter and the first impedance transforming element.
  • the Doherty power amplifier 900 further includes: a first impedance transforming component, wherein the first impedance transforming component is connected in series with the second main power amplifier, wherein the first power splitter includes the second impedance transforming component And a coupling transmission line, the second impedance conversion component is connected between the output end of the second amplifying circuit and the input end of the main power amplifier branch, and is used for impedance transformation of the second amplifying circuit, coupling one end of the transmission line with at least one auxiliary power amplifier branch The input ends of the paths are connected, and the other end of the coupled transmission line is grounded, and the first impedance transforming element and the second impedance transforming element are used for impedance transforming the second amplifying circuit.
  • At least one of the second auxiliary power amplifiers is biased in class B or class C, and the second main power amplifier is biased in class AB.
  • the first power splitter is a coupler.
  • the multi-stage auxiliary power amplifier is biased in class B or class C, and the first main power amplifier is biased in class AB.
  • the first power splitter is a coupler.
  • the embodiment of Figures 2 through 8 omits the example of the Doherty power amplifier 900 which may be used as the embodiment of Figure 9 after the delay device 384, and will not be described herein.
  • the delay device 384 is omitted in the embodiment of Figs. 2 to 4
  • the second end of the second impedance converting element 283 is directly connected to the input terminal of the first main power amplifier 211.
  • the second end of the second impedance converting element 283 is directly coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 511.
  • the second end of the second impedance converting element 283 is directly coupled to the input of the first main power amplifier 711.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the structure of a transmitter 1000 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Transmitter 1000 includes a signal processor 1010, a signal amplifier 1020, and a signal transmitter 1030.
  • Signal processor 1010 is for processing signals to be transmitted.
  • the signal amplifier 1020 is as shown in FIG. 1A to
  • the Doherty power amplifier of the embodiment of 9 is for amplifying a signal processed by a signal processor.
  • the signal transmitter 1030 is configured to transmit a signal amplified by the signal amplifier.
  • transmitter 1000 can be a transmitter of a base station in a communication system.
  • Embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto, and transmitter 1000 may also be a transmitter of other communication devices in a communication system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention increase the auxiliary power amplifier branch gain by cascading auxiliary power amplifiers, and allocate more power to the main power amplifier branches, thereby increasing the gain of the final amplifier circuit.
  • a driver stage amplifying circuit located before the final amplifying circuit is provided for driving the final amplifying circuit, and a parallel auxiliary power amplifier is provided for the driving amplifier in the driving stage amplifying circuit, thereby providing the driving amplifier
  • the active load pull improves the efficiency of the driver stage amplifying circuit, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the transmitter's Doherty power amplifier and, correspondingly, improving the efficiency of the transmitter.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct connection or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the components displayed for the unit may or may not be physical units, ie may be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units. You can choose some of them according to actual needs or All units are used to achieve the objectives of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention may contribute to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like. The medium of the code.

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Abstract

一种多赫蒂功率放大器(100),包括:第一放大电路(110),包括主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路,其中主功放支路包括第一主功率放大器(111),至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅助功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大器(112,113);延迟器件(383),连接在主功放支路中,用于补偿主功放支路与至少一个辅助功放支路之间的时延差;合路网络(140),用于对第一放大电路(110)进行阻抗变换,并将主功放支路的输出端与所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合到负载(160);第一功率分配器(130),连接主功放支路的输入端和至少一个辅助功放支路的输入端,用于将第一功率分配器(130)的输入信号分配到所述主功放支路和所述至少一个辅助功放支路。该技术方案能够提高多赫蒂功率放大器(100)的效率。

Description

多赫蒂功率放大器和发射机 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信领域, 尤其是涉及一种多赫蒂(Doherty )功率放大 器和发射机。 背景技术
