WO2016037352A1 - 极片涂层的移除方法 - Google Patents

极片涂层的移除方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016037352A1
WO2016037352A1 PCT/CN2014/086400 CN2014086400W WO2016037352A1 WO 2016037352 A1 WO2016037352 A1 WO 2016037352A1 CN 2014086400 W CN2014086400 W CN 2014086400W WO 2016037352 A1 WO2016037352 A1 WO 2016037352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole piece
coating
coating according
electrode plate
solvent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/086400
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张玢
何平
赵义
方宏新
程文强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd, Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to JP2017508671A priority Critical patent/JP2017526128A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2014/086400 priority patent/WO2016037352A1/zh
Priority to EP14901768.3A priority patent/EP3190646A4/en
Priority to KR1020177004931A priority patent/KR20170036005A/ko
Priority to CN201480081503.4A priority patent/CN106797015A/zh
Publication of WO2016037352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016037352A1/zh
Priority to US15/444,179 priority patent/US20170170454A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
    • B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/04—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by a combination of operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage devices, and more particularly to a method for removing a pole piece coating.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have received wide attention due to their high energy density and environmental friendliness. They have been widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones and notebook computers, and with the development of electric vehicle technology, lithium-ion batteries are in the field of electric vehicles. The application is also getting more and more attention.
  • the manufacturing speed of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries is difficult to improve. This is because, in the process of manufacturing lithium-ion batteries, an important process that affects the manufacturing speed of lithium-ion batteries is to solder the tabs on the pole pieces of lithium-ion batteries, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, due to the coating, On the sheet 1 is a continuous coating 12, or the welding of the tabs needs to be welded in the middle of the pole piece. In order to achieve the welding of the tabs on the pole piece 1, the electrode area to be soldered on the pole piece 1 is first removed ( Or referred to as the coating 12 on the region R to be removed.
  • the principle of laser removal is that under the action of the laser, the coating absorbs a certain amount of energy, and the coating particles are vaporized, sublimated, and vibrated, thereby being removed. Since the energy distribution of the laser beam emitted by the laser is generally Gaussian, the distributed laser beam has high intermediate energy and low edge energy. The removal of the coating 12 on the pole piece 1 requires a certain range of energy, so in the laser beam in which the energy is Gaussian, the middle portion of the higher energy is likely to damage the foil (because of the set of the pole piece 1 of the battery)
  • the fluid 11 is generally a copper foil and an aluminum foil having a thickness of a few micrometers to a dozen micrometers.
  • the stress of the coating 12 is changed due to heat, which causes the pole piece 1 to be deformed, and the residual stress is removed after the coating 12 is removed.
  • the release pole piece 1 also produces a slight amount of deformation, which in turn affects the welding of subsequent tabs.
  • an inert gas is blown toward the removed region of the pole piece 1 by ejecting a gas stream to effect cleaning and cooling of the pole piece 1.
  • this method does not completely remove the particles on the removed area, leaving the particles to remain around the removed area, affecting the performance of the battery.
  • the present application provides a method for removing a pole piece coating, the pole piece comprising a current collector and a coating coated on at least one surface of the current collector, comprising the steps of: (1) wetting with a solvent a coating on the pole piece to be removed; (2) a laser beam illuminating the coating of the region to be removed on the pole piece to vaporize the solvent of the coating on the layer to be removed on the pole piece to defeat a coating on the pole piece to be removed, thereby exposing the current collector at the region to be removed on the pole piece; and (c) removing the coating residue produced in step (2).
  • the coating of the region to be removed on the pole piece is wetted in advance by using a solvent, and after the laser beam is irradiated onto the wetted pole piece, the solvent present in the pole piece can absorb the energy of the laser beam and instantaneously vaporize, or
  • the coated particles absorb the energy of the laser and transmit heat through the interface, so that the instantaneous temperature rise at the interface between the particles of the coating and the solvent far exceeds the vaporization (evaporation) temperature of the solvent, forming an explosive evaporation of the liquid, resulting in a strong transient.
  • Under pressure under the action of huge pressure, the particles of the coating are peeled off from the current collector to achieve the effect of removing the particles of the coating.
  • the instantaneous pressure does not damage the pole piece, and the energy of the laser is absorbed directly or indirectly by the solvent, and the current collector of the pole piece is not damaged, and at the same time, since the coating on the pole piece is When the pressure generated by the instantaneous vaporization of the solvent is removed, the stress released by the coating after being peeled off is small, thereby avoiding deformation of the pole piece.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a pole piece in a method of removing a pole piece coating according to the present application
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a pole piece in a method of removing a pole piece coating according to the present application;
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a pole piece in a method of removing a pole piece coating according to the present application
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view of Figure 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a pole piece in a method of removing a pole piece coating according to the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view of Figure 7.
