WO2016065501A1 - 一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统 - Google Patents

一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016065501A1
WO2016065501A1 PCT/CN2014/001147 CN2014001147W WO2016065501A1 WO 2016065501 A1 WO2016065501 A1 WO 2016065501A1 CN 2014001147 W CN2014001147 W CN 2014001147W WO 2016065501 A1 WO2016065501 A1 WO 2016065501A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
sleeve
shaft
sensing system
torque
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2014/001147
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高峰
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TAICANG YUEBO ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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TAICANG YUEBO ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/522,925 priority Critical patent/US10308314B2/en
Priority to EP14904670.8A priority patent/EP3213986B1/en
Publication of WO2016065501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016065501A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B62M11/145—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears built in, or adjacent to, the bottom bracket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B62M11/16—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears built in, or adjacent to, the ground-wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/55—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
    • G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
    • G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
    • G01L3/108—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving resistance strain gauges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/22—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the force applied to control members, e.g. control members of vehicles, triggers
    • G01L5/225—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the force applied to control members, e.g. control members of vehicles, triggers to foot actuated controls, e.g. brake pedals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensing system for a central axis torque, in particular to a central axis torque sensing system for a centrally mounted electric bicycle.
  • a central axis torque sensing system for an electric bicycle comprising a motor and a controller, the controller being disposed outside the motor, and the controller controlling the motor to output a constant power to provide assistance for human pedaling.
  • This kind of motor drive system can't be assisted by the specific requirements of the rider.
  • the torque sensor is transmitted to the controller through a signal transmitter, and the torque sensor reacts to a real pedal condition. Meanwhile, the motor drive system Provide assistance based on the specific requirements of the rider.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a center axis torque sensing system for a mid-mounted electric bicycle.
  • the strain sleeve on the electric bicycle is connected to the sprocket bracket at one end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the center shaft, and the pedal is fixed.
  • the force is transmitted directly to the strain sleeve through the center shaft, and then the torque sensor on the surface of the strain sleeve generates a signal that is transmitted to the controller to control the output of the motor.
  • the torque sensor reacts to the actual pedaling situation; at the same time, the motor drive system provides the corresponding assistance according to the specific requirements of the rider.
  • Medium-axis torque sensing system for mid-mounted electric bicycle including central shaft and center motor And the controller also includes a torque sensor, a strain sleeve, wherein:
  • the controller is connected to the torque sensor and the center motor, respectively.
  • the motor includes a main housing, a coil stator, a rotor, a motor output gear shaft, a planetary reduction mechanism, and a double ratchet clutch.
  • strain sleeve One end of the strain sleeve is connected to the double ratchet clutch, the other end is set on the central shaft, and is fixedly connected with the central shaft, and the torque sensor is mounted on the sleeve;
  • the motor output gear shaft is sleeved on the central shaft and integrated with the motor rotor, the coil stator is fixed on the main casing, and the rotor is wrapped outside the coil stator and outputted with the motor
  • the gear shaft is fixedly coupled, the planetary reduction mechanism is disposed in the main housing, and the motor output gear shaft is meshed with the planetary reduction mechanism through a gear.
  • the double ratchet clutch is formed by axially superimposing two ratchet wheels with opposite stopping directions, and is divided into an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring, and the middle ring is fixedly connected with the sprocket bracket of the electric bicycle.
  • the inner ring is connected to the strain sleeve or the central shaft, and the outer ring is connected to the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism.
  • a magnetic steel is embedded in the rotor.
  • an inner surface of the strain sleeve is attached to an outer surface of the central shaft.
  • the torque sensor is coupled to a signal transmitter for transmitting a torque signal to the controller.
  • a part of the inner ring of the double ratchet clutch is connected to the sleeve through the first spline, the key teeth of the first spline and the key groove are in a torque stroke clearance fit, and the other part is slid on the central axis.
  • a part of the inner ring of the double ratchet clutch is connected to the sleeve through the first spline, and the other part is connected to the middle shaft through the second spline, and the key teeth and the key groove of the second spline are in a torque stroke clearance fit.
  • the sleeve detects the torque of the sleeve, transmits the detection signal to the controller, and the controller adjusts the motor output according to the detected signal to provide corresponding assistance for the human pedaling, and Meet the needs of the rider.