在通信系统中,射频功率放大器和微波功率放大器用来放大射频调制信 号和微波调制信号。 为了提高频谱利用效率, 很多制式的调制信号同时携带 相位和幅度信息。 例如, 码分多址( Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA ) 信号和正交频分复用 ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM信 号等等属于高峰均比的非恒包络信号, 这类信号要求功率放大器既要满足峰 值功率输出时具有较好的线性度, 同时还要在平均功率输出时具有较高的效 率。 传统的 AB类 ( Class AB )线性功率放大器只有在峰值输出功率下才具 有高效率, 对于高峰均比的非恒包络信号, 在平均功率下效率很低。
为了提高线性功率放大器在回退功率时的效率,提出了 Doherty 功率放 大器。 常规 Doherty功率放大器可以包含两个以上功率放大器, 一个功率放 大器为主功率放大器 (Main Amplifier ), 也称为载波功率放大器 (Carrier Amplifier ) , 偏置在 AB 类工作状态, 还有一个或多个辅助功率放大器 ( Auxiliary Amplifier ), 也称为峰值功率放大器( Peak Amplifier ), 偏置在 B 类或 C类工作状态。辅助功率放大器在输入信号小于设定门限情况下对信号 没有放大作用, 由于 Doherty的合路网络的作用, 主功率放大器在辅助功率 放大器没有起放大作用时输出阻抗是高阻状态, 这样, 主功率放大器可以在 较小输出功率下达到饱和, 提高了低输出功率下的效率。 在理想状态下, 在 高于设定门限时辅助功率放大器的输出随输入增加而增加,对主功率放大器 起到有源负载牵引作用, 主功率放大器的输出阻抗随输入功率增加而下降, 功率输出随输入功率增加而增加, 而主功率放大器的工作状态始终处于饱和 状态, 直到主功率放大器和辅助功率放大器最终同时达到饱和输出, 从而提 高了整个功放的在回退功率时的效率。
然而, 由于偏置在 C 类工作状态的功率放大器的增益特性是緩慢开启 的, 这样, 在主功率放大器的输入信号的功率达到设定门限之前, 辅助功率 放大器已经开始对主功率放大器进行有源负载牵引,使得主功率放大器在输 入信号达到设定门限时并没有达到饱和状态, 从而影响了功率放大器的效 率。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种 Doherty功率放大器和发射机, 能够避免辅 助功率放大器在主功率放大器达到饱和前产生有源负载牵引,从而能够提高 功率放大器的效率。
第一方面, 提供了一种多赫蒂功率放大器, 包括: 第一放大电路, 包括 主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中主功放支路包括第一主功率放大 器, 至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅助功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大 器, 主功放支路用于向主功放支路的输出端输出放大信号, 至少一个辅助功 放支路设置成在第一主功率放大器的输出功率达到第一门限时向至少一个 辅助功放支路的输出端输出放大信号; 延迟器件, 连接在主功放支路中, 用 于补偿主功放支路与至少一个辅助功放支路之间的时延差; 合路网络, 用于 对第一放大电路进行阻抗变换, 并将主功放支路的输出端与至少一个辅助功 放支路的输出端耦合到负载; 第一功率分配器, 连接主功放支路的输入端和 至少一个辅助功放支路的输入端,用于将第一功率分配器的输入信号分配到 主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路。
在第一种可能的实现方式下,多赫蒂功率放大器还包括:第二放大电路, 包括并联连接的第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支路, 第二主功放支路包括 第二主功率放大器, 第二辅助功放支路包括至少一级第二辅助功率放大器, 其中主功放支路用于向第二放大电路的输出端输出放大信号, 以驱动第一主 功率放大器, 第二辅助功放支路设置成在第二主功率放大器的输出功率达到 第二门限时向第二放大电路的输出端输出放大信号; 第二功率分配器, 连接 第二主功放支路的输入端和第二辅助功放支路的输入端, 用于将多赫蒂功率 放大器的输入信号分配到第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支路; 其中, 第一 功率分配器耦合在第一放大电路与第二放大电路之间,用于将第二放大电路 输出的放大信号分配到主功放支路的和至少一个辅助功放支路。
结合第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能的实现方式下, 多赫蒂功率 放大器还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件和第二阻抗变换元件, 用于对第二放大电 路进行阻抗变换, 其中第一阻抗变换元件与第二主功率放大器串联连接, 第 二阻抗变换元件连接在第一功率分配器与第一阻抗变换元件之间。
结合第一种可能的实现方式, 在第三种可能的实现方式下, 多赫蒂功率 放大器还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件, 其中第一阻抗变换元件与第二主功率放 大器串联连接, 其中第一功率分配器包括第二阻抗变换元件和耦合传输线, 第二阻抗变换元件连接在第二放大电路的输出端与主功放支路的输入端之 间, 用于对第二放大电路进行阻抗变换, 耦合传输线的一端与至少一个辅助 功放支路的输入端连接, 耦合传输线的另一端接地, 第一阻抗变换元件和第 二阻抗变换元件用于对第二放大电路进行阻抗变换。
结合第一至第三种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第四种可能的实现 方式下, 多赫蒂功率放大器还包括: 至少一个第二相位补偿传输线, 设置在 第二主功放支路和 /或第二辅助功放支路中,用于调整第二主功放支路与第二 辅助功放支路之间的相位差。
结合第一至第四种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第五种可能的实现 方式下, 至少一级第二辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类, 第二主功率放 大器偏置在 AB类。
结合第一种或第二种可能的实现方式, 在第六种可能的实现方式下, 第 一功率分配器为耦合器。
结合第一方面或第一至第六种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第七种 可能的实现方式下, 至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 一个辅助功放支路, 辅助 功放支路的多级辅助功率放大器串联连接在辅助功放支路的输入端与辅助 功放支路的输出端之间。
结合第一方面或第一至第六种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第八种 可能的实现方式下, 多赫蒂功率放大器还包括: 第三功率分配器, 至少一个 辅助功放支路包括: 多个辅助功放支路, 其中第三功率分配器的输入端通过 第一功率分配器与第一主功率放大器的输入端耦合, 第三功率分配器用于将 第一功率分配器输出的信号分配到多个辅助功放支路。
结合第一方面或第一至第六种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第九种 可能的实现方式下, 至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 第三功率分配器、 一个第 一级辅助功率放大器和多个第二级辅助功率放大器, 第一级辅助功率放大器 的输入端通过第一功率分配器与第一主功率放大器的输入端耦合, 第三功率 分配器的输入端与第一级辅助功率放大器的输出端相连接, 第三功率分配器 用于将第一级辅助功率放大器输出的放大信号分配到多个第二级辅助功率 放大器。
结合第一方面或第一至第六种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第十种 可能的实现方式下, 多赫蒂功率放大器还包括: 至少一个第一相位补偿传输 线,设置在主功放支路和 /或少一个辅助功放支路中,用于调整主功放支路与 至少一个辅助功放支路之间的相位差。
结合第一方面或第一至第十种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第十一 种可能的实现方式下, 多级辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类、 第一主功 率放大器偏置在 AB类。
结合第一方面或第一至第十一种可能的实现方式中的任何一种,在第十 二种可能的实现方式下, 合路网络包括: 至少一个阻抗变换器, 延迟器件为 延迟线。
第二方面, 提供了一种多赫蒂功率放大器, 包括: 第一放大电路, 包括 主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中主功放支路包括第一主功率放大 器, 至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅助功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大 器, 主功放支路用于向主功放支路的输出端输出放大信号, 至少一个辅助功 放支路设置成在第一主功率放大器的输出功率达到第一门限时向至少一个 辅助功放支路的输出端输出放大信号; 合路网络, 用于对第一放大电路进行 阻抗变换, 并将主功放支路的输出端与至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合 到负载; 第二放大电路, 包括并联连接的第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支 路, 第二主功放支路包括第二主功率放大器, 第二辅助功放支路包括至少一 级第二辅助功率放大器, 其中第二主功放支路用于向第二放大电路的输出端 输出放大信号, 以驱动第一主功率放大器, 第二辅助功放支路设置成在第二 主功率放大器的输出功率达到第二门限时向第二放大电路的输出端输出放 大信号; 第一功率分配器, 耦合在第一放大电路与第二放大电路之间, 用于 将第一功率分配器的输入信号分配到主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路; 第二功率分配器,连接第二主功放支路的输入端和第二辅助功放支路的输入 端, 用于将多赫蒂功率放大器的输入信号分配到第二主功放支路和第二辅助 功放支路。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第一种可能的实现方式下, 多赫蒂功率放大器还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件和第二阻抗变换元件, 用于对 第二放大电路进行阻抗变换, 其中第一阻抗变换元件与第二主功率放大器串 联连接, 第二阻抗变换元件连接在第一功率分配器与第一阻抗变换元件之 间。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式, 在第二种可能的实现方式下, 多赫蒂功率放大器还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件, 其中第一阻抗变换元件与第 二主功率放大器串联连接,其中第一功率分配器包括第二阻抗变换元件和耦 合传输线, 第二阻抗变换元件连接在第二放大电路的输出端与主功放支路的 输入端之间, 用于对第二放大电路进行阻抗变换, 耦合传输线的一端与至少 一个辅助功放支路的输入端连接, 耦合传输线的另一端接地, 第一阻抗变换 元件和第二阻抗变换元件用于对第二放大电路进行阻抗变换。