  • the pole piece 1 includes a current collector 11 and a coating 12 coated on at least one surface of the current collector 11, including the steps of: One) The coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 is wetted with a solvent; (2) the laser beam illuminates the coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 so as to be wetted on the pole piece 1 The solvent of the coating 12 of the region R to be removed is vaporized to break the coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1, so that the current collector 11 at the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 is exposed. And (iii) removing the coating residue produced in step (ii).
  • the coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 is wetted in advance using a solvent, after the laser beam is irradiated onto the wetted pole piece 1,
  • the solvent present in the pole piece 1 can absorb the energy of the laser beam and instantaneously vaporize, or the particles of the coating 12 absorb the energy of the laser, and the instantaneous temperature rise at the interface between the particles of the coating 12 and the solvent through the interface heat transfer.
  • the vaporization (evaporation) temperature of the solvent it forms an explosive evaporation of the liquid, which generates a strong transient pressure.
  • the particles of the coating 12 are peeled off from the current collector 11 to remove the coating 12 The role of the particles. Since the pressure is generated instantaneously, the instantaneous pressure does not damage the pole piece 1, and the energy of the laser light is directly or indirectly absorbed by the solvent, and the current collector 11 of the pole piece 1 is not damaged, and at the same time, due to the pole piece 1
  • the coating 12 is removed by the pressure generated by the instantaneous vaporization of the solvent, and the stress released by the coating 12 after being peeled off is small, thereby avoiding deformation of the pole piece 1.
  • the current collector 11 exposed from the removal region of the coating 12 can be used to weld the tabs.
  • the coating 12 of the pole piece 1 may comprise an active material, a binder, and a conductive agent.
  • one surface of the current collector 11 may be coated with a coating 12.
  • the coating 12 of the region to be removed R on the pole piece 1 is shown in one place, but in practice, the position of the coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece is shown.
  • the shape, the number, and the number are not limited thereto, and may be changed as needed.
  • the steps (1) to (3) may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously.
  • both surfaces of the current collector 11 may be coated with the coating 12.
  • both surfaces of the current collector 11 are coated with a coating 12 which is mirror symmetrical about the current collector 11.
  • two of the current collectors 11 The surface coated with the coating 12 is not mirror symmetrical about the current collector 11.
  • the two surfaces of the current collector 11 are coated with the coating 12 not mirror-symmetrically centered on the current collector 11.
  • the two surfaces of the current collector 11 are coated with a coating 12 portion which is mirror symmetrical about the current collector 11.
  • the position, shape, and number of the coating layers 12 of the region R to be removed, respectively, on both surfaces of the current collector 11 of the pole piece are not limited thereto, and may be changed as needed. Meanwhile, for the coating 12 of the region R to be removed of different positions, shapes and numbers, the steps (1) to (3) may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously.
  • the pole piece 1 is a positive electrode piece or a negative electrode piece.
  • the pole piece 1 may be a pole piece of a lithium ion battery.
  • the solvent may be provided with a property capable of absorbing laser energy.
  • the solvent may be provided with a property capable of dissolving the binder in the coating 12.
  • the bonding force between the particles of the coating layer 12 on the pole piece 1 can be reduced.
  • the pressure generated by the solvent absorbing the energy of the laser beam is more likely to be caused by the vaporization.
  • the particles of the coating 12 are peeled off from the current collector 11 to achieve a better cleaning effect.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, N-methylpyrrolidone NMP, dimethylformamide DMF, triethyl phosphate (TEP), and dimethyl At least one of acetamide (DMAC) and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO.
  • a step may be further included between the step (1) and the step (2): fixing the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 .
  • the fixing manner may be at least one of vacuum adsorption fixing and tensile fixing.
  • the thickness of the coating layer 12 coated on one surface of the pole piece 1 is from 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the laser beam may be a flat top beam.
  • the energy distribution of the laser beam of the flat-top light source is flat and uniform, and the occurrence of the unremoved region R of the to-be-removed region on the pole piece 1 caused by the uneven energy of the laser beam can be avoided, and the laser beam can be avoided.
  • the energy distribution is uneven, resulting in deformation of the pole piece 1 due to uneven heating. Place All of the energy of the flat-top beam is fully utilized in an optimal manner. The closer the flatness is to 1, the better.