  • the design of the invention avoids the phenomenon that the left and right foot detection imbalance occurs in the currently existing torque sensing system during measurement, and not only the measured radial torque accurately reflects the pedaling force, but also whether it is the left foot or When the right foot is stepped on, the sprocket bracket is driven by the strain sleeve, thereby ensuring the smoothness of riding and increasing the comfort of riding.
  • the strain sleeve Since the strain sleeve is sleeved on the middle shaft, it is a sliding fit, and there is a certain matching gap between the two, so even if an abnormal situation occurs, such as when the bicycle is parked, someone steps on the pedal, and the middle shaft A slight amount of lever deformation is generated, which is greatly attenuated after being transmitted to the strain sleeve through the matching gap, and the rigidity of the middle shaft is strong, and the amount of deformation itself is small. At this time, the torque detected by the strain sleeve is much smaller than that during normal pedaling. The torque, therefore, the electric vehicle will not start the output motor driving force, and will give a wrong action, overcoming the common defects of the current central axis torque sensing system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a center axis torque sensing system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a primary spline in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a two-stage spline in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a spline in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mid-motor torque transmission system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a center axle torque sensing system for a mid-mounted electric bicycle, comprising a center axle 1, a strain sleeve 8, a sprocket bracket 10, a torque sensor 7, and a five-way.
  • One end of the strain sleeve 8 is fixed on the five-way through the bearing 2 and connected to the sprocket support 10, and the other end is set on the middle shaft 1, and is fixedly connected with the central shaft, and the inner surface of the strain sleeve is fitted to the outer shaft. The surface, the sleeve and the center shaft will only undergo a slight amount of rotation without swaying up and down.
  • a torque sensor 7 is attached to the outer surface of the strain sleeve, and the torque sensor is connected to the signal transmitter to transmit a torque signal to the controller.
  • the signal transmitter may be in contact, such as the conductive slip ring shown in Figure 1, or may be non-contact, such as a loosely coupled transformer, a wireless transmission system.
  • the casing is slightly twisted and deformed by the rotating torque, causing the torque sensor to deform, generating a pedal torque signal, and the signal is transmitted to the controller to control the motor operation according to the magnitude of the torque signal through the program calculation to obtain a better riding.
  • the torque sensor to deform, generating a pedal torque signal, and the signal is transmitted to the controller to control the motor operation according to the magnitude of the torque signal through the program calculation to obtain a better riding.
  • the motor of the present invention is a concentric coaxial motor, as shown in FIG. 5, including a motor main casing 23, a stator coil 17, a motor rotor 24, a center shaft 1, a gear shaft 19, and a double ratchet clutch 20, and the magnetic steel 18 is embedded in the motor.
  • the motor output gear shaft 19 is sleeved on the center shaft
  • a gear shaft integrally formed with the motor rotor 24 is sleeved on the center shaft 1 and meshed with the planetary reduction mechanism.
  • the double ratchet clutch 20 is formed by axially superimposing two ratchet wheels with opposite stopping directions, and is divided into an inner ring, a middle ring and an outer ring.
  • the middle ring is fixedly connected with the sprocket bracket 10 to drive the electric bicycle to advance; the inner ring It is connected to the strain sleeve or the middle shaft of the electric bicycle and is an output member of the pedaling force; the outer ring is connected to the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism 22, and is connected to the right end cover 21 through a bearing as a motor power output component.
  • the controller controls the stator coil to lose power and the amount of points.
  • the stator coil When the stator coil is energized, the rotor rotates to drive the gear shaft 19 to rotate, and the gear shaft is rotated in proportion to the planetary shaft speed reduction mechanism. If the sleeve or the center shaft is rotating forward, the sprocket holder is rotated in the forward direction by the double ratchet clutch 20.
  • the controller controls the amount of the stator coil according to the signal detected by the sensor, thereby controlling the double ratchet clutch 20 to drive the sprocket bracket to rotate in the forward direction. That is to say, when the pedaling speed is fast, the middle shaft is used as the driving component of the sprocket bracket, and when the speed of the motor output is fast, the motor is the driving component of the sprocket bracket.