结合第二方面的第一种或第二种可能的实现方式,在第三种可能的实现 方式下, 至少一级第二辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类, 第二主功率放 大器偏置在 AB类。
结合第二方面,在第四种可能的实现方式下,第一功率分配器为耦合器。 结合第二方面或第二方面的第一种至第四种可能的实现方式,在第五种 可能的实现方式下, 多级辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类、 第一主功率 放大器偏置在 AB类。
第三方面、 提供了一种发射机, 包括: 信号处理器, 用于处理待发射的 信号; 信号放大器, 信号放大器为第一方面或第二方面所述的多赫蒂功率放 大器, 用于放大经信号处理器处理的信号; 信号发射器, 用于发射经信号放 大模块放大后的信号。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得
Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高主功率放大器的 效率。 同时, 本发明的实施例还在主功放支路中设置延迟器件, 补偿了主功 放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群时延差, 减轻了群时延差对 Doherty功率放 大器的宽带性能产生的不利影响。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对本发明实施例中 所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面所描述的附图仅仅是本 发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的 前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1A示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。
图 1B示出了根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。
图 1C示出了根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。
图 1D示出了根据本发明的再一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。
图 2示出了根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框图。 图 3是根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 4是根据本发明的再一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 5是根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 6是根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 7是根据本发明的再一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 8是根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 9是根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的示意性电路图。 图 10是根据本发明的一个实施例的发射器的示意性框图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创 造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了解决上述技术问题, 可以在 Doherty功率放大器的辅助功率放大器 之前级联驱动放大器, 即釆用多级辅助功率放大器。 辅助功率放大器的驱动 放大器也偏置在 C类或接近 C类, 使得辅助功率放大器的输出增益特性更 陡峭, 从而使得辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 主功率放大 器在设定门限上更接近饱和。 然而, 这种 Doherty功率放大器的辅助功放支 路包括多级辅助功率放大器, 每级辅助功率放大器会产生相应的群时延, 群 时延是指信号通过线性系统传输或网络传播时, 系统或网络对信号整体产生 的时延。 由于主功放支路和辅助功放支路之间存在群时延差, 因此, 会对
Doherty功率放大器的宽带性能产生不利的影响。
本发明的实施例提出了一种 Doherty功率放大器和发射机, 能够在提高 功率放大器的效率的同时减少群时延对 Doherty功率放大器的宽带性能产生 的不利影响。
图 1A出了根据本发明的一个实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 100的电路 框图。 Doherty功率放大器 100包括: 第一放大电路 110、 第一功率分配器 130、 合路网络 140和延迟器件 384。
第一放大电路 110包括主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中主功 放支路包括第一主功率放大器 111, 上述至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅 助功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大器 112和 113, 主功放支路用于向主功放 支路的输出端输出放大信号, 至少一个辅助功放支路设置成在第一主功率放 大器 111的输出功率达到第一门限时向至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端输出 放大信号。
换句话说, 主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路并联连接。 上述至少一 个辅助功放支路中的一个辅助功放支路对主功放支路起到有源负载牵引作 用, 例如, 在第一主功率放大器 111的输出功率达到第一门限时, 该辅助功 放支路输出放大信号, 第一主功率放大器 111的输出阻抗随输入功率增加而 下降, 第一主功率放大器 111的输出功率随输入功率增加而增加, 使得第一 主功率放大器 111的工作状态始终处于饱和状态,直到第一主功率放大器 111 和该辅助功放支路的多级辅助功率放大器最终同时达到饱和输出,从而能够 提高整个功放在回退功率时的效率。 另外, 在存在两个以上的辅助功放支路 时,辅助功放支路可以对已经开始工作的主功放和辅助功放支路起到有源负 载牵引作用。每个辅助功放支路中的多级辅助功率放大器包括第一级辅助功 率放大器 112和第二级辅助功率放大器 113,其中第一级辅助功率放大器 112 用于驱动第二级辅助功率放大器 113。
延迟器件 384连接在主功放支路中, 例如, 延迟器件 384与第一主功率 放大器 111串联连接, 用于补偿主功放支路与至少一个辅助功放支路之间的 时延差。 合路网络 140用于对第一放大电路 110进行阻抗变换, 并将主功放支路 的输出端与至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合到负载 160, 以实现辅助功 放支路对主功放支路的有源负载牵引。
第一功率分配器 130, 连接主功放支路的输入端和至少一个辅助功放支 路的输入端, 用于将第一功率分配器 130的输入信号分配到主功放支路和至 少一个辅助功放支路。
具体而言,延迟器件可以是在电路中将电信号延迟一定时间再输出的器 件。 对于模拟信号, 延迟器件可以釆用电感和电容组成或直接用同轴电缆和 螺旋线;对于数字信号,延迟器件还可以釆用电荷耦合器件或声表面波器件。 延迟器件可以提供群时延。
在本发明的实施例中, 由于辅助功放支路中设置了多级辅助功率放大 器, 每级辅助功率放大器会产生相应的群时延(例如, 2ns )。 主功放支路和 辅助功放支路之间的群时延差过大会对功放宽带性能产生不利的影响。 虽然 可以通过调整主功放支路或辅助功放支路中的相位补偿线来使两个支路的 中心频点的相位对齐, 然而, 偏离中心频点, 在其它频点, 两个支路的相位 差会越来越大。 而本发明的实施例在主功放支路中设置延迟器件, 能够补偿 上述两个支路的群时延差。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得
Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率。 同时, 本发明的实施例还在主功放支路中设置延迟器件, 补偿了主 功放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群时延差, 减轻了群时延差对 Doherty功率 放大器的宽带性能产生的不利影响。
根据本发明的实施例, 第一功率分配器 130为耦合器。
第一功率分配器 130可以釆用威尔金森分路器、 Hybrid bridge, 环形电 桥或定向耦合器等多种分路器形式。
根据本发明的实施例的多赫蒂功率放大器还可以包括: 至少一个第一相 位补偿传输线,设置在主功放支路和 /或至少一个辅助功放支路中,用于调整 主功放支路与至少一个辅助功放支路之间的相位差。
根据本发前的实施例, 为了使得主功放支路和辅助功放支路的相位在合 路点一致, 以减小功率损失,还可以在主功放支路和 /或至少一个辅助功放支 路中设置相位补偿传输线(也称为 Offset传输线)。 相位补偿传输线可以设 置在主功放支路中, 也可以设置在辅助功放支路中, 本发明的实施例对此不 作限定。
根据本发明的实施例, 上述多级辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类、 第一主功率放大器偏置在 AB类。