  • the power of the laser may be from 20 W to 500 W. If the power of the laser is too low, the coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 cannot be effectively removed, and if the power is too low, multiple removals are required to remove the coating 12, and the pole piece 1 is added. Thermal denaturation, if the power of the laser is too high, too much heat will cause the pole piece 1 to generate an excessive heat affected zone, and may also damage the current collector 11.
  • the laser beam can strike the coating 12 of the region R to be removed on the pole piece 1 by galvanometer scanning.
  • the galvanometer scan ensures that the laser head does not move, thereby improving the quality of the laser beam to be removed, removing the stability, removing the size accurately, and easily achieving mass production.
  • the third step may be at least one of a vacuum suction and a gas flow. Thereby, the particles on the coating removal area can be completely removed.
  • the step (3) further comprises the step of removing the coating residue by a dusty method to assist in further cleaning.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种极片涂层的移除方法，极片包括集流体和涂覆在集流体的至少一个表面上的涂层，包括步骤：（一）使用溶剂润湿极片上的待移除区域的涂层；（二）激光束照射极片上的该待移除区域的涂层，以使浸润极片上的该待移除区域的涂层的溶剂气化，以击溃极片上的该待移除区域的涂层，从而使极片上该待移除区域处的集流体露出；以及（三）清除在步骤（二）中产生的涂层残留物。使用溶剂提前将极片上的待移除区域的涂层润湿，在激光束照射到润湿的极片上后，存在于极片中的溶剂吸收激光束的能量而瞬间气化，产生很强的瞬态压力，在巨大压力的作用下，涂层的颗粒从集流体上剥离，达到移除涂层的颗粒的作用，从而不会损伤到极片且能避免极片变形。

Description

极片涂层的移除方法 技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件领域，尤其涉及一种极片涂层的移除方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池因其具有能量密度高、环境友好等优点而受到广泛的关注，在手机、笔记本电脑等电子设备中得到了广泛应用，并且随着电动汽车技术的发展，锂离子电池在电动汽车领域的应用也越来越受到关注。
尽管市场对锂离子电池的需求越来越大，高能量密度的锂离子电池的制造速度却很难得到提高。这是因为：在制造锂离子电池的工序中，影响锂离子电池制造速度的一个重要工序就是在锂离子电池的极片上焊接极耳，如图1和图2所示，由于涂布时，极片1上是连续的涂层12，或者极耳的焊接需要在极片的中间部位焊接，为了实现极耳在极片1上的焊接，首先要移除极片1上待焊接极耳区域(或者称之为待移除区域R)上的涂层12。而且，在一些特殊的电池生产工艺中，还需要在电池的极片1的不同位置移除不同形状的涂层12。例如，如图3和4所示，有时还需要在极片1的两个表面上的对应位置移除待移除区域R上的涂层12。
目前常用的移除方法包括机械刮除移除法和化学移除法，但两种移除方法存在着很多问题：机械移除难以保证移除的洁净度，特别是在薄极片中还容易刮伤极片；化学移除则对环境造成了一定的伤害，存在着工作环境差和生产效率低等缺点。针对以上两种方法存在的不足，于2012年11月13日授权公告的美国专利号为US8309880B2的专利文献公开了一种采用激光移除极片上的涂层的方法，解决了上述两种移除方法存在的问题。
但是，该专利中的方法存在以下不足：
第一，激光移除的原理是：在激光的作用下，涂层吸收一定的能量，涂层颗粒发生气化、升华和振动等，从而被移除。由于激光器发出的激光束的能量分布一般都是高斯分布，这种分布的激光束中间能量高、边缘能量较低。 而移除极片1上的涂层12需要一定范围内的能量，所以这种能量呈高斯分布的激光束中，能量较高的中间部分容易伤害到箔材(因为电池的极片1的集流体11一般为铜箔和铝箔，厚度为几微米到十几微米，这部分高能量很容易将铜箔或铝箔穿透)，影响移除质量和极耳的焊接质量；而边缘的能量又低于移除需要的能量，这样就造成涂层的残留，也同样影响了移除的质量。同时这些高能量和低能量由于不能被有效的利用而使得能量的利用率很低。
第二，采用激光移除极片1的涂层12的过程中，在激光的作用下涂层12因受热，应力会发生变化，进而导致极片1变形，涂层12被去除后由于残余应力的释放极片1也会产生微量变形，进而影响后续极耳的焊接。
第三，该专利中通过喷出气流的方式将惰性气体吹向极片1的移除后的区域，以实现对极片1的清洁和冷却。但是，这种方法不能完全的清除移除后的区域上的颗粒，从而会使颗粒残留在移除后的区域的周围，影响电池的性能。
第四，在移除过程中激光在拐角处要不停的加速、减速，从而导致激光头移动进行移除的品质不稳定、移除的尺寸不精准，所以这种方法很难实现量产化。
发明内容
鉴于背景技术中存在的问题，本申请的目的在于提供一种极片涂层的移除方法，其能避免极片受到损伤。