  • FIG. 2 is a first-level spline structure, a part of the inner ring is connected with the sleeve through the first spline 25, and the key teeth and the keyway of the spline are Torque line The gap is matched and the other part slides on the central axis. The torque on the sleeve is transmitted to the inner ring of the double ratchet clutch 20 through the first spline.
  • Fig. 3 there is a two-stage spline structure, a part of the inner ring is connected to the sleeve through the first spline 25, and the other part is connected to the central shaft through the second spline 26, as shown in Fig.
  • the key and the keyway of the spline Fitted with a torque stroke gap 27.
  • the middle shaft transmits the pedaling force to the inner ring of the double ratchet clutch through the second spline 26, and the strain sleeve 8 is no longer deformed, thereby achieving the effect of prolonging the service life of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve When the pedaling force continues to increase, the sleeve is not deformed enough during normal use, and the second spline 26 acts as a direct passage for the pedaling force, and the central shaft begins to directly transmit the pedaling force through the second spline 26, and exceeds the sleeve design deformation amount.
  • the torque is directly interrupted, and the middle shaft transmits the excessive pedaling force on the central shaft directly to the inner ring through the second spline. This avoids damage to the sleeve when it is violently stepped on.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，包括中轴、中置电机和控制器，还包括扭矩传感器、应变套筒，其中：所述控制器分别与扭矩传感器和中置电机相连，所述电机包括主壳体、线圈定子、转子、电机输出齿轮轴、行星减速机构和双棘轮离合器，所述应变套筒的一端与双棘轮离合器连接，另一端套装在中轴上，与中轴固定连接，所述扭矩传感器安装在套筒上；所述电机输出齿轮轴套设于中轴上与电机转子为一体结构，所述线圈定子固定于主壳体上，所述转子包裹于线圈定子外侧且与电机输出齿轮轴固定连接，所述行星减速机构设于主壳体内，所述齿轮轴与行星减速机构通过齿轮啮合。本发明的电机驱动系统根据骑行人员的具体要求提供相应的助力。

Description

一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种中轴力矩的传感系统，特别是涉及一种用于中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统。
背景技术
目前，有一种用于电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，包括电机和控制器，所述控制器设置于电机的外部，控制器控制电机输出恒定的电力，为人力踩踏提供助力。这种电机驱动系统无法以骑行人员的具体要求体统相应的助力。