功率放大器的工作状态通常可以分为 A类 (也称为曱类)、 B类 (也称 为乙类)、 C类 (丙类) 以及 AB类 (也称为曱乙类)等, 其中 A类功率放 大器为线性功率放大器; B类功率放大器也为线性功率放大器, 但在工作原 理上不同于 A类功率放大器; AB类功率放大器介于 A类和 B类功率放大器 之间, 兼顾两者的优点; C类功率放大器为非线性功率放大器。
根据本发明的实施例, 合路网络包括至少一个阻抗变换器。 例如, 合路 网络可以为阻抗变器网络( Impedance Inverter Network, INN )。 阻抗变换器 可以为 1/4波长传输线。 阻抗变换器可以设置在主功放支路中, 例如, 设置 在第一主功率放大器的输出端, 本发明的实施例并不限于此, 例如, 在反 Doherty设计中, 1/4波长传输线可以设置在辅助功放输出端。 可替代地, 本 发明的实施例还可以釆用能够起到有源负载牵引作用的混合式电桥实现合 路网络, 本发明的实施例对合路网络的形式不作限定。
根据本发明的实施例, 上述至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 一个辅助功放 支路, 该辅助功放支路的多级辅助功率放大器(例如, 第一级辅助功率放大 器 112和第二级辅助功率放大器 113 ) 可以串联连接在辅助功放支路的输入 端与辅助功放支路的输出端之间。 为了方便说明, 图 1A是以两级辅助功率放大器 112和 113为例进行说 明, 本领域技术人员应理解的是, 上述至少一个辅助功放支路可以包括多个 辅助功放支路, 每个辅助功放支路可以包括多级辅助功率放大器。
下面参照图 1B至图 1D对包括多个辅助功放支路的 Doherty功率放大器 进行描述。 图 1B至图 1D的实施例是图 1A的例子, 在此适当省略详细的描 述。
图 1B示出了根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。 例如, 第一功率分配器 130可以包括 N路输出, 其中一路输出连接主功 放支路, N-1路输出连接辅助功放支路。 根据本发前的实施例, 为了使得 N个支路的相位在合路点一致, 以减小 功率损失,还可以在 N个支路中的最多 N-1个支路中设置相位补偿传输线(也 称为 Offset传输线)。例如,在第一级辅助功率放大器 112的输入端设置 Offset 134, 在第二级辅助功率放大器 113的输入端设置 Offset 135。 辅助功放支路 减少 Offset传输线与主功放支路增加 Offset传输线是等效的, 所以对于 N-way的 Doherty功率放大器, 最多在 N-1个支路上设置 Offset传输线就能 够将所有支路的相位调成一致。
另外, 因为延迟线的足够长, 补偿一级功放约 2ns (相当于多个载波周 期), 而 Offset传输线补偿不超过一个载波周期。 因此, 可以不在辅助功放 支路上设置 offset传输线, 而是稍微增加或减少延迟线的长度。 这样, Offset 传输线可以作为传输线的一部分, 同时实现布线和相位补偿, 且无需设置明 显的物理器件。
可替代地, 延迟器件还可以釆用滤波器网络来实现。 由于滤波器网络不 能随意调整相移, 因此可以通过增加 Offset传输线的方式来调整。
另外, 还可以在上述功率放大器的输出端设置 Offset传输线, 该 Offset 传输线的作用是补偿功率放大器功率管的匹配网络和封装的寄生参数的相 移,使得合路网络端口的纯电阻性负载变换到功率管内部仍然为纯电阻性负 载。 例如, 在主功率放大器 111的输出端设置 Offset 136, 在多个辅助功放 支路的辅助功率放大器 113的输出端设置 Offset 137和 Offset 138。
图 1C示出了根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。 图 1C的 Doherty功率放大器还包括: 第三功率分配器 133, 上述至少一 个辅助功放支路包括多个辅助功放支路,其中第三功率分配器 133的输入端 通过第一功率分配器 130与第一主功率放大器 111的输入端耦合, 第三功率 分配器 133 用于将第一功率分配器 130输出的信号分配到多个辅助功放支 路。
同样, 为了使得 N个支路的相位在合路点一致,可以在最多 N-1个支路 中设置相位补偿线(也称为 Offset )。 图 1C的 Offset 134至 Offset 138与图 1B的 Offset 134至 Offset 138类似, 在此不赞述。
图 1D示出了根据本发明的再一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器的电路框 图。 至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 第三功率分配器 133、 一个第一级辅助功 率放大器 112和多个第二级辅助功率放大器 113,第一级辅助功率放大器 112 的输入端通过第一功率分配器 130与第一主功率放大器 111的输入端耦合, 第三功率分配器 133 的输入端与第一级辅助功率放大器 112 的输出端相连 接, 第三功率分配器 133用于将第一级辅助功率放大器 112输出的放大信号 分配到多个第二级辅助功率放大器 113。
同样, 为了使得 N个支路的相位在合路点一致, 可以在图 1D 的最多
N-1个支路中设置相位补偿线(也称为 Offset ) (图 1D中未示出)。
图 2示出了根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 200的电路 框图。 图 2的 Doherty功率放大器 200为图 1A的实施例的例子。 Doherty功 率放大器 200包括: 第一放大电路 110、 第二放大电路 120和第一功率分配 器 130、 合路网络 140和第二功率分配器 150以及延迟器件 384。 第一放大 电路 110也称为末级放大电路, 第二放大电路 120也称为驱动级放大电路。
第一放大电路 110包括主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中主功 放支路包括第一主功率放大器 111, 上述至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅 助功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大器, 主功放支路用于向主功放支路的输出 端输出放大信号, 至少一个辅助功放支路设置成在第一主功率放大器 111的 输出功率达到第一门限时向至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端输出放大信号。
延迟器件 384连接在主功放支路中, 例如, 延迟器件 384与第一主功率 放大器 112串联连接, 用于补偿主功放支路与至少一个辅助功放支路之间的 时延差。
合路网络 140用于对第一放大电路 110进行阻抗变换, 并将主功放支路 的输出端与至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合到负载 160。 合路网络 140 可以包括阻抗变换元件, 例如, 1/4波长线。
第二放大电路 120, 包括并联连接的第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支 路, 第二主功放支路包括第二主功率放大器 121, 第二辅助功放支路包括至 少一级第二辅助功率放大器 122, 其中第二主功放支路用于向第二放大电路 120的输出端输出放大信号, 以驱动第一主功率放大器 111, 第二辅助功放 支路设置成在第二主功率放大器 121的输出功率达到第二门限时向第二放大 电路 120的输出端输出放大信号。
具体而言, 第二主功率放大器 121用于驱动第一主功率放大器 111, 而 第二辅助功率放大器 122对第二主功率放大器 121起到有源负载牵引作用。
第一主功率放大器的负载阻抗在辅助支路未开启前是高阻状态,在此高 阻状态下第一主功率放大器在输出较小功率时即提前达到饱和工作状态,从 而在回退( Back off )功率点上达到峰值效率。 以两路( 2Way ) Doherty为例, 如果第一主功率放大器的峰值输出功率为 Pa_max (单位 W ),辅助功率放大 器峰值输出功率为 Pp_max (单位 W ), 那么提前饱和功率点回退量为 P _ max/ (P _ max + Pa _ max) (单位 dB ), 而辅助功放支路的设计应该以这个 回退功率点作为开启点,即第一阔值可以 4艮据该开启点的功率来确定,例如, 可以将该开启点的功率作为第一阔值。 辅助功放支路具有开启 (turn-on )特 性由辅助功放支路的多级辅助功率放大器的偏置条件联合确定。
第一功率分配器 130耦合在第一放大电路 110与第二放大电路 120之间, 用于将第二放大电路 120输出的放大信号分配到主功放支路的输入端和至少 一个辅助功放支路的输入端。
第二功率分配器 150连接第二主功放支路的输入端和第二辅助功放支路 的输入端, 用于将多赫蒂功率放大器的输入信号分配到第二主功放支路和第 二辅助功放支路, 其中, 第一功率分配器 130耦合在第一放大电路 110与第 二放大电路 120之间, 用于将第二放大电路 120输出的放大信号分配到主功 放支路的和至少一个辅助功放支路。 第一功率分配器 130也可以釆用威尔金 森分路器、 Hybrid bridge, 环形电桥或定向耦合器等多种分路器形式。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得 Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率。 同时, 本发明的实施例还在主功放支路中设置延迟器件, 补偿了主 功放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群时延差, 减轻了群时延差对 Doherty功率 放大器的宽带性能产生的不利影响。
另外,通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。
由于本发明的实施例的辅助支路釆用了多级辅助功率放大器,使得辅助 支路的增益较高。 因此, 第一功率分配器可以釆用相互耦合的传输线的形式 来实现。 由于本发明的实施例可以釆用耦合系数较低的耦合器, 因此可以釆 用耦合的传输线来代替传统的分路器, 这样耦合器比较容易实现, 而且对传 输线阻抗影响可以忽略。 另外, 由于辅助功率放大器通常釆用 C类功率放大 器, 而 C类功率放大器的输入驻波会随输入功率变化, 所以 Doherty功放输 入端一般都需要添加隔离器。本发明的实施例可以釆用耦合系数很低的耦合 器代替传统的分路器,辅助功放支路的驻波影响较小,因此可以取消隔离器, 降低物料成本。
图 3是根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 300的示意性电 路图。 图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 300是图 2的 Doherty功率放大器 200的 例子。 在此适当省略详细的描述。