本申请的目的在于提供一种极片涂层的移除方法，其能避免极片变形。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供了一种极片涂层的移除方法，极片包括集流体和涂覆在集流体的至少一个表面上的涂层，包括步骤：(一)使用溶剂润湿极片上的待移除区域的涂层；(二)激光束照射极片上的该待移除区域的涂层，以使浸润极片上的该待移除区域的涂层的溶剂气化，以击溃极片上的该待移除区域的涂层，从而使极片上该待移除区域处的集流体露出；以及(三)清除在步骤(二)中产生的涂层残留物。
本申请的有益效果如下：
使用溶剂提前将极片上的待移除区域的涂层润湿，在激光束照射到润湿的极片上后，存在于极片中的溶剂能够吸收激光束的能量而瞬间气化，或者 涂层的颗粒吸收激光的能量，通过界面传热，使涂层的颗粒与溶剂的界面处的瞬间温升远超过溶剂的汽化(蒸发)温度,形成液体的爆炸性蒸发,产生很强的瞬态压力，在巨大压力的作用下，涂层的颗粒从集流体上剥离，从而达到移除涂层的颗粒的作用。由于压力是瞬间产生的，所以瞬时的压力不会伤到极片，并且激光的能量被溶剂直接或间接地吸收，极片的集流体不会受到损伤，同时，由于极片上的涂层是在溶剂瞬间气化产生的压力的作用下被移除的，涂层被剥离后释放出的应力很小，从而避免了极片的变形。
附图说明
图1为根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中的极片的一实施例的俯视图；
图2为图1的正视图；
图3为根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中的极片的一实施例的俯视图；
图4为图3的正视图；
图5为根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中的极片的一实施例的俯视图；
图6为图5的正视图。
图7为根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中的极片的一实施例的俯视图；
图8为图7的正视图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1极片        12涂层
11集流体     R待移除区域
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来详细说明根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法。
参照图1至图8，在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，极片1包括集流体11和涂覆在集流体11的至少一个表面上的涂层12，包括步骤：(一) 使用溶剂润湿极片1上的待移除区域R的涂层12；(二)激光束照射极片1上的该待移除区域R的涂层12，以使浸润极片1上的该待移除区域R的涂层12的溶剂气化，以击溃极片1上的该待移除区域R的涂层12，从而使极片1上该待移除区域R处的集流体11露出；以及(三)清除在步骤(二)中产生的涂层残留物。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，使用溶剂提前将极片1上的待移除区域R的涂层12润湿，在激光束照射到润湿的极片1上后，存在于极片1中的溶剂能够吸收激光束的能量而瞬间气化，或者涂层12的颗粒吸收激光的能量，通过界面传热，使涂层12的颗粒与溶剂的界面处的瞬间温升远超过溶剂的汽化(蒸发)温度,形成液体的爆炸性蒸发,产生很强的瞬态压力，在巨大压力的作用下，涂层12的颗粒从集流体11上剥离，从而达到移除涂层12的颗粒的作用。由于压力是瞬间产生的，所以瞬时的压力不会伤到极片1，并且激光的能量被溶剂直接或间接地吸收，极片1的集流体11不会受到损伤，同时，由于极片1上的涂层12是在溶剂瞬间气化产生的压力的作用下被移除的，涂层12被剥离后释放出的应力很小，从而避免了极片1的变形。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，涂层12移除区域露出的集流体11可用于焊接极耳。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，极片1的涂层12可包含有活性材料、粘结剂和导电剂。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，参照图1和图2，集流体11的一个表面可涂覆有涂层12。在图1和图2示出的例子中，极片1上的待移除区域R的涂层12示出为一处，但实际中，待移除区域R的涂层12在极片上的位置、形状、及数量不限于此，均可以根据需要改变。同时，对于不同位置、形状及数量的待移除区域R的涂层12，可以分步或同时进行步骤(一)～(三)。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，参照图3和图4、图5和图6、图7和图8，集流体11的两个表面可涂覆有涂层12。
在图3和图4示出的例子中，集流体11的两个表面涂覆有涂层12以集流体11为中心呈镜像对称。在图5和图6示出的例子中，集流体11的两个 表面涂覆有涂层12不以集流体11为中心呈镜像对称。在图7和图8示出的例子中，集流体11的两个表面涂覆有涂层12不以集流体11为中心呈镜像对称。在图7和图8示出的例子中，集流体11的两个表面涂覆有涂层12部分以集流体11为中心呈镜像对称。在实际中，待移除区域R的涂层12分别在极片的集流体11的两个表面上的位置、形状、及数量均不限于此，均可以根据需要改变。同时，对于不同位置、形状及数量的待移除区域R的涂层12，可以分步或同时进行步骤(一)～(三)。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，极片1为正极极片或负极极片。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，极片1可为锂离子电池的极片。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，溶剂可具备能够吸收激光能量的性质。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，溶剂可具备能够溶解涂层12中的粘结剂的性质。由此，可以降低极片1上涂层12的颗粒之间的结合力，在激光束照射到润湿的极片1上后，溶剂吸收激光束的能量瞬间气化后产生的压力更容易使涂层12的颗粒从集流体11上剥离，从而达到更好的清洗效果。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，溶剂选自水、N-甲基吡咯烷酮NMP、二甲基甲酰胺DMF、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)、二甲基亚砜DMSO中的至少一种。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，在步骤(一)和步骤(二)之间还可包括步骤：将极片1上的待移除区域R固定。在一实施例中，固定方式可为真空吸附固定、拉伸固定中的至少一种。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，涂覆在极片1的一个表面上的涂层12的厚度为30μm-200μm。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，激光束可为平顶光束。