综上所述，人们迫切需要用于中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，扭矩传感器通过信号传送器输送给控制器，扭矩传感器反应的是真实的脚踏情况；同时，电机驱动系统根据骑行人员的具体要求提供相应的助力。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，电动自行车上的应变套筒一端连接链轮支架，另一端与中轴固定连接，脚踏力通过中轴直接传递给应变套筒，再通过应变套筒表面的扭矩传感器，产生信号，传递给控制器，控制电机的输出。扭矩传感器反应的是真实的脚踏情况；同时，电机驱动系统根据骑行人员的具体要求提供相应的助力。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明所提供的技术方案是：
一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，包括中轴、中置电机 和控制器，还包括扭矩传感器、应变套筒，其中：
所述控制器分别与扭矩传感器和中置电机相连，
所述电机包括主壳体、线圈定子、转子、电机输出齿轮轴、行星减速机构和双棘轮离合器，
所述应变套筒的一端与所述双棘轮离合器连接，另一端套装在中轴上，与中轴固定连接，所述扭矩传感器安装在套筒上；
所述电机输出齿轮轴套设于所述中轴上与电机转子为一体结构，所述线圈定子固定于所述主壳体上，所述转子包裹于所述线圈定子外侧且与所述电机输出齿轮轴固定连接，所述行星减速机构设于所述主壳体内，所述电机输出齿轮轴与所述行星减速机构通过齿轮啮合。
进一步地，所述双棘轮离合器是由两个止动方向相反的棘轮轴向叠加而成，分为内圈、中圈和外圈，所述中圈与电动自行车的链轮支架固定连接，所述内圈与所述应变套筒或中轴相连，所述外圈与所述行星减速机构的输出端相连。
进一步地，在所述转子内嵌入磁钢。
进一步地，所述应变套筒的内表面贴合所述中轴的外表面。
进一步地，所述扭矩传感器连接信号传送器，用于将扭力信号传送给所述控制器。
进一步地，所述双棘轮离合器的内圈一部分通过第一花键与套筒连接，第一花键的键齿和键槽呈扭矩行程间隙配合，另一部分在中轴上滑动。
进一步地，所述双棘轮离合器的内圈一部分通过第一花键与套筒连接，另一部分通过第二花键与中轴连接，第二花键的键齿和键槽呈扭矩行程间隙配合。
采用上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果有：
1.本发明提供的中置电机传动系统，所述传感器检测套筒的扭力，将该检测信号传递至控制器，控制器根据检测到的信号调节电机输出，为人力踩踏提供相应的助力，更符合骑行人员的需求。
2.采用本发明的设计，避免了目前普遍存在的力矩传感系统在测量时发生的左右脚检测不平衡的现象，不仅测量的径向扭力准确地反应了踩踏力，而且无论是左脚还是右脚踩踏，都经由应变套筒驱动链轮支架，从而保证了骑行的流畅感，增加骑行的舒适度。
3.由于应变套筒套在中轴上，是滑动配合，两者之间存在一定的配合间隙，因此即使发生非正常情况，如自行车停放时有人踩在脚踏板上玩，此时中轴会产生微量的杠杆变形，该变形通过配合间隙传递到应变套筒上后大幅衰减，加上中轴刚性很强，本身变形量很小，此时应变套筒检测到的扭矩远小于正常踩踏时的扭矩，因此电动车不会启动输出电机驱动力，发出错误动作，克服了目前中轴力矩传感系统的常见缺陷。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例的中轴力矩传感系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明中另一实施例中一级花键的结构示意图；
图3为本发明中另一实施例中两级花键的结构示意图；
图4为本发明中另一实施例中花键的结构示意图。
图5为本发明一实施例的中置电机力矩传动系统的剖面图。
附图标记说明
1为中轴；2为轴承；3为导电滑环转子部；4为导电滑环定子部；5为霍尔传感器；6为磁环7为扭矩传感器；8为应变套筒；9为轴承；10为链轮支架；11左端盖；12左隔层；13电机控制器；14导电滑环；15放大电路板；17为定子线圈；18为磁钢；19为齿轮轴；20为双棘轮离合器；21为右端盖；22为行星减速机构；23电机主壳体；24电机转子；25第一花键；26第二花键；27扭矩行程间隙；28天芯轴；29齿盘支架。
具体实施方式
参考图1和5，本发明提供一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，其包含中轴1、应变套筒8、链轮支架10、扭矩传感器7和五通， 应变套筒8的一端通过轴承2固定在五通上并与链轮支架10相连接，另一端套装在中轴1上，与中轴固定连接，应变套筒的内表面贴合中轴的外表面，套筒和中轴只会发生相对的微量旋转，而不会上下左右晃动。当脚踩脚踏板时，不管是左脚还是右脚，发生的踩踏力都通过中轴和套筒的连接处传递给应变套筒8，套筒另一端将踩踏力通过链轮支架10传送出去，控制车轮转动。应变套筒的外表面粘贴扭矩传感器7，扭矩传感器连接信号传送器，把扭力信号传送给控制器。信号传送器可以是接触式的，例如图1中所示的导电滑环，也可以是非接触式的，例如松耦合变压器、无线传输系统。在这个过程中套管受到旋转扭力发生轻微扭转变形，引起扭矩传感器发生变形，产生脚踏力矩信号，信号传输至控制器根据扭力信号的大小通过程序计算后控制电机运转，获得更好的骑行体验。