图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 300包括: 第一放大电路 210、 第二放大电 路 120和第一功率分配器 230、 合路网络 240和第二功率分配器 150以及延 迟器件 384。 第一放大电路 210包括第一主功率放大器 211、 第一级辅助功 率放大器 212和第二级辅助功率放大器 213。 合路网络 240包括: 第六阻抗 变换元件 241和第七阻抗变换元件 242。第一功率分配器 230可以为耦合器。 阻抗变换元件可以为阻抗变换器。
Doherty功率放大器 300还包括: 至少一个第一相位补偿传输线 280,设 置在主功放支路和 /或至少一个辅助功放支路中,用于调整主功放支路与至少 一个辅助功放支路之间的相位差; 至少一个第二相位补偿传输线 281, 设置 在第二主功放支路和 /或第二辅助功放支路中,用于调整第二主功放支路与第 二辅助功放支路之间的相位差; 第一阻抗变换元件 282和第二阻抗变换元件 283 , 用于对第二放大电路 120进行阻抗变换, 其中第一阻抗变换元件 282 与第二主功率放大器 121串联连接, 第二阻抗变换元件 283连接在第一功率 分配器 230与第一阻抗变换元件 282之间。
具体而言, 第二功率分配器 150的第一输出端与第二主功率放大器 121 的输入端连接。 第二功率分配器 150 的第二输出端与第二相位补偿传输线 281的第一端连接。第二主功率放大器 121的输出端与第一阻抗变换元件 282 的第一端连接。 第一阻抗变换元件 282的第二端与第二阻抗变换元件 283的 第一端连接。 第二相位补偿传输线 281的第二端与第二辅助功率放大器 122 的输入端连接。 第二辅助功率放大器 122的输出端与第二阻抗变换元件 283 的第一端连接,第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与耦合器 230的输入端连接。 例如, 第一阻抗变换元件 282和第二阻抗变换元件 283可以为 1/4波长线。
可替代地, 第二相位补偿传输线 281也可以设置在主功放支路上。
第二相位补偿传输线 281用于补偿第一阻抗变换元件 282的 90° 相位 差, 如果第一辅助功率放大器 121和第二辅助功率放大器 122不同, 第二相 位补偿传输线 281还可以补偿二者的相位差异。
耦合器 230的直通端与第一主功率放大器 211的输入端连接。耦合器 230 的耦合端与第一相位补偿传输线 280的第一端连接,耦合器 230的隔离端通 过阻抗 270接地。 第一相位补偿传输线 280的第二端与第一级辅助功率放大 器 212的输入端连接。 第一主功率放大器 211的输出端与第六阻抗变换元件 241的第一端连接。 第一相位补偿传输线 280的第二端与第一级辅助功率放 大器 212的输入端连接, 第一级辅助功率放大器 212的输出端与第二级辅助 功率放大器 213的输入端连接。第二级辅助功率放大器 213的输出端与第六 阻抗变换元件 241的第二端连接, 并且与第七阻抗变换元件 242的第一端连 接, 第七阻抗变换元件 242的第二端连接负载 160。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得 Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率, 并通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。 同时, 本发明的实施例还 在主功放支路中设置延迟器件, 补偿了主功放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群 时延差,减轻了群时延差对 Doherty功率放大器的宽带性能产生的不利影响。
另外, 本发明的实施例在主功放支路中设置了用于补偿群时延的延迟器 件,从而减轻或避免了主功放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群时延差对功放宽 带性能产生的不利影响。
图 4是根据本发明的再一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 400的示意性电 路图。 图 4的 Doherty功率放大器 400是图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 100的 例子, 在此适当省略详细的描述。
Doherty功率放大器 400包括: 第一放大电路 210、 第二放大电路 120、 第一功率分配器 430、合路网络 240、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传 输线 280、 第二相位补偿传输线 281和第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384。除第一功率分配器 430之外,上述电路元件的与图 3的 Doherty功率放 大器 300类似, 在此不再赘述。
与图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 300不同的是, 第一功率分配器 430可以 包括第二阻抗变换元件 283和第二传输线 432。 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第 一端与第一阻抗变换元件 282的第二端连接, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二 端与第一功率放大器 211的输入端连接, 第二传输线 432的第一端与第一相 位补偿传输线 280的第一端连接, 第二传输线 432的第二端通过阻抗 270接 地。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得 Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率, 并通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。 同时, 本发明的实施例还 在主功放支路中设置延迟器件, 补偿了主功放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群 时延差,减轻了群时延差对 Doherty功率放大器的宽带性能产生的不利影响。
另外, 本发明的实施例在主功放支路中设置了用于补偿群时延的延迟器 件,从而减轻或避免了主功放支路和辅助功放支路之间的群时延差对功放宽 带性能产生的不利影响。
另外, 由于可以直接利用第一放大电路的输出端的阻抗变换元件实现耦 合器功能, 因此减少了物料成本和电路拓朴的面积。
图 5是根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 500的示意性电 路图。 图 5的 Doherty功率放大器 500是图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 100的 例子, 在此适当省略详细的描述。
Doherty功率放大器 500包括: 第一放大电路 510、 第二放大电路 120、 第一功率分配器 430、合路网络 540、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传 输线 280、 第二相位补偿传输线 281和第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384。 Doherty功率放大器 500的第二放大电路 120、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传输线 280、第二相位补偿传输线 281、第一阻抗变换元件 282 以及延迟器件 384与图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 300的相应电路元件类似, 在此不再赘述。
与图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 300不同的是, 第一功率分配器 430可以 包括第二阻抗变换元件 283和第二传输线 432。
Doherty功率放大器 500还包括: 第三功率分配器 512。至少一个辅助功 放支路包括: 多个辅助功放支路, 其中第三功率分配器 512的输入端通过第 一功率分配器 430与第一主功率放大器 511的输入端耦合, 第三功率分配器 512用于将第一功率分配器 430分配到多个辅助功放支路的信号分配到多个 辅助功放支路。
图 5的实施例以两个辅助功放支路为例进行说明。 第一辅助功放支路包 括相位补偿传输线 513、 第一级辅助功率放大器 514和第二级辅助功率放大 器 515; 第二辅助功放支路包括相位补偿传输线 516、 第一级辅助功率放大 器 517和第二级辅助功率放大器 518。
相应地, 合路网络 540包括: 第六阻抗变换元件 541、 第七阻抗变换元 件 542以及第三阻抗变换元件 543。 第六阻抗变换元件 541的第一端连接主 功放支路的输出端, 第六阻抗变换元件 541的第二端连接第一辅助放大支路 的输出端;第七阻抗变换元件 542的第一端连接第二辅助功放支路的输出端, 第七阻抗变换元件 542的第二端连接负载; 第三阻抗变换元件 543连接在第 一辅助功放支路的输出端与第二辅助功放支路的输出端之间。
具体而言, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第一端与第一阻抗变换元件 282的 第二端连接, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与第一主功率放大器 511的输 入端连接。 第二传输线 432的第一端与第三功率分配器 512的输入端, 第二 传输线 432的第二端通过阻抗 270接地。 第一主功率放大器 511的输出端与 第六阻抗变换元件 541的第一端连接。 第三功率分配器 512的第一输出端与 相位补偿传输线 513的第一端连接,相位补偿传输线 513的第二端与第一级 辅助功率放大器 514的输入端连接, 第一级辅助功率放大器 514的输出端与 第二级辅助功率放大器 515的输入端连接。 第三功率分配器 512的第二输出 端与相位补偿传输线 516的第一端连接,相位补偿传输线 516的第二端与第 一级辅助功率放大器 517的输入端连接, 第一级辅助功率放大器 517的输出 端与第二级辅助功率放大器 518的输入端连接。 第二级辅助功率放大器 515 的输出端与第六阻抗变换元件 541的第二端连接, 并且与第三阻抗变换元件 543的第一端连接, 第二级辅助功率放大器 518的输出端与第三阻抗变换元 件 543的第二端连接, 并且与第七阻抗变换元件 542的第一端连接, 第七阻 抗变换元件 542的第二端连接负载 160。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得
Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率, 并通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。