平顶光源激光束的能量分布呈平坦曲线状、分布均匀，可避免激光束能量不均匀导致的极片1上的待移除区域R移除不干净的情况的发生，同时可避免因激光束能量分布不均匀，导致的极片1因受热不均匀产生的变形。所 述平顶光束的所有能量都以最佳方式被充分利用。平顶率(Flatness)越接近1越好。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，激光的功率可为20W-500W。如果激光的功率过低，不能有效地将极片1上的待移除区域R的涂层12移除干净，而且功率过低的话需要多次移除才能去除涂层12，增加极片1的热变性，如果激光的功率过高，产生的热量过多会使极片1产生过大的热影响区域，同时也可能会伤害到集流体11。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，激光束可通过振镜扫描的方式击溃极片1上待移除区域R的涂层12。振镜扫描可保证激光头不动，从而提高激光束进行移除的品质，移除稳定、移除尺寸精准，易实现量产化。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，在一实施例中，步骤三可采取的方式是负压吸除、气流吹扫中的至少一种。由此，能够完全地清除涂层移除区域上的颗粒。
在根据本申请的极片涂层的移除方法中，步骤(三)之后还包括步骤：通过粘尘方式清除涂层残留物，以起到辅助的进一步的清洁作用。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种极片涂层的移除方法，极片(1)包括集流体(11)和涂覆在集流体(11)的至少一个表面上的涂层(12)，其特征在于，包括步骤：
    (一)使用溶剂润湿极片(1)上的待移除区域(R)的涂层(12)；
    (二)激光束照射极片(1)上的该待移除区域(R)的涂层(12)，以使浸润极片(1)上的该待移除区域(R)的涂层(12)的溶剂气化，以击溃极片(1)上的该待移除区域(R)的涂层(12)，从而使极片(1)上该待移除区域(R)处的集流体(11)露出；以及
    (三)清除在步骤(二)中产生的涂层残留物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，涂层(12)移除区域露出的集流体(11)用于焊接极耳。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，集流体(11)的两个表面涂覆有涂层(12)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，极片(1)为正极极片或负极极片。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，极片(1)为锂离子电池的极片。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，极片(1)的涂层(12)中包含有活性材料、粘结剂和导电剂。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，溶剂具备能够吸收激光能量的性质。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，溶剂具备能够溶解涂层(12)中的粘结剂的性质。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，溶剂选自水、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中的至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，在步骤(一)和步骤(二)之间还包括步骤：将极片(1)上的待移除区域(R)固定。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，固定方式为真空吸附固定、拉伸固定中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，涂覆在极片(1)的一个表面上的涂层(12)的厚度为30μm-200μm。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，激光束为平顶光束。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，激光的功率为20W-500W。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，激光束通过振镜扫描的方式击溃极片(1)上待移除区域(R)的涂层(12)。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，步骤(三)采取的方式是负压吸除、气流吹扫中的至少一种。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的极片涂层的移除方法，其特征在于，步骤(三)之后还包括步骤：
    通过粘尘方式清除涂层残留物。
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CN112792006A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-14 比亚迪股份有限公司 极片活性物质的清除方法及清除设备

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