本发明的电机为同心同轴的电机，如图5所述，包括电机主壳体23，定子线圈17、电机转子24、中轴1、齿轮轴19、双棘轮离合器20，磁钢18嵌入电机转子24中，电机输出齿轮轴19套设在中轴上，与电机转子24为一体结构的齿轮轴套设于中轴1上，并与行星减速机构相啮合。双棘轮离合器20是由两个止动方向相反的棘轮轴向叠加而成，分为内圈、中圈和外圈，所述中圈与链轮支架10固定连接，驱动电动自行车前进；内圈与电动自行车的应变套筒或中轴相连，是踩踏力的输出部件；所述外圈与行星减速机构22的输出端相连，通过轴承与右端盖21连接，作为电机电力输出部件。
控制器控制所述定子线圈得失电以及得点量，当定子线圈得电，转子旋转，带动齿轮轴19旋转，通过齿轮轴与行星减速机构的啮合关系，使得减速箱按比例输出旋转。如果套筒或中轴正转，则通过双棘轮离合器20带动链轮支架正向旋转。同时，控制器根据传感器检测的信号，控制定子线圈的得点量，进而控制双棘轮离合器20带动链轮支架正向旋转。也就是说，当踩踏速度较快时，中轴作为链轮支架的驱动部件，当电机输出的速度较快时，电机所为链轮支架的驱动部件。
在本发明的一个实施例中，如图2-4所示，图2中为一级花键结构，内圈的一部分与套筒通过第一花键25连接，花键的键齿和键槽呈扭矩行 程间隙配合，另一部分在中轴上滑动。套筒上的扭矩通过第一花键传递至双棘轮离合器20的内圈。图3中为两级花键结构，内圈一部分与套筒通过第一花键25连接，另一部分通过第二花键26与中轴连接，如图4所示，花键的键齿和键槽呈扭矩行程间隙27配合。当踩踏力超过上限后，中轴通过第二花键26将踩踏力传递给双棘轮离合器的内圈，应变套筒8不再继续变形，从而达到延长套筒使用寿命的效果。
如图3所示，当脚正常用力踩脚踏板时，套筒上的扭力通过第一花键25传送到内圈，由于是正常踩踏力，套筒相对中轴的扭转变形在一定范围内，所以第二花键26的键齿和键槽还在扭矩行程间隙内运动，不发生传动作用。这个过程是电动自行车的正常工作过程。
当脚踏力持续增加时，正常使用中套筒变形不够，第二花键26作为踩踏力的直接通道，中轴通过第二花键26开始直接传导脚踏力，把超过套筒设计变形量的扭力直接中断，中轴通过第二花键把中轴上过量的脚踏力直接传递给内圈。这样避免了遇到暴力踩踏时，套筒被损坏。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种中置电机电动自行车的中轴力矩传感系统，包括中轴、中置电机和控制器，其特征在于：还包括扭矩传感器、应变套筒，其中：
    所述控制器分别与扭矩传感器和中置电机相连，
    所述电机包括主壳体、线圈定子、转子、电机输出齿轮轴、行星减速机构和双棘轮离合器，
    所述应变套筒的一端与所述双棘轮离合器连接，另一端套装在中轴上，与中轴固定连接，所述扭矩传感器安装在套筒上；
    所述电机输出齿轮轴套设于所述中轴上与电机转子为一体结构，所述线圈定子固定于所述主壳体上，所述转子包裹于所述线圈定子外侧且与所述电机输出齿轮轴固定连接，所述行星减速机构设于所述主壳体内，所述电机输出齿轮轴与所述行星减速机构通过齿轮啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的中轴力矩传感系统，其特征在于，所述双棘轮离合器是由两个止动方向相反的棘轮轴向叠加而成，分为内圈、中圈和外圈，所述中圈与电动自行车的链轮支架固定连接，所述内圈与所述应变套筒或中轴相连，所述外圈与所述行星减速机构的输出端相连。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的中轴力矩传感系统，其特征在于，在所述转子内嵌入磁钢。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的中轴力矩传感系统，其特征在于，所述应变套筒的内表面贴合所述中轴的外表面。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的中轴力矩传感系统，其特征在于，所述扭矩传感器连接信号传送器，用于将扭力信号传送给所述控制器。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的中轴力矩传感系统，其特征在于，所述双棘轮离合器的内圈一部分通过第一花键与套筒连接，所述第一花键的键齿和键槽呈扭矩行程间隙配合，另一部分在中轴上滑动。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的中轴力矩传感系统，其特征在于，所述双棘轮离合器的内圈一部分通过第一花键与套筒连接，另一部分通过第二花键与中轴连接，所述第二花键的键齿和键槽呈扭矩行程间隙配合。
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