另外, 在釆用多个辅助功放支路的情况下, 辅助功放支路的辅助功率放 大器可以均偏置在 C类,并且多个辅助功放支路分别在不同输入功率门限开 启。 以 3Way Doherty ( 3路 Doherty )功率放大器为例, 当输入信号的功率 低于门限 1时, 只有主功放支路对输入信号有放大作用, 并且在门限 1达到 饱和; 当输入信号的功率高于门限 1时, 第一辅助功放支路启动, 对主功放 支路提供有源负载牵引, 并且在门限 2时, 第一辅助功放支路达到饱和, 在 从门限 1到门限 2之间, 第一主功率放大器始终处于饱和状态; 高于门限 2 时, 第二辅助功放支路启动, 对主功放支路和第一辅助功放支路提供有源负 载牵引, 直到最终 3个支路同时达到饱和输出, 在输入信号的功率高于门限 2 的过程中, 主功放支路和第一辅助功放支路始终处于饱和。 相比 2Way Doherty 多了一个峰值效率点, 可以在更大回退范围提供高效率, 适合更大 峰均比信号高效放大。 本领域技术人员应理解的是, 这种工作方式可以扩展 到 N Way Doherty
图 6是根据本发明的又一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 600的示意性电 路图。 图 6的 Doherty功率放大器 600是图 3和图 5的 Doherty功率放大器 100的例子, 在此适当省略详细的描述。
Doherty功率放大器 600包括: 第一放大电路 510、 第二放大电路 120、 第一功率分配器 430、合路网络 640、 第二功率分配器 150、 第二相位补偿传 输线 281、第一阻抗变换元件 282和第二阻抗变换元件 283以及延迟器件 384。 Doherty功率放大器 500的第一放大电路 510、 第二放大电路 120、 第一功率 分配器 430、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传输线 280、 第二相位补偿 传输线 281、 第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384与图 5的 Doherty功 率放大器 500的相应电路元件类似, 在此不再赘述。
与图 5的 Doherty功率放大器 500不同的是, 合路网络 640包括: 第六 阻抗变换元件 641、 第七阻抗变换元件 642、 第四阻抗变换元件 644和第五 阻抗变换元件 643。
第六阻抗变换元件 641的第一端连接主功放支路的输出端; 第七阻抗变 换元件 642的第一端连接第六阻抗变换元件的第二端, 第七阻抗变换元件的 第二端连接负载 160; 第四阻抗变换元件 644的第一端连接第一辅助功放支 路的输出端, 第四阻抗变换元件的第二端连接第二辅助功放支路的输出端; 第五阻抗变换元件 643的第一端连接第二辅助功放支路的输出端, 第五阻抗 变换元件 643的第二端连接第六阻抗变换元件的第二端。
具体而言, 第一辅助功放支路的第二级辅助功率放大器 515的输出端与 第四阻抗变换元件 644的第一端连接, 第二辅助功放支路的第二级辅助功率 放大器 518的输出端与第四阻抗变换元件 644的第二端连接, 并与第五阻抗 变换元件 643的第一端连接。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得
Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率, 并通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。
图 Ί是根据本发明的再一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 700的示意性电 路图。 图 7的 Doherty功率放大器 700是图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 100的 例子, 在此适当省略详细的描述。
Doherty功率放大器 700包括: 第一放大电路 710、 第二放大电路 120、 第一功率分配器 430、合路网络 540、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传 输线 280、 第二相位补偿传输线 281、 第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384。 Doherty功率放大器 700的第二放大电路 120、 第一功率分配器 430、 合路网络 540、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传输线 280、 第二相位补 偿传输线 281、 第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384与图 5的 Doherty 功率放大器 500的相应电路元件类似, 在此不再赘述。
Doherty功率放大器 700与图 5的 Doherty功率放大器 500不同的是, 第一放大电路 710包括:第一主功率放大器 711、第一级辅助功率放大器 712、 第三功率分配器 713和多个第二级辅助功率放大器, 例如, 第一辅助支路的 第二级辅助功率放大器 714和第二辅助支路的第二级辅助功率放大器 716, 第一级辅助功率放大器 712的输入端通过第一功率分配器 430与第一主功率 放大器 711的输入端耦合, 第三功率分配器 713的输入端与第一级辅助功率 放大器 712的输出端相连接, 第三功率分配器 713用于将第一级辅助功率放 大器 712输出的放大信号分配到多个第二级辅助功率放大器 714和 716。
具体而言, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第一端与相位补偿传输线 282的第 二端连接, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与第一主功率放大器 711的输入 端连接。第二传输线 432的第一端与第一相位补偿传输线 280的第一端连接, 第二传输线 432的第二端通过阻抗 270接地。 第一主功率放大器 711的输出 端与第六阻抗变换元件 541的第一端连接。 第一相位补偿传输线 280的第二 端与第一级辅助功率放大器 712的输入端连接。 第一级辅助功率放大器 712 的输出端与第三功率分配器 713的输入端连接。 第三功率分配器 713的第一 输出端与第二级辅助功率放大器 714的输入端连接, 第二级辅助功率放大器 714的输出端与第六阻抗变换元件 541的第二端连接, 并且与第三阻抗变换 元件 543的第一端连接。第三功率分配器 713的第二输出端与相位补偿传输 线 715的第一端连接,相位补偿传输线 715的第二端与第二级辅助功率放大 器 716的输入端连接, 第二级辅助功率放大器 716的输出端与第三阻抗变换 元件 543的第二端连接, 并且与第七阻抗变换元件 542的第一端连接, 第七 阻抗变换元件 542的第二端连接负载 160。
根据本发明的实施例, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得 Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率, 并通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。
另外, 本发明的实施例可以釆用一个辅助功率放大器作为驱动放大器来 驱动两个或多个辅助功放大器,通过调整作为驱动放大器的辅助功率放大器 和两个辅助功率放大器的偏置, 可以达到与前述实施例相同或类似的效果, 而且电路拓朴更简洁, 并且降低了制造难度和成本。
图 8是根据本发明的另一实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 800的示意性电 路图。 Doherty功率放大器 800是图 3的 Doherty功率放大器 100的例子, 在此适当省略详细的描述。
Doherty功率放大器 800包括: 第一放大电路 710、 第二放大电路 120、 第一功率分配器 430、合路网络 640、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传 输线 280、 第二相位补偿传输线 281、 第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384。 Doherty功率放大器 800的第一放大电路 710、 第二放大电路 120、 第 一功率分配器 430、 第二功率分配器 150、 第一相位补偿传输线 280、 第二相 位补偿传输线 281、第一阻抗变换元件 282以及延迟器件 384与图 7的 Doherty 功率放大器 700的相应电路元件类似,合路网络 640与图 6的相应电路元件 类似, 在此不再赘述。 第一功率分配器 430包括第二阻抗变换元件 283和第 二传输线 432。
具体而言, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第一端与第一相位补偿传输线 282 的第二端连接, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与第一主功率放大器 711的 输入端连接。 第二传输线 432的第一端与第一相位补偿传输线 280的第一端 连接, 第二传输线 432的第二端通过阻抗 270接地。 第一主功率放大器 711 的输出端与第六阻抗变换元件 641的第一端连接。 第一相位补偿传输线 280 的第二端与第一级辅助功率放大器 712的输入端连接。第一级辅助功率放大 器 712的输出端与第三功率分配器 713的输入端连接。 第三功率分配器 713 的第一输出端与第二级辅助功率放大器 714的输入端连接, 第二级辅助功率 放大器 714的输出端与第四阻抗变换元件 644的第一端连接, 第四阻抗变换 元件 644的第二端与第五阻抗变换元件 643的第一端连接。 第三功率分配器 713的第二输出端与相位补偿传输线 715的第一端连接,相位补偿传输线 715 的第二端与第二级辅助功率放大器 716的输入端连接, 第二级辅助功率放大 器 716的输出端与第四阻抗变换元件 644的第二端连接, 并且与第五阻抗变 换元件 643的第一端连接, 第五阻抗变换元件 643的第二端与第七阻抗变换 元件 642的第一端连接, 并且与第六阻抗变换元件 641的第二端连接, 第七 阻抗变换元件 642的第二端连接负载 160。
另外, 釆用一个辅助功率放大器作为驱动放大器来驱动两个或多个辅助 功放大器,通过调整作为驱动放大器的辅助功率放大器和两个辅助功率放大 器的偏置,可以达到与前述实施例相同或类似的效果,而且电路拓朴更简洁, 并且降低了制造难度和成本。
为了解决上述技术问题, 还可以在 Doherty功率放大器的辅助功率放大 器之前级联辅助功率放大器的驱动放大器, 并且在主功率放大器前级联主功 率放大器的驱动放大器,辅助功率放大器的驱动放大器也偏置在 C类或接近 C类, 使得辅助功率放大器的输出增益特性更陡峭, 从而使得辅助功率放大 器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和。 然而, 在该技术方案中, 由于主功率放大器的驱动放大器得不到有源负载牵 引作用, 在回退功率时的效率远低于饱和效率, 从而拉低了功率放大器的整 体效率。
本发明的实施例提出了一种 Doherty功率放大器, 能够提高功率放大器 的整体效率。
图 9示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的 Doherty功率放大器 900的电路 框图。 Doherty功率放大器 900包括: 第一放大电路 110、 第二放大电路 120 和第一功率分配器 130、 合路网络 140和第二功率分配器 150。
第一放大电路 110包括主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中主功 放支路包括第一主功率放大器 111, 至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅助功 放支路包括多级辅助功率放大器 112和 113, 主功放支路用于向主功放支路 的输出端输出放大信号, 至少一个辅助功放支路设置成在第一主功率放大器 111 的输出功率达到第一门限时向至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端输出放大 信号。
合路网络 140用于对第一放大电路 110进行阻抗变换, 并将主功放支路 的输出端与至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合到负载 160。
第二放大电路 120 包括并联连接的第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支 路, 第二主功放支路包括第二主功率放大器 121, 第二辅助功放支路包括至 少一级第二辅助功率放大器 122, 其中第二主功放支路用于向第二放大电路 120的输出端输出放大信号, 以驱动第一主功率放大器 111, 第二辅助功放 支路设置成在第二主功率放大器 121的输出功率达到第二门限时向第二放大 电路 120的输出端输出放大信号。
第一功率分配器 130, 耦合在第一放大电路 110与第二放大电路 120之 间, 用于将第一功率分配器 130的输入信号分配到主功放支路和至少一个辅 助功放支路。
第二功率分配器 150, 连接第二主功放支路的输入端和第二辅助功放支 路的输入端, 用于将多赫蒂功率放大器的输入信号分配到第二主功放支路和 第二辅助功放支路。
根据本发明的实施列, 可以通过级联的多级辅助功率放大器, 使得
Doherty 功率放大器中的辅助功率放大器在设定门限上更接近理想关断, 并 使得主功率放大器在设定门限上更接近饱和,从而能够提高了主功率放大器 的效率, 并通过与主功率放大器的驱动放大器并联的辅助功率放大器对驱动 放大器起到有源负载牵引作用,使得该驱动放大器在回退功率时的效率接近 于饱和效率, 从而提高了功率放大器的整体效率。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, Doherty功率放大器 900还包括: 第一阻抗 变换元件和第二阻抗变换元件, 用于对第二放大电路进行阻抗变换, 其中第 一阻抗变换元件与第二主功率放大器串联连接, 第二阻抗变换元件连接在第 一功率分配器与第一阻抗变换元件之间。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, Doherty功率放大器 900还包括: 第一阻抗 变换元件, 其中第一阻抗变换元件与第二主功率放大器串联连接, 其中第一 功率分配器包括第二阻抗变换元件和耦合传输线, 第二阻抗变换元件连接在 第二放大电路的输出端与主功放支路的输入端之间, 用于对第二放大电路进 行阻抗变换, 耦合传输线的一端与至少一个辅助功放支路的输入端连接, 耦 合传输线的另一端接地, 第一阻抗变换元件和第二阻抗变换元件用于对第二 放大电路进行阻抗变换。
根据本发明的实施例, 至少一级第二辅助功率放大器偏置在 B 类或 C 类, 第二主功率放大器偏置在 AB类。
根据本发明的实施例, 第一功率分配器为耦合器。
根据本发明的实施例, 多级辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类、 第一 主功率放大器偏置在 AB类。
根据本发明的实施例, 第一功率分配器为耦合器。
应理解, 图 2至图 8的实施例省略延迟器件 384之后可以作为图 9的实 施例的 Doherty功率放大器 900的例子, 在此不再赘述。 例如, 在图 2至图 4的实施例中省略延迟器件 384之后, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与第 一主功率放大器 211的输入端直接连接。 在图 5和图 6的实施例中, 省略延 迟器件 384之后, 第二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与第一主功率放大器 511 的输入端直接连接。 在图 7和图 8的实施例中, 省略延迟器件 384之后, 第 二阻抗变换元件 283的第二端与第一主功率放大器 711的输入端直接连接。
图 10是根据本发明的一个实施例的发射器 1000的结构示意图。
发射机 1000包括信号处理器 1010、信号放大器 1020和信号发射器 1030。 信号处理器 1010用于处理待发射的信号。 信号放大器 1020为如图 1A至图 9的实施例的 Doherty功率放大器, 用于放大经信号处理器处理的信号。 信 号发射器 1030用于发射经信号放大器放大后的信号。
例如, 发射机 1000可以为通信系统中的基站的发射机。 本发明的实施 例不限于此, 发射机 1000也可以是通信系统中其它通信设备的发射机。
本发明的实施例通过级联辅助功率放大器来提高辅助功放支路增益, 并 为主功放支路分配较多的功率, 从而提升了末级放大电路增益。 另外, 本发 明方案中设置了位于末级放大电路之前的驱动级放大电路, 用于驱动末级放 大电路, 并且在驱动级放大电路中为驱动放大器设置并联的辅助功率放大 器,从而为驱动放大器提供了有源负载牵引,提升了驱动级放大电路的效率, 从而提升了发射机的 Doherty功率放大器的整体效率, 相应地, 提高了发射 机的效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到, 结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各 示例的单元及算法步骤, 能够以电子硬件、 计算机软件或者二者的结合来实 现, 为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性, 在上述说明中已经按照功能一 般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执 行, 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。 专业技术人员可以对每个 特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超 出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到, 为描述的方便和简洁, 上述描 述的系统、 装置和单元的具体工作过程, 可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应 过程, 在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中, 应该理解到, 所揭露的系统、 装置和 方法, 可以通过其它的方式实现。 例如, 以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示 意性的, 例如, 所述单元的划分, 仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分, 实际实现时可 以有另外的划分方式, 例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个 系统, 或一些特征可以忽略, 或不执行。 另一点, 所显示或讨论的相互之间 的耦合或直接辆合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口, 装置或单元的间接耦合 或通信连接, 可以是电性, 机械或其它的形式。 为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元, 即可以位于一个地方, 或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或 者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外, 在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元 中, 也可以是各个单元单独物理存在, 也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一 个单元中。 上述集成的单元既可以釆用硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功 能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销 售或使用时, 可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。 基于这样的理解, 本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方 案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来, 该计算机软件产品存储在 一个存储介质中, 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算 机, 服务器, 或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部 分步骤。 而前述的存储介质包括: U盘、 移动硬盘、 只读存储器 (ROM, Read-Only Memory )、 随机存取存 4诸器 ( RAM, Random Access Memory )、 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易 想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护 范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 包括:
第一放大电路, 包括主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中所述主 功放支路包括第一主功率放大器, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅助 功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大器, 所述主功放支路用于向所述主功放支路 的输出端输出放大信号, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路设置成在所述第一主功 率放大器的输出功率达到第一门限时向所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输出 端输出放大信号;
延迟器件, 连接在所述主功放支路中, 用于补偿所述主功放支路与所述 至少一个辅助功放支路之间的时延差;
合路网络, 用于对所述第一放大电路进行阻抗变换, 并将所述主功放支 路的输出端与所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合到负载;
第一功率分配器, 连接所述主功放支路的输入端和所述至少一个辅助功 放支路的输入端,用于将所述第一功率分配器的输入信号分配到所述主功放 支路和所述至少一个辅助功放支路。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 还包括: 第二放大电路, 包括并联连接的第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支路, 所述第二主功放支路包括第二主功率放大器, 所述第二辅助功放支路包括至 少一级第二辅助功率放大器, 其中所述主功放支路用于向所述第二放大电路 的输出端输出放大信号, 以驱动所述第一主功率放大器, 所述第二辅助功放 支路设置成在所述第二主功率放大器的输出功率达到第二门限时向所述第 二放大电路的输出端输出放大信号;
第二功率分配器, 连接所述第二主功放支路的输入端和所述第二辅助功 放支路的输入端,用于将所述多赫蒂功率放大器的输入信号分配到所述第二 主功放支路和所述第二辅助功放支路;
其中, 所述第一功率分配器耦合在所述第一放大电路与所述第二放大电 路之间, 用于将所述第二放大电路输出的放大信号分配到所述主功放支路的 和所述至少一个辅助功放支路。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件和第二阻抗变换元件,用于对所述第二放大电路进行阻抗 变换, 其中所述第一阻抗变换元件与所述第二主功率放大器串联连接, 所述 第二阻抗变换元件连接在所述第一功率分配器与所述第一阻抗变换元件之 间。
4、 根据权利要求 2任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 还 包括: 第一阻抗变换元件, 其中所述第一阻抗变换元件与所述第二主功率放 大器串联连接, 其中所述第一功率分配器包括第二阻抗变换元件和耦合传输 线, 所述第二阻抗变换元件连接在所述第二放大电路的输出端与所述主功放 支路的输入端之间, 用于对所述第二放大电路进行阻抗变换, 所述辆合传输 线的一端与所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输入端连接, 所述辆合传输线的另 一端接地, 所述第一阻抗变换元件和所述第二阻抗变换元件用于对所述第二 放大电路进行阻抗变换。
5、 根据权利要求 2至 4中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征 在于, 还包括: 至少一个第二相位补偿传输线, 设置在所述第二主功放支路 和 /或所述第二辅助功放支路中,用于调整所述第二主功放支路与所述第二辅 助功放支路之间的相位差。
6、 根据权利要求 2至 5中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征 在于, 所述至少一级第二辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类, 所述第二主 功率放大器偏置在 AB类。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 3中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征 在于, 所述第一功率分配器为耦合器。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征 在于, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 一个辅助功放支路, 所述辅助功放 支路的多级辅助功率放大器串联连接在所述辅助功放支路的输入端与所述 辅助功放支路的输出端之间。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 7中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征 在于, 还包括: 第三功率分配器, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 多个辅 助功放支路, 其中所述第三功率分配器的输入端通过所述第一功率分配器与 所述第一主功率放大器的输入端耦合, 所述第三功率分配器用于将所述第一 功率分配器输出的信号分配到所述多个辅助功放支路。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 7中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征 在于, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路包括: 第三功率分配器、 一个第一级辅助 功率放大器和多个第二级辅助功率放大器, 所述第一级辅助功率放大器的输 入端通过所述第一功率分配器与所述第一主功率放大器的输入端耦合, 所述 第三功率分配器的输入端与所述第一级辅助功率放大器的输出端相连接, 所 述第三功率分配器用于将所述第一级辅助功率放大器输出的放大信号分配 到所述多个第二级辅助功率放大器。
11、 根据权利要求 1至 10中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特 征在于, 还包括: 至少一个第一相位补偿传输线, 设置在所述主功放支路和 /或所述少一个辅助功放支路中,用于调整所述主功放支路与所述至少一个辅 助功放支路之间的相位差。
12、 根据权利要求 1至 11中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特 征在于, 所述多级辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类、 所述第一主功率放 大器偏置在 AB类。
13、 根据权利要求 1至 12中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特 征在于,所述合路网络包括: 至少一个阻抗变换器,所述延迟器件为延迟线。
14、 一种多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 包括:
第一放大电路, 包括主功放支路和至少一个辅助功放支路, 其中所述主 功放支路包括第一主功率放大器, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路中的每个辅助 功放支路包括多级辅助功率放大器, 所述主功放支路用于向所述主功放支路 的输出端输出放大信号, 所述至少一个辅助功放支路设置成在所述第一主功 率放大器的输出功率达到第一门限时向所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输出 端输出放大信号;
合路网络, 用于对所述第一放大电路进行阻抗变换, 并将所述主功放支 路的输出端与所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输出端耦合到负载;
第二放大电路, 包括并联连接的第二主功放支路和第二辅助功放支路, 所述第二主功放支路包括第二主功率放大器, 所述第二辅助功放支路包括至 少一级第二辅助功率放大器, 其中所述第二主功放支路用于向所述第二放大 电路的输出端输出放大信号, 以驱动所述第一主功率放大器, 所述第二辅助 功放支路设置成在所述第二主功率放大器的输出功率达到第二门限时向所 述第二放大电路的输出端输出放大信号;
第一功率分配器, 耦合在所述第一放大电路与所述第二放大电路之间, 用于将所述第一功率分配器的输入信号分配到所述主功放支路和所述至少 一个辅助功放支路; 第二功率分配器, 连接所述第二主功放支路的输入端和所述第二辅助功 放支路的输入端,用于将所述多赫蒂功率放大器的输入信号分配到所述第二 主功放支路和所述第二辅助功放支路。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件和第二阻抗变换元件,用于对所述第二放大电路进行阻抗 变换, 其中所述第一阻抗变换元件与所述第二主功率放大器串联连接, 所述 第二阻抗变换元件连接在所述第一功率分配器与所述第一阻抗变换元件之 间。
16、 根据权利要求 14任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 还包括: 第一阻抗变换元件, 其中所述第一阻抗变换元件与所述第二主功率 放大器串联连接,其中所述第一功率分配器包括第二阻抗变换元件和耦合传 输线, 所述第二阻抗变换元件连接在所述第二放大电路的输出端与所述主功 放支路的输入端之间, 用于对所述第二放大电路进行阻抗变换, 所述辆合传 输线的一端与所述至少一个辅助功放支路的输入端连接, 所述辆合传输线的 另一端接地, 所述第一阻抗变换元件和所述第二阻抗变换元件用于对所述第 二放大电路进行阻抗变换。
17、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 所 述至少一级第二辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类, 所述第二主功率放大 器偏置在 AB类。
18、 根据权利要求 14所述多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特征在于, 所述第一 功率分配器为耦合器。
19、 根据权利要求 14至 18中的任一项所述的多赫蒂功率放大器, 其特 征在于, 所述多级辅助功率放大器偏置在 B类或 C类、 所述第一主功率放 大器偏置在 AB类。
20、 一种发射机, 其特征在于, 包括:
信号处理器, 用于处理待发射的信号;
信号放大器, 所述信号放大器为如权利要求 1至 19中的任一项所述的 多赫蒂功率放大器, 用于放大经所述信号处理器处理的信号;
信号发射器, 用于发射经所述信号放大模块放大后的信号。
PCT/CN2014/078630 2014-05-28 2014-05-28 多赫蒂功率放大器和发射机 Ceased WO2015180064A1 (zh)